ABSTRACT

Gene Expression of Insulin-like growth Factor 1 in The Diabetic Rats (Rattus

norvegicus) Liver Given the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Bitter Melon Friut
(Mamordica Charantia. L) by Qrt-pcr Method
By:

Sitti nurhastiawati

K1A1 16 075

Background. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus worldwide according to the

International Diabetes Federation 2017 in the world reached 425 million in 2017
and is estimated to have increased 48% in 2045 by 629 million. Bitter melon is
one of the herbs that are widely used as an anti-diabetic. The bitter melon fruit
ethyl acetate fraction contains flavonoids which can increase insulin action,
charantin can reduce glucose absorption in the small intestine and saponin can
reduce blood sugar levels. Insulin-like growth factor 1 increases insulin sensitivity
and increases glucose uptake by tissues. This study aims to determine the
expression of the IGF-1 gene in the liver of diabetic rats given FEA bitter melon
extract.

Method. This study uses a post test only control group design. The sample of this study
consisted of 3 groups: the STZ-induced rat group, the STZ-induced rat group were given
an ethyl acetate fraction of bitter melon extract, and the non-STZ-induced rat group.
Sampling of liver organs. Primary design. Measurement of IGF-1 gene expression level
by qRT-PCR method. Data analysis using the Man Withney test was considered
significant if (p value <0.05)

Results. The results showed that there was a significant difference in fasting blood sugar
between the STZ-induced group and the STZ-induced rat group given the ethyl acetate
fraction of bitter melon extract (p = 0.001). And there was no significant difference
between fasting blood sugar that was induced by STZ given ethyl acetate fraction of bitter
melon extract and groups of mice that were not STZ induced (p = 0.102). There was a
significant difference between the expression of the IGF-1 gene STZ induced and the
STZ induced mouse group given the ethyl acetate fraction of bitter melon extract (p =
0.001). And there is a significant difference between IGF-1 gene expression induced by
STZ given the ethyl acetate fraction of bitter melon extract and groups of mice that were
not STZ induced (p = 0,000).

Conclusion. There was a significant difference between IGF-1 gene expression in the
STZ-induced group, the STZ-induced rat group was given an ethyl acetate fraction of
bitter melon extract and a group of mice that were not STZ-induced.

Keywords: Momordica charantia L., Ethyl Acetate Faction, Diabetes Melitus, IGF-1
gene expression, Streptozotocin

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