NAME: CHRISTIAN NEIL PONCE INSTRUCTOR: ELAINE GARCES BARENG

COURSE/YR: BSN-2 BLOCK-1 DATE: DECEMBER 12, 2020

1. First Stage of Labor- The first stage of labor is divided into three phases,
the latent, the active and the transition phase

 In the latent phase, contractions occur more often, become stronger, and
become more regular. During this phase the cervix thins. This is called
effacement. The latent phase varies from woman to woman and from labor to
labor. It may take a few days or be as short as a few hours. The latent phase
tends to be 10 to 12 hours for a woman who has had children. For first
pregnancies, it may last closer to 20 hours. Many women confuse the latent
phase of labor with Braxton Hicks contractions. Membranes may rupture in the
early- to mid-portion of the first stage of labor. If they rupture, the labor process
often speeds up.

 The next portion of the first stage of labor is the active phase. During this phase,
the cervix dilates rapidly. For most women, dilation goes from 3 to 4 centimeters
to 8 to 9 centimeters. The active phase is the most predictable, lasting an
average of 5 hours in first-time mothers and 2 hours in mothers who have given
birth before.

 Finally, there is the transition phase. During this phase, the cervix dilation
continues to dilate, but at a slower pace, until fully dilated. In some women, the
transition phase is not really noticeable, blending into the active phase. This is
also a phase of more rapid descent, when the baby is passing lower into the
pelvis and deeper into the birth canal. In mothers with no anesthesia, nausea,
vomiting and uncontrollable shaking may occur. These symptoms can be
frightening to watch and experience, but they're a part of normal birth. They
signal that the first stage is almost completed.

2. Second Stage of Labor-Period from full cervical dilatation and effacement

 The second stage is the delivery of the infant. During the second stage, mom
actively pushes out the baby. For first-time mothers, this can take 2 to 3 hours,
so it's important to save your energy and pace yourself. For second babies and
beyond, the second stage often lasts less than an hour -- and sometimes, only a
few minutes. If you have an epidural anesthetic, the second stage may require
more time.

3. Third Stage- or the Placental stage-

 The third stage of labor is the passage of the placenta. This may occur right
away, or take up to 30 minutes. The process may be sped up naturally by
breastfeeding (which releases oxytocin), or medically by administering a drug
called Pitocin
NAME: CHRISTIAN NEIL PONCE INSTRUCTOR: ELAINE GARCES BARENG
COURSE/YR: BSN-2 BLOCK-1 DATE: DECEMBER 12, 2020

Maternal and Fetal Responses to Labor: 

NAME: CHRISTIAN NEIL PONCE INSTRUCTOR: ELAINE GARCES BARENG
COURSE/YR: BSN-2 BLOCK-1 DATE: DECEMBER 12, 2020

Danger Signs of Labor:

 waters break but labor does not start

 baby lying sideways

 bleeding before the baby is born

 too long labor

 green or brown waters

 fever

 fits or convulsions

Abdominal Assessment: Leopold's Maneuver

 The aim of Leopold maneuvers is to determine the fetal presentation and position
by systematically palpating the gravid abdomen.

 First maneuver: fundal grip. While facing the woman, palpate the woman's upper
abdomen with both hands
NAME: CHRISTIAN NEIL PONCE INSTRUCTOR: ELAINE GARCES BARENG
COURSE/YR: BSN-2 BLOCK-1 DATE: DECEMBER 12, 2020

 Second maneuver: umbilical grip

 Third maneuver: first pelvic grip or Pawlik's grip

 Fourth maneuver: Leopold's second pelvic grip