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Fundamentals of Video
Compression
Other systems are only capable of capturing some of the 30 frames per
second and/or are only capable of playing back some of the frames.
second (film is 24 frames per second). Additionally these frames are split in
half (odd lines and even lines), to form what are called fields.
When a television set displays its analogue video signal, it displays the odd
lines (the odd field) first. Then is displays the even lines (the even field).
Each pair forms a frame and there are 60 of these fields displayed every
Fragment of the "matrix" After processing the fragment on the left by the
sequence (2 frames) FRC filter the frame rate increased 4 times
Colour Resolution
This second factor is a bit more complex. Colour resolution
refers to the number of colours displayed on the screen at one
time. Computers deal with colour in an RGB (red-green-blue)
format, while video uses a variety of formats. One of the most
common video formats is called YUV.
“Intra-Frame
Encoded”
Quantization Zig-Zag
• major reduction Scan,
• controls Run-length
„quality‟ coding
Loss of Resolution
Original (63 kb)
Low (7kb)
“Talking Head”
Temporal Redundancy
Reduction
Temporal Redundancy Reduction
MPEG-1 is a standard for lossy compression of video and audio. It is designed to compress
VHS-quality raw digital video and CD audio down to 1.5 Mbit/s (26:1 and 6:1
compression ratios respectively) without excessive quality loss, making Video CDs, digital
MPEG-1 has become the most widely compatible lossy audio/video format in the
The best-known part of the MPEG-1 standard is the MP3 audio format .
1. Systems (storage and synchronization of video, audio, and other data together)