Assignment

Sankshipta P. Kand

2018013352
Rice :
1. Nitrogen :

_ Stunted growth and yellowish plants.

_ Leaves of whole plants are yellowish green.

_ Old leaves sometimes all leaves become light green.

_ Deficiency symptoms first appear at the tip and progress along the midrib until the entire leaf is dead.

_ Tips become chlorotic. Leaves narrow, short, erect and lemon-yellowish green.

2. Phosphorus :

_ Plants stunted with reduced tillering.

_ Leaves narrow, short, very erect ‘dirty’ dark green.

_ Older leaves turn brownish red and purple colors develop in leaves.

_ Stems thin and spindly.

_ Poor tillering/branching.

_ Poor root growth.

3. Potassium :

_ Dark green plants with yellowish.

_ Brown leaf margins and brown necrotic spots on the tips of older leaves.

_ Rusty brown spots on the panicles and poor grain formation.

_ Weak stem leads to lodging.

4. Calcium :

_ White or bleached, rolled, and curled tips of youngest leaves.

_ Necrosis along the lateral margins of leaves.

_ Old leaves turn brown and die.

_ Stunting and death of growing points.

5. Magnesium :

_ Leaf chlorotic with white tips.

_ Pale-colored plants with orange-yellow interveinal chlorosis on older leaves and later on younger
leaves.

_ Chlorosis progresses to yellowing and finally necrosis in older leaves in severe cases wavy and droopy
leaves.

_ Reduced number of spikelets and grain quality.

6. Sulphur :

_ Yellowing or pale green whole plant.

_ Young leaves chlorotic or light green colored with the tips becoming necrotic.

_ Lower leaves not showing necrosis.

_ Leaves pale yellow.

_ Effect on yield is more pronounced when S deficiency occurs during vegetative growth.

7. Iron :

_ Interveinal yellowing.

_ Chlorosis of whole leaves and emerging leaves.

_ Entire plants becomes chlorotic.

8. Zinc :

_ Dusty brown spots on upper leaves.

_ Stunted growth of plants.

_ Decreases tillering and increase spikelet sterility.

_ Leaf base of younger leaves become chlorotic brown and blotches/streaks on lower leaves.

9. Aluminum :
_ Orange-yellow interveinal chlorosis on leaves followed by leaf tip death and leaf margin scorch.

_ Necrosis of chlorotic areas during severe Al toxicity.

_ Stunted and deformed roots in susceptible cultivars.

10. Boron :

_ White and rolled leaf tips of young leaves.

_ Reduction in plant height.

_ Death of growing points, but new tillers continue to emerge during severe deficiency.

_ Plants unable to produce panicles if affected by B deficiency.

Wheat :
1. Nitrogen : Pale green plants with pale yellow older leaves.

2. Phosphorus : Dark green plants, often with purple color; oldest leaves may be dark yellow to orange
turning to brown.

3. Potassium : Pale green plants with a limp or wilted appearance; bright yellow chlorosis turning brown
along the margins of the oldest leaves.

4. Magnesium : Green yellow plants with yellow interveinal chlorosis turning to brown necrosis on the
middle leaves.

5. Zinc : Stunted, pale green plants with localized white to pale yellow chlorosis, turning to brown or
gray necrotic lesions.

6. Iron : Yellow leaves with prominently green veins.

7. Sulphur : Pale yellow plants; uniformly yellow leaves without necrosis.

8. Calcium : Flag leaf is twisted or curled.

Maize :
1. Sulfur (S): Youngest leaves show a yellow striping, particularly at the leaf margin because S is not
easily translocated within the plant.

2. Nitrogen (N): Oldest leaves turn pale or yellowish-green and develop an inverted “V” or spear shaped
discoloration starting at the tip of the leaf and extending toward the leaf base.

3. Phosphorus (P): Leaves on young plants may appear purplish.

4. Zinc (Zn): Interveinal chlorosis on the upper leaves can occur with veins, midrib, and leaf edges
remaining green. Bands or stripes develop on either side of the midrib and leaves may turn nearly white
if the deficiency intensifies. Stunted plants may be apparent because of shortened internodes.

5. Magnesium (Mg): Plants initially become pale because of a shortage of chlorophyll. Severe
deficiencies result in leaves developing full length striping with green veins and yellow tissue between
the veins. Lower leaves develop striping first.

6. Potassium (K): Leaf edges can become yellow and brown.

Sugarcane :
1. Nitrogen : Die back of older leaves. Leaf blades turn light green to yellow. Short and slender stalks.
Tips and margins of older leaves become necrotic.

2. Phosphorus : Red and purple discolouration of tips and margins, Slender leaves. Short sand slender
stalks. Poor or no tillering.

3. Potassium : Yellow-orange chlorosis of leaf borders & tips. Stalks slender. Older leaves brown or “fi
red”. Spindles distorted producing “bunched top” or “fan’ appearance.

4. Calcium : Mottling and chlorosis of older leaves. Spindles often become necrotic at the leaf tip and
long margins. Rusty appearance and premature death of older leaves.

5. Magnesium : Mottled or chlorotic appearance at the tip and margins. Red necrotic lesions resulting in
“rusty” appearance. Internal browning of rind.

6. Sulphur : Chlorotic young leaves. Narrower and shorter leaves with faint purplish tinge. Slender stalks.

7. Copper : Green splotches with leaves eventually showing bleaching. Stalk and meristems lack
turgidity. Reduced inter-nodal length and tillering.

