LOGIC by Christopher Topalian All Rights Reserved Copyright 2007-2021
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 1
Dedicated to God the Father
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 2
Table of Contents Definitions.......................................................................................................................................4 Chain Reaction..............................................................................................................................6 Generalization.............................................................................................................................10 Circular Reasoning...................................................................................................................14 Since No One Knows - I Do..................................................................................................18 Missing Details...........................................................................................................................22 False Connection......................................................................................................................26 False Conclusion......................................................................................................................30 False Choices..............................................................................................................................34 Loaded Question......................................................................................................................38 Distraction....................................................................................................................................42 Distortion......................................................................................................................................46 Attacking the Person............................................................................................................50 You Too..........................................................................................................................................54 Compassion Appeal...............................................................................................................58 Threats of Force.......................................................................................................................62 Be Like Us - It's Easy..............................................................................................................66 Be Like Us - If You Do X........................................................................................................70 Non Argument...........................................................................................................................74 Too Much of X............................................................................................................................76 Apathy Appeal..........................................................................................................................80 Defines Undefinable..............................................................................................................84 Lie......................................................................................................................................................88 Delaying Tactic..........................................................................................................................92 Ambiguity Vagueness..........................................................................................................96 Metaphors Analogies..........................................................................................................100 Attacking the Person Summary...................................................................................106 Types of Non Arguments.................................................................................................109 Fallacies Summarized.........................................................................................................110
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 3
Definitions
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 4
Chain Reaction
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 5
Chain Reaction - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 6
Chain Reaction - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 7
Chain Reaction - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 8
Generalization
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 9
Generalization - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 10
Generalization - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 11
Generalization - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 12
Circular Reasoning
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 13
Circular Reasoning - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 14
Circular Reasoning - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 15
Circular Reasoning - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 16
Since No One Knows - I Do
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 17
Since No One Knows - I Do - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 18
Since No One Knows - I Do - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 19
Since No One Knows - I Do D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 20
Missing Details
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 21
Missing Details - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 22
Missing Details - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 23
Missing Details - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 24
False Connection
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 25
False Connection - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 26
False Connection - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 27
False Connection - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 28
False Conclusion
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 29
False Conclusion - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 30
False Conclusion - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 31
False Conclusion - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 32
False Choices
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 33
False Choices - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 34
False Choices - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 35
False Choices - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 36
Loaded Question
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 37
Loaded Question - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 38
Loaded Question - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 39
Loaded Question - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 40
Distraction
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 41
Distraction - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 42
Distraction - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 43
Distraction - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 44
Distortion
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 45
Distortion - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 46
Distortion - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 47
Distortion - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 48
Attacking the Person
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 49
Attacking the Person - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 50
Attacking the Person - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 51
Attacking the Person - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 52
You Too
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 53
You Too - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 54
You Too - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 55
You Too - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 56
Compassion Appeal
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 57
Compassion Appeal - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 58
Compassion Appeal - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 59
Compassion Appeal - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 60
Threats of Force
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 61
Threats of Force - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 62
Threats of Force - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 63
Threats of Force - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 64
Be Like Us - It's Easy
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 65
Be Like Us - It's Easy - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 66
Be Like Us - It's Easy - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 67
Be Like Us - It's Easy - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 68
Be Like Us - If You Do X
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 69
Be Like Us - If You Do X - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 70
Be Like Us - If You Do X - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 71
Be Like Us - If You Do X - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 72
Non Argument
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 73
Non Argument - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 74
Too Much of X
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 75
Too Much of X - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 76
Too Much of X - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 77
Too Much of X - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 78
Apathy Appeal
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 79
Apathy Appeal - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 80
Apathy Appeal - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 81
Apathy Appeal - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 82
Defines Undefinable
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 83
Defines Undefinable - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 84
Defines Undefinable - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 85
Defines Undefinable - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 86
Lie
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 87
Lie - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 88
Lie - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 89
Lie - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 90
Delaying Tactic
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 91
Delaying Tactic - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 92
Delaying Tactic - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 93
Delaying Tactic - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 94
Ambiguity Vagueness
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 95
Ambiguity Vagueness - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 96
Ambiguity Vagueness - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 97
Ambiguity Vagueness - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 98
Metaphors Analogies
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 99
Metaphors - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 100
Metaphors - C
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 101
Metaphors - D
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 102
Metaphors - E
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 103
Metaphors - F
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 104
Attacking the Person Summary
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 105
Attacking the Person Summary - B
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 106
Wrong Reasoning
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 107
Types of Non Arguments
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 108
Fallacies Summarized Distraction, Deception, Distortion, are three words that summarize non- arguments. If a person tries to DISTRACT the audience from the topic, then they are committing a fallacy. Real Arguments consist of REASONS that are RELEVANT to the topic being discussed. Keeping people focused on the topic, is how real logic works in practice. For instance, it is common for people to say, "WELL, YOU DO IT TOO!". While the person might 'do it too', it still does not address the original topic. We must first address the original topic: Do you do it? If yes, then X is true. Now we can move on to the next topic: Do I do it? If yes, then X is also true. This is called progress. Instead of pointing fingers at each other and saying, "you do it too", we instead focus on the actual arguement. If a person states that John Doe does X, and another person says, but you do X too, that is called a distraction attempt from the original topic. In logic we examine each statement one by one. If the person says: "Don't wash your car, because it wastes water." and you say: "I saw you watering your lawn yesterday for an hour, so you do it too" Another way to say this is that two wrongs don't make a right. It is NOT relevant if your neighbor used water on their lawn, because the topic being discussed at the moment is: are you now using water on the car? The answer is: YES, you are using water now. So, that is true. Now we can admit X, because X is true. Both people are GUILTY of X. Meaning, both people are wrong to waste water and both finally admitted it. This is the beginning of a logical society.
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 109
Dedicated to God the Father This book is created by the College of Scripting Music & Science.
We have taught over 2 million people how to program
computers for free in a virtual world named Second Life for over a decade.
Remember, that Every person is at a different level in life.
Logic is a subject that should be taught in EVERY Grade in School. Learning to be logical and to present your thoughts logically to others is one of the hallmarks of a GOOD society that focuses on truth and justice and expressing both through words!
The pen will always be stronger than the sword!
People have a voice and if they use it logically, then others will continue to listen and truth will always reveal itself in time.
I propose that we teach Logic starting in 1st Grade through
University! A logical society will demand EVIDENCE and will always demand that those who make conclusions provide valid reasons to support their claims.
Always remember, that any person, no matter what their title,
must have their words examined for truth through logical deduction. We examine ALL evidence and Refute Falsehoods!
College of Scripting Music & Science CollegeOfScripting.weebly.com 110