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 Items of Missionary lutclligejicc
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 C O N T E N T S

O C R V I E W S OP mission W O E K : page
Missions and Covenantin!? 1
Eev. James Kennedy, D.D.
Ttie Holy Spirit and Missions 23
Eev. .1. S. Thompson.
The Comparative Claims ot the Eoreign Field 49
fie\-. T. H. Acheson.
The Gospel to the Nations '^3
Rev. .1. M. Foster.
The Final Hally of the Centiu-y 101
Self-Support in Mission Churches 125
Eev. H. C. Mabie, D.D.
On Evangelistic Work 157
Eev. T. H, Acheson.
Foreign Missions 185
Rev. Hugh Miller Thompson, D.D.
The Eeflex Influence ot Foreign Missions 2(B
Eev. J. Eimendorf, D.D.
A Call to Foreign Missionary Work -2-25
The Promise and Its Fulfillment '245
Bev. J. E. Wylie, N e w Galilee, Pa.
ITEM,S o r JIISSIONAEY I N T E L L I G E N C E :
Mersine 9, .5.5, 79, 107, 189. 210. -228
Latakia 8, 107, 160, 203
Antioch ,.80. 364
Cyprus 190, 228
.Suadia. 8. 32, -228
China 10.81,254
Mexico 10
Cache Creek Mission H, 39
Selma 12
Ladies' Missionary Societies 12, 14, 15, 3(i, S4, 83, 115, UO, 118, 14,5, 167, 196, 231, 256. 258
N e w Hebrides 83, ll'i, 211. 229
Missionary Statistics 34
Africa 85, 213, 2.80, 252
Seattle, Wii.sh 35, 86
N. Y. C. Indian .Association 86
Guadaapur, North Indhi 57
Italy 83
Sierra Leone 83
Cincinnati Hebrew Miasion 84,-255
 CONTENTS.
PAGE
South America jj^ .j-q
Eeport of Committee on Missions J2g
Eeport of Foreign Mission Board jjj
Annual Statement of Syrian Mission jog
Supplementary Statement from Suadia j4q
Annual Statement of Tarsus Jlission j^j
Eeport of Central Boai-d -[.^3
Eeports
India . of other Societies 33 jg5 jgg 230
The
KoreaMission of the Covenant to Israel jgg
oj^
Egypt 312,258
228
Moravian Missions _ 2S0
New York 254
MONOGEAPHS:
God's Method of Curing the Anti-Missionary Spirit jg
Decay of Heathenism in Japan 17'
Christian Endeavor—Its Influence 18
The "Worship of Jugannath , 19
The \l est Precious Jewel. Good Men Eeveal God og
Turkey's Treaty Obligations .37
The Claims of Missions upon the Young 38
Great is Diana of the Ephesians 39
A Hindu Hermit 40
Iga 41
A Syrian Funeral 42
Arabic Petition to Board of Foreign Missions 60
Spear Points 62
All for Christ. What it Cost. Christian Endeavor Day 63
Closing Exercises of the Theological Seminary 87
Dr. Paton's Mission 92
Peace in the Church Essential to Successful Missionary Work 93
Buddhism in Japan .94
Three Words .' 95
Letters of Acceptance 118
Turkey 119
The American Indian 121
O n Sabbath Schools 146
The Lions in the W a y 147
O n Temperance 148
North American Indians ..150
A Helpless God. Talking It Over 151
Christ-like Work. The Little Missionary Box 152
Our Mission Schools in Turkey 169
Work with a Fellah 175
Italy and the Waldenses 176
Poreign Missionaries. The Key to the Bible 177
Answered Prayer. The Samoans 178
Confessing Christ. Eead the Bible 179
 CONTENTS.
PAGE
Meet for the Master's Use. Revival Hindrances 180
For Jesus' Sake 198
A n Appeal to the Koran 199
The Aniwan's Beautiful Deflnition of Faith 200
McKay, of Formosa , 20O
Waiting in Vain 201
Dr. Metheny at H o m e 314
Leaves from Mrs. Paton's Journal 216
God's Tenth 218
The Wigtown Martyrs 232
A Brief Sketch of the Ladies' Missionary Society of Morning Sun 387
The Story of a Hebrew N e w Testament 338
Unnecessary Despondency 238
A Magical Mirror. Suleyman 239 '
Greyfriars, Edinburgh 259
A Child's Cry from China 262
A Business Man's Experience 266
Our Enemies' Endorsement 266
Cannot But 267
Not Said at Chicago ggg
A Minister's Dream 268
EDITOEIAL N O T E S :
Notes 21-24, 4,3-48, 70-73, 98-100, 122-124, 153-156, 181-181, 201-204. 221-224, 240-244, 266-274
Special Contributions 21, 23, 23, 44, 45, 46. 12-2, 123, 154. 155, 203, 222, 265-267
Mission Literature 34, 48, 47, 124, 1.53. IRi, 2-24, 24.3. 272-274
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL O F T H E BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
JANUARY REFORMED PRESBYTER'iAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1894.

O U R VIEWS OF MISSION W O R K .
