Modern History Final - Exam

SSC VEDA (A burning desire to achieve…)
Video: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCx9GW8jBcHZ_4Nj-X8lZZCw
Telegram: https://t.me/sscvedaa
Welcome to sscveda
Modern history notes for all ssc

cgl/chsl/cpo/stegno/mts
By Abha Mam
Revolt of 1857
Governor - Lord Canning
Reasons for revolt-
Dalhousie's doctrine of Lapse policy
Abolition of pensions
Most imp cause : Rifle had cow meat greace - mouth
29 march 1857: Mangal Pandey refused at

Barrackpore,calcutta (1st shot fired at Barrackpore, not
Meerut) He killed 2 british officers - Hugeson and Baugh
10 May 1857: Started at Meerut and mutiny gave slogan

"Delhi chalo" and "Maaro firango ko".Proclaimed
"Bahadur Shah Zafar as Sheheshaah"
Revolt spread to below areas and their leaders:
1) Delhi - Leader: Bahadur Shah Zafar and Bakht Khan

2)Kanpur - Leader: Nana Saheb and Tantiya Tope
3)Lucknow - leader : Begum Hazrat Mahal of Awadh
4)Jhansi - leader : Rani Laxmi bai (occupied by doctrine)
5)Allahabad - leader : Liyaqat Ali
6)Jagdishpur (Bihar) : Kuer singh and amar singh
7)Bareilly - Khan Bahadur Khan
Some imp notes:
1) Sir Huge Rose called Rani Laxmi Bai as bravest leader

2) V D Savarkar called it as " First war of independence"
3)Karl Marx called it as "The first war of independence
1857-89"
4) RC Majumdar called it as "The sepoy mutiny and

rebellion of 1857"
Outcomes of revolt:
Royal Darbaar at Allahbad in 1858- ended BEIC called
Magna Carta of People
India came under the rule of British govt or transfer to
british crown (Govt of India Act 1858)
and Viceroys were appointed
Doctrine of Lapse ended
Indian Penal Code 1858 introduced
First Viceroy of India: Lord Canning
--------------------------------------------------------------------
MODERATES ERA ( 1885-1905)

1885: INC (Indian National congress formed)

Viceroy: Lord Dufferin
Founder of INC: AO Hume at Gokuldas Tejpat Sanskrit
college(Bombay)
President of the session: W C Banerjee
72 delegates present
Moderates presented their demands through petitions
Leaders - Dada Bhai Naroji ( Congress word given by

him), AO Hume, Badruddin Tyabji, MG Ranade,
WC Banerjee, Surendra Nath Banerjee, Gopal Krishna
Gokhale, Ras Bihari Bose
EXTREMIST PHASE (1905-1919)
Leaders: Lal, Bal, Pal, Aurobindo Ghosh ( advocated

Adoption of swaraj)
Goal: complete independence
16 oct,1905: Partition of Bengal

Viceroy : Lord Curzon (Anti congress)
This day called as "National Mourning day"
"Amar Sonaar Bangla" song by Rabindranath tagore
1906: Lord Minto viceroy came

Muslim League formed in Dhaka by Agha Khan and
Salimullah. Revolution passed to
"All India Muslim league for muslims rights"
Dec 1906: Calcuutta INC session by Dadabhai Narouji

Goal of session:"Swaraj or self govt"
4 resolutions taken: Swadeshi, Swaraj, Boycott,
National education
1907: Surat split

Split of moderates and extremists

President of session: Ras Bihari Bose
1908: Tilak imprisoned and deported to Burma for 6 yrs

Pal and Lal left India and Aurobindo tool asylum in
Pondicherry
Extremists period came to standstill......Swadeshi movt

stopped
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------
1909: Indian council act 1909 - Morley Minto reforms
Britishers gave separate electorates for Muslims(6)
1911: Delhi Darbaar in honour of king George V and

Queen mary
Viceroy: Lord Hardinge
India capital shifted from Calcutta to Delhi
1913:Ghadar Party formed by Lala har Dayal @ san

francisco in canada
1914: Tilak released after 6 yrs and restarted "Swaraj"

