Pump

A device which is used to increase pressure of liquid is known as pump.

Compressor
A device which is used to increase pressure of fluids (air/gases) is called as compressor.

Figure 1
Diagram of Compressor types

Single-Acting Compressors

These are usually reciprocating compressors, which has piston working on air only in one
direction. The other end of the piston is often free or open which does not perform any work. The
air is compressed only on the top part of the piston. The bottom of the piston is open to crankcase
and not utilized for the compression of air.

Double-Acting Compressors

ssThese compressors are having two sets of suction/intake and delivery valves on both sides of
the piston. As the piston moves up and down, both sides of the piston is utilized in compressing
the air. The intake and delivery valves operate corresponding to the stroke of the compressor.

Centrifugal Compressor
A compressor which is used to increase pressure of air/gas by centrifugal actions is called
centrifugal compressor. It is a machine in which a particular gas or vapor is compressed by a
radial acceleration by an impeller with the help of a surrounding case. It can then be arranged
multistage for greater proportions of compression. The compression is largely influenced by
a centrifugal pump
 Centrifugal compressor press the air
  By pressing the air they increase the pressure of air.
Centrifugal Force
The force which moves away from the center is called centrifugal force.

Main parts of Centrifugal Compressor

1) Impeller
A circular disc which consists of blades and adhesived by another plate is called impeller.
o They increase kinetic energy
o Their maximum velocity occur at outer ring.
A simple diagram of centrifugal compressor is shown below,

Figure 2 Front view of centrifugal compressor

2) Diffuser
A device in which pressure is increased at the cost of velocity is called as diffuser.

3) Nozzle
A device in which velocity is increased at the cost of pressure is known as nozzle. It is
designed to control the direction or characteristics of a fluid flow (especially to increase
velocity) as it exits (or enters) an enclosed chamber or pipe.