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Grade Seven Social Science Notes

This document provides a summary of key topics in 7th grade Social Science relating to culture in Papua New Guinea. It outlines that culture includes traditions, beliefs, language, art and customs of a group. It discusses traditional kinship societies and leadership in PNG, and how modernization has influenced culture since the 1950s. It also summarizes how cultures change through interaction and the role of technology. The document then focuses on language as an important part of culture, outlining the main language groups in PNG and describing the three official national languages: Tok Pisin, Hiri Motu, and English.

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5K views2 pages

Grade Seven Social Science Notes

This document provides a summary of key topics in 7th grade Social Science relating to culture in Papua New Guinea. It outlines that culture includes traditions, beliefs, language, art and customs of a group. It discusses traditional kinship societies and leadership in PNG, and how modernization has influenced culture since the 1950s. It also summarizes how cultures change through interaction and the role of technology. The document then focuses on language as an important part of culture, outlining the main language groups in PNG and describing the three official national languages: Tok Pisin, Hiri Motu, and English.

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Bps Salvos Salvos
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© © All Rights Reserved
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  • Our Cultures: Explains how culture is developed within a society, highlighting traditional and modern cultures in Papua New Guinea.
  • Language and Culture: Explores the relationship between language and culture, focusing on language diversity in Papua New Guinea.
  • English: Details the role of English as an official language and its significance in social settings.

Salvation Army- Boroko Primary School

Grade Seven Social Science

Summary Notes- Term 1

Strand: Culture

Sub-Strand: Cultural Expressions

Outcomes: 7.3.1→ Identify and describe key elements of national culture.

7.3.2→ Appraise main influences that contribute to national development.

7.3.3→ Participate in national culture.

Topic: Our Cultures

- A society is a group of people who share the same culture. The way a particular group of people or
society lives at a particular time is called their Culture.

- Culture includes the ceremonies of the people of that culture, what they believe in, their language,
their stories, their songs, their dances, their customs and laws, their crafts, their art, their music, their
food and their way of transport.

01] TRADITIONAL CULTURE

A] Kinship Society.

- Societies in Papua New Guinea are kinship societies. This means that a person’s or family is more
important. Kin are descended from a common ancestor

B] Traditional Leadership -

- Men are the important people, except for some matrilineal societies [where the land rights are
inherited through the mother]

02] MODERN DAY CULTURE

- After 1950’s there was a change in Papua New Guinea Society.

- Papua New Guinea is described in the constitution as a Christian Country.

- Looking after others is a very important part of our societies. The Wantok system means people in
Papua New Guinea can get support from others in both rural and urban places.

Topic: HOW OUR CULTURES CHANGE:

- Cultures change when different cultures meet.

- Obsidian is a black, glassy-looking volcanic rock that can be split to give a sharp edge useful for cutting.

- Technology in the past was linked to everyday life. A culture was able to make the most of the
technology it needed with its own resources.
- A Subculture is a culture that is underneath or within the culture. It still belongs to the main culture.

Topic: LANGUAGE and CULTURE

- Language is a very important part of the culture. People need to be able to communicate to each other
to form a society. Language is used so that life of the society can be discussed, so that everyday things
such as food items can be named and so that songs can be sung and stories told.

- The languages of Papua New Guinea are called Vernaculars, mother tongues or Tok ples.

- The languages that come with the earliest settlers from 50 000 years ago are called non-Austronesian
languages.

- The other kinds of languages in Papua New Guinea are the Austronesian languages

- Linguists are people who study languages.

- Linguists have divided non- Austronesian languages into groups of languages which have some
similarities or the things that are the same about them. The biggest group is called Trans New Guinea.

- There are about 500 non-Austronesian languages in Papua New Guinea. Most of the Highlands people
speak a non- Austronesian language.

- Austronesian languages are spoken in many parts of the Coast of the main island, the islands in the
South-East, Bougainville and the Bismarck Archipelago.

NATIONAL LANGUAGES.

- A common language is one of the signs of a society. It is hard for Papua New Guineans to see
themselves as a united society because of the many different languages. At the time of Independence,
the government chose three national languages for Papua New Guinea. They are Tok Pisin, Hiri Motu
and English.

A] TOK PISIN

- Usually people who traded in colonial times could speak a little bit of their neighbours’ languages, so
that they could exchange goods. Tok Pisin started as a trade language.

B] HIRI MOTU

- Hiri Motu was used during the Australian Administration. It is sometimes called Police Motu, because it
was used by the magistrates and patrol officers.

- Hiri Motu is spoken by many people in the Gulf of Papua. It grew from the Hiri trade between Central
and Gulf. It is also a written language and there are radio broadcasts and speeches in Parliament using
the language.

C] ENGLISH

- English is the official language used for official records and the National Gazette, which is a small
newspaper that publishes information about Government.

End of the Notes…….. God Bless……….. Prepared By: Mr. Billy…… Social Science Teacher, 2021

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