World War I started (Great Britain, France, Russia) vs
(Germany, Austria,Hungary,Turkey)
Tilak and others wanted to suppress Britain but
needed mass movt- taxes increase, common people
agitated
Dec 1915: INC Bombay session

President : SP Sinha
Tilak and Annie Besant(Ireland) came together to
start Home Rule Movement(swaraj within British
empire) earlier independent of British empire
Now realisation for mass struggle and masses favoured
Extremists and extremists found
they wanted shield of moderates so britishers could not
suppress them, even Muslim league would left alone,
dey would be seperated, muslims cant grow under

britishers....
Dec 1916: Lucknow Pact (Lucknow)

Presided by : AC Mazumdar
Viceroy: Lord Chelmsford
Moderates + Extremists + Muslim League (but
separate electorates remained) and will put together
our demand.MOhd Ali Jinnah called as" ambassador of
hindu muslim unity" by Sarojini naidu ("nightingale of
INdia", 1st indian woman president of INC)
1917:Annie Besant arrested for 2 months and she

became popular
1917: Calcutta session

Presided by : Annie Besant( 1st woman president)
20 August 1917 : August Declaration by Chelmsford for

political reforms for Indians and allow self governing to
suppress all this.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------
GANDHI ERA ( 1915-1947)
born:2nd oct at Porbandar

Married to: Kasturba(at 13 yrs)
1891: after studies, returned to India but Dada Abdullah

called him to South Africa
to be his legal advisor but Gandhiji faced racial
discrimination(cinema thrown out)
Started Satyagraha at Johnasburg) for Harijan welfare
Books:
Hind Swaraj
Experiments with truth

Satyagraha in South Africa
Newspaper:
Indian opinion in South Africa
Political Guru: GK Gokhale
9 Jan 1915: Return of Gandhi to INdia on call of his guru

so, NRI day celebrated day since 2003
1916: Founded Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad
a) 1917: Champaran Satyagraha- Bihar for Indigo

plantation
b)1918: Ahmedabad Mill Strike - to increse 35% wages
c)1918: Kheda Satyagraha - crop fail still paying tax(
associated with Vallabh Bhai)
Now he was familiar with INdians.....
1919: Rowlatt Act

Viceroy: Lord Chelmsford
Without trial put to jails for revolutionary crimes- no
trial in court; control press.Gandhiji called it Black Law
1919: Gandhiji started Satyagraha Sabha to awaken

masses. Brigadier General Dyer got scared
13 April,1919: Jallianwala Bagh massacre(Amritsar)- A

large crowd gathered to protect arrest of leaders
Saifuddin Kitchlew and Satyapal.General Dyer ordered
to shoot all 379
Rabindranath ji returned his Knighthood to show his
anger
2 committees formed to evaluate this-

a)Hunter commission (1919):Dyer was sent to England

and called "Lion of British empire"
b)Madan Mohan Malviya Committee (1919): gave
petition to hand Dyer but no one heard
(In 1940: Sardar Udham Singh murdered Dyer in
England)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1919 :Congress session at Amritsar
President: JL Nehru
Condemned Jallianwala Bagh massacre Supported
Khilafat Movement by Shaukat Alii and Mohammad Ali
(Ali brothers in 1919)
Govt Of India Act 1919- Montague Chelmsford Reforms

(Montague -secretary of state,Chelmsford - Viceroy)
At centre- 2 houses - Upper house and lower house (via

direct election)
At provinces - Dyarchy system; list was introduced in 2
categories :
Transferred sujects & Reserved subjects (only
governor)
Only a bit involvement of Indians in transferred subjects
To review it only, Simon Commission
1920: Khilafat conference in Calcutta

Presided by :Maulana Abul Kalam Azad and he
decided to support non cooperation
Khilafat day celebrated
Now all started to pariticipate in Non cooperation-

hindu musllim unity
June 1920: All inida conference @ Allahbad

Boycott accepted
1 Aug 1920 :Tilak died
Sept 1920 @ Calcutta: Started Non cooperation movt
1922: Chauri Chaura incident

