Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Division of Tacloban City
LEYTE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Senior High School

WATER RESOURCES

In partial fulfilment of Requirements in Earth Science

Submitted by:
Ragonot, Edward Romeo
Avestruz, Shiela
Caandi, Kyla Faye
Lamsin, Estelle Nerie
Rubis, Gwyn Kyla
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Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION 1
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS/ PROBLEMS AS A RESULT OF ITS UTILIZATION
3
Human Activities 3
Overpopulation 3
Overuse of Water Resources 3
Consumption of Contaminated Water 3
MANAGEMENT PLAN TO CONSERVE AND PROTECT 4
CONCLUSIONS 5
BIBLIOGRAPHY/REFERENCES 15
References 15
Bibliography 17
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I. INTRODUCTION

Water is one of the most essential and abundant universal components that humans need

for their daily lives. Water covers about 71% of the earth’s total surface including clouds and is

also one of the contributors in making our planet blue and white from space.

Water is essential for life on Earth. Water resources helps to regulate climate, it shapes

Earth's surface and serves as a habitat for all marine life. It also can be used for various purposes

such as in agriculture, industrial, household, and various environmental activities. It is utilized in

variety of purposes such as drinking, bathing and washing (Chauhan, et. al. 2015).

Water resources come in a variety of forms and its main categories are the saltwater,

ground water, and surface water.

Saltwater is abundant in the surface of the planet and is most likely found ocean basins.

However, saltwater is currently not that useful when it comes to potable water supplies. Marine

life is mostly present in saltwater. While this water resource is useless in dealing with the

scarcity of water supplies, it provides resources that humans rely on.

Groundwater has the largest percentage of all freshwater resources and can be found

everywhere. It is an important natural resource, keeping the water level and flow into rivers,

lakes, and wetlands. Irrigation, food industry, and agriculture use groundwater as the main and

reliable source of water. It is naturally retained by rain water and snowmelt or from water that

leaks through the bottom of some lakes and rivers.

Surface water is found in streams and lakes. This water is the main source for potable

water supply, irrigation, industry, livestock, transportation and hydroelectric energy. More than

63% of the consumed water of public is from surface water, 58% from irrigation, and 98% from

industries.. Conservation and quality of surface water is significant to all aspects of daily life

activities.

As time flies and the economy progresses, the demand for water supply skyrocketed.
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Each individual consumes approximately 80-100 gallons daily. Humans use water not

just to drink, shower, or clean, but they also use it through the products they consume. An

average person needs 5 liters of water to drink to survive daily activities. Agriculture can

consume 70% to 90% of freshwater in a certain region (Shiklomanov, n.d). The industry

consumes estimately 167 liters daily on the production of beauty supplies, hair products,

clothing, and office supplies. Food production also plays a large role in water consumption

having 3,496 liters daily per person.

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II. ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS/ PROBLEMS AS A RESULT OF ITS

UTILIZATION

Human Activities

Human activities are one of the major factors that affect the quality of water sources

across the globe, thus imposing a rising threat not only to humanity but to the well-being of the

world itself (Halder and Islam, 2015). Human use of natural waters, especially freshwater, has

increased steadily overtime. This trend will most likely never change because of the never-

ending large water consumption in agriculture, in the industry, household, and other human-

induced activities. Surface waters are being consumed to their maximum capacities by most

countries. These situations have given rise to growing concern on the availability of water

supplies for future use (Augustyn, et. al. 2019).

Overpopulation

According to United Nations’ report in 2001, estimates that the global population will

drastically increase to 9.4 billion people by 2050. Population growth not only limits the

availability of water supply for each individual, it will also negatively affect the biodiversity and

the global environment (Pimentel, et. al. 2004).

Overuse of Water Resources

Overuse of water resources has contributed to the deterioration of water quality. Mineral

fertilizers that are spread throughout the surface and subsurface of water have caused the

disruption of aquatic ecosystems and also resulted to unfit human consumption.

Consumption of Contaminated Water

Waterborne diseases are caused by improper waste management and are a timely and

relevant issue especially in countries with limited or no machines to sustain the needs of the

people on exterminating or lessening plastic wastes and other garbage using advanced

technologies. Water-related diseases cause 3.4 million deaths each year. These are caused by
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drinking contaminated water. Contaminated water can cause gastrointestinal infections and many

types of diarrheal diseases including Cholera, Guinea worm disease, Typhoid, and Dysentery.

III. MANAGEMENT PLAN TO CONSERVE AND PROTECT

Biophysical Issues/
Effects Objectives Existing Solution
Impact Problems
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IV. CONCLUSION
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V. BIBLIOGRAPHY/ REFERENCES

References

Links Used:

https://www.greenfacts.org/en/water-resources/index.htm

http://frndzzz.com/importance-of-water-resources-points

https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/other/agricultural/index.html

https://sciencing.com/types-water-resources-5127497.html

https://www.britannica.com/science/water-resource

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es1041755

https://www.vestergaard.com/global-challenges/waterborne-diseases
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Bibliography

Chauhan, S., Gupta, K.C., Singh, J. (2015). Journal of Global Biosciences 2015, 4(1), 2320-

1335.

Halder, J.N., & Islam, M.N., (2017). Water Pollution and its Impacts on Human Health. Allied

Academies 2017, 2373-8332. doi: 10.15764/EH.2015.01005

Haseena, M.Muhammad, F.M., Asma, J., Sidra, A., Nayab, A., Sharon, Z., & Jaweria, H.,

(2017). Water Pollution and Human Health. Journal of Environment and Human 2015, :

2529-8046. doi: 10.4066/2529-8046.100020