MISSIONS AND COVENANTING. great is the transformation grace can effect,
Rev. James Kennedy, N e w York. Jacob the supplanter becomes Jacob the
S o m e time ago, the relation of Missions extirpator, to supplant, banish and destroy
to the work of the Holy Spirit was consid- all false religions in the world. It there-
ered at some length, and the last point fore became a name for God's redeemed in
then presented was " that the Spirit alone every age and nation, and even G o d Him-
can so animate and enthuse the whole body self assumes it, to encourage us in faith
of Christ, that it will sustain Missions com- and prayer, " That seek thy face, 0 Ja-
mensurate with the wants of the world." cob." At the same time Jesurun—the up-
W e dwell a m o m e n t on this point because right one—shall follow Jacob, giving judg-
it is closely related to a magnificent illus- ment, justice, right principles and true
tration of h o w the Spirit enlightens, sanc- morals to as many as will receive them.
tifies and savesj and the assurance that Accordingly, the Jacob and Jesurun of
His work shall always be a success. The every age can rest assured that whatever
illustration and assurance read thus, " Fear difficulties they have to contend with, their
not, 0 Jacob, M y servant, and thou Jesu- " labor shall not be in vain in the Lord."
run, w h o m I have chosen. For I will pour N o w these blessed results are predicated
water on him that is thirsty, and floods on two important and necessary condi-
upon the dry ground; I 'will pour M y Spirit *tions, namely,first,the copious outpouring
upon thy seed, and M y blessing upon thine of the Holy Spirit, pushing the Church and
offspring.' A n d they shall spring up as people of G o d into rapid, extraordinary
among the grass, as willows by the water growth, and unparalleled activity and
coiirses. O n e shall say, I a m the Lord's ; power; and, secondly, that under this in-
and another shall call himself by the name fluence the offspring of Jacob and Jesurun
of Jacob; and another shall subscribe with shall universally consecrate themselves to
his hand unto the Lord, and surname him- the work of G o d by frequent acts of cove.*
self by the name of Israel." (Is. xliv: 3-5.) nanting. Given these two things as fac-
The parties here addressed and com- tors and w e can rest assured that every-
forted are the historic, not the personal, thing included in the widest promise shall
ii'acob.and Jesurun. T h e n a m e Jacob was in due time be effected. Let us see the re-
by no means a savory appellation, but lation of these two things to effective and
when this prophecy was to be fulfilled, so successful work in Missions.
 Our Views of Mission Work,
1. The Church will be successful in her
missionary work as she grows in numbers,
means, influence, well-qualified agents, and
fervent missionary spirit. A n d such things
being indispensable, it is interesting to
note, that all down the ages they are fre-
quently made the subject of prayer, proph-
ecy and x^romise. Thus it is foretold,
" There shall be an handful of corn in the
earth, upon the top of the mountains, the
fruit thereof shall shake like Lebanon,
and they of the city shallfl.ourishlike
grass of the earth." So also, " Lo, chil-
dren are an heritage of the Lord, and the
fruit of the w o m b his reward. A s ai-rows
in the hand of a mighty man, so are the
children of the youth." A n d it is there-
fore said to Christ by way of prediction
and promise, " Thou hast' the dew of thy
youth," and, "All the children shall be
taught of the Lord, and great shall be the
peace of thy children.'' A n d in harmony
with such promises, both to Christ and His
Church, w e note with the liveliest satisfac-
tion that our young people—the seed and
offspring of Jacob and Jesurun—are be-
coming, more and more a power in the
Church, and by voluntarily and visibly con-
secrating themselves to Christ as a Master,
inspire the most happy hopes in the fut-
ure. T w o great advantages are sure to re-
sult. First, it will act as a preservative to
guard our children from the irreligion and
seductive influences which they have to
meet and overcome. And, secondly, it will
form a mighty army to work for Chiist in
the coming of His Kingdom, to bless the
world. The millions of young people w h o
during the past few years have enrolled
themselves among the active followers of
the L a m b , and consecrated their young
lives to do H i m service, form to-day a great
moral force, that ultimately nothing will be
able to resist, while it is their o w n safe-
guard against "the evil that is in the
world." " H o w does it come," was onoe
asked of a shepherd, "that you have such
superior sheep in your flock ? " The an-
swer was instructive, " I take good care of
the lambs." So the G o o d Shepherd Him-
self cares for His lambs, and gathers them
with His arms, and carries them in His
bosom," and has left that tender, loving
command, "Feed m y lambs.'' All this,
however, is only a preparation and training
for the future, as all indications are that
the great battle is to be fought and the
victory achieved by those w h o n o w in early
life are being prepared for the futm-e. As
in the days of Ahab, when he asked, " W h o
shall order the battle," and achieve the vic-
tory, it was replied, " B y the young m e n of
the princes of the provinces," so still. It
only requires God',s full flood to make the
"citizens abound in numbers,'' and wealth,
influence, moral and social power 'will all
contribute to the predicted end.
2. Such activity in the Church 'wUl also
counteract our tendency to be slow and
dilatory iu Christ's work.
T h efigurativelanguage of gro'mng hke
grass and willows is evidently intended to
express rapidity of action. After copious
rain grass in Canaan "comes up in a
night," and the willows in very brief time
push out their foliage. A n d just so, we
are here taught, it should be spiritually
While not rash or imprudent, w e should
not be slow or dilatory. In a gracious
revival in the days of Hezekiah it is said,
" N o w Hezekiah rejoiced, and all the peo-
ple, that G o d had prepared the people, for
the thing was done suddenly'''—a lesson we
might all study with advantage. W e often
 Our Views of Mission Work.

