You are on page 1of 70

,

UNIT - 2
HYDRAULIC ACTUATORS AND MOTORS
IIYD/{;\lJ:./CS AN/) PNUil\1A I 1('-;

,I, II
+hrch'JCtldk f)(JucdcoJs und 1-"1 D' 1t cc1t: .
~ II
i'V'VOv-......A...-··............... ~\..· . . . . . . . . .-'-. . :" ~-, \..../'-".~ "'-.-""\.-...~ ~ .../\.....-'.~

~ I The h1fd~ICtH~ Ic pump conve.-~~(O dhe me.c1l0okaJ ene:>I1J7J


il 8010 h-tdctS')()).QlUC ene.."'tC'tJ~. 'in 1OO.n <-o but'1 d C1LPplic.cd-ion~( We
potoe) i'
~
III eed Llo ~o ov ~ ~ IIh e fx9 eJlsLqe cnQ;')'j) 'd (!)b tMCJ (lj d ecrul ed Ilfj~ 4
~
;; ~ne..-"'l1f~) vn40 :necharJ }coJ
eneCl)CVtd do pe..,~bOt9110) tts e~u. r WOC91 fi e .11

~
l1hj~ bu.nction ua Clcc-ompUs hed b1J dh€ d wJ ('~ lC:ncxVf) c£~ i
Ii
(tducdoot~
,;.) ~~~
e

IIi

.J 11 c-I U CdOl9i y;, ~+ II


~~~~~- ~
... Fld u cdOOI~ I
W 0'1 e <ine d<tlie e." wed bOl9j c"ow"H"'I!
~
hLOchlQu.Ck envlca~ ~n1 0 ?T)e..d1a:. o;ecd ene91~~' Ii
~
..-'?" '111 ofhe31 WOt~ I QQ.·fu.o.iot'))t pe91boC9lrO> o, bU-OC:Hon
.~

.~
Jtu, (PppO(()~1e (:Jo lJhx1 ~b d-he pumps ~

~ The. PC91essu')}iqsed ~eH_t~]c plHjd ddJ\Je.'leq. b~

~
..~ dhe- ~chlo.VSk IPU.~P up.
~,,-prued do d he cuhL~IOOl~ (.LOn 1ch
J

.';)
/0" n ~V1 ~ to . \;I he eJ101 'iJ~ o~ <the tu1d dn~o TIl "than icaJ en<91'r(j' 7hl, !
1O)e..c"'(U)icoJ cY'lOlcatd UC) wEd clo ~ e1 d-he.. lOO<9f tc doric •
.~

.~
-+ The N.dd..9/ctt'.J1 i C od Lt.(l.~ O\Sl ~ , p01 educe LQJ ne_a91 J

.;, t9104o.."\~ ® oscllloJ'h7J tJOlo-fiof) 11


-7 The..(J e.~n be U-.sed bDt9j l,Qj b+i nco ' d-i lt1o? '
'~
d(tmpoir>~ J t9pemnco. clo-~l'),nC(}, meJt9(lrx:o, mi~n1J I Ch.l91 n4nct ' i
J
.:J
8.tA'~ n~'n~ , LDLQo~IO) botGtlc,nq, berd.jn«J Clod pOOl mon~ ~1he91 ~
I'
lPpi:}o..-Jion,«:~ i
~ 6pe.cloJ CLf:>pLiccdion,g 09)e on 0101k DVeY/ deQ.Q1(~, : .
.~:J

.J to IIVe-1) ol91 s , 'lQo.J ve !)P e...'1}oJoOJ~, ttx9fl 01)Y)CO pOl as a) <91 O('.\~ dCJ1~ Il,t ,
.... ~
chJ Q.B, cJo.mpf> I mO-chin~ tJoolJ1 ek.
;~

>'~

~J

'.-J
Balaii.V, Lect!~(:er ill Mechanical Dept·0 'SSEC
.. ,
Benga I'
lit II
,.-:)

-~
_ HYLJRAULlCS ;\ i\iLJ PNLUMA Ill'S

I ~ iI~ci"j(,wlic ~'~ 1c
" ~~:~d:~ I'I
T'tIpe£ fld"uak"'if-
I~~'-" :fue~d~~;: Db motrDn f'",txluc"d b'd adlflrlo., c:
I <J h~\I Q") e "ev
ce<:l 0Cl i<fSed ,j nJo d too : + c.
I, I. /..1 r-,eQ"J ~,1 «(... 10<91 ~ (al£o cuu cd "tl ~ ~aur I ( <:I'd UndVlr:) ! C
~ ~
Ii {Q. ~ D~a-"ll(,.f G1d LQcdOl91 ~ (CQ.Qg o Cd1~ e d "+!t,.l diClHOi c 1r.OI 0<91&." ) Ii ~
'I U V Ii r­
il Qo(0rylinottll t9}DiQ,,)I~ CQQ·JCJ-C1.·'Ot91~ 1:=
Ii C6;JO)p~ ~dCYQH~IC f6}oiQJl~) i: .~..

b· L~rn1~ed I9JD~a-fjon C9ID~Q"'11J cH.-hiCtIOlC)?,:: . !, C


to. • , .1 ) I, ,.­
(ogollaflon blJ.-lAa mO·1bOIt1>. : -'-.
!~
The Jjn€-OOJ M·k~a::'o<.9l~ ~enD1rrre tno+1on Clna !'-­
o ie
lift)leti~hl Ltine UD pe-"r1D0 l91 tn dhe. ll'1Ot9J):. lc
'The \9104 0--">1 ~ Ct-~J ttcdoolf, . ~eJ)Q)taJe (9(o{O-~ ~ CD1UpW i c.
mo-trbn do pe91b~~tn ~he... {tJOt91l:: e :c-
I
L ? h ~G-0J ~~{~~::'-~ ~~~+~~ ~,~,~~!~ ~~~~~J ;,.+ ~~

NJ-~~ +111 Q'I ClUJ ic etd ti nd ~9J ~ W<9j Ct.cl en"" CO ~ !<9,01» 1("'

. ~

I Jhe vtL.Ud ~nd wnv 0 tl d1 uo Il)e.c.r,~nical ~ne5nq~ 00 pe..0Jbtx<JIM I:~


~.
I
ttQ.j et; tJ
-u
[OOt91 LQ o +f ud\.91 QUUC etJ urd OJ e elkr end a.nd 19/ e.fl9]Oe.f.
U U
I'
~
a piadon 19/od do pl9lbU1de 0. r Uj h @) put-! boc91ce deJ d91iLDe l
I ~he eJLi~ho.f J-Oad <x,Q-D0cq o, ~f<9I(]jCVh1' Une p~h ~ ~
jj
The htdcL~Ol.lJic. ~)lrnd€)]~ CCL':I1<? bCQ.sICaJIU I'll,

wed h0(91 P~~bo())ro:8nca ~Q.ch ~.~ pu.sh'\r>C'J Pt.U{lr>Q~


lrJO(.<Jjt J I~
I
II

\,ffU;n'i!
V
~od
lJ
pt91US:Jn~ <'1n C\ \.WDj1 ell! trl6 erxg9oa''1 9}
10
U
F
Ii

I ~p Urollo n~ ~ud> os ''In mcde>11 Ql harrtQ Inco 9€ tt] pmen i F


I 'rnClch1ne ~OOlCD ( CDosJ\9}u.dJon e.qttl pmen~ e,Cl.ttlomnbiler., T"
Ii ~~CQF~.Jtbm
U-- -.- .- V
c;,
Ii

i! The htH.lt~to'n~ ((Ole dhe. JWD tf~ret 0b 'tevet~<l.U~;C ~~Ome.i} ~~f'


U
I 10 cl'lJ I. lU-+ ~n ~ "-'d ood ~'1
U I,

f
l ', L3alaii.V.
-
IV • POll bl"-
Lecturer in MI.?('h~n·lc'll
-- c
Cl! cl j
Dept , ,SSEC'
'"
oq (''t! t1 n d "'J '
B eng;:}Iuru
- 'l
..~-~~ .. =~==
,. ~
02­
C"

:; HYDRAULICS AND PNUJMAIICS

:51 I. ~~ ~~~ sl"Q~(i~'.! :.

~
;>
~

~
BOOit;lJcl ­ t
·liJ 0'11 -fl9/om
.i) 'pttlnp

~ fl~~ ~!: ~~ ~~
~

~ o ~ - ~~~ ~~~~
c The &lmples'l d1jpe 0b 1u.d c19t rulUC cr.a lind ~I un lJhe
[l n~le Otdinc~ c..l1t1nd~) Wlhich ifl @own tS.chQfOla:HcrdQ~ Jo dhe C£.bo'\le­
.J
fi~e q-I (0tJ6:tsJr ®~ ~ P e, pianon Jn~ide 0- ~&1nd9tlCoJ hW~JD<V
~
c..ctuecf a. b~cqeJ c 'A pi(04o~ 1.9/od ueo CH::Ia.cP1~d do one e~ <Db t:f he Ii
~

c pisJon, (jji-hlch euendfJ m~JJSld~_ Ct~ dhe one e.od <.Ot ~ he (J nd £:91 CJl1910d ~ rJ
m:J ). ~\ Uhe otU-!h "-"I n€ od ( b I~ A end) ~~ o po,,,d b0 19l t1 he etA: anCf I
e.H~~ ~tx9l~ I
.~
&rd e1J1 ()p 011 '. f) ,,1 'll1 e •G cl m'ij
CJ.d unci q ron 0. un
~
wltJ uhe eL1~mcn dLil9/edron ~It bQQJd bOlbto> Llhe ~Urt1 p e.n'/e91,lS ~he
'-~
pk~_oh end <n~ Lfhe ~(jnd€91 "&'Incole Qdrrxv cCdtlncle",~ do no1l9jeJt9)~d
~J,lCU~I~ClU~ ~clt9J~d ion 0<0 ac~onrptJ6'~<?d b~ uSln~ ~~auH~ @)
of>
.~
b\J dhe unclWlon 01 0 ~m~t91e2sIJcn ~<.9llr1CV un ~he t9/bd end "
;)
-,;;; f-i~~ ShowtI Uhe ~($tOt>hlC e.1t mool Of; tYhe 6Jncole~C1J.djno CQd(1f)d~"
.qr) m.r~."cdfon, dhe ~tuJd J(O dd ~If) dht9/0~h 1h~
;;;

JnleJ po~~ cd doe ~t1r>de.J)" end. AS dhe f'9)mlJeje U~ bujU up Un


-,;)
I dhe ~drdq~ o b0t9/C€ lico eIl€.."lrled on dhe picotoo 1 u.Qh)chUn~tLClin
~
mtt~e l1he ~~neO-C1J rnO-HDn <.OV dhe pko1on-a o d (cqam) Llh dhe 19}Dd
:~
end <> Tni to 0Cb d e.9l1O)(~d (J.f, et:l e os l0 n .
-~
40 &in~l~ C1. .t:nOJll c~urdeJ~' clne 19)eJl9Jadion u<t

-:;
Qtt'Omp~$hed l.0ith the.. heLp 1I2b cvmpeJ€,3s10n ~~\9linl1 @ und01 the..

-:;:> I~======~1 n~ luenc~() C91cu(lJ~.


BalajiV, Lectlll<:r in Mechanical Dept " SSE ,enga
B IlIru
--::> D.3

:~
r= - - -... ­
I
!i
II
& 'DoLtb
0 Ie cttf)'~_-.,l
-~~._-
<;»;»: ,',,--"J'

'.
nOj' C'.!() 0 ncJ C?') . ­
~'~~"

i\
II
:j

Ii
'{LLX:.-z ; :2.2Z2.: z:z.Z:'/-:=Z_Z/i
i]
-+
-+
2'
~ i '--;
I 141­
--..l',IIl'<, 1!6iA.l-----.::- . .=?_]e x..'/e ns ion c

i BOO1Oje.~
~' ~ I, I ' '{'\,1'11'1
, Ii

: .. ~ f;r=\··_·····_···:.:l~J~Jto,cuij on
Ii

-" c.. '


.,. ~ {- tc/P e9J.•
<b.J 1 ,ft?Jbm ro.i I fOlbm
rump rpc.tmp

(~?,.;Iensjoo) (Ad15)cxdion)

__'It­ ~
-Pi ~ (E) 11 ~cuf'hic &1f m Co I
~\.A.J ~~\..IItJv' f\-~"""""~ C
1 • 4n :h~
d~Lt.ble.OLdi'1J ~cigaur.i( rcl e91 ,l. t &ierU1 d p~ ron C.W C
~ be ~ppue.d do eJ~~ ~de. ()~ \1he pl((;lOOI clh-e9leb~ pt9lotlidJn7J G. C
I"'d d9l'l.uU( D;(e J~ both di"1eclion~. 1 he dou1:le Cl..<J1no ",,~tto<Ie¥ ~ e C
Imoctua wed lln O1.~~lko:llonF lM/J<9i e uk'.~ "l e~lSVDtl len'iJ thP Cl9I e cI es119'aI.
Co n£:f\3) luJ i Of) ~~

C1
'1'1

,I 'v-.-v v-.-v--',-,,"'-'V'~ fi9 ([) etbolse 6ho(§J~ \:the. wn~, ..f()ILld; on Ct dtltJ.bte

I It ~
I ~din~ Q...~t~nd~9J qb)~ @ Bhotof: u{co G1e.f?01e2eh~ a:nDI). ~~
c
qjrnbO C
I The l'.£>mponenl" role (hsi~ned SI) ({ltth Cl WO"d Lfucd
I~/)e end cn~ ~ pi",lon~ 08J€ do (HI
CDmtnOn fhe 6tlrne e.vlird..,,~ ~p C
I erd OhUU b~<4
di(lf01:!e1 ood pi",ibO 19Iodt nee.d 80 be chanlJ"d ~
I tto c,()n~:t~~t1 eli bb e-91U)~ tJe.fXijfh ~Unde'J F- .. Th e end co.~~ 01'} e LOeJd e d
II Ulo dhe bMl~d GLnd dOe p~oYfol') 19(od.fI QC}I-€ t1b\9~Clded to the. pis -fOI1 .
I,
Ii 10 OOIde9j IJo 'p0JE'.u~n~ tOl!:a5J &fld J.eCi.tcKffe I dne 1nnq
II8tt"'vtlce 0b dhero.SC?)~1' mu.s~ be tnClde '-Dend ~O)ooth<l 1>' t!>

~ The (W~ 'CIon @) af-ed ~,~~on Lie?! 1QJed 40 dC91cm~1O)jf


Ii oOOlce G\b dhe pi co~Of) \Qod N

I Bigo I:Ihe pi",~on O1..cl Z Cl..e a «UdJ"'(J b£o.",9rxv 3n etf1e I C

l,j~~,t~Lt~ t~::~::a~ePt~ ss~~el~~:eeo hj~h ~ how POles~~e gioe£, j ~


°It e'
c:
HYDRAULICS AND PNEUMAtICS
~ ,

a
plco~on <8~I((). QQ<:) h °ded
ve tA910tlU f>
Uh b eiltJeef)
J "
and bQ9OJ~-~ -~Ii
pl~·ron
c/o Quv,d <lI7CJ Je(d::'~eo 11), piarlon 0jcd~ G9te ttK~<lU 11 mad e 0b I
.~ hecd llt91eD.~ed chO/om1 urn OLQXC1j 00 ptSlb-iE'cd U1 bl910m C~XJI0~ ion a nc\ [i

.~
::;J Ia.be3)cuioo fl e
LOrio q @ ilC'lOlp",/ eeal Sa, bY liedon Ih e (l)Q1~ aid e f)~ tth e
.:" I 1';","101'> qf.kl beo.1ln'(j do ~l91e\fef")~ ~<9IH, Locde9) @ ofhO) ma.tJ "'l bei0'fj
dt9jOJ-on \.l~'o ihe ben.9Jrn1·
Ii
,~ ji
Ope3j0J\On ~4 :1

'DLL~I~n~ pCl es s u-1 ;QS e d bLlt1d


..........,..........,...;J~'V"V'~

dhe elt:fe!l)s;ol) <eXblOl=1e. clhe


II
Vt910 lO> dh~ pttmp en-IOl~ dht.()IO~h e~ief)d ~r. Thico bLtl1d rnOlJ)(.' II
II

clhe pi(i')<lon JOlDCQ9ld$ ueo~ CQnd dhe ~ u.ud pe)ejen~ on dhe (t)tn~ &de
Jeo pushed O-C2d do lthe 01 e--3e1\(o il91 be10 rn the ttJ Und€9J etht910wah I

t3t e:h91~~J r00t~ ~


'j) U.91~ "'1f d he 19i d\<:llMf ion Gf<91 0 Ice , d h e
.bluI d ,it> (Ulowed :1

:;, <.to w1 e>I Llhe c.oo lJ nde9J dhl91~ h 19t d\Q0> <of /'0191 J a>hd t.I he pi (1)1 on tr/DVep!
., I J otiXlflc4 t9(J ~ ,,1 (h~ ..the btW d ~leseo'J Of) d he to/he:, Iii de T~ ~ O£1 ned' ,
.~ ¢.lui 00 d he- \91 {jV1 Koi t9j ~GIOtn dbe t~ Ci nde91 d hG'OLQ.Cij h e.d -€ nd pcxJlf '0

.:;:} q'I~l') be £eef) bt91D ~ bf~ ® toed the 'lQQ) lume OJ) both
.~ \.the ()id~ cb l~he picoton Q1e dUbbe3)en! .. <2ince dhe pj(O~oo 1910 ; 12
d
Ii
.~ <UI~~~Q.d (Q~ Ohe eJde ()n~ I qne c-~t'if)de9j etl~)·~t ~<9Ie-G~e9I p0t71f e II

:J tl9~et) et:!'<.od! 'lJ U:


p x Apl<loo) 1ht¥> uph en t9Jell9l~dl nqj p x( Api''''' ~ • Q'
.;) Th,to 19Je.st.t~1CO dn cljbb{9JQ.f)1 pete&J.tlC)e tJ)evcl" on eltn~-'1 Gid e (O~ -the Ii
~ Pit<>10 0, Q>Illl b eroU.!e <Db W1 hi ch Lthico dol.'. b [e " ~d 10'l tll dnd Q 1£0 ct1 (0 I
:J ta.Ued os doJ ~b"'le.f)-JicJ ,Und <.9],1:0 !
~
A-n~~IGl ~ ttt
'/..JJJ"-'''''-' '........V
'v'v\J
(Yrj GndeSJ hvG\ce
V-->-\}-'--' ;'-"-' ~
l)..r,-/,-~
~Qe1ocJj ~ (11-00~ ~~c~~1 _9~J
~ -~ U ~ .. _~
I _~l.~o~ble ­
-i,' ~- - - ~ - ~

~~ ~~I~:.
!

I I
~ II )..-Q3 1) &d ~ Oicun(d~91~ DD pi(C>1on a-od pl(O~on t9lod Ii

~ I ~J~pedlweLo' I

I I\p <I 11,'" c.~a;.s. sedioruJ (~''1eo. ~ \.:/he pi&ion cmd the I
::) pi""lon !Slod tqe1pedi\l~. i
Ii'
~ .
,,~ .Il· FE-vJ e, r:l)l~ ~ tr'1cl9~t&iC U~Ot9ICe adlDCAU tJn .h;(Q1Dn
Y--'
deli
1t9]Ir'{'( ~
~ Balaii.V, Lect;!7;;~ in Mechanical Dept -, SSEC. , B-1
enga uru J1i
- ,_:
05
I, ,';
HYDRAULICS A i\JD I>NlUMATICS
r~==d=h=€=eJd~.eo=g"=l
O=r)=02~f1=d=\Sl=1d=·'lS)=l=OK'=jl·=io=O=d-·=tq~O~lCQ.='~=t9=I=e.2=p=e=d=rlQ~'e~teJ=· = ..
1c
I '\lie'" 1\ 'ltOl•l ~ 'lDdod ~ 'd 01 i h e p1(o~D tJ d U,,111~ Uh e eJll enil 0 n o n d II
II
L

Ii 191 e.:kJJ Gl d i 0 f) s,i (91 o t:Qft 19I es be d ,. tooQ QlJ .,


l

I! c
II ~i ~ 0 ~ dndec>1 8r>r~ LQ,fl (umE' ~ tolD 19lai e Or! ~/.s ~c

Ii
r
II e:
il p ~ +1 ~ c:b'<lJJ.H c POles~u.~e '10 NI y?2- " Ii
': ~
II
c.
~..vg ~~,,-~!~:2 q9E'-~~ :"7 Ii
II
c
Ii Fe1J tN) ~ Pelt;f ( f'Jfm~) A r (to) 2-)
Ii

~
X
II C
ij)io Cm'o/s) Ie
',i

i .
I
Ar Cm'-). c
c~
PowOj (Kto) ~ ~e~(~!Fat (KN)
@) c
. ~i nli)~eA.t ( }: rJ 1m 2-) • Ie
I

foq 19/dqQQNon es:tt910[(e ~.-r I~


~ "'"'Vl_AA"-A.,""".........- VV"wV~

liC'
PeJ~ (f\.f/rn 2- ) Y.. (Ap~ Ao)(tn'2-)
Fl9let tN) :
I~
m C
\! 1.91~ ( mls ) : : Gin C '1/s)
Y\r (m2-).
tti'C9I<'-t (tn/s) "/.. Ft:)fet (t N).

®
Qi n Cm 3/s ) )( POI «- (KtJ It'f)l.-) .
~
5 ~~' _~:=============~II~Y~D;':J\2'\~U~'~IC2'S AND JNU:'[\il.'\
i r«. S

~ ~)t ~~ ~~~ ~.~


t 8 2;ec.,
~
io fi~~~i pl~~Lsc> ~~9 ~
~ t . &·5m rico'loII d~(Qm(d t."1 : •.".
~_ ~"""'" _""""-./ .......... ~oJV __

~ F-:. .y 5000 N.

-G
~
p" 8 N/m m'2. L & "XID Nl m 2.

I~

~ "r :. x D '2­

\I
4
-J-J-'X-~-;" ~ y. 5 -b 2.S t I O~
,iJ
1> :
~
'\ TT , TI
.;;;
:;
[1):: (J·()%4 6 m ·l
;, Tjo '!2:.~ ~::~~ t~t ~~,,~~
~
klKT pump floto Gti n :: A p )( V P .
~
Bu:-~ u e1oc.i~ ~ tLQp:: c.~j Y) cl e)J 6f010'~ e Ii
~
time L91e. qd {o ~mplde ~
,~
+he <.tf aD lu. 11"11,,

~ lcp ~ ~·s
8- Ii
,~

,;) rLOp:: 0' Z I ~5 m/ s \.


\ "

Ii

I!
Ii
~ Q~n~ Ap'X V'p­ i
,:

~ ~ 5.6.2..5«103.')( O·3L2-5 i

l
Ii
Ii

\,. ~; n' I· '15 & )( t 6 &


ii

~ wPls i
Ii
"

,~
~~~ ~~ ~~ ~~~~,

o~. 'IL
III. ine
;;;)
'~
~ll'\r rOLO~~ l\.Cp')t r:
~ 0· gl~5 1- 4&00 0
'::J JJt O&~o5 W
:,~

:;,:)

:':J 8alaii.V, Lecl;~:~ in Mechanical Dept .. SSEC~8


~. Jengalllrll

::;)
-- =
A p'u-rnp ,Q.clJ)lxl'ej, ©'11 oj I, S Sps, l+O a, Sc rniDi eLi OUY,eJ!e-')J
dou:.bl(~ ctciin~ Q~d91 OJL® ( U c7 nd(''1 '" qtJ d he d!cod J(() ,q3CO N
(e )lie rX:fITYd 01ld 1St (;]\91 CL\!3 In ~) (~l d he Gjcd d-IC rcJ ej c57 l1L() (9 S IT)~ ,
b~ nC'! ;..,.
I~ cl,:c-KtHllC IPC-I€SSU5)~ C:lS--l~jll9J i'ih~_
o d\?!CK~·
'.' . J I " -
I r"! (,i\:lcnctinc

i'le ?ifO,len 'l((:JClf"lj ch_\:.{frr-j \:th~ t'lck::Jl?-"irJ co c k'ICI ,!: Q ,

"~; c11 urxk9J }; It'/ ' It'C q (it~']1 n~ do e (,1<:1 e.neh ()(O
e G'!<'W Ice .
,·u' +r~cb-lctJ\.Q!C IJC1~tt(,)C CllJ:,CJ)lrx:o Vh( lC!cfc.crcx.c.fJrYlJ Sk'iCK'C,
'\( 0 VJlro'1cn '\idCC.J teo cLl lC;11 111] dhe elrJ(0)0djn(~ 8kCj(1l~ c .
(LQ/ ''ID binddhe (j,und t0j KLO pDLCC1 C(Q.[:J)ffXV fhe oldlS'Jjo(~JTnco