Police firing at Gorakhpur(Chauri chaura), burnt
whole police station
Congress committee @ Bardolil and gandhiji ended non

cooperation movt.
Gandhiji arrested for 6 years
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1923: After Gandhiji arrest in 1922, Swarajya Party

formed by Nehru ji(secretary) and CR Das(president)
@ Allahbad with aim to fight elections and struggle
in councils
To check effectiveness of Dyarchy, 3 committees

formed:]
1)1924 : Muddiman Committee (Chairman- Alexander

Muddiman and he said time to short to
implement Dyarchy 1919)
2)1927: Simon commission (7 members)- head John

Simon
Viceroy: Lord Irwin
Lala lajat rai died and bhagat singh,azad and rajguru
took revenge and killed Saunders in 1928
Report in 1930:
Nothing stated for dominion status in its report in 1930

Rejected power at centre
3)Butler commission
Relation of states with britain enquiry
Indians gave there report how iNdian constitution

should be?
Aug 1928: Motilal Nehru report
Dominion status should be given

Freedom of religion
Mixed electorates
Reservation of minority should be on population based
not community based
Mohd Jinnah opposed Nehru report and present
1929: 14 points of Jinnah in Delhi

Muslim - separate electorates

Muslim should not be less than 1/3
1928: Congress session @calcutta

President - Motilal nehru ji
Nehru report accepted here
It was said 1 year time to accept dominion status else
Civil disobedience movt start
1929: Foreign cloth boycott

Bomb exploded at central legislative assembly by
Bhagat singh
1929: Lord Irwin said Dominion status was our goal in

1917 declaration, we will get it
Simon commission report was not final
Round table conference would be final authority
Delhi manifesto-
RTC should give them dominion status with congress in
majority
Irwin rejected
1929: Lahore session

President: Jawahar Nehru (son)
Goal: Poorna swraj or complete independence
Boycott RTC
Civil disobedience to be launched
26 jan 1930: 1st independence day (swaraj divas)

31 dec 1929: Tricolor flag hoisted at ravi river bank
----------------------------------------
11 point ultimatum by Gandhi to Irwin:

salt tax abolish, taxes reduce, land revenue tax reduce
etc
Gandhiji waited 40 days, so started civil disobedience
movt (no rules follow)
1930 - 1934: Civil disobedience movement

Governor : Irwin
12 March 1930 to 30 April 1930: Dandi March
From Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi in Gujarat 240 miles

Broke salt law (duty on tax ended)
First round table conference: November 1930 to

january 1931
At London
Congress boycotted but no decision without Congress
So gandhi Irwin pact signed by the effort of Tej Bahadur

Sapru ;Salt tax abolished
Gandhi stopped civil disobedience movement and
participated in round table conference
23 march 1931: Bhagat Singh , rajguru and Sukhdev

hanged as they threw bomb at central legislative
assembly 1929
1931: Karachi session
President: Vallabhbhai Patel

Purna Swaraj reiterated

Gandhi Irwin pact accepted
Resolution of fundamental rights<<
September - december 1931: Second round table

conference
At London
Gandhi ji demanded dominion status but others
Demanded for separate electorates
So deadlock ....
Gandhi was jailed again

Civil disobedience movement resumed
Edwin gone
Lord Wellington came
November- december 1932: Third round table

conference
Congress boycotted
Ramsay MacDonald gave communal award 1932 -

separate electorate what different section- muslim sikh,
women, christian
This became Government of India Act 1935
Gandhi went on fast in Yerwada jail
1932: Poona pact between Gandhi Ambedkar and

Madan Mohan Malviya
Joint electorates for minorities (Harijans)
1933: Gandhi worked on Harijan issue(Harijan

newspaper)
1934: Civil disobedience movt withdrawn

------------------------------------------------------------
1935: Govt of india act 1935
Provinces: Provincial list (election in provinces will take

place- Indians can rule), federal list (Transferred and
reserved subjects)
, concurrent list
1937: Elections took place

Congress won 6 provinces and Muslim League defeated
badly but didnot share power with muslims
Muslims realized that muslims are not electing them.
So, they are not representing muslims
1936: session@lucknow
JLNehru said- socialism should be goal of

congress(socialism , where all decisions are taken by
govt)
1938, 1939: Subhash chandra bose president
1939 to 1945- WW2 started-