in Christ's work go too slow. Thousands, us from being discouraged or turned away
uninstructed, unenhghtened and unsaved, from Christ's work as if it was a failure.
are going down every m o m e n t to the grave, In m a n y ways the Adversary stands
while w e are hesitating, debating and un- ready to impede our progress, and weaken
decided, waiting till something turns up. our hands in our work. As in the time of
A n d thus, as in the days of Haggai—and Nehemiah, it m a y be by ridicule. The god
w e might say in the days of William Carey, of this world, aided and abetted by the
or in our o w n days—there are many ready world powers, and the hosts of infidelity,
to say, " The time is not come, the time is ever ready to treat with contempt the
that the Lord's house should be built," efforts made to evangelize the heathen,
thus attempting to excuse their o w n inac- saying, " W h a t do these feeble Jews ? " to
tivity. A n d marvelous is the long-suffer- which in scorn they reply, "Even that
ing of God, in that H e does not send us which they build, if a fox go up he shall
days of persecution, as of old, and so make even break down their stone wall." N o
us realize what is said of the primitive dis- wonder that Nehemiah and those that
ciples, "Therefore, they that were scat- wrought with him in the work of fortify-
tered abroad went everywhere preaching ing Jerusalem should cry, "Hear, O our
the Word." Quick notice they had; no God, for w e are despised, and turn their
waiting on a formal appointment, or taking reproach on their own head." (Neh. iv : 2)
time to consider the matter, or delaying Or, as during the same eventful times, the
till an extensive outfit be prepared, but opposition m a y be by threats, and some-
fleeing away at a moment's notice, having, times by treachery. But worst of all was
hke the angel that John saw flying in the it when the m e n of Judah themselves com-
midst of heaven, " the everlasting gospel to plained, " The strength of the bearers of
preach to them that dwell on the earth, and burdens is decayed, and the rubbish is
to every nation, and kindred, and tongue, great, so that w e are not able to build the
and people." Da'vid wished for the wings wall." That just means in modern phrase-
of a dove to carry him away from his trou- ology, " W e have plenty to do at home, our
bles, but better, in Christ's service, to be means are limited, Poreign Missions are so
able to say, " T e have seen h o w I bear you expensive, and the results so uncertain, w e
on eagles' wings." (Exod. xix: 4.) Or what really cannot undertake anything more.'
is said of Saul tod Jonathan, " They were But there is nothing gained by yielding to
swifter than eagles, they were stronger discouragement. W h e n a person in the
than lions;" and better still to have Ga- Arctic regions is overcome by cold, and in-
briel's wings, " W h o was caused to fly sists on lying d o w n and going to sleep, the
swiftly " when sent with a message to the only safety is to keep him moving. Kept
prophet; and above all that w e have the moving he lives, go to sleep and he dies.
wings of the Angel of Vision, when sent H o w noble, wise and reasonable what is
to bear the message of Mercy to a perish- reported of Jonathan, when he sought
ing world. David, then a fugitive in the wilderness,
3. Such activity and growth, by the effu- and "strengthened his hands in God."
sion of the hving water, will also prevent Moreover, when G o d blesses any enter-
 Our Views of Mission Work.
prise, missionary or otherwise, with a good
measure of success, it is setting His seal
upon it as His own, and therefore it hath
both claim and obligation as to our most
hearty support. A n d as w e keep ourselves
under the genial warming influences from
on high,, that make the grass grow and the
willows spring, w e will have neither wish
nor inclination to "wearyin well-doing."
Another fact of prime importance, how-
ever, is that they w h o have received the
li'raig water are heard expressing them-
selves thus, " O n e shall say, I a m the
Lord's; and another shall call himself by
the n a m e of Jacob; and another shall sub-
scribe with his hand unto the Lord, and
surname himself by the name of Israel."
It is generally agreed that these three
clauses are descriptive of acts of covenant-
ing on the part of those w h o have received
the living water, and that the description,
in its entirety, is taken from, the marriage
covenant. In the marriage covenant, when
the bride yields herself to be possessed by
the m a n of her choice, it corresponds to the
first clause, " I a m the Lord's." W h e n she
assumes her husband's name, it corre-
sponds to the second clause, " shall call
himself by the name of Jacob." A n d when
subscribing and indorsing the marriage
contract, which gives legal form and effect
to the whole, it corresponds to the third
clause, "shall subscribe with his hand,"
etc. These three clauses therefore furnish
very full and satisfactory information as to
the nature of religious covenan ting, whether
in its formal or informal aspect, in one
or other of which all believers in Christ are
included. In informal covenanting such a
relation to G o d as is implied in baptism,
a profession of the Christian religion, a
formal creed and terms of communion, par-
taking of the Lord's Supper, and acknowl-
edged practical obHgation, etc., is substan-
tially a covenant, and they that hold such
relation are virtually in covenant with
God. A n d m a n y expressions in the N e w
Testament exhibit behevers as thus sub-
stantially exemplifying covenant relation,
as w h e n it is said of the Macedonians,
"But first gave their o w n selves to the
Lord, and unto us by the 'will of God;"
and when to the Eomans, "But yield your-
selves unto G o d as those that are alive
from the dead," and," Present your bodies
a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable unto
God, which is your reasonable service."
" A n d they that are 'with H i m are called
and chosen and faithful."
Formal covenanting, however, is either a
vow uttered before witnesses, or a written
compact, sworn to, subscribed and wit-
nessed, so as to give it legal obligation.
