Topic Test C: Multiple Choice

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America’s Cultural Roots (Prehistory–1783)
Topic Test C
Multiple Choice
Circle or highlight the choice that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
1. Based on this map, what can you infer about people who may have used a
coastal migration route from Asia to the Americas?
A. They had explored the Americas previously.
B. They depended solely on fish for food.
C. They had boats that could travel in coastal waters.
D. They navigated skillfully using the sun and stars.
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2. Which of the following developments correctly completes the sequence of

events in this flowchart?
A. Development of agriculture
B. Formation of regional governments
C. Introduction of large livestock
D. Contact with Europeans
3. In this Topic, you read the following text:

“The first major European trading fort was established [by the Portuguese]
in 1482. It became a major trading center for slaves. By 1500, Europeans
purchased about 1,800 African slaves a year. This nearly doubled the previous
trade of some 1,000 slaves between Arab traders and the West African rulers.
Some slaves were shipped to Europe. . . . Growing numbers were sent across
the Atlantic to labor on new plantations in the Americas. Thus began the brutal
exploitation of West Africans enslaved by Europeans. . . .”
Which conclusion about the slave trade is best supported by the excerpt?
A. The Europeans paid more to purchase African slaves than Arab traders
had previously.
B. The Portuguese controlled the major African trading centers for slaves.
C. The number of African slaves sent to the Americas increased over time.
D. The Arab traders competed with Europeans to trade with West

African rulers.
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4. “They [native people in the Caribbean] should be good servants and intelligent,
for I observed that they quickly took in what was said to them, and I believe that
they would easily be made Christians, as it appeared to me that they had no
religion. I, our Lord being pleased, will take hence, at the time of my departure
six natives. . . .”
—Journal of Christopher Columbus, October 1492
The Journal of Christopher Columbus (During His First Voyage), and
Documents Relating to the Voyages of John Cabot and Gaspar Corte Real,
Clements R. Markham, ed. and trans. (London: 1893)
Which important Spanish goal is revealed in this excerpt?
A. They wanted to launch a new crusade against Islam.
B. They sought a source of labor for plantations.
C. They wanted to spread Christianity.
D. They sought a new market for Spanish goods.
5. Which idea best describes the religious makeup of West Africa when European
traders first came to the region?
A. Nearly all West Africans had converted to Islam after the religion spread
there along trade routes.
B. Islam had spread to West Africa but many West Africans remained
Christians.
C. Islam was spreading but many West Africans held traditional beliefs
and honored spirits and ancestors.
D. Nearly all West Africans held traditional beliefs and honored spirits
and ancestors.
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“The earliest kingdom, Ghana, expanded from the Sahara to the Gulf of Guinea
and from the Atlantic Ocean to the Niger River. Ghana rose to prominence
around A.D. 800. . . . Attacks from the Almoravids, an alliance of peoples from
the Sahara, eventually weakened Ghana’s control of West African trade. The
kingdom’s power faded until, finally, Ghana was supplanted around A.D. 1200
by a new kingdom known as Mali. The most famous ruler of Mali was a king
named Mansa Musa. During his reign in the early 1300s, he expanded Mali’s
domain westward to the Atlantic coast. . . .”
Based on the excerpt, what can you conclude about the nature of the early
Mali and late Ghana empires?
A. Ghana supplied Mali with slaves to trade near the Atlantic coast.
B. Both kingdoms divided the rule of the West African region.
C. Ghana allowed Mali limited control of trading routes.
D. Both kingdoms wanted control of West African trade routes.
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7. What does this 1519 Portuguese map of India and other regions suggest about
Portuguese attitudes in the 1500s?
Ann Ronan Pictures/Print Collector/Getty Images
A. Poor technology hampered Portuguese navigation efforts.
B. The Portuguese were fascinated by the unfamiliar regions that

were opening up.
C. Sailors were afraid to explore unknown territories and waters.
D. Merchants valued the slave trade as the most important

