इंटरनेट मानक

Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information

Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to
information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities,
in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of
education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the
timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”

Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru
“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”

IS 4894 (1987): Centrifugal fans [ETD 5: Electric Fans]

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”

Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता ह”

है”
ह
Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”
 .

IS 5 4894 9 1987
( Reaffirmed 1999 )
Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
-\
.’) CENTRIFUGAL FANS
( First, ,&vision )

UDC 621.635-83
.
.

Q Copyright 1988

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002 .“q

Gr 7 Octobw 1988 . ‘. ’
_.,Y _.--._ I-
i
./’i., )
 IS I 4894 - 1987

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATIONFOR
CENTRIFUGALFANS
( First Revision )

O.FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard ( First Revision ) was are capable of working against pressures.
adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on
27 August 1987, after the draft finalized by the 0.4 In preparing this standard, some assistance
Electric Fans Sectional Committee had been has been drawn from BS 848 : Part 1 : 1980
approved by the Electrotechnical Division ‘Fans for general purposes : Part 1 Methods of
Council. testing performance’, issued by the British Stand-
ards Institution.
0.2 This standard was originally published in
1968. This revision has been undertaken to take 0.5 For the purpose of deciding whether a parti-
into account the experience gained since then and
cular requirement of this standard is complied
to align some of the safety requirements with the
with, the final value, observed or calculated,
provisions of IS : 302-1979*. The amendments
expressing the result of a test, shall be rounded
issued to the previous edition of the standard
off in accordance with IS : 2-1960*. The number
have also been incorporated in this revision.
of significant places retained in the rounded OK
0.3 The centrifugal fans covered by this standard value should be the same as that of the specified
value in this standard.
*General and safety requirements for household and
similar electrical appliances ( jifth rez~ision ). *Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised).

1. SCOPE NOTE- In this specification, the term ‘fan’ shall

be used to mean centrifugal fan as supplied, without
1.1 This standard covers the requirements and any addition to the inlet or outlet, except where such
tests for centrifugal fans having impeller directly addition is specified.
coupled to the shaft of electric motors or indire- 2.3 Air - The term air has been used as an
ctly driven by electric motors. In the case of abbreviation for ‘air or an other gas’ except
indirectly driven fans, the electric motor shall where referred to as ‘atmosp K eric air’.
conform to the relevant Indian Standard.
2.4 Standard Air - Atmospheric air having a
I.2 The fans for use under free flow conditions specified weight of 1.2 kg/m3 which is dry air at
are excluded from the scope of this standard. 20°C with a barometric pressure of 760 mm Hg
(W
1.3 Centrifugal fans for use in mines and hazar-
dous atmospheres may require additional requi- 2.5 Absolute Pressure - That pressure which
rements to be met, not covered by this standard. is exerted equally in all directions at a point.
The absolute pressure of the ambient atmosphere
2. TERMINOLOGY is the barometric pressure.
2.0 For the purpose of this standard, the follow- 2.6 Static Pressure - The difference between
ing definitions, in addition to those given in IS : the absolute pressure at a point and absolute
1885 ( Part 55 )-1981*, shall apply. pressure of the ambient atmosphere. It is positive
when above and negative when below the ambi-
2.1 Centrifugal Fan - A fan in which the air ent pressure.
leaves the impeller in a direction substantially at
right angles to its axis. 2.7 Velocity Pressure - The pressure equival-
ent of the air velocity at any particular point. It
2.2 Fan - A rotary machine which maintains a is always positive.
continuous flow of air at a pressure ratio not
normally exceeding 1.3. 2.8 Total Pressure - The algebraic sum of the
static pressure and velocity pressure at any parti-
*Electrotechnical vocabulary: Part 55 Electric fans. cular point.

1
 IS : 4894 - 1987

2.9 Fan Total Pressure (Pt) - The algebraic constructed as to allow the air to flow past with-
difference between the total pressure at the fan out disturbance.
outlet pressure and the total pressure at the fan
inlet ( see also Fig. 1 ). 2.25 Facing Tube or Total Pressure Tube -
An open-ended tube, the axis of which is coinci-
NOTE - The difference in pressures is the mean
dent with the direction of the air stream in which
pressure when facing tube reading is employed.
it is placed. the open-end facing upstream, that
2.10 Fan Velocity Pressure ( P, ) - The is, against the directibn of flow.
velocity pressure corresponding to the average
velocity at the fan outlet based on the total out- 2.26 Pitot Tube - A combination of side tube
let area. and facing tube as one unit.