Allied powers (UK, france, USA, Russia, China); Axis
powers ( Germany, Italy , Japan)
Britian wanted India to support India
Gandhiji said we would support only if we are given
freedom
Lord Linlithgow rejected and started divide and rule

policy
1940:
Muslim League @ Lahore - said muslims majority should

be given independent states
1940 :August offer :Hitler was winning and Britishers

needed Indians
So, Lord Linlithgow offered:

Dominion status
Veto power to minority
So dyarchy at centre now
Gandhiji rejected but muslims loved veto power
So,
Oct 1940 : Individual satyagraha or Delhi chalo
movement
1st person: Vinoba Bhave

2nd person: JLN
many more satyagrahi
Japan reached Rangoon....
1942: Cripps mission 1942- sent by Winston churchill

Stafford cripps came to India to give dominion status
after war
Gandhiji termed it as a post dated cheque on a
crumbling bank
Congress rejected
8 Aug 1942: Quit India resolution passed @ Bombay

session
Non violence struggle by Gandhiji

Gandhiji said we want only freedom and "Do or die"
INA (indian national army) :March 1942
Indians form Indian Independence League in japan

Tokyo conference presided by RasBihari Bose
INA formed by: Captain Mohan singh (Singapore)

Subhash Chandra Bose joined INA
Political guru of Bose ji- CR das
Bose founded forward bloc
Supported by Rabindra nath Tagore and he called Bose
- "Deshnayak"
Formed "Azad Hind Fauz" at singapore; assisted by Ras
Bihare Bose
Subhash became Netaji and gave slogan "Jai Hind"
INA lost in 1944-45
WW2 ended
12 Nov - INA day as INA soldiers were to be trialed at

Red Fort- Prem Sehgal and Gurdial Singh Dhillion
Widespread protest and govt had to release them
Gandhiji called Subhash ji - Price among patriots
1944: CR formula
By C Rajgopalchari - plebiscite between north west and

east, where muslims were in majority.If majority
decides separate state, decision should be accepted.
Jinnah objected as he wanted to accept two nation
theory and wanted muslims of northwest and east of
india to vote
1944:Karachi session of Muslim league- slogan adopted

- Divide and quit
1945: Lord Wavell Plan @ Shimla Conference
To remove deadlock between Muslim and congress

Offered interim govt till constitution formed:
a)executive council of indian ministers only(except
viceroy and commander in chief)
b)hindu muslim representation equally
Jinnah demanded all muslims members for muslim

league - so talks broke ended
1946: RIN mutiny
Royal indian navy- INdian crew facing racial

discrimination
Went on hunger strike @ Talwar ship
Gandhi didnot support and it was suppressed
1946: Cabinet mission (March -june)

Head - Patnic Lawrence
Memeber: Stafford cripps, Wavell, AV Alexander
Rejected demand for separate Pak and instead

suggested a union of princely states and British India
3 groups for provinces: a)Hindu majority,b) Muslim

majority and c) Assam and bengal
1946: Elections
85% muslims voted
12 Aug 1946: Wavell called Nehru (president of INC) to

form Interim govt
Jinnah scared and withdraw form Cabinet mission plan

and Muslim league came for "direct action" on 16 Aug
1946 riots 5000 killed
Formation of Constituent assemly on 9 dec 1946:1st

session
389(292,4,93)
Viceroy-Wavell
Food and agriculture- Rajendra Prasad

Vice president - JLN
Home - Vallabhai Patel
Education min - C Rajgopalcharo
Finance min - Liaqat Ali
Clement Atlee statement: PM Atlee announced that

British would withdraw form india by June 30 1948 -
deadline decided and Mountbatten plan would replace
Wavell plan
Feb 1947 :Arrival of Mountbatten (Last viceroy and gov

general of india)
Mountbatten Plan 3rd June 1947 :
Power would be handed over by 15 AUg 1947 on basis

of dominion status to INdia and Pak
14 Aug: MAJinnah became "govt gen of Pak"
26 jan 1950: Constitution passed
1st gov-gen of Independent India: C Rajgopalichari
Advent of European countries:
1498: Vasco da Gama of Portugal discovered India

He came to India via cape of good hope(SAfrica)
Sequence of arrivals:
1)Portuguese east india company -1498 (kochi and goa)-

