8.

10 (a) Using standard notation we have

(rs)2 = s(s - a)(s - b)(s - c), or
16s2 = s(s - 14)(6)(8),
and s = 21. The required sides are then 21 - 6 = 15 and 21 - 8 = 13. This is not Pacioli’s method
of solving the problem; his solution is needlessly involved.
8.11 (b) 463 7/23.
(f) Profits are proportional to the time the money is in the service of the company as well as to
the amount.
(g) Over 16 percent.
8.14 (b) H = (3ac - b2)l9a2, G = (2b3 - 9abc + 21a2d)l21a\
(d) x = 4. The other 2 roots are imaginary.
8.15 (a) (3 ± V5)/2, (-5 ± V2l)/2.
(c) y3 + 15;y2 + 36y = 450, y6 - 6y4 - 144y2 = 2736.
8.16 (a) ./? <7 I_7? c I__R q 68 p 2__\m R c\_R q 68 m 2__I _I.
(b) ^4 + (— 11),/2 + ^4 - (-ll)l/2.
(c) A cub - B 3 in A quad + C piano 4 in A aequatur D solido 2.
8.17 (b) cos 50 = 16 cos5 0-20 cos3 0 + 5 cos 0.
(c) x = 243.
(d) X2 = (r — qx — px2 — x3)l(3x2 + 2px + q).
8.18 (a) 10.
(b) 28 beggars, $2.20.
(c) $92.
8.19 (a) Bombelli’s solution runs as follows. Denote the sought square by DEFG,
where D is on AB and G is on AC. Let the altitude AM of triangle ABC cut DG in N. By
Heron’s formula, the area of triangle ABC is 84, whence AM - 12. Let DG = \4x. Then AN = \
2x. It follows that 12jc + 14jc = 12, or jc = 6/13. The side of the square is then (14)(6/13) =
84/13.
(b) (BP)2 = (VC)2 = (AV)(VB). Placing a rectangular coordinate framework with origin at V
and positive jc-axis along VW, and representing the coordinates of P by (;c,y), we then have y2 =
px.
9.1 (a) See almost any text on college algebra or trigonometry.
(b) 1. Set y = \ogb N, z = loga N, w = loga b. Then by = N, az = N, aw = b,
whence a = bVyv, or az = bzlw = by. Thus, y = z/w.
2. Sety = log*, N and z = log^ b. Then by = N, Nz = b, whence N = bVz =
by. Thus, y = l/z.
3. Set y = logNb and z = logi/AKl/fr). Then Ny = b, (1 IN)Z = 1 lb, whence
N = \yMz = b\/y Thus y = Z.
(c) log 4.26 = 1/2 + 1/8 + 1/256 + • • • = 0.6294 ___
9.2 (b) cos c = cos a cos b.
(c) (1) A = 122°39', C = 83°5', b = 109°22\ (2) A = 105°36', b = 44°0', c = 78°46'.
9.3 Popsicle sticks or tongue depressors make excellent rods.
9.5 (a) Acceleration is the increase in velocity during a unit period of time.