In such covenanting w e avouch G o d as
our God, in saving relation, and bring
ourselves, by formal act, under His law
and government, as when Israel at Sinai
responded, " All that the Lord hath said,
will we do and be obedient." At the
same time there was the " B o o k of the
Covenant," from which " Moses readin the
audience of the people," and which, sprink-
led with sacrificial blood at the same time
as the people, was to remain to all genera-
tions, God's covenant 'with the nation and
the charter of all their privileges. This
covenant in times of religious re-yival was
frequently renewed, and was found emi-
nently calculated to promote the power of
godliness in the land, and secure peace,
prosperity and good, under the care of a
covenant God. Thus Nehemiah and the
returning captives, after confession of sin,
and a statement of their difficulties and
 Our Views of Mission Work.

trials, declared, " A n d because of all this vicissitudes of the Church's history, it is
w e make a sure covenant, and write it, and well calculated still to help forward her
our princes, Levites and priests seal unto work.
it." 1. A covenant relation to G o d gives us
That covenanting, public and private, is closer and clearer -views of the gospel of
still our duty and privilege, and that w e tbe grace of God. The W o r d of G o d in
also m a y " swear to the Lord," and " lift the Gospel is a covenant proclamation,
up holy hands -without wrath or doubting," sworn to and attested by the oath of God,
is abundantly clear from various considera- and in this aspect accepted and embraced
tions, such as that G o d has always dealt by all w h o "have laid hold of His cove-
-with m a n on the grounds of a covenant, nant." Thus, " L o o k unto M e and be ye
and that Christ has been " given as a Cov- saved all the ends of the earth, for I a m
enant of the people;" but perhaps the G o d and there is none else, I have sworn
clearest proof is that the predictions of by Myself and the woi-d is gone out of M y
the Old Testament concerning the N e w mouth in righteousness and shall not re-
Dispensation always represent it as thus turn, that unto M e every knee shall bow,
characterized. T h e nations when con- every tongue shall swear." A n d again,
verted are to be the children of Abraham, " M y word that goeth forth out of M y
grafted into the good olive tree, married to mouth, it shall not return to M e void, but
the Lord and to enjoy all the privileges of it shall accomplish that which I please and
covenant relation. They are to be soldiers it shall prosper in the thing whereto I sent
under an oath of allegiance to Christ as it." So also the promise made to the Ee-
their Captain, the bride, the Lamb's wife, the deemer Himself: " As for m e , this is M y
true Israel to w h o m all covenant promises covenant with them, saith the Lord; M y
are " the sure mercies of David," " sure to Spirit that is upon thee and M y words that
all the seed " " and everlasting " in their I have put in thy mouth shall not depart
permanence. Accordingly G o d declares, out of thy mouth, nor out of the mouth of
" Por this is the covenant that I will make thy seed, nor out of the mouth of thy seed's
with the house of Israel, after those days seed, saith the Lord, from henceforth and
(New Dispensation), saith the Lord, I will forever." (Is. lix: 21). W h a t encourage-
put M y laws into their mind and wUl ment, assurance of success and stimulus to
write them in their hearts and I will be to activity are in such words.
them a God, and they shall be to M e a 2. Assured covenant relation to G o d is
people." (Heb., viii: 10.) Thus the blood an ever-prevailing argument in prayer for
sprinkled Book of the Covenant is not a success. Job says, " I wouldfillm y mouth
mere ceremonial rite but the substance and with argumeats,'' and none so frequent or
terms of our new covenant relation to the so powerful as the plea of covenant rela-
G o d of Israel as accepted in the work of tion. "Have respect unto the covenant,
Christ. Covenanting, therefore, is not for the dark places of the earth are full of
ceremonial but moral, and thus applies to the habitations of cruelty"—a petition that
all and endures forever. A n d eminently seems just made for missionaries. Our
helpful as it has often proved in various Father has given to His Son " the heathen
6 Our Views of Mission Work.

for inheritance and the uttermost parts of unity of purpose and effort is not likely to
the earth for possession," but on the con- achieve m a n y victories. A n d what a con-
dition, " Ask of Me;'' and so H e Himself trast w e have in prophecy in two different
has been asking, and the Church has been conditions of the tribes of God. First they
asking, " Thy Kingdom oome; " come are represented as eating one another,
quickly, dear Lord, and take possession " A n d he shall snatch on the right-hand
of what Thou hast already the grant. A n d and be hungry; and he shall eat on the
when in answer to such asking, H e brings left-hand, and they shall not be satisfied ;
the Gospel as a search light, to bear on the they shall eat every m a n the flesh of his
condition of the nations thus given Him, o w n arm; Manasseh,Ephraim, and Ephraim,
h o w sad the revelations and h o w horrid Manasseh; and they together shall be
the cruelty, and h o w abominable the filthi-against Judah." A state of things in even
ness thus discovered. A n d as a praying the Christian Church against which Paul
world stands by with intense commisera- found it necessary to warn the Galatians.
tion for the vile and perishing, how blessed " But if ye bite and devour one another,
a thing it is that we have covenant petitions take heed that ye be not consumed one of
supplied by the Spirit with which w e can . another''—a state of things not uncommon
fill our mouths with arguments. in the Church still. W h e n , however, in the
3. Covenanting being the highest form latter day, the tribes of Israel—" God's
of consecration, it should both dispose and covenanted host''—shall conquer the world
prepare us for Mission work. "But first for Christ, h o w lively the contrast. " The
gave themselves to the Lord," as already envy also of Ephraim shall depart and
noticed, substantially expresses what every the adversaries of Judah shall be cut off.
