A.

PRECISION DETERMINATION BASED ON REPEATABITY ( RSD )OBTAINED FROM 5 READINGS ON THE SAME SAMPLE O
B. PRECISION DETERMINATION BASED ON INTERMEDIATE PRECISION( RSD) OBTAINED FROM 5 READINGS ON THE SAM
C. ACCURACY DETERMINATION BASED ON THE MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS
C1 Sources of Uncertainty:
Uncertainty due to Repeatability of Test
Uncertainty due to CRM used
Uncertainty due to the Instrument used
C2 Classification in to Type 'A" i.e Random and "B" i.e. Systematic Error
C3 Calculation of Type 'A" Uncertainty, U A which is due to Repeatability Test (Random Error)
C4 Caculation of Type "B" Uncertainty which is due to Systematic Errors - U B
C5 Combined Uncertainty Uc
C6 Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP

1. Ni in Low Alloy Steel

A B
analysed analysis analysed
s.no. Conc (%) Conc (%) analysis date
by date by
1 0.0026 Siddhesh 11.12.2018 0.0026 P S Shende 13.12.2018
2 0.0024 Siddhesh 11.12.2018 0.0025 P S Shende 13.12.2018
3 0.0025 Siddhesh 11.12.2018 0.0027 P S Shende 13.12.2018
4 0.0022 Siddhesh 11.12.2018 0.0026 P S Shende 13.12.2018
5 0.0023 Siddhesh 11.12.2018 0.0023 P S Shende 13.12.2018
mean 0.0024 mean 0.00254
SD 0.0001581 SD 0.0001517
RSD 6.5880785 RSD 5.97076806618233

C4 a UB1 = Uncertainty associated with CRM used. (CRM )

UB1 = 0.0006 (from Calibration Certificate at 95% CL with a coverage factor, k=2)
The Standard Uncertainty =UB 1/2 (Assuming normal distribution)

UB1 = 0.0003
Degree of Freedom is = ∞
b. UB2 = Uncertainty due to the Instrument used (SPECTROLAB LAV M11)
UB2 = 0.0008 (Detection limit of Ga)
The Standard Uncertainty = UB 2/√3 (Assuming Rectangular distribution)
UB2 = 0.000462
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

C5 UC = √ (UA)² + (UB1)² + (UB2)²

UC = 0.000550769615
C6 Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP = k x UC = 0.001102
~ 0.001 k is a coverage factor = 1.96 at 95%CL
Reporting :the measured value for Ga is 0.0091
The reported expanded Uncertainty in measurement is stated as the standard Uncertainty in measurment multiplied by co
ON THE SAME SAMPLE ON THE SAME DAY BY THE SAME ANALYST
READINGS ON THE SAME SAMPLE ON THE SAME DAY BY THE DIFFERENT ANALYST

st (Random Error)

C3
Reading Mean (X) Deviation (Xi-X)² Std. Deviation Uncertainty
Sr no
σ - √∑ (Xi-X)²
(Xi) Value (Xi-X) UA
n-1
1 0.0083 0.0091 -0.0008 0.00000061 0.0003936822 0.0000787
2 0.0083 0.0091 -0.0008 0.00000061
3 0.0087 0.0091 -0.0004 0.00000015
4 0.0089 0.0091 -0.0002 0.00000003
5 0.0088 0.0091 -0.0003 0.00000008
6 0.0085 0.0091 -0.0006 0.00000034
7 0.0088 0.0091 -0.0003 0.00000009
8 0.0088 0.0091 -0.0002 0.00000006
9 0.0089 0.0091 -0.0002 0.00000004
10 0.0089 0.0091 -0.0001 0.00000002
0.0090 0.0091 -0.0001 0.00000001
0.0090 0.0091 0.0000 0.00000000
0.0091 0.0091 0.0000 0.00000000
0.0091 0.0091 0.0001 0.00000000
0.0092 0.0091 0.0001 0.00000001
0.0092 0.0091 0.0002 0.00000002
17 0.0093 0.0091 0.0002 0.00000004
18 0.0093 0.0091 0.0003 0.00000007
19 0.0094 0.0091 0.0003 0.00000009
20 0.0094 0.0091 0.0004 0.00000013
21 0.0095 0.0091 0.0004 0.00000017
22 0.0095 0.0091 0.0005 0.00000021
23 0.0096 0.0091 0.0005 0.00000026

24 0.0096 0.0091 0.0006 0.00000031

 25 0.0097 0.0091 0.0006 0.00000037
UA ∑ (Xi-X)² 0.00000372

surment multiplied by coverage factor,k=2 at 95%CL

C. ACCURACY DETERMINATION BASED ON THE MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY