q Hh) Designation: A 41v/Aa16M - 98° fe Standard Specification for Steel Strand, Uncoated Seven-' Concrete! ‘hs stand se ert ed sinaton AAAI Low (lanadin Gede LLL This specification covers two types and two seven-wire, uncoated steel strand Tor use in protéis post-tensioned prestressed corcrete construction. The wo types of strand are low-relaxation and stress-relieved (normal relaxation), _ Suna. gps Suess reived (acm ‘tbe furnished unless specifically ord between purchaser and supplier. laxation) strand will red, oF BY arrany 1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded as standard, Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The valves stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore. each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the 180 systems may result in nonconfo-mance with the specitication, 1.3. ‘The supplementary requirements in SI shall be specitiod for 0.6-in. (15.24-mm) diameter uncoated seven-wire seel } for applications in prestressed ground anchors. - 2, Referenced Documents ; 2.2. U.S. Military Standards: MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage* MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Ship- ment and Storage’ 23 U.S. Federal Standard: "Thi specification sander he jreicon of ASTM Commitee Aon Sie Siiless Stel and Related Alleys and isthe tet esporsibity of Sebeommiee ‘AOL.OS on Sica Reinforcement Curent edition approved May 10, 1998 Published December 1998, Oxgiaily hed as A 41657 Lat previous edition A 416-97 ‘Annual Baok of ASTH Standords, Val 0.03 Anal Book of ATH Standards Nol 0301 * avaiable trom Standardization Daciments rier Desk, Bldg 4 Seton D. “700 Robbin Ave, Piadephi, PA 18111 S094 K ‘Wire for Prestressed number iumediely following the designation ints the yer jn. A number in prenhess abet the yar a! epg st evision oe feappaal ramen of Defense ul nts 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: Deserip: tion of Term Specific 10 This Stamdard: 3.2. Discussion—The direction of lay may be either right: of left-hand, However, strands of different lays should not be spliced together. 4, Ordering Information 4.1 Orders for seven-wire low-relaxation or stress-relieved # (normal-relaxation) strand under this specification should in clude the following information: 4.1.1 Quantity (metres [feet)), 4.1.2 Diameter of strand 4.1.3 Grade of strand, 4.14 Type of strand, 4.1.5 Packaging, 4.1.6 ASTM designation and year of issue, and 4.17 Special requitements, if any. Nore 1A typical ordering desiption it a follows: 25 600 m [8 G00 FJ 13 mm [in], Grade 180 [270] low-cetaxation strand, in 3600-m |12 000. eelless packs 10 ASTM A SI6IA 416M- 5. Materials and Manufacture 5.1 Base Metal—The base metal shall be{carbon steel) of such quality that when drawn to, wire, fabricated into strand, and then thermally treated, shall have the properties and characteristics prescribed in this specification. 5.2 Wirt—The wire from which the strand is to be fabri cated shall be round and have a dry-drawn finish, ‘Note 2—This products a composite of seven wires and is produced to ‘mechanical properties only. The chemistry ofall wites or any individu! ire snot pertinent othe application. and heat identity isnot necessarily maintained. [is possible that wire from more than one Het ay be used inthe manufacture of ee or pack, Traceability is based on pack wenity 8 maintained snd reported by the wnanufacturer 7 5.3 Treatment—Afeer stranding, low-relaxation strand shallpieced emia ree (woven te peeibal TEENIE! Pepe Tor auaan (aleyed (aor elacaien) cand cof ferme enced deceasty Tenfer com aulen maint rie iiee eae Ggesilon tc consid aoral er ibe Triated epee ans bana 6. Mechanical Properties iethods of testing for mecianical properties are de- sctited in Annex A7 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370, Low-relaxation strand shall also te tested as prescribed in Methods E 328, 62 Breaking Strengih—The breaking strength of the fin: ished strand shall conform to the requirements preseribed in Table 6.3 Yield Strengih—Yield strength in kN {pounds} is.mea sured at | % extension under Toad. The mininium yield strength shall Be 90% for low-relaxation strand and 85 % for strass- relieved (normal-relaxation) strand of the breaking strength listed in Table J, Initial loads for the test and minimum yield “ngths are listed in Table 2. 