believer in Christ, in one form or other, Ephraim shall not envy Judah and
seeks to realize, namely, assured relation Judah shall not vex Ephraim, but they
to God. The true believer gives himself shall fly upon the shoulders of the Philis-
away and never regrets or withdraws the tines toward the West." A n d to empha-
gift, but is rather thereby stimulated and size the same truth, Ezekiel was directed
made ready for every form of obedience. to take two sticks, one having written on it
Like the son of Amos, whenfirstcalled to the name of Judah and the other the name
God's work, he m a y feel his own inefficiency of Ephraim and to "join them together as
and keep crying, "Woe's m e , I a m a m a n one stick in his hand." N o w nothing oan
of unclean lips," but so soon as his lips are so realize such oneness a m o n g the people
touched with the sacrificial coal, h o w differ- of G o d as the judicious observance of the
ent his request, "Here a m T, send me.'" ordinance of covenanting, as has been fre-
Consecrated to Christ, he cannot repress quently experienced, especially in reforma-
the feeling " Thine are we, David, and on tion times when the faithful followers of
thy side, thou son of Jesse." the L a m b thus banded themselves together,
il Social and public covenanting would al- not only for mutual defense, but for the
so consolidate the followers of Christ and more effectual efforts to promote God's
concentrate their efforts in Christ's cause. cause and kingdom on earth. A n d prophecy
A n army with broken ranks and little gives many hints by no means obscui-e, that
 Our Views of Mission Work.
the spirit of this observance shall charac-
terize that blessed era w h e n " T h e Lord
shall be King over all the earth; in that
day shall there be one Lord and His name
one."
5. Prophecy also intimates that nations
as such will, in the latter day, seek to pro-
mote the cause of G o d and the interest of
true religion, by entering into covenant
with God. Israel was in m a n y respects a
typical nation, and prefigured what all
other nations would become in the
day of God's power. N o w , as a nation,
Israel was in covenant with God, and that
was the grandest and most distinguished
privilege it could ever reach. N o w if other
nations on their becoming an inheritance
and possession of Christ are to " Kiss the
son," accept His law and be blessed with
blessings of His kingdom, w h y not with
this privilege of covenant relation to G o d ?
Some, w e know, do not favor the doctrine
of national covenanting. They suppose
that it would mix up the temporal and
spiritual in civil government and would
lead to persecution and other evils. But
if we believe the Scriptures that G o d made
one nation as a model, that there H e had
His " dwelling place," and m a d e there "the
place of His feet glorious,'' that the nation
was Hephziba and Beulah*, delighted in and
married to the Lord, and that our privileges
are not less than under the former dispen-
sation, but in m a n y respects greatly en-
larged, then w e cannot see w h y Other
nations, on submitting to God, should not
be similarly blessed. W e know that of
Egypt it was promised, " The Lord shall
be known to Egypt and the Egyptians
shall know the Lord in that day, and shall
do sacrifice and oblation ; yea, they shall
vow a vow unto the Lord and shall per-
form i;t"—the very essence of national
covenanting. (Is. xix:21.) O n equal standing
with Israel, other heathen nations, when
converted, are also recognized. " In that
day shall Israel be the third with Egypt
and with Assyria, even a blessing in the
midst of the land, w h o m the Lord of Hosts
shall bless, saying, Blessed be Egypt,
m y people, and Assyria, the work of m y
hands, and Israel, mine inheritance.''
(Is. xix:24.) A n d in h o w many ways cOuld
converted, covenanted nations help for-
ward the cause of Christ and the interests
of religion without either sacrilege on the
one hand or persecution on the other. B y
providing a thoroughly Scriptural educa-
tion for the young, removing obstacles out
of the way of the Gospel, suppressing vice,
and in constitution, legislation and admin-
istration, honoring and obeying the "Lord's
Anointed," not only as " King in Zion," but
" King to the ends of the earth," nations
could perform a glorious work for Christ.
All of which, w e rest assured, will ih due
time be realized, when " The kingdoms of
this world shall become the Kingdom of
our Lord and of His Christ and H e shall
reign forever and ever."
While such, however, is our hope and
daily prayer, members of the E. P. Church
should never forget that twenty-two years
ago (1871) -we engaged in a solemn act of
public covenanting, among other things to
help to quicken us in Mission effort and
work; and that while (Covenant, section 5)
w e acknowledge our obligation and confess
our remissness and neglect, w e solemnly
before G o d declare, "That henceforth by
our prayers, pecuniary contributions and
personal exertions, w e will seek the revival
of pure and undefiled religion, the conver-
sion of Jews and Gentiles to Christ, that
all m e n may ' B e blessed in H i m and all
nations m a y call Him' blessed.'"
 Items of Missionary InteUigence.
ITEMS OF MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE.
ABEOAD.
Latakia.—Our beloved missionaries, Eev.
and Mrs. James Stewart, have been recent-
ly called to mourn the removal of their
dear boy, Alvin. In a brief communica-
tion dated November 25, 1893, Mr. Stew-
art writes : " H e was quite healthy until
two weeks ago. O n our Communion Sab-
bath (November 12) he was able to be car-
ried to the church and to lie in the seat,
but that, I think, was the last time he was
out of the house. The disease was dysen-
tery, which is quite prevalent here and in
Suadia, but not generally fatal. It failed
in his case to yield to medical treatment,
and he grew worse gradually, until yester-
day at 3 A. M., when he fell asleep. H e
was very patient, never cried or even fret-
ted, but towards the last seemed very
much distressed and weary. At 3 p. m. w e
laid him to rest beside Jean, thus marking
ourfirsthalf decade, as well as our first
year, with a new-made grave. But w e be-
lieve that H e w h o gathereth the lambs in
His arms and carrieth them in His bosom
cared for him, so that he neither feared nor
saw evil in the dark valley, and that w e
shall one day meet him in the heavenly
country." Every friend of the Mission
will bear these sorrowing parents in his
heart at a throne of grace. They deeply
need the sympathy, support and comfort
that only the Lord Himself can give.