I
<sJC1o tl e . , C,
1

c:
.~ w/
I

I;~~:.. ! c ~
~f):: l· 5 ...tps .' I- 5 ~H5 s c
i
'D ~ 56 mOl : 0· 0 S ro ,!C
d;
F~
~5 mm~ o·
.LJ 3 00 N U~~T Ct J2 tT)
O~5 lD)
Ie
'i,...

~~~'.~ ~~~~t ~~~


i;" ­
j .

10 i!~ :.
) -

kl h I

Ap.
04300
---~~
I' q61 1b J
~io ~~ ~~~JJ ~~. ~ ~~~~
;JAr ~iJ1 ~ A g:> x \l p .

,I ~ p ;. a l-?: I, 5 ~ 1~3
8- P l ' q 6 /< I Dr- S.

l r '\.lip: o· i 6 s '"t's J
Balaji.V. Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru
:; ~=~=~~=~~=~====
HYUI<.AULIC::-' /I:\JU lJI~LUIVlr\ 11\.....:>
I
~

~ Pvco IL")1 :. 1.\1eJJ X Fe.1!;f .


II
~
~ I:
43 0 0
~
: D,';:j6SX

"'

~
r t:bwVl"". :
,3 2 q 0 C.DcdJ 1
Z . .2q I; wJ II

Ii
:; I
I
.;;)
~Jf~!~~~~: f?,-~~~.~ ~Jl~~~9 ~ ~~~~~ ~ .~~~_ ~ ~ I
~
()o'-- TI X d 2-.
r;> U

tii)
~ Y X D·DJ-S2-·
tt3J-eJ
.;J
(Ap-A{) I 4)~, U+ q X , tl Y m)'-l
oJ
.. 4300,

~
-s - J~ e- \.t )
.
;) C

l,qb~lO ~.qiID

~ /Y:;;eJ:. ~q~ &- 1- !OS N/fO)'l. J

:" ~ .'lO~ ~~ ~ ~~~ ~~ :7


.:)

:')
.-3
\ • 5 1.. Ib
;;;l
:l C[. Qbr:l b 3. ;.... 04 cq xI6~~
~

~
[ 'tt6leA' I· 02. «lis. .I.

~ ~~ ~~ ~d~~'"~· ~~ ~~~ ~~::j


:;)

~ 6.f~o \$i e :..,..


.;J POlDLt)) t91u·. rv\91eJ 'c fl.9lu
.;;)
- I· 02;< /130[)
~ - t~ 6 (L'1(l..lJt,
Ii
~
I
~
J
:)
l 13a lai i. V: Lectllrer i n Mech~lI1 ical Dept., SSEC, Bengalllrll ====~
09
II
1:

:J
::>
-- ,
e
C 1,
C:

C
I,
~

c
C~

c
·c ,
C,
c:
C
Rod
~

pltmC)~.,) etyk'YI~ cc$ ond bbct,8


the. bc91ee bloc-v
(h~cl11QC1J 'Ie . cd tbW
fC'Jee ~ IOLD on th e I',C"
~. .. 'i

~clU9J() S1~lo"'e· ,r
(~

:,C
RoD
r - - - - - -..----- _ :,C
,~
~.

f\IOtD ~he 191e.s-1t911clEd


pet1 h d e-u'..k~"J)o.:l q
r:
th~ p}nY106)
~
C
MeedJe '\fetJve e~n,h'10 It
lHx ~10-1e. Q~ dQcQ~~oJrof)
c

Balaji.V, Lect'~cl' in Mechanical Dept., SSEC Bellgalllrll


HYlJIV\ LJUCS ANI) PNUH\ilAIICS
I
~
I cnnslt:)) LLcJion and ctr~'lo:Hon ~,:;,-
1'J>..J_.~VJ~·\...A...A...... ,~ .-.......:.AJ'v'\....:>V'\-.A/~

I c~~Qfnd~9J c~.s hion'inC/ A \.1'U picaJ


II V U U
QX')GO~~r>~ UCO Lr&rtQS4t9/ ~~ed 8ntfhe c~Jl)O~(' biCO I=T(f ®J; e, #}(J(£) 0

SJ10lot dhe po£J.I1on C2b d he pico1on oj dhe GFc~"11'1 c<1Jld end (CD fhe
CUJ~ Il,Dn) rxo adioo t9)-e.sr ed i LOetrJ <>

f-),'l dhe pica·lon CQ..j)P\9J OQi c:h Efi doe end Qh


8 ko (H'\9)O II e , tJ he pi tRJ') CO ~ ~rd e5'1 t dhf' end Cftp PotC'1.j Qod d hLt~ if

blocJCE tI he bOlf C btoto e N OlD cl he btw d U10 l:!L"J 02i')joecl be3ween i h c I


I pi(()~or> ~rd 0he <:-nd <nP lo/co btt~Jd CGr> escap~ (o-OtrJ bCO ~}fXjj I
o

dhl91o~ h \Jhe o.dJ lu1 able ~Q~·It9J'doq (need Ie lQQJVe) Ct~ ~howT) I
8n D'ca ®o Thico pu.~d blow 11P,t71o~ h Uhe 19J~~{91 ic1e.d blow paJh II

ceuuQf\ tJhe plC7J~on clv deceJa-1 a:/Je 'The LCJjQ-fe 00 deceJ~9cdjof) 06 o Ii


. . ~
~he pico-Ior> COJ) be, wo-I(91OIIEtf bY) t:Jhe CQdjuj(k~l)l'e 'heedJe-! woJve e II
, I,

A non- t9l e:tu.9J n @l c-·neu) 'lQ.cU\.pe JC() pc910wded 00 CQilotO DGJoee' bfcW!i
on bLJJd do J he ~O Gnde.9J °i Lt~C1t 0V dQt9J4 neg Jhe Of e:k~9) r) ~,rC910 ke Ii

:2,~~~~~ ~ ~6~~ ~~"}~~. ~ ~~,!~.~-J' I


1)~e.n~n~ ~ JheJc9J 1.Q.Je V'vJd POW01 ~dtindqf.
o II

CX-l)Q C1.udJlcilile un 0. U9 Ide l(L(]3]Ie-f)j CV CS1rJfej omd cons1CJuc:Nor)~ [i

The DO lQ,pex.vi Ilea <J!3I e Jhe bcuiC' ODns<IG/u.d'lon <3.tco re$ r f) !I

\~o=ltuknloJ potVe9! ~lindq~ ~ Ii

c.h Tie 6jod uatjndVJ~ . :'


(~~) Mill J ~~e. ~rJf)ck)[~ ..

Cill) one- pIece LoeJde.d e;.dtJhc~<?JlP,.

c..i"ll) Thqead<:,.d heD.ci qjUnCle~t.

f< T~e Glcd c'VLlrJE'.3)t ~>+' I


~ ~ "''-'U-'VV·-A.o'~ II
-+ '111/(0' J(() dhe mosi wmmo{) (3J1jle Qh wns: loudlci
and lleo ~jJ-JE'()Si \J e~ UJed If) unCJmn- Ja' ~PU(a41~
'7 ·The.sE ~Ll nclVl~ br nd 'Lt3( '10 'tOledJu/O) and !i

he.<lU~ d.Ld~ CSlf>t=>Uc.o:fionl- W-heJ}e &~rx.fi wexc1-E Ii

·j l
.~~=~
Cl9je tJ~·f){'J1)Q\) ced.. :
Ii
Balaii.V, LectIJ~~ in Mechanical Dept., SSEC Bengalul'u ~~=~..~
iI
H YDRAULlCS ;\ i\JD PNLUMAIICS l"
r ...,.. Th e. d re LC)./ Dc:1.J?, CQ..~1 e c0lfx Q.blf' ©~ Lf c~(ci nco (j m r ~ d LQ ()(Qd~ .
~ Tf,Q plS20blern cb elonqaHon (Db tie 19JDci,B uncle'l ~eSiSLDle\ C,
)Ii, L

,'In &oo1J GJmo ~e "d uncleJJ~ <'1e<> ~ lO<OJ Co me b'(J Pl9J e-S -bJ,""i~ c
tjhe Ojoch, Gnel dw::e. b~ ~r~)rfQ a h;?Jh~ ·f-o<9lCJue II c,

I de~~och n~ on V Q/)(\H 0 0 0
ie
I II
I!II'
c Yl~ \I
,--,~",J
,-t' U' pC:'
~"-V ,/~-
eyl (j ncl C'l t~
,-1J,v,-" 'v'v,-,'-A,
;+- I ~
I ~,
~ The CrDn~·It0ltte.flon Lt1 Uhe-2(' heo.1,JJT) chd~ ('~Jljr)(Je))~ } 11 Ii c
,
Ii

tQPmlln,9J dD dhcd (In d re IS/od c.ooS.1~lUd ion e9<'(,'E'~1 dhcrf d he II'"


I
i

et<nco fh UD cl.ieorneJ€9J t9jc.dto 0b dhe bCtlJen7IXd bo Iff S!.e!domf'N!eec4 c : I


II J he l'?ICdlO s : I. i C. -:
I 4" Fi ~lnca ~ lc:uJi:(j e,fJ C191E pt910tikled oj dhe Jwo endz;f (()6 C ~
I dhe LJtilie dh\9lo~h LQ.Qhfc1) dhege @ot9ti bDUt CQ~E? b1'tXfd o C,
-t Thico J~ pe «:lp L()n~'f<Slud Jon ura- ?}ene.'1ctQ1<O (x91el7~ued ! c:: :
I In ~eeJ m) 1t41 ~ 'fO)Q.icd f:x310 W ,irxc
S ~ndtQj'l~ie.j: LfLQhe9)e <IJpe~cdJ'1J :L .
II CbO)(lU~ IODfi, "n'\1~
'--Vf
$eAP&1e
~J
r !:~

'\ Ifl~ (9ne piece LccJded CJ:'Il Q:1lC / l t . d i o n ; - r - .


~, ~.~--",-,. ••~Jo.J-.A....rv ;~~.\....A-J~"-~/,...-
\~,
!
II <1" dhj(() Jtdre.(a~ cQ)os:'1l9Ju-d,of), cine bcd1J 1(0 e'7'~he31 i~'
.. .->r

I Co.£t In·1eCU61(Q,,Q,,Q1j @) 0lhe end,e ct9J e LQ..JQ.~d€ci· @ crr9mp:d L~D the.. tet1:x'~ Ie- :
~'1' h€.B f CQ.':'j e Glmpie arx1 {) T)(? J.../J<2I)~{r loe 7{) d ('-S,iq] 1) and k
I CJDj e non - $ "'~ wceetbl e • ~,

~ Th~ a~( ui'ed do mobfle God bCR.9J JOl eqlLir)(7f)en~ ~

LQ.Q~Je l1he duJ~ c.r.ocle mod6Jaje" ~

E
t.ICO Ii

-+ In< UDe.ld.lr>CJ q Llhe endf "b dhf' tlcobf' m I e9j b


b~n; s h1"'V tro..oo (91 cs <li1 9(J ct fa,~ Dod iD() Db the J u.b e, d ho "-'0 h f
we Idi nCd
~ 'If.
<cp
'ThrS'IECtded
dh e C"'-P
(2J)d
Qm
uuG rcle'J),(::
mruv
~~
eQi m1 lTd e (fea~l1. br y

0
.~ ..\JV L/,_A"",--,\../'--- ,~~ .~.I-...../V ~ .......... ·../.......,v t:

~ '1n d-hi(O d1Jp€ mb C0ns.·!191 udioll, dhf Qr:dI.. CL9Je £.


:1 !ScJfetOed On dvdhe dube bY) ~dh\.9Jeod7nco (QQ.tJs:Jde@Gn{;jdf'<J f

~
~
-'( +/owevQS1 Jnlco If)C7Q)cen,t. LthE' du.1:x' C'Qnd pl91 0 bl ('mph
:

I.sC,Ch ev p"-~ b<d wrxen-/eJicl j~ e;Jb tlb(9)€ udt w11h 1he bome OIJ 1h" I
CC-ij Gnd «.~ C8le ~ h h €3JE: 01 ~ f
Bal<lii,V. Lectul'tr in IVlechanicai Dept., SSEC', BengalurL: C
1/1
C
~~~c~ ~~tt~~.:2 C1tl~:i:~ ~-+-
Th~ d1n~le.~clin9 ' dottbreCMJih~ e.ea 11 rclc1t cem be
mcdJtied \.10 CQbicttn c~9J'lciin Ci~ec.kLI d e.2}COhri. lh:se e.Q9)e mE'Qolt to
~d'JIe.\fe apedb1c (Dres'letfii()O)~ l1iK ( a. w:>nLQe~ djcoplac~n'l, hJCO'he3)
Ii

Jbacttf)~ , doLtbte ehded J.vCQdrnCO


ii
II
C?-1 Co I

The bOSWloinco (tOle cfhQ LJwd~ ~ i


I
SIDlOle <D~ ~he <S'pecic:tI u~re~ cOb (~(5 nd~ ~ ~ !,

i
\
C-1J l1 nd Q...~ bCD1\..'7J eJ 1\
I

TP:Z:Z::;;~~z::z:22:z::ct
,
p
S
T
o
I 1\

I Ii

~ ~ dt-Io.ble.·· tSllDd CMund~ otse l:'tnown os I.:Jhl910LQ.~h(i


~
\J1od ~ ltrdt91. v
h().~ plco·ton t9tcd...& e.rcle.n dro1J VC910m both Q~ <aD dhe I~'l
t-~ unci e)j •
dhe blWd en4~:
"7
;e<1::: o
C3 d o '
.:h eJ::I:l:';~d~~~~~t~~~
d-ttC~ a dVl)(:an uco mosi ~1Clble bOI91
"" I
pe:'rl~OL~min~'
Ii

{DOt"lh on both H,e end,i ct~ a. dime ~ hence the ~c:tl;Dn J<o I
1"6XX9Je e.J;ti cion1 . -r drocE' dh~e ~e Jt.Oo <9Jod ffid~ <2Q¢boL'1'r1ed <pn \!
uhe beCJflnco~, Such ecuLind-e)J~ (an. lO1th.~~cu~ hiodhE'9J~idEJ LQJcd.&c
a. .~~~~ ~ ~rE5:2 :-+­
@jrJnde)') bevtJl~ .

p P
I I
S ~
T T
.0 0 t-----.n---.I
N ,,-I k­ Re1C"';)Clcl'-J on.
-~

:,j
.:J
-~
H Y [)RAULlCS A I\J[) PNlUMAllCS "'~

r C\.Ild
. - ~=~===~~ . =~== 1
I ...
A d,ll)ckrn C'll0od 0 1 one dn ttQhjc~ LlLOD @J mOGle pi",Jof) \,ie, ~-;
1'1 19Iod CDtn b'i oed i 0 f) s , (5)1 e (l] J em hied a! C1 L'li; g j d uo 71 w f j h QUi, e,
I, pladorw mowrkd on <L1"lj Ie 19iod. Ii c,1

II -'I' &>uch C-lJOI'X"l~91':; OO/C de£jCOhQd Jo pe)vtoide Cl dG3JCdE' LOOiJlON:'kl; C J

I\1

Ct"lea cmd <.lh~ c.QQ~e D("<9Ite~ ~1'J<9l


. U
CI ~llQef) pc,eHUCj< b(!!91 Cl .s; "'cUi
u'
i ('""
-"1

\ '1 Und<'9) diaf61de1. \ ('" i


~ [lnLh ('(I Li rxk'1 ~ <91"-01 W(9) e rum p Q toI Jh h ;~ h lC'1 Dtoto rcclep i ~
bOOJ CI ll 'lPW pi (ll,J 01") eLi" rI Ci ceJOJ"f)i Gi oc e. cI he "" I ho.~ d
o
be I c'
Q(~p0e.d do dwo ua t1rrle51)~ • i C:' !

T~~:~~~ ::a~~~~ ~.~ ~nn~ ~lird~ ,


\c ~ C ]
c
!. :
!
,
c 11
II
'c ~
I',
I! n "

~ ~ tl
ii~ tl
i 11
'e lJ

->­ R/e2&>P Ie cJ>..I t1 nd~"1fl~~ 9~~e d l<Qbe9j e d he9J e J", 0. I~ :


&./oGce wns:iD)c<1 rrI.
o ->- fJ Ll
u
d":t¢ Ic 9l0 nd e9j (() n(ll j ",i" tJ b" S e9jIeB 0b (9]om!'
I~1(; ~~
neg jed un o Ll e/eJK0pJC wse..,bUO lODh lell Peon oro] do Q eQD nco erl ensio'l!C ~
"7 ~ 9'1 h ()$ m tti:H pi e LeA U nc1 ('51%- lthcd (,i'f)~ mO(Iln-kd Ii 1I
~ V ~c ~
wr)(e!Y4191"~aJ1~ e. m?fh7'n d-he ofhe.~.. f I
I' . ". 00
rro e dcs I ~ n ~I{Q St, ch dna'! cine SrmeoJ mos 1 cv lJ ncI e~!~ I
I el!..lerx:la> bi19J51 t ()Q h it e cI h p ric x.:l ~ Uod ('I n!efx:1co (1! ~ j t
9
1 CQ'IQ) rI efIon f ~
IlljI dhr bulll el!''l;oke
I .
Of
dheb,l9j>:1 C1J Um/",) "
_+ Thw t'Cl.d. t'lfUnck'J IVI.lenclQ 9n 0Jo'iJ e, f!)n P Qi-b!''!
bI bII
l
'~e 1l11h0l' ~C<.~6'h'lJe e>b ihe dCi'ncJ.«-'J hct l
CSI. Ct &ff>€\Ie lJhcd bf-J.c i",-...
11
(:I.

1 \1010 \:In,, p<9le~tlou .., e1c<cu e rop the C9~U ,..,ci"-'1.


Bdldll.V. Lecturer In Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru ' ,
.t II
f'l-f~e--- il

C-- :1
.~\. ",I
.=~=~~=~=~~~~~~~....:.I.:..I Y~D==R~J"~.L::::JI~::,;:I(::::S~'AN l) 11N Ell M A I ICS
\ ~ ,£ u ('10 <''0 Ur:d <'" '. Oc'le Wise pLtI pplJ cai ron ~ <91 eq" I(9) t n 'il 1
b0<9/ Ot 0

II Cl LQrn9 e!tO>IO 1'1 e b uJ to') 'Ih (!) tJ 'iI <li rni J('d Cf:;oce ow01 i 10> b I. bO <'Jj I
II line Uf>~,d<Cf)ded (9J~lo) e !:

I ~ d""w 0b "ihe ""p ptfccdfOo~ I!Ob t:leJ,,,wplC c~Ci od",~ 'j' ndude !
hT9~ttOiC tt9}CQ.\JeJI) h )COh Li bt b0 <9) 10 fc'1 ucfcj. dum p ~k9] u d.N) d i' pp~'1
I Ii
(l')cuOOOq
~-v
ei\'. "I'Ii
t1eLhc,-nle~ ,tEd) Q'fICbJO.Ji.CCic cCyfCtnoJcs1 lc~c\.d1()C? ~'7 :,
1
~ 1~.......1 ~ .--,,-. ,-",_, ,--,,"--"'--' rJ~-tF"'J--.,)~
'....................: vv ~~ \...../'--"""'v-.-i') V'--"
1

-'t O)nmCU1~ a.ppLic-cdj'On~ dhe J.oCl,d D0t91C~ ~Jhcd ex I i


fuocljOl-LWC CJlaOnd\:Y) mU.2i ~lQ~LOme doQ,e no{ Ct8 cs..tonC(j dOE ajxJe;) COb II

d-he. h~cb,cw.1l( ~Cinde91 e II

"'7 "ThU-,B r dhe JIDod 00t9lce ond dhe tuv cLJQutt C'... II

c. 7f ei nd~ b0 0lCe 051 e. hDi eq uaJ 9n CO Q.f) e3l ~ e II

~ The b0tifOLOro~ URJ G..o ancma.s.;g on how 10 ~

d eJ<U) mIne 0he hI! d.91c:u.U.ic COU nd ~ b(')~1Ce. ~E.CiLJ ISj<:d uo ~)U e I!

q'L0rl cmJGf ~clfs w1nCV dhe b1G7.sl deus, Q?eJlDlJd ~3 OJ) d dhlG1d Ii

d~ J~\fe5J ~gkm~o ~
Ie ':10]&1
."'\../1..,-1 .......................
c1~~. ~~
_~~ __
~e-\[e:;) ~sklf)
.~.--'-""-""'-
..."A....,.
~,.'r • .-.______.
L.,
'-
Ii
Ii

loa.d Rod t:>In 1\

II

II
c.'lfLi rd ~ &1 cd ---t..!>B
kvU) ~

U P If) Fh~d ./-ti ro e I!

I='e..tfl -l-­
Pin U
I:

fi
Ii
r
i'
r HYLJ!<.AULICS A :\JLJ PNLUMA Ill'S ~

~ .+ TO deJq),f'J'/ne J-n~ ¥nclO) b0c:YIce. Fc.v' 191E:-qultSl)E:6 Lto c0,Joe o, I r­


: .load if' '"I Ce toe "9 «cd e "'0 menIco
1'",,,". Q bOld <.the bi "-,d h ;"'if '- . I C'
tt9 h lC: h J(() cthE' Pi'lQ 0 t pdf oJ <9b dhe d ~tQ 01 0 Ii c:
. '"' Th e 'l!un<l bj pOGlce. <,H.teJrtA ~ oJ" <'ltO IQPe
clh< <Ltil <Jj Ic
('Olu)46jdodCt~i.s.~ etl:::ctd d-he pi ttf' t Cl'c-hd dh10 cfJJecdef, a lCUllJ'k3j CJJX~J)Cci~~'il t
iI 1nOJ'6Jeo-l
l
• I: e
il '7 81m) iQ~~, dh~ etOC:K1' b<3C9j('e L~1€('c/e~ .('t cwc..rttc,ico€ rnoTlf)e() f- e
il eQ.bo td Lt he p) lJ-O1
0 . , \ e-
Ii ~FH ~quitibl9fcJm ( dh~e Jwo mE'men~co G-91e CG/te...oJ .~f) C
l lq d •
it rr70illA nIt tic e 0

II
Ii
lJ
(1) ~n·f e.J1 cJ1.0dceol'se tlnO mel) t .:: d.v uew k e m C> TOX:!l) t
II

I
I F'cw c i, COg 0) :: FtcoJ CL" tos; @)

h.~ t: L ~ff.to..d + CD
J-,
+ '11 eJm'lQJ d be. hoi ~d dho.:t dh e. ~ trod ~ J ~ cJ e...u-ls .. fo,ot.Qlyf ~d

do Ql.ttoCD Lth€ \9(od - pinned end doJ~CUJd c-dor>9f dhe cJ<9]tWCt9]

PcB h «'2p t.:ih e.. Lt tlH..9j CY.-~ S1 071 oied .€ fi G.b oed u..fCc> D11e. d- h)'nco e. pY() e

-+ 9 V doe cwlt".'1Une 0.0 tine t"t1~auJ,jc L~ ctnde9} be-come;


lDbb£,eJ b~ (]JJ ctfX(jk Q D<9tom doe 'LQ(9J+ieoJ 00 &howo 1n abvue biV

dhe \91-e,lojiD~~P be~meJ;,

:"
/'
:" Fi<x.ed hl'n~e. pIn

""
~ '/> I
I

:>
/
~
1/
t

~ /1
;;;)

riJ
;J
~ .. F i~. Qhew~ Q Se.t.~nd - clc:tlS J w e7l ~s --\\CJDI / tt..Qh lch
Cibo19e.

~ UCO c1JO-')~t51I<Be.d bll dhe ~.d tl'Oclcl t9Jed PIO beJn~ ti£,u:x~ed bdcneen ,I

~ Uhe ~t'Xed- h~n~€ p10 (led CiJ tJod~'l "'loci p~n 0b Jhe cku<9I • I
:) The cmewo g1 ~ Ci", "",,,,mpU<Shed b'lj eq t.ta:fin~ mo,..,errI, I
='
~ouJ \the bl?Le.d- hincv e pin CUl DotLe:iWlt : Ii

.:J F~ I C\9Sl ep CJ- t t L2 ) (OJ! e:. F load 'Cl}. Cos: e) It

Ii
~ L~. ~
~
F l :.. F,ood. -+ ® I'

C1J eLl +L2) ('.D; q, . Ii


~
.;) Co hJ~I'incO ~ h ® +'0 E:.C1n@ dho~· lthetl a.. SmWI~
I'
,.
I.

~~l'tryjt9)cV:)C91(e.~-~tho-t9je.qu-lt91(d 00 cbJiue 0 cai lil eJ) \.-Qoe:td bCOl ce bDG1 Ct

~
eu k Qen J~tUe51 l.h~J)l1th 1 a se.l:Dnd -deus Jle..t.o~ Jro 1.ue.d Uos-lea.d cD

;). 0
~
o b'GISl- dcrH JWe!.
Th w U2?5 nca e~ 6e.®nd d~.9.~ JeJ:.H', eje:tlhe}
.
ethan Q bl l5JlSf . Ii
I
~ 0= clw <9) <9jedc1C€$ dhe <9[ equi <91 eel uo Urxk~ prcoion OBJe C\ bOO! 0 'Oi""n I
~ ctpplic.cdion ~ . Ii
:j ~ 1 W 1nTJ- D QSefQ)od dcuj, l€-llJ(5J CQJ.Do <9J €j(tH (!> 11) Ii

~ C\ 6.m~ ~ \load dJ~1oM c '0° 0 1 0. 1fi v.e.n ~l1nci~9J ~:I'C9101(c" /:


\:
'~ t
,.
F
[:

.~ i:
\;

Ii
"
::j Balaji "V Lecturer . -~8~~~~==========
viec I
t,,, In IIi '
tanical Dept" SSEC
- , Benga Iuru
:J
.:J
!~.

lie­
~
Ii
I:~

Ib
I
.
EqlLQ1ion (!j) l3I€.UJE'-all LthaJ bO\S1l Q dhl\9')d d(lj~ leJQe91 J I!~
I
.
dhe ~Undq t0I.'3\ ( t: uro- ~(9)ect:les-) uron dhe LQoad b00l Ce ~ lie·
The 19jectlDn bOl9J llsinCO .-dCtl~ Jkuq ~'km lCCXdd:
Cl dhi01d p.
lbe: 00 pt91cduce Q Jvctd eJ~olle ~ho1 ifO ~t9leet~1:9l Ijhon the ~tfnde)) :F·
Isk'l 0 lq e ,~ tl he e;t}eng. CO {3JeqWl'J~ t)~ C'l t.lCO"» '1J OJ 'lI (j n dq eli em> d"" • f
I If)

~ ~~~~S~:7.
6l .
r~ ,

i I" ~CBJ thE V\(5)J.3~ r SCCt'OcJ ~ dhll9jd . cta~ l.h~.-ul?51 S1!gl(Jo)~ lJhQ
I f"
I! ,rotlOU0\ne:v cLcdc\ (t'l ( ~ 'tHeo ~ f·
Il=_._. 1- 1 0 [2 ~ 10M b.'
Balaji.V. Lecturer in r,;.kcli~nlcal D"'pl
v.,
SSEI'
"-,
Be ngaILIlLI
· .-.
I~

C"
~.
...J !-IYDRAULICS '\ND i>NLUMAi ICS
=================
(j:'; c'"
Flood " 1000 /\\,

F~ nd \..:the ~ Li rei 1'5) to,':'-) ce ~\ieq lC'!\.:}( d dc, cs:.-(oesj C!D IO)\"

b['e'l d h (' 0. ~ t-' f~J.s,f' d Ctg<:; Ici~( e'l

~~
b c­ \0d r r )(~ d nil s I no c)-)
.,~ c" 'I h ;c~Kl - eJ'ccR-s tcO ('1; ,
~
,,:;)
L[: tom Q" Fil'ls.-f dcQ..!?s I etOeJ ~-?
-.J-.J~ ~ ~ ~~

;~
"--2,: lorn
.~
EC- t : L2.
¢ : o" G II LOS¢>
~ Flcad z tnoo N .
~
-, ~ c lO(90)
lo {(j
~
tooo N.
:)

:J b.. <S ~c.eJ t)d d «ss IU{l ~ c .. Th)~d clo.ss 1wes, ~-r
A...A...J..-.A...A.~~~~~ ~~"""""""'\....A..J'o..o'~~

:" r L2
n::,~l'~ . F1Dctd. Fc..ru r :: L, -j- L2- F I oo.d
=' eLI +L 2) ~<P L 2 CDS;~
Ii
~ Ii
~ (IDOO) I0 +I 0 C to 00) rl

,.:;J UO+It?) X I Ii
lOX I I'
if

i
~ C tDbD) II
II
2-1 I.
:1

500 N 1 2.oo0N J. "


Ii.,
Ii
I:
i'
II
I:
I L9m<fled lS1o·1a.i\oh ~cL:I(lL\J~c mclclc:jD ~.,.. \:

~~- ,~~~ ;~~d19;:;;:;fDf) l\.~d"l<4LQic mDh'l Q~ts" ((tl1.J I


es.cl tro:NDn mo100~ (@) ~OlCX91l~ cu.:h-te:tfrol> pel old d ~ ~Dl Ct'11) lQttl ptti , Ii

Ifrot-ion <n~~ ct btr)T~e ~k . Ii

Thk, d em ce rlSloctufe1' h"ilh <'1n~kmjcmelXt~ ioeJgue I


8n cl'1hO] d,j(9\e-dfo n ~nd 19Le-qtU(9j(~ <nn~ ('.\ (2XDCQ..tl ~ce and Glmb 1e Ii

motQ.o,.jo~£ g III,'

f1o-fG-"'rI~
u.cJOv~~~.ensL~~ a:p a c-f'n.rn b e9J @)
QG-d i

I C'..hCt~ b.~l1> e.on~ ~m1n9J ltne LOO~ lc'inCiJ d (]JxJ (J nnOLQ02ble ~bare btt.u !i

I 'Qlml LtQhiCh -the OWl d mft. I


Balaii.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, B e n g a l u r u - _:=~j
~.,
I'
II
Ii

II Jc
II

\I~S_;}~~ ~~:. ~~~~,:~~t~~ ~~, :5~L:~~e ~~~!'.~~S~l ; r


ii'

II
I The: bOLlQDtOvncv homenclakQ5lj c (!Qnd OOcQ~S:;~ role
il~pu(ct.bk 'do o ill'miie.d 0lokrlfDO ht~ebJQV!iC roo+coJ wn1 Clf r.n i o9 ex
I
ilGJ nco Ie
6 j J­
\91010:' 1ncO 1..Qa.fJC:'

II . Rg ~ ou:k~J tS1o.dl~ Qb t.S1010(9) (m) if"'>.­


I
i
'-­

i
[ R\I'''' OLd e5] Glc.dr Ltn 0b Wa.n e (tn) i:C
l. ~ k~ idd h CfJ \('ane C. to) ) ! L.
i
p.." +tCVcljCQ.ttlic J::ol~$tl9}Q. (N/ m '2 ) Ie
I
f.." tt ~cbJ~c D~Jc.91c~ cuJ1n7J on \OCtoe- LN)
I

c.
~ _> g'L~PD.((~ Cq~C'.! q lQaOe fn wn-lcrcl w"1th lO5 \ Cm2..) C;
T ~ TOCi/91.AE' copoiH~ C N- ro» . :C,
Th~ bOGlce CY-dfrxa on dhe 'WCtne l~ Ie
i
I

F::: p. A
~ PCRv-I<f2.)L -4ID I~
II
Ii
""

The dw€.lcr)(~·d Jco I1h~ pGI'CClud


0b0lC'1LLQ (fl~ (j he blJ01 ce QJ.nd th~ Ii c:" •
t,"-
,.\"... .
mean C91a.d,u-.£ cop lfhe. yat) e .

