VIDEO in 5G Communications

ITS Surabaya, 27 Nov 2019

Anto Sihombing, M.Sc.

IEEE Comsoc Indonesia Chapter © 2019
Anto Sihombing M.Sc.
Formal Education
q Master of Science of Wireless System, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Sweden, 2009
q Bachelor of Science (S.T.), Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Indonesia, 2006

Training, Conferences, Courses

q Certified Widevine Implementation Partner (CWIP), Google Inc., Jul 15th-17th 2019, Singapore
q NABshow (National Association of Broadcasters), Apr 8th-11th 2019, Las Vegas, USA
q Broadcast Studio Training, Galva Technologies, Aug 27th-31st 2018, Jakarta
q Dolby’ Audio Technologies Seminar, Feb 22nd 2018, Jakarta
q Digital Rights Management (DRM) Certification, Verimatrix University, Dec 4th-6th 2017, Jakarta
q IPTV Platform Operation & Maintenance, Huawei University, Jul 17th-21st 2017, Hangzhou, China
q Video Distribution and Delivery Workshop, Harmonic University, Dec 7th-9th 2016, Hongkong
q Asia Pacific Video Operators Summit (APOS), Media Partners Asia, Apr 26th-28th 2016, Denpasar

Professional Association
q Asosiasi Penyelenggara Multimedia Indonesia (APMI), Ketua Bidang Penyiaran & OTT (2019-now)
q Member of IEEE, Mastel, Asia Video Industry Association (AVIA), Asia Pacific Broadcasting (APB)
q IEEE Communication Society (Comsoc) Indonesia Chapter, Vice Chair (2012-2014)
q Fika (Alumni Swedia Cooperative), Secretary (2017-2019)

Speaking Engagements
q UPH Jakarta, Telkom University Bandung, UGM Yogyakarta, Kalbis Institute, Informa Telecoms,
5G Asia Conference 2017, Small Cell Asia Conference 2013, IEEE 5G Training Indonesia 2014
Content

01 Introduction

02 5G Video and Technology Components

Video Technologies: Compression, Codec,
03 Streaming, HDR, WCG

04 TV Video Industry in Indonesia

05 Future Research in Video Broadcasting

PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia, Tbk.

*as of May 6th, 2019

Subsidiaries, Associated Companies, and Joint Ventures

Notes:
Global IP Traffic and TV Set Trends
By 2022, video will account for 82% of global IP traffic
4K enables immersive experience

More colorful More clear More smooth

4K
HDTV

+
2013 2016 2020
HDTV 4K TV/2K Mobile 8K TV VR 8K+ TV Holographi
c
Bandwidth
Requirement 30M 100M 1G 10G 100G
Ready NOW
Everything Becomes Digital and Connected
Commerce Customer

Need of
Ultra Broadband
for Ultra Connected Society
TV Provider Home Cinema

Id-Con
Id-Ring
Id-Access
Transportation User

Source : Ultrabroadband by N. Jaya Prakash, 2014 Modified by Telkom

7
Global participation in Digital Economy
4G takes the lead, while 5G launches begin

Economic Impact of Broadband Worldwide

2.5
Percentage impact on a country’s GDP

2.0 2.0
1.8
1.5 1.5 1.4

1.0
0.8
0.6
0.5

0.0 0.0 Source:

1
0.0 The economic contribution of broadband, digitization and ICT regulation, ITU 2018, ISBN: 978-92-61-27711-6,
World average
Countries
<$12,000
Countries
$12,000-$22,000
Countries
>$22,000
https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Regulatory-Market/Documents/FINAL_1d_18-00513_Broadband-and-Digital-Transformation-E.pdf
2
The Mobile Economy 2019, GSMA Intellegence,
Fixed broadband Mobile broadband https://www.gsmaintelligence.com/research/?file=b9a6e6202ee1d5f787cfebb95d3639c5&download
 Palapa Ring

Philippines
Singapore Guam
Manado

Papua New Guinea

Palapa Ring, Australia
FO 12,145 Km,
Seluruh Indonesia

Jakarta Timika
Telkom, FO 155.000 Km,
Seluruh Indonesia Makassar
Australia
Koneksi International
Icon +, FO 69,000 Km,
Java, Bali, Sumatera,
Kalimantan, Sulawesi

