Instituto Nacional De Aprendizaje

SENA

Taller de inglés

Presentado Por:
Presentado A:

Operación de sistemas de potabilización de

aguas
Ficha:

Octubre 7 de octubre de 2020

Water purification.

Let me explain what the water purification is. Water purification is a process by which
the water is treated with the aim of making it suitable for consumption, in this process
you must remove any anomaly that represents a health risk.

Let's learn a little more about this. In this process you should remove toxic substances
like plumb, Chrome and zinc, and don't miss another substances like sand, bacteria,
germs, virus and any type of health risk that can be found in the water.
You can purify all types of water, since the one from a water well or the one from the
sea or from the rain.

In order to get a drinkable water that could be consumed by humans, it must recieve a
good treatment that follows a series of standards to achieve the perfect quality of the
water determined by local and international authorities. This is why the purification of
water is a fundamental process to ensure life in the planet.

Where is the water purified?

You must find specific installations known as water purification plants or WPP.

This process can change depending on the natural conditions of the territory.

●If the source of the water is surface -river or lake - Separate some components from
natural wáter, followed by the removal of impurities, and then filter and disinfect with
chlorine or ozone.

● If the water contains salts and/ or heavy metals, the process is much more
complicated and expensive due to the danger of these elements. You must be very
careful and don't hurry.

● In areas with lack of water resources, as well as in coastal areas, get potable water
by desalination through reverse osmosis or distillation.

How is the water purified?

Pay attention!

The water purification process consists of six different phases, with this process you
remove any color, taste or odor sample. Let's see the phases:

1. Water pretreatment: As the first activity remove large solid elements with the
placement of a screen that prevents fish or branches from leaking, don't let this things
go through. Then, use a sand trap, and separate all the sand from the water to prevent
it from damaging the water treatment plant pumps. Also in this phase, you must do a
pre-disinfection to destroy some organic substances.

2. Coagulation-Flocculation: In this phase use a low pressure pump to transport the

water to a mixing chamber. Add the components for the right water purification. Adjust
the pH by adding acids and coagulating agents.
3. Decantation: Put the water in the decanter, the separation of suspended particles
carried by the water is carried out by gravity. The densest noxious sediments remain at
the bottom of the decanter, where they are removed; the less dense ones continue in
the decanted water.

3. Filtration: Pass the water through a porous medium, this removes less dense
sediments to finish straining impurities. There are different types of filters and they can
be opened or closed by gravity or by pressure.

4. Water disinfection: Add chlorine to eliminate any type of bacteria or virus. You can
remove pathogens from groundwater or natural springs through the irradiation of
ultraviolet rays or adding ozone.

5. Analysis: Once you complete the five previous stages in the WPP, analyze the
water to ensure that the purification process has been a success. Drinking water must
be colorless, odorless and tasteless and must comply with the current regulations in
each country.