T(x.CjJqm::: FCJ(9Ke X f\.4 C CQ O 19jadru.~_

T ~ pC (2v.- Rp.) L x f2v-f R[2­

2....

T ~ PL(R~~Rrl-) ~@
2
! TOGjqu~ U'n~c)fO)f> 0b LQelurnel9lfc dicoplO'ceme..n-1 can (;L~O be

II d d"" fIJi, fled. Lee h QJJ1! .


C Rv - R~ ) L
1
I, V D c. IT .;:;
Ii
I' ' @
l~\J 2 _ ~(2?-) L :- \I D ~ @
,
II
n
1\ ~ubeJi~ uJ}n~ ~.n ® 'in @ tn~o Kx91qLt,

l~- =

l3alaii.V. Lecturer in Mechanical


\'1- ~ }d® 0

c Dept ., SSEC ,enga


B 1­uru

c- .

HYDRAULICS AND PNUJMAI Ie::;


J
I
~pGloble.m(', o
o'~
~ I vv. 'V'J'- ~

~
111<8 '8.jn~l(:' 'LCCtlJc: Gif' 1CCC. i 1) GQ..dlr~dO\.?1 jJc:t.~ cJhe DC'tUCt"t"ln~ clQ1C'\~7
IIII "'l','l'" jo c"J'
. ',<../ ,c' 0_'~
\2"-L d 'I' . c·
r_lp. r- .h
L~, \.~:',
r, t ,'J '
1 Cl>j .: r 0"
..::. .:» '.:::> !Ol
~
Il Ol.dc, 0jCldiuJ (Ob lCcc:o(' [co 5 fii)
~
II
LO IcLir--, (~b LCCthe .: I m
;) II

II
:.5
dl:'lJctcpccl de C°U.fS")(crn~ dhe done{ '7
.~

~ I &~) C., i \)cn dcdo 0

~ RR: os fO) kl Kr
f( v ~ l-'5 m T: P YD
~
L-:- Itn
~
p~ ~ I.
~
p::. an r ~

I=- ~ \000 N. Vj)


~
VD: nCf2v 2-- f2? ) L
~
~ n C\.. 52.._ 0' 5'2 )
~
.~
['lEt>:: 6o~~~.J .
~ p:- .2 vT " :LIT X 1000

\/D 6"52<iS-

.~J
I~p:: lOc)O Nl m ?-.' J
,~

,,) fl. R 6J'nCOk 'ljLc.&Oe ~cl<;;y,::!'JJtJC (I: "Q:V ttay 06} hCQ4! C\ 'lCLC!LOe L<OIJ-h [)Ld e1
,~ 6'10d'j Ltg Q
n 1£010) fn aod cUeo LOidJn i CO 30mm" The lccrne lR>
;:, moltofE:c\ © n Cl <$..oob + (I:;b ~':'-iGdJ Lt£ l S r.J>70) b rhe bLWd Ge~bc~ o ")

:> pcCl (~l~"fl Tco- &. 0 h pQ, lQ..Q hed )(() 0 he \:I l.> C919 t.LQ C'J ev e. Ce{x d·~ f)5_~ U /0) «
Q

J-he ced llCdc\.0) e..ti t1 i cie.naj ~ b q 0 I~ c -u I:


~
d@m qiVe,o doJa ~7 v /1

;; ~ ~~, Vb: n Cf?,/-- (2/2.'2-) L i


R1/: 6Dmm ~ a-Otom ) I:
,:) IT Co' 062.;.... 0 ' 0' 5'2. 0 - Q3 I'
L ~ :Samra>: 0' 03 rD) Ii
-:j \PD: 3.18 X /6 L { rof Ii
RR ~ 15 mm . f) • 0 \ 5 ; !I:,:

::) ? ~ 20~PO~ 1()')<ID N/ m 2 ~ T~ t. Vf? ~f)X10b '13,-1% X ID~ Ii


~ I'

2n ~rr
,~.:;)
T= '1 F
i:
Ii
.~ ~. ~ 0/ 0'/" T:. I 0 I 2 • 5 N - rn ~
~.. ~ '. . fO(jJ qO<>/" qybtc}wq; T= )0[2°5)( 0·9 =-lQ/l 'L-sN- i.
':3 Balaji.V, Lecturer In Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru '
--,
&1

-,':)
=~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~H_YU=I{=A_U_L=I C'~S '-'ANU IJNLUMAIICS
--".
'~1
;Ii ~

Ii]
+tl~cbICtQ.,ttic l~lO kc.<'l'~ CtdtLCdo<.91~ C-~) ~ cthDse l~Qh i ch I Con )Je))~.L!: ~
h.L~cbJcU'..L~C cnQ)]~TJ vn~o "lOJechcm t~cd eJ)~lCij ~ an 0he. bOl~lm (Q~ t91O.ICt,,)~ , ~
'n/o+)OO and \.:h.')t'JJC1lH~" . . ~~
Thko 1910~CS.:J1~ molion Qf)d 0C)(~9W m~ be <LtJled Jo 1 ".~
t"'''''~ (lQ1 It)C<."1!CI COD ai b~"}len1 ncdu'I e• tt']cbJC<ufl c ~ qeh1~ O'l1t.<etb'1 ~>:
~C\Je CX)mmQn~ ~cQJJed ~cl9cuJJC. 'IO)01oet~.. .' Ii \:..'

f1 hQ~cl9mu1fC mOl0t9J .cJ..os~ L91€&Q.mbtej> fL~cb)cs.uti c Ii c...


PI:.JJo)tx o (in lihe1(9! cnns1C9)Qt.:!ion 0 U)() dha.1 cn~e s f.x.~jleJl~l.tS'Je. ce..l'l I')w,ne.,R C
tfhQ b~~ilid mowrKij eJernC?f)1 ( tlhc:31~b1:J d~Q~pl)cg Utx91que Gthd c
C'.D o-llno us 19J 01 CV11j motJ on 0 ,

There ~,e cf n\91€c bOJ!,'ic. lJ~p~ ~ h.rJd.~Ctt.t!j c mc1oC:Jlt1~ \ c.~,


Ci~ rnb~(0) ~:. C~
Van e motoc3J ~,! C~
~ t: . ~.'
pi<oion mo1o{3f.
Ic. I
I\ ~.
!
!
i
,t" .
.
i

i
I.'
,c:''.
,
II'
i,
c: >

li~.~
lie ~

!IC~

~
II,·C"
Ii,' ,.

~ A TJe091mo1a~1 d tlce]"orco +OC91qu-~ do.e J-o k~~ c. i c : I .

pt31e.2.SU9je cut-inCO e» 1he. SlQ9}{f-Ce.fl ~b dhe. 9fE.O-~ JeeJh Q~ CIho<-oO) :C' ,I~.

Sn bi ~. G-bOl<le.,
. -+ !he- ciiLOJE'...~tfon enb CStrJla..Hon <Dj dhe ?7)(Jb~ can b€.
I t31 e Lce..-.,~e.d !xo ~E.Ue.-'?')~~ r1?J dhe di19je..d Jon (Q b LotO 0 u
. --7 Fl$' lln Line c.age (C'D ~eQ91 ptUQ)PV erne. LQ0lcHaR7'Otl'C
,

Ie .
J

d..A&pla(e.~0i (C)bO ~~ mo·l0<.'71 uro- bil?ledo I.e- .


Ii
I . .
l3alaii.V. Lecturer in M;;:;'e~cj~la;;;ni-;:;ca;)1 nDe;;:p~t.,(S~SC:ECr:,~B~e~ni-,~'a~!L1~rLI~~=~~=~ ~~==~_.

lY.&
~ ..
r' ,- -', - H'{!)IU\ULlC) i\NU !>Nl:;U:'v1;\TICS
~"~~~~~-"~'-~~~-~~~~=~~"-~=~l!

i "7 '1-1 LOl/(OlCOtCO (QV a f.:x~-it91 (ti~ mC t1 cnf Yl9j CO QCUl,& endvS!c.d 1\

i Lin C\ },D.'l-tlln~ "'D.d d91 J"en b<d bltu d PC91<.s~ U9Je c- !!;Joe 0b d~< I
Ii ~e.tt'ilt LlQ C~nhE:'ded do GO CDJLL1pld 6..hQ2b+ ancJ lthE:. lDJheJl L1({ an Ii

!iLidte.<Jlo Ii
II'i -'r ~ECt-"¥1
I
mo400l~ CQ'31E "Lml:::aJ<x-oC'ed 'ino+CCJI,B .. The rxAd=Jo!.uJl(
u I/.i

!8
1

m bethtxe crn C\ 9<2<:<91 "-'010(')) U" d1.1 e cl 0 lOh meg bi"'D C) blfEfiJl
I ~~ed'ho 1\

-t" As ltD€, ev e.oo] 0e eth uhrnesh) ~b cl~ (~~~Kh~\


&1) s1<2fD Pt9J€.--3 ~ tt';J e c.~'1 e ~ ch,aQ.lO i CCltP ~ bCQ}o ty E' d e~{2r j 0 re: 8 ide ~
;.;J
i Qb QOe too ~h (ff) Qne Qea9J 0 . ~
~ {j

~
I
'I
. .,. Th TQi Sea Vine (JoYn j oob €-"J e Jhe tla9I '1 WI "'?! ok" eto be d .-1
'I

I ~
l.o» </)) d h e lf e.0J} cloD fh C1'lJ en (\Jl hi ~ h "" th e ~ ".1,-<; =e. tTJCXJl e I
~
~
I udill be the ~o~'1 tie d wef.ored . I
f) .y Fh-tld P01~H:U91e h OLO)Ce,g dhe GieQ9J 70 r.9Jokde. II
.;) I No-he- 0'7" lJ {j . ~
:;) i ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ p~ ~ cgJL '!'4r~L~ll ':
,;;) 11I~~1?! ~n~Y~. ~"'~~ ~ 9::~~A~ I
~ 1 cr:;~e~e~~~~~~~~!:. t~ ~s~~~ bY:~ o:!~.1
\~
I
lH"e 0Iea'l}
A..-"-'-..A.-> JJ~ '- ~~;
~? ~~,~~ ttte~~!S..t1.':t ~~: II'
I:'
,~
I lk"tne mO'~OL,)),£ ~+
I i:1

II;.) I ~~ 'vJ ,-A-J~v'- A- 'LOGoe mo-l0t:11 0(0 a horoH ;loe d-iro placement Ii
I V I:
~~ II mo~o~ tt9hie-h d~dC)p((> dOG1que ru L1tQ CQLt1/x1.1 &f'obl- bIJ Ii
I II
~ I ®-tWWf f)~ dJl (x91e-sS:U9je L10 O-~+ on tthe C9Je dan1Jwo:~ tQcthe). U--Q~Ch!i
,;J 16C1cl e 10 and OLd 0b atolcu p!3/0Uid~d tJn a t,910t0l91 £5pO Y)<?d '1-0 d~J\I( Ii
~ Idne ~hQbt 0
~
Ii
.;)
II ss,~t~~~~ ~ + ,
-~
. BCl.2 i cc~JHtI 0- \JD-tJ e mcl031 cssrx» j r0ko (D b Ol C91 a1001 j
V C d II

.~
tQe:tneJ. r COJO) \9~}~~ 7 P0G11 plate lJ:JYf-h trdn~ cr:ihcQ.ped InleJ an Ii

! tnt.d t-€_:! /-x:JCQ1 tGd and c.et.R i D?/ 0

~ \ . The 0tDtOc.J1 hoo t71adJ(]J ei» / (j n QQhfCh ethe­


I,
'~
I'lCCl!f)Q.jI U'llil <SLId Q ~,., ~hd cno.d,
'-:j i
i ih e t'J1 01OC91 U(0 (0 I) lJec:f ed Lto V he ci.°1 j " Q.n
Ii
-""'\ J
-<~ Balaji.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru &3
.~
,.~

-,./
r ahcop t; -b~ it, cl dn" <1ha~b~f~G-~n~d~~l~fh~E'~S~n~n~e~tl~h~o~lr=~~~'1J~l..:t~h~e "'le'la eo! GL~ e
HYDIZAULlCS AND !JNI:::WvlAIICS
Ie
t:",

I belncO 6pUne '" ir C,


III ctQsembu.d Db d he 191otOCJ1 / 'lCCtnQ..,t . ~n d .s hab f (J:5)~ II· ~
-+ Th E

II plctc.ed L711coide d he c-am <.911 n~ eCCen~JiCC1Q£ ~ i: ~ 0

'I

~'~~.21J ~'r Ii e.
-",> !Lt II ~n Lth e. pcC'J) e.£ s t,l""} e Ctl9 I en .J ~1 <0 lth e m 0 fCL'71 d h rocJI-e1 ~
Lthe (lord (XJl91f) S+ ecdo on cJhe ,tLmQU p(9loJ c d ed (~1e.C( @b !: c
Lt-he tCCtIJC, d~UoQ..loJxu V:.'c9J(E ond hence Lf'ctr?/c/ue e ThJ(7) dOO1que jl c.
C31 0 d c:d<=-g '0 h e <310 r0t91 0 . II c­
"

-+ 8(() d he {5}f oj cdl <9l 0 fed ej!, bE ccu~se en b tthe CCCen1C9/ Jci/'d Jc
U b e ,-caD ej. d-CJd eft ~ 19jes UJ.:f j n9J dn mJ(9J e g u..~t (jJJ' ~
as,ea., rrxxn«
I
Ii ~
bOC91( E' crmd I-xuJCE tJ cx91q u e b

I C
I C
(\10') e ~ '7­
~"-"\.,./~A·t.l
C
'I~,- ~p~v ?l,-~ ~~~ .eL~ .~~2~~~~, L!~/,~_b
~~~~. ~~J~~ D,Sl~,!!?~. S-~~r~~.:_!" ~~~~ ~.~!-~/~ ~~j~' ~C?~~_ ~c!r:/C;; J2~
COp01 et1)<eYn ~ ~,~'~.j,~ C
.~.~~~ ~ Ie

~ as:?J FJ~~~:O:-9i~£L .~~ r~!~~)!~~: ~~~ Ii ~v


~~. ~b :~~<~~.ElL ~~~!_ - i c
~!.t~ b~J ~,~ ~jg~ L~_ +9~:)!;~, ~!9!~~~ ! C
Dt.9)om 191o,/ot9j ~ng'1eqd (f)b peJeJ(s,uDJI4!>e.d ~C.Ujd.
~"'--'-~ ....."--'~--........"_. o""-~_/__ ~ ~ lA...--'--l '...A....-'..... ~ u~,.'-~

'"

P 1(0'1 on ~I 0'1 OC9J(() ~+


1,1

~~ ~~~~~ I
7- P;(?J+oo and ~tirxJ<2-9'J 'J oq e.fh e31 evr:>Ue.°)kd t9}eef~~I!
I!ln~ maHan do l.9/o rCQ911} mo+,oo God '\Q.]ce. LC.Q./(~Q 0 II ri~
Ii . -+ g e£ -l vx...o..mple. bQ.9 n7J t9lcQ.iJ')$J oc..af Jo?Jpe.-cm ps LLo.h Chi! c

c.nn \f cd Ct> mE.dlC:tnic...~ e.r>~"1 ~d t-D h.~JQc...&J c. W e» Cf~ f!J Ii C

I! c.n~ I n e.,~ CQY./) e.5J e. ~ti e: Ii ~ IJCX91m I1J b ('J) e.--~9 7f !I c

II ~eJI<b!Q~ nQa..l e.DQ..JJ 1t7J t9 n"1 (J mechan ICo.-( eX) VJcrtg .guch C1fi II k:

L~_~~~C)~~ , cteGm £f) 'O~ n e,& etc.


Balaji.V, Lecturer in f\1cchanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru . &.~.
J ~
-;
,
5

~ -"-'r Th /(7) WrxEj)1 ((1 V CJr; 1/\1


HYlWAULICS AND PNEUMATICS

~·IS. jon COO eJJe':lC(j 11 naJ a Uo be ed)


lLSed 8 n b~rJd pOWeJJ LQJthE:.-"'1e. PC9)eJ,~lta;e enCJCO(} CJDn1aj ned an
,
~
Ii

,
il

,i;
Ii
et-he bltV d Lfr-o CJ0r>v~"t)ed un1ofd)~~h::cnjcnf (2J1e51C(t(j Su.ch a d .€ -CLQ]CE
UQ ca.u~ d p1ro1 0n fOlCJ1o\31(() 0
o

~ Ii -;- p!coro n rnotOCJ1({) ~c;)e n7}cl"YJ Ct t tl iC eJltlC?C\O/ m01C':-:/CO ~h€;J-e


l' ~
;:l II ~ L~hE. JX"31~~U91(' <2.. h C 1 c.o- 1j wn4df ned L?h cthe bLwd Jeo CDnLQE!.-'lied!i
~ Ii un')o dhe maHon illb the piro1on cod l1rr /wJ() (info 1910fO-"'1tj
II

~ II rnol;on C fO(~'lque) (Yhd hence ceu..Jed p;cofon 'm010(5Jl~"


Ii
II
ii)
Ii Pi((JIDn mokx'1/co 0..<:'')(' pC~IC)bctbuO L1he most ~bbJcj etJ-]
"-7

~ II mOtO tr) 8JmrQ"»)~d 80 Cfjea.9J moto<9] a()d{QCQn~ mO~Ot9J


I ... P
4

tW Y"'1 on m01[X)J (Q ~J e e.-f",f> ab Ie <Db 'if eoen C<1i neg h ktJ h"",I I
~ (1fJeeclt! and cfoC31Cjue
I
;) o

~ I -'> TheJ.€ 09)~ j>oQ't+ll!l(' d.i{/)plo.ce~n1 ~ motO(9JQ CIDc/


;) I d e.tJ Q.to p em mc..l1 IXl~ l.tD<.9ICJU~ CL~ LIlhe chJjv~ elhabt b~ aJJ. OlO?0CU' mJ J
'I pG1~.sCJ9je do a<;:, 01) p7(()1bD~
~
T'1,IP~ Co ~.>
<>

~ \ piiO·jon mO'!o(9lr"
1 ~~. 'V\V:I LA..--~.,.... \..J'--A...~.........

• .~ ~ ~~ ~.~t~ P~~J:2! YJ'~~'IJ~:'

:>

I I
;>
~~ ~!7! ~~ ,~~~~~~¥2.~ Cl~ ~~1~~;~/,1~~, i
i~
~ ?~et?~;::2 p~ <tt2S-'--91?~ ~~SS(j),--~1].J2lC!!e. i
~ ~~~.~~e;J;:P ~~~~~ti~~ jLl9l~~l~~~~~~~~ I
~ ~~~ ~~~E!'~~':5: E::~~~~~~.b~~~ ~'2.~~~!..t'Jt!. I

! ~~s~ D~' "


~ I!

~ I ~/ ~,~ ~ '~p~~_~ h,,~!l5L ~ il


~ .~ c~ ~~().~ ~ S~~.!'~~ I
;} I to t9lo m c/ mo-HonCDb the Sc.m~n pled e 8n1U9J n +OC9tCj;Ut"., Ii
I' >-'J'-,..- ~ '~ ~"-"-"- ~ ~ ~'-" ~,-~.~ II

~
~
I I

I
~
:)
.~

~ Balaji.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru

-:>

:J
'1;;n~:J::~:~~s 122:',:~~ ~{'(~y\CJ'~ce-~'£,€
~

CQ.nd ~,;lC{D ~'lQ:k ~-'r


<:I.../ .......J lJ.. . . ~ ­ . . . . . . . - :» ' - ..............

TT -'7 Th~0t.')J)"Hca.J UCXS1que- LN~ m}


\Jo ~ 'lC-D i UmU-6LlC- dJ cop laceJO)mi (rrf>(... ~\J )

P -7 pGJe..£'3 u-e:,E: lCPc)) .


P~ PDLOC?-j Cfn(UXHf.9

N -7 ~havl «pE<:-d C'O"p .g)


c.
~ r ~ ThwC9li +iCoJ blotD t91al e C tn~/$e(')
c
I o
The.oe)i +JCoJ UU3lq ue :1' c
~.~\ ....A ..'\..A .............~ ~

N- 10) •
c
C.

- 'V. D 'X P y. r\\ lL'JCLtl s


2t1

,i

PC-'1 0 bt~ :-1" c


~i~~l&ic ,,.,,010<"1 "",3 '\QD11~m"'k'J ie d)Gp!arcrn-x.+ c
J'!

I. "; hcLV 0 1;" 'flO

'Ib lil h(~r Ct ~)0. GIC'!-! nco !J~ Cjo baD) an d c4 + 1


0w m
I 6
19 E CJ c (0
c.E I c
ley!

C\ (9 of, y to-3. m?>/Sc.c L+hej'.1L9)QJi cet..!' U ~/_DtC LS~Cl'l E pctf'CJ [J I h~'nd


v 'Ih«. I!i
,I
c
d
mOl 0 6j
1 0

I, 6."ee
h
III ~<

\'; ~ ·the.oC9jl·koJ J-ocCfj Cl «e .


OlD~"l
!: ~"

11; Thot>0[1 fi (cd to


o o !I!
C"
~
. I1<9 W ~ ~
\\teD d.etJ
"-A>~'0. : ,.".
10M 010\31 6.P e E' cJ ; '7 C'
~~ ~~.
1'1

,j

'liD' g")(IOb,..-i' I c­
p, 10 \:aOJ z 1oXIO'" Nlm' "IICY I1!r' \f D " N . -3 I
G ' o . Gflo 3. "" Y.s . N ' ~\/D r::, 0 . Co 'f {
8;2;X10~e,
~ IIi C·
T I,!
C
-=I' 3. I ~ PE' .Lt 3CL~/J ":"'t:.J
I
ila Ia;;.v. Leci\; rer in h1 eohanieaI Dept., SS [C, Bengn I"'\I /'J = ~.
&6
C'.
~~============~I~'I)=/l) RA U LI CS A N U PN t::LJ 1\11 ATI CS

,i 0 To €.DGJ'iflcn
'-AJ-~~
1
...........,....- \,.,IV......,
l:toCSIq,Ue. .
A.-A..J \J'\...J o.....t'Vv"""
- Ii,

II

Tr : ~D·".f: b
«S2.;.CL6 )( =fDX1D
S
Ii
.'2 IT :2 IT'

rTTo ClVSbN;]
i
ni. Th eoel'H iccJ poWQ51 :~
I -vvvvvvvv.........-... ............... ,-.-V ~"\

I!
I. p ~ 2ft NT
~ :2..rr "I. :j,:sL-xQ/·3S
~
;;; f> : .: -4 201 LocrtJ ft

~ rP: .l{o2- li wJ
,;) H ud9j Q.ulic Klc '~OC91 pe.91 ~OGJr60JJCe ~ ··cr
~~~~ cA...lu~~ ~~~o....A/""""""'-
.;)
I + The pelF~ocE ~D cmCU h-tdchJcr.t&;c mD~D(9)
~
I depe.n::tJ, <m1 tine pC91e.dca'ioo ~ uka mG.0UUCtlJU9je. &,q} LOW ~Ltne
~
I mc{i o-kn::ma «2) t~ ~ etot "I=~ urd""l d dill n mpelo..llnc~ c"rrtllforJB .
~ i ~ m The Lt 0-1 e:J no.\ J ~t.a1J e b eJ ween dh e u I cd ~ Y)

~ une. "l..fLQ)llQfO)e:R~WC e...~b rdQnc..o ~b o. h~d91~.QJJUC tnD~OCJj


IlQillLc:.J <.9Ie.o\' u,'w o II
"""\
,....,J
~"? TI,E. bG1 fc:..f'io n bd to~ en mcd Jo~ PQ'1J/ co (1 duE' \..~ 0 \,

~ IbQvd JtL9jbt.do.rxe L91e.dlJC~ Ltne rO)e,dX~Jll<xJ '1b;c.l'~nu.d ©f; o ~cis)au~ic .


\~ mo-foc9l 0

:,:> -7 ClQ. G31 m040t31CO It-~rrc.aM~ hetllJle em (QJJ!eJa.tJ

.~ e-Obfd<snc~ ~ io to 15 o!~ ~ CDm~Qd L:tD ':f 5' -to I(?-S ~/~ b0t9J t.Qo1iJe
::J mo~COlf, ~ 8'5" to q sc/" bbt9! pi~iOf) mo~otJl~ 0

.~

~J

~;/ I~ ~,~~~, :Jill~~~~5j~~ >.


Th e. 'lQEl'umclc9l1c eb brd E'~ <C~ c~
~
I h~eb}C1LU.QiC mofo~ UlO dhe Un Vqse. ©fJ tJho.:1 bD~1 C\.tJt.HOlP f) Thfco ico
~~
.~
be~e 0-- rt.~fO) r dOQ£ 004 ~_G1o:::lU(E o..~ IT) ltch 043 blo to CQ.UJ 1'1
&houJd Ltbeot9/'ltimucn- ,Llcne..-,ect$ ct mo1DoJ wef, mO\.9j e bLOW !Joan ~f
~
6hoLctd dheol3'lif1(C!.U~ due vo \lert.~c..oLTr= 6 Thu£ toe ha. v e _
.~

.~
III . '7 v ~ ~heC'lsj'l'iiCCt-\ jf'w- t3Jc.de mo+l'X9) g h aUld LbI')S0:~ :: ~T i
~ " CS__(:fll("J blolD \9)C,-,r~ c.ofl~u.mE'd tx:d moJ 09J
QA il
"'~~~,~~~~<~~,c<_.=~"d
~ 8:11<111
. ' . '
V , Lecturer in Mechanical
c
De p t " SSEC,cnga
B 1uru 11. 1- .