8. Iron : Varying degrees of chlorosis. Interveinal chlorosis from tip to base of leaves.

9. Manganese : Occurrence of interveinal chlorosis from leaf tip towards the middle of leaf. Bleaching of
leaves under severe deficiency.

10. Boron : Distorted leaves. Formation of translucent lesions or water sacks along leaf margins. Brittle
and bunched with many tillers. Death of apical meristem.

Sorghum :
1. Iron : Symptoms are prominent interveinal chlorosis or necrosis; veins are prominent over length of
leaf.

2. Nitrogen : Pale green plants; chlorosis or necrosis advance from the leaf tip along the midrib.
3. Phosphorus : Dark green plants; dark yellow chlorosis advancing along purple color.

4. Potassium : Dark green plants with chlorosis along the leaf margins developing to brown striping and
necrosis.

5. Magnesium : Green-yellow plants with dark yellow interveinal chlorosis advancing to rust-brown
necrosis.

6. Sulfur : Pale yellow plants; uniformly yellow leaves without necrosis.

7. Zinc : Pale green plants; white to pale yellow bands in the lower half of the leaf which advance to pale
brown or gray necrosis.

Soybean :
1. Nitrogen : Nitrogen-deficient soybean plants appear pale-green to yellow with leaves maintaining
dark-green veins (interveinal chlorosis).

2. Phosphorus : plants may appear stunted, have small leaves, and may have interveinal reddening on
lower leaves.

3. Potassium : deficiency appears first on the oldest leaves as a yellowing of outer leaf margins.

4. Calcium : The newest soybean leaves appear necrotic if a deficiency occurs.

5. Magnesium : Deficiency symptoms (pale-green leaves with interveinal yellowing) appear first on older
leaves .

6. Sulfur : When S is deficient, growth is reduced, maturity is delayed, protein formation is reduced, and
foliage becomes pale-green to yellow with non-prominent veins.Sustained deficiencies can result in
leaves becoming pale-brown to bronze.

7. Boron : Deficiency appears as yellowed leaves with curled leaf tips, interveinal chlorosis, tip dieback,
and stunted roots. Flowering can stop under severe deficiency conditions.

8. Copper : Deficiency symptoms include reduced nodulation and N fixation, delayed flowering and
maturation, pollen sterility, necrosis of leaf tips and stems, and yellowing of leaves.

9. Iron : Deficiency symptoms include yellowing between the veins of the newest leaves and reduced
nodulation and nitrogen fixation. The symptoms are generally referred to as iron deficiency chlorosis
(IDC).

10. Manganese : Deficiency symptoms include interveinal yellowing with veins remaining dark.
Symptoms resemble Fe deficiency; however, Mn deficiency appears across the whole plant.
BRINJAL :
1. Nitrogen : Plants remain stunted and unbranched and turn pale green. The leaves are markedly small
in size and stiff in texture.

2.Phosphorus : Stunted growth of plants, but they remained normal green in colour. The fruits are small,
pale in colour and mature early.
3. Potassium : Stunted growth of plants. Marked reduction in the number and size of leaves
4. Sulphur : Leaves turn pale yellow in colour. Plant growth is retarded. New leaves become narrow,
more pointed and chlorotic.
5. Calcium : The symptom appear first on young leaves as chlorotic patches. Margins of young leaves
become yellow. The stems are thick and woody.

6. Iron : Initially iron deficiency results in interveinal chlorosis near the base of older leaves. If deficiency
continues entire leaf including veins exhibit chlorotic symptoms.
7. Manganese : The mottled area turn yellow, while the vein remain green. Mottling is followed by
numerous small, dark brown necrotic spots on the leaf.

8. Boron : Severe stunted growth of plants. Leaves remain small, stiff and leathery.
9. Zinc : Appears in older leaves in the form of interveinal chlorosis which later spread upwards to
younger leaves. It inhibits both vegetative growth and fruit production.
10. Copper : Stunted in plant growth. Dark green leaves which become curled with severe scorching.
CHILLI :
1. Nitrogen : Results in yellowing. Stunted growth
2. Phosphorus : Deficiency of phosphorus delays flowering and maturity. Leaves are small and dark
green. Margins tend to curl upwards and inwards.
3. Potassium : Deficiency results in restricted plant growth. Small reddish brown spots develop on
leaves. These spots spread from the leaf tip. Interveinal and marginal yellowing of the leaves may also
develop in addition to spotting.
4. Sulphur : Leaves turn pale yellow in colour. Growth is restricted. New leaves become narrow and
more pointed.
5. Calcium : Margins of young leaves become yellow. Pale brown sunken areas develop on the 1. fruit
near the blossom end.

6. Magnesium : At later stages, lower leaves develop characteristic interveinal chlorosis from margin
inwards in a typical inverted 'V' shaped. Leaves ultimately turned to yellow.
7. Manganese : Young leaves become bright yellow green and develop dark brown interveinal areas.
Small, white diffuse yellow areas develop on the mature leaves.
8. Copper :Growth is restricted. Plants remain dark green. Leaf size is reduced.
9. Boron : Yellowing on the tips of the mature leaves. Spreads around margins.
10. Zinc : Deficiency symptoms first appear in newly formed leaves at 20 to 30 days of age. Small purple
areas develop which may turn brown.