proprietatea ]es\turii pe care o

Factori ce o determin\ determin\

Proprietatea fibrei
~nveli[ exterior rezistent,Durabilitate, rezisten]\ la
Rezisten]a la abraziune Capacitatea fibrelor de
solzi, sau pieli]\.abraziune. Rezisten]\ la
a rezista la frecarea ce intervine frecvent `n
Flexibilitatea lan]urilorsplitting.
prelucrare [I exploatare
macromoleculare

Confort, absorban]\, capacitatea

de `nc\rcare cu electricitate
Sorb]ia de umiditate Procentul de umiditate pe static\, water repellency,
Prezen]a grupelor
care o fibr\ absolut uscat\ `l absoarbe din aer `n absorbency, static build-up
hidroxilice, ponderea
condi]ii standardizate de temperatur\ [I Dyeability, spotting.
zonelor amorfe
presiune Shrinkage. Wrinkle
Resistance.

Storing of fabrics
Aging Resistance Chemical structure

Care required in
Chemical ReactivityThe effect of acids, alkali, cleaning/bleaching; ability to
oxidizing Polar groups of molecules take acid or alkali
agents, solvents finishes

Cohesiveness The ability of fibers to cling

Resistance to ravel
together
Crimp or twists
during spinning; not important in continuous
filament.

CoverThe ability to occupy space for

Crimp, curl, or twist, Cross-Warmth in fabric, Cost - less
concealment or
sectional shape fiber needed
protection.

CreepDelayed elasticity; Recovers gradually Lack of side chains, crossStreak dying and shiners in
from links, strong bonds; poorfabric
strain orientation

Density - See Specific Gravity

DyeabilityThe fibers' receptivity to coloration

Amorphous areas dand dyeAesthetics and colorfastness
by
sites
dyes

Elastic RecoveryThe ability of fibers to recoverMolecular structure: side

Processability of fabrics,
from chains, cross linkages,
Resiliency
strain strong bonds

ElasticityThe ability of a stretched material to

return immediately Delayed elasticity or creep
to its original size
Electric ConductivityThe ability to transfer Poor conductivity causes fabric
Chemical structure: polar
electrical to cling to the body, electric
groups
charges shocks

ElongationThe ability to be stretched, Increases tear strength.

Fiber crimp. Molecular
extended, or Reduces brittleness. Provides
structure: molecular crimp
lengthened; varies at different temperatures and "give" and
orientation
when wet or dry. stretchiness.

Fabrics can be made directly

from fibers. Special care
FeltabilityThe ability of fibers to mat together Scale structure of wool
required during
washing.

FlammabilityThe ability to ignity and burn Chemical Composition Fabrics Burn

HandThe way a fiber feels: silky, harsh, soft,

Cross-sectional shape,
crisp, Hand of fabric
crimp, diameter, length
dry.

Heat ConductivityThe ability to conduct heat

Crimp. Cross-sectional
away from Warmth
shape
the body

Heat vibrates molecules.

Heat SensitivityThe ability to soften, melt, or
Fewer intermolecular forcesDetermine safe washing and
shrink
and cross ironing temperatures
when subjected to heat.
links.

Hydrophyllic or Hydroscopic - See Absorbency

LusterThe light reflected from a surface; more

Smoothness, Fiber Length,
subdued Luster
Flat or lobal shape.
than shine; light rays are broken up.

Loft of Compressional ResiliencyThe ability to

spring Springiness, good cover.
Fiber Crimp, Stiffness
back to original thickness after being Resistance to flattening.
compressed

Mildew Resistance Low absorbtion Care during storage

Moth Resistance Molecule has no sulfur Care during storage

PilingThe bailing up of fiber ends on the

Fiber Strength. High
surface of Piling, Unsightly appearance.
Molecular weight.
fabrics.

Specific Gravity and DensityThe measures ofMolecular Weight Warmth without weight.
the weight of Loftiness - full and light.
a fiber; Density is the weight in grams per Buoyancy to
cubic centimeter and specific fabric.
gravity is the ratio of the mass of the fiber to an
equal volume of water at 4° C.
Stiffness and rigidityThe opposite of flexibilty;
Ratio of breaking stress toBody of fabric. Resistance to
The
breaking strain insertion of yarn twist.
resistance to bending or creasing

Molecular structure:Durability, tear strength,

StrengthThe ability to resist as tensile strength
Orientation, crystallinity,sagging, pilling. Sheerer
(pounds per square inch) or as tenacity (grams
degree of fabrics possible
per denier).
polymerization. with stronger fine fibers.

Durabilit of curtains and

Sunlight ResistanceThe ability to withstand
draperies, outdoor furniture,
degradation Chemical composition
outdoor
from direct sunlight.
carpeting.

Resists rupture from

Outer surface or "skin" of
Toughness deformation, gives frictional
fiber
resistance.

WickingThe ability of a fiber to transfer Chemical and physical

moisture along composition of outer
Makes fabrics comfortable
its surface. surfaces.