Moratel, FO 30,000 Km, Biznet, FO 21,000 Km, Fiberstar, FO 3,400 Km, Java, Pgas COM, FO 4,000 Km, Sumatera, LintasArta, 200 Kota,
Java, Bali, Sumatera Java, Bali, Sumatera Bali, Sumatera Jakarta di Indonesia
9
 The way People are watching now…

Watch time of YouTube on

television screens alone
tops over 250 million
hours per day.2

Streaming is mainstream. Viewership and watch time continue to climb.

1
Comscore OTT Intelligence, U.S., over-the-top (OTT) is any video streamed on “a device that can connect to a TV, or functionality within the TV itself, to facilitate the
delivery of internet-based video content, such as Roku, Apple TV, Smart TVs, game consoles, etc., Oct. 2016–April 2018
2 YouTube Internal Data, Global, Based on 90-day average of watch time for living-room devices including smart TVs, Roku/Apple TV, and game consoles, Dec. 2018.
 Online Video Streaming Trends
More than half of 18- to 49- year olds are either light viewers
of TV or don’t subscribe to TV, according to Nielsen.3

3
Google-commissioned Nielsen Custom Fusion Study, U.S., Desktop, mobile, and TV fusion, TV measurement of television distribution sources, reach among people 18–49, May 2018.
4 Google-commissioned Nielsen Custom Fusion Study, U.S., Desktop, mobile, and TV fusion, TV measurement of television distribution sources, reach among persons 18–49, May 2018.
Content

01 Introduction

02 5G Video and Technology Components

Video Technologies: Compression, Codec,
03 Streaming, HDR, WCG

04 TV Video Industry in Indonesia

05 Future Research in Video Broadcasting

 Business Model 5G Enables New Capabilities

>10 Gbps 100 Mbps

q Ambitious targets have
Peak data rates whenever needed been set for 5G, with data
rates up to 20 Gbps and
10.000 capacity increased by 1,000
x more traffic
10-100 times.
X more devices
q The technology also needs
to provide a flexible
<1 ms platform for new services
M2M Radio latency
Ultra low cost such as massive Internet of
Things (IoT) and critical
machine communication
Ultra with low latency and ultra-
10 years
on battery reliability high reliability

Source: Nokia
Unlocking 5G Growth Requires 5G Operating Model

3D video, UHD screens (Broadcasting)

Augmented Reality

Source: TM Forum Research, Layer123 Network Transformation Congress 2019. 5G Triangle’ Diagram ITU
https://techblog.comsoc.org/2019/05/03/layer-123-network-transformation-congress-unlocking-5g-growth-requires-new-operating-model/
Gartner Hype Cycle

Gartner Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies 2019 Gartner Hype Cycle for Connected Home 2018

Source: Gartner
https://www.gartner.com/en/documents/3956015/hype-cycle-for-emerging-technologies-2019
https://www.gartner.com/en/documents/3884568/hype-cycle-for-the-connected-home-2018
Emerging Technology in Broadcasting and Media

Cloud Artificial Intelligence Internet Protocol 5G Development

Ultra HD Virtual Reality Blockchain Massive MIMO & Beamforming

5G Technology Components
1) New Spectrum: Kecepatan data yang
sangat tinggi hingga 20 Gbps
memerlukan bandwidth hingga 1-2 GHz
yang tersedia di pita frekuensi yang lebih
tinggi
2) Massive MIMO Beamforming dapat
meningkatkan efisiensi spektral dan
jangkauan jaringan secara substansial.
3) Network slicing menciptakan segmen
jaringan virtual untuk berbagai kasus
penggunaan dalam Jaringan 5G yang
sama
4) Dual Connectivity: dapat digunakan
bersama dengan LTE. Perangkat 5G
secara bersamaan dapat terhubung ke 5G
dan LTE. Konektivitas ganda dapat
meningkatkan kecepatan data pengguna
dan memungkinkan
5) Edge Computing: 5G memiliki dukungan
internal untuk implementasi cloud
dengan jaringan akses radio terbuka dan
Source: Nokia, 5G Technology Components White Paper, 2017
https://onestore.nokia.com/asset/201378
edge computing
5G Spectrum in Indonesia

