Discus important provisions of Objective Resolution (1949).

Ans. Pakistan came into being on 14th August 1947. At the time of creation of Pakistan
There was no any constitution in Pakistan. So Quaid-e-Azam enforced All India Act 1935
with certain amendments in the country for the smooth functioning of the state.
Objective Resolution (1949)
The first prime Minister of Pakistan, Liaquat Ali Khan presented the Objective Resolution in
the First Constituent Assembly, which was passed on March 12 th 1949.
Salient Features of the Objective Resolution
The salient features of Objectives Resolution are as follows:
1. Sovereignty of Allah
Sovereignty belongs to Allah Almighty alone, but He has delegated it to the state of
Pakistan, and through its people to be exercised as sacred trust within the limits imposed by
Him.
2. Islamic Democracy
State will exercise its power and authority through the elected representatives of the people
and Islamic democracy will be exercised in the century.
3. Islamic Principles
The Islamic principles of democracy, freedom, equality, tolerance and social justice shall
fully be followed.
4. Islamic ways of living
The Muslims shall be enabled to live individually and collectively in accordance with the
teaching of Quran and Sunah.
5. Protection to Minorities
Adequate provisions shall be made for the minorities to profess, propagate and practice
their religions and develop their cultures and traditions.
6. Federal from of Government
Pakistan shall be a federation, in which provinces will enjoy autonomy within the
constitutional limits.
7. Fundamental Rights
Fundamental rights of freedom, equality, and property, expression of thought, belief,
worship and association shall be guaranteed to all the citizens of Pakistan.
8. Free Judiciary
Judiciary shall be independent and will work without any political and economic pressure.

9. National language
Urdu will be the national language of the country.

10. Protection of Boundaries of Pakistan

Protection of water, land and Air boundaries will be protected. It will be the responsibility of
the Government the take suitable steps for this purpose.
11. Source of law
It was mentioned in the Objective Resolution that source of law in Pakistan is Holy Quran
and Sunnah. No Law can be formed in Pakistan which is against Holy Quran and Sunnah.
12. Development of Backward Areas
It was mentioned in the Objective Resolution in 1949 that remote or backward area should
be developed equally to other developed areas of the country.

13. Answerable Government

It was mentioned in the Objective Resolution in that Pakistan would be free & independent
state. Government of the Pakistan would be bound to make the decisions according to the
public opinion and answerable to the people.
14. Democratic System of Government
In 1949, it was declared that democratic system of Government would be established in
Pakistan according to the Islamic concepts.
15. National Development
It was also declared in 1949 that the people of Pakistan would be completely independent.
Government should provide equal opportunities to the people, for economic and social
development of the people. Government will take all possible steps in this regard.

Conclusion
Objective Resolution was the first step towards Islamization in Pakistan. No-doubt Objective
Resolution has a great importance in the constitutional history of Pakistan because all the questions
related to the rights of the minorities, basic rights of the people and nature of constitution were
described in it.

Write down the Islamic Provisions of Constitution of 1973.

Ans. General Yayah Khan took over the country on 25th March 1969 and General Elections were held
in the country in 1970. After the General Elections the situation became violent. East Pakistan
separated from the federation and became Bangladesh on 16th December 1971.

Constitution of 1973
After the separation of East Pakistan in 1971, the Military Regime transferred the power to
Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto on December 20, 1971, who imposed interim Constitution in the country
on April 12, 1972. Then a draft of permanent Constitution was presented before the
Assembly and it was approved in April 1973. The constitution was enforced on August 14,
1973. This constitution was consisted of 280 clauses, which was Federal Parliamentary in
nature.
Islamic Provisions of Constitution of 1973
All the Islamic provisions of the previous constitutions were included in the Constitution of
1973. Some more Islamic provisions were also added, which are as under:
1. Sovereignty of Allah The Objective Resolution was included in the preamble of the
Constitution of 1973. According to which sovereignty- over the whole world belongs to Allah.
The people of Pakistan will exercise the sovereignty within the limits as a sacred trust of
Allah.
2. Country‟s Name The country‟s name will be Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
3. Official Religion of the State The official religion of the country will be Islam.
4. Muslim President and Prime Minister: The President and Prime Minister of Pakistan
will be Muslims, who believe in oneness of Allah and the finality of the Prophet Hood of
Muhammad (SAW).
5. Definition of a Muslim For the first time, the definition of a Muslim was included in the
Constitution of 1973. A person who does believe in oneness of Allah, the absolute finality of
Prophet Hood of Muhammad (PBUH), the day of Judgment and divine Books of Allah, is a
Muslim‟.
6. Protection of Islamic Laws All the existing laws will be brought into conformity with
Islamic principles and no law will be enforced, which is repugnant to the teachings of Islam.
7. Compulsory Islamic Teachings & Quran The teaching of Quran and Islamic studies
will he made compulsory in schools and colleges.
8. Teaching of Arabic and printing of Quran The teaching of Arabic will be compulsory
from 6 to 8 classes in schools and printing of Quran will be made error free.
9. Islamic Values Islamic values for example, democracy, equity, liberty and equality will be
the main objectives of the Constitution.
10. Islamic Society The Muslims will be allowed to lead individually or collectively in accordance
principles of Islam to form an Islamic society

