DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION / CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

GENERIC: INDICATIONs: CNS: dizziness, encephalopathy, Asses’ fluid status during therapy.
headache, insomnia, nervousness
Furosemide Inhibits sodium and chloride Edema due to cardiac, hepatic,
reabsorption in the ascending loop and renal disease, burns; mild to
Check the doctor’s order.
of Henle, moderate

thus increasing renal excretion of hypertension, hypertensive crisis,

EENT: hearing loss, tinnitus
BRAND: sodium, chloride and water. acute heart failure, chronic renal Assess patient allergy to furosemide,
failure, nephritic sulphonamides, tartrazine
Lasix
Syndrome.
Source:
CV: hypotension Monitor electrolytes, renal and hepatic
Lippincotts nursing drug guide 2009
function, serum glucose, and uric acid levels
CLASSIFICATION:
Before and periodically throughout
CONTRAINDICATION: GI: constipation, diarrhea, dry
Loop duiretics therapy.
mouth, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting
Anuria; hepatic coma and pre
coma, severe hypokalemia &/or
hyponatremia,

DOSAGE: hypovolemia w/ or w/o

hypotension; hypersensitivity to DERM: photosensitivity, rashes
20mg IV q 12 hrs furosemide or sulfonamides. Monitor daily weight, intake & output
ratios, amount

And location of edema, lung sounds, skin

ENDO: hyperglycemia turgor, and mucous membranes.

F&E: dehydration, hypokalemia,

hypomagnesemsia, hyponatremia,
Monitor BP and pulse before and during
hypovolimia,
administration
metabolic alkalosis

Give the drug as prescribed according to

 HEMA: Blood dyscrasias the desired dose, route and frequency.

METAB: hyperglycemia, If in IV check the patency of IV site and IV

hyperuricemia line.

evaluate patient for any signs and

symptoms of the adverse effects
MS: arthralgia, muscle cramps,
myalgia

educate the patient/family member about

the purpose and importance of the drug.
MISC: increased BUN

GENERICNAME: Calcium carbonate is an INDICATION: Constipation, flatulence, diarrhea, > administer as antacid1 hr after meal and
Calcium carbonate inorganic salt used as an antacid. Antacid, calcium supplement, renal dysfunction, acid rebound at bed time
It is a basic compound that acts osteoporosis
BRAND NAMES: by neutralizing hydrochloric acid >administer as supplement 1½ hrs after
Dicarbosil, Rolaids, in gastric secretions. Subsequent meal and at bedtime
Titralac, Tums increases in pH may inhibit CONTRAINDICATION:
the action of pepsin. An increase Hypercalcemia, bone tremors, >advice pt to increase fluids to 2L unless
CLASSIFICATION: in bicarbonate ions and severe renal failure, contraindicated
Decreases total acid prostaglandins may also confer hypersensitivity
load of GI tract. cytoprotective effects.
Increase esophageal
sphinctertone

DOSAGE:
2 grams 1 tab/OD

GENERICNAME: Sitagliptin selectively inhibits INDICATION: upset stomach. Encourage patient to monitor blood

Sitagliptin  the action of DPP-4, the primary
enzyme degrading the incretin
hormones, allowing glucagon-
BRAND NAMES: like peptide-1 and glucose-
It is used in people with type diarrhea. glucose before and after exercise and to
2 diabetes. Controlling high adjust food intake to maintain normal
stomach pain.
blood sugar helps prevent glycemic levels.
kidney damage, blindness, nerve upper respiratory
Januvia dependent insulinotropic problems, loss of limbs, and
peptide to facilitate glucose sexual function problems.
CLASSIFICATION: regulation in response to a meal.
dipeptidyl peptidase-4 CONTRAINDICATION:
(DPP-4) inhibitors Contraindications / Precautions.
Sitagliptin is contraindicated in
DOSAGE: patients with a known
100 mg /tab 1 tab OD @ sitagliptin hypersensitivity, such
HS as anaphylaxis,
urticaria, angioedema,
exfoliative dermatitis or other
serious skin conditions
(serious rash), including Stevens-
Johnson syndrome.
infection. Emphasize the importance of
stuffy or runny nose and adhering to nutritional guidelines and the
sore throat. need for periodic assessment of glycemic
control (serum glucose and glycosylated
headache.
hemoglobin levels) throughout the
management of diabetes mellitus.
Advise patient about symptoms of
hyperglycemia (confusion, drowsiness;
flushed, dry skin; fruit-like breath odor,
rapid, deep breathing, polyuria; loss of
appetite; unusual thirst). Drug dosages may
need to be adjusted to prevent repeated
episodes of hyperglycemia.
Instruct patient to report other
troublesome side effects such as severe or
prolonged headache or Gl problems.