Suadia.—Through the kindness of Mr.
Walter T. Miller, w e are able to give our
readers a paragraph from a letter that he
received on the 9th of December from Eev.
J. Boggs Dodds. The letter informs Mr.
MUler that the work on the buildinsr ia
nearly completed, and contains the foUow-
ing incident:
One day a Greek tile-layer was at work
on the roof. His fourteen-year-old boy
was there as his helper. But I saw that
he was doing nothing most of the time and
was caUing a Fellah boy to do the most of
his work. I told him, through an inter-
preter, to come down and work elsewhere
and let the Fellah do the work on the roof.
The boy stepped up the ladder when I
turned to other work and told the father
that I had said, "This FeUah is better than
you; you go home and let Joseph take
your place." This put the father into a
towering rage. H e came do'wn from the
roof shouting and talking furiously. I
came to know the trouble, but before the
interpreter could tell m e the m a n and boy
were gone. I learned that he had sadd he
would not work 'with a FeUah when his boy
could not work too. O the poor, despised
FeUaheen! H e is only a dog in the eyes
of these bigoted Greeks and Moslems.
Several workmen tried to persuade the
m a n to stay. I said, " Let him go ; I wiU
do the work with that Fellah." I went up
on the roof and worked away untU another
workman could be let off from other work
in the house. M y heart went up in prayer
as I worked with that PeUah boy that he
and his people might be blessed by our
spiritual work a m o n g them. I was glad
to be able to do that work on the roof
with the despised Pellah in sight of half a
dozen Greek and Moslem workmen. I
find it a great advantage to be able to take
a tool and use it efficiently. There is the
gospel of the brotherhood of mankind in
it; the exhibition of the dignity of labor
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
by it. I have since heard that the Greek
said that his son told what was untrue as
to what I said. H e did misrepresent me.
The m a n has tried to be very kind to m e
since, chiefly, I think, because he found
out that he was not entirely indispensable
to our work so long as I a m here.
' Miss Cunningham is learning to build
houses, so she says, and w e U she may, be-
cause she is quite indispensable in the
work.
The Lord's hand is with us, I think, in
our work, and H e cheers us by the safe
voyage of our new missionaries.
Mersine.—The following extracts from a
letter recently received from Mrs. M . E.
Metheny wiU be of interest to our readers,
as showing the difficulties that our mis-
sionaries have to contend with in Turkey:
In two weeks more I will, if spared,
have spent half m y life in this country,
and that is just equally divided between
Syria and Cilicia.
In all these years I have never seen a time
that seems so dark as the present. I wonder
if the Christians at h o m e remember to pray
as they should that the Lord will speedily
make it possible for the Gospel to be
•preached to all in this land.
The two little girls about w h o m I wrote in
the summer are still here, but w e do not
know what the future will bring. The
Governor-General sent for Dr. Metheny
last week to go to Adana, and talk over
the question. In the course of the conver-
sation, he intimated that it would not be
for the honor of the school if the girls
should be arrested in the street. This
week on Monday, he came to Mersine' and
called to see the Doctor, bringing with him
the Chief of Public Instruction for this
district. They had a very pleasant talk, and
the girls were not mentioned. U p to the
time when the Doctor went to Adana, the
Governor had evidently known nothing of
the Strauss law, as w e call it. After being
told of its pr6visions and that w e had
complied with them, he searched and
found that it was true, though our diplo-
mas and certificates had been lost. W h e n
here he complained that the Doctor would
not let the Inspector visit the schools.
The Doctor said certainly he could visit
the boys' school. Tuesday he came and
said, after going through a form of exam-
ining the teachers, that he was going to
write a permit for the school. Doctor said
if that was to be construed that up to this
time our schools were irregular, he could
not accept it; if it was simply an acknowl-
edgment that they had neglected to give
us the certificate that w e had complied with
the regulations, very good. H e said that
was all that was meant by it. H e pro-
ceeded to write, giving permission to teach
all sects of Christians. Doctor told him
he need not trouble himself to write any
further, as, of course, w e could not turn
away any non-Christians w h o might apply.
The Inspector reminded him that the Sul-
tan was the successor of the Prophet and
all obedience was due to him. Doctor an-
swered that Christ had commanded us to
teach all nations, and w e could accept
nothing that would prevent us from obey-
ing Him. Our Psalms continue to be very
appropriate. Only yesterday evening, af-
ter receiving an official communication of a
distressing nature, which it would not be
prudent to make public, our Psalm in
regular course was the 93d. To-day m y
calendar verses are Psalm xxxvii : 5 and
Prov. iii: 5, 6. It seems to m e I never be-
10 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
fore knew h o w to be so thankful when
morning comes that w e are all spared.
H o w it wiU be, w e do not know, but it
must be that H e wUl make the wrath of
m a n to praise Him.
Our circle is in usual health, but there
is serious sickness in the eongregation.
Eosa Juban, w h o taught for us several
years, is very low, and Ghalie, w h o taught
both here and Latakia, is also dangerously
iU.
The weather is quite dry for this time of
year, and is bright and warm, but the
crops need rain. Our congregations are
still a "mixed multitude." The sermon
has usually to be translated into Turkish.