2.11 Fan Static Pressure ( P, ) - The differ- 2.27 Size of Fan - The blade sweep in milli-
ence between the fan total pressure and the fan metres, the blade sweep being the diameter of
velocity pressure at the fan outlet. the circle traced by the periphery of the impeller.
This is also commonly known as wheel diameter.
2.12 Inlet Volume - The volume per unit time
of air entering the fan ( Q) expressed in ms/h.
2.28 Cooling Air Temperature - The tempe-
2.13 Air Power ( Total ) - That part of the rature of the surrounding atmosphere in which
energy, per unit time, imparted by the fan to the the fan operates.
air in increasing its total pressure from that at
the inlet to that at the outlet. 2.29 Rating

2.14 Air Power ( Static ) - This is equal to 2.29.1 Fan Performance Rating - The work
the air power ( total ) minus the nominal kinetic capable of being done by the fan over its entire
energy per unit time at the outlet. range of operation expressed in terms of volume
2.15 Impeller Power - The energy input per handled per unit time against total pressure
generated at shaft powers indicated. This is
unit time to the fan impeller.
normally shown in graphical fashion, following
2.16 Shaft Power - The energy input per unit performance tests carried out in accordance
time to the fan shaft including the power absor- with 10.
bed by such parts of the transmission system as
constitute an int!egral part of the fan, for example, 2.29.2 Point of Rating of a Fan - A statement
. _ fan shaft bearings. of fan performance for one condition of operation
and includes fan size, volume, pressure and
2.17 Fan Duty ( Total ) - The inlet volume horsepower, to which fan laws are applicable.
dealt with by the fan at a stated fan total
pressure. 2.30 Type Tests - Tests carried out to prove
2.18 Fan Duty ( Static ) - The inlet volume conformity with the requirements of this stand-
dealt with by the fan at a stated fan static ard. These are intended to prove general quali-
pressure. ties and design of given type of fan.

2.19 Fan Total Efficiency - The ratio of the 2.31 Routine Tests - Tests. carried out on
air power ( total ) to the impeller power, each fan to check the essential requirements
which are likely to vary during production.
2.20 Fan Static Efficiency - The ratio of the
air power ( static ) to the impeller power. 2.32 Acceptance Tests - Tests carried out on
2.21 Average Fan Total EBkiency - The samples selected from a lot for the purpose of
ratio of the air power ( total ) to the shaft verifying the acceptability of the lot.
power.
2.32.1 Lot - All fans of the same type, grade,
2.22 Average Fan Static Efficiency - The category and rating, manufactured by the same
ratio of the air power ( static ) to the shaft factory during the same period, using the same
power. process and materials.

2.23 Side Tube or Static Pressure Tube - A

3. SIZES
tube which allows air to flow without disturbance
past one or more small orifices having their axis
at right angles to the direction of air stream in 3.1 The following shall be the preferred sizes:
which it is placed.
150, 225, 300, 375, 450, 600, 750, 900, 1 200
and 1 500 mm.
2.24 Side Tapping or Static Pressure Tapp
ing - A small opening in the wall of an airway, NOTE - Sizes of fans specified above are subject to
having its axis at right angles to the wall and so a tolerance of f 5 mm.

2
 IS : 4894 - 1987

BOOSTER FAN

BLOWING FAN

FAN STATIC FAN TOTAL

PRESSURE PRESSURE
FAN TOTAL
PRESSURE

1A Fan Ducted at Outlet only 1B Fan Ducted at Outlet and Inlet

EXTRACT FAN

1C Fan Ducted at Inlet only

FIG. 1 DIAGRAMMATIC ILLUSTRATIONSOF FAN PRESSUREDEFINITIONS

4. RATED VOLTAGE impeller assembly shall be securely fixed so that

it does not loosen in operation.
4.1 The preferred rated voltages for centrifugal
fans shall be 230 and 240 V, single-phase; and 6.4 Mounting - The mea.ns provided for secur-
400 and 415 V, 3-phase ( see IS : 585-1962* ). ing the fan mounting or fan casing shall be such
as to provide a secure fixing. Where the casing
5. RATED FREQUENCY contains members to be clamped against an
5.1 The rated frequency shall be the standard exterior wall, these shall be capable of being
frequency of 50 Hz. sealed to prevent the ingress of rain-water at tne
point of attachment.
NOTE- Nevertheless, fans made for other freque-
ncies shall be considered to comply with the specifica- 6.5 Guards - Suitable designed guards shall be
tion provided they do so in all other relevant respects. made available by the manufacturer for supply
on request and shall be fitted either to the inlet
6. DESIGN AND GENERAL CONSTRUC-
or the outlet or both, to prevent accidental con-
TION
tact with the rotating blades. The guards shall
6.1 Motor Enclosure - The enclosure of the be securely attached and shall be adequately rigid
fan motor shall be of the totally enclosed type or to resist accidental contact with the blades. When
SPDP. the guards are in two pieces, positive locking
arrangement to keep the two pieces together
6.2 Rotor - The rotor of the fan motor shall be should be made.
well-balanced.
6.6 Bearings - If necessary, the manufacturer
6.3 Blades - Fans shall be fitted with an impe-
ller consisting of a number of blades or vanes shall, on inquiry, furnish information about the
made from metal or other suitable material. The type of bearing and instructions for their proper
- lubrication ( see 9.1.2 ). Proper types of bearings
*Specification for voltages and frequency for ac trans- should be used to ensure a reasonable amount of
mission and distribution systems ( revised ). silent operation.

