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TEST CODE 01253010.

JANUARY 20I5
CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL
CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE@
EXAMINATION
HUMAN AND SOCIAL BIOLOGY

Paper 01- General Proficiency

I hour 15 minutes

16 JANUARY 2015 (p.m.)

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.

l. This test consists of 60 items. You will have I hour and l5 minutes to answer them.

2. In addition to this test booklet, you should have an answer sheet.

J. Each item in this test has four suggested answers lettered (A), (B), (C), (D). Read each item
you are about to answer and decide which choice is best.

4. On your answer sheet, find the number which corresponds to your item and shade the space
having the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below.

Sample Item

Abnormally high blood pressure is called Sample Answer

(A)
(B)
distension
hypotension
@@ oo
(C) hypertension
(D) hyperglycaemia

The correct answer to this item is "hypertension", so (C) has been shaded.

5. If you want to change your answer, erase it completely and fill in your new choice.

6. When you are told to begin, turn the page and work as quickly and as carefully as you can.
If you cannot answer an item, go on to the next one. You can come back to this item later.
7. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.
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DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTrL yOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
!!
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Copyright @ 2012 Caribbean Examinations Council
I All rights reserved.
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1. Which of the following is BEST described Item 5 refers to the following diagram.
othe smallegt living organism that does
as
NOThave atrue cellular structure like other
organisms'?

(A) Virus .
(B) Fungus
(C) Amoeba
(D)' Bacterium

Based on the pyramid above, which of the

2. Which ofthe following substances can pass following statements is NOT true?
through the cell membrane ofan animal cell
by the process of osmosis? (A) The producers suPPlY the most
energy.
(A) Salts (B) The herbivore level provides less
(B) Gases food than the Producer level.
(C) Water (C) The amount of available energY
(D) Vitamins decreases with each successive
level.
(D) The total mass of living organisms
3. The organelle responsible forthe production that can be supported at each higher
of protein is the level increqses.

(A) ribosome
(B) cytoplasm Items 6-7 refer to the following food test
(C) chloroplast carried out on 2 cm3 of a food solution.
(D) mitochondrion
I. Add 2 cm3 of 57o Potassium
hydroxide and stir.
4. The ability of a living organism to detect il. Add two droPs of lYo coPPer
and respond to changes in its environment sulphate.
is referred to as
6. The nutrient being tested for is
(A) excretion
(B) nutrition (A) fat
(c) movement (B) starch
(D) irritability (c) protein
(D) reducing sugar

7. A positive result is indicated bY a

(A) brick-red precipitate

(B) blue-black preciPitate
(c) cloudy white susPension
(D) purple solution

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8. Which of the following is essential.for the Item 1l refers to the following diagram of
development of red blood cells in infants? pan of the human digestive system.

(A) Iron
(B) Calcium
(C) Vitamip B
(D) Phosphorous

9. Which of the following has NO nutritive

value in a balanced diet?

(A) Fat
(B) Fibre
(C) Protein
(D) Carbohydrate

11. Which sequence correctly matches the

Item 10 refers to the following vertical numbered structures to their functions?
section through a molar tooth. ,.
Secretes Stores Absorbs
Gastric Bile Soluble End-
Juice I products
(A) I 2 J

(B) I J 2
(c) 2 I J
(D) 2 3 I

12. In which ofthe following organs are excess

amino acids broken down to urea?

(A) Colon
(B) Liver
10. Which of the following shows the correct (c) Kidney
function for each of the parts labelled P, Q (D) Duodenum
and R?

Protection Nourishment Shape 13. In which part of the alimentary canal will
an enzyme that works best at pH l-2.5 be
(A) P a R found?
(B) P R a
(c) R a P (A) Ileum
(D) R P a (B) Mouth
(c) Stomach
(D) Duodenum

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14. Water is required by dll living things to 17. Which of the following BEST completes
the equation for aerobic respiration?
(A) hydrolyze fats
(B) break down flbre Glucose + oxygen ---)

(C) transport substances

(D) dissolve VitaminsAand D (A) carbon dioxide + water
(B) carbon dioxide * water + energy
(C) carbon monoxide * water* energy
15. Which of the following does NOT affect (D) carbon monoxide + lactic acid +
breathing rate? energy

(A) Diet 18. Smoking cigarettes can become addictive

(B) Exercise because ofa smoker's physical dependence
(C) Running arace on the cigarette's
(D) Carbon dioxide concentration
(A) tu
(B) nicotine
Item 16 refers to the following diagram of (C) carbon dioxide
the human respiratory sYstem. (D) carbon monoxide

19. Which of the following parts of the heart

pumps deoxygenatqd blood to the lungs?

