Department of Pharmacy

Name: Danish Malik

Roll No: BPD-02193184
Subject: Pharmaceutics
Submitted To: Dr.Kashif Barkat
Q: What is solubility?

A: The ability to be dissolved especially in water.

It can be defined quantitatively as the concentration of solute in a saturated solution at a certain

temperature and qualitatively as the spontaneous interaction of two or more substances to form a
homogenous molecular dispersion

It measures the highest amount of substance mixed into a liquid solvent while they are both at equal
amounts.

“As, the temperature increases the solubility of the gas generally decreases.”

It doesnot depend on the size, infact even the large particles will eventually all dissolve.

An example of something with solubility is salt in water.

Solubilization:

Solubilization is the process incorporating the solubilizate (the component that undergoes
solubilization) into or onto micelles.

Solubilization may occur in a system consisting of a solvent, an association colloid, and atleast one other

It is the action of certain chemical reagents an organic materials (such as animal or plant tissues) that
effects a structural breakdown (or digestion) into a liquid form that can then be directly dissolved in a
liquid scintillation cocktail.

 The use of mixed solvents (blending and co-solvency).

 The use of surface active agents (micelle formation).
 The use of hydrotrophic salts e.g, iodine and potassium iodide.
 Complex formation e.g, caffeine and barbiturate.

Process of solubilization:
 Breaking of inter-ionic or inter-molecular bonds in the solute.
 Separation of solute molecules to provide space for the solute.
 Interaction between the solvent and solute molecule or ion.
Q: Write a note on importance and application of solubility?

Answer:

Applications:

 Solubility is fundamental importance in large number of scientific disciplines and practical

applications, to the use of medicines, and the transport of pollutants.
 Solubility represents a fundamental concepts in field of research such as chemistry, physics,
food science, pharmaceutical and biological sciences.
 The solubility of substance becomes specially important in the pharmaceutical field because it
often represents a major factor that controls the bioavailability of a drug substance.

Importance of solubility:
 Therapeutic effectiveness of a drug depends upon the bioavailability and ultimately upon the
solubility of drug molecule.
 It is important parameter to achieve desired concentration of drug in systematic circulation for
pharmacological response to be shown.
 Any drug to be absorbed must be soluble or present in the form of an aqueous solution at the
site of absorption.
 Currently only 8% of new drug candidates have both high solubility and permeability.
 Nearly 40% of the new chemical entities currently being discovered are poorly water soluble.
 It is valuable in planning chemistry changes.
 Solubility depends on solute solvent interaction.
 Solubility also depends upon temperature.
 Solubility effects the optimization of manufacturing processes.