They were first to come and last to leave 1961-Daman
2)Dutch east india company-1602 (pulicat)
3)Bristish east india cmp- 1608 (at surat and madras)
4)French east india company -1664 (at pondicherry)
Famous battles:
1)Battle of Plassey: 1757
Bengal Nawab mSiraj-ud-daula (1756-57) vs BEIC Robert

Clive
Nawab defeated due to betrayal of mir Jafar, his
commander-in chief
2)Battle of Wandiwash (1760)

Clive ended french rule in Pondicherry
1st english ship to iNdia- Red dragon (1600).
3)Battle of Buxar (1764)

Britishers vs Mir Qasim, shah alam II and Siraj ud daula
Treaty of Allahbad :acquired diwani rights of Bengal,
bihar and orissa
Dual govt system started- company acquired both

diwani (rights related to revenue) as well as
administrative rights
4) Anglo mysore wars
I : Haider Ali vs British ; treaty of madras signed

II: Warren Hastings vs Haider Ali ; Treaty of Mangalore
with Tipu sultan (his son)
III: Tipu sultan vs Britishers-Lord Cornwallis ; Treaty of
Seringapatnam
IV: Lord Wellesly vs Tipu sultan; Tipu sultan killed
Regulating Acts: (by britishers)

1757:Battle of Plassey
1964:Battle of Buxar
Directors -24 and no written constitution
1) Regulating Acts 1773:
Govt gen of Bengal- Warren Hastings

Supreme court established at calcutta
British govt regulated affairs of BEIC, so ended Dual Govt
2)Pitts India Act 1784: (to overcome 1- by Pitt)
Established Dual system: Govt by board of control

commissioners), govt by court of directors
3)Charter Act 1786:

Governor genreal made commander-in-chief (Lord

cornwallis)
4)Charter act 1793:
The trade rights of BEIC increased for 20 yrs
5)Charter act 1813:
BEIC deprived of trade monopoly in india except trade

in tea and china for 20 yrs
4)Charter act 1833:
Ended BEIC monopoly in tea too

Governor gen of Bengal became Gov general of india-
1st Lord William Bentick
5)Govt of India Act 1858:

transfer company to british crown
Governor gen called Viceroy
6)Indian council Act 1861:
Cabinet system introduced in Govt Of india
7)Indian council act 1909: Morley Minto Reforms

(separate electorates)
8)Govt of India Act 1919: Montague Chelmsford

reforms (dyarchy system introduced)
9)Govt of INdia Act 1935:

Set up of federation of India consisting of British India
provinces and INdian states
3 lists- federal, provincial and residuary
separate electorates introduced
10)Indian Independence Act 1947

Announced on 30 june 1947.Partition of iNdia and Pak
Governors:
1) Robert Clive :
Governor of bengal
Dual govt started
Battle of Plassey 1757: 1st battle after which Britishers
started ruling directly
(between Robert Clive and Siraj-ud-daula)
2)Warren Hastings: 1772-1785
Ended dual govt

passed regualting act 1773 and Ended dual govt
1st governor gen of bengal(Regulating act 1773)
Started Ryotwari settlement - more protection to

farmers
I and II Anglo Maratha war (Treaty of Salbai)
Pitts india act 1784
Foundation of Asiatic society with William jones in 1784
3) Lord Cornwallis:(1786-1793)
Father of civil service

III Anglo mysore war(1789-92)- treaty of seringapatam
Sanskrit college in Varansi by Jonathan Duncan
Permanent revenue settlement-Introduced in Bengal,
bihar; a concept by John shore; 10 /11 revenue part to
britishers; 1/11 britshers zamindaars; zamindaars were
free to fix rents
4) Lord Wellesly: (1798-1805) Bengal tiger

Subsidiary alliancce- bring indian states under British

rule -Nizam of hydrebad,tanjore, awadh, gwalior,
indore, udaipur, jodhpur
IV Anglo mysore war (1799)
Founded Fort William college at calcutta
5)Lord Hastings:
Ryotwari system introduced(direct settlement btwn

govt and ryot(cultivator) for 30 yrs
Mahalwari system (modified version in Ganga valley and
punjab)
6)Lord William Bentick (1828-1835)
1st gov gen of india-charter act 1833