can’t travel through building

mmWave
absorbed by trees and rain

Source: Kominfo - Tim Peneliti Puslitbang SDPPI. “Studi Lanjutan 5G Indonesia 2018 Spektrum Outlook dan
Use Case untuk Layanan 5G Indonesia”.
https://balitbangsdm.kominfo.go.id/?mod=publikasi&a=dl&page_id=464&cid=29&download_id=198
Edge Computing – the motivation
 What is Edge Computing
Edge Computing: small data centres at the network edge that offer connected
compute and storage resources right next to the user

Example Use Cases:

▸ Virtual reality application
with wireless connection
▸ Assisted driving application
for cars

Source:
1
IEEE Communication Magazine May 2019 Vol.57 No.5, Fog Services and Enabling Technologies
2
IEEE Communication Magazine Aug 2018 Vol.56 No.8, Multi-Access Mobile Edge Computing for Heterogeneous IoT
3 IEEE Communication Magazine Aug 2017 Vol.55 No.8, Fog Computing and Networking
4 IEEE Communication Magazine Apr 2017 Vol.55 No.4, Fog Computing and Networking
Content

01 Introduction

02 5G Video and Technology Components

Video Technologies: Compression, Codec,
03 Streaming, HDR, WCG

04 TV Video Industry in Indonesia

05 Future Research in Video Broadcasting

Beyond
BeyondHD
HDand
and4K
4KVideo
Video
4K 8K
els
re pix
mo

HD
bet
ter
pix
els
High Bit Depth to avoid banding

High Frame Rate for sharp motion

Wide Color Gamut for more colors

for viewing contrasts in

High Dynamic Range both light and dark areas,
utilizing the range of the
Human Visual System
 Beyond
Beyond HD HD
andand
4K4K Video
Video

Higher Spatial Resolution (4K) More Pixels

Higher Temporal Resolution

(Frame Rate) Faster Pixels

Larger Luminance Range (HDR) &

Collor Palette (WCG) Better Pixels

Source:
1
E. François, C. Fogg, Y. He, X. Li, A. Luthra and A. Segall, "High Dynamic Range and Wide Color Gamut Video Coding in HEVC: Status and Potential Future Enhancements," in IEEE Transactions on Circuits and
Systems for Video Technology, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 63-75, Jan. 2016. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7174544
2
ITU-R BT.2100 defines various aspects of high dynamic range (HDR) video such as display resolution (HDTV and UHDTV), bit depth, Bit Values (Files), frame rate, chroma subsampling, color space
3 ITU-R BT.2020 defines various aspects of ultra-high-definition television (UHDTV) with standard dynamic range (SDR) and wide color gamut (WCG), including picture resolutions, frame rates with progressive

scan, bit depths, color primaries

 Video Compression

• A typical 24bit 1080p @30fps video

requires 1.5 Gbps transmission rate

• Making it unrealistic to transmit

• So video compression is a core aspect

of realtime video streaming

Source: Leo F. Isikdogan, PhD (working at Intel Corp).

http://www.isikdogan.com/blog/how-video-compression-works.html
 Codec (Encoding – Decoding)

• Encoding part compresses the data making it easier to store and transmit
• Decoder part reverses this process, recreating the original data as close as possible

Source: Leo F. Isikdogan, PhD (working at Intel Corp).

http://www.isikdogan.com/blog/how-video-compression-works.html
 Image Compression

• In simple terms, images

are compressed by
throwing out information
that is less visible to
human eyes

• And storing redundant

data efficiently.

