Introduction to Mobile

Communications
EHB 453
2022 – 2023
Ibraheem Shayea
Electronics and Communication Engineering Department,
Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi - İTÜ
 Syllabus 13

Cellular ( Mobile ) Networks

5G Mobile Technology
 ?
Introduction To:
5G Technology and Its Future Trends

Ibraheem Shayea
Electronics and Communication Engineering Department,
Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi - İTÜ
Objectives
What should learn from this lecturer ?
❖ This lecture will lead to having a general understanding regarding :

o The Concept of 5G Technology

o The Motivations Leading to Develop 5G Tech.?

o 5G Key Requirements and Performance Indicators

o Features, new Technologies, and Deployment Scenarios in 5G

o 5G IoT Use Cases

o Job Opportunities and Research Area based on 5G Technology

Outline
❖ What is 5G System ?
❖ Motivations Leading to Develop 5G Tech.?
❖ 5G IoT Use Cases
❖ Where 5G will be Implemented ?
❖ 5G Key Requirements
❖ 5G Features
❖ 5G Key Enabling Technologies
❖ Deployment Scenarios
❖ 5G Use Cases
❖ When 5G will be Implemented ?
❖ 5G Research Area
What is 5G System ?
What is 5G System ?

(New Radio)
 ?

9
What is 5G System ?
A. New Significant Improvements

Speed

Cloud Latency

5G
Mobility Coverag
Support e
What is 5G System’ ?
B. Massive Number of 5G IoT Use Cases

Smart Healthcare Smart Industries Smart Agricultures Smart Grids

Intelligent CCTVs Smart Educations Autonomous Vehicles Smart Drones

Smart Homes Smart Cities Smart Robots More Smart IoT

 What is 5G System ?
A & B will lead to Connected world

12
Motivations Leading to Develop 5G Tech.?
Motivations Leading to Develop 5G Tech.?
According to Samsung:

Exabytes (EB)
14

Source: Samsung, 5G, White Paper, 2015

Motivations Leading to Develop 5G Tech.?
According to ERICSSON:

The global mobile data traffc will The mobile data traffc for Asia Historic mobile data traffc for South East
increase around 10-times by 2021 as Pacifc will increase by 11-times Asia and Oceania will increase over 14-
compared to 2015 [3]. between the periods of 2014 to 2020 times between the period of 2015 - and –
[2]. 2021 [1].

According to CISCO:

The Global mobile data traffic by 2020 By 2020 Asia Pacific mobile data
will be around 8-times greater than in traffic will be approximately 9-times
2015 [4]. larger than in 2015 [4].
Motivations Leading to Develop 5G Tech.?
According to ERICSSON (November 2019)

Source: Ericsson (November 2019) Source: https://www.ericsson.com/en/mobility-report/

Motivations Leading to Develop 5G Tech.?
What are the Drivers for Data Demand Growth?
❑ Factors of Increasing Data Traffic

Diversities in the New Most of Social Networks Huge Increase of Using

Portable Devices Accessed by Mobile Mobile Internet

Massive Increase of Mobile Radically Growing in the Growing of Machine-To-

Application Video Traffic Machine Traffic
Motivations Leading to Develop 5G Tech.?
What are the Drivers for Data Demand Growth?
❑ Factors of Increasing Data Traffic

Network - User Experience Decreasing in the Cost and Multiple Policy Initiative in
Improvement Prices Promoting the Use of
Mobile Broadband

Demographics of the User-Age That is Potential Area in Increasing the

Broader Data Demand
Motivations Leading to Develop 5G Tech.?
What are the Drivers for Data Demand Growth?
❑ Factors of Increasing Data Traffic
Time for accessing data is increased further

In-building Outdoor Walking

Driving Subway High-speed train

5G IoT Use Cases
IoT Applications in 5G System ?
5G IoT Use Cases
Massive Number of IoT use cases in Various Environments

Smart Healthcare Smart Industries Smart Agricultures Smart Grids

Intelligent CCTVs Smart Educations Autonomous Vehicles Smart Drones

Smart Homes Smart Cities Smart Robots More Smart IoT

5G IoT Use Cases
Smart Home

22
5G IoT Use Cases
Smart Buildings

23
5G IoT Use Cases
Smart Grid
5G IoT Use Cases
Smart Farming
5G IoT Use Cases
Smart Industry (Industry Automation)
5G IoT Use Cases
Smart City

27
5G IoT Use Cases
Smart Parking o IoT can turn average garage into a connected smart
garage.

o The smart parking sensors are able to detect whether a

parking spot is free or not.

o Most parking lots today can detect how many free space
available, but this technology will take it to the next level
by pinpointing exactly where those free space are?

o It will reduce congestion, carbon emission, and saving

end-users’ time and money.

Empty
Park
5G IoT Use Cases
Connected Mangroves
❖ Enables the community to monitor in real- ❖ This solution will allows the community to take
❖ Enabling better management of
time Monitoring for weather condition, action when an alarms is raised as a results of the
new sapling growth.
temperature, water level, humidity, fair, and weather condition changes.
salinity.
5G IoT Use Cases
Self driving Cars IoT
5G IoT Use Cases
Smart Metering
Smart Metering
o Optimize energy distribution, reduce operating expenses, and
improve customer service with clear visibility of power usage.