Father of modern western education
Abolished sati
Act 1835- Medium of instruction accepted english called
"Maclauy minute"
7) Lord Dalhousie (1848-1856)
Doctrine of lapse at satara

Hindu marriage, post, telegraph, railway in
1853(Bombay and thane connect)
Wood's dispatch on indian education called Magna
carta of british education
Widow remarriage act 1856 passed(iswar chand
vidyasagar) Indians entry to Civil
disobedience movt
Engg college at Roorkee established
Anglo sikh war
Shimla became summer capital of India
8)Lord Canning (1856-1857-gov gen; 1857-1862-

viceroy)
Last governor general of india and 1st viceroy of india

1857 revolt
Doctrine of lapse ended

University of calcutta, bombay and madras established
Indian penal code formed
8)Lord Mayo: (1869-72)
census survey but unsuccessful

dept of agriculture and commerce
only viceroy murdered in INdia (Andaman)
9)Lord Lytton (1876-1880)
Vernacular Press act /gagging act- control freedom of

press
1st delhi darbaar 1877 and queen declared- kaiserihind
civil service age reduced from 21 to 19
Arms act passed
10) Lord Ripon (1880-84)- most belove viceroy acc to

madan mohan malviya
1st succesful census

Father of local self govt
Ilbert bill passed- indian judge for europeans
11)Lord Dufferin (1884-1888)
INC formed
12)Lord Curzon (1889-1905)
Bengal partition (1905)

Indian currency act (coinage and ruppee)
Ancient monuments and archaelogical survey
13) Lord Minto(1905-1910)
1906 surat split

Swaraj gov
Muslim league formed
Indian council act 1908/ morley minto reforms
14)Lord Hardinge:
3rd Delhi durbaar in honor of king george V 1911 -

capital shifted to delhi
Cancel bengal partition
Ghadar party formed
15)Lord Chelmsford: (1916-1921)
Lucknow Pact 1916

Home rule league movt
Gandhiji satyagraha(champaran,kheda..)
India act 1919
Rowlatt act
Jalliawala bagh
Hunter commission
Khilafat movt
Non cooperation movt
16)Lord Reading:(1921-26)
formation of swaraj party by cr das

Chauri chaura
Kakori train robbery 1925
17)Lord Irwin: (1926-1931)
Poorna swaraj declared @ Lahore session 1929

1st RTC
civil disobedience
Dandi march
Gandhi irwin pact
18) Lord Wellington: (1931-36)
2nd and 3rd RTC

Mac donald communal award
Individual satyagraha
GOI act 1935
Poona pact
19)Lord linlithgow:(1936-44)
Aug offer 1940

Cripps mission
1st general election
formation of forward bloc
quit india movt 1942
20)Lord Wavell:(1944-47)
CR formula
direct action play
WW2 ended
INA trials
Atlee statement
Shimla conference
21)Lord Mountbatten: (1947-48)
LAst viceroy
1st gov gen of india after independence
22)C. Rajagopalchari (1948-1950)
last gov gen of free india

Only indian gov gen
Other previous year questions asked in exams:
1)Raja Ram mohan roy:
Father of Indian renaissance(revival of art and

literature)
Founder of Atmiya sabha-1814, calcutta
Founder of brahmo samaj -1828
Abolition of sati
2)Young Bengal movement

By Henry Vivian derozio
Ideas of French revolution taught- Liberty, equality and
fraternity
3)Prarthana samaj:
By Atmarang Pandurang 1867

Against caste system
4)Swami vivekanand: (Real name:Narendra nath dutta)

Guru- Ramakrishna paramhansa
Founded Ramakrishnan mission
1893- world conference of religions,Chicago
First Vedanta society in usa
5) Dayanand saraswati: (real name : mool Shankar)

Founded Arya samaj @ Bombay in 1875
Started shuddhi movt
“Back to vedas” –cow never to be killed
6) Theosophical society
1875: By Blavatsky and olcott for universal brotherhood
7)Jyotirao Phule:
1873- started Satyashalok samaj

Wrote Gulamgiri for lower castes
8)Sayyid Ahman Khan:

