Introduction to Principles of Management - Principles of Management,

University of Minnesota
History of Management - Principles of Management, Openstax

“The Manager’s primary challenge is to solve problems creatively.”

What is Management?
Management is the art of getting things done through the efforts of others.

The Principles of Management are the means by which one actually

manages.
These are the activities that “plan, organize, and control the
operation of the basic elements of people, materials, machines, methods,
money, and markets, providing direction and coordination, and giving
leadership to human efforts, so as to achieve the sought objectives of the
enterprise.”(Fayol, H.)

What then is the usually used framework in discussing or learning

Principles of Management?
POLC (Planning,Organizing, Leading, Controlling)

Historic and Contemporary Views of Organization with respect to

Managerial Roles.

Contemporary View
Top Managers support and serve other mangers and employees through a
process called EMPOWERMENT.

Empowered lower-level managers and employees are responsible for the

organization’s competitiveness and their own development.
Top Management support personnel development and ensure
employability.

Empowerment is the process of enabling or authorizing an individual to

think, behave, take action, and control work, and decision making in
autonomous ways.

Traditional View
There is the hierarchical relationship among layers of management and
managers and employees.
Top Managers ensures the organization’s competitiveness and lower level
managers’ and employees job security.
Lower level managers and employees implement top management’s
strategy with loyalty and obedience.

Different Types of Managers

Top Managers
Responsible for developing the organization’s strategy and being a
steward of its vision and mission.

Functional Managers
Responsible for the efficiency and effectiveness of an area, such as
accounting, marketing.

Supervisory or team managers

Responsible for coordinating a subgroup of a particular function or a
team composed of members from different parts of the organization.

Line Managers
Leads functions that contributes directly to the products or service of the
organization.

Staff Manager, leads a function but do not typically provide an input into
the final product or service, they serve as supporting role instead.

Project Manager
Is responsible for the planning, execution, and closing of any project.

General Manager
Responsible for managing a clearly identifiable revenue-producing unit.
They usually must make decision across different functions.

Ten Roles of Managers Divided into Three groups

1. Interpersonal
Ensures that information is provided

Figurehead - represent the organization

Leader - define the relationship between employee and manager
Liason - interacts wit peers and people outside the organization

2. Informational
Informational roles link all managerial work together .
Monitor receive and collect information
Disseminator- transmit information
Spokesperson - manager disseminate organization’s information into
environment

3. Decisional
Roles that make significant use of the information

Entrepreneur - initiate change

Disturbance Handler - deals with threat to the organization
Resource Allocator- choose where the organization will expand its effort
Negotiator -negotiate on behalf of the organization