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Chapter 6 in the textbook describes different research methods and research feasibility.
The primary analyses revolve around the various research strategies. The strategies are described
as “a general approach to research dictated by the type of question that the research study hopes
to address”[ CITATION Gra15 \l 1033 ]. After discussing these strategies, the chapter moves on
to internal and external validity. There are five types of research methods to consider. These
research methods.
phenomena. It focuses on addressing the questions of how, when, when, and where instead of the
why of a research study[ CITATION Gra15 \l 1033 ]. This is due to the fact that it is important to
get a thorough view of a research topic before looking into why it exists in the first place.
analyses two variables and evaluates their statistical association (i.e., the correlation) with little
to no attempt to monitor extraneous variables. When researchers are unsure whether or not the
predictive interaction is causal, this approach is used (Gravetter & Forzano, 2015). Another
reason a researcher would use a correlational analysis is that the observational relationship of
unrealistic, or unethical.
Experimental research is used to assess not only whether two variables have a significant
relationship but also whether the relationship is causal and validated by statistical analysis. The
aim of the Experimental Testing Approach is to prove that variables have cause and effect
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relationships (Gravetter & Forzano, 2015). This is shown in an experiment by demonstrating that
Nonequivalent group designs, pretest-posttest designs, and disrupted time-series designs are
among the most common[ CITATION Gra15 \l 1033 ]. Since it entails manipulating the
independent variable, quasi-experimental testing avoids the directionality issue. However, since
it does not require arbitrary assignment of situations, it does not eradicate the issue of
confounding variables.
studies are randomly distributed to either the treatment or control group, while in a quasi-
experiment, they are not. The control and treatment groups in a quasi-experiment are also
different since they undergo several aspects that are sometimes unclear or unknowable. As a
result, the researcher must try to compensate for as many of these variations as possible
statistically.
The distinctions between these research strategies lie in the degree to which the
researcher manipulates and controls the environment. In laboratory experiments, the researcher
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creates a controlled atmosphere and closely monitors the variables of interest. The non-
to monitor all potential variables[ CITATION Gra15 \l 1033 ]. This means that non-experimental
experiments are more difficult to assess causality, but they are often more diverse and can cover
The strategy of my choice the experimental research design mainly due to the benefits it
has over the other strategies. In experimental research, there are two sets of variables, one of
which is a constant and used to compare the differences between the two sets[ CITATION Gra15
\l 1033 ]. When there is not enough evidence to back up your conclusions, this analysis approach
comes in handy. First, you must create the truth. Experimental analysis collects the information
you need to make smarter decisions. Experimental techniques are used in all studies done under
scientifically appropriate conditions. However, researchers must agree that the shift in a variable
effective.
This is my favorite choice because I think it is the most detailed. It explores a cause-and-
effect relationship between the two variables. Other approaches either clarify the relationship or
fail to see any cause-and-effect interactions. I assume it is important to consider both the
important to have a chosen testing approach such that a person becomes familiar with it and is
Explain How You Are Going To Ensure That Your Research Proposal Possesses Proper
External Validity
findings can be applied to a variety of “people, settings, periods, steps, and features other than
those used in the study.” This is possible because my study plan focuses on adults and youth in
particular professions, classes, and ages. Nonetheless, the experiment can quickly be repeated on
a different set of individuals of different experiences and attitudes. The impact of multiple
peaceful practices, such as reading, journaling, and nature walking, on stress control, can be
In addition, my project will have proper internal validation, which is described as “factors
in the research analysis that raise doubts or concerns about the interpretation of the findings.” If I
use the experimental technique in my research, I would have to ensure that if any of my subjects’
stress levels are lower at the end of the trial, it is due to the peaceful practices and not to any
other causes. Other causes may include one of my research participants getting a demanding
career that quits his job in the middle of the study (while still engaging in peaceful activities),
results of a single study is a challenge to external validity. When the influence of one factor (the
a consequence, statistical interactions should be used to describe all risks to external validity.
One of these threats is Aptitude by treatment Interaction. It happens in a study with certain
Comparative psychotherapy experiments, for example, often use unique samples (volunteers,
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moderately suicidal, or people with concurrent conditions if it is shown to be effective for these
Although listing threats to validity can help me stop making unfounded generalizations,
many of those threats can be disarmed or neutralized in a systemic way to allow external
References
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Gravetter, F., & Forzano, L.-A. (2015). Chapter 6: Research Strategies and Validity Flashcards
Preview. In F. Gravetter, & L.-A. Forzano, Research Methods for the Behavioral
Sciences (pp. 159-169). Wadsworth Publishing.