13.1 The extension under load shall be measured by an ‘extensometer calibrated with the smallest division not larger than 0.0001 mm/mm (0.0001 inFn.} of gage length, 6.4 Elongation—The total elongation under load shall not be less than 3.5 % using a gage length of not less than 610 mm [24 inc In practice the total elongation value may he deter mined by adding to the 1.0% yield extension the percent extension or movement berween the jaws gripping the strand after yield determination. The percent is caleulated on the new base length of jaw-to-jaw distance. 6,5 Relaxation Properties—Low-relaxation strand shall hhave relaxation losses of not more than 2.5 5 when initially loaded to 70 % of specified minimum breaking strength or not ‘more than 3.5 % when loaded 10 80 % of specified minimum breaking strength of the strand after 1000 h tested under the conditions listed in 6.5.1 through 6.5.7 6.5.1 If required, relaxation evidence shall be provided from tthe manufacturer's records of tesis on similarly dimensioned strand of the same grade. 5.5.2 The temperature of the test piece shall be maintained 2°C [68 + 3.5°F}. “653 The test piece shal not be subjected to loading prior to the relaxation test. Qh) A a16/Aa16M 6.5.4 The initia i y period of not less 1 ‘ore thai 5 min, and the gage length shall be maintained constant; load relaxation readings shall commence 1 min after application of the total load, 6.5.5 Over-stressing of the test sample during the loading operation shall not be permitted. 6.5.6 The duration of the test shall be 1000 h or a shozer period of at least 200 hy, provided it can be shown by records that an extrapolation of the shorter period test results to 1000, h will provide similar relaxetion values as the full 1000 h test 6.5.7 ‘The test gage length shall be at least 60 times the nominal diameter. If this gage length exceeds the capacity of the extensometer or testing machine, then it is permitted to substitute a gage length of 40 times the nomimal strand diameter bon 134. 7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations 7.1 The size of the finished strand shall be expressed as the nominal diameter of the strand in millimetres {inches} 4.2 The diameter of the center wire of any strand shall be larger than the diameter of any outer wire in accordance with Table 3, 73 Permissible Variations in Diameter 7.3.1 All Grade 1725 (250) strand shall conform to a si tolerance of £0.40 mm (0.016 in.) from the nominal diam- ler measured across the crowns of the wires. 7.3.2 All Grade 1860 {270} sirand shall conform to a size tolerance of +0.65, ~ 0.15 mm [+0.026, ~0.006 in.] from the nominal diameter measured across the crowns of the wire 7.33 Variation in cross-sectional area and in unit stress resulting therefrom shall not be cause for eejection provided that the diameter differences of the individual wires and the diameters of the strand are within the tolerances specified, 74 Specially dimensioned low relaxation and stress: relieved {normal-relaxation] strands with nominal diameters up {0 19.05 mm {0.750 in.] may be employed. providing that the breaking strength is defined, and the yield strength, as defined in 63, is not less than 90 % and 85 4% of the specified minimum breaking steength for low-relaxation and stress-relieved (nor mal relaxation) strands, respectively. All other requirements shall apply. TABLE 1 Breaking Strength Requirements ‘Strand Desioraion No, Nomina Bemelr of Strend, Minimum Broakng Sngth of Nominal Sie! Area of Stand, Nominal Weinht of Sand ko it Seana omen ‘00 000 Gace 17251050 _Y (I8L) @ o3 20) 200 oom | vam (O85) 2 (2) 8 794 (0.313) 625 114 500) | 37.42 (0.058) 