Assignment #02

IRRIGATION AND HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES

SUBMITTED TO:
SIR HARIS

SUBMITTED BY:
DANISH

REGISTRATION NO:
BSCET01183034

SECTION:
CV-6-D

THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE

DEPARTMENT OF TECHNOLOGY (CIVIL DIVISION)
 1. MANGLA DAM

The Mangla Dam (Urdu: ‫بند‬ ‫)منگال‬ is a

multipurpose dam situated on the Jhelum River in
the Mirpur District of Azad Jammu and
Kashmir, Pakistan. It is the seventh-largest dam in the
world. The village of Mangla, which sits at the mouth
of the dam, serves as its namesake. In November
1961, the project's selected contractors were revealed;
it was announced that Binnie & Partners,
a British engineering firm, were going to serve as the
lead designers, engineers and inspectors for
construction of the dam (led by Geoffrey Binnie).
The project was undertaken by a consortium known
as the Mangla Dam Contractors, which consisted of
eight American construction firms sponsored by
the Guy F. Atkinson Company based in South San Francisco, California.

The Mangla Dam was the first of the two dams constructed to reduce this shortcoming and strengthen the
irrigation system of the country as part of the Indus Basin Project, with the other being the Tarbela
Dam situated on the Indus River in Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

COST

The Mangla Dam was constructed at a cost of ₨15.587 billion (US$1.473 billion) with funding being
provided by the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank

RESERVOIR

The dam was constructed between 1961 and 1965 across the Jhelum River in the Mirpur District of Azad
Jammu and Kashmir, about 108 kilometres (67 mi) southeast of the capital city of Islamabad. The Mangla
Dam components include a reservoir, main embankment, intake embankment, main spillway, emergency
spillway, intake structures, 5 tunnels and a power station. Besides the main dam, a dyke called Sukian –
17,000 feet in length and a small dam called Jari Dam to block the Jari Nala – about 11 miles beyond the
new Mirpur town had to be constructed.
 2. TARBELA DAM

Tarbela Dam (Urdu: ‫ربیال بند‬KKK‫ )ت‬is an earth-filled

dam along the Indus River in Pakistan's Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa province. Located in
the Haripur mainly and in some area of Swabi of
the province,[2] the dam is about 30 km (20 mi)
from the city of Swabi, 105 km (65 mi) northwest
of Islamabad, and 125 km (80 mi) east
of Peshawar. It is the largest earth-filled dam in the
world, and also the largest dam by structural
volume.

The dam was completed in 1976 and was designed

to store water from the Indus River
for irrigation, flood control, and the generation
of hydroelectric power. The dam is 143 metres
(470 ft) high above the riverbed. The dam's
reservoir, Tarbela Lake, has a surface area of
approximately 250 square kilometres (97 sq mi).

Tarbela Dam was constructed as part of the Indus Basin Project after signing of the 1960 Indus Waters
Treaty between India and Pakistan. The mid-1970s, power generation capacity was added in three
subsequent hydro-electrical project extensions which were completed in 1992, installing a total of 3,478
MW generating capacity.

FINANCING:
The loan had two components: The first is a $400 million International Development Association
loan which will be lent as a concessional loan at low interest rates. [29] The second portion consists of a
$440 million from the World Bank's International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
Pakistan's Water and Power Development Authority was to provide the remaining $74 million required
for construction, before the project's cost was downwardly revised by $277 million. Interest costs for the
loans are estimated to cost $83.5 million. Because of revised lower costs to $651 million from $928
million, the World Bank permitted Pakistani officials to expedite completion of the project by 8 months at
a cost of an additional $51 million. Pakistani officials were also permitted to divert $126 million towards.

3. WARSAK DAM

Warsak Dam was completed under the Colombo

Plan in two phases and financed by the Canadian
Government. The first phase was completed in
1960 and consisted of the construction of the
dam. Irrigation tunnels and installation of four
power generating units, each of 40 MW capacity
with 132 kV transmission system, were also
completed in 1960. Two additional generating
units of 41.48 MW capacity each were added in
1980-81 in the second phase.

ON WHICH RIVER: Warsak Dam (‫ک‬KK‫د ورس‬

‫;بند‬ Urdu: ‫ک ڈیم‬KK‫ )ورس‬is a mass concrete gravity
dam located on the Kabul River in the Valley of
Peshawar, approximately 20 km northwest of the
city of Peshawar in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

FINANCING:

Germany will loan 40 million euros to Pakistan for the rehabilitation of the Warsak hydroelectric power
station built over half a century ago on Kabul River in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. According to Water and
Power Development Authority, this is the second time that Warsak hydroelectric power station will be
renovated. They plan to overcome several problems, including regaining the capacity loss of 30MW with
reliable annual energy generation of 1,144GWh, upgrade and modernize the old system, and achieve
another life cycle of 30 to 40 years. The current rehabilitation work will be financed
by Germany, France and the European Union. Extension is being planned. Germany and France will loan
40 million euros each to Pakistan for the rehabilitation of the Dam. The total cost of the project is euro
162m and it is being co-financed with the German Development Bank (KfW), European Investment
Bank (EIB), French Agency for Development (AFD) and Pakistan government contributions.