CHAPTER 2

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2.1 Linear Motion

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What is linear motion?

Linear motion is motion in the straight line

Distance and Displacement

Distance is the total length travelled by an object

Displacement is the shortest path travelled by an

object in a specific direction
Example 1
A teacher walks 4 meters East, 2 meters South, 4
meters West, and finally 2 meters North.

Distance travelled? Displacement?

2m + 4m + 2m + 4m 2m + 4m + (-2m) +
= 12m (-4m) = 0m
 Definition:
Rate of change in distance
Scalar quantity **measure how fast the distance for
moving object change

Speed

SI Unit : m/s @ m s-1

 Definition:
Vector quantity Rate of change in displacement
(**measure how fast the displacement for moving
object change)

Velocity

SI Unit : m/s @ m s-1

Uniform and Non-uniform velocity
Acceleration and Deceleration
An object that experiences changes in velocity is said to have
acceleration.

Changes of velocity can be :

a) change of speed

b) change of direction

An object travelling with a constant acceleration, a, if the

velocity changes at constant rate

An object with decreasing velocity is said to be experiencing

deceleration
 Definition:
Rate of velocity change
Vector quantity **measure how fast the velocity change

Acceleration

SI Unit : m/s2 @ m s-2

Example:
A car travels from a stationary position and reach a
velocity 36 m/s in 8 seconds. What is the acceleration of
the car?

Initial velocity, u = 0
Final velocity, v = 36 m/s
Time taken, t = 8 s
Acceleration, a = ?
1. If a car moves with an initial velocity of 5 m/s to the
right from point of reference, O and reaches a velocity
of 20 m/s in 5 s, what is the acceleration of the car?
+3 m s²
2. If a car moves with an initial velocity of 20 m/s to the
right from point of reference, O and reaches a velocity
of 5 m/s in 5 s, what is the acceleration of the car?
-3 m s²
3. If a car moves with an initial velocity of 5 m/s to the
left from point of reference, O and reaches a velocity
of 20 m/s in 5 s, what is the acceleration of the car?
-3 m s²
4. If a car moves with an initial velocity of 20 m/s to the
left from point of reference, O and reaches a velocity
of 5 m/s in 5 s, what is the acceleration of the car?
+3 m s²
 Linear Motion

Motion with Motion with

Motion with
constant changing
constant velocity
acceleration acceleration

v = u + at
Using
s = 1/2 (u +v) t
v= s/ t calculus ( In
s = ut + 1/2 at2 add maths
v2 = u2 + 2as syllabus)
The Equation of Motion
Example 1
An object accelerates from stationary with the
acceleration of 4 m/s². What is the velocity of the object
after 7s?

Initial velocity, u = 0
Final velocity, v = ?
Time taken, t = 7 s
Acceleration, a = 4 m/s²
Example 2
A car is moving with velocity 5 m/s reaches a velocity of
25 m/s in 5s. What is the acceleration of the car?
Example 3
A cyclist riding at a speed of 40 m/s braked with uniform
acceleration and stopped in 40 m. How long did he take
to stop?

Initial velocity, u = 40 m/s

Final velocity, v = 0
Displacement, s = 40 m
Time taken, t = ?
Example 4
A car is accelerated at 4 m/s² from initial velocity of 5
m/s for 10 seconds. What is the distance traveled by the
car?
EXERCISES:
1. A car accelerates from 4 m/s reaches a velocity of 28
m/s after traveling for 64 m. What is the acceleration
of the car?

2. A car begin to move from rest. The velocity of the

car increases at a rate of 4 m/s². Find the distance
traveled by the car after 12 seconds.

3. A body is accelerated uniformly from rest and in the

first 6 s of its motion it travels 30 m. Find
(i) the average speed for this period of 6s
(ii) the speed at the end of this period
(iii) the acceleration
EXERCISES:
4. A car starts from rest and accelerates at a constant
acceleration of 3 ms-2 for 10 seconds. The car then
travels at a constant velocity for 5 seconds. The
brakes are then applied and the car stops in 5
seconds. What is the total distance traveled by the
car?