:j

~
..
HYDRAULICS AND PNl:::UMAIICS ,
t:'..
\
r
II
~!
",
II,I c:~
('.
/i ..... "1

II
Ii
a" r:1~~2~t.~c;1 e1'2~~::::] ~<"
I[ The rn~~hGJ)~ca.1 eHld~r;c~ CD-b Ct,ILOjd91G-UXJC
I rno-focS1 u(() tJhe Ur>VQJ1Se lOb l~hcd btX51 a ptl!.mpo rhiro ko because
i due do bc>(fdioo, C~
II rump 19feqwC91~ Ct ~L9c:cd~oJ dOL91Cjue dhcm j~
6.h'0UJd dhe0C9{f·Hcall'd llilh~lC?C~ C\. mD~r>61 rC910dU0e.j", tle.2,j ltOt~I0tue
J-tnf', a~ l'ioowd Uhecx.9l'HJcGHlf" Th~, llJe haw' <2. c.
1m' flcltLO.l U=r9 LU ()k~; lD""e d h'ij moi o~ c.'
rhe-001;f/ccd toelCju.{ fhaf m ofot9J crhoc.t1et deQ:l\QQJ). I C

lfQ.h q e Tr ~ V D x .f I~

~
~n
. ~~.
T 1'. _ Cte:-f tto..! QJCttl ag e dJ f v<t'Je d ~
~'\.
"
I brJ mD~o~1 I
I"\i\.

TV C' o.J ($)


I ~
I'

3, ~,~~~~~~. ~,-b2~~~ ~'7" I

Th e 0 lH.5IQ~ e..bb rel QJ)~ <Db C~ tuo <11 cu..(Ji c mot ot5J
I c
~ ; OJ dhe p\:9lvdttd (D~ Une- uo~Um(~:k911c and 'dO)E'ctctnt:aj

tb ~ i UQ.J) ~ ~

b~ tQ)o}o~j.

+0 rnVtOt'7,

R ~J3]cuI.Jjc. mOiOL'1 hO-fl CJ dJC0placE:-fOXUlf '«1; lbL, xlo~6m2 anJ


(Q~)Q:7Q1QA Lc,7+h 0 P-S2J (l;V 'i-o bctqJtf (1} 6,reeJ~'~ ill D (Q)DOO "'rl-po-O)" '1b fhe_
I
L,_~o,. ,., "~'.""'""""'.' ".. . ~=~ ..... ~~" ..._ ..

Ba 13: i v. Ii< 'U 1'(1' i i; \'1c~~h8!1 :c8i [)el')l . 1­ .,


SSEC Be'll pa'I"~"=""""
~.... , • ,"-) LI._I
'5
HYl)I~AULl~:S AND PNLUMATICS
:):
r ==~,~~~=====~=~ o~=='~"==~=--_·~=~

II (1cJU-Ct! bl'Ou..; 8ia.:fE' LCl/cJcc.mE'd txv dnE' rno-f o l9'1 L!ro [)",Oo6 fO;3/s. ec i
~ r ' , b
Q~dddf: Cl \~}C'L-:JtCllL e dd'/ U QCICci
I
Ii Tf d hcorY)f'-! Ol"l ] tu 1:-/ e, i\J' TO) \

~ 'J
I i)'tin . IQ.
~
1CP-UDJ
~ \! II
Ii
~, II 1;'., T
:1 ~ {'D
.~
il
Ii
tt~,
~:....
('i [;
.
::5
"J
I'I

[, Ad ' .

ua.! J)ClC:~'J CIeee) dd~llCCled bc;.1


J
I
~. , @P:~ ~ I VC-f) d cdC1 ;-r
I ~ ~-..J-.>~~

.;, ! '1ID~lb4XID--(,m3.
~
p ~. ~D ba91: o:=fa X IDs N/mz­

~
tV ~ &'GOb 1'pm
Qf-) ~ 0 -06 G m'J,bec.
~
Tf) ::.l,::/oN-(().
3
J> 1) 62I "f.. LbO
, l v -, Q f\-
;)
:. 5 . 4 6 )< I ~3"I- 100
:3 0,006
,j
'11 v ~ D' q I I ) y. lOO
.:>
~, Q1ollj]
~
:>

-b S
-3 lbH'X[O ,x(':Jb'XlD
.2n
~
:J
;J enLm ~
~
L::J 0 '{. LO 0
\82 'f
~

':J ~~~ ~~~~~~1J0.:-7


~ 1[0 ~ tL v y, ~ m
~
II
l~lIo~ ~4,o=1:r~/~1
~~
.~ !
L

J Balaji.v, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru

:)

:;J
HYDIZAUUCS AND IJNI:.UiVll\ IICS
--'--,
Ii

11£. ~~ ~~~2-~~~!3t ~~+~:'* !

p:: 61.tiNTA.
'- 2-D >< ~OO() >C l':f 0
60
"Z.: 35604 tr::CU.f ~
J: p~ 65 6 0
~WJ.
A h ~ d5 J08;10--1 i'c
r 0s)C,-tiCO)O)) c-o co Ion ) C0p 51 cd Jf/Cj
c
hc£& d hE: bO LUOlOI ned cJ)(.:t9JCtJ:}(,~'1 fG-tlC$ ;-T
c.
PumP IiII rX1 OiOLOj Ii
i
\[D~ \5-';-)(10- 6 m31 'liD"'- 'f. II

' Lv : ~~ etc I OLv: Q2°/c I


'lm ~ gD <'/0
I
11\1" 5 00 '~l:)m N : J-fOO 'opiO) [: e
:1

i-----------!-l.-- I d
FlnJ dh e @) D !COr lctCe.rox::.Dr IDDT he. mo-t <X71
'-_.l

­
i e
@ f'Ct 01091 illQt:l !Jtxt+uCJI que. . c:
~~1. c
@) ~~~~~~i,~ ~ ~o~~~-L\lD). c
~1 ~~~ ~'? (i;l, (mo-loc*O :If f) Cf6I O+O<
'U ')( J\.} ClnoioO}) c.
'.;
Tl I - (i) T Cttl01 001)
'LV (m010lTJ) - _. _ c
(Q f) C. mo tOlJ)) I
c
lS'ld b001 h.~clClI~kd tc dCS'lCtOcoml£Ocolon
~
J

TLv Crurn~:- ~l/rump) {;"

<2, l pL.unr)
C"" --7

c
C
lihCpumlJ) ~ \lDC/X.tmp) y. Ncpump)
? %2 Y- IOb y 500

. ~I tpu.mpJ ~ o 0 1-1 I ~/mln


0

I"
:: 6"83"1- 10
~ 3
/s
m ec· I'
I'.

i
i:
L

30
:5 /)0, 1[ v (P(HOlp): Q~ (pl~lQ)p)
~ tt r Cpu,mp') ,
.~
o.. 8 {X:: Q A LP~l rnp)
'..,
6 ' ~ 3 /C 1 D lj,
.~

~
.
~A Cpu.-mp') ~ 6 .\S3/Ci6~.l< V·~2 .
,:J ". ~ L, .3 ]

..~
j G'A (peJrnp): IS" Go "f, to 10> 1&ec, :.

~
o ~ -n Qr (mo~o()1)
. Lv CInO~OO1) :
~ GACrnDiooU
iJ 8 -q 2.- :: @rcmo-toC)J)
~
B ·GC'X16Y
~ G..TCJnofooO: 5' 6 D X t D 4 II 0 • q2
&

~
~
l:e T (tnotoOJ)' 5· 15 t I D"t ..,:;tJ
(lr c..mo1oo0 :: '\.0 0 cmo+ Ol91) X ~I cTO ofotJJ)
~
5 15 1- l 0- tt:: \f DC mo4ocJ)];>( LtC) b
~
0

60
~
,,~

I~

,;) 1&.-1,\;1-'1 ~
I
;J
:)
I
!I
II
T~

II
1I

,~~
Ii,I
~
Ii
II
~ Ii
II
I,
3 II
II
I,
,J il

:~
8
I~ l.c>'J CJ..K<: po toQ31 d Q..1.fVtJ)(d
IiII I
:'j) ~ b1j mofolJ1 :: (2q2D) (11 v) c"ZlOJ)
'~) BEllaII.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru .
HYDIZAULlCS AND IJNl::UMAIICS
====~~==~=~==~====== ----,
! 3, q20 X 0 ,q 2 X 0 ,cr 'i
I

~ :3, 2~ s .1 Weill f, ,

p 2 2-t.l s~:t
2. rr C40o/eo)
e
~

c.
II
e. .
. 1 ~,

c'
c.
c.
c
c
c
~

c:
c
t,; I

<:;'
c;
CJ
3
~

W
~

\i
;;a
UNIT - 5
~
~ MAINTANANCE OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
~

:3
>,

:::)
:~

;~

=:I
~
:;,
:3
..~

._~

..:)

"'3
.~

~"3

"''':!'t

','

-~
--J

,-J
.l .l .l L / I '\, ~ I. ....... L.J I '--' "-J • L' '''_ .. • .............. , • •• a _ £

UnH -5

'-H'L~A~~~
8l~~ ~Sl<~ ~c<S1,j~ J.on~.
~~.~~...-
• dOJtubl. b0/ee <Ii O'lPice n'£eM
, do be lna.l0t GU ned c/ 1me ti~
d i me L:laP n9 o.tl PO/e i II me(lL8lJJl',Ol C"'k~ notlt~
do I{)ee <thOl O-tl cine ekmenlQ1 ()lnd wll(OtlmQb < dharl '0 dolo the
1 0

I ¥Ierrl G'}e 0b hi~h q,tJlnN.f<t, hj~h 'U C9Iode ()l"d 0b C<>L91GI"d .


6/>d'bkLd ion eJc. 6ll o < ch~cisl~uVic c;'~.s:-I.", ()l~" needft do be.­
~~()ed PC910Pe:JJ~ ~ot91. Stco- 6cd t~ D~QJ~I~ ee.9l tn.jc:e o,n~)de-e. .
"The dlbb"'l~n-l el~men·h clha~ ~9 e tued ,}iffL~d9i()lC'~'C
S'.~s.\em Jndud~~""
o . +r ~ cl~l cuJ..r.i c Q1l ~ .
b. 1? eJ.~-lp

e.. ~ Q.S e7)tQ(\l\9j

d . Fi \101 ~ ctt1 d t1~ ~cit n <0J

-€ oo -\los ell , f'reJ: O-fld pipe..- )oloio &\.e.

11>< paoblem~ Ot!!o~a:led U'Jlth ~d~Jeu~~c &ifskm crp"",f


~ .~ "ch n 1cal ncr!~ • 0lfJ d CD'" rm n~ <'-f)<O(') {Jl{)\ "'I ed ()."I e :-t
~ DEl,o m u
C1 0 ~ lotro-bod.H ~ <tJt dhe (Qll
~
b. ~e.Cl~·~1Je.. .
~
.

c . c.onk~.mi()a{Jlon.
:;;J
d. "0('~dequ-o..'e ~nd umpsmp~1 8.tQ.
pDUU Db o~1 .
~
e. bu<:-ss.ive \:k m r e.."zcl u.9) e Qb dhe. Q~I
.;> f. E'Xt e2,$'l\l'e 17<91 e,3SU9( 12-.
:;;) ~. 'In no 1;fl'ij '1 ui<91 dJ.\" ti~ cDvose Je~ nJ ~
Otb ell" Ct'JI e 10laJ n ~ due d D
• "1 0 " -I:b une pOi D b ler61 • WS -I <d
.~

I tJ,,~U'ilenc<".1 u m~IOp~1 S de-Lhon Otnd poo191 m& o-leOCUlce Vb the


.~

~ I tJie.me.ri)," USed do Jhe rna dS'lcu.d 1c ~S:fe.~5 ..


'~

~
hIS
9~ ~IOrel
j< •
Q?cle.dio()l-@U·~b ~ ~~ eCl9J €­ , rlQJ)oec!
'-:> I l~ le.·UWf{9~ maln~Q.f)a.fX'r.! rC9tOq01~m£ 00
I e ttf) ""fate I). ~ h e l'I.00'le
d
.~ s, laii V Lee Lurer in Meeh, niea IOcr! '" 5S EC sJlenga
< . Iuru
.:;)

.;J

II -Pt910 bte.f6)~ e.OJ.11 be e.Qrm~ncded 0

·t1ucb)G.t&i c ((::"ll:+
AJo-{F ~v '''';__'\...1-'
Th€- moJot'lJ txs'10 ble-tn,e (<:tboo3 50 o/~) QJ~oc'/G1ed Q'),-th
h1Jcbl~ldjc dtd£1em (XC\/€ d'l..H do 19"" • 4knc<=- q?Q~eclIOI/ Qb dhe m11 b~
clhe h~cbla.liQk ,&~~'ktol Jeq ~b p~ICYrne ump0t9J1 Ct o::'e ~ t:-1u.1d me.dtc.un
~Gn be e1the9j etit91 @l (Qll @ a C~mbino..tion 0b born.,
~~;v~~~, ~ b~~~j E:~ ~~~~~ ~~ c:
a. An Qli\91 <lc~~{em u(Q 19IJ2.tommeo,ded'
0 D0 (9' ~CQI~ medrtQlT)
Db p<9/ e.£gU1e crJ.od mb'Jlon 01
CLmoco.o1 dnl? Qc~I'ucdCX91.
c
~
b" ~omb1notiDn lr2fJ CQ-\t9I Olnd mjl Jco ~~ 19je!vmmQ.nde.d
ltQhen ~t9jeJ:~·h~91 ptS1~cigion ~od CQ(lOU91(~Jltt <Db ·moflon ~b '"'
..

(,;.:
OL~~ttCl~0t.9j LtQ) d es 119I e.d·
c. An (911 h\fOOIQQ.lO Ie <S1js;etOl 1.10 P<91 e.p-e..-L9Jed u.oheo 9<9I€o.:Je..-ClJ ~~

r~esS(J9Ie Qlf)d eocJlCteme.UU r(9l€ d Se an d QCttt1Ct1e 13!o+ion C- '1"'


i~ dQSll9Ied .. c~
d. kr0l9lC~rx:o entQKS10 I')m~nt c.~~~(J un blltence dne- t:1<:Qpe <Db C~
~'.I

Q~$4Qm 80 be Sxleded. I C:'


C'
~~~ ~ ~ b~~ ~.~ C~
The h.tJ ebJ &;tQ feD l.tU d UJ ed ha~ b0 o.9J ~1 im o» lJ
~."
bund-long; ~ Thad role ~.,. .,.

o- POto~ f0lo.nsml~lon
<;:

b. l'Ld:X9)fCa.!lo() 4;.:
~;
Co <e ~a-C 1YlC(t .
d o ccotlY1 1f. c:
c:
\;/
l=1'ttld a~ o, pOWE9J lk'wan5 m~(OcoJDn
~dlurn 101U!~ Vtow Ot.9)eetv tf17lS1tXUOh Lthe beND LQj nefl an d
Componeot r(tss~e~ • TOO 'lnuch ~.~ \91e5li(Qk'-f)c~ uo bLDUJ\9IQ2tH~~
j' n J0roro ~ t)OCOe.'l. The btu~ ~ ehou.td 0.~~ 0 be ~ 9n(.aJTO)pl'31~- I
(;;1
ssi ble M (>0(0 CO) ble "
Ci
Balaii.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept " SSEC,Be
n ga Iuru
0& <:'
in etdcli--jjon do e~bjdeo1 d(9J~n~mko(();on Cit POU)E'91.,
cttJe blbtid mus-I QQ~o be Clble- do dttbt91icc':fe ur)'}o')ooJ OOmpO~dJ1,&
Sttch OL' pump ejle1D/2D1CQ Ctod m:f-h VI u-i e-uCYJ1'fX(j pa~'I(Q i3f1dirxv
~a.i¥lS.~ e-CtdJ to-the9) b(j mo)nkt)nifJ<j} o. dhrn biinn.
~el c
c- cS ecu' i OQl ~-+
~JJ.J'.-7~
9n mO-ocV SnS4o.f)CE~ otutd \.T(O dhe <eE'of ~('Qln~-l
p;»~sslt"}e J'n~ide a h~d~CH1~jC CDrnponE?nko· ()"t In dhe CCtile
{)b 6Qietinco <3Pool lQ(\~lH~·
"-ect~~e t9Jcde ~p d~ (1211 UCO- dE.:'e~m)fX>d
. b<j dhe ma.ichi"'ij (1.LCU9J~H~ lOb l~he =mponeo1o Cl'nd lQioc""'ll~
[)D dht oil e
d"coo~~+
-~ bttll,d a~ouJd 'O"LOe ut' tfhe heat ~bS09lbro. .1
The
UhoJ h~B been ~en"-"1o:\ed do u~"- ~s~e.m Lth<9l 0"'Oh dhe
bt w d
&]nu and troQ~~ ®b doe <91e£e7l'(oIL9j f)

1) e2,~ctblQ e~11';::~ ~\~ ~. ~-+


"'vAJ~ .~~
VV'- # LJ ,,__

The DO-lIOW~YX(J C\9le clne tllfl-'1}10llR d Q£it9/robte


pt:710p~"'l]+;~JI <Db btuJd ~ + ..

I" G10cd Lc-tbt9Jicl"~'

s. &.-f~~e tt~co(f)s(H~ c.OO-<:>1~de'Jl$J)et1.

2>. ekd::l e e.h~mica.~ c11 ~()d P'1J~ ccd (~

Jt. d~s{e.m e~mpcdi6IlH~.

5. G,oed hea_~ dicocoi pcrlion .

6~ +H~ h BUQ ~ m~:h~htP .

';{. A<-'1<9 LlO-1e IOCD iem beJ}crltt'~e fnor vrHet .

~. ~leuh pdln~'

q. lotO FOOl.nflnca dendenon·


I 0 ~ Fit9} e t9f es llU10n l .

1\. q::>C3Je\lent .gLU~ p0l.91 J01 cd-ion .

I&>. low ~n 1Qo1cd iLH ~.

-
'Balaji.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC,enga
B Iuru
03
HYDRAULICS AND PNLUMATICS ~ "'l1lI

13" ~Dod p~u1)Si bilH~.

/4• 1..,0 (0 co ,. e.b bid e nl lOb C'.Rf:x:r. ns lo n '

i 5. J..-O It'"' C~E'd ~ f c ~\9)G~QJ/~.


c
l60 Non - to~jc ~a~co do /'x~ndJe and ettoo.ilGble,

I. ~~~_~ ~~l.~::~~_~ ~-T-


-+'< The cO(O)p'nen"ko un a h~~"l QtlPic s1Js~Em c~rrJCt;n
9'O)an~ 3lt~)Dac.~f" (J.Qhich C'CPJe So d!.vse ctlnla d Gnd
(lOhiCh 10l otse dn \91 Q.ra-f ion do eo C'{!) 01 n~9) e

~ 1he ¥"'J CUI.V ic btl.tid mlt.~4 d3epCR..Cllcde 0Lnd


lQld::~.91iccde @.tch &H~llftc -€ I> •

" fX9101 ediof1 a..co a}n{;~ lOeCt~ J(O (), ~'7t/ci poJ
e,e(]jon b0(91 3~edjn<o Ct D tuid ho.-u 1n CfJ '(f(9~d
JLlbC9/fca..:-I inf) c.hO--"lJa.-de9]is+)C-P ~,.' o ~ch/qu..Hc.·
medium.

& 0 ~~ ~v~E::?~~ ~=c~J';;~~~ ~ .7>

f ll.Cil7Jc.t'lcoI'!TJ Jeo 0. 'lQ e51\j 0.JO) p0t91~al)1 bCt-tJd


p~lor~4 ~ btqlDm <the pOI n~ 0p 'LQ;ettJ 6) b a c.~Ctcd
tQ-~e .. ~~J

~ t.Qio(~tkj ma~ be (e'lns'lcle91~d EQ€ It-n~


c9l tli ~k'tnce C{J dh€ . btujd do bCt"'Lt) ® eQ£ ci

m~],u.."1e ~o l..~n~~loO-l. btS1idiono C


~ W (i) (§)(Qi ~~ (JLQ'(I ~ lQ9j til ~ eJOJi> e-"l1cdu9j e an::1 P<9le.&,SWI ( 1 ~

* f-ltiictl ha.u"inca Jo..9f~e C~O{)~e..B 0p \Qiro (ry91 ~~

U9i~h ve.~re--'P..JU9Ie ct91 e CDmmon~ tQe.v~"l'Jed CL~


tiOLD Lif a lOCO'H ~ UnclQJl bLLu dII: .

~ t= lu'i d G7J h (H'_!~ (J 6~.Q~ c.hct0<o es 9J tQ.;eo czve i ~ 11


LOifh Jemr~~u9je OO/~ PiolDO CQfd hj~h ~(()(D5i{~ c
ondQJf\ btwd" C

s. ~c.~J,,: ~~iS-~~~ ~9 ~~r::!'~~~ ~!c;;- C

Huid ch~l cu& ~ i&.fic.$ shocud ~I t:.rro.1 n utx:J0rKjJe. cl


t .. dU'Jj i n~ Q.tn ~~~d~. tQ.s evu.J LQj be cw d d tt9ti n ~ &ol9lC4 e"
Balaji.V, Lecturer 111 Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru
i'- ,

I~
I~
I
I~
.
r~-~ -~~~ ~~:!P]Jl=I~~:'7-- -~~~~==~
HYl)I~AUL!C:S M·m IJNI:::urvlXIICS
_~O_~ -~~l
11 ·Fc'1)tltn l~he d~2ic6n poInt <Ob UiJetO, (J~ u/s
I
I~
I
:! ~~cled \:H-a.-' line h1f~CltuHc +..tt.~jd dlou,vd be. Uhe5}-j LID tth02.e
i~ l. V a

I linnk~lla.lfl Ujed' un @ hw-9) uhe. ~d~a.-lt]~c ee,u,tpmef)1. ii"


I~
Ii 05 ~ ood heed d1 (Ow) ~JcrfJ 0 D ~ .~ Ii
I13)
0

1\ ~~....". ·-v'-./'....-"'-'V. .'\....A.J ...I\...rv.0'\..- -..........:J ............. ' - , ­

~ H n 0, mpol9rhn J bt eq to.)C9(emWt <Db d-h e Ii


I~
I! btu id UtO UD ~()J(,)1Cd heed 02~.fUI_Qd bL910m uhe lOex9J lC1"h13 pCQ.9rls. •
"Ii
I!

I~

il
~ . I!
Ii 1P(9)~tLCJj (' ci<JIOp..s' rne.c.P1~f);CG~ bC311dion blLtx.:l bel ic}i~n J eCfiJCO?'O€)z it

I~

1 I I ,
II,I

~ etU 9fDe3Ja:}e hea~ .. The btu1d mw1 CJ2~G1~ ef he ~ene9J Otk.d hEJ"-~ II,I
:1

!i1 i nuoaoa ~rxl 191ead.iUo d.iCbC{)if:;::de Lt·j 00 dhe cVmosphe9f( @ CDb(e3l~ • ~,


I.

~ [' The5J€.POl9 j e. hi<vh Jn~fOX).P e.-c>ndud1r(QH~ Clod hiCVh d-~e.-o1bic. he-oj

;> I tQOth.leJ.I QC\}e.. cle.s/ts)Chb[e l1n efne bluJd C-~DDsen 0

~ ,o6~ '~~~~ ~~ ~~~~ ~'7"


~
I 9 n COQOQ3JoJ eel) I Jco dCQJOLf) aL~ 9hc.vm~~J1S)b~!~

~
tfo Cf)e. Vt91 , ~ n IX91(l die e O1.~U maJ~9j ioJ.,e c~, e wm ~ e..gs,J bl e & 6n the
I (OJ I i
,! GJ-soo 'The bun" mcx:luJaJl u(Q a m~CJL2,U3Ie:: (b~ 0he. d9 t9lee <bb II
~

~
ICN"!:J<9l es' i bi liJ ~ 0b U he btui d Cl!nd utili he '1 eJ'j P!9JbCaJ (Db CDIn po.-I
I e2>si b7Li~~ . The hjCVh~ unf. bw h lOJCX1 uJu..,e \.the U{2S:e3j u-bc: II
3
ffio:!olioJ It')1/1 be C0mrt9J~sed w'Hh '1 OCJr<?0-21 nco fx9tef,ju'] (' " I
~
~.
D'fo 2~~t~J: ~- ~~"':P~~e p~,~,!I~;' . I
Thi~ UCO CUI u mpCX9l~~f)~ wncold e3J cd Ion I'

j
b~(3/ hc.Oeb.1OLH~;c &dS1emJl QQhich 1O)LQ,2,t (J)p~9Ja..1e un (QuidoOOl1=J f'n IDw
~
Idffi1r<C'ICl~lO.1e enw ~Nm,-"~i 8 @ Cd hi'iJ'h <:<eH llU~ep. "" ~em~a-h'le I
~ I polo~+iQJ ro>Q~ be d~CI1I bed bto Lthe POL~~ poInt @J lQ}~O)co/~ II

:;> I ~f6)~l~~~le eJxq~Q.~~~ ilS-llC$ (Dp lthe bu.tJd e !I

.;) 08 ~ j:~lcu h pOln-t ~.~ ~


! 'JVvv~ oAJ~-" 'The blru, hpo1 n + QU h~ d.91~Hti CQi I uco d~p r ne d
C ~ 'I
~
I doe Jemr~'1f cltkt~ e CQ.J t.ldllCh bl~ heJ, u,')! U be ?J en €3ICt1ed when
~

:)
II ~he «2'\1 J(() b:9)0lllQh·t (ln~D wn-tCLd Wlf-h O'2n1j hea3ed maJ-Je,) vv i
i

~.
! ~ hen_fed &·Hdl" The bi \YJ <2 PoI()~ lico C.Q.d~o.U-~d lJ-he ICVtl/t-Jon pOI nf !i
I:

L~~
'i

3 the «211. Ii
)i
I,

Balaji.V, LectLlI'c~ri~n~M~ec~ha=n~ica~1~De=p"-t.,~S~SE~C::==",~Be=ng=a~ILI-ru~~~ _. ====----'-~----'-====,,~-'=--=.=----=-_~I

~ '0.5

:l
~
r-'~~~~~=~~ ._. . ._-- "=' ~~~~~=====~H~Y~l)~R~A
U=L1CS AN U I)N LLJ :\1 All cs
i.:.
i,1
'.')q" LOl(~ r:.octrnin9j.,. Terx/enc.e.d' ~>7'
V.J ~ ....... \.,; \~ \....A...- ......'--'" .1 '\....J""':- ~~_ '..._....: ·~"....-Jr
"~l
I
.c. I

!i

i A ,,-~iqwd h~~ Cl p()10re.:J)f~ d·o c.t.b£OOJb a. i C


Ii pO L9dion (D~ Cif(Q.f3 @ CQ.;l9J lt9'Hh whIch lIt (Q)lO)eJJ 9n (Q)nk~c~ " C'
I,
Ii Th(? o.lb'1 Ui ~ (Dp 0. blfl1d d 0 L0I de esse 0J1L9} @)
!i <Q.~he."l ~~3e£ Ll0r\hocd ~he btx9l~il roo Or boa~ t90 an qm~x)(9dCT2n1 e-
Ii CI->Ot"j cccl<C"llefi~ [)b C\ h1fclt9 Cl1ul ic b(Q, ld 0 Ii e-
Ii ~'X.(ess·IVe boamerrxv 19je-su..Q1co 10 LQD~~ <Db bLH1d ,,11 c
, .2, II

I ~ 10" ~e ~~~~L~~L~'7 II

Ii Fit9j€ t9l eji~fa.n·l ua (Poe o~ dhe pV 10 b e5TJ+; eJ II

II IthaJ U~ roptior=! lin (1 ~ood WCl!ble h~"la.t&K btu id 0 /h" I'

II e.ommon~ tUed tudd.9J~UQJ( Uqulett CQ.91e pdC9/olwm de91iLOd.~jLOeJ1)


II

a.nd tv n~ equctJ1 UV I.::! h~ bu"J n tQJ ~o ... <5l ot!t~ bnce Llhe,o f:'ctis til e.
I I
I bl($1e 1001'>1 K:>\91 ~~I~ leal 011> pUad ron c, QCJ+I i ci oJ @J ®J"'i hd,. c
0 b I
h~d"1 (lit Q) C btttd~ Ol"f e u sed tool\ i ch hCll1.o e hi h ~ hi 19j e C5:1 es i~jGmc e o I
II c- Fb1e. \/ ent Ru~t fa ~ met! l' ~ ~:7 ~
~~~ ~.~ 1<'1;;;;C:;e~m~ bep<9lO$e.n1 do /lm1e a1enJ ~n I
~d9)()llr.c ~S'\ems. l1oi61U9j' Qnd =e .I9I Wltl'lJ cop il9jon ~w !X"'\~ I
~f1 dhe G~Os~QJO). Pru.s~ rO""Hid~ (em c.cu..tf.:,e. CU>l'3JCQ3j~f lOeD9/ o~ ~£1em Ii C
ComjeDOt'O'I ~ ond QUO Cl-U OOJ ('Ok'l'dSt +0 6nc~'0Jl e dhe <910:1< 9J 01tl doJ ron I ~~
I 0t
fhe b~ud ~u.ud,c LOfh 19Ittst LtnhlbT1001~ hetp d-o iO>lol'm",Se \9IW~
b Ii
C i