3
IS : 4894 - 1987

6.7 Protective Measures - The fans shall 7.4 Temperature-Rise - The fan motor and
have protective electrical insulation or be capable the regulator shall be tested at any cooling air
of being earthed. A fan with protective electrical temperature not exceeding 40°C, but whatever
insulation may be of all-insulated construction or may be the value of this temperature, the permi-
have either double insulation or reinforced ssible temperature-rise when measured as descri-
insulation. bed in 10.13.2 shall not exceed the limits given
in Table 1.
6.7.1 In the case of fans intended to be
earthed, an earthing terminal of adequate current-
carrying capacity conveniently located and easily TABLE 1 PERMISSIBLE LIMITS OF
accessible shall be provided. In the case of fans TEMPERATURERISE
for use on three-phase, two separate earthing
terminals shall be provided. SL PART OB TEMPERATURE-RISE. “C METHOD
No. MOTOR on
6.8 Capacitors - Capacitors, if any, shall be REWJLATOB ‘class A Class E Class3 MZl-
Insula- Insula- Insula- nEME?JT
easily replaceable and placed at sufficient distance tion tion tion
from the windings so that their maximum work-
ing temperature is not exceeded Capacitors shall (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
i) Insulated win- 60 75 80
be clearly marked with the maximum safe work- dings of _
%Ze
ing temperature, and the corresponding voltage motors stance
and capacitance. Capacitors shall comply with ii) Insulated win- 60 75 80 Change
IS : 1709-1984*. dings, if any, of resi-
of regulator stance
7. GENERAL AND SAFETY REQUIRE- ( with conti-
MENTS nuous runn-
ing on any
7.1 Protection Against Electric Shock - In contact )
the assembled fan, live parts shall not be accessi- iii) Regulator resi- The temperature-rise shall Thermo-
ble to the standard test finger ( see IS : 1401- stance unit not reach such a value meter
1970? ). In the case of a double insulated fan, ( with conti- that there is a risk of
nuous runn- injury to any insulating
both basically insulated parts and live parts shall ing on any material on adjacent
not be accessible to the standard test finger. This contact ) parts of the regulator
requirement is applicable for all positions in the iv) External surfa- 40 40 40 Thermo-
normal use. ces likely to meter
be touched
7.2 Electric Insulation - The electric insula- during normal
tion of the fans shall be adequate and the leakage usage
current in normal use shall not be excessive.
NOTE 1 - The thermocouples, if used, should be
7.2.1 When measured according to the method applied only to external surfaces which may be reached
specified in 10.5, the insulation resistance shall by an ordinary thermometer.
not be less than 2 Ma. NOTE 2 - The temperature-rise values given above
are for fans normally made to this specification to work
7.2.2 Leakage Current - Requirements of the in cooling air temperatures not exceeding 40°C. Never-
relevant Indian Standards on motors shall apply. theless, fans made to work in higher cooling air tem-
peratures may be regarded as complying with this
The leakage current which may flow from the specification provided the temperature-rise values are
live parts to the accessible parts and metal foil on reduced corresponding to the increase in cooling air
external insulating material connected together temperature. Such fans shall be specially marked.
shall not exceed 300 PA ( peak ), that is 210 PA
‘( rms ).
7.2.3 There shall be no breakdown of the 7.5 Finish - All the surfaces of fan motor,
insulation when the fan is subjected to high blades and regulator, if any, shall be of corrosion
voltage test as given in 10.3 or flash test ( IO.4 ), resisting material or shall be suitably and durably
as the case may be. protected against corrosion for specific applica-
tiOIlS.
7.3 Insulating Materials - Windings of fans
and regulators ( where provided ) shall be insula- 7.6 Speed Regulators
ted with either Class A, Class E or Class B
insulating materials which comply with the limits 7.6.1 It is not usual for fans covered by this
of temperature-rise specified in 7.4. These insulat- specification to be provided with regulators.
ing materials are detailed in IS : 1271-1985$. However, if regulators are required, this shall be
a matter of agreement between the purchaser and
*Specification for capacitors for electric fan motors. the supplier.
(first raGsion) .
tSpecification for accessibility test probes (psi 7.6.2 Enclosures of the fan regulators shall be
m&ion ) .
$Thermal evaluation and classification of electrical either of the ventilated type or the totally-
insulation ( Jrst revision ) . enclosed type.