1875- mohd anglo oriental college Aligarh, called Aligarh
university now for muslim modernisation
9)Dadabhai Nauroji:
Grand old man of india
Newspaper – India, Voice of people
Books – Poverty and unbritish rule in India, The wants
and means of India, England debts to India
10)Sarojni naidu:
Books:
The golden threshold
The feather of the dawn
The bird of time
The broken wing
11)JLNehru
1st PM of republic india
Books:
Discovery of india
Glimpses of world history
Bunch of old letters
The unity of india
12) Rabindra nath tagore:

Gitanjali- nobel prize
India- jana gana mana
Bengal- amar sonar bangla
13)Bankim Chattopadhyay:
Vande matram writer
14)Gopal Krishna gokhale:

Political guru of Gandhi and jinnah
Founder of Servants of Indian society
15)Bal Gangadhar Tilak:

“Swaraj is my birth right”
Editor of Kesari (Marathi)
16)Lala Lajpat rai:
Called as “Punjab kesari of bengal”

Founded Indian Home rule league in USA 1914
17)Subhash Chandra bose called Gandhi- Father of

nation”
ALL THE BEST FOR EXAM..YOU ARE 100% PREPARED.

Subscribe ssc veda for all vedios of gs and eng 

Modern History Final - Exam

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Modern History Final - Exam

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

SSC VEDA (A burning desire to achieve…)

Modern history notes for all ssc

29 march 1857: Mangal Pandey refused at

10 May 1857: Started at Meerut and mutiny gave slogan

Revolt spread to below areas and their leaders:

1) Delhi - Leader: Bahadur Shah Zafar and Bakht Khan

Some imp notes:

1) Sir Huge Rose called Rani Laxmi Bai as bravest leader

4) RC Majumdar called it as "The sepoy mutiny and

MODERATES ERA ( 1885-1905)

1885: INC (Indian National congress formed)

Moderates presented their demands through petitions

Leaders - Dada Bhai Naroji ( Congress word given by

EXTREMIST PHASE (1905-1919)

Leaders: Lal, Bal, Pal, Aurobindo Ghosh ( advocated

Goal: complete independence

16 oct,1905: Partition of Bengal

1906: Lord Minto viceroy came

Dec 1906: Calcuutta INC session by Dadabhai Narouji

1907: Surat split

Split of moderates and extremists

1908: Tilak imprisoned and deported to Burma for 6 yrs

Extremists period came to standstill......Swadeshi movt

1911: Delhi Darbaar in honour of king George V and

1913:Ghadar Party formed by Lala har Dayal @ san

1914: Tilak released after 6 yrs and restarted "Swaraj"

Dec 1915: INC Bombay session

dey would be seperated, muslims cant grow under

Dec 1916: Lucknow Pact (Lucknow)

1917:Annie Besant arrested for 2 months and she

1917: Calcutta session

20 August 1917 : August Declaration by Chelmsford for

GANDHI ERA ( 1915-1947)

born:2nd oct at Porbandar

1891: after studies, returned to India but Dada Abdullah

Experiments with truth

Political Guru: GK Gokhale

9 Jan 1915: Return of Gandhi to INdia on call of his guru

1916: Founded Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad

a) 1917: Champaran Satyagraha- Bihar for Indigo

Now he was familiar with INdians.....

1919: Rowlatt Act

1919: Gandhiji started Satyagraha Sabha to awaken

13 April,1919: Jallianwala Bagh massacre(Amritsar)- A

2 committees formed to evaluate this-

a)Hunter commission (1919):Dyer was sent to England

Govt Of India Act 1919- Montague Chelmsford Reforms

At centre- 2 houses - Upper house and lower house (via

To review it only, Simon Commission

1920: Khilafat conference in Calcutta

Now all started to pariticipate in Non cooperation-

June 1920: All inida conference @ Allahbad

1 Aug 1920 :Tilak died

Sept 1920 @ Calcutta: Started Non cooperation movt

1922: Chauri Chaura incident

Congress committee @ Bardolil and gandhiji ended non

1923: After Gandhiji arrest in 1922, Swarajya Party

To check effectiveness of Dyarchy, 3 committees

1)1924 : Muddiman Committee (Chairman- Alexander

2)1927: Simon commission (7 members)- head John

Nothing stated for dominion status in its report in 1930

Indians gave there report how iNdian constitution

Aug 1928: Motilal Nehru report