II DO~ mojron (In dhe ~.S~m)~ Ii


4; "
I 101. ~:;l!~ .:E:?l?'.!!~ ~.~ I C~

,I The blu1d @ot.ud hCHH' a tQtJ\c.d i Li·I1f '"~ t10lt.J 11


I J.oLO ~Olq ~~3.u..9(' ~ h1CUh bo9unca pohH cm"1CQ.-dQjj(S+Jc <, Ii

i;3~ ~~ D~~~~~U2{) ~~ . .
I "'1oieJl~e (@. Locd~1 ma.~O <mrl~l 0. ~d9IQU.tic
~~e.m dh\9!DWfjh c.on1()xnino:l fon @) c..onclc.ns.cdl on ~ 'lhi({) loo.:J VJ 40lGtJ
. ~~he7J cliaJcoo\\XQ U'O dheDG-~Jd @ Oot}/JO) Utoo lt~61e,o DiBsol~ed If
(o(tk)J~o..lJ pGlocluce CClL"010{iJOO, qc:sHnco @ 6 i udge un dhe blt.ud o II
c'
Fl'Wd.~ t1.)i+h ~rntl9.~lb;t.'r)~ eQU1~ ()~oJ\e "uhe 100::k~1 b'fom H~ Ii
C'
lO61<J.l n .bocho 0 I c:.
l3ala]1. v, LeCllll"er in 'f\1ecllanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru .. '~~~~~'=~~~~'"==·~o~'
3 H Y L)RA U LI CS AN [) PN 1~:U M!\TICS
',-­ -~_._-~--
~~=~~~~ .. -'-. ..... -'1
3 Ii!! U~G .
lDw CQ)-eJl.hide.nJ
i\.A.A..J~"'-"'JV :JL.U . ..J"..;r~ .~.b ~'f~,iAC?~
~
-.-....... ~ ~'7-
_ _ ....., ___
\i
Ii

;:,
~OLD w-e..vbfc1w1 ©~ ~o.psTon UiO te3t~QU~
I!
i R
~ id ctil9lCtbIe Sn C\ h'ldsiCllQili C blur
duo mi nlmise Ltne d01m 1!L('){W>Je
II
Ii
II
I'

~
Illb
II
t:l he C3-'(/ s~em 19ie q ~i l"J ed ru d he rn ~e",oJ i "'iJ '" <Wnpe91 alu9Je_
Ii .

~
i
113
, ~~:S ~::~J!5, Cl::,:~l~~YIU ~'r
;:, I .
\1 Bpe-c1 b ~&l(JLQJL~~~ COb b(Q-t'jd
.
iC uco COp ~mFoL9Jkn.nce

~
I!ltinltj 8n dhase_ CfJLSe). u,af!e9je dhe OtDe,ou gcr;~1C:Jo) loci~hi UlW-i be

I C3./Jed pie LOei~hl mea" e mOt")e toei'5'hl


~
"'''-101 do o m1n1mu ro, t[i'(jh
t o blui d. tkcw~ bwj cl$
~
I bOO! C\ llJlW
WJ lu roe V '-= aU 0 ('HUS e
I pump CXillAh1ion omd maQb"ne:tion. 1hiCi> Cl!lped S/O Jmj:Joo1hnJ
I espec.icw ~ dn tlhe cUl$lc..abt andU$~t9I'd'
f1 ~,~'~~1 ~~ .~~~~ ~ ~~~~~-r
16

II rh Ue c.hQ~~j.s +J CJ, 191 e6<.9J cf 0


• cl he t1 nJ<5j a.ct-i0 n
lab \:ihe Uuid with peDr le who \.9fepGJl9j ,hOtIXlfe. We @J /Ja.ld bOY the:
I h'rJQ~"-lcQic t\ll.s~Qm @ h'd~<>uQic btui d • IDbWDW.t.a • S~ U/O d01hOHe:
d fn:j \:l he blUI d be C11! 11J "'Pie (I){l <:J 0 h cmd re e, Oi.t O!.l9cci IQ b re q en ear I
i ~ PoQcoibte o Ii
~
(~~!~ ~ ~~1~~~ b,~~ ~'r
~
~
I Tn Q (pLt! 001"Cj Cl9I e uhe du bbe9) €nJ cl't( ret! ((l b h.<o et'1 ou.o!ic
I b~ud tued dn h~d9)a.W if- 61&lem :~
..,;>

I .. Pe..~t1lDJo.lm bctSed bltLid£ . I

:~

(2" F il9Je . 19j e.g/ s-lao-f bltt~ d,;'. II

,:)

00 LUoJe3l- ~~LDr eolldfob,€ . !

Ii
~
b. kJa1~1-~ (911 eJ~)('Llsiohp I.
.:)

-~
Co &fC3rcU~ht &0001 hdk~ . Ii

I
.~
d., ot-UC(1 h - wc:dC51 000-1 en ~

~
I
I
I

3 1Pe.~ dabte... o11,t:;


0
iII

-~
i
i
~

I
I
l I
I

~ Ii

.~
L .
Balaj i. v, Lecturer in Meehanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru
r==-- _. HYDIZ;\ULlCS f\ND IJNI:Ur-dAIICS e
--_. - <~~~~='~"o='== ~~~

I. Ic PQjl~-;I C !QtrYJ - ~S~~ b~~I~! ~-+- L ..

I ~ ~""~The ~ (uid
I:

hd \510 1m m- based B @ ml rJe3pJ (lJJ'" CQ9J e dh e : c


l ,- V ~
c
I mosj commonlRrJ wed h.~Cll&ic ~tRidB, i ('

I -'> 15Miccut ~ d he-"d fxx;""-~ mo (1) j <Dp L1.n e des 1\91(JIbl e CPCJ19i Cl1 cl ~ -I c
IJ"di ss , et he.~ e e i ~ bl e
00j 0'2 CQ.Q.Qcci [CQ. ~ €'W no iTlKXtl o Ii c

I -+ ThQ.'(j mbpOj Llhe be!!.! lhfX9jicnl9on _Cl.bi(j j ll ' demj W l9t3iO IJ! c: g iO

Ijx."JO b lemF &Cl3J e ~ tn red; bk tOT th mosj EeaJ I'Ilcd e'JI i oJ,. I r­

I . . 1he ~ m01jo OJ d1",C'd anima e <Db J h es bluic:L "'-91 I ,~


IllrJ lQ e Qi!IJ<O e

il tl b e.i 191 b1alT)Tm-b1li j ~ • Ii ~


I Tnt\! fx>",e ~i\9le haq;s09Jd.p, Jndin~ bt91 0 rn Llhe de.cUcGi()e1!, II ~
-'>

do hiCO h l:kmpo1a:h.~e ~r)(il()jon~f)1G> W~e <s-kcl undwiC911j ~d"ne e, ~ I

II C,
80 co II
M~ oe?Jetr CQilco Qcry<: ~()od bO~ (Ofx~51aJln1J
0

-r d<:mPe91CtIU3Je.£ C.
LOn,,")" j j 1jh1et tPpHm u m (J be.
0

below '50 ( . I c
A~ hiC(f h~9j d eF6)Pe3J aJ u~e.ft ethC? (0-1/ til-DOg e d hefll9J
-+ t i ~
chemi caJ «./a.b i U j ~ Olnd DC<.cltn o dd, . tQ Q.~ n is b'fll €lj (;rltdlJ ell • i ~
All clhe,g(' deCid do <.JDE (00 LQ.~tbt9jico.l foo CJ)(~'-IO-Q..feOJIs.+i~ II C
-?

~Q DoeC1~e LQ.9c.G.S) au") d u~Q3j


.J!
lCK.J\J)OSlon ~ ~e.krfed pC11Dble/O)~ _
. , [.
I I C
(9. FiGJ e \.91 e.2 \.s·la.n·f bill! d.J6 ~:7' t;,
~ ~'vV~" ~ "'-"-> ·",Vv· Ii

G. ~':':~ ~~ ~~.~~~~ ;+ I~
Thico d1Jpe C'..vt')coiccncu mv a-c1ucQj &dcdlon <Db
~ Jiooro
+
lOcde., Clhd 6Q'/. lJl~(ol,
Ol-h
I~
I! __

The.se 6J:)kdjoo~. hCUJe hia IJ W-i0(<Dcoi·kj 9n d e1


-+ /1 ~
\QQ~ tl e~ • but' doe LQ', (1J tv(1) I hi \9tT scs ellS d he tJ..~eJ e. Vnpo~cd ea c I. ~
HOtoQVe.91 . m <?~aJJ!, (iti-Cn (Q~ )tIne c.~ mitHD ond ~ ~
'rO)c~n.e,gkQ.t"n 19je.~d LOl+h LOG1es)-~~cOI lSol<:.dfoh~ ~
1 ..". J

II Child lJne3J Cj)oG1 e Iii

!&how d D01 _be wed." • I C


c.nn o.l ,,1 00'; ~ .,.
II
II
- b. kJcdt'3!, 1o Q [I
~~ ~~. ~~~,~~ II ..~
I ... Thi .... -f'(J pe c.om>i",1", cDfJ ctbcuI Jf 0"/0 LOcU e.J) I C
, wrow P
I d t~ eli (1) e"l "!tid J n C\ 111x cictl rill I boo Eo _ I ~
I -+ 'H J (1) d)QlSjeul c~ I <iJ eel b'd floe &I>XUJ (hJ_!.~~~LJ :
l)(l1~1ii:V: -Lectllrel'-·1~1 ~~ecll(l-Ilical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru 08 '
~ HYDI{AULICS AND I)NI::UMATICS
==~==========~~ - II
~ r-LO~l-;~-OO~PI eJ~ (S.wO'lotQ.nde..d' pea (9~ l 0 I
I'
i
~ -7The coa:k"J pe<)Jo(QJ des Qi qCJO<::'1 i
1\
,I lJ CQ)O/Gn7 Pt310P0!1lA bw tcncLp Ii

~ i \.io rnaJ,; ~ dh@ ptLlid mOlSje tQe:t.'?JOSI\.C<?" U I]


I!
I'II

~ Thlt~ ~Gleo::re.~l ~f()O~f)lC() COD


!:

~ Ii CR"'t9]DCOlon GnhibJ10CSl/ cft-ddt! flPe}, Ii


I: Qq/e tle..C E'.M0c~l (1 0
~
:;, ! -?-- ~II Ql'O){JJ~[onp co..Sl e t~m/=cQJibk It'l~t-hm~t
kl'aJeJl-ln. I

~
I tS1 t<bbBJ <U eoJ "rn "dej i ah b()~' nol. d n /x:r"", 0 leu m - b02 ed " ~ "u!ic .<;''0 s j Q m" j
,;; II
c . urL9jO..lQ h}-I6\i nJ ndlCfl
"""""~ . . . ~-~~v'--'""~-- ''-'-V~.~ ~ Vv
~-+- i
I,

r;J II -+ l01co dlif


U
p~
uro chQfO>K.cUtlJ bOl:nfO)Uklrle.d do unhib'i' J )\

~
I wrnbm-iloo omo! un ~Qt1qaJ haft Llhe t)i'ijhe,d 'brGie -<9/egi",ooi i€mf:l. II
I
i
~ i -+ T~ picct! btWc4 dn clhln CC'de.~Cl91YJ O9Ie cine phosphaJe I
les-fOlt @ C.hlOOiiOO:led h'tjd9toc.a9llxJnlJ. I
~
~
I.I ~tm.
W
7 Picoad <Db tl..{ t9l a; qh j G11 01 he:!
III "Dl"-'iJ<2P UrxJ ud e IDlD
I I'll u ndeJX , <'1 rxor» /XV ibi(j·l 'd wY, b moSj 00.:1 U910J @J 9J nJ he!;c
;c~ I
i
~ l<9t ttb b
"'J seat,. tmd hi'iJh ws-fs. . !

~~:! ~~c::.: ~,l::;~~:


~.
I _ d. !
'5 ... 1h iro cl 'd pe c.o nroi ~'Iro C!lJJ abo"'-"! q 0 '/. wctl "-'l cwd I D of. :
:;, ooncc.ni\91 WE'
I
C Ii

;) ->­ The c..,ncenbctle (.01)(01""", ©b bQUcI odc!H i19<'.R uhaj

~
Sro p010~e Uli (/lcooi1 l1 , J.ub<9ii 01+11 ' L9) Wi j:x.",ol.ecJjon cwd /:x9J me clion i
~dl nsf ba.ck9110. (ldt91 oO.J{h ~
;:,­ 0

~
i 0le- - 4- Ad\lcu)+~eJ\ o~ hi'(Jh-wO:le5l <'Onlen! otWd~ JrXludQ hi'il b I
b'i -19I~is1cmce, <Qttf<s1Grx.1j nlJ cooGtlC1J c-hCQ..j QJLc:I e9J i sfj 0 I CUI d COl() cDsL
~
-::':J
I 3, 'E~(l:~~~!;; ~~ ~+
....,. me (1 nQ~Q.G3~ d n d he CO tObaJ fJoLlru.iion J~ue_.c..e hOJ1
'lQ.j~e lGj)
:;;)
I- '.led 1.:10 dhe moote etJWGjonmerrlaj btui clB •
I.
.~

.~ 4- 'lPe.~e.lo.ble booc<l mile Cltle biocle9~ad ttble and cae


I (fJ ~!&/o\)mQn~oJ~ (Sette"
~
-7 Th ~ hcu~e CdCft:t J cxJ),~-1 cedi on pet 0 rOJ-I) ~-S [ rno d~oJe
~
I WSlffiii ~ EW cl Cll.." e li eg~ eJl.-~ensi we. ._ .
.-:5
i ... TO, ,CJ:m be JXSlmWo:kd <.:10 Dceve TJDocl bil9/ e- ,
.~
l L~~,(J\0-0(e CbC'9.'l10-dQ51\S+Iq. ll.'1 dh C<:.5rlCtln addl fr vel. e "~~~~~~~ _.~~~._-J

9
--:> Balaji.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru
10
':;,
-:;
-"-'!1
\
HYD!ZAULICS ANI) I)NLUVIAI'ICS ~.
.~~~~~~=======

~,
~l

c
~

II
I,
il
!i S CO~oJ II Cf\ d ~lt1c eA ~,-1"
[I z......··v "-'"'v ~...A..A..V '--'-'·.. . · v '-,",,\..~. '" a .
II -'7" @ne (C~ tJ-he rnos! common f:x310blem aJ,SOC1cded L()I t-D
_L t
II

I
I cm~ Dlu1d
'
&1jS-/e../O) ejthq en 0

ucu h.~L'f.5JCLQ.l;C €-a~tem @ 'pne_umaHc


Ii

!i

I<>'(1 skm J co ckal:Clfj' . Ii C


1 + l e~. 19[ <jl u.,-j C1l J n
<iDa<» (D~ blu1d , Fo Well €'I Ii C, .
ete.d'UJd-;OI/ Sn etJ Djci~av 0 I c.
... TO i G> neecl! do be e~ j ou.,,~ d eCLli LOI \h -\-0 'f}eq:, I c::
dhe (1~s;em ett-thDIOCO cd J1co cnfJtimum etJD'cle.nOO. r r:.'
©b P"'t w::u.d ion" ho.s U0 bee.!l.01 ci sed cU
->- i c
l0f
~h. m,'i!0 e.l~e tl'fG>etJJ \.tD malee dh. ~ie.m Je.~, D<9Iee. I ~
II
~ The pC5toble.m <Db J.e.o..tQ.~e mn be CQ.(Qe9IC:.D fOl € do !i c
1 dome e..,7jent bc.A PC310 P<Ol . TllCtJnienGhCe COb dhe, 6-1J~km Gnd p~910b€)-] Ii
U Ii L
1
ecl e-d1on tCfJ e~QQl ond l(3ectQ1nco cU dh e. d e.g; CV I') G-t~€ c.
J-,c.oJC~, ~cl.9J(W.Qjc
0 11

II + c'ln ¥tem could be '


I, e5+h~ 3n{ t.9l nru @) e-l:jl ®J noJ I1c::clll9l e., ~

I ~'~(Y2~::' ~~~:- :.,. ~

.... '1 n 1Q.)l nol J e.c~Jro~ e 0 cc U5\ f, J n hc~CQ.O).1) e.


II
II
c.ompcf)QX)t p'lt1Lt lDl+h ©-h e lccl-ro aU
..
I
cJro.~cmte1l
f"">.
! -r llownC() prol~Q) nee..cl dD De- tiuJJ9jTca:kd CU)d _
I J~~c~ e po1 h m cuo be. d <ui1f ned BO I e~ bC~ th i tV pLt'3l pose. . [i' :
I ..
~n-tqrn.f u~e does Oof c.cw.1le loss €>I; btu.idj ..
I 1h e VtlU do n Oo..d ili tSf eJ~ r)(~,d dD dfle- don t1 o ~ Ii C
I -'t qhiVll\oJ &ill-~~ 9nc!((!,,(].2,~ WI~h +h~ to(2G/J II c-
I ~ d-fJe CVlOlpOrill)t 19J ou..ui nco (In .~gs <Dt txJtDQ'1 er t91e.d u.dto\j II!

p. '" e '.
un e.tJb IOWUO <Qb ~vhe ~2,te.m , (5lCDWln~ down q ~Qf)01cdj~!i
I r I

i to L Looe91 K
II hLd-~ t> :;. C'"

~; :~ < I , i ;. , C ..:;c;: ,:";' ~~,",<; r;~·CEa;;;Z;-;!T)~~;; T,~S':3Ec:, -8enga Iu ru ' ~=~<-~~,-='''~"~.~~."-=.~-- c~""~,~~~" ~"-"-iO!, ••.
, w---=--== -
I HYLJRAUU_:S ANI) !)NI::UMA'lICS
- "'~l

~
I
i E",('~ ~9J n oj L~aJ::o..q €- ~'r
~ ~, 0 ) )

,\

,
1 ·vJv v"'; .....v......rJV \./0 ...........

Ii -)- Su~nQf Je..ctt'~e. JtO d'ue tio u.mp01)C'fe31 1ns..jQtLlccljCl1.

!: ..-r Lea1c~e UhG10~'Uh jorry-ltO be d"ue do aho<:J<; ® Iimcuv


-' ' t1i D\3)c::rl 10 () Wl~ ich leI I , Lie 0 Seh dh ern 0 !:

~ ~ FdllU9\e 00 conned d9JCtrn l in e.£ l e.Xc€JSjL~e CPpe51Cr:1r11:


,',j :
I'
PC31e.2.$tL~Q ~ wn-lam'fna.-1!ion un cine.... bW .id. Q29je (3vme 0D dhe ~
Ii
~ c.ommolJ \91e.c:rJ,onf!. b0t91 e.~C}rx:d Jeal::.ou::Ae. " Ii,
,.) ;' U I;

I -7 E'l::JqnoJ uee:.t.r~<2 ded.~ eta 0..Dcoev ©b bWd ~


~
,I WLhich U911l dnc,(~Ctge c..os.1 (DD ~P~IQ":tion caL. uhe.. h l,.1ok9) cutJ-ic.. sQJs..J eN). II
~
I! -v U -v II
p ~ Le.~~ UJLQ..~d p~e.Ulerrlc.d e.vbe.d f~~ b1J
be Ii
-~ 'Wln~ f.x9J 0 Pe9l <Bean.." (JJ?fh LBcqed ~eClb)coJjon 0.od o..pp(jC.QHo()~

:;7
Ii,
I
1 ~~)~~ ,,~.~~~ :.~
' ;
:.J
Ii The. b0t.U OlOtncv CL~e dn~ d1b6e91e-n1 bunclr't:Jnp 0b 8e.cr.Q..t ~<f I
~
~
I Q. P<9l~tlml Ll~e Clb both erdqtJCv end &n~"'JnaJ no:lt<9/ e . I:,

l bo P~WQf)~ lihe d'LQ..&t amd othe91 ben.-~""·de-$ e..o·lf3JYI)CO an tD the... ~de~. Ii


~4cUrrlQ\n iJc9tess;~~,
;)-
III c. Ii
,:, I, II

i d. to hcmte lthe s01lQJce ULi be ~ndC71e.Q,ia.b;l1+~ CD/; dne. h1Jcblcw11 c. II


'l;J
II 6..us:le.m CQnd It-ko cle.me.nllO
- U
LQtQ(9) a tiOIJl)' SBlwce P~iod . [i _
,
,;J

I c. i ctQSl ~I Q't1, ion CD_~ 6e.alLt ~ ....

III ~~~l'~~~ii~d;c:1IC I1S'wt~ 001~ ~D<Xl~


';j
d'wslb k d billed (')() th<e

I bOlUo w1"'iJ bettl ot9J B : ...


,;J

I a. !'j eJ hod <l1b iiemJ "If .


!: b a tdhdhel ~(clcd fUle. ~o+ion e.ds,ko bdu-'x~en 0he. <seal Md I:

:;) I) I!

othe)} pa.'~dco. I:
,I

~
c" G€.D meJ\91 'i c CSh c¢e.. . IiI
~~
.'!fI' I I:
d ~ t> E:.e:U maJ e.9J led . f.

.;J ~
a c '4 unod lQh 't> e.o&:r ~ ~ -7 If
"~ ~~~~ ~ ~~~~ Ii

I Ac.cot9/cUOCfj 00 'm~hDd (CD 8e.clllnco <BeaU I C1J.t) be II


~
Ii cc.dQ...~~C?I)ved CU P-OCO~-+ilO~ 6e.a.JJnll @ non- fVSnjv~ ~eClt)rxo" ~
~
~
II ~~~ ~~~ d0 rio] ccu cio (to(J qrd L"!JOa) @ e/J..1 eJ] naJ Iii

~ -
Balnji.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru
- -=~,-~~~_~~~~_~~~=~~~"=J
~ II

::J
HYDRAULICS AND !)NUJfvlAIICS
r' .- - '. .~~====~.~~

i Je.ttf'1~e1 c A pocol11\Je Se.cd pC5Je.tQ~nko eueJi a mrno.:k CQJOJotmt ~


i
II
(Q! I uo ~ eJ tJe-GJC'R~ Q 0

:1 ~. ~~~:J2~~!2~~.~.s::L. PC) ml·Jeo Cl ESfOUt( G-mcun1 (Db 1h-k~)nQj


11 J ~ett.CQ..~e • Gu.ch W Lthe de.G91ctnce u.s <2 d VO p~10CQid e Cl c.QuJ:'X91iccrli nco

Ii bll m bQ:koec.n 0- 'V Cthf e (i~oo \ QLnd ell co h 0 ~u. J I) CO booJc 0

II
I' be ktheU:lh((~) c) (.\C.cl' i'-.0C: mct--1o(J (?)~'i:[;ko bc.-iu.ccn dhe[)ccd Cln cl
I:
i,' 'vV~VV·~·_<V~·~· .~'--'- ~'~..AAA.-- ,~.AJ~.A-·- V~". __ . A_ ~~~_'-A/.~.~~ '..AA--"

[Lth Q.?) rX--"-.' Tko ,


'v....... ~v ~.~. .-...I'...,.,-~ ....,.....1'-.1-..1' :1

c
:,
Ii
I I3cUled cgD dhe lOhd-he3J 8heJl~ e.iX-~n:dco 191eJ~dfU~ moHon ~ Ii
• I, I'
I 6e.~tDe.en dhe 6e.G-~ 8l-hd m.-~h~ ~"11c() I lO2. hCUQe. I

.~ «. Gfct!ie (ked II

JIb> .. 1)CJ OGm ic (?e.W . I,


(cl
Q" (ifcdic 9Q.cd ~'r
1'1

"-AA.J '-.AJ0'- ,'-.A:>,--,,-,v ' I

II -7 A t3e.oJ u-hcd U{() tDm h t9je.£g e d bdc.oeen ltwo I

I e d V '. I
I t.'l11~T~ C0f)nec}ed pClJoriC/> LIeu CCUle GhJ Ie <Seal. . «« !

1\ --'1' Th oJe m~ be mou.WJen~ wIthIn cthc Seal du.e. Ii

I Jo ~Cl9)iGHon dn t)(91e.£~tJ9)e buJ I 8hE' moJ1rxv PCB1fCO do hoI mOUe i

I J n 19I eJcd Ion do eJlQh <9th~.... lit c:


J --'>' E1LCl.mp\~ «lU fflo.trc Q3eolB ~e. pIPe:. ·\J~l9lead~d i C
I wn;"'dlonf " blC>tlC(JQ j.,1nf seaQ!, O-<911nCfl' &. Ic
1..b 'l2JJ~3~:25: ~ ~~
u , tu-.
i -+ 1)~n0.mlc ge.cde ct9Je u()3kuJ~d beJc.ceen pOJ'l'/15 C
I LLchrch mOlQ€ ~cl.o:tj\Je do onE' CllnothDl.. . I
I -t' Thuft Qt1 ue.cud ore. ~ lthe. /xx-'jd co 19Iub (1)-ctl rJst- li I c
i dhe se.al~ CQ.Od l1rw9/e-vtx9le ~e 6-lt-bJQded dD we.Oi9I" I. C
i -+ q en '-~ QU \\ eth"ll b1ryj l:I h E'i <91 G!f> fX.icct!i ont r.., Ic
11 t31e.t.I f3loccdjn~ @ GtOiCVl~ ~gfem~ W?he.&/e ~eedJ, c.ene. hV1 hJcv n CJ J1

: ~ood hem dlacoirct11011 Uta j::aocoible. Ii

Ii

Co q wmQ.)\9lic dl'J(spc
........ '(..A.:)'-""-'~v~\.....-\...· .............. • .1-"-'-..:'._...............""