4
 IS t 4894 - 1987

7.6.3 Where a regulator is provided with a to ensure a reasonable degree of silence at all
capacitor not permanently connected across the speeds.
motor terminals, provision shall be made so that NOTE -The need for specifying limits of noiae
the capacitor is discharged when the regulator is levels ( acoustical ) of the fans is recognized. However,
in the ‘OFF’ position. it has not been found possible to specify these limits at
present on account of:
7.6.4 The regulator handle or knob or push a) dependency of these limits on the actual location
buttons shall either be of insulating material or, of the fans,
if of metal, shall be adequately insulated electri- b) lack of data on the acceptable noise levels for
cally and thermally so that its temperature-rise different applications, and
above ambient is limited to 20°C. All metallic c) lack of agreed definition of noise level and method
parts associated with it shall be protected from of evaluating the same.
accidental contact.
The criterion of noise level may, therefore, be
7.6.5 The regulator handle or knob shall be so subject to an agreement between the manufac-
placed that it may be safely and conveniently turer and the purchaser.
manipulated with definite positioning action. The
handle or knob shall be so designed that it does 8. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
not become loose in use. The ‘Running’ and
‘OFF’ positions of the regulator shall be distinctly 8.1 Air Delivery Test - This test shall be
and clearly marked and the indicator on the carried out and calculations made in accordance
operating handle or knob shall correctly indicate with 10.12.
the position of the regulator. 8.2 Fan Characteristics - Fan characteristic
7.6.6 The regulators shall have mechanical curves shall be drawn after testing, considering
stops for the regulator moving contact to prevent not less than three test points determining a short
accidental contact with the metallic body of the part of the fan characteristic at different inlet.
regulator in the event of forced overtravel of the volume flows and corresponding fan total or static
knob. pressure.
7.6.7 The mechanism of the regulator shall be A system resistance line shall also be drawn,
so designed as to ensure positive contact at each passing through the specified duty point such that
running position. In the case of inductance type the total or static pressure varies with the square
regulator, it is essential that no portion of the of the inlet volume flow ( see Fig. 2 ).
inductive winding should remain permanently
short-circuited in any of the running positions. The most probable operating point for the fan
shall be at the intersection of the fan characteri-
7.7 Interchangeability - The motor of the fan stic and the system resistance line. The difference
of a particular size and model and its associated between the inlet volume flow at the intersection
regulator and set of blades shall be interchange- and the specified inlet volume flow ( that is, the
able such that the performance of the fan keeps duty point ) shall be recorded as the measure of
within the limits of standard. departure of the fan from the specified perfor-
7.8 Silent Operation - Precautions shall be mance. This value shall fall within the range of
taken in the manufacture of fans and regulators specified tolerances.

h
PtF

SYSTEM RESISTANCE

FAN CHARACTERISTIC

INLET VOLUME FLOW

p = Pressure
Qv - Inlet volume flow

FIG. 2 EXAMPLE OF FAN CHARACTERISTICCURVE AND TEST FOR A SPECIFIEDDUTY

5
15:4894-1981

The fan characteristic may be extended to NOTE- The use of the Standard Mark is governed
by the provisions of the Bureau of Indian standards
zero inlet volume and to zero static pressure Act 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made there-
conditions, but the portion of the characteristic under. The Standard Mark on products covered by an
which is beyond the range specified by the Indian Standard convevs the assurance that thev have
supplier shall not be taken into account for the been produced to compiy with the requirements of that
purpose of performance detailed in Appendix A. standard under a well-defined system of inspection,
testing and quality control which is devised and super-
vised by BIS and operated by the producer. Standard
8.3 Tolerances on Ratings - The observed marked products are also continuously checked by BIS
results expressed as percentage of the ratings for conformity to that standard as a further safeguard.
assigned by the manufacturer shall be within the Details of conditions under which a licence for the use
of the Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers
following limits: or producers, may be obtained from the Bureau of
Indian Standards.
Characteristic Tolerance
Percent
10. TESTS
Volume flow --5
10.1 Categories of Tests
Static or total efficiency ex- - 5
pressed as a percentage 10.1.1 Type Tests - The tests specified below
shall constitute type tests and shall be carried out
Total power input + 16 on three samples of same type, size and rating for
Speed f 10 fans up to and including 600 mm size and one
sample of a type, size and rating for larger sizes:
Where a tolerance in one direction is omitted,
there is no restriction on the value in that direc- 4 High voltage ( 10.3 ),
tion. b) Insulation resistance ( 10.5 ),
9. MARKING
C>Earthing continuity ( 10.6 ),
4 Electrical input ( 10.7 ),
9.1 Each fan shall be indelibly marked with at e) Fan speed ( 10.8 ),
least the following information:
f-1 Power factor ( 10.9 ),
4 Manufacturer’s name, trade name of fan g> Leakage current ( lo-19 ),
( if any ) and serial number;
h) Starting ( 10.11 ),
b) Rated voltage(s) or voltage range and j> Test for capacitor ( 6.8 ),
number of phases;
Frequency or range of frequency;
W Air delivery ( 10.12 ), and
4 4 Temperature-rise ( 10.13 ).
4 Consumption in watts;
e) Size of fan; 10.1.2 Acceptance Tests - The following shall
constitute the acceptance tests:
f 1 Rated speed of fan in revlmin;
la Direction of rotation and direction of air a) High voltage ( 10.3 ),
flow; b) Insulation resistance ( 10.5 ),
h) Air delivery at stated duty; and c) Earthing continuity ( 10.6 ),
3 Country of manufacture. d) Electrical input ( 10.7 ), and
NOTE - The trade name, voltage and the size of e) Fan speed ( 10.8 ).
the fan shall be marked on associated regulator.
10.1.2.1 A recommended sampling plan for
9.1.1 In case of fans provided with earthing acceptance tests is given m Appendix D.
terminals, these shall be marked in a legible and
indelible manner on or adjacent to these termi- 19.1.3 Routine Tests - The following shall
nals with the symbol I constitute routine tests:
a) Flash test ( 10.4 ),
9J.2 For additional information that the
manufacturer may be requested to supply, see b) Insulation resistance ( IQ.5 ), and
Appendix B. c) A simple’running test to determine that
the fan mechanism is in working order.
9. .3 For additional information that the
purchaser may be requested to supply, see 10.2 General Conditions of Test
Appendix C.
10.2.1 Test Voltage and Frequency - Unless
9.1.4 Centrifugal fans may also be marked otherwise specified, the test shall be carried out at
with the Standard Mark. rated voltage and frequency.

