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Example-Problem Compress
Example-Problem Compress
MECH 101
Liang Tengfei
tfliang@ust.hk
Office phone : 2358-8811
Mobile : 6497-0191
Office hour : 14:00-15:00 Fri
1
Outline
Example about normal stress and normal strain
Example about shear stress, shear strain, and Hooke’s
law in shear
Example 1
The two bar truss ABC has pin supports at points A and C, which are 2.0m
apart. Members AB and BC are steel bars, pin connected at joint B. The
length of BC is 3m. A sign weighing 5.4kn is suspended from bar BC at D
and E, which are located 0.8m and 0.4m, respectively, from the ends of the
bar. Determine the required cross-sectional area of AB and the required
diameter of pin at C if the allowable stresses in tension and shear are 125
MPa and 45 Mpa.
Draw Free Body Diagram
Supposing counterclockwise moments are positive,
FAB RA 5.516kN
Vc Rc 5.252kN
FAB
AAB 44.1mm 2
allow
Required diameter of the pin
Vc
Apin 57.2mm 2
2 allow
d pin 4 Apin / 8.54mm
practice
c 5.21MPa
Shear strain : change in the shape of the element
In most practical situations the shear strain γ is a small angle, and in such cases
tan γ can be replaced by γ.
Shear force V=P/2,
Shear Strain:
aver abV
aver
V
abGe 0.5
Ge
Horizontal displacement δ,
hV
d h 4.5mm
abGe
Shear stress and Bearing stress
Shear stress : tangential to the surface
V aL P d 2
Average shear stress: aver Where V A
A 2 2 4
F
Average bearing stress: b b Where Fb aL P Ab dL
Ab
V
m n
p
L a m n
p q d 2
A
V 4
One shear Two shear
surface surfaces
V
m n F
V F V
L F
L F
2
p q
A 1 d2 p q A 1 d2
V 4 V
4
Example 3
A steel strut S serving as a brace for a boat hoist transmits a compressive forces
P=54KN to the deck of a pier. The strut has a hollow square cross section with wall
thickness t=12mm, and angle θ is 40 °. A pin through the strut transmits the
compressive force from the strut to two gussets G that welded to the base plate B.
Four anchor bolts fasten the base plate to deck. The diameter of the pin is dpin=18mm,
the thickness of the gussets is tG=15mm, the thickness of the base plate is tB=8mm, the
diameter of the anchor bolts is dbolt=12mm.
Determine the following stress: (a)the bearing stress between the strut and the pin;(b) the
shear stress in the pin;(c) the bearing stress between the pin and the gussets,(d) the bearing
stress between the anchor bolts and the base plate,(e) the shear stress in the anchor bolts.
Solution
(a)the bearing stress between the strut and the pin
= The force in the strut / the total bearing area of the strut
P 54kN
b1 125MPa
2td pin 2(12mm)(18mm)
Bearing
surface
(b) the shear stress in the pin( the pin tends
to shear the two planes between the gussets and
the strut)
Shearing
surface
(c) the bearing stress between the pin and the gussets
The pin bear against the gussets at two locations, so the
bearing area is twice the thickness of the gussets times the pin
diameter;
Bearing
surface
(d) the bearing stress between the anchor bolts and the base plate
(The vertical component of force is transmitted to the pier by
direct bearing between the base plate and the pier; the
horizontal component, is transmitted through the anchor bolts.)
Bearing Bearing
surface force
(e) the shear stress in the anchor bolts
Shearing
surface
Shearing force
Practice
aver 31.8MPa;
b 41.7MPa
Practice