FORM TP 2014011 result ia dsqulifeation. Test cope 01253010 JANUARY 2014 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE® EXAMINATION HUMAN AND SOCIAL BIOLOGY Paper 01 — General Proficiency J hour 15 minutes 15 JANUARY 2014 (p.m.) READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. ‘This test consists of 60 items. You will have | hour and 15 minutes to answer them. In addition to this test booklet, you should have an answer sheet, Each item in this test has four suggested answers lettered (A), (B), (C), (D). Read each item you are about to answer and decide which choice is best. On your answer sheet, find the number which corresponds to your item and shade the space having the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below. ‘Sample Item Abnormally high blood pressure is called Sample Answer (A) hypotension (B) distension @A®eoO (C) hypertension (D) hyperglycaemia The correct answer to this item is “hypertension”, so answer space (C) has been shaded. If you want to change your answer, erase it completely and fill in your new choice. When you are told to begin, turn the page and work as quickly and as carefully as you can If you cannot answer an item, go on to the next one. You can come back to this item later. ‘Your score will be the total number of correct answers. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. DO _NOT RN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. Copyright © 2011 Caribbean Examinations Council All rights reserved.Ss “The parasite that needs a living host cell to replicate itself is the (A) bacterium (@) protozoan (C) fungus (©) virus Items 2-3 refer to the following diagram showing what occurs when potassium manganate(VI) crystals are placed in a beaker of water. = cS colour spreads throughout the water crystals of potassium manganate(Vi1) ‘The process that allows the colour to spread throughout the water is, (A) osmosis (B) diffusion (C) absorption (D) active transport In the human body, the process demonstrated in the diagram above occurs between the (A) skin and hair (B) blood and the brain (©) villi and blood capillaries (D) trachea and the oesophagus Which of the following processes creates 5. Which of the following diseases is caused a waste product that is required for energy bya lack of Vitamin A? production in all living things? (A) Scurvy (A) Digestion (B) __ Rickets (B) _ Egestion (©) Beri-beri (©) ___ Respiration (D) Night blindness (D) Photosynthesis GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01253010/JANUARY/F 20143h Items 6-7 refer to the following table which shows the results of four tests on a liquid food, ‘Test Number Test ‘Observation i ‘Add iodine solution. ‘Colour changes from brown to blue-black. u Heat with Benedict's solution, | Colour changes from blue to red. MI___| Add biuret reagent. ‘Colour remains blue. TV___ | Mixwithethanoland pourinto water. | White cloudy emulsion. ‘The food MOST likely contains 7. ‘The observation in Test Number III indicates the (A) fat and starch only (B) fat, starch and protein (A) __ presence of fats (C) fat, reducing sugar and starch (B) presence of proteins (D) fat, non-reducing sugar and starch (©) __ absence of proteins (D) presence of non-reducing sugars Which of the following groups of foods, tems 9-10 refer tothe following information eaten in their correct proportions, BEST ‘on Body Mass Index (BMD. represents a balanced diet? Persons | Height (m) | Weight (kg) | BMI (A) Rice, chicken, fruits, vegetables 7 : a i od and milk (B) Wholewheat bread, butter, jam and I 1.55 34 2 tea im 1.65 75 27 (C) Pasta, baked chicken, juice and ice Ww | 17s 103 33, cream (D) Rice, macaroni pie, vegetables and ‘The BMI categories are as follows: cake Underweight: <18.5 Normal weight: 18.5-24.9 “Overweight: 25-29.9 Obese: >30 9. Which of the above persons is in the overweight category? Cn @) I © m o W 10. The person in the normal weight category 01253010 ANUARY/F 2014 has a weight (in kg) of (A) 36 (B) Sa © 7 (D) 103 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE11, The region of the alimentary canal that is acidic is the (A) colon (B) duodenum (C) stomach (D) oesophagus 12. Which of the following BEST describes the function of the liver? @) 3) © () Storage of bile Production of bile 13. Secretion of pancreatic juice Transportation of bile to the duodenum, 14. Items 13-14 refer to the following structures of a tooth. (A) Root (B) Crown (©) Cement (D) Pulp cavity In answering items 13-14, match the following phrases with one of the options above. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all, Holds the tooth in place. Provides a surface for biting and crushing food. 18. Which sequence shows the path taken by air moving into the lungs? (A) (B) © (D) Trachea —> bronchioles —> bronchi — alveoli ‘Trachea — bronchi — bronchioles — alveol Trachea — bronchi — bronchioles — trachea Trachea — bronchioles — bronchi — trachea GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE5h 16. Which of the following diagrams shows the correct status of the ribs and external intercostal muscles when a human breathes in air? (a) vertebral column external intercostal muscles contract ribs pivot on ‘volume increases backbone (B) vertebral column ribs down ‘external intereostal ‘muscles contract, ‘volume increases backbone external intercostal ‘muscles relax external intercostal muscles relax ribs pivot on. ‘volume increases backbone x GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE17. 19. 20. 2 =65 ‘The GREATEST volume of air which one ‘ean blow out after fully breathing in is the (A) tidal air (B) oxygen debt (©) lung capacity (D) vital capacity Which of the following statements is true about aerobic and anaerobic respiration? (A) Oxygen is required for aerobic respiration. (B) —_Anaerobicrespiration occurs inthe schondria. (©) More energy is produced during anaerobic respiration. Lactic acid is produced during aerobic respiration. (D) The circulatory system in humans consists of blood, (A) lymph and the heart (B) lymph and tissue fluid (C) blood vessels and the heart (D) blood vessels and tissue fluid Which of the following components of blood transports urea? (A) Plasma (B) Platelet (©) Red blood cell (D) White blood cell The cells that engulf bacteria in the human body are called (A) antigens (B) antibodies (C)___ lymphocytes (D) phagocytes 01253010/JANUARY/F 2014 2. 24. When the heart is in systole, the chambers of the heart (A) relax squeezing blood out (B) contract squeezing blood out (©) relaxallowing blood to enter (D) contract allowing blood to enter Item 23 refers to the following diagram of 1 synovial joint. Which labelled part represents the tendon? @ 1 B® © mW ©) W ‘An example of a fixed joint is found (A) inthe skull (B) inthe toes (©) inthe hip (D) _ between vertebrae GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE26. es Items 25-26 referto the followingdiagram 27, of a typical long bone. 28. Vv ‘The function of the part labelled 11 is to A) (B) © () Which bone? (A) (B) © (D) supply the bone with its nutrients store fat and make blood cells store calcium and phosphorus supply the mechanism for bone growth labelled part represents compact I u mM Iv Which of the following structures in the skin is responsible for making melanin? (A) Sweat gland (B) — Comified layer (C)_—Sebaceous gland (D) Malpighian layer Which of the following isatoxie metabolic waste product of the human body? (A) Bile (B) Urea (©) Water (D) Glucose 29, Item 29 refers to the following schematic diagram of a negative feedback mechanism. ee) , ‘Too much water in the blood es ‘More urine produced ‘so that the body gets rid of it 4 Normal conditions the blood eae Which of the following statements is correct for Box X? (A) (B) «c) (D) Less ADH is produced. More ADH is produced. More absorption of water takes place, Collecting ducts in the tubules become more permeable, GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE30. 31. 32. 33. ue <8 Which of the following occurs when the human body gets too hot? (A) Blood vessels at the surface of the skin constrict, (B) Hairs on the surface of the skin stand on end (C) Muscles contract and relax rapidly causing shivering. (D) Sweat glands in the skin produce more sweat. The region of the human brain that is responsible for balance and locomotion is the (A) cerebrum, (B) cerebellum (©) hypothalamus (D) olfactory lobe Which of the following sense organs responds to temperature? (A) Eye (B) Ear (© Skin (D) Tongue Which of the following describes a reflex action? (A) Amovement away from danger (B) A fast reaction to a given stimulus (©) Anautomaticresponsetoastimulus (D) A predictable response to a given stimulus ‘The way that a lens brings about the fine focusing of objects is called (A) myopia (B) astigmatism (©) conjunetivitis (D) accommodation 01253010/JANUARY/F 2014 35. 36. 37. ‘An overproduction of thyroxine in an adult human leads to (A) very short stature (B) excessive growth of bones (©) lowmetabolic rate and overweight (D) high metabolic rate and loss of weight Which of the following erops reproduce(s) asexually? 1 Cassava Il Pigeon peas IIL Sweet potato (A) Tonly (B) Land Honly (C) Land It only (D) Mand IIT Item 37 refers to the following diagram which shows the human male reproductive system. In which structure are spermatozoa * produced? @ ‘ol «© Ul ) Vv GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE39, 40. 41. 42. “9: Which of the following shows the order of the processes that occur during pregnancy” (A) __ Fertilization — mitosis + implantation — development of embryo (B) Fertilization —+ implantation —+ development of embryo — mitosis (C) Mitosis — fertilization + implantation— development of embryo (D) Implantation of embryo — fertilization —> mitosis ++ development of embryo Which of the following are NOT examples 43. Which of the following is an example of of post-natal care? genetic engineering? 