Since coming from the mountains, the
wife of the French Consul has been a pretty
regular attendant. The former Consul and
his family were all devout Catholics, as are
all the French here. This one is a Catho-
lic, but his wife is a Swiss Protestant and
does not seem ashamed of it. She under-
stands some Turkish and Arabic, but
knows EngUsh better than either, and
wishes to come to our Thursday evening
prayer-meetings (English). She was here
yesterday evening.
Ameeioan Boaed Missions.—The survey
of the missionary work of the American
Board, presented at its annual meeting in
October, 1893, closed with these encourag-
ing words: Under the care of the Board,
at more than 1,200 strategic points, amid a
population of not less than 100,000,000
souls, engaging the efforts of 557 mission-
aries and 2,738 native helpers, including
442 churches with 41,566 members, 3,570
having been received this year, gathering a
host of 48,585 pupils in schools of ali grades,Mexico.—Doctor Dennis, in his lectures
from the kindergarten on the one hand up on " Foreign Missions After a Century,"
through high school and college to the
theological seminary on the other hand,
administering medical relief to 120,000
patients, and distributing the Bible and
Christian literature by miUions of pages
annually, this subUme work is advancing
to victory. The movement is slow, the
agencies are many, the obstacles most
diverse; but on the whole, as w e look aboard
over aU the fleld the darkness is passing,
the dawn deepens, and everything thrills
with opening life. The day of salvation,
the day of G o d to a redeemed world is at
hand.
China.—CAma's Millions for September
contains the report of the China Inland
Mission for 1892. Thirty-four workers and
37 associates reached China in the course
of the year. At the date of the annual
meeting the total number of workers was
552, of w h o m 115 were associates. Eight
of the workers died during the year. The
number of stations is 106, one more than
last year, 'with 101 outstations. The num-
ber of helpers is 323, of w h o m 95 were un-
paid. The number of converts baptized
during the year was 673 ; and at the end
of the year there were 3,637 communicants,
members of 107 organized congregations.
Educational work was carried on in 8
boarding and 21 day schools, mainly for
the benefit of the children of Christians,
Medical work was carried on in 7 hospitals,
15 dispensaries, and 20 opium refuges ; but
besides these refuges a number are carried
on by native Christians at their own
charges. The gross income of the Mission
was £34,356, of which £24,496 was from
England.
 Items o f Missionary Intelligence. 11
says: " A s w e enter Mexico, w e come in day has been spent in the Mission and you
contact with a story of civil progress and shall have the benefit of it for your
missionary success which is an occasion for November meeting. This day has been
gratitude, and gives large hope for the fu- devoted to the kitchen and Miss McBur-
ture. Within a generation a down-trodden ney's school-room. This school-room is the
and priest-ridden nation has w o n civil lib- advanced grade. I a m able to-night to
erty, and come out into the light of mod- name them all, and have an idea of their
ern republican civilization. Protestant abilities and the time they have been in
Missions fully established 21 years school. Thefirstexercise in the afternoon
a.go have just come of age in our neighbor- was singing the Twenty-third Psalm. Next
ing republic. Twelve missionary societies was a half-hour for study of the Psalms.
are already at work there with a T h efirstready with a verse took the head
record full of promise. T h e missionary of the class. Miss McBurney kept the rec-
statistics of Mexico yield such encouraging ord while I heard the reciting. T w o re-
results as the following: There are 385 or cited three times during that half-hour.
ganized churches, 177 foreign missionaries, Not many of our children could have
512 native workers, 16,250 communicants, exceeded that. I noticed their names
50,000 adherents, over 7,000 of the young were familiar ones to m e . I a m glad I
under instruction in Mission schools, and have been an attentive reader of the
over 10,000 in Sabbath-schools. Literary Church's Mission news the past years. It
agencies have nbt been neglected. During makes m e so m u c h better acquainted with
the last year the agent of the American Bi- the evolution of this Mission and fits m e
ble Society sold 4,361Bibles, 7,475 Testa- for m y work here. T h e next half-hour
ments, and 9,240 Gospels T h e Govern- was spent in the geography of the United
ment is professedly friendly, and guaran- States. The teacher asked m e of m y
tees full protection to its citizens, and is h o m e and points I passed on the way, and
re£kdy forcibly to interdict all religious the pupils took turns in locating these for
persecution." me. T h e next half-hour was given to
arithmetic. Then came recess, after which
AT HOME. almost an hour was spent in the study of
Cache Ceeek Mission.—The following the books of the Bible. Those w h o could
communication was sent to the Woman's name all were asked to rise. Pour re-
Missionary, Society of N e w Castle, Pa., and mained in their seats. With these the
has been kindly forwarded to the Heeald teacher began, having each one go as far
OP Mission N e w s for publication. Letters as he could. All' named to the Minor
of this kind are needed to give the Prophets, and one through them. Then
churches a correct idea of what is being all w h o were standing took turns, each re-
done among the Comanche, Apache and citing perfectly. Did it take time and pa-
Kiowa Indians, and thus keep ahve their tience, do you think ? This was done that
.interest in the work: each one might be helped in articulation
I have thought to write each day's ob- as well as pronunciation. Then the books
servations in the form of letters. O n e were classified : History, Poetry, Prophecy.
12 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

This was in preparation for a class Mr. Cari-would bave less time and need to com-
thers conducts on Sabbath evening in the plain of lack of growth. And if aU workers
Testimony and Catechism, such as Mr. Mar- could realize that they are being read as
tin has at N e w Castle. Then sohool closed a book by those who cannot read at all, or
with an exercise in writing. The children who do not read at all, it would stir us up
are sensitive and seem to realize their need to double our diligence.
of training. But, oh, they do so well and Tours in Mission work,
are so wilHng to try. Miss Carithers and M. S. Gibson.