economic activity.
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“The largest and wealthiest city of the Mississippian culture was at Cahokia in
present-day southwestern Illinois. Cahokia benefited from being located near
the confluence of the Missouri, Tennessee, Ohio, and Mississippi rivers. . . . At
its peak in the year 1100, Cahokia had a population of at least 10,000 people
and perhaps as many as 40,000.”
What can best be concluded from the information in the excerpt?
A. The Mississippians exploited the region’s resources to

construct buildings.
B. The Mississippians traveled along the four rivers to spread their

culture farther.
C. The Mississippians used their fertile soil to support a large population.
D. The Mississippians established an effective government for its

large population.
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9. Which conclusion about the Ancestral Puebloans’ way of life does this
photograph suggest?
Ralph Lee Hopkins/Lonely Planet Images/Getty Images
A. They developed a trading relationship with Mississippian peoples.
B. They lived in settled communities and practiced agriculture.
C. They lived in the Eastern Woodlands and depended on hunting.
D. They were a nomadic society, always on the move.
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“Hand tools and draft animals sustained an economy that was overwhelmingly
agricultural. The great majority of the people lived in the countryside. Cities,
however, were growing, especially in northern Italy and in the Netherlands. In
the days before mechanized factories, the small-scale manufacturing of cloth,
tools, weapons, and ceramics took place in the urban workshops of artisans.”
Which conclusion about increasing prosperity in Europe of the 1400s is best
supported by this excerpt?
A. Artisans organized associations to market their goods.
B. The Netherlands was the most powerful country in Europe.
C. Farmers opened markets in urban areas.
D. Manufacturing and trade were increasingly important.
11. Europe in the later middle ages underwent many changes that expanded
Europeans’ awareness of the world. Which of the following is an example
from the text that supports this statement?
A. Printing caused people to travel farther from home due to stories of
distant places in popular literature.
B. Trade increased to meet the demand for exotic goods brought home by
returning Crusaders.
C. Advancement of the sciences enabled European nations to enhance

their military power and control wider areas.
D. Merchants gained more wealth and power that led them to organize a
new crusade.
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12. Based on the map, which conclusion can you draw about trade in the early
empires of West Africa?
A. West Africans wished mostly to obtain exotic goods from South and
East Asia.
B. European traders had the power to set prices and trade routes for
West Africans.
C. West Africans had trade relationships with Portugal as well as

North Africa.
D. Enslaved peoples were mostly traded between West Africa and

other places.
13. Which of the following was a main characteristic of both Spanish and
French colonization?
A. focus on trade rather than conquest
B. desire to find wealth and resources
C. intention to create a vast American empire
D. enslavement of American Indian laborers
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14. What was the root cause of religious rivalries in Europe and the Americas?
A. the French Jesuits’ participation in the fur trade
B. the Spanish friars’ treatment of American Indians
C. the economic effects of the Black Death
D. the movement started by Martin Luther
15. What objection did American Indians most likely have to the work of
Spanish missionaries?
A. Missionaries represented the Catholic Church.
B. Missionaries demanded that Indians give up their traditions.
C. Missionaries carried European diseases to the Americas.
D. Missionaries had little interest in seeking gold and riches.
16. Which statement best shows the bubonic plague’s economic effect on
fourteenth-century Europe?
A. Merchants moved away from urban areas.
B. Farmers gained control of most of the land.
C. The number of livestock decreased.
D. The number of workers decreased.
17. Which statement best describes the consequences of Samuel de Champlain’s

battle against the Iroquois?
A. It made the Iroquois more likely to trade furs with the French.
B. It caused the Iroquois to change their military tactics and equipment.
C. It led to the Dutch having a better relationship with the Huron.
D. It encouraged the Iroquois to mine iron and forge weaponry.
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18. What characterized the actions of the French in North America?

A. traded with American Indians, focused on Canada and Louisiana
B. traded with American Indians, focused on Florida and Southwest
C. conquered American Indians, focused on Canada and Louisiana
D. conquered American Indians, focused on Florida and Southwest
19. Hernando De Soto was a

A. French explorer who founded Quebec.
B. Spanish explorer who sought gold in Rio Grande area.
C. French explorer who looked for the Northwest Passage.
D. Spanish explorer of Florida and the Southeast.
20. How did the settlement of Louisiana benefit France?