1 Breastfeeding (A) Production of insulin by £. coli I Vaccination bacteria HL Consumption of proper nutrition (B) —_Cloningof high-producinganimals by the mother (C) _ Tissueculturein banana production IV Diffusion of oxygen from the (D) Using stem cells to produce organs ‘mother via the placenta (A) Land Il only 44. Which of the following is classified as a (B) Hand It only deficiency disease? (©) Wand 1V only (D) 1. Mand Mt only (A) Herpes (B) Anaemia (©) Malaria cell with 16 chromosomes is divided by (D) Hypertension mitosis. This results in two cells each with a chromosome number of 45. Which of the following transmit the (A) 4 oF os pathogen that causes malaria’ © 16 (A) Rats ore {B) — Houseflies (©) Aedes aegypti mosquitoes An example of continuous variation is (D) Female Anopheles mosquitoes (A) sex (B) weight 46. Which of the following measures should (©) blood group an individual adopt to control diabetes (D) tongue rolling mellitus? Which of the following BEST defines a 1. Increase the carbohydrate intake ‘gene’? Il Adopt an active lifestyle MIL Lose weight (A) A. segment of DNA in a IV, Take prescribed medication chromosome (B) The physical characteristics of an (A) land If only ‘organism (B) 1, Ml and IV only (C) The combination of alleles for a (©) Il, land LV only particular trait (D) 1,11, Itand IV (D) A double-stranded molecule that codes for genetic information GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE47. 48. 49. 50. 51 -10- Which of the following organisms transmits parasites from one host to another? (A) Virus (B) Vector (C) Bacterium (D) Pathogen Which of the following methods of control would NOT be effective against the spread of dengue? (A) Drainage of swamps (B) Safe disposal of sewage (C) Spraying with insecticides (D) Sleeping under mosquito nets ‘tems 49-80 refer to the following types of immunity. (A) Natural active (B) Artificial active (C) Natural passive (D) Artificial passive Inanswering items 49-S0, match each item ‘with one of the options above. Each option may be used once, more than once or not atall Passed from mother to foetus by way of the placenta Acquired by giving a polio vaccine ‘The drug, heroin, is an example of a (A) narcotic (B) sedative (©) stimulant (D) hallucinogen 01253010/JANUARY/F 2014 52. ‘Three patients in a camp are diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which of the following methods of control may be BEST suited to prevent further spread of the disease? 1. Avoid spitting and overcrowding, I. Good ventilation and proper disposal of faeces Ill. BCG innoculation and good ventilation IV. X-ray and drug treatment (A) Lonly (8) Honly (©) bland ttt only (D) — L.Uland IV only ‘What is the GREATEST impact of organic fertilizers on a river? (A) Bacteria multiply, leading to eutrophication. (B) —_Accumulationinaquatic organisms leading to mutations, (©) Plantsdiedueto presence oftoxins. (D) _ Increase in fish population Which of the following is the effect of carbon monoxide on humans? (A) __Itirritates mucous membranes. (B) It combines with haemoglobin to reduce oxygen uptake. (© _Itformsphotochemicalsmog which is linked to cancers. (D) It causes retarded development in children and foetuses. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE55. Me Item 55 refers to the following steps in testing water for bacteria. 1. Seal the agar plates. Il, Place a few drops of water on each agar plate. III. Put the agar plates in a warm place for 48 hours, Which of the following is the correct sequence for the steps? (A) tou ul @) I-ils1 © usiom (Do) m1 A pit latrine can affect water quality by (A) encouraging the breeding of mosquitoes (B) encouraging rodents to frequent water sources (©) causing discoloration of water in wells, streams and rivers (D) allowing seepage of raw sewage into the water table ‘What is the effect of oxygen on sewage? (A) Causes sludge to settle (B) __ Kills microorganisms (C)__Uses hydrogen to form water (D) _ Increases respiration rate for bacteria END OF TEST Which of the following waste mat should NOT be disposed of at a landfill? Is (A) Wood (B) Rubber (C) Sewage (D) Carpet Which of the following statements about recycling is correct? (A)__ It saves landfill space. (B) _Ituses up natural resources. (C)__Itleadstoincreased unemployment. (D) _Itcannot reduce the cost of waste isposal. Biodegradable substances can (A) _ be broken down naturally (B) _bere-usedtoproduce new products (©) __peristintheenvironment forseveral years (D) be considered a health hazard to living organisms IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST. 01253010/SANUARY/F 2014