Source: Leo F. Isikdogan, PhD (working at Intel Corp).

http://www.isikdogan.com/blog/how-video-compression-works.html
Video Compression

• Applying the image compression Spatial (intra-frame) coding

method frame-by-frame in a
video is called Spatial (intra-
frame) coding

• Also, in a typical video many

consecutive frames are almost
identical
• This Temporal (inter-frame) Temporal (inter-frame) redundancy
redundancycan be reduced to
compress videos over time
28
 Video Compression

Source: Leo F. Isikdogan, PhD (working at Intel Corp).

http://www.isikdogan.com/blog/how-video-compression-works.html
Most Common Video Codecs 2019

• H.264/AVC
• H.265/HEVC
• VP9
• AOMedia Video 1 (AV1)
• Versatile Video Coding (VVC)

30
 MPEG Video Standard

ITU-T

JTC1/SC29/WG11
Joint Video Team (JVT) • Motion Picture
Engineering Group
(MPEG)

ISO/IEC
(International
Electrotechnical
Commission)

Source: MPEG website https://mpeg.chiariglione.org/

Leonardo Chiariglione is the chairman and co-founded the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) together with Hiroshi Yasuda.
 A Brief History of MPEG (really brief)

Source: Leonardo Chiariglione’ blog

http://blog.chiariglione.org/mpeg-what-it-did-is-doing-will-do/
http://blog.chiariglione.org/compression-the-technology-for-the-digital-age/
H.264 vs H.265

H.265 (yang juga dikenal sebagai HEVC = High

Efficiency Video Coding) adalah standar kompresi
video yang merupakan salah satu kandidat penerus
format H.264/MPEG-4 AVC.

Secara umum H.265 memiliki beberapa kelebihan

dibandingkan H.264 seperti: better compression,
delicate image
dan bandwidth saving.
33
Live Video Streaming Components

• Camera • Media Servers

• Codecs • Content Delivery Network(CDN)
• Protocols • User devices & Media Players
Live Video Streaming Components

35
Live Video Streaming Components

36
Live Video Streaming Components

37
Live Video Streaming Components

38
Streaming Protocols

39
Live Streaming using Open-Source and Raspberry Pi

Raspberry Pi
Content

01 Introduction

02 5G Video and Technology Components

Video Technologies: Compression, Codec,
03 Streaming, HDR, WCG

04 TV Video Industry in Indonesia

05 Future Research in Video Broadcasting

OTT Video Services in Indonesia
TV Broadcasting Landscape
Government

Private, Advertising

Income

Private, Subscription

Community, TV About 3000+

Digital migration soon
43
Media Ownership
01.

02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
07. Others

44
Media Concentration in Indonesia

45
Asia Pacific Pay-TV and Broadband Market

Source: Media Partners Asia, 2019

1. Percent of Pay TV penetration and Pay TV subscribers

2. Free-to-Air satellite subscribers are excluded from numbers above
3. Total Broadband includes mobile and fixed broadband subscribers
TV Video Value Chain

47
Content

01 Introduction

02 5G Video and Technology Components

Video Technologies: Compression, Codec,
03 Streaming, HDR, WCG

04 TV Video Industry in Indonesia

05 Future Research in Video Broadcasting

Video-Related Research Topics
▸ 5G Multimedia Communications
▸ Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR)
▸ Video Compression
▸ Edge Computing
▸ Video Camera Technologies
▸ Consumer Electronics Devices

49
References

50
VIDEO IN 5G COMMUNICATIONS
Syllabus:
A. Introduction to Global Video Trends
B. IPTV
• What is IPTV
• IPTV System Architecture & Standards
• Multicast vs Unicast
• Digital Rights Management
C. OTT (Over The Top) Video
• Basic Streaming Process
• Live Video Streaming Components
• Streaming protocols: UDP, Adobe RTMP, RTP,
Apple HLS, Smooth Streaming, MPEG-DASH,
CMAF, Web-RTC
• Media Delivery over the Internet (CDN)
• Video Compression
• Digital Video Codec
• Video Streaming over Mobile Networks
D. Video Requirements in 5G Communications
• 5G Communications Update
• Beyond HD and 4K Video
• High Dynamic Range (HDR)
• Wide Color Gamut (WCG)
• Immersive Video: Virtual Reality (VR),
Augmented Reality (AR), 3600 video
• Edge Computing
E. TV Video Industry
• TV Broadcasting Landscape in Indonesia
• Asia Pacific Pay-TV and Broadband Market
• Content and TV-Video Value Chain
• Indonesia Advertising Business Landscape