Smart Meter Manager

o This solution help to deliver a robust, scalable and cost-effective
platform that supports metering operations with less cost and
without disruption

o This solution will help utilities companies to increase operational

efficiency

o You only need sim card to install in the smart meter then the
meter data will be automatically reported to the IT cloud.
5G Key Requirements
and Performance Indicators
5G Key Requirements and Performance Indicators
What are the Main key:
requirements in 5G?
Performance Indicators in 5G?

33
5G Features
5G Features

Very High Speed

Everything on Cell Edge

Cloud Enhancement

Ultra- Reliable Very High

Capacity
Communication
5G
Features
Low Latency Wider Coverage

Support High Massive IoT

Mobility Applications
Massive M2M
Connections
5G Features
Very High Speed (Data Rate)
5G provides very high data rate as compare to 3G and 4G systems

36
5G Features
Cell Edgeless RAN - 100 Mbps Anywhere

37
5G Features
Ultra Capacity

Wide Bandwidth
Up to
High Data Rate
1GHz 35000 10 ~ 20
5G
4G+ 0.1
1
30000 Gbps
Generation

4G 0.02
0.00
Capacity [times]

3G
5 25000
0.00
2G
02
0.00
1G
003
0 1 2 20000
BW [ GHz]

15000

10000
Network ultra- Massive
5000
Densification MIMO
0
1G 3G 4G 5G
5G Features
Wider Coverage
5G Features
Massive IoT Applications
5G Features
Massive IoT Applications

Support of Huge Number of Mobile Applications

41
5G Features
Support of Massive M2M Connections
5G Features
Massive Number of Connected Devices

Source: Electronic Environment: www.electronic.nu Source: Ali, Abdelmohsen, et. 2015, “Next Generation M2M
Cellular Networks: Challenges and Practical Considerations. IEEE
Communications Magazine.

43

Source: Ericsson
5G Features
Massive Number of Connected Devices
According to Samsung:

Source: Samsung, 5G, White Paper, 2015

5G Features
Massive Number of Connected Devices
According to ERICSSON (November 2019)

Source: Ericsson (November 2019) Source: https://www.ericsson.com/en/mobility-report/

5G Features
Support High Mobility
5G Features
Ultra Low Latency

47
5G Features
Ultra- Reliable Communication
Critical Control Remote Devices

• Very Good Coverage

• Very High Data Rate
• Very Lower Latency

5G BS
5G Features
Ultra- Reliable Communication Critical Remote Control Applications
5G Features
Ultra- Reliable Communication

What will happen if the connection reliability decrease?

50
5G Features
Ultra- Reliable Communication Critical Remote Control Applications

What will happen if the connection reliability decrease?

51
5G Features
Everything on Cloud

Cloud
5G Key Enabling Technologies
 5G Key Enabling Technologies
How 5G requirements could be achieved ?

mm-wave

Advanced Massive
Technologies MIMO

Key Enabling
Technologies

Beamforming
Cellular IoT

Network
ultra-
densification
5G Key Enabling Technologies
Mobile mmWave Frequency band

Wider available bandwidth in mm-wave frequency bands > 10 GHz

5G Key Enabling Technologies
Mobile mmWave Frequency band
5G Potential Bands

56
5G Key Enabling Technologies
Massive MIMO

It will enhance:
o Network capacity
o Coverage
o Cell edge throughput
o Spectral efficiency

57
5G Key Enabling Technologies
Massive MIMO

Massive MIMO (100x100 MIMO)

Massive MIMO
• The revolutionary possibilities that emerge
when base stations are equipped with a
large number of antennas are promising.

• Massive MIMO will be used in all wireless

projects eventually.
5G Key Enabling Technologies
Beamforming

59
5G Key Enabling Technologies
Network ultra-densification
5G Key Enabling Technologies
Network ultra-densification

WiFi

61
5G Key Enabling Technologies
Cellular IoT

62
5G Key Enabling Technologies
Advanced Technologies

Advanced :

❖ Network Architectures

❖ Small Base Stations

❖ Multiple Access Scheme

❖ Mobility and Self-Optimization Models

❖ Modulation Scheme

❖ Coding Scheme

❖ Scheduling Technique

❖ … etc
5G Deployment Scenarios
5G Deployment Scenarios
Ex: Multimedia and Massive Number of Cells
5G

1G 2G 3G 4G
5G Deployment Scenarios
5G Deployment Scenarios
When 5G will be Implemented?
When 5G will be Implemented?
5G Timelines

69
When 5G will be Implemented?
5G Timelines

70
5G Research Area
5G Job and Business Opportunities
Research Area in 5G Networks
Propagation of Millimeter waves in 5G Technology

Advanced Multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) in 5G Technology

Network Functions Virtualization in 5G Technology

Software Defined Networking (SDN) in 5G System

Spectrum Sharing in 5G Networks

Mobility Management in 5G Networks and IoT Technology

Mobile Edge Computing

Machine and Deep Learning in 5G Networks

Big Data Analysis

IoT Technology
Thank you
1) fif Osseiran et. el, “5G Mobile and Wireless Communications Technology”, Cambridge University Press, 2016.
2) Anwer Al-Dulaimi et. el, “5G Networks: Fundamental Requirements, Enabling Technologies, and Operations “, Wiley, 2018.
3) Devaki Chandramouli et. el, “5G for the Connected World”, Wiley, 2019.
4) Amitav Mukherjee, “5G New Radio: Beyond Mobile Broadband”, ARTECH House, 2020.

5) Source – NGMN White Paper, 2015, https://www.ngmn.org/de/5g-white-paper/5g-white-paper.html

6) https://www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2017/12/18/five-wireless-inventions-define-5g-nr-global-5g-standard