~--'r
I:

RCLD<.9riirr:s do cowmeJ6J ico) L'r~ ~ed ion I


II

II
SE.~ mQQJ~ bQ drugltJied eM, ~~
o 0 0 ~ 0
I" 0- (}jl nc:n CeaJ Uu <> 1- tJll oS) ge..aJ Ii
j!
[:
I;"

/&
,

,
~

~ <1·1 uco
~.;~?~~.~
c.a..Q!ed (). S~cd be-~~tse ef-he- ooss -sed-ion <Db
~

~
v
i)

;J

;:,

:)

~
:t

:>

:>
;)
HYDRAULICS AND PNl::UMAIICS
======~========

Ii.,.,. .\1 ~~d U· t3t'f nco S€ - nJfd cqe- (§lmfx'i~~fon \...k~e_ ~€.-C1LQjj wed'

II 'It'\~11<J..Cttt ~ In cttt c~ \')Q$ (Db ~L €-~1 pcC')cccd11nco ma1l'on appuc..a:Hong; d

i -7 The..se anc::.h_Q.dE picoion t9jod' Olnd plns10n secdco lin pnurmoJ-rc:

:i
11 tc.od \L~d..9J G:-uJi L ~llnd ~ . l)lc;,e.1~ l.9)ettnlt I j a.ct~ C!.rXJ 13ea..t(! Of)
!j . to
I plu--n~(L"'1~ C-Q.r>d plC\)1onJ, If) 19)€-6PSIOCcdlOCO pump~ 0

I •

I
Ii
d-, IS Qed .
i'?) ell ~,) I CtiI ',~r

III -~,~ ;"i~~' <It-~ e m(wu~ QH1~~< d Ot'JI o ,,:, lID9I \ e:I'1I (Db " aJ CJ91 aj
Ii ~..rxi ~ n-fh<?}l c 1OlCt!Q:1ICllt, t dh e cYlOfCe d e..txwe:tlr11 (btl -t n e V·ttld we..d) c.
III ID/J"'1M 1n '3 pC31a~U"lJ<' and line d<mpOlallO.-"Je I9(OLtlCO e " c.
I . ..,. ~e..o:IhQ5), W(9)K an d dm [x9Jeco ncde.d b,b<?A~ LO~e lfhe.
I eID1 (j es ~ 6(,Q~;nCfJ ma:JOJi a1J. bO<91 ~eb (uLlie ~w pmenj •
I' -> Bcu lihoe h~e beef) LtaS1COQ..t~ 5'...Ckp~ceded b'(J ptruHc
I emd ~n1hd)( t.9Iubbe5} rocd~fa1t.. ' Co
I ~ d..o-~n~hclic. 191ubbE')) (e1M~omeJlc)CV)e 1he most ~'jjf I; c
I (W) lull bte toHh «ll' I" Ie l0iJ\10"><')1 ~ am be mode ~n IQ09J10 t" tDm/Jo£i-lJ6I1p1
. ~o mee& HLQ~'111ott~ CQ.r~c~Jl ~~ oorx:H+fonp· ! ~
The dibb~enf e1'~fom~p llued W <1.eaillnfl) ma.:/e51faJ OOIe I e
Q~ Neo pl91eoe Cchlol31of:x!-ne) + cof> e..9I Q.~i n~ ~ e.mf76J0-1 WI e odo LV G,sec -I ~.
b., I\Qf1\3j!le tBUY/(1-N)7 ~p€.5latlnC(j lJemb~ilOle eSO +0 ico'c i~,
Co Te..vLon ® G1Uc.m e ~ (QPe.3ta::f inll ~emb~~cdU9l.e t oo'c +0 2_-S0€> C.­

d. plaJ,t1c.;. p\'Uo~o plro-Hc ~


HuoeJIo ctMlomOlC .. +~o:IlO\e upj{) ZoDc. I
~~~~~ ~~~ ~c~~ ~7
A t91e£(2)')'WI\91 uro 0 clDsed meJQttI c c.on~o5nE'3)
< I :

lD'""OSt'ii' :
I 'mcL1n

i
D~c:h,on
h(}cb1o.uli L <t2Jl.s-te!O)
dco dD
b
&f-o~e.
ond &J.pp~ h..~ ~QL~c.. b~wd do ~e
E\l)ent-ho,h cl-he. G{ t@,e:J\~OI131 ura L.~he ·--tnlvsf- fumple
! 1..,
I:
I p~-t t dh.e. 'P\9lop<-'l dQ.,Di<t)lJ lSlV Ct SQ..u4Gbte tSJl~e..."1\Co;6l b0 f::11 0- ~~c. i c
I ~s·le..TY) J~ ~Qr:rfrOlji 0-0 Jhe ~fJJOJ~ PQ51 b OOl rno.nce Glod &J be <Op the Ii

II LindJwi du.cd CVTOiponenk-q. '[

I .
Ii lhe C)te.J!'e:1\loi~ ~eJ1Ll<4 the. kotrooolOCft blQntHon~ >" I . "'"
II U V i <;

ca
Ti'a·i~IF.·v,T~~~7.~el:lll=~'1 cC-\la 11 i f Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru~C~~C":c_-'--~~'~~~~""'T41
,
~ .

, riO Used =<'fD~(\=ato=.=01=~~E' ~6fJ='=m=·'=e=b=O=t31=Lfu=·• =~=cb~;=l=~='Cb~i d ~~


HYLW,/\ULlCS AND PNI::UrvIATICS

hiJ 1
Ii Lth( ~£t~ . II

~ I o- U~~d o..p L+he p011ndpoJ l~l ion Kd')E:-:'<:' dhe DLLCJd UCO CDrrlihCiJef'
~ Ii 3. fu \S)Q.Se-"'1t9-bl19) JlO ~I)~e QYud1Je lU::t:k5J Clnd mda) ell->ir~ settle.l: 7
~ II
4- ~i1-fc-pi rnd Q\ l91 p\cJcrr 'l~p Ixd Uh~ ~ I WCO CHle(O~d' do eJ!..CGp<: Tn i!
,
~ II
~,'I
if dh€- 131Q.SQ51lSLOI~.,
p II
Ii

~ i 5'. The dJ(()co'ipcdfon ~V h€DJ l')tJ6hed


L'fco ClJL3D Cl-t t Dm t.9Jd~'1\cdc91 bv .. Ii

~
II (9. the. rnt9V1 o~ dhe 19l€...SVl'{oiI.91 co:cn 6e ~d QIJ a ptoJ/fCJm J-o :,
Ii U
~
: tl~p~ql ~u.mrco~ motolSJ / fx9J~s~ e q~e.& tocd v ~t eJc J J the;,~ Ii

~
~ dlQU.QO J.of ~.~ 1-toOt~ ~Ctce",~ 1':1:

i UV Ii
~ 1,1 T'U r
Q1l ([1/,
~~ "'"' ~
e,"'! \Co 1!9J.£ ~ 7'
'R es~"-'~--
v<---
!
I
.J ~ 'ThDje OO1e \Jeoo l3LQPe£ <Db R~~\[ofOL~ i
I

~ Q" Pdt e._\?8.~ i iSe.d ~ e.s01\(o"lC)) Ii


i
~
II b~ Non- pqc:3S~I~d f?~01\W1&1 I
)
i cpen ~<2.-.
I'
~
li.1 e

~ Ii n C~(')~ed ~pe-.
o

~
Ii a. ~~~~~ ~~~b,~t?1 ~~
j
I tmnen u-he.. <D-pOlcd; on dtlOl~
. . P"lt~~U'JIls"d a.
L9 <CS"""'oi"l il<1J s1em ", Cl&J' wed
cl elli) tuJd ~g-t ® , b
~
"7 Th~1J ~qe:~e LIn d-he.. t9JC4'IC(t€ ~b 0~Z5 t-o l~4b"?li
~
cwd \91 eg t-Li q e tio m e.. mEa-NO <bb \X?l e.ss t931 e rn 010) D J ~ ,I
~
Us: tQO.lf ~ ~onc't.u c0 ~ LtD m !X3) egscx.91Q ~) e 1...U ~d
-7
;:.

do 10)0.\ nfo:'in I1he. gel \S1 el!>~)~Q0j<-9J bd1Q2~U9te.


»
ry- ~ nnptt t3)clJ<2fJ 'lQrn~ Q~ ~ t~j<2d dD Wmtf tl){
;J cVOj PCIe2~UJ1.e un
uhe- 01 e]Oll.c.bia) 0

J b" Non . /x7J ~ U.9J 14) e d AE'2 <?."rJ lQ D i lC)) ~-r


v~...,..... ~,"-./V""",,,,,,,,,,. '\.....AJ ~ ~ -;»;» --............; .~

1--'7 "Ih dhiro 0he ISj es e..,~Yoj '-'1 ua '\l)E:n1eef d-o


~
:t et·r rnas-phe'J! ~ &') d nett tl h e U~ t1 ~fJ'7 CLi eJ( &:f C\ eu m o<sp h~ rc: p~
I 0

-7 The. CSHlf)fO}on me:thod ad.epk.cI Lto W.e.ni the


~
19J€.3~1'(ofIJJ do e-Umo~pbOJe Jco 00 jX310lQlde C'..l t.:elc.G.-~h~Gj t}tiC1 'Tn I:

L { ~ I ~ 11"-'1 Caf>' . ~ rnenJ(L~<:fc:cclet1 ''ft_ cJ:"'-r~"-_"i"'fi15J


n
~
-;> q/) dlCll "ly<rcjO /) i
~ 8a1811.\I, Lecturer In Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru

~
:)
HYDRAULICS AND !)Nl::UiV1AIICS
~-- - .. '

il @) GUt71 bO-..C{j (S ttL, c H .Se d IJO fO)C'c"' n.fo1n crl1020~h01 rC. pGJ~SlDJ' e: -f lJ-'=l
Ii dh e. ~ l d C\l.OR <­

1\
Ii
RQ.2, 01\['0 'I LS1
tVv '-"'v............'-.,) ~'-"-'~
t: Ie.ffi120-J Co
..-,.......A.......~ ,--,'.......; '-'.oj ,.....,r.~
!~~-t

'I
Ii

d tf$.i
. I ,--'
l' r--~';----l
l . i
T?r---J J--_

t b c
hO
c
c

Cl 0 TCQ.t) 11
b 0 le-v d lci 11 hJ CV [003
Co B(].bb te plcde
d lbt3J(.o..,!he9J Q.UJd ~ l"i ~
D

eo Rt;} LQ..9)l) S1 ne Pr pe e
~" p'UJnp {in td I C
<ij" pi U-C(j do cblciln cll
Botiom I c
h., T e.m PVj ctI U-9'1 e ~ n dJccdC<91 ClUJd hea.-f V1 , Ii
i ~
I Ct" Tan l,' ~ -1'" I! .,
I A/V<./VV,/- Th~ J02f)~
Lko mad e- lQLlf tnb tn! Ld & ~eJ b1J Wd cUhY] If!1 ~

I ~ fh ~ t9J e.-cJ a.nCOW03l@&}u..D.'Je.dtdpe,t9Je.dan1)WQ91beJn11dhe. Ii


c
I most (Dmmoo ~
C
I

II Tn e l1 n Oe5J &l9) ~CLN IP1J cJh e Jan t1 leo petbp,?} ~ lC")ecdl>d


. cwd f::ojn·~Q.d U9H-h a <8e.oJQ'ltJ-hetf ico evmpcd-i !ole wff-h the-DeuAd :

ltD pC91W wf ~oro1on (mel \91u~d-j'n 7J 0 :

po ~~ ~!?l'?!S'~ ~.~ I

Thico uco- tX31DLQ..lde-d Lthe ~e.91 CLW1bQC'~ lOb dhe


(D-f) I
\..kmLiWLhlch und~c.cdQ.$ dhe ma.I}j"mutn ('end mlnfn;ufO) u~v<{',J Ii

!O-b doe ol J J() dlJe J-anFi , , ' Ii

II e M (lJlli mttmu HQ eJ ~ rx:/Jccdfon Ii (0 rwe e<;IW"l ~ Wlh w I

t~::t~_~ ~!~~_~. ,b2~~:d ~d. mir)imCJ!.tn dUl~ ~Jnetc.al fon h0 t91 hilt7 n Ii
l3alall.V, Lecturer In [\1echanical Dept " SC:EC
~ ,
Bengal .
,L11 U
. ,.~,~~~~u..=~~_~J!
r l? . ("l<
....
~
J---_
HYDIZAUUCS ANI) IJNEUl'vlAIICS

3 IF
I! J-he L+cmlfi· rnidh dhc 011, 6ff)
=~"""-=..
lthoJ J-he rump ghouJd no-f clG~~ ­ 1
:"
1

~ Ii wi fhQtA:f ~ t • II

,I (] l hI ! r- Ii
~ Ii c: c ~~:, 1~~~2~ ,,'f' II!

Bo.-p b[e PtoJ ~


b

Ii CQ..Qj e pc9Jb<J21 d eel CQCYO(OlO Lfhe u-on i'1 'I

~ ,I Ii
II \.to pt:JJeJ.oenl dU9'l bul w UV In cthe b~d b~bol91e \9j~o.ch; D[J @)
~
Ii e,nfQJ1 dhe do [d' po1o-/ <Do Ij-n~ pc..mJ p ,
~ I,

de 1.3tO'jen.-f' hefl Ctlle,! b\ I k9J C'n!')S ~'r


I = if'
I!
;;,
~~~~,,, ,~~, ~~~ ~;- V(0 /x91 0 tJ.lde d <9n Lthe to ®fJ lh e
~
i tJonll' lfD t9!e.mo~e dhe. Q)r-fE'.'/nQtQ~ en~01Ct}nQ.d aJ191 00(7) ethe (jar
~ ,
I
~ 01 I
I 6 tt9I "C9..~ <O~ l:1' he... 0:,
~
II U
0
I
III

~
I c/o b(). ciU fed e t;1ICi "XV
•• H If <'lJ mfJa CQ9j e t:u ow de d I
°D ~1e...2,~ lQ.~It9) l()1~h ~II aLbi OJp~i odrc de.CI'.n19 cwd do tt)ro>femo::}e
~
. I~otS1 QJX:fVJ noJ l1ectte-cOQ Db, dhe.. coli.
;:,
The bnl~~ (Dp~nj n9J uro ~owded wifh a 8/00.)001
;l
\10 L~e.lT>o~e 11031cat p~rtjde WIl1ami()Lto1(o IIJQLI)<'rJ~
~ I eo Bd U.'J1 n lL,'Y/Q. ~ IrQ}!, ~'7
ft,/I.../u-....AJ. ......"'--............. ' ...................."-' .'\...I"-.../_'A./_

~
The 19\eJcxrlIJ JUntj; ($})owd be. cnn dhe (00 e 6.-ide ~b
.j
~he b~DD[e praie and ~OLQJd be CQW~ tf'01O) ctn:- ro-mp l1n[Q;\ cQJn€.o
:J Th~e plr~ InCMQ J~mir,cde oWolJe dhe_ bluJd Je..ueJ un Lthe
-~ G1e£(""1tQvil9/ do /=:c"31wQ.n1 eJphoo1rx(j 0

.;)
·fo ~p ~~:i ~~ ~7 I
;')
LQ1ne. lS-ool.Q!d be CQ1!ecc.5l+ 50mm Th~ rLunp utJ\d
;:, I e.tbou~ lJh~ t\lanh lj»Pl31 G£)d ~de..mt -=f5rom bQ1»LO crhe minfrDC-t
-J ~tU'cl COt oJl 0'n dhe. t91~,g<:"l\OElIGj..
;) The UO]Tnino+frI[J end <OiJ line. burn p cmd
.~ ~ ~ Snt~ LQ1ne UCO peJDwded lOnha ~d-ion
.:> bll~ ~"J ~o ~e.mOLlle CQ1)11C0n~a1O)9rnrd(Q ~ n til Q <p·i I lJo Qj)f ~ dh~
.~ pump cmd mt-h~1 wmbo nw 1co jn dhe h'(jd9jav.llie- (3..~S1emD - ­

~
'::')

~
Il
I

tu1 LOGOhJ
--

j 01olea)
Th e..

p..,.,c] '" ,
r Lt(G)P un I (~J wn e &-ho c.tQ d
b1til " 'il etc '
be bG'l<:c- bCJJ 0 6lfJ

-.~ L1alaii.Y', Lecl~ll'er--in ~Techanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru

~
-'.::J
r~, ~1~:':2 ~'O ~~~cU ~ ~I ;~ Thko ~tCO dhE' ctD LO q mOs.~
~~~~=~~~~~~~~~~~l

e..kmen 1 CQ.D Lih e


j!
;,
i:
t'
i
{91 d <Z:71 LW [ (5}) 19J Q<ij ~ 'LQJ ed -o !'
I',.
~

The pLHCV Cleo CC/?EO<2d' ~Qben '--.


'

LUX 19IESeJWDfOl

I Llnr do be U-h0t910l~CVh~ de-cmed eJrc:c,CQJJ~ 00 J C9j<UOJolQe «itDud


contcs-rninaf)~(O settled cd Lthe boU:l om <D~ ~f}e.- t9/e.£l<0JtQ.Vf(9) ~
I. hv T<:'JDPC'<O:l'CL(je cr'nafco:\ccci (lnd heoj'<:~.s1 ;~

"
I'~ ~ ~~ ~. ·~~~ko;:m;'f~~':~r{() LJ D q eseO) LW 1l9f Va

!i mG,j nfCJin LJhe 191 equ-l l91eci t;le..m rQ9Jo.flt9J e m.b &/,1
I +
c>
I

Masl modEC"lO Q.VSiem~ Ql.9je r610Wd "d w/fh


I, Ct hO') me> m d e)l +0 t91e-aC'1 u hQ (Q 'f I lk.m pC') cd u.9J e. •
I Hectf~ J'co tQJed' do lrn(ltQCI!$~ cfhe IQ-Il le.mfx-""J­
!(!t;!uY)e dU9)in~ told clJmah~o
I o. " D "
~.~:~50 ~ r,)~~t~~J.! ~.?- I: e.
Th e Iii III fX)J l1lb 'co 19/ <C!<D1LQ P iL91 litil bCt1le d <Jn un e poc.U ow f"0 I C" .
(e{Ite-"'1JCI. ~~. I ~.
l? '1f mu..£~ nnCtre ~QQtJ(carce bOC9f d i 191~ Glnd cY>irxo Jla 2ctJJQ ond ~
~1&1 do ~(~Q,
02. q1 mlt.2.~ be (Qbfe tJo hc0d QU d-he «1/1 ethel:! rmi9Jhi QCJjcnJn 7'r)fo C·

line Lgl ~<UJllb'l9J bGt'D1O) dhe ~gfe.m o I C"


3. qt mu-~l mojDlcUf) 0ht? <011 UWd hl«Jh ~f)O~h ® pBl w en1 II"
Qt ttQhb,l PoOl e.Q6e-cl ~ ctne rum p tfn[u &1 ne CD-pentrxu" OffJe3J~ Ii C •
tors€- C-t.Il9j UOII' be el9jCtwr) dnfo d~ pUJO)P 0 ~C
Jt" <H &nolt~d hCL~e Q tSWJbQU a9)e.o J~9(l eno~h -fa djro(Jir.d~ i C
I

mosA ~D th e hectl C(j-Qfl(L"j ctkd bTJ tthe- (8-11s-{ em ' jIi C


5'. q{ <ihowd hQU~ ~ec'j ucdQ oJt9j· <2.P0-Q.~ d-b Ctt-tow bOL0J ihol mal II~.
t~cmsioo ~V t-oe m'J/" i .
l
i~
f1 t91e2~'lQ.Q)fOI hCQ.lcinCO a LGpewf1J ~b eth<9},(,e.. L:f-fl'O)~ 'fhe 'CDlqf02e. bLmuJr!
n
9jcc1, (l)D <the ptuo'p o<,!\ bEen b,x'Dd LIo be e.t.G e.qcco:le 0 t5J t1l 0';;;+ I~ b
~ch]~ c &~S1ernp uof)qe Q19Q5jOL
oe de-mo.nd~ ~\ e cr~de-cl" Thitd I:

\271 da.tlon&hi p i{O err I vQJ) bCO (=

I R ~QJ1ILo i 19t de $ e L 10)3) - 3 X 1':;1 UfO) P bLow Tole t. my~/0 l"">..I.;C

L ......
Balaji.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru I~

C"
C'
~.
HYDIZAULICS AND I)NI::UI\lli\IICS
~=='"

~
Fl'H ~l(O a.nd cQ.:rl3JO/1 n61 p ~'7
~ \.../'>--NI....A-- f ........._ ' - " ........~ v ...............) '-~ '---.. . '-~ ...........- -,­

:
\i
~ The. r~'1tpc:frOla.nce
h~cL'l0Ltd lc 6.-tt~-le.m cl<2-r endro
I l'--~ 6id w 9J
on dh<? rc31ecJco1on
Q2.f)d i6e.JJLQ]C(

0D
l~Ab~
c0mponen1n

q ~

~ !:wed,

~ _Ii ~ '"['j J co no r j'1.t~i ~tt~ bfci~tJ'l ib uh~ compoYRnttU 'LQ2eQ CQ9)e.


::} I Q,b hJ9h pC5!J<:dadon ClhQ CQ.(r.~C)lCQc..1J buJ dfJe- dame. r<9Je.c.../cojOO ~
II C£c.tJ,A"LCQ..Q..~ (1P!ooJd be. lOlGin1Gine.q Lth61oL~h<oe0 cfhQ Se:1LQjC~

.)

~
Ilpe3IJod (Qb ~he. ~~Qj( ~rnrOr)e1J1CO""

I Ih e LOOl31S t e§)E'ln ~ @)D d h eJ2> e PC3J ec.leo jon mode w mpa I)-
' ..J;> I
~
Ien~ UtO dhe ~n-latn4rntiooeo un lthe btuJd l.Qclt) icJ>mCUO be bo·th' II
~
;;)
B-oUd Gincl &Jqwd 0
II'

I ~ The.. 6-Oli d CIDn~cwnl rXrl j VOco OOJe d wL dit9jL WCX31n <S)cxJ


I,
~ 111)~f~ijJ( pj~ce-)1 oocJ m-lh<?91 proJf1d~ omcl cthe &JCj~d cvnkILmroltion" .
~ C®] e tit il e tvGh~~} G.c1dJ} poi ni 6b efc.- . .
:>
-7 t TheJ,e c.oDk~tn'l'no.ntco 09)e. llQode.2.1GjabtQ (Jh doe.- ~d9JCQ.ill.fc
j
! ~~$Sfe.tn ~9 li~e51eva9Je nee.q do be ~ \9fe.fPotJed "
~

~
~? Th ~lea9\e. dJ bb~)<m1 (.CH.tSej, b0 t.91 bcu1U9J( ®fJ V9JeutP,. c
I&Os~~m G{Dd maJ0C91H~ etJ lfhe-tn LO, II be? due Lta @Ud p~Hc1e
~ ~o{~mlnoJionco Un dhQ (Q'j 10
;;J.
~~~~ r~ ~'~T~~~~~
::l
I e- .~~~ ~ ~/~~ S!2!l?~ dw9J9nCV rn(]h~C9-dU9fln9 allwajl
I ro Q.JdU ~ &ccl <tlI, &opp1Yl1} CD mt:ocom , (S cmcl If 0 tin CLuli rxv J:-w1-1 rcJI <!,l I
I;

~
;,
11l!ltJ m<1.l a1 dv.9! I rxo too th) n iYlCO ets I
:> b , §s!?~~.J£li~.~~~~,~'!~(J~~~~ £XC~gJve II
~ bLWd udccl+ lQf ~JDde L1h~ (f~f)~ ~bace. ~ pJre.·~ CQod temfOne6)f~ I
,:J &tJ) ~a(Qj) er ctd dco L:J D 'd rw Dlui d o l
~~
Ie. r.: dq noJ illDu.51ce : !
, .~.~ ~ ~ ~.~ Ai 19f e.n{ l')j1 n'/J , L\- tlJe \31 <Cl ell \.QDi\91 rnnh 1np I
'~
djl51~ <!wd moi~{lQ.9)e LtQhJch ~G b0C91mcrl1on (Dp G1~t on ; he, ~ft !

~~ ~ the. i9j f£e51'«(')1l.91 wd 9jQ) chilo cthQ bCuJd " I­


'~
I" cL. ~~~ ~.~~ ~"i,~~: I
>~

':)
L Balaji.V, LecLlIreri'n [\1echan~ic~al~D:=el=)l.~, s~s~~~~C=,~Be=n=ga=;"""ILI=rll=======~
Fq~lQn4 cop('..olncr; cmd i~
, '<~o=_~~=<~_

::J
':)
11=~=~~=~' HYD!{;\UUCS .'\Nt) j)NI:::lJi'vl/\'1ICS C
i do.'>; n'3 <DfJ dh e wv S 1ern "-"-rn xo; 'lJ tJ he ~glenn bO""" W));fll Qou'Jab/~l e-
li ~~il5J<Ol)me.JJ·1,ro Ct~dl1TDn <Ot t bCc.ud co 00 uhf' C91{;l;G'1LQoil9) dC.Q..9jII'J~ ;: c
:1 bI (J, n1J . u:p <r:fS Q.:') Odl0 f) eJ c. Ii ,..,.\
I 1: -,
'I ! e ~ 1?~~~~!2~ ,~~S~~~l1:XJ~L~:~.~._ : i: ~;
pipe 6C~IE~C"IOlO) flpe.~ hot c..feaned ,':,
i.

;fJI! ~je
I
I V
II d hOl"YJ o (iLCOhltJ ' and 19l u.s.t tl p-cJDrn~or)(?n-tco 1£1061~d
c.Ol9t'10<oIOO

i 1.HJ bCU:9 Ols91ctb Ie ee n dt+1 0 n (0 S tL0j p[ U..JS ad h e..,R i 1.9 e 'Joxd <2,5'1 i cd ~ dcc"'rJ I f) ~
J Ii .,

i m'OLQ.n..}-·j0C(j rot 6eaJ(() J Jx.c C1cCuyjL1. clc. lLQh:ch def'6Jeto:lca b0cJ] C\ I! t..-,

I ex- <901 ed cmd cl ean 0.1 ~ QXol"li QD d d ill1 b&' ee Co.l.Se /1S1 b~ 001 "'-" , C

1 f. fOcid txo· pOIcd.udr, l3~d'il<.£' eJcdltomq rCL'J-Hdet ~eno]o1d! c.


