2.

4 Some Measures to Spread Women Entrepreneurship in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is a heavily populated nation with limited resources and greater levels of social
heterogeneity. According to [CITATION WED01 \l 2057 ] economic, political and social
recognition is resolved on the basis of gender, class and place. Urban areas have better
prospects for business growth, while rural areas are lagging behind. About half of the
population is female [CITATION USA11 \l 2057 ]. Because few women engage in the mainstream
of economic activity, the enormous capacity of the population is unused. For example, only
16% of women are self-employed out of 66% of self-employed people (based on the status of
entrepreneurship)[CITATION UND18 \l 2057 ]. Encouragingly, a new class is growing in rural
Bangladesh, woman entrepreneurs who have embraced the hardships of life and have
emerged as pioneers of socio-economic growth, thereby earning for themselves and their
families and leading to the socio-political advancement of women. Entrepreneurship has now
become an important occupation for women in both rural and urban areas. Women in large
cities are involved in a number of small and medium-sized enterprises e.g. handicrafts,
fashion house, parlour, home textile, food, cooperatives, chain shops, ICT even to large
business to some extent[ CITATION UND18 \l 2057 ] . Rural areas are self-employed as
entrepreneurs through the agricultural and non-agricultural sector. These activities include
planting, rearing of livestock and poultry, fish raising, nursery and tree growth, tool building,
crafts, food processing, tailoring, rice production, etc [CITATION MID19 \l 2057 ]. But it is not as
easy to run these companies as they are consumed by various obstacles that impede the
development and advancement of women's entrepreneurship.

Below it is being shown some of the measures to spread Women Entrepreneurship in BD

from the perspective of various authors and their journals:

 Government should first come forward, accompanied by NGOs; SMEF to address the
financing needs of woman entrepreneurs, as finance is their biggest challenge. The
government needs to take measures to provide more funds by numerous state-owned
banks at a reasonable interest rate. Special packages may be introduced for women
entrepreneurs both in urban and rural areas.[CITATION Iss13 \l 2057 ]. NGOs, MIDAS
and SMEF should also improve their current programs to meet the funding needs of
women entrepreneurs. They should take more proactive measures to disburse loans
and fund them at a cheaper cost and on flexible terms. Commercial banks also may
 come out to address the funding needs of female entrepreneurs. [CITATION Iss13 \l
2057 ].
 Longer formalities in obtaining loans should be reduced and streamlined, as it often
discourages women entrepreneurs, particularly new ones. As a result, both
government and private sector financial institutions, micro-credit, MIDAS and SMEF
should make the system for disbursement of loans flexible.[CITATION MDAst \l 2057 ].
 Most women entrepreneurs in the SME sector have suggested that[CITATION Hos99 \l
2057 ], advancement is a compelling method to promote the economic growth of a
country. A range of developed and developing countries take initiatives to facilitate
the development of the capacity of disadvantaged women entrepreneurs. Feminine
entrepreneurship skills have not been successfully raised to the necessary level
considering the conventional participation of women in various small and medium-
sized enterprises by different government and non-governmental organizations
(NGOs) in Bangladesh [CITATION Sul16 \l 2057 ].
 From time to time, the government and NGOs issue various policy recommendations
on the growth of women entrepreneurs. These directives would encourage the
development of these businesses, whether they be micro, small and medium-sized
companies or big enterprises.[CITATION Sin15 \l 2057 ].
 Entrepreneurship courses in both formal and informal educational institutions in
Bangladesh should be launched. This would drive unprivileged women to see the
opportunity of career producers instead of work-seekers. It will improve their business
abilities, strengthen their awareness and inspire them to become entrepreneurs.
[CITATION Haq19 \l 2057 ].
 Arrangements should be rendered within the context of the private sector and NGOs
to increase awareness on market strategy and the environment. Theoretically and
realistically determining risk within entrepreneurship. This would allow them to
become more educated and to conduct their company effectively. [CITATION Ast13 \l
2057 ]. Trained entrepreneurs will easily release corporate responsibility. They will
take more chances and have access to knowledge on entrepreneurship ventures
without difficulties.
 A more realistic and need-oriented training curriculum for entrepreneurs should be
structured so that they can learn and apply their practical skills in their enterprises.
[CITATION UND181 \l 2057 ].
 SMEF, BWCCI, who are already playing their role in women entrepreneurship should
also arrange for different types of practical oriented training facilities that will help in
expanding their business.[CITATION Iss13 \l 2057 ].
 In view of the obstacle to qualified employment, NGOs, SMEF and the government
should take the requisite measures to create a skilled and qualified workforce that will
help the growth of women entrepreneurs.[CITATION MID19 \l 2057 ].
 It should be on the government's side to ensure the availability of power, electricity,
sanitation and facilities for women to succeed in the growth of entrepreneurship, as
they build a barrier to their progress.[CITATION Abd13 \l 2057 ].
 Items created by woman entrepreneurs need to be put on the market, which is often a
hurdle. Different marketing campaign specific information should be given. Private
and non-governmental organisations may play a significant role here by serving as
intermediaries. They will buy their goods in large amounts and distribute them on a
large market in various parts of the world. Trade fairs should be arranged for the
exhibition and selling of their goods, if this can be done, woman entrepreneurs can be
relieved of promoting their products.[CITATION Sul16 \l 2057 ].
 Sufficient information on foreign markets, marketing strategies, economic conditions,
marketing knowledge that can help them forecast the demand for their goods should
be made available to them.[CITATION Cho16 \l 2057 ].
 In today's corporate climate, the use of the new and updated technologies is also an
significant consideration. Women entrepreneurs need to have strong knowledge of the
technical advances and how they can implement them in their company with their
skill. For example, computers and the internet may be used to look for new products
and customers in various areas of the world.[CITATION Haq19 \l 2057 ].
 Government economic, industrial and monetary policy has a significant effect on
industry. If the government is reforming its industrial policies, taxing it also becomes
an issue for women entrepreneurs. The government should devise policies in the light
of the fact that they would not impede the development and expansion of women
entrepreneurs.[CITATION UND18 \l 2057 ].
 The National Revenue Board (NBR) can expand the tax holiday facility for woman
entrepreneurs. Special benefits may be provided for them, such as a tax-rebate, an
additional tax-exempt exemption for newly founded companies.[CITATION BBS14 \l
2057 ].
  Product consistency is an essential element in today's dynamic market. More research
and development (R&D) are required to increase the quality of their products and to
create new products for women entrepreneurs. The more research and development
they carry out, the more their product quality can improve. It will also be necessary to
produce new goods.[CITATION Ast13 \l 2057 ].

Women's entrepreneurship is not only a means of gaining economic independence, but also a
source of income and jobs. Their contribution to the economy is also important. Despite
these, they are faced with numerous obstacles to the activity of their company. Women who
are involved in industry are better off than those who are not. The Government of
Bangladesh, acknowledging the value of women entrepreneurs, has taken a host of steps to
enable women to invest in a variety of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

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