2 Circulation and respiration

Practice questions

Worksheet

Name …………………………………………………..………….. Class …………………..

2 Circulation and respiration

1 Match the following key terms with their correct definitions.

Key term Definition

a Gas exchange 1 The transport tissue for sugars in plants
b Aerobic 2 Cell structures where aerobic respiration
respiration occurs
c Mitochondria 3 The movement of oxygen and carbon
dioxide between the environment and the
body
d Nicotine 4 The smallest blood vessels where exchange
of substances occurs between blood and
cells
e Coronary 5 Blood vessels that supply oxygenated blood
arteries to heart muscle
f Phloem 6 Blood that is low in oxygen and high in
carbon dioxide
g Deoxygenated 7 The drug that is in tobacco products
blood
h Capillaries 8 Chemical process in which cells use oxygen
to break down glucose to release energy
[8]
2 Humans, like all mammals, have a double circulatory system.
a. Explain the term ‘double circulatory system’.
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b. This is a diagram of a section through the

human heart. Complete the following table
(see next page) by:
▪ naming the parts of the heart and the
blood vessels
▪ stating their functions.

Science Stage 8 for Cambridge Secondary 1 © Oxford University Press 2014

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 2 Circulation and respiration
Practice questions

Worksheet

Name …………………………………………………..………….. Class …………………..

Name Function

B Artery

E Pumps blood to the lungs

Carries blood back to the heart after going round

F
the body

H Valve

[12]
3
a. 1 mm3 of blood contains 5 million red blood cells (5 × 106).
i) Calculate how many red blood cells there are in a drop of blood that has a
volume of 0.05 mm3. Show your working.
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ii) How would you recognise red blood cells when looking at a colour photograph
of blood taken with a light microscope?
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Science Stage 8 for Cambridge Secondary 1 © Oxford University Press 2014

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 2 Circulation and respiration
Practice questions

Worksheet

Name …………………………………………………..………….. Class …………………..

iii) Describe the pathway taken by a red blood cell as it flows from the heart to the
lungs and back to the heart.
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iv) What happens to red blood cells as they pass through the tissues in the lungs?
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b. i) State the way in which white blood cells differ in structure from red blood cells.
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ii) State the function of white blood cells.

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iii) Describe the role of platelets in the blood.

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4 Asha and Afaam carried out an investigation in the fitness room. They used a pulse
meter to find out how their heart rate changed while exercising on different machines.
Asha used a rowing machine and Afaam used an exercise bicycle. They used the
pulse meter to record their heart rate before, during and after exercise. Their results
are shown in the table.

Time / minutes Pulse rate / beats per minute

Asha Afaam
1 63 76
2 62 77
3 65 70

Science Stage 8 for Cambridge Secondary 1 © Oxford University Press 2014

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This resource sheet may have been changed since the original. 3
 2 Circulation and respiration
Practice questions

Worksheet

Name …………………………………………………..………….. Class …………………..

4 79 103
5 81 113
6 86 101
7 93 109
8 96 110
9 85 108
10 70 88
11 62 87
12 61 75
13 57 70
14 63 69
15 64 76

a. Draw a line graph to show how the pulse rate of each person changed during the
15 minutes.

[7]

Science Stage 8 for Cambridge Secondary 1 © Oxford University Press 2014

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This resource sheet may have been changed since the original. 4
 2 Circulation and respiration
Practice questions

Worksheet

Name …………………………………………………..………….. Class …………………..

b. Describe the differences between the pulse rate of each person before, during and
after exercise.
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c. Explain why the pulse rate increases during exercise.

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5 Write the word equation for aerobic respiration.

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6 A class was investigating respiration. Kamila used the apparatus shown in diagram
A. After a short while the limewater in the test tube became cloudy. She explained
that limewater detects the presence of carbon dioxide. Kato used apparatus B to test
atmospheric air. The limewater took much longer to become cloudy.

Science Stage 8 for Cambridge Secondary 1 © Oxford University Press 2014

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 2 Circulation and respiration
Practice questions

Worksheet

Name …………………………………………………..………….. Class …………………..

a. Explain the results obtained by Kamila and Kato.

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The students repeated Kamila’s experiment, but this time they put some printed
paper behind the test tube and timed how long it took for the limewater to become so
cloudy that they could not read the print.
b. Explain how the students could use this method to find out how doing different
physical activities might affect the quantity of carbon dioxide in breathed-out air.
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7 The photograph shows some root hairs.

a. i) State two functions of root hairs.

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Science Stage 8 for Cambridge Secondary 1 © Oxford University Press 2014

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 2 Circulation and respiration
Practice questions

Worksheet

Name …………………………………………………..………….. Class …………………..

ii) Explain how root hairs are adapted for carrying out these functions.
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Celery sticks are leaf stalks. One of these stalks was put into a beaker of water
containing a red dye and another was placed in a beaker of water with a blue dye.
After several hours some sections were cut across the stalks and looked at with a
microscope. You can see the results in this photograph.

b. Explain why only certain parts of the stalk are coloured red or blue.
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c. Explain how you could use this method to find out how fast plants can transport
water.
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Science Stage 8 for Cambridge Secondary 1 © Oxford University Press 2014

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 2 Circulation and respiration
Practice questions

Worksheet

Name …………………………………………………..………….. Class …………………..

8 This diagram shows the changes that occur when breathing in.

a. Use the information in the diagram to explain how movements of the rib cage and
the diaphragm move air into the lungs.
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b. i) State the name of the parts of the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
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ii) Explain how these structures are adapted for gas exchange.
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Science Stage 8 for Cambridge Secondary 1 © Oxford University Press 2014

http://www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements
This resource sheet may have been changed since the original. 8
 2 Circulation and respiration
Practice questions

Worksheet

Name …………………………………………………..………….. Class …………………..

9 One aspect of a balanced diet is obtaining sufficient energy for the body’s activities.
Carbohydrates, such as starch, are important as energy-providing foods. Starch is
too large to be absorbed into the blood and delivered to cells.
a. Explain how starch is broken down and delivered to cells.
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b. Outline how energy is released inside cells.

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c. Outline the different ways in which energy is used in the body.

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Science Stage 8 for Cambridge Secondary 1 © Oxford University Press 2014

http://www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements
This resource sheet may have been changed since the original. 9