A. It provided a market for agricultural goods produced in New France.
B. It prevented the English from encroaching on the Mississippi

River valley.
C. It enabled the French to earn money by taxing traders who used

the river.
D. It allowed merchants to profit from the abundant tobacco crops.
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Essay
Read each question, and write your answer in complete sentences.
21. Evaluate the lasting effects of the Pueblo Revolt of 1680. Support your ideas
with evidence from the text.
22. American Indian groups grew or gathered food in many different ways. Which
factors led different groups to develop different ways of making a living?
23. What evidence from the text explains how the Columbian Exchange affected
the environment and food supply of the peoples of the Americas?
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24. Differentiate the goals and achievements of Portugal and Spain during
the 1400s.
25. How did Spanish attitudes change about establishing a permanent presence
in Florida and the Rio Grande valley?
13

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NAME DATE CLASS

America’s Cultural Roots (Prehistory–1783)

A. They had explored the Americas previously.

B. They depended solely on fish for food.

C. They had boats that could travel in coastal waters.

D. They navigated skillfully using the sun and stars.

2. Which of the following developments correctly completes the sequence of

B. Formation of regional governments

C. Introduction of large livestock

D. Contact with Europeans

3. In this Topic, you read the following text:

D. The Arab traders competed with Europeans to trade with West

A. They wanted to launch a new crusade against Islam.

B. They sought a source of labor for plantations.

C. They wanted to spread Christianity.

D. They sought a new market for Spanish goods.

6. In this Topic, you read the following text:

B. Both kingdoms divided the rule of the West African region.

C. Ghana allowed Mali limited control of trading routes.

D. Both kingdoms wanted control of West African trade routes.

Ann Ronan Pictures/Print Collector/Getty Images

A. Poor technology hampered Portuguese navigation efforts.

B. The Portuguese were fascinated by the unfamiliar regions that

C. Sailors were afraid to explore unknown territories and waters.

D. Merchants valued the slave trade as the most important

8. In this Topic, you read the following text:

A. The Mississippians exploited the region’s resources to

B. The Mississippians traveled along the four rivers to spread their

C. The Mississippians used their fertile soil to support a large population.

D. The Mississippians established an effective government for its

Ralph Lee Hopkins/Lonely Planet Images/Getty Images

A. They developed a trading relationship with Mississippian peoples.

B. They lived in settled communities and practiced agriculture.

C. They lived in the Eastern Woodlands and depended on hunting.

D. They were a nomadic society, always on the move.

10. In this Topic, you read the following text:

A. Artisans organized associations to market their goods.

B. The Netherlands was the most powerful country in Europe.

C. Farmers opened markets in urban areas.

D. Manufacturing and trade were increasingly important.

C. Advancement of the sciences enabled European nations to enhance

C. West Africans had trade relationships with Portugal as well as

D. Enslaved peoples were mostly traded between West Africa and

B. desire to find wealth and resources

C. intention to create a vast American empire

D. enslavement of American Indian laborers

A. the French Jesuits’ participation in the fur trade

B. the Spanish friars’ treatment of American Indians

C. the economic effects of the Black Death

D. the movement started by Martin Luther

A. Missionaries represented the Catholic Church.

B. Missionaries demanded that Indians give up their traditions.

C. Missionaries carried European diseases to the Americas.

D. Missionaries had little interest in seeking gold and riches.

A. Merchants moved away from urban areas.

B. Farmers gained control of most of the land.

C. The number of livestock decreased.

D. The number of workers decreased.

17. Which statement best describes the consequences of Samuel de Champlain’s

B. It caused the Iroquois to change their military tactics and equipment.

C. It led to the Dutch having a better relationship with the Huron.

D. It encouraged the Iroquois to mine iron and forge weaponry.

18. What characterized the actions of the French in North America?