Student number: PENRITH SELECTIVE HIGH SCHOOL 2019 TRIAL EXAMINATION HSC BIOLOGY General Instructions PART A - Multiple Choice (20) + Reading time - 5 minutes ° Attempt Questions 1 ~ 20 ° Exam time ~3 hrs + Allow about 30 minutes for this part + Board-approved calculators may be «Use the multiple choice answer sheet a found at the end of this paper Write using blue or black pen PART B - Free Response Questions (80) + Attempt Questions 16 ~34 + Answers written in pencil may be disqualified from review TOTAL MARKS 100 THIS EXAM PAPER MUST BE SUBMITTED AT THE END OF THE EXAMINATIONPART A - MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS Attempt Questions 1-20 Allow about 30 minutes for this part Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for questions 1-20 Question 1 Which of the following is a correct definition of a pathogen? (A) A chemical substance that is recognised as foreign by the immune system (B) A bacterium or virus (©) Aninfectious agent that causes disease in its host (D) A disease caused by a parasite Question 2 The best explanation for the reason why organ transplants should trigger an immune response is (A) Antigens on transplanted organs are recognised as foreign by the patient’s immune system (B) Foreign cells in transplanted organs attack the patient's cells (C) Interferons and histamines in the patient are stimulated by surgical procedures (D) Organ transplantation can cause an imbalance in microflora Question 3 Advantages of intemal fertilisation in animals include; (A) More offspring produced and reduced risk of desiccation of gametes (B) _ Increased desiccation of gametes and increased opportunity to consume mate during intercourse (©) Reduced risk of desiccation and greater survival rate of offspring (D) _ Less opportunity for mating and increased dehydration of eggsQuestion 4 A researcher was investigating the pathogens associated with a potentially life threatening, infectious disease. She identified the likely cause of the disease to be a bacterium. In planning her research she decided to use nutrient agar plates to grow colonies of bacteria. Safe work practices involved in this investigation would aim to; (A) _ Kill all likely pathogens before they infect researchers (B) Prevent researchers from studying the micrabe (C)__ Prevent handling organisms from contaminating the laboratory and prevent organisms in a laboratory environment from contaminating the work (D) Ensure free access to the laboratory for all persons interested in the outcome of the work Question 5 Consider the diagram of the human menstrual cycle y & yhoO@ OMe - é ihe : Growing follicle Ovulation Corpus luteum ie period h 8 ' ses i gas I Ze ie 235 1 ' Menses ! << Follicular phase —s | ~ 3 é é PQRS Animal type Ambient temperature (°C) Which animal would most likely be a desert mammal? (A) Animal P @) Animal Q (©) Animal R (D)Animal $PART B - FREE RESPONSE QUESTIONS Attempt Questions 21 —35 Allow 2.5 hours for PART B Question 21 The table below show various pathogens and the diseases that they cause [Pathogen Description Example of disease 7 ‘An abnormal form ofa Creuzfeld-Jakob Disease normally harmless protein Virus ‘Asmall infectious agent that | Measles replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Bacteria Single-celled prokaryotic rH microorganism Protozoa Unicellular eukaryotic Malaria organisms related to animals Fungi Eukaryotic parasitic ‘Tinea ‘organisms = feet Macroparasite | Multicellular animals [Pascioliasis (liver fluke)_ Identify A: paseo gira eee im Identify B: Im Question 22 Describe the use of ONE named plant that continues to be employed in Aboriginal Bush Medicine. 3m 10Question 23 Construct a flow diagram to summarise the stages of an acquired immune response to a pathogen, sm 1Question 24 Consider the data below which presents information on Dengue fever. Table 3. Reported number of dengue cases, deaths, and case fatality rates (CFRs) from Cambodia, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Viet Nam and Australia, 2007 to 2011° 2008 ae 7010 ott cre cer, ceR orn ay c38ea Deaths CER casos oratie (i Cases Desa o 8 0 0 1 0 0 1m 0 0 mo 0 © 102 962 65 068 11690 S802 12600 38 040 15000 73 048 Cases Daathe 00s ave 2 ost 724 O17 mom a8 020 3005018 a20 40306 12 020 Ayame 0 021 wet 104 020 ram 38 O48 09% 20e20 573 004 57910 GAB 005 105285 700 O80 T25O7S Bat O 027 701 10 OM 40076 ON 523 © ON 55 Ot suas 00 0046 97 010 105370 87 08 waa 5S 04 wooND Bi 00D eRe * Source Wes Heath Ongritaten West Fase Rein Os based on cata pores ye Member Ses *Daepe sei an aon stent cast a) Apart from Australia, which TWO countries have the lowest average case fatality rate for the years in the data? 2m b) Dengue fever is a viral disease transmitted by 2 mosquito vector. Explain why dengue fever up until the 20% century was restricted to South East Asia, is now found throughout the tropical regions of the world 3m 12Question 25 The diagram below shows a model of a virus. ~~ Glycoprotein ff re “= Membrane Protein — Envelop Capsid/RNA a) Explain how changes in the nucleic acid sequence of a virus could affect the immune system's ability to recognise the virus and thereby combat a possible infection. Disouss the effectiveness of a vaccine created to prevent the development of this, disease om 1314Question 26 As part of an independent research project, a student studied a genetic condition suffered by members of his family. The student wrote the following summary: [am male and I have the condition My mother does not have the condition My father and his brother have the condition My father's sister and my father’s mother do not have the condition My father’s father has the condition Construct a pedigree for this family 4m 15b) The student made the following conclusion from his study. “ as only males have the condition, it must be a sex-linked genetic condition.” Assess the validity of the student’s conclusion, and provide support for your assessment. 4m Question 27 Use labelled diagrams to highlight the essential differences between mitosis and meiosis. 4m 16Question 28 Consider the diagram below which shows the processes of transcription and translation, oy RNA polymerase polypeptide 17Evaluate the usefulness of the models of transcription and translation shown in the diagram. 6m 18