(A) Left atrium

(B) Right atrium
(C) Left ventricle
(D) Right ventricle I

24. Pulmonary circulation involves the passage

of blood from the

(A) lungs to the heart

(B) heart to the lungs and back
(C) lower parts of the body to the heart
16. Gaseous exchange takes Place at (D) heart to the rest of the bodY
(excluding the lungs)
(A) I
(B) II
21. Which of the following substances Lre
(c) IU body?
transported by the blood in a human
(D) IV
l. Carbon dioxide
II. Hormones
UL Mineral salts

(A) I and I[ onlY

(B) I and III onlY
(C) II and III onlY
(D) I,lI and III

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22. The function of lymphocytes is to 25. Which of the following is responsible for
connecting the two bones?
(A) produce antigens
(B) produceantibodiestogiveimmunity (A) I
(C) engulf and ingest gerrns that enter (B) II
the body (c) III
(D) (D) Iv
'.
help in the process of the cloffing
of blood

26. A baltr-and-socket joint is located

23. Which of the following is an accurate
definition of systole? (A) at the elbow
(B) between wrist bones
(A) Contractions ofthe heart chambers (C) between the skull and the neck
(B) The resting state, when the cardiac (D) where the arm meets the shoulder
muscle is relaxed
(c) Relaxation of the heart chambers
(D) When the blood volume increases Item27 refers to the following diagram of
so that the blood pressure increases a human arm.

Items 24-?5 referto the following diagram

of a synovial joint.

Muscle

Bone

IT

III

Bone

IV
27. Which of the following occurs when the'
arm is lifted?
24. Which ofthe following correctly labels the
synovialfluid? (A) The biceps pulls on the radius.
(B) The triceps pulls on the ulna.
(A) I. (c) The scapula is pulled down.
(B) rr (D) The triceps shortens.
. (c) rrr
. (D) rv

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28. Which of the following structures in the Item 32 refers to the following diagram
skin is responsible for making melanin? which shows a section through a human
brain.
(A) Sweat gland
(B) Comified layer
(C) Sebaceous gland
(D) Malpighian layer

29. One of the functions of the kidney is to

(A) absorb bile

(B) form urine
(c) pump blood to the lungs
(D) reduce blood sugar level

blood 32' Which of the following processes are

30. Which of the following occurs when
controlled by the part of the brain labelled
sugar levels rise above normal?
w?
(A) Adrenalin secretion is increased- I. Learning and memory
(B) Adrenalin secretion is inhibited. II. Balanceandmuscularcoordination
(C) Insulin secretion is inhibited. UI. Sight and heoring
(D) tnsulin secretion is increased.
(A) I and II onlY
(B) I and III onlY
31. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) helps to (C) II and III onlY
maintain a constant amount of water in the (D) I,II and III
body by

(A) increasing the flow of urine down Item 33 refers to the following diagram of
the collecting duct a section through a human eYe.
(B) decreasing the flow of urine down
the collecting duct
(c) decreasing the permeability of the
distal kidney tubule to water
(D) increasing the permeability of the
distal kidney tubule to waten

33. Which labelled structures cause light to be

refracted?

(A) I and II only

(B) I and III only
(c) II and III only
(D) I, I[ and III

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34. An example of a cranial reflex actioR is

(A) the knee jerk

(B) dodging from an object that is thrown towards one's body
(C) the narrowing of the pupil of the eye in bright sunlight
(D)- pulling away one's hand from a hot pot cover

Item 35 refers to the following diagram which shows a simple reflex arc.

35. What are the structures labelled P and Q?

Pa
(A) Nerve ending Synapse
(B) Motor neurone Cell body
(c) Sensory neurone Synapse
(D) Intermediate neurone Grey-matter

36. Which row about responses by the nervous and endocrine system in the following table is
INCORRECT?

Nervous System Endocrine System

(A) Immediate control. Long lasting effect.
(B) Chemical message. Electrical message.
(c) Message travels rapidly. Message travels slowly.

(D) Message travels along neurones. Message travels via the blood.

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Item 37 refers to the'following diagram Item 39 refers to the following stages in the
which shows the human male reproductive development of the embryo which occur
system. after fertilization of the ovum-

39. Which of the following is Stage P?

(A) Implantation of the embryo

(B) Nourishment of the embryo
(c) Protection of the embryo
(D) Expulsion of the embryo

37. Which labelled structure represents the 40. Which of the following statements may be
bladder? true about Prenatal care?

