Irrigation and Hydraulic Structure

Submitted To: Engr. Haris Asghar

Prepared By: Tamoor Ali
Registration No: BSCET-01183081
Section: CV-6 D
Division: Civil (Morning)

Department of Engineering & Technology

The University of Lahore
 Barrages in Punjab

1. Chashma Barrage
2. Head Balloki
3. Islam Barrage
4. Jinnah Barrage
5. Khanki Headworks
6. Marala Headworks
7. Panjnad Headworks
8. Qadirabad Headworks
9. Rasul Barrage
10. Sidhnai Headworks
11. Sulemanki Headworks
12. Mailsi Headworks
13. Taunsa Barrage
14. Trimmu Barrage
15. Mohammad wala Headwork
16. Ghazi Brotha Barrage

Head Balloki

Head Balloki or Balloki Headworks is a barrage on the Ravi

River in the Punjab, Pakistan. It was first built around in 1915
in British India as part of the 'Triple Canals Project' to feed
the Lower Bari Doab Canal. The canal turned in a profit of
24% within ten years (in 1928–29).

The Triple Canals Project was the second irrigation project to

be implemented in Punjab, the first being the Upper Bari Doab
Canal (UBDC) built in 1875. The Triple Canals project began
in 1905. It constructed three canals:

• the Upper Jhelum Canal (UJC) from Mangla

• the Upper Chenab Canal (UCC) from Marala
• the Lower Bari Doab Canal (LBDC) from Balloki.
• A few miles west of the village of Balloki, the Balloki Barrage was constructed. It was the
largest barrage of its kind in India at that time. It had a 1,647-foot-long weir with thirty-
five 12-metre-wide steel gates for regulating the water of Ravi. The Lower Bari Doab Canal
branched off on the left of the barrage. The canal started supplying water in 1912 and got
fully completed in 1917. It irrigated 877,000 acres of land in
the Montgomery and Multan districts. The total cost of the LBDC project was Rs. 22
million. It became profitable within 10 years.
Jinnah barrage
The Jinnah Barrage is a barrage on the River
Indus near Kalabagh, Pakistan. It is part of the Thal
Project which helps irrigate 770,000 ha (1,900,000 acres)
in the Sindh Sagar Doab east of the Indus. Planning for
the project dates back to the nineteenth century but final
plans for the barrage were made in 1919 and it was
constructed between 1939 and 1946. The barrage diverts
an average of 283 m3/s (10,000 cu ft/s) of water into the
51.5 km (32.0 mi) long Thal Canal where it serves areas
in Bhakkar, Khushab, Layyah, Mianwali and Muzaffargarh Districts with 3,362 km (2,089 mi) of
additional canal branches and distributors.
The barrage can discharge up to 27,000 m3/s (950,000 cu ft/s) downstream with 42 spillway gates
which are each 18.2 m (60 ft) wide.
In June 2012 a major rehabilitation project for the barrage began. The project includes the
construction of a weir 244 m (801 ft) downstream to help dissipate energy from the spillway
upstream of it. New guide banks will be built and existing ones repaired. The railway bridge
upstream will be rehabilitated as well. The project is expected to be complete in June 2016.

Marala barrage
Marala Headworks is a headworks situated on
the Chenab River near the city of Sialkot in Punjab,
Pakistan. A weir was first built during 1906–1912
in British India to feed the Upper Chenab Canal, as part
of the 'Triple Canals Project'. A new Marala Barrage was
constructed in 1968 to feed the Marala–Ravi Link
Canal in addition to the original Upper Chenab Canal.
The original headworks near Marala along with the Upper Chenab Canal were built as part of
the Triple Canals Project of British India during 1906–1912.[4] The canal was meant to irrigate an
area of 648,000 acres in the Gujranwala District as well as to transfer waters to the Ravi
River near Balloki. It was opened in 1912 and fully completed by 1917 at a cost Rs. 37 million.[2] It
became profitable in 1938–39.
Here the Marala Barrage was built across the river in 1968 with a maximum discharge of 1.1
million ft³/s (31,000 m³/s). Two major water channels originate at the Marala headworks—
the Marala ravi link canal and the Upper Chenab Canal.
Rasul barrage
Rasul Barrage is a barrage on the River
Jehlum between Jhelum District and Mandi Bahauddin
District of the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is
situated 72 km downstream of Mangla Dam.
The current structure of the barrage was constructed in
1968 and the old barrage (built by the British) has been
dismantled. The Punjab Irrigation Department's
Sargodha Zone is responsible for the operation of this
barrage. Rasul Barrage is used to control water flow in
the River Jhelum for irrigation and flood control purposes.
Rasul Barrage has a discharge capacity of 24070 cubic meter per second.[1] Water is diverted from
this point to Chenab River at Qadirabad through Rasul-Qadirabad link canal, then ultimately
transferred to Sulemanki Barrage on the Sutlej River.
This canal has culturable command area of 1.45 million acres and irrigates the districts of Mandi
Bahauddin and Sargodha. A small hydropower plant of 22 MW (two units of 11 MW each)
generation capacity was also put into operation on Upper Jhelum Canal at Rasul, Punjab in
December 1952 with average annual yield of 63 units (GWh).

