13/3/2021 Module 12 :: Sodium Rhodizonate Test

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Sodium Rhodizonate Test

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The Sodium Rhodizonate Test is a chemically specific chromophoric test for the
presence of lead in any form, including vaporous lead (smoke), particulate lead, lead
in primer residues (e.g., lead azide or lead styphnate), lead bullet, or shot pellet

wipe. The presence of particulate lead is a random nonreproducible phenomenon

dependent on many uncontrolled variables that may be caused by leading, metal
fouling, or a dirty barrel at the time of discharge.

The presence of vaporous lead is very useful in that it typically is found at closer

ranges. Although the Sodium Rhodizonate Test cannot be used to determine precise
muzzle-to-target distances, it is possible to determine the maximum distance to
which it will be deposited using the firearm and ammunition in combination.

The procedure can be applied to a number of surfaces, such as victim clothing,

drywall, vehicle upholstery, curtains, carpet, etc. It is always performed after the
Blue-violet positive result for the Sodium
Modified Griess Test and the Dithiooxamide Test to preclude potential chemical Rhodizonate Test for lead with the evidence
revolver, showing cylinder blast and muzzle blast
interference. Courtesy of Jack Dillon

The objective of this test is to confirm the results of the Modified Griess Test. Information from this test may also assist in
establishing a muzzle-to-target distance; lead is generally detected at closer distances. A positive result around the suspected bullet
hole is consistent with passage of a bullet.

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