6
 I$ : 4894 - 1987

10.2.1.1 When a rated voltage is indicated The test voltage shall be applied as follows:
on the name-plate, the test shall be conducted at a) For fan motors
the rated voltage. If the fan is specified for two
.or more distinct rated voltages with three or more 1) Between live parts and other 1 500 v
inaccessible metal parts
supply terminals, the tests shall be carried out at
( that is, over the functional
the most unfavourable voltage. In case of doubt,
insulation ) in the case of
the tests shall be carried. out at all voltages.
double insulated motors
10.2.1.2 When a rated voltage range is 2) Between the inaccessible 2 500 v
indicated on the name-plate, the test shall be metal parts and the body
conducted at the mean of the upper and lower ( that is, over the supplemen-
limits of the range provided that the upper limit tary insulation ) in the case
*does not exceed the lower limit by more than 10 of double insulated motors
percent. 3) Between live parts and body 4 000 v
( that is, over the reinforced
If the upper limit exceeds this value, the test insulation ) for reinforced
shall be conducted at the voltage corresponding insulated motors
to either the upper limit or the lower limit which-
b) For regulators ( where provided )
ever is more unfavourable to the particular test.
Between the two terminals 1 500 v
with the regulator in the
10.2.1.3 Limits of voltage variation - The
‘OFF’ position
variation in the test voltage shall not exceed f 1
percent of the test voltage during air delivery 10.3.4 At the end of one minute, the test
tests. While taking the current and watt read- voltage shall be removed and the insulation-
ings during these tests, however, the voltage shall resistance test conducted as in 10.5.
be maintained at the test voltage.
10.3.5 If this test is required to .be repeated,
10.2.2 For a fan rated with a range of frequ- the test voltage levels shall be reduced to 85 per-
zncy, the test shall be made at the frequency cent of the original value.
which gives the most unfavourable results. Tole-
rance on frequency shall be f 1 percent. 10.4 Flash Test - Every fan and regulator shall
withstand the voltage 20 percent higher than that
10.2.3 Limits of Error of Electrical Instruments - specified in 10.3.3 for one second when it is
“The ammeters, voltmeters and wattmeters used applied instantaneously between the points speci-
for type tests shall have a class index 0.5 or better fied in 10.3.3.
‘[ see IS : 1248 ( Part 1 )-1983* 1. For routine and
acceptance tests, instruments of class index 2 may 10.4.1 Any other test similar to the one speci-
be used. fied in 10.4 may be carried out as a routine test
provided it will ensure the fan passing the high
10.3 High Voltage Test voltage test covered by 10.3.

10.3.1 The source of supply for high voltage 10.5 Insulation Resistance Test
test shall be not less than 500 VA.
10.5.1 Insulation resistance test shall be carried
10.3.2 The high voltage test shall be applied out on fans and regulators immediately after
to all new and completed fan motors in normal conducting the high voltage or flash test, as the
working conditions with alI parts in place except case may be.
the capacitors which should be disconnected. As
type test, this test should preferably be‘ done 10.5.2 The insulation resistance shall be not
immediately after the temperature-rise test. less than 2 megohms when tested with a dc
voltage approximately 500 V applied between the
10.3.3 An ac test voltage at a frequency of points used for high voltage test or flash test.
40 to 60 Hz approximately sine-wave form shall
be applied and maintained for one minute with- 10.6 Earthing Continuity Test - For fans
,out showing any kind of breakdown or flashover. intended to be earthed, the resistance shall not
The voltage should be applied starting with one- exceed 0.1 ohm between any exposed metal parts,
third of the full value, gradually increasing to the except the rotating parts supported by metal
full value which should be maintained for speci- bearings, and
fied period after which the voltage should be
gradually reduced. a) the free end of the earthing conductor if
the fan is fitted with a flexible cord, due
*Specification for direct acting indicating analogue allowance being made for the resistance of
electrical measuring instruments and their accessories: the earthing conductor of the flexible cord,
Part 1 General requirements ( second ~&ion ). or