Miss McBurney each had eleven children to
care for at dinner. Miss Speer had nine Selma, Ala.—In a letter dated Dec. 4,
at her table. These are the largest ones 1893, Miss Margaret McCartney writes:
who bring anything that may be found " Our school this year is very prosperous
wanting. Everything is set on the table and under the leadership of Professor
before we are seated. Each teacher helps Mclsaac is fast gaining ground in the es-
the plates at her table. I sat beside the timation of the people here. There are
matron. For dinner we had bread and 216 pupUs enrolled." A n item of this Mnd
meat, both excellent, with soup, beans and each month would keep the Southern
cold slaw, also all the mUk we wanted. I Mission before the churches and secure
had a good dinner. At supper the three larger contributions.
ladies and I ate alone. This gave us an
opportunity for conversation, which is Spaeta, III.—The Missionary Society of
next to impossible when the music of the Sparta Congregation held its fourth
"bread, please," "meat, please," or "milk, annual meeting, Saturday, Nov. 25. The
please," is falling oa your ear at irregular treasurer's report was as follows:
intervals. For supper, we had rye mush,
Collected previous year $ 2 90
cold meat, chow-chow, watermelon, canned
Collected this year 94 30
peaches (from the home of some one of
Subscription yet due 11 80
the teachers), and sliced tomatoes. Oh,
but the tomatoes were delicious. The Total $106 10
vines are a little frosted, but will ripen
many more they think. After supper, came It was resolved to send the money this
prayer-meeting. Mr. and Mrs. Carithers year to Foreign Mission work in general.
have been gone since Tuesday visiting J. E. MoIlrov,
camps. They may not return until Satur- Secretary.
day; so you will see the weekly prayer-
meeting was composed of three women Newbueoh, N. Y.—The L. M. S. of the
and thirty-two children, Mary Carithers First Eeformed Presbyterian Church re-
being at home. Two men who were there ports as follows:
cutting hay and caring for the stock, also Another year has passed in our mis-
came in, but they only read a verse each. sionary life, and it is well to pause,
It was a unique prayer-meeting. If we that we may realize what that means.
at home would work as they do here we To us it has been three hundred and sixty-
 Items ofi Missionary Intelligence^
five da,ysfiUedwith the blessings of God,
some of them dark and sad, perhaps,
but even these were blessings in dis-
guise. D a y after day w e have been privi-
leged to meet with God, and receive the
messages from His Holy W o r d , which has
been "a lamp to our feet, and a light to
our path," Also w e have been abundantly
blessed in the public ordinances of God's
house. Sabbath after Sabbath receiving
such spiritual food as gave us strength for
many days, Por all this our hearts are
filled with praise and gratitude to our
Heavenly Pather, " w h o hath blessed us
with all spiritual blessings in heavenly
places in Christ Jesus," but when w e look
into the regions beyond a different picture
meets our gaze. Since our last anniver-
sary millions of souls in China, India,
Africa, and the islands of the sea have
gone out in darkness. N o God, no hope,
no heaven, no daily fellowship with a
Heavenly Pather, no study of His Holy
Word, no faithful servant of Jehovah to
point them to the light and lead them to
the Saviour whose heart-love yearns over
them. W h e n w e think of these things our
hearts are humbled as w e report the work
done through the year. W e have held
eleven (11) regular and one special' meet-
ing during the year, with an average at-
tendance of thirteen (13) members. W e
have n o w on our roll aboutfifty-fiveactive
and contributing members. W e have been
privileged to hold several of our meetings
at'the h o m e of our beloved president, Mrs.
Carlisle, who, in the great kindness of our
Heavenly Pather, has been so far restored
in health as to enable her to preside at our
meetings, for which w e are very thankfid.
Our meetings haye been conducted m u c h
in the usual way, reading missionary lives.
13
and each m e m b e r furnishing items of Mis-
sion news. Believing in the infinite power
of prayer, and that we can do nothuig
without it, w e have devoted thefirstfif-
teen minutes of each meeting in prayer for
Missions, also each member repeats a mis-
sionary verse from the Scriptures,
In our H o m e Mission work w e have
made some dresses for a needy family, and
have helped them in other ways, and a
committee has been appointed to look after
such cases and report them to the Society
for action.
Our Chinese School is doing very nicely.
After a vacation of two months in the sum-
mer, w e reopened with twelve scholars on
our roll, w h o attend quite regularly. Three
of our scholars have returned this past
year to their home-land, one on account of
illness, but w h o is n o w m u c h better; and
w e hope and pray that the seed sown in
their hearts m a y yield a harvest for Christ,
not only here, but in the dark land of ^China.
During a period of about eight months
the collections in the Chinese School
amounted to $45, which was forwarded to
the China Inland Mission.
The Junior C. E. Societies of the Church
and Mission w e always take a deep interest
in, and w e are glad that they are here to-
night to speak for themselves. The noble
work done for the Master by both of these
Bands is worthy of imitation by older so-
cieties.
At the suggestion of our president w e
have written to Miss Dodds of the Tarsus
Mission with a view of opening a corre-
spondence with thatfield,to bring us in
closer touch with the work. W e hope to
have a reply soon, as Miss Dodds and Miss
McNaughton promised to 'write us soon
after their arrival.
14 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

In closing this our annual report, while have never given