Sulemanki barrage
Sulemanki Headworks is a headworks on the River
Sutlej near Okara, in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
Sulemanki Headworks is used for irrigation and flood
control.
Sulemanki Headworks is part of the Sutlej Valley
Project completed between 1922-1927 at the behest
of the Nawab of Bahawalpur, Amir Sadiq
Mohammed Khan V and the British Government. It
was an irrigation scheme to develop the neighbouring areas.
This headworks is located about 2 kilometres (1 mile) from the Indian border on the Sutlej River.
From here originate three major canals which supply irrigation water to a large area in Southern
Punjab and the Bahawalnagar district. The Upper Pakpattan Canal arises from its right bank and
two canals arise from the left.
Sulemanki Barrage was built during 1922-1927 with a designed discharge capacity of 325,000 cs
to irrigate vast tracts of fertile agricultural land lying on both sides of the Sutlej River.
 Dams in Pakistan
1. Mangla dam
2. Tarbela dam
3. Diamer-basha dam
4. Bunji dam

Mangla dam
The Mangla Dam is a multipurpose dam situated on
the Jhelum River in the Mirpur District of Azad
Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. It is the seventh-
largest dam in the world. The village of Mangla,
which sits at the mouth of the dam, serves as its
namesake. In November 1961, the project's selected
contractors were revealed; it was announced
that Binnie & Partners, a British engineering firm,
were going to serve as the lead designers, engineers
and inspectors for construction of the dam (led
by Geoffrey Binnie).
The discharge capacity of Mangla dam is 28000
cubic meters.
The Mangla Dam was constructed at a cost
of ₨15.587 billion (US$1.473 billion) with funding
being provided by the World Bank and the Asian
Development Bank.
The Mangla dam is a multipurpose dam on the river Jhelum in the Mirpur district of Pakistan. The
7th largest in the world, the dam is named after the nearby village of Mangla.
When it was completed, the dam structure rose 453 feet (138 metres) above ground level, was
about 10,300 feet (3,140 metres) wide at its crest, and had a volume of 85.5 million cubic yards
(65.4 million cubic metres). Along with its three small subsidiary dams, it had an initial installed
power capacity of at least 600 megawatts, which was increased to 1,000 megawatts in the mid-
1990s. Although its impounded reservoir originally had a gross capacity of about 5.9 million acre-
feet (about 7.3 billion cubic metres), the amount of water impounded gradually diminished because
of silting.
A five-year project, completed in 2009, raised the height of the dam by 30 feet (9 metres), raising
its storage capacity to some 7.4 million acre-feet (9.13 billion cubic metres).
Tarbela dam

Tarbela Dam is an earth-filled dam along

the Indus River in Pakistan's Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa province. Located in
the Haripur mainly and in some area of Swabi of
the province, the dam is about 30 km (20 mi) from
the city of Swabi, 105 km (65 mi) northwest
of Islamabad, and 125 km (80 mi) east
of Peshawar. It is the largest earth-filled dam in the
world, and also the largest dam by structural
volume.
The dam was completed in 1976 and was designed
to store water from the Indus River
for irrigation, flood control, and the generation
of hydroelectric power. The dam is 143 metres
(470 ft) high above the riverbed. The dam's
reservoir, Tarbela Lake, has a surface area of approximately 250 square kilometres (97 sq mi).
The primary objective of the dam was to supply water for irrigation by storing flows during the
monsoon period and subsequently releasing stored water during the low flow period in winter.The
installed capacity of the 4,888 MW Tarbela hydroelectric power stations will increase to 6,298
MW after completion of the planned fifth extension financed by Asian Infrastructure Investment
Bank and the World Bank.
Tarbela Dam, giant rock-fill dam on the Indus River, Pakistan. Built between 1968 and 1976, it
has a volume of 138,600,000 cubic yards (106,000,000 cubic m). With a reservoir capacity of
11,098,000 acre-feet (13,690,000,000 cubic m), the dam is 469 feet (143 m) high and 8,997 feet
(2,743 m) wide at its crest.