7
IS : 4894 - 1987

b) the earthing terminal or contact, when the 10.12.3 The fitting of any additions to the
fan is supplied without a flexible cord. fan for the pupose of this test shall be subject to
the following provisions:
The resistance measurement shall be made
with a current of 10A with a dc voltage not a>No additions or alterations solely for the
exceeding 6V. purpose of a test shall be made to the fan
as supplied exept that when an addition to
10.7 Electrical Input Test - The electrical
the fan that may affect its performance has
power input to the fan in watts shall be determi-
been specified, and unless otherwise agreed
ned by running the fan at the test voltage and at
to between the manufacturer and the pur--
the highest speed.
chaser, the addition shall be fitted for the
10.8 Fan Speed Test - The speed of rotation test. Such an addition shall then be regar-
of the fan shall be determined by running the fan ded as a part of the fan.
at the test voltage and its rated frequency. The
method of measurement of the speed of fan shall b) An allowance shall be made for losses due
be such that the speed of the fan is not appreci- to friction of the air in the airway between
ably affected. the fan and the point at which the readings.
are taken according to formula given
10.9 Power Factor Test - The power factor in 10.12.10(e).
of the fan when tested at the test voltage and the
highest speed of the fan shall be not less than:
cl In any test, the airways shall be made
a) 0.90 for capacitor type fans, and reasonably air-tight, and when provision is
made for the insertion and manipulation
Y b) 0.60 for non-capacitor type fans.
by measuring instruments, care shall be
10.10 Leakage Current Test - This test shall taken to eliminate leakage as far as.
be carried out in accordance with 13.2 of IS : possible.
302-l 979*.
4 Care should also be taken to avoid any
10.11 Starting - The fan shall be capable of
obstructions which may modify the air
starting up from rest at the lowest speed step
flow, either at the inlet or at the oultet of‘
when 85 percent of the rated voltage or 85 per-
the airways.
cent of the lowest voltage in the voltage range is
applied.
10.12.4 To the inlet end of the test airway
10.12 Air Delivery Test -- The following
shall be fitted a conical inlet and four side tapp-
methods for determining the air delivery of the
ings in accordance with Fig. 3 and with the
fan at the specified total or static pressure shall
following provisions:
be followed. This test shall be carried out with
the guard if any, in position.
a>The proportions and tolerances of the
cal inlet are given in Fig. 3 together
coni--
with
10.12.1 The fan inlets shall be attached with
relevant notes on manufacture and installa-
a straight cylindrical airway of diameter D and
tion. The inlet airway diameter D used in
minimum length 40; D may differ from the fan
the computation shall be measured after-
inlet diameter by not more than 20 percent larger
manufacture.
or 5 percent smaller; a conical expander or
reducer of 15” maximum included angle being The four side tappings (see Fig. 4) at plane-
used to connect the fan to the airway.
b)
AA ( see Fig. 3 ) shall be equally spaced at.
90’ on the cylindrical duct. The bore at.
The fan outlet shall be attached with a para-
the surface of the airway shall not exceed
llel duct having the same cross section as the fan
4.76 mm in diameter and shall be straight,
outlet ( D, ) and length equal to twice its diame-
uniform and at right angles to the duct for
ter ( 20, ), if circular, or twice the mean of the
at least 2 bore diameters. The openings-
adjacent sides, if ractangular; provided that no
shall be flush with the duct and free from
duct shall be fitted to the outlet side of the fan
burrs and countersinks. The four side
for the purpose of test in the case of a fan speci-
tappings shall be connected to one limb of”
fied or designed for use with open outlet.
the manometer, each connection being of
the same length, bore and arrangement of
10.12.2 If the fan is fitted with an inlet flare,
tubing to minimize the effect of flow due
the outside diameter of the flare may be regar-
to difference of pressure at the tappings.
ded as the fan inlet for connection to the test
The other limbs of the manometer shall be
duct. If more convenient, the flare may be remo-
opened to the ambient atmosphere and the.
ved for the test.
manometer reading shall be taken as equal
*General and safety requirements for household and to the average static pressure in the
similar electrical appliances ( jifth revision). airway.

8
 IS : 4894 - 1987

THE BORE SHALL BE SMOOTH PARALLEL AND

TRULY CIRCULAR WITHIN A TOLERANCE OF A0
FOR A LENGTH OF 0 AND CONTINUED AT SALE
NOMINAL OIAMETER FOR A FURTHER LENGTH

THE JUNCTION BETWEEN 6O’CONE AN0

PARALLEL PIPE SHALL BE SMOOTH AND
FREE FROM RIDGES

NO EXTERNAL OBSTRUCTION TO THE

FREE MOVEMENT OF AIR ENTERING
THE INLET IS PERMITTED WITHIN THIS
REGION. THERE MUST BE NO EXTRAN-
EOUS AIR CURRENTS IN THE VICINITY
OF THE INLET

FIG. 3 CONICAL INLET

1RLIBBER TUBE TO MANOMETER

UBBER TUBES

All dimensionsin millimetres.

