Economía colombiana en tiempos de pandemia

Daniel Steven Gutiérrez León - Cristhian Camilo Duarte Martínez

RESUMEN

En este trabajo se muestra la información, estadísticas y gráficos, de cómo ha afectado el tema de la

pandemia en los empleos de los colombianos, y distintos sectores económicos del país, ya que se ha visto
degradada la economía de las microempresas colombianas.

Palabras clave: Covid 19, Empleos, cuarentena.

Colombian economy in pandemic times

ABSTRACT

This work shows the information, statistics and graphics on how the issue of the pandemic has affected the
jobs of Colombians, and different economic sectors of the country, since the economy of Colombian
microenterprises has been degraded.

Keywords: Covid 19, Jobs, quarantine.

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1. INTRODUCTION
The coronavirus pandemic has been spreading
exponentially worldwide, leaving a serious impact
on societies and the economy of developed and
underdeveloped countries. The main consequence
and the most serious of all, is the sanitary
emergency in public health at a general level, so
much so that to date it has been claiming the lives
of more than a million people in the world. Due to
the great difficulty in stopping the expansion, many
countries have chosen to take drastic measures to
reduce the impact of the coronavirus, in which
economic activity has had to be suspended almost
entirely; reducing production, consumption, and
tourism in most countries.
2. DISCUSSION
Many economic impacts have been developing due
to the spread of the coronavirus worldwide, despite
the great efforts of government officials and the
health sector to mitigate these impacts, the reality is
different; The outlook is bleak for different sectors
of the economy that do not find immediate solutions
to face the situation and choose to take measures
that, although they reduce the level of contagion,
directly affect the productivity and economic
activity of each country, and consequently that of
the other countries in the different economic
sectors.
Starting with the Fall of the major Stock Exchanges
globally, investors fear that the spread of the
coronavirus will destroy economic growth and that
government action will not be enough to stop the
decline. Changes in the stock markets can affect
many investments in pensions or individual savings
accounts. The London Stock Exchange, Wall Street,
and the Nikkei in Japan have been the most
affected. In response, the central banks of many
countries have reduced interest rates, to facilitate
credit and boost consumption and thus give the
economy a break, but the pandemic does not seem
2
to give up with the supply of goods and/or services
and its demand, and the measures taken seem to not
affect. For Latin America, the outlook is not
favorable either, the main stock exchanges of Latin
American countries have had significant losses, the
Colombian Stock Exchange lost 10.64% on
average, which generates concern in this market due
to the fall in prices of shares, depreciation and lower
investment in entities or companies such as
Bancolombia, Avianca and Ecopetrol that have
been affected
The COVID-19 pandemic and its economic
effects on women
Economic crises hit women the hardest. This is due
to the next pints:
● Women tend to earn lower wages.
● Women have fewer savings.
● The informal economy concentrates a much
higher number of women.
● Women have less access to social
protection.
● Women are more likely to be the ones to
undertake unpaid care and domestic work and
therefore have to leave the labor market.
● Most single-parent families are headed by
women.
Colombia lost 730,000 employment contracts in
September
The number of dependency labor relations (by
contract) totaled 8.57 million last September, which
represented a drop of 7.85% or 730,000 contracts
compared to the same month of 2019, when it
totaled 9.3 million, reported the Dane.
According to Dane, in September (5.87 million) the
number of labor relations fell again in Colombia
after three months in which it had been recovering,
since in May it was 8.51 million, in June it rose to 8
52 million, in July it stood at 8.59 million and in
August the figure reached 8.61 million.
Between January and September 2020, the country
has lost 481,472 dependent labor contracts, since in
January the figure was 9.05 million. The fall in %B3ximas%20semanas%20el,necesitar%C
contracts began to occur in April, the month in 3%A1%20ayuda%20adicional%20para%20
which the country was immersed in a strict bajar.
quarantine due to the coronavirus pandemic.
[2]https://www.infobae.com/america/colombia/20
“6.1% of the dependent labor relations and 3.2% of
21/01/13/desempleo-en-colombia-podria-ser-de-
the independent jobs presented new retirement in
111-en-2021/
September 2020; these percentages in August of the
same year were, respectively, 5.9% and 3.1%; in [3]https://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/estadistica
July they were 6.2% and 3.4%, and in June it had s-por-tema/mercado-laboral/empleo-y-desempleo
been 6.3% and 3.3% ”, said the Dane.
[4]https://www.banrep.gov.co/economia/pli/bie.p
df
The tourism industry is one of the sectors that has
been hit the hardest by the health emergency in the
vast majority of countries; Mandatory confinement,
air, and land mobility restrictions, added to the ANEXO:
closure of borders in several countries, causes great
Graphics
damage to the tourism and services sector since they
represent more than a quarter of the jobs in these
countries. By not generating income, the main
consequence will be an increase in unemployment

3. Conclusions

We realize that the unemployment situation in

Colombia is increasingly affected by the pandemic Fig.1. tasa global de participación
since many commercial premises and micro-
businesses have to close because they cannot open
due to the health restriction
But we must also know that the most important
thing is the life of Colombians and that if many
people die from the virus, it would also be chaotic
for the economy.
All companies and microenterprises must comply
with biosafety protocols to work and also protect
the lives of their employees and their customers. Fig.2 encuesta de hogares

4. REFERENCES
:

[1]https://www.semana.com/economia/econo
mia/articulo/desempleo-en-colombia-se-
mantendria-superior-al-10-en-
2021/202158/#:~:text=En%20las%20pr%C3