The project's cost was initially estimated to be $928 million, but the cost was revised downwards
to $651 million. The World Bank had agreed to provide an $840 million loan for the project in
June 2013.
The loan had two components: The first is a $400 million International Development Association
loan, which will be lent as a concessional loan at low interest rates. The second portion consists of
a $440 million from the World Bank's International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
Diamer-Basha Dam

Diamer-Bhasha Dam is a concreted-filled gravity

dam, in the preliminary stages of construction, on
the River Indus between Kohistan
district in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Diamer
district in Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan administered
Kashmir. Its foundation stone was laid by the then
Prime Minister of Pakistan in 1998. The dam site
is situated near a place called "Bhasha", hence the
name which is 40Km downstream of Chilas town
and 315Km from Tarbela Dam. The eight million
acre feet (MAF) reservoir with 272-metre height
will be the tallest roller compact concrete (RCC)
dam in the world.

Upon completion, Diamer-Bhasha dam would (i)

produce 4800 megawatts of electricity through hydro-power generation; (ii) store an extra 10.5
cubic kilometres (8,500,000 acre⋅ft) of water for Pakistan that would be used for irrigation and
drinking; (iii) extend the life of Tarbela Dam located downstream by 35 years; and (iv) control
flood damage by the River Indus downstream during high floods.
However, in response to using Basha Dam to sideline the Kalabagh Dam, Engineer Anwer
Khurshid has stated that "Bhasha dam is no substitute for Kalabagh dam not because of its altitude
which is high enough, but because no irrigation canals can be taken out from it because of the hilly
terrain. No canals can be taken out from any dam on the Indus except from Kalabagh Dam."
It is planned to have a height of 272 meters spillway with fourteen gates each 11.5 m × 16.24 m.
The gross capacity of the reservoir will be 10 cubic kilometres (8,100,000 acre⋅ft), with a live
storage of 7.9 cubic kilometres (6,400,000 acre⋅ft). Two underground powerhouses are being
proposed, one on each side of the main dam having six turbines on each side with a total installed
capacity of 4500 MW.

Spillways of the dam will comprise of 14 radial gates, each measuring 16.25m-high and 11.5m-
wide. The maximum water discharge capacity of each gate will be 18,128m³/s.
The Diamer Bhasha Dam, with a huge reservoir, will be located on the Indus River, in the Diamer
district of Pakistan's Gilgit-Baltistan province, approximately 315km upstream of the Tarbela Dam
and 40km downstream of the Chilas town.
Bunji dam

Bunji Dam is proposed large hydro-power

project on Indus River in Bunji, Gilgit
Baltistan, Pakistan. It is Pakistan's largest
hydropower project.
The feasibility study of the project was carried
out by joint consultant firms Artelia and Sogreah
Consultants of France, Nippon Koei of Japan and
Development, Mott MacDonald of UK and
Management consultants, DMC of Pakistan. The
Gravity RCC dam will be 190 m high and will
have an installed capacity of 7100 MW. In 2009,
Pakistan and China signed a MoU for the
construction of Bunji Dam. The accord was
signed between Ministry of Water and Power,
Pakistan and Three Gorges Project Corporation,
China. The construction cost of the dam is US$8.1 billion.
The project is located on Indus River near Gilgit. Power House and Dam sites are 560 km &
610 km, respectively from Islamabad.
Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) completed the Pre-Feasibility report in
March 2005. Consultancy agreement has been extended till September 2012. The Final Report was
expected to be finalized and issue till September 30, 2012. Ministry of Water and Power intended
to implement the project through PPIB. Bunji Consultants JV is to complete the Design Report,
preparation of Tender Documents and PC-I considering the completed and ongoing investigation
up to September 30, 2012. Transmission Scheme for Dispersal of Power from Bunji Hydropower
Project to Major Load Centers in the National Grid. The Estimated Cost of US$8.1 billion.
In May 2013, Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) completed the engineering
design and tendered documents of the 7,100 megawatt (MW) Bunji Hydropower Project.
Bunji Dam a large hydro-power project on Indus River in Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.