The Burglar alarm is an electronic device which is used to detect the unauthorized entry.

It has a NAND gate with Light Dependent Resistor. When the alarm switch is closed, then
one of the NAND gate inputs will be low. And if the LDR is kept in light, then the second
input is also low. So the 2 inputs of the NAND gates are low. So if any of the two situations
occurs, the output of NAND gate becomes HIGH and then the theft alarm rings, as a sign of
alert.

1. Check parity
Suppose a system is recieving a continuous stream of data in some fixed packet size. The parity check can help
to know whether the data recieved is correctly recieved or has been corrupted.
Ex. Let the 4 bits of data that the system recieves is 1010. If one calculates the XOR of all bits it comes out to be
0.
Had the data been corrupted to be 1110, the XOR comes out to be 1. By looking at the appended parity bit at
the end of data packet, the reciever can come to know whether the data is correct or not.
[This method is not full proof because it can't check if the bits have swapped positions as the XOR will still be
the same]

2. Half Adder
The half adder circuit is a very fundamental circuit used widely across digital design. The XOR gives the sum of
two 1 bit numbers.

3. Comparator
The output of the XOR is 1 when both the inputs are different. It is a 0 when both the inputs are same. Hence it
can be used to know if the two signals are equal to each other or not.