11. Zakat and Usher According to the Constitution of 1973, the government will establish
the system of Zakat and Usher by establishing the Zakat & Usher Councils.
12. Elimination of Riba (Usury or Interest) The government will eliminate Riba and make
the economy of the country free from Riba.
13. Islamic Ideology Council The Islamic Ideology Council will be established, which will
guide the legislature to make the laws in accordance with Islamic teachings and bring the
existing.
14. Unity of Islamic World:
Government will give full intension towards the unity of Muslim world.
15. Protection to Minorities
Government will provide full right to the Minorities they spend their lives according to their
own religion and culture.
16. End of Racial & Provincial Discriminations
The government will try to eliminate Racial, Provincial, Communal and other discriminations
from the country.
17. End of Illiteracy
The Government will take certain steps to eliminate the illiteracy from the country.
Education will be declared free & compulsory in Pakistan. Government will also take
suitable steps for the adult education in the country.
18. Welfare State
Pakistan will be a welfare state. Government tried its best to eliminate the poverty &
illiteracy in the country. And basic facilities like food, shelter & cloth shall be provided to the
people.
19. National language
Urdu will be the national language of the country.
20. Free Judiciary
Judiciary shall be independent and will work without any political and economic pressure.
21. Protection of Ideology of Pakistan
It is mentioned in the constitution of 1973 that President, Prime Minister, Federal Minister,
Speaker, Deputy Speaker, Chairman Senate, Deputy Chairman Senate, Provincial
Governors, Chief Minister, Provincial Speakers, Provincial Deputy Speakers & Provincial
Minister will take Oath to be loyal with the ideology of Pakistan and the Islamic Ideology.
22. Objective Resolution as the Permanent Part of the Constitution
In 1985, General Zia-ul-Haq made an amendment in the constitution and Objective Resolution
declared the permanent part of the constitution.

Suspension of Constitution of 1973

Constitution of 1973 was suspended by General Zia-ul-Haq in 1977 and he imposed the 3 rd Martial
Law in the country. General Zia-ul-Haq re-activated this constitution in 1985. Later on this
constitution again suspended by Pervaiz Musharaf in his regime twice partially in 1999 and 2007.

Describe the importance of Location of Pakistan.

Ans. Pakistan is a new state. It came into being one 14 August 1947. It is a traditional
society with a low literacy rate trying to acquire modern technology. It is a developing
country with a high rate of population growth. It has in the recent past been heavily
burdened with foreign debt. It has an unfavourable balance of trade, although the
manufacturing sector is growing. The past 9/11 events have coincided with marco-stability
and an economic breakthrough.
Pakistan is the Land of Pure, is strategically placed all the crossroads of Asia. The official
name of the state is Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Capital of Pakistan is Islamabad but the
first capital of Pakistan was Karachi from 1947 to 1959. Then President of Pakistan Ayub
Khan shifted the capital from Karachi to Islamabad in 1959.
LOCATION OF PAKISTAN
Pakistan is located between 23½ degree North to 37 degree North and 61 degree East to
77 degree East as far as the latitudinal and longitudinal extents are concerned.
Geo-Strategic Position:
Pakistan is surrounded by various countries:
East………………………………………..India
West & North West ……………………..Afghanistan
South West Iran …………………………Iran
North…………………………………..….China
South………………………………..……Arabian Sea
AREA OF PAKISTAN
Pakistan came into being on August 14, 1947. Its official name is Islamic Republic of
Pakistan. It has an area of 7,96,096 square kilometers. Area of Pakistan is four times as
larger as UK and one fourth of the size of India. 58% area of Pakistan is consists of
Mountains and plateaus, while 42% area of Pakistan consists of plains and deserts.
POPULATION
According to censes of 1998 total population of Pakistan was 14 Crore 23 Lacs & Eighty Thousand
and the current population is more than 15 Crore. 98% of the total population is Muslim while 2%
Christians, Hindus, Parisis and Ahmadis also live in this country and density of population in Pakistan
is 164 persons per sq. km.