234 (197) 3 255 (0373) 8.0 [20 000 | 181 (0080) fos 72) 0 fiat oe ten er 000) | | 33 108) 6 (on 8 1270 (0500) too (9 000) | | 2200 (oss) 730 (201 s 1524 peo} 2402 [54 000) | eis fasta soon a7) ‘rac 1860 (270) ° 1023 F200} 22 90] * 1379 [31 000] S52 [390] 3 1270 (0500) 169,7 [at 300] 779 {320} 18 15:28 (000) 2507 [50 coo} 102 (750) snstand Nominal Diameter Inn Load, eegpnton Soe! rete) i pee ‘Low-Fieoraton Perma Relaxation i race 1725 50) if Et = ia eam “10001 TE 10) ao Fm ° 38 waa eee) Sh 9 ec Sout 501 5 eset Se a0) fi ee peed a fi aan ‘oie 70) {oa ees) ‘odds oom 3 0 soo, Tels oo, (et ae toate oon 3 524 oa 240 (8 40H No2lse 60, Jeudyes 90) (Gee reson \ 7 aa wag 102 2 300) Ea Tom eopAEH 0 1.1 0453) 138, 100] 1244 27 800) 1172 aso) 4 "sf sen feel S30 om Me Ne oe api ano zisiee i ‘Wade 725 250) 335 (0250) 01254 001) 1794 (0313) 0381 ro0015) 989 10375), 10.0508 foe) a fo438) 0.0695 n.0028} 1270 (0800) Gare (0.000) 3 1624 600] 8.1016 [0.004] a i Grade 18602791 - a 253 10378) 0808 (00021 ) " 1 439) 63s (9.025) 3 pi (0.0762 [0.003] 8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance provided itis not sufficient to cause pits visible to the unaid 8.1 Joints c, shall not be cause for rejection. 8.1.1 There shall be no strard joints or strand splices in any Nore 3—Guidanee for evaluating the degree of rusting on Presi length of the completed strand unless specifically permitted by concrete strand is presented in Seson* the purchaser 8.1.2 During the process of manufacture of individual wires for ctading,Slding is permited only prio to or atthe size _ 9.1 Testspecimens cut from either end ofthe strand packs te ye tase thermal treatment, for example, patenting or ate permitted, Any specimen found to contain a wire joint she ‘controlled cooling. There shall be no welds in the wire after it Be discarded and a new specimen obtained, hhas been drawn through the frst dic inthe wire drawing except as provided in 8.1.3. abort mse | 8.L3 During fabrication of the strand, butt-welded joints are I: permitted in the individual wires, provided there is not more than one sich joint in any 45-m (150-ft section of the completed strand. B.1.4 When specifically ordered as “Weldless,” a product 11 Tnspection reget welts chet be farnshed, When “Weldiss" is specified, 11.1 If outside inspection i required, the manufactures sts Tre an te preced as one continuous length with no welds ford the inspector representing the purchaser at Teasonab as allowed by 8.13. facilites to satisfy that the material is being furnished ee tn PY Shed strand shall be uniform in diameter and accordance with this specification. All tests and inspection shall be free of imperfections not consistent with good com- ‘mercial strand practices. ———. Fe ita thorn ta cut widhoat scizigs, the wie shall. *Sim, AS. “Soabaten of Dre Rimi SS ee Viet heater senoatiran Mi Pan Stan PL Jounal. Precast Comrie Isat, WO he fly out of position. If any wire flies out of position and Bio tone 1992, py 25-30. Reprints ofthis pape are avilable Eom he Fess be replaced by hand, the strand shall be considered satisfactory. Presented Coerets tinue, 195 Went Jackon Biv. Suite 1859. Chis 8:4 The strand shall not be oiled or greased. Slight rusting, nos 60%iy 7 the place of manufacture prior to shipment, tnless otherwise agreed upon at che time of purchase, and shall be so conducted as not {0 interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works. Nore 4—The purchaser should state, at the time of omer. whether outside inspection is required or waived 12. Rejection 12.1 Failure of any test specimen to comply with the requirements of the specification shall constitute grounds for rejection of the lot represented by the specimen. 