FIG. 4 METHOD OF CONNECTIONFOR FOUR SIDE TAPPINGTO TEST DUCT AND CONNECTION
TO MASOMETER FOR INDICATIONOF AVERAGE SIZE THROUGHONE BLOCK

9
IS : 4894 - 1987

c) Coejicient of discharge - The coefficient of of the inlet. The screen may be composed of one
discharge of the conical inlet installed as or more layers of even wire or fabric supported
above is given in Table 2. For Reynolds by a wire guard.
numbers of 400 000 and above, the coeffi-
1032.6 The various static pressure data may
cient of discharge is O-975 and will cover
be obtained by changing the screen or adding-
the majority of fan tests. When the air
additional screens in .the test duct. If a ring is
flow, in cubic metres per hour, is numeri-
secured inside the test airway to support the
cally less than 16 700 times the airway
screen, or when a ring is used to stiffen the peri-
diameter in metres, then the coefficient of
phery of the fabric or ‘other screen, the radial
discharge shall be taken appropriate to the
thickness of the ring shall not be greater than
Reynolds number given in Table 2.
D/100 ( see Fig. 5 ).

TABLE 2 DISCHARGE COEFFICIENTS FOR 10.12.7 At plane BB, distant 2 D downstream

REYNOLDS NUMBER ( Re ) from the resistance screen, there shall be four side
[ Cluusc
10.12.4(c) I tappings, similar to those in plane AA, and con-
nected to the low pressure limb of a moaometer,
REYNOLDS 20 0005, 40 000, 60 000, 100 000, the other limb being connected to the ambient.
NUMBER (Rc) 200 000, 300 000, 400 000, and above
pressure in the vicinity of the fan discharge.
DISCHARQE 0.930, 0’940, O-945, 0.953, 0.967,
COEFFICIENT, CD 0’973, 0’975 ’ 10.12.8 The volume per unit time at plane AA.
*A conical inlet shall not be used at Reynolds numbers
shall be computed by using formula ( 1 ) Andy
less than 20 000. corrected to fan inlet conditions for any change
in the air density between plane AA and the fan
inlet BB.
Intermediate values of Cn may be obtained by
linear interpolation.
10.12.9 All temperatures in the inlet airway
The Reynolds number for standard air is given shall be taken by placing the thermometer with
23.58 Q its probe inside the airway near the section BB.
by Re = D using thenotation of 10.12.10 The inlet volume so compiled shall then be used
and this may be taken to determine the coeffici- to calculate the velocity pressure at plane BB
ent of discharge with negligible error for all using formulae (2) and (3). For the purpose of this.
normal variations in ambient conditions. test the algebraic sum ( with the sign reversed )
of the static pressure at plane BB, and the velo-
10.12.5 A resistance comprising a screen hav- city pressure at plane BB, plus a friction allow-
ing evenly spaced aperture of uniform size, not ance for all test ducting downstream of plane BB,
exceeding D/20 should be fitted at a distance D in accordance with formula (5) shall be taken.
from the commencement of the cylindrical portion as the fan total pressure.

A METHOD OF SUPPORTING
RESISTANCE SCREEN -

Fra. 5 ARRANGEMENT FOR AIR DELNERY TEST

10
 IS : 4894 - 1987

18.12.10 Formulae and Computation of Results - where L and D are the length and diame-
The following formulae should be used for the ter of airway in metres, and Pv is velocity
computation of results of the tests laid down pressure in mm HsO.
in 10.12.
10.13 Temperature-Rise Test
a) Inlet volume per Q= 12500 x CD x
unit time 10.13-l Measurement of Cooling Air Temperature
During Tests - The cooling air temperature shall
Da x ms/h . . . . . . (1) be measured by means of several thermometers
I/ wt
placed at different points around the fan motor
where at a distance of 1 to 2 m and protected from all
c, = coefficient of discharge, heat radiations and extraneous draughts. The
D= diameter of airway in metres, thermometers used for this test shall be accurate
to -f 0*5OC.
AP= difference between ambient pre-
ssure in the vicinity of the inlet The value to be adopted for the temperature
and the average pressure at the of the cooling air during a test shall be the mean
side tappings at plane AA in mm of the readings of the thermometers taken at
HaO, and equal intervals of time during the last quarter of
Wt = weight of air in airway at the test the duration of the test.
temperature t”C in kg/ms.
Weight per unit volume of atmospheric air 10.13.2 Measurement of Temfierature-Rise - The
b) temperature-rise measurements shall be carried
at test section
out by the method indicated in Table 1, immedi-
B + 0.073 7 P, x ately after the air delivery test or after the fan
wt = 1.205 x
760 has been run long enough to ensure that the tem-
293 perature-rise has reached a steady state, using the
( 273 + t ) kg’ms following procedure.

which may be very closely approximated as 10.13.2.1 Air temperature-rises to be mea-