(A) I I. Keeps the mother on a strict diet

(B) II and exercise Program
(c) u II. Monitors the development of the
foetus
(D) Iv .
Helps the mother to properly care '
UI.
for the babY after birth
. 39. What is the function of follicle-stimulating IV. Prevents injuries to the developing
hormone (FSH)? foetus

(A) Controlstheformationofthecorpus (A) I only

luteum (B) I and III onlY
(B) Growth offollicles and production (C) I,II and III onlY
ofoestrogen (D) I, II and IV onlY
(C) Prepares the lining ofthe uterus for
the embryo
(D) 41. A cell is described as being diploid when
Stimulationofthefollicletosecrete
progestrone
(A) the chromatids align at the equator
of the cell
(B) it divides to give four different
daughter cells
(c) it has the full chromosome number
(D) it undergoes meiosis

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42. An example of discontinuous variation in 47. In order to reduce the spread of ringworm,
humans is one should avoid

(A) height (A) sharing utensils and having blood

(B) tongue rolling transfusion
(C) skin coloqr (B) sharing personal items and walking
(D) foot length barefooted in changing rooms
(c) spitting and sneezing around others
in public places
43. The term 'dominant' refers to the gene (D) eating contaminated food in apoorly
which ventilated room

(A) shows its characteristics in the

phenotype 48. Which of the following is the causative
(B) shows its characteristics in the agent for the type of pneumonia which is
genotype treated with antibiotics?
(c) partially shows its characteristics
in the genotype (A) Virus
(D) does not show its characteristics in (B) Fungus
the phenotype (C) Amoeba
(D) Bacterium

44. Meiosis is responsible for the production

of 49. Soon after a man is enlployed as a food
handler in a restaurant, several patrons
(A) male gametes only complain of severe fever and diarrhoea.
(B) female gametes only Tests show that he is the source of the
(c) male and female gametes problem. He is MOST likely a carrier of
(D) identical cells in cell division
(A) typhoid
(B) dengue
To which of the following categories of (C) tuberculosis
disease does sickle-cell anaemia belong? (D) HIV andAIDS

(A) Inherited
(B) Infectious 50. Which of the following statements about
(c) Deficiency personal hygiene are true?
(D) Degenerative
I. It eliminates body odours.
II. It prevents infections.
46. A person suffering from Type II diabetes III. It promotes social acceptance.
becomes dehydrated and thirsty because
(A) I and I[ only
(A) the blood becomes acidic (B) I and III only
(B) sugar makes the blood more (c) II and III only
concentrated (D) I, II and III
(c) water is used to remove the sugar
from the filtrate
(D) the pancreas requires "water to
secrete more insulin

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Item 51 refers to thi following diagram 54. Which of the following is an effect of acid
showing the life cycle of the housefly. rain?

(A) Damages coral reefs

(B) Leads to global warming
(C) Dissolves some poisonous metals,
introducing them in waterways
(*\*,, (D) Causes eutrophication in rivers,
leading to the death of aquatic
organisms
'\"._)
55. Pollution is BEST described as the
(c)
(A) disPosal of domestic waste
(B) disposal of harmful substances in
51. Which stage is prevented by keeping water
household refuse properly covered? (C) contamination of land, water and
air bY harmful microorganisms
(D) contamination of land, water and
Item 52 refers to the following effects of air by harmful substances
drug abuse.

I. Headache
II. Depression
III. Upset stomach
ry. Frustration

52. Two psychological effects from the list

above are

(A) I and II
(B) II and III
(C) II and IV
(D) III and IV

53. After a storm, which method CANNPTbe

used to make water safe for drinking?

(A) Use of a fine strainer

(B) Boiling for at least five minutes
(C) Addition of a small amount of
bleach
(D) Use of chloramine tablets

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ltems 56-57 refer to the following information.

A dish filled with agar is contaminated with four cultures of bacteria, I, II, III and IV.

II TV

III

A chemical is poured over the dish and after 30 minutes the bacteria cultures are checked and seen
as in the diagram below.

I
II w
NI

56. The chemical poured over the dish is MOST likely composed of

(A) antigens
(B) antibodies
(C) antibiotics
(D) anti-sera

57. The bacteria cultures that are resistant to the chemical are

(A) I and II
(B) I and IV
(C) II and III
(D) ttl and IV

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