\ b'd <tle.oJ ill Md aJ"lbol9j oe ~oud GJ • I~
I
Filt eVa
~.~ •...,AA....'__
:.~

F I/--{ ~(() ~I (? u.s ~ d


Ie
II

IIe.::
\ -7

' .
I c.onicw)inon~{().
I c: •
II -'Z" qi J(O o. dU..Q~ce LthaJ c..ooco"lco-lco <Db CUJ~ Oi \-let) eJe-mwi I

I heu.oAD'O ~ Ole mfe.OJ "'Vf t:Io (9)emOUe d h •• umpU9llfie;:.


Ii
Ii

i ~'
,I
~c

~I' ~ klhQ() 0he c.on-laminceJ'ed (011 q")C£l!,S'e;, dht91()l~l1h "-81 e


I bit~Q5l ql<:..me.n~ I dhe pC®rtidq. (1 ~1' bil-Ie..91~d lQ9.hi le. the j I:CC
V lie
~ ,k{Lud PCU'<;efi m..tJJ ~ dhe d~m~J)1 o I, .,
Jlil

. eXeaT)
)! l) - V
Ii

Ii --+ Fi 1~.e.51 e) eJnQ..Dko a.s'l e QLQoI labl c. J n (?j'cB~ &.~ 6JDCQ.tJ C'Q..ft I! fit·.

'I '

lie
,I

IIGro-rhiCO-! I JilO)Cm lcrrt)I1~)I,e. E'-\Ie.n C5.- ll-ym ~Hd3e d1Q.St pe '3J+ ide
JL 1:jd~
I R"!"'i<£wi""'", blI'/~"1 e. d ltfx9J 0 ""il h L!h i C<> bill ~1 e.l <'.frJen f • !~

1hq~ cc..1Q. ~ht9teE:- ~P~ rob bil·Ie.."JlirK(j e1lement ~. ~ ~<1"


"t4ecfuorcoJ IR le.mQof<o
~ D Ab3cxClJ ben{ t:1E'rn:m1~.
t5. Wscx_n/lx.()~ t= lernz.rTIco .
~
' --
-cs
.;.
HYDRAULICS AND PNlUMATICS
~
~ Ii
Ii

~ i OJ" A b£Ol9j p-tiO n E Ie-ment ~~-1"


,! ~ \...'-' -A:J ''-''-' ""'--,~ J~ '~"-'_/~'-'1--' \'

~ :1 AbSOaptioH)'CT1<16 1CU 'L~Se P00/0~


7 penm-:: Ol-m
;, Ii €.QLble md1e9')iaJlO dQH:h ru ~Pe91 / lXi Qp eLcth, (ctlLdos~/ M0e2tOt' C!L}. ~ j

~
i b' u~1~Oqj eJemQ.ot., . Ii

:i 11} dh j co d1J pe d he? f:)(:JL91 ftd ~


-9 CQ9j e 0-Qf U-QQS YJ II

~
IICl.bsOc:J-lbed
Ii
~ cthQ bLWd p<2Dd0JCliet IJhe mcdBJ)(JJ ~ ~ Ij
Ii
~ II '"7 rne2e !b~ L{~ (() OOJ Q 1.Ued bO@1 eJXJ t9(em~ Sh7ctQJ II

~
II pOOIi lcJe b'll:t t9)Q~ ion c

~
.B., Adgol91 ben + !:;lemW1 ~-r
~'
~\.AJ"'V-" ~ ~--::Ad.s;o~plJon Lico C1 ~~bace pneomenvn G:!-od
~ \9J~VQ51CO cla doe ~:kndencCO @) G1Jb,nH(j op tIne poo,fJcJ'e.£ cflnioou
~ \:l 0 tf he (H~Jbtlce <nD ethe biLleJ) ~J QJO)~n-t @) nncdr U r6) ", ,

;> -") Fi I ~~I medium DncJude o..diLQQfed dQ~ dnd


;) I c-~~mi cajJ ~ tJl9)~ru ~C\ PapQ)J ~
~ The Cc¢CQQ-H~ (QD 6cJc~ bil-f~ctj(() d ~etxho ad} -IhQ
='
:;) ~~VQdfLOe CQ9je-O ~D bcQCE'
&tl!.-9J 0D or f-J e.91 medrc.QYn atQcc1 la.bfe...
~
.~~ ~~b~~~~~+·

~
The bOLVOtDlDCV CS9i e dhe Vena aUbb e3JeJ)f ~ret ~
~

~ I" FutJ - blOW b'lHQ5J

;>
s- p0lopam-lono1 blow b'H ~ ­
~
I 0 ~ b~~Svb~~ ~)'1:

;) -~~--
1-rv-l~1 -l. t-Jc-7;J~
~

~j

,~

~
L~~_ . ", _
:,) 13::l!aji.V, Lecture!' in Mechanical Dept, SSEC Bengaluru

.~

~"'\

"'~
-7 ~n 0-hi((l chd pc: ~b; b~ I-l e3)

dhc9l olllQh LthQ b,t-, 9€ 1


0

--'7 Qtnee dhe bLtU- bl CJ QJ PO,2.SeJ:, tJht310~h lth~ bf t-{ e3l ) (ttl th~ e.
bLWd ~<dQ) bll-loJed, \f~)u~ dbe bil-fclfo?J e.Dbic1Q()G~ I~ hJcJho ~,
4- tfOtcQ\lQ'7j lih(5)Q Linr o tk:~..ql~e PCF1~ l~'1JE' cbop acocxoco the

bi 11CU) 1 CO-~ dhe bC~ow hCQ~ do {x.:f..2,.S; eJ)1}lSge~ U-hC9JOU-9/h HiE'


b1ne ~i<iled mpel)·\l'''iJS. I c

--'r ~[i+h c..orrlinotJp. WCRCOe I mO~,1e God mOl,,))€ CDo1CQfO)iDao+cu?Jet i r-

CD\lede-d dn dne blHVj e1Q~J}t . . 19luW;f)'ncv un 0-0 9t1crrea8ed Ii :­

pt')j,:~e cboPdo. ..tt... J ~ ~ j Ii ~


~ To QCt!/-CO@:.U09"j uu€ <ltJ~-etn-1 c btQJL.f bliX D b'he3l lCO come:pr~11
PoroLQ·,de.d UP/HI Q b1J' PCtl~ ~ G1dlev Wcdve- e : \;.

'f ql \.Jeo ne.cee~oo1J do dD-~e effiE'- b7He, (QD 1E'3-J cqtoJn t)umb~J) Ii C If

°0 hou.Jl8 "b WOIiQe <DfJ t:f he Dlui d <1~sjer"t • I~


-7" (k)tn.: de2;Q1n~ of.. rnode9ln LrH~ICO O291e peJ1Q(Qjded wH-h o. Ii·
v U U Ii f"
<BwSOBj tro tSerse tJhe p<9le2SUJJe d91 0 p (tc,rm-co the bl/ fe3J . Ii . ~
I: ('il'­
tQ.Qllrch. ItDca.Q~ed (lp. -fetf--fCtQ<? bilfe'1 > I: '
!i C'
Q. ~£~~o;:~ b~ t:~~. I Co
!I
i~
I
i~
c II.1 C,
1\

~c:'
It

i1~

I!~
!

!.iC
IiI'
1'1'-.

Ii
4> 'in Uhico dhe PQ/Q1,Sl9J)~ lQJne.. ncf/l Q lCeniW] i cwd [Ic
un tor0t :::c
,Ii

U(Q c.onDe..d<:d' bc0Jcu.QQ.J bCJLO~Q() \..the h fCV h t)(9J~Wle.


==='
It'
Balaji.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru
&~
('<».
<,
HYDRAULICS AND PNLUf\1ATIC'S

r Cber-~l~'u-he
il )
lQQ01tJJ11) CtfJd &1 dhe &mD pC71e2.~t£5)e point Ca:t -dhe.~11
eo tU5) f
I

!I \() e :

II '7 F010to) lfhe BV1IJb1Q.£fl i


~ LtheGOj<?® J o on "lPen1Lt'7}i the.I !

!111JQ.rocH~ 8nc~eme$ ltQh;!.,,~ dhe- PC91 e9.~(lS)e.. <:t-90pCO ~t POlot B CIJ. Ii

Ii tomptt",)ed do poini A Un uhe p<9JeJ,~t£J)e liOE 0 • Ii

II ~ HOl(,!QV~SJ \Jhe ptc; e2,St P5;1e


l tS1ecocoeJIco o:f r OIOT c, G!J Ii

i \.the lQeLouf~ et9JO/xo ClLcaajf} flULtQocH~ ,,~ Ii


VO vhe 0c91i9J1rxtl
~
Ii '-t 6Jnte, fhe f=x3!e3:SU,3Je ~ poin-f e. Uto- Livwe3] than 'I
~
II tlhctl ct;f paint A ~I L'Ie.o.:f~ a p<9JWlO)e dibbe.9Jw-tJaJ O'LCrOCOQ) fhe.
I

~
:b1He.9J cl eInQ1J1 o II

Dcue VO 0hi{(j f::x91eJ.l 3 lIeJ e cL·bb~Cjen('e) Lit ~GW~ @Jme


-7 II

;)
CQJo)oun1 ~ bU,.lA dd9Jcuoll Lfn(9)~h et-h~ bil-ff-91 QL~ doe. tQmfU911 I

~
I uohrcj) d (() dlJ fx910\::> OLOJ-HDrxJi! tID uh€ PC)I~QC1J e ci,i bG0J1en('~) h<ux e the
~ ocone P\9l0Po~1+-jODaf b,HeJ) o

~
-'? .Thu~ @DUO ct p(S1opol9Jiivn Cit 1he btuld C(jeJQ5 bil-f~'J}~d
~
QQhfe 19l es l cb C9\ecluo paRse~ l~h dne 'X9)e2>Slt8Je lJAilf. t~tJl~h ttve.
~ 1.0 QfJl t9JJ 1 0

~
;:,
~~:::~~~~ ~ b~~ O~-7"
, Gt enQ)l~ dh e D()cJJowin'O \lh~€.c CL9l e l'fhe.. CDmX~0() ,

"'~ &o~cJtom n~ b(h~Vj In a Iud~Id-U..Q)c.. &O&;te.m ~ I

:J I. '1n~cd')e @) 9nUne. b'iL+e.J1 @ dc..ldion &ine. rHO),


o
& 0 p~ e-.8s,li'l e Jj ne bi U01
~
2. ~d'LQ.9jn Uhe.b i L-f e5j ,
;).
I~ c~~:~ ~~ ::.,~ b~:~ ~ ~~~1~)n .~~. b~~f-,~~:~. ~ '7
<~

:J
~
'~

~
;J
'"~

::J
iF
e'
~ ~TJ l~hl((1 d-he biliV] J.-ecC'tkd
1\
Ii l!CO
~-,
i
II
6J1DCvY) In c.dbDUJe biG" C
)1
-t ~Q1JqQU~. Sf lko Q. dSJOion d:ft3Jet"lne51} l dna; ~01b4edcof}-he
"IIJj ~
"II
11
,:
pump ~od ~:rfheJ) ~11skro) eDmtx")nen~c<> U'_J') om Ia'?11f e (fSJ Q) Z
:1
OOh '\am j no.n1co Ii
i
Ii
D
II e'
ii Fine biLfe.--~(:> a9Je Dol &occde.d cln c..-+he !6X-fdfDI') une 0L~ /-he Ii
II

191('Slt~~jhCO l~e.cJ.d' eIX'C€£~IYe


D
i'
i
Ii
pC.":;)E.sSU9!C d9)Df;> mati l-to tQCtC'('C(1'O) Ii c-
C
I'
n
i/
I
cU dhe. pttxn r L1nle.:fo.fl d L9JUtQJ~ u o
o
C.C'tWi7Cd
j
ron pe9)D~QlO>A,
I,
ii·
-"'7 Thtt~ uthe CluQ:1
L
,on f!"
uU o e. b l1 eJ1(()
r
d d
(2Q1e. e.2,t1j t1e. . do () tv c, o,
I:',
Ii

I
'I
c1 0 -c f':"1 <.3' o:>J cbl.,p, uph feh toi [J
Q no i a bbe cl <;1 he bu» diD'"n~1 (",
Ii m~ dhC? pump.
II .

I &~ ~~=~ ~,~~ [/~J~: ry­

I
,
~
II
Ii
II
il
Q
~
Ii
t
Ii
I'

!I __. - - ­
-- - - _.. ---
....
~1 "
II
~. --- -" -.. --- :::
I
II
il
I
I
~ P<9/dlSLt9l' wne ~ ILj <"JrIl Cl9J e <10 ca.; ed cd i h e f tt,.., f ~
-H e-~ i·€ QD~ e3-J LthQ .["x1.mp @t Mvt.(.lrI In be CO I
I (t2U

-"I <plteJo b1l1qn rot' d":!.f1jhe d do


0 . . .

$/Ul"lOl1e biDe sie.« I:


CDn-l0mJiron-fco God f0L01E'.-dco dhe C£'D<k'Y1Vt 1CdJlBe and (ld(..Q.a.:IO(')1CO~ I ~
.J, ~.I nee u h tilu re] e JccQ.l~ e dun cJ he
rh Cll eJl-SU'!) e. Cine ) ~:
Ii

,
Vh
u Q"lje abo U~Y6)E.J (!J~ i·ti~h pt31mu.-CJje biL-fDlRl .
...., 6'.in<ce UheeJ f,CUlIe ti~
li!~
tv,
H1s-1ood hfcah fc9IeJ!SU9IeJ!, I';'
! \H)~ C'fO)~i be 19tobu.s4 In wns·le7J LL~i CHi. iii!'
I -7 ihes-e &11·/ VItO 0GJ e ~ W,9 i \P e . Ii I'C

I IllC"
II ~
II I' r-
Ii I!~
L _ 'A
Balaji.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru

,­.
:J HYDRAULICS AND IJNELIMATICS

:J
~

~ f>ducdot.9)
1CctJ VeJ1
!'
~
II.I'
:') Ii

;) -...­ i
- ....
II
~
~ i
I
~ -:., ~f) d h ico Lth e. b't l} ~ Jro Lit) csxJE'.-d t1n eth e
tJ G1 cltJ.')f) Un e. r.-e CLfJi VI J-he C't-dt9-Qt k xJI and P4;0c.91 e. Joe..- da.nlc otP

~ dnowo in dbcw- b' ~ 0

~flJnte dh~ (X)Ot'l L~ Lin dh E' tlDLO P<:91e2S U 91 e l')J e}U711)


~
;)
\JJ n e I dh~ CQ"1 e otDco 0 l~ epo)e d (]jl. J.v to pC91ess U3) e. bfL1 Vl.C?J 0

:>.
-7 UgUQU1j I dhese Ull-fOlQ G.'3)E d Q£j9oecJ Llo nG.tQE' ~
,:) hi~ h pWJlsWle <bop, and d nwe 0.91 ~ 'lSJe.:>! 'd b' h Q91 01[j """ •

~ . l' 10 ~ b' L101& 0 19/ emo VU eLU '-Jne u..~CQ9J lX-QOjf jd ~

:J (on{c~Jnl ncmico t9I eJti91 ()'ln~ bC3lorn J h « Cbn}G1o 1 tQ ~VQ» em d d he

~ ~s t ~fO)~

~ ~~~~~~.~~
;> Fi HVJ(i) 05L e. 191 Ctled eLc-tOO1di oCt) do dhe- dmatl (2. ~ ,

~ &'Ii'- CllfJ j=li1d <u cI h "d urn dOD /:> . I


J Fi HQ)j t3'1C\t~ 0<0 ~ Wed tJo be ~ deo·fjVie.d ~ nomln2t11
;j ~nd CQbsot~e LQCLQU~ lC(n 'fO)IO!Drnd'01l> !

~ A ~ i If UJ with (> no mi n:-J.1 19loj I n~ <0 I IOey In J co I


~~ ~ro&>.d to 1<9ta.p "t 5 "/. tDi th<e eni'-'!l""~ 1="1+1<./ <.,t ~<'J1eak'J Jha'l) I
'3 lo J.1 m ~ n 6lcl3e. • ~

~
The etbgolW€ \9lctf.'n~ 191e-pt91e-gffi'f~ the &Se. (CD ~hl( Ii

:, tQ
.ro; C(J~f
~
(l) I'W
"
"'CO ® P0ClJ·

U r> lfH D' Hq 0;) d '/h Wl 1hdi ccd <t 1be 1a.?J~ ••~
II

"~ l&~e pu1~rde 4jho.:!lmuc{ PC1~S tfbt9jO~~ h uf"x:- V'H·Ie9/ ~


:) Balaji.V, Lecturer in ~1echanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru ----·=~~""~~~'-~"'-·"'·,··~,~S=i.

:)

:)
=~=========~~===H~Y=L)~~AULICS
AND PNl:::UMATICS t~
r '
II fl b~~q pc.Q?1C\md~cf DC"X9l e2.tCQ.bU<s. nin co hOe:D WQ.9J a b1/1'25) 1G1CQPJ.! t'.;
i pCtC'I1Kf'e J'eo CCQ..Q,fed B~.ftllslCdro ® Bdo. t3)Q11 IITJ'" C,,,

i\ ISdn 19/ec.-Ilo <?qLQ.OJ~ dh<? nurdx"/ 00 Lo..psf'c9)e_am (peQ'111)(,le~ (OD ;~.


I'TI\C'iectkj elcf',e tnan N ,LIm di\Qided bed dhe Olon be) Cb dow ns1(3)EG "J I:
i pe-te,nick.fi Cfl9IEctiQ.l '10 Sl03Q {hQd) 1\.1 ~Im (u9he..<;1E f\J 1ro thQ '~dedecf . I: L..
V Ii
Ii Pa:i111CJ e arv e ·~·PtS,) +h ~ QI i 1P ell ~ Tl-/ el • T h \co (31 cd JO t{ vo ~l e~ls KYc> 0-1 ed bcrJ Ii e
~ V U V I C
1\ dhe D°\.l(l?tO'~ equ.nfroo . . 1\

I U I' 1 C
'I:' Sdo l9 1c:rl'IO : J~O (Db 'l(r~(9}EC1tn p091-hCfQ.,€ (Q~ SiiSe '7N..tJTO).~"
IJ. ~.

I
I

No \9t df:llf:losb!mm jxt,,~ldu «Jb S;" ('7 N "-'''''I c


I A gxjl) \9Jm/o CPh ' would ""€a,., uhcd no pCt,,~ icieJt Ill:ove I\;.·
i U-O( Cif1u'p1e.d ~1<0€ l\J CQ.9)1?- \Jt9japbe.of 6tJ dne. bi l ~~. '1 ~
il
!
A B Qja. ~I ctl f D (9 t
v
50 ffie.an(O d hct1 5 D PQ9I~' cP t.fi Ct'Je fc~)1 GppE' d Ii
II
C
' II
Ii '0 0\91 ~lQ.QJJ ~ (Qh e ~ Q)~ Vh~910W(J lj 1h ~ 0j H t91 • Ii C
Ii
II \l~
I
ii .!

I ~ 1('"
I Ii gelQ e.vb'cJ~o"'d 'l('dJt.\~ ~ CDiI1~ ~b(ci"-O'lJ) eat> Ie
III be @htkdcd W1n~ t;\h€ bOlCOIDirxv eLjU-CChDO, iC
I I',

I g <d 0 f€ Ib icien~ : ~ (()D ups'lcsrolQ) ~ (Q DdDwosfcvonJ Ie

t:'a3J h c:1 e~ Pcc-Yh d UJ i .

- ~ C

~ (1~ 1QfS·IC9~Qm f)Ct"?hC'fe~.


~,
II ' "

: !\.~ <D~ LQP~1~COT) i~


~ (b~ dbtD()S~QI1) I
PQ"lJ fldell.
Pc·t1) -hd (!).,
"-----~~~ lie
fIv~ Q ups-lC9Jeon) (\({!l (0 D 'ltfSf0leQ 11) i:~
D
PQ"l7hdeJ p C(:'J -hd es, I,
I
l - I::C
g~fo \91cd10 .
IeC
I:
II
b~~~=.--~~..~~~~~~=~~=~~~~=~=~
Balaji.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept, SSEC, Bengaluru
=_-C
~b 'C­

c:
HYDRAULICS AND PNI:::Uf'vlATICS

~
I - tfe.nC'e. Ct hi/--leYJ LOitn Q Sdo \9jcdJO (Db S) LOou.. rd ho..f...o(" an
,,
~ II.
II

"

:1
~]hKJQJJCtj
doe.. lSe:fo.l9tcd10
9J
1/

L
t - ;0 : qg--",!."
dhe hj~fxvJ ®e gejo e.pbfOef)~
tty}Om) 9LLGLtion dhe ho.l?Jhe.--:}

~ '! 10 e aLes) CO nedl 06) g 2D : 50 i ci em J bQ.jS


f Cl P Q'7JW f ~JQ5 e <f:Jb ,
;:)
Ii $) LlHO) ~ ex 13 do cst cdro (f],~ 50 ~ bC5) C1 Jxl~1 j CQJJ Q9f 'b H~ Ii
'
D

!: I Y II
~
II ThtJ./l Cl de.£lcona:Hvn <r:>b B;LO::- SD dlDeqn(O d-hQ:;f q~i· ®~ the [I

~
~
I pOL"J1Jde.t cna'1'Oe9) dm" ~'D ''lIT) t.COuJd be 1VJapped IxrJ <:the bi Ii q>1
~ ~~~~ ~.~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~~ I

3 Gj QU e.f, ca.n bQ PC91 e..gen + D'n a hRo d91 CU-lQJ C btill d @ rl) I

~
&f)~ (QtnQ..91 LQJqu.ld qn c:thc91e~ ®~ ~ R..9jee BiCS1 I

:)
Eh1t9J0l1 ned ~~ I

~' . , o.,A_
1~~1 : ~ ~j~~!!~ ..' ,
1:>; COGO l ved BiG] "
I
II
i

~
',A,,'_ • I':I'I!

.3
I fllOI enm ~dClJj un Q b<9l e e. [""dee) &oca:l eel a:l I

I ~me -hJCO'h p%f ®.b LQ ~d9I~uQ)c &oslem C ~QJ..Qh CQ-€ l:th~ hillhe.£J­
::J
d med I 00 mt; 1Q' i lV<'(l Pj pe.Qi De )

Q 0 I

Thko n(91E'~ QQ..iL51 cl'fbOJ e--,x";co1ed t.io tJh~ <i-rf~IUO) tohe()


3
.~
til U;oc<jl urJH1Cl.U~ D111e.J @ wCS!/! IfK91 med due do Qil9j btwblefi In 1

I
~
lth~ ~~(JH~~rc bcuJd 19iicoloC[j Cinfo line Dc9Je~ pocJr~" II

~ K9Jee cr..~GJ Cern CQu~e ~:lfJe. rud&,QW-1C OU-t!d +0 I'


4 IP0Cc>COQJ (). tolLQ..c:h LQ..DtD~1 &hbb0e.sj, CBuJK modtdu/) I C91eJut~)n1r 84) Ii

c~
l6Ponqrt~ and UIlJ~CQb[~ COpe.9JeQ:Hoo on ~ ~QuQ)c. CUJtu:dtllJJCQo. ill,:

~3 il l.,i J (.J" rCJ

II ~~~:L7~~- ~~ v-~ Ii
'~
I EI) -1191 aU rx>-d 11 w, f-<'. ~- ClJ, lxttbl e.,: If)'/ iN n th <'. I
'3 ~~u!lc bCuid cliU (C"'je.aled 30 tfCDO ~ 0 I
~3
81<31 bub blep Lee)) be CfH'..c:d ed lt0fJ e.n +-he bLotDio.n~ i '
lJt~'1_ct~fu~J]tuJd ~CDe.eJ)(()
-~;
C-tj(9J CQ-t-d cO{) q bC5J1ce IJOcK£-{ C'Jm CCt"f(JIiey. ji

'3 Balall.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, B e n g a l l l l " l I ­ -, -­ -­ - &,';:


'~

-:)
r " U'I=C'~t=!JJ~n=~~d~he=b~J.~Ct~;d=S=JS~C':le=O~m~(J=~====
HYl)Rf\LJLI~'S AND I)NI~U[VlAIICS
- I; p.."""

Il

II
~rrlqClin "cd
Qd £00 0. a
u
~ ('gO /xCUYj t.<Qh en \:I h r p9"C.!E t ' 1", C.
: cblD pcu below lin e 1J2ftrJC:u0J 1)t9) e<2£ttj e (f)v +j)€ fHdck9J QuQJc Oeu fd 0

i l<.fhe n uhi", hctp/>2n/i, bubb LQl ((J.b h.1ietc1c."r1 ( bt" I d ,'"

IU1C1.jmu'1 c~., e k d LVI hi t!"'" (t"1j'cet j r) blJ.')d &.f~ eo m • ( I ~

I Gn i~c(lY1cd ~ as q; <I@~~ CM Crrul, e I "..


II C-CttQf ·b.i'Jon pe"'lO ble~ un rumpcu
aod tQ.cdv(u~ i C0

il 't:nit9~~h<:cl COct5'Q.J CCtn C-tQso ~<9}<:CdLV 19/<>c!ucQ the. ~driliJlci c .

I *lJ.'lC'I.n e.Wditle bUf/'. mod utUj!, l.31e."u w n9J do G-~o0'VlJ ood WJS-!a.bC,! c.

;1 ope-oryeti'fon <Db ~cklCttt.l~ c CU~QCdOC9}lO.. c,


'
I ~ I J ~ ,
I 'D10J(Q(i YeOJ CiJ\0j ~,.,.

I
1

..
~VVV~""""""" .......~ ~

piaGlb tued ail9) dOd' no! tl9)ecd Q,i C'M'(J p<9l0 bC€.m in
I h-~deIQ~t.QJC &-1fS'femt ~~ LWtI~ Qp toe mhSl 19je-ron~n~ dtcocoo )v<?d
Ii t " " tr ~ b uh~ dl
J 0

0
t<JW)e.l1 bed a.i(9) en ""'<Ii mol "V
C<> 00
I'
B0 ufl on I H bOO) roxo b u Q) bt ~ «f n -j h ~ h.Quets1 CQ.QLQ) C Vlo.tj d Q rx.1 th ~ ,
i be- CflroJej1 w·Ic9ICQ'mcz.cf cl'~OJ "
I ~
II ,~ The mmOLQf) { ebb (]J~ fuCC1 @j) be d r(() (.() 0 l.e,Q ed 7n 1h e I
Ih ~dei ~ bliti d L Ci r>Cff~c.s<l~ t.OlllJ j:x.9j~3ltj e am d d" evecsse £ t£l?th Ii ~
!' tJ dOJrblGr,U9)C:" !
lie
II
I ... Th'U,t mi<1foolu..d Cl.1191 lt9Y II Inrne (J)uf «Jv <WltJ:ljon Oi./J 1<:
Il:9he jX9I0lstoje de e. em (jJ f!JJ lit>:> l!<'.nJpe 'I c.<1t.l'le 1norroJ <D 0 I~
I , ~~

~
II To &tQ~;d pltm p C-CUQI~(j:f ion J pump IODU)(J.D~dU91f2j;1d'&:f;e-.ci b~ C( ~ '.
Ie
U
Ij'minimu.rm allt<J[X).ble lQ..CQQunn j:t91e;sUJje cd tH7Q rum P /lIle.f poaH ~

II, pmed bn the ~CJ\I pe 00' blLLi d


pu.lO)r~d ') -roe rOlo~imUm (Dpf.9lcdirx:'A
bel o9J
'(JI~
~'~.