B + 0.073 7 Ps x sured by thermometer method [ items (iii) and
w, = l-2 x (iv) of Table 1 ) ] shall be taken at the hottest
760
accessible surface of the parts, as also on the parts
293
..*.-. (2) which are likely to cause injury to any adjacent
( 273 + t ) kg/ma insulating material.
[ taking l-205 kg/m8 ( approximated to l-2
kg/ma ) as the weight of standard air at 10.13.2.2 The method of measurement of
20Ti and 760 mm Hg 1. temperature-rise by change in resistance is given
below:
where
B = barometric pressure in mm Hg at The temperature-rise t2 - t, ( for copper
the time of test, and windings J mav be obtained from the ratio of the
t, + 235 4
P, = static pressure in mm HsO. resistances by the formula
tl + 235 = F
c) Velocity of air at a point V
where
= 16 000 . . . ..- (3) Rz = resistance of the windings at tem-
perature t, ( “C ) at the end of the
d) Average velocity of air in the airway P test, and
= -$m/h . . . . . . (4) RI = initial resistance of the windings at
temperature tl ( “C ).
where A is the area of airway in square
metres. From the above, the hot temperature ( ta )
e) Friction loss in airway Pi may be expressed as:

= o-02 -& x P, mm H& . . . . . . (5) t%= +- ( tl + 235 ) - 235

11
 IS : 4894 - 1987

APPENDIX B
( Clause 9.1.2 )

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE MANUFACTURER

B-l. The following additional information in positions,

respect of an electric centrifugal fan shall be d) Class of insulation,
supplied by the manufacturer on request:
e) Type of bearings,
a) Power factor, f1 Instructions for lubrication of bearings,

b) Number of blades,
9) Condenser value ( in case of single-phase
fans ), and
c) Type of regulator and number of running h) Fan total efficiency.

APPENDIX C
( Clause 9.1.3 )

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE PURCHASER

C-l. The following information in respect of an c) Air delivery at stated duty;

,electric centrifugal fan shall be supplied by the d) Nature of medium, air or other gases;
purchaser on request:
e) Atmospheric conditions;
f ) Altitude of the place where the fan is to be
a) Size; installed; and
b) Electric supply details; g) Whether guards are required.

APPENDIX D
( Clause 10.1.2.1 )

RECOMMENDED SAMPLING PLAN

D-l. A recommended sampling plan is given in -^-

Table 3. TABLE 3 SCALE OF SAMPLING
( Clause D-l )
D-2. CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY
LOT FIRST SECOND REJECTION
D-2.1 If no defectives are found in the first SIZE SAMPLE SAMPLE NUMBER
sample ( co1 2 ), accept the lot. If the number of (1) (2) (3) (4)
defectives found is greater than or equal to the up to 15 3 3 2
rejection number ( co1 4 ), reject the lot. If the 16 to 100 2
101 ,, 200 5 :
number of defectives found in the first sample is 201 400 7 7 :
less than the rejection number, take a second 401 afI;d above 7 8 3
sample of size indicated in co1 3; and if the total NOTE - When the size of the lot is too small as to
number of defectives in the first and second make the testing uneconomical, the criteria for accep-
tance of the lot may be left to the agreement between
sample put together is less than the rejection
the parties concerned.
number, accept the lot, otherwise not.

13
 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

Headquarters:

Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI 110002

Telephones : 3310131, 3311375 Telegrams I Manaksanstha

(Common to all offices )

Regional Offices: Telephone

Central: Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, 3310131, 3311376

NEW DELHI 10002
*Eastern I l/14 C. I. T. Scheme VII M, V. I. P. Road, Maniktola, 362499
CALCUTTA 700054
Northern I SC0 445-446, Sector 35-CCHANDIGARH 160036 21843, 31641
Southern I C. I. T. Campus, MADRAS 600113 412442, 412519, 412916
TWestern : Manakalaya, E9 MIDC, Marol, Andheri ( East 1, 6329295
BOMBAY 400093

Branch Offices:

‘Pushpak’, Nurmohamed Shalkh Marg, Khanpur, AHMADABAD 380001 26348, 26349

Peenya industrial Area, 1st Stage, Bangalore-Tumkur Road, 384955, 384956
BANGALORE 560058
Gangotrl Complex, 5th Floor, Bhadbhada Road, T. T. NaQar, 66716
BHOPAL 462003
Plot No. 82183, Lewis Road, BHUBANESHWAR 751002 53627
53/5 Ward No. 29, R. G. Barua Road, 5th Byelane, GUWAHATI 781003 -

5-8-56C L. N. Gupta Marg (Nampally Station Road), 231083

HYDERABAD 500001
R14 Yudhister Marg, C Scheme, JAIPUR 302005 63471, 69832
117/418 B Sarvodaya Nagar, KANPUR 208005 216876, 218292
Patliputra Industrial Estate, PATNA 800013 62305
T.C. No. 1411421, University P-O,, Palayam, TRIVANDRUM 695035 62104, 62117

Inspection Offices ( With Sale Point ):

‘Pushpanjali’, First Floor, 205A West High Court Road, ShankarNagar 25171
Square, NAGPUR 440010
lnstltutlon of Engineers ( India) Building, 1332 Shlvajl NagEN, 52435
Pune 411005

%des Office In Calcutta is at 5 Chowrlnghee Approach, P. 0. Pflncep Street, 276800

Calcutta 700072
ffjalee OfRce In Bombay Is at Novelty Chambers, Grant Road, Bombay400097 896528

Printed at New lndla Printing Press. Khurja, India