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Grammar and Structure » List of Commonly Used Linking Words

List of Commonly Used Linking Words

Function Coordinators Subordinators Transitions

Link Link an independent

independent clause with a Link independent
clauses within dependent clause or clauses within a
a sentence. phrase within a sentence.
sentence.
Link sentences within a
paragraph.

Punctuation
Use a comma When the dependent When the transition
before a clause is at the begins the sentence, it
coordinator: beginning of the should be followed by a
I researched sentence, it should be comma:
the topic, and followed by a comma: First, I researched the
I created the After I researched topic.
presentation. the topic, I created Then, I created the
the presentation. presentation.

Do not use a comma When the transition

when the dependent connects two
clause is at the end of independent clauses, a
the sentence: semi-colon comes
I created the before it and a comma
presentation after I follows it:
researched the I researched the topic;
topic. afterwards, I created
the presentation.

Showing
time, And Before Afterward(s)
beginning, As At first
during, As long as Initially
ending At the same Meanwhile
time (as) Meantime
Every time Simultaneously
Since Eventually
So long as Finally
The first/second
/next/last time

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When
Whenever
While
By the time
Till
Until

Showing a
sequence And After Next
As soon as Subsequently
Ever since Then
Following Thereafter
Later First
Once Firstly
Initially
To begin
Next
Second
Secondly
Then
Third
Thirdly
Finally
Last
Lastly

Showing
conclusion So In all
In summation
In conclusion
To conclude

Showing
contrast But Although By comparison
Either … Despite By contrast
or Even though Conversely
Yet In spite of However
Instead of In contrast
Though Instead
Whereas Nevertheless
While Nonetheless
On the contrary
On the other hand
Otherwise

Showing
similarity Neither In other words
… nor Likewise
Either … Similarly
or

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Adding
information And Additionally
Also
Besides
Further
Furthermore
In addition
Moreover

Adding
example For example
For instance
In particular

Showing For As a result of …

cause Because …
Due to (the fact
that)
In order to …
Resulting from …
Since …

Showing
effect So (If) … then Accordingly,
… resulting in As a result,
So …that Consequently,
… then Hence,
Therefore,
Thus,

Showing
condition Even if
If … then
In case
Provided that
Providing
Unless
Whether or not

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