,I

1<1 QJT)f"'Ie<I '-"'I e cmd LJ be 19j();/ed p...m p cpe" d • Ie


III The. bW JOwi n~ 19i ttl Q} t.Cr II wn k'io J ® e.t""' i 'D:]Q J)U m)o 1,\ .

I ,~
,,~ C-aU2~ ~ c,dloo bu b)t:e..hiYlc;i
'-] y u Uhe ~tQ.Q..j1 DO v~
hC\Je..~j,~f etboue rhe 1.QC~j;Ju..n'/ Ii'
C,'

t ~Y2-23CtJ]L «;1
ri i'

+hc flU-tid ~-t _~~~~=~=~~~=='~


13Rlaji, V. Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru on­
' ~
1-1 Y LW, AU U CSAN l) I)N U.I i'v\ f\ TIC S
r-~~~~· ===~=======~~==== '1
10 \'jeep 6'Lutlorl cQlnQ ueJJvuhep PdolD J 0 Ii) r<>/s I
&.. neer ru.m~ dnle.,~ ~?oQ$ cu: (S.nocwr (]J! POSs,1bLe. \
1

. l
1

<3. n i n 1m 1<!3 e. tlhe numbe.oJ <r2V


0itJ)DC(j ~ dn the. pump ?hle1 Line -II
~ ~1°uo~ dhe pump o.p e..Ws<:
c:.Q.~ po(Qcolble- 00 dhe t9jdO}\po101,
'I

Jr. !i
j .
rum}') dnlQ3. bU -J e51fO @) &r6/011he7l,£
ji II

Ii 5. U,sE (Pee /JCS/es,SUClJf CI'.9/0P II

Ii s l)&e Qt pG10Pe..lUd de,gjCUD~d (91e.-SCJt901l9j dhctl It,,'11 (9lemOUL~ the III

.i (CnblCimed C'91l9j b~lom ttn~ blLDd b~o<91e Ui m1eYi{d t-h e I

I pttm p d \J tQ.-f UI oe <>

-;( " LJ 8. e. pel 0 ~~}J mr tiM t9l <:.CXJ mmcwd e oJ b 11 un e. pu.m p mQl)U~CQ.d _ I

lP}Q.?11l

~ ~ Inee.p Lthe cn.r I tJWJP~ICt:t u-~e fj-SJOIO) eJ)(cee.di 9) tJhe t9je...wmmC'J1­


d ~d 'aO)crilmum Lfe..mr~ctltQJ)e. le.veJ'D .

~=~ ~ ~~~ 1~'lJ~ ~~. ~~ ~~~~. ~?:'~<:~e ~~Ct~)J~~:':


I

I -> fill ~<iqQu0c blWd B oootoiin


&ud l'JDo1a>minatiO()
i ti~ (O()~ de.~ t9Je.e @ Qrdhq" t;:: 'jCe.£$lve. (3oLid C!on~amJrDrrJ f, 'Tn +h e
(1 I

~ '1~(~.uti( ,O~d LOill Cili.L£e ~0le.maJU31e boJlV31<:. 0b <:\['e£\ 0t-C€_QJ~tt.v I

:J I des ICV ntd ~ I~ (tlw c ~Si ~ s . e:thC' 0{; +h e


ce:t.uJc=d tn ~ O(3J p(91 Dbl em ~
..~
w b~ Goud CIDn10-IOlinG.n-lcd Jrq +flO:f tth~ jx3iWeJ)f dtJe. hrJcu.rllL bLu.id
~ I b010m ~blcidJn1J PC3t0PE9l LlubC)/icaVfon 9J rn ow n~ J n'IOJrxx-! fa.7)~ro
~ . Qb YL~ckl~~C c.o'l'Y)Fon e ntn oo.ch ~ pLQ.m(jxv I ktJ~CU.J.iC rnbfccr1J3 I

~ I 'LQQt yeJ> a..nd ~dl£a.iOL"JLl5-eo

:J
~
~
I
~
1\

~ II

II
~ ii
,~ i
I
~
I
Lect~lrer in ~7:1e':t:ch~at:::lic:-:lalrD~er~)t.~,S~S~EC~,~B=en=ga~lu=rLl~==~======~===·J .
.""

,~
Ji3alaii.V,
&g
::>

:;:,

F~- '. n • _. • • •_ _ T H Y lJ 1\:~\ U 1~:.~'::2:~:~.~~~~~~I~~~~~~I~ ~~


, Aco C&n eJl{(J(1O) pte ~ 9 QQJ:>OIJl~ 6XXX0S 0- h..~tcb,o..Ltti C L(fU hd QJ) i C" ~ -s

\\~tc.tln9 0 L9jcdroJ eJeC\<"!Gnce bQit(Cle.en d'-h( pOGJE' Cit fhe cxdundq g i c.;;
i l:!he p'iro10 \l ' co QQxl o ) es.u Urx:bl ic c J ~u.."))btt(:e" <;' I; ~,~
Ii Thi co Di1fL~I( 6holQU dhe ~ q; u nd8 7 Ccoje ~rqtrcc. i fii'\'

Ido be LOOOJ!j OlO0I q ~i~W """. <1"""'il+h dVie do ",(<]$'1\10 &lid iii, ~
II pCC"liltte. Cbn~eclQ)l red IBn o~ the bl W d " III c
Ii Th;/d pGIO btex)} l~ ~ picaQJ1j mEn-nCO LHxiJ wan neJco ~ c ~d I: C~
II r
II dhao~h -the. &u;Ie5J 6J:t."1bctee <Db the weed Ctod dincd (?j<9l0tJ VeR OOje cnl Ii c..
I «niD clhe ~uod"t tooJ' IiL'"lF'ce. I r;.
~ Thic<> LOe.~Ct c..CUlSe.J\ ene..-S3l19( LYn1qrx:L! LfJ€.~~, fC~~tgen1n the 11 ""

i"lJ U() de<:J ~O/ om po'"; +j 001"1) - WJo:k ~ G1D d <9f "8LttJ n Yn /X3t eJrl=109J e. I..
I' ~ C.i ode..-, ,"-(til us,e ~ I! I;;.
U V [I

ie,
I 6'l'1ud C§lohlnq"C'f)J", (ao be dCQJ81bkd "1J clhi'l9j cipe OJclcdiC9< IC
I dod h ~ d eQ"jc"Oco bel tOeen <:Ih( mtJlQi"'(j PaJ1!cu OV o h'J chJouJiC I~
Ii oompOf)e,o·\. &'ten ~~ ~(ach::d deet9Ja.rx::..~ bdltx\'.o lne pico)-on t€ boc~)e 0p t-he 'II ~
'I uoundet . ~
I Th 0/ ~ Cl9t e.. l.+hl'J ee 19l e.kd iVe 6} is e.~ : SIOJOtQJ e.9) th on, e.q Llil~ {-o/ ~
I
I &fOJQUk9j ethan ~

L"""'Ii en trot). I"

II ,~v-.-~~~~ Co n~ ~lQ)i lX'U11CO u hC\.1 ~ql e 6'rnatl Q.9) dhan fhe


C
Ide G9j ewe e CJ>n co\lett Ur-xo ide 11x c1eCl"J orx e l.lJlhen th e "'d d9J awQi c c
II U <:oj li od", i (1) rbt o p<-"j ai i'1!· Theil e mot om; nan 1'" b I 00; 10:>"ium i I• C' ~
I blow Jh(910LtC(jh 0he.. cJeo..9jCQrxe Lt9hex) c-Vtinde...'1 o.c:ll~.n1jbdl 1ft ;o'Hic(kd,rt=

I ~~~:. . " I,"


~
Ii Crol)t()'~lflcm1 Q
c , dhe l!ctme dJi3e CQJ ethC' CJea1QOCQ t

~, <9t lib <MjJ CJ'I nSI ~ f,e med '0'li &"" 1M e.II • caw1°'0 o, ~ ero: do", () ~ n ihe i, Ij~
!i bL'-tl ~ Ll~!lccr::\Ih~ b"rn u ' . 1:,1('
f ,(

it ~~~ ~~: Il!c

~ LM1CVe. c.on~Gf6)I}D.nf{O U0'10)Ve71C2 lOlth tiUbL<)pcct.tion b~ !:'

l~~~· tll.-xv O-J ttl<" e.l>.j",)<m" de L; hE: QIeCD) ceoc. ttl) d bloc ICI "'iJ J-ltt.i dl1LDw 1~

Balaii.V, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC, Bcngaluru ..20

,~

'"
,
~ HYDRAULICS ANI) I.lNL::UMAIICS

,
b~r(DQen cthQ mat-IItC(] ~W)~e.tCeJl 0

I
., 'i

Ii pi(Q/on Qr>d CTJ(jrxJ~'l


'I iJ CLddr+ion
wt9l(
\.:fa doe L~r)'k") ncxJ J ~CQ.to-~ c. Wween +h~
a &1 mil~ tDe~ cmel Jwt~e pob\ em
I
I
II
II
~ II Con oCCilll CLCJjotQod dhe e,od QS'eo1 ~'b ~he_ ~d9)QQJ.QxC ~undeJ1 b'
I,
II
,I
Ii
il ,
I

~ Ii Th in lL-',(!L~J ~ocb_tc~ aJ) e.~<U1 hC.tf J ectlc~:l..~ e c+hQ{ c.Wy


:J !!c C7)eCd e o, mu,s,Tj tlea.tC: ~~ CDe..tJ af, beCiDmE' Q 6.CQ.be~ haQ3a91d fo
I 0
;;> I pV1GJOnrnJ U h dhe CQ.'J} e Q '"

~
I ~ kt~Cl,"] <rJ
n rnOlQ~n0d pc~d(J do do dn;c()C0n1Q7m~f)~JCl1)
i) IIJco <nne <O~ +he nnrJ0~ l3jem2DDro b061 Lfh~..&e bci1llOJe,€ 0

I .
~ I '~t~~~,,~ ~~ie~~ ~-+
I
;;) , . 'ernpeJ1cdtOl<'. cn~ dhe lOC6t£dh'fj btt0 d cUQJO J0tytfe'DCRJll
~ tth€ p~DtJCJm(U)ce cmd hence cpbicl€"f)~ <9'D cthe ~d9,a.uti c <tttgk m . I
~ I
bces£ive h~aJ ~ rl"7Jcdttc~ un<: bJ<1da~fon fD the bCte.;d l\
O
:> O>.m (SjeducCl! 'Tn '(QI lO (l)dJ1 'd. Tn i co L1 eO\<ln <:10 d oj eOG1~jon ~ 8eoJt1> II
~ &od PCte.rclncot C1nd etcr clOOlCt k j1 dh<: ltJe..Q'J] be:kc€.e.n dCJ(d~ mQjlf ncu I
::) ~I t~ crtQ.Lfr) C~. 'LQa.tV<21l J rltmp:o cmd C9-c..tULoJOGHo ~
~ ~lmiL~9JUV U010 JempqajJLq( ~ the bCLQ)d crnuoeG£~
:;) J-neW(Ot~xo,j{~ 131 esUQ:fjnCO UD ®m CO-/] Jx'(De9J) tcoc9J t9[e5!>poncoe e>b

~
dhe. bltLid BJq ntbfmn1 B-()~ u..« ©b heoJ 1'ndud e$ DOJ~) ~) f:>e1 e£s.c.qe
0

~ I \9tete.p VLO-tve,B (?Qf)d bCnto csx: 1C)10 I 'lQccl Vei, 0

;:, ! . ' Hence lfe.mreJlttlO9je eJD0 k"n 0 I OCO an umpot9d(Qf)f

:> t;,c-dOl\)l lto be CIDncoide9je.d do l"O/CQln-tCO-JO dhe. b~b()Lj)tQXID(Q <md

:> ~Db'fdQo~ C9b t:the 1L~cl91G.UQl( ~s1e.m cr:r ufO! ~arilmum vle\J dt1>
;)
The dh\9je-e wmlO1D 0 U~r(B 0b d eQQ] C'<;9J wed bOC91
:;) ~\f)~aJnin1J Jtx (Dp~odl~ uemp01o:ftt'j]e G-b d~ b~d ,CLo,e c:;

e.. tl'eade..-~ (()


::>
b <> 8 h9t CDO Ie3I co
~
C., . ~\c:~:fCl CJ) 0 feJ/Q; .

Q,~·H e.c.d e:1j co :7­ l


h<?-c,deJ1 JC(}- unndClU ecJ
o 0
I
I
"-.AJ'~--"'~ f) n e1 e-dl3Jicad ~II if) the i.
~ .
i:

l L:1ltl~l~oi~1 'bela LO dh~ Je..~d ©-b bls.it d and dLbf;e 10 lhe


l~~=t~~,:~,~~:,J
Balajiv, Lecturer in Mechanical Dept., SSEC. Bengaluru
~\
'~

=~=====~=~~=~=~H\{l)I\i\ULlCS 1\1'-:1) I}NI:U~.)AI =~'='~'~'~"~~~'--'-~~~~~


les t"_~
~

r~U~ l~p""to~ h~ e9J


..,. ']

::" IJh Q Lth"'JYO)o<ifc£1 I c amfC11 DII"'J h<ecd -t he blu:, q ~~


:1 tfJl'i hecd bt~")J n I no uf"
II ·u ~-
Ii
II
FI"I:..'71 coolCfJCO ~,,7'
~'-" .~~,-- . . . -,'J,-" 'J~
,e 1

Ii Af~l Coo( e.91CQ <:9."r} e c..~r e-I!ro/ve Cf:Jok'?j an d poWO) (it. i

1l9i eq'<11) led (9~


G'f e J" J a.s uo tl w 00m,lx.91 c d "' 0 tocd eJ) Ccol "'J.
<:I D "', ~ .

II The ~ blU),d \.lco pumped uhL":'IOULC(jh dttb~ 101CtQ<;: (0p c~Ju,mj niUJ))

Ii C9b @) &®me &ihQ.;] meJctl PDlOC9.j de d wl'+h ~nco Of) utco GJJJ)j bo. ce
0

,I
Ii t-['ecrf pl")jE.3en-1 J'n dh'f blUJd lfro dCJc~n-sb~'t9J<?d ~ ceo tth€ ou..-JOj c.
1\ &"1 bc< ee ~b clhe LieU, e crnd Li'" di illIO j r01:1 ed LJ 0 Oll mDS pOOle 1:x:J i ...

II bLDtoinco crUl9J bt.5Jorn dhe teol€.9J " !i "­

Il'Aie l cnol~ CC8Je ~ Je.ss 4Jti


ci Jh2-m wo:'~ C-rofVl$1 ~ en+
I!elnd d~od d--o be So e~Dj c1Jve. in e.n\t1I91t)~oJ ~:tb hiooo (J21O) bje.f)~ ~ ~ "
I' t:kmhtU'1 oj tq e ~ c
~
Ii,'

I ' J . '1

~J cd Q51 (£o! e:'l (u ~ ,+ c.


I ~~~~C c~-~~v
Ii

\ J
klCd<9J emU'lJ Lin, Llhe mD0f wmr6lolJ mclheJd
Co
II

I~
IIi ~ ,
IlemrLo~Q.C/ bOl"J teo Inev (lQOtd ~O~:km 9:/ c®rxoicoko «1tJ (1heu OJJd fh<.
Ic
0

'
I eJ< elJorf)) ('1] lmh leh i Q bitkd 11n Uhe t9j drnm &i rie. do dhe Jonl'i o
I CD Id ooetf "'J Lic<> pres ed cl fJq0 l"'iJ h Lthe d llbe G.WOJ OW) cl" d P ~ hot Ic
Ii bl Uid " ~a'I(01 8n dhe <D.~I)(XOr}e di,\9le.d l o n 06 i~ bWl~) (Jo
b(DCOCO ~, it

I bLQ£I d cmd . U'O ' cl e5/lQ)Qd (J2f. Loun -) <?31 bto to CJD~ Ie9J +t e. <£jj (S}{ uno ve d' ~ c
0

I bet om ttJe bus~d bCO wede9l ron be 19I~~ wcde.d d-he3J'lOlo&1cdiC.auo Ii c


I &0 tmJ nkcln d he des i\9je d ~ crof><'-">ad Lt'I e. ~ ~ ic
I . Ben dl9J ('Juhi I n9 hoi uxdO] unsi<' ad 0() OJ Id oooJq Ii
I
~
~th~ heed eLcrctnqq o. hea:l~
\1

ean b? wed Cy"p b Ii';'


i .~ .' ., , . ii-
I
I ~~l,~~~~~~2~.~ -~u.:~~t~~.~5 ~~~i~EO)-1~ ~7"' li~
ItfildslCLt~ i c &.l8k,m 1) depw<l <00 /)('>10 pC) v'
bLa to dnal Ii '.;
'i
. DGJomcrhe. r~~mp nee ES SC!!':l7J aQJc~etfoC:'111 C
II
\1 pC1e.sL9U9l e 80 fA3ll?wd e Lth e
~ mO+i on· bOl91 pl'7) OClltC'ln~ to ebttt loooll,,. 'Th OJ ebbC3Je. bloW Qrrf Jxne_g$U;f e-ii'C
Im<eClolL")eJO)Qo1Q
I,
(l",) c Jwo J""I)oedon+ lOieanto <c1J 1LOlb U b/C<S n OO1rO Oi
(J
f-e;
I'
~ .~
<. -~~-= =:,=o=-::.=-.."....-==:-==-_-:.==.=="...-=_=~====d;.
Bal'lii.V, Lecturel' in Mechanical Dept, SSEC, Bengalllrll
3~ ,.....
. ~

C'.
.
5
~
:5
ff (hlH~ lPfeJi ~1 j 0'iJ
HYDRAUUC:S AND PNl:::LJf\1ATICS

h.t.·~dcL~,o~)o.~Q.~lQ~.'~C~CJ~'~<9J~'c..u~Q.~I·~1@~~=T~eJ¥)=r~e?~~cd=U!~9I~e=u CO a lthi O1dl


il pG.."JQmr<:l~l, L~hlch J(() DL9jQ9uen-luo monj~oOlQd UQhetl dl91 ou..8 e8hooHnft
~
~
I tuvd."J QW-1 c: 9J ~
j em> . be( l l t g e 9j ~
W' c/ to Ll hL uiiIi> 00 Ii>II '1J lPb the f) ill
i UO~LG1n 0-~b~dco Je-oJCOKJ~1 PC91~O-'7J( ci-J)O/Xo oncL LOc.Q6'1flcaiio4JD !i
Ij h
;l
Ii ih~ We <rIb btvw 'hJeP~CIJ can U W. whdhq dhe pump i
:> I JQ F"'oduul'Xj /J<910Pe5l blow @ll'Jot. F'ow meek"" ean aJeoo 90dico:J<e
;.; lo.0h dh." P001l i CUJcL"1 otd ~CI:I OL'l) ~r
11Ql 19l e e.Ui "11 Ll he el(jJ ed eel If..N D YUj <
~
@ n o f o ' l
;;; !i P0j<2.SStL1 e 1O)cMU9Je..men~co <'.em (.x9JDwd € C( ~d undJeclToO)
Ii) I <PlJ Je~e P9Jobletn'O OlDQ bcwH 11 (2[)=ponenka ~ch Cl¥ purnp£, I
i:J btnD C£lr>~~OI ULa1 v·e.,g ( P(SJe2g to9J e \9f eJle.-b 1Q (}1v ~ ~~ CJjo.:;Y)~ ,,; OLDcl 1

;;, &clu-c:doC'n E~Lessi\(e Pc91~t.oIe. cblot)(~ un piperme.$ cam alcoa be


Cl

:> ddeded b1J lthe 'LQ..2e (bp PC71€£SlQ9j c m~~e.me.n+co -e,

;;> A rDeJk~bl e ~cht~ c c1t9JD-u 1 m~ooU'JJ~ fx'1d!S W]e and


~. bww-l9Icde CtOd tJ e.m/Je-'lo.:k~9je CI fStJ mnne-dl n9J +-hi co J~1e9) do et-he- Ii

~. h..~d3JCQ.Ulic cJl9/Clt.H) Ct LQ..itO~oJ rOleQJ)CO J(O PC9JDlcid~cf do ddeJ7l15),nel


,:J LtheQ.()bfd~f)9J «2 0 lihe ¥~em omd L::fD cleJe5Jmine l.@.hich CJ[)rnj:x:Jnent
~ &n ihe ~S-IQfO ~b o.n" I ;(0 not u:xx.~Jt(Ynqj p(31obee,~ ~
~ Te.sHnCV D. ~~euw(1 ~s.·km LOlth thjeo 0es~~J L(1Jocolro1co Qb tf-)<:,

'~ bo llOlO'ln9 ~.-)-

~ I 0 '1~~e plO-r61p ~LDuJ cd no- load cmnolJtion,.


.;:> &t> f)PI?UO deslt91ed pc91eJ.sU9/e tl9j·th th~ u€.j1eJJ Loa.d \Qct/V{ on
'~ eQeh ([)mpoOQ.()1 tQbinq (!2..Llf hoLO 1O)llC'.J) <Q.b th<2.- bCLti cl ;fJ
~ not CQ1Qo..ila..bl~ bO~ poweY) be.LQWe 'Pl DOl~ D€.. . .
,;)
@) F10 <D109 cUe'< J 0wq 19i cd( lxc <:'!.WI"- IDp tSeJ PjJc.<\1'( r n:1, icJ e fh<\
.;> rum p due ta l(lOOlOPC9J11a ~ !

.~
® flo toln~ bY~ ptJ1eJ>sU9j e t91 e..tie.v lQoJ 1J<Lf clue Jo W0l910 II

.~ tDQojco @) tDe.C1!'1 ® UIO)P~10~u.o 6eJ «~L9Ji~ ~

~ II ® Lemc1 0 ~ po.... t 'lQaJ \I e cpool,l. 0J..n d Becd ro bet ('j~ '0 to th, bWJ d
.~

:j
L wP r 11 19j ~eJ)'{ D1i51 «J'l~h" w ho.ui '1J
Ba!2i; .v, Lectlil'lcl' Tn \'kchanical Dept., SSFC, BengaiL:ru
19t eached the ~ n.. .'ji
- '"~~~~~~~'~33d

~
:;)
HYL)!{,;ULICS AND !'NLUMAIKS
. . . . ".~] L"
'I

II e~
@ I'OJCJ .,CC1/ ~_t'1) leu d.1I9t~d 1tJ I; c
~Dduc~d lm~ tuebuJ ;i (<c'

I
I &L ~~,~~;: ~,1t~J~ S?;p~7~~2~ S~~?~l~~~-C!~.C9'
~,1 e0.r:bGbf e.
- '-- . r ..../ ....,/.....,.­
~

1
I
~ID. 1) G)C' btQf1X0
.'-'~'-A.-."~ .,./....,'"'>...,....
CCUl.1CJJ

ol ~ N oiS.to pUIO)I P
l
D I-IY IWA LJ Lie S /\N [) I) N l:LJ[vi A Ill'S

6 ~j~:~~Q,~~~ ~~~~C:~, ~/~~c:,!L:}~~ ~~~~-~e~~~ e~~SiJ~~e


I~ PC1C bkm,2
CCktL}; e;
!~
...............- ..... ,_'....: ........~J~-'

l:---+----~::..::..--------_+------=~---~---(
@ pLQ.mp L1U9Jni~ on lOoon~
!~
i

dJl9je.dioo
~ ® fltQ.j?j LQ91€ d 'uo
ch9JCUl~ C {j De- .
;:, ~ !J,ntO off dt.QJ~r Cln 191 Ej(';JVOiL91
~ ~ PLqle2~tQ9j e t91E:.flQ.b 1.0a.hre cSt ud;
i)
~~w
;;; ® LSt3tolcen pump S.hmbt, .
;;I ® FctU tump bLOW bllpcnsed -10
~ km)) dw}o bcu-ttl ~ 'lQaJve @
;:, ouJtJt-cclCt9l •
()4~ f) c..f.tQetJ0\91 bCQ.I' co t:fo mo\['e ® r([UJ~ pump
:>
~
I ® t> rl9J ed romJ wrr/Olol Valve fail},
10 6.hlD ~ ­
-;:)
CO SlJS'lem ~~sl®)(' 400 low
::> @) De.[;e.d i I..oe ~du..cdol91.
~
~ POiOS It<"JJe t9clJ e1J LQcdv~ cSktCk (JJfen
11') Aducclo~
1------ ­
Load f co e-x-c·€.2.frve.
l'€Ocl1ed1' \Qa~\re In b02dcro91~,
050 &-IoLO § e3"1 c3lcd ft fOJoflD() 0b @ Ai01 un
~s~em
Q..Q.ktoJ 00] ® W(()(tDCOHCV ~ bUwd ttoo hj~h
© hi DGI D @) dCQIrtQ.COecl pCJjO)P
r
~ pJLm ~ee.d LJOD LQ.OlO
~ 5 xcessi ve J e.CdC-a.~ e tfJcJr D £Q.C(J Ij
CJlQft.Qctk:xm> @ ~CY1 V~ .
(f) F(lQJ.JA~ @> dJC31 ~~ bloW evn;Olol
l.Q.~Yua .
® fStocvced cQll91 b01ecdheJ) In rdOlV'Diy

~ lOw bCtl) d t'e...lSl eJJ ~n tQ e,Se..'J1y Dr LS1.


tD FcxttQ·J ~ .Cb e d: \Q.N \f e
I
I

~,
tD Pene.·d l v "? pc..9,u~lq~ l3\efiQ O \QoJ1ve,

-:;
-~

~::>
HYDRAULICS ANL) IJNLUI\,'lAIICS
--, .-.. - . ­

D6~ OIJ E.:Jj bea:J1j n9J tQt h1Jci9JCHl~1 c @J tie-a] e'f-c:hGP~~9J tll'ry Y)<:: <i 0bb '@l
nQ~d. , f C~ttH V. ' .
® Unck"IJS,fQ3ed LIDmrD~fCJ @
prlJin~ .
© ~ j) (nCll)j e d b~ud.
I
@ ~ nirnoup rof €."J1otroD COb P12 v
e \[ ~1lIDC1.(kd s11 51 f'-fO}
:
@) !
i

® B~VlYOII3J +00 s mcrtf I

'W Dt61f1} plwd, I
I
t
e,
o ~nC1deq~a:te ~tPbLtJ <Db mn 'i'n .~,

(9je.g(';j YO\ 191


(i) EXte..£si\.pC pCQmp t1lJeed ~

CD
(~oC09Jed ® 9nack q tKtfe C-Q-lY
'C"

be.9I~0dh~ .
C
Ii
II

I 'I ~
I I
I
i c:.
I c.:
I c

I b-
IiII "
I. /"
~ '-";
i:
I;
(i C
,.....
\.,.

r'Ie

,I
I,
:,
"

II C
II
~ . --.--~~=~~. '. - ,'" -
1',\laii,V. Lecturer in rllcchanicai Dept., SSEC, Bengaluru-­
, 'C'~·'~"_ •.~ •..'~._".'.",."r-'=_' " •. ' ..._ ••• ·· ... ·.'36.." I"tl\. .

c:

You might also like