12.2. The lot may be resubmitted for inspection by testing sample from each reel or pack and sorting out non-conformi material 123 In case there is a reasonable doubt in the initial testing sto the ability of the strand to meet any requiresnent of this specification, two additional tests shall be made on a sample of sirand from the same reel or pack, and if failure occurs in ether Of these tests, the strand shall be rejected. {8 cotton | 3\ 13.1 If outside inspection is waived, a manufacturer's cer tification that the material has keen tested in accordance with and meets the requirements of this specification shall be the basis of acceptance of the meterial. The certification shall include the specification number, year-date of issue, and revision letter, if any. 7 ib A 416/A416M reneaing’ Suse for Bs ot Fg oF production 14, Packaging and Marking 14.1 The strand shall be furnished on reels or in reelless packs having a minimum core diameter of 610 mm [24 in.} unless otherwise specified by the purchaser. Lengths on reels or in reelless packs shall be as agreed upon at the time of purchase, The strand shall be well protected against mechani: cal injury in shipping as agreed upon at the time of purchase: Each reel or reelless pack shall have two strong lags securely fastened to it showing the length, size, type. grade. ASTM designation A 416/A 416M, and the name or mack of the ‘manufacturer, One tag shall be positioned where it will not bs inadvertently lost during transit, such as the core of a n pack. The other tag shall be placed on the outside for eas identification 14.2. For Government Procurement Only— When specifics in the contract or order, and for direct procurement by or direc shipment to the U.S. government, material shall be preserved. packaged, and packed in accordance with the recuirements 0} MIL-STD-163. The applicable levels shall be as specified in the contract. Marking for shipment of suet material shall bei accordance with Fed. Std. No. 1 and MIL-STD-129 for military agencies 18, Keywords 15.1. prestressed concrete: seven-wire strand (tendon): stee SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS: Supplement presttes requirements shall apply only to 0.6-in. (15.24-mm) strand, Grade 270 used in grourd anchors or similar applications and shall be specified at the time of orccr yr placement. These requirements are not applicable (0 strand used in prestressed concrete applications. . Bond Capacity : SI.1 The results of bond-capacity tests performed in accor- ‘dance with Specification A 416/ A 416M shall be submitted to the purchaser. The strand samples, on which tests were performed, shall be from different lots and shall be represen tative forthe strand ordered. S12 The average pull force from six pull tests. performed in ‘accordance with Specification A 416/A 416M, required (0 reach the O.01-in, (0.25-mm) displacement described therein ‘shall be at Teast 8000 Ibf (35.6 KN), with the individual minimum test value not less than 6800 Ibf (30.2 KN). For any future retests, without changes in the manufacturing: method and materials used, three tests shall be considered as adequate. S13 Retests —If the test specimens fail to satisfy S12, six additional tests shall be performed, and the results shall satisfy the acceptance criteria, Strand that failed the retest shall not be considered acceptable for the use in prestressed ground an- hors. ‘S14 Annual Tesis—The pull tests shall be performed annu ally as a minimum or repeated when, in the opinion of the producer, a process change is made which is believed could decrease the bond capacity of the strand.(jh A 416/A4iem he Amercan Society for Testing and Matra okos ne postion repactng tho val wit any lam montoned iis starcar. Urs 0 is stance are expres ain patent gis, andthe ik of ntingement of suchas, 16 entirely tel own resp [Wis standard sbjct to revision aay line by be espns chia commites and must be feviene every Bre years and ‘snot resent reagorovetoraatciaun Your Conmnets oid eter foros is stander for esters sarees ‘a hou bo socresssd fo ASTI Heacguanes Your orments wit rcevs carsoconseraton ot omen oe rescnsele icc! connate ich you may ater. # you ott your commarts hav not rceveda anny you shee nae yout ‘Soa in the AST Goan on Stondrds, 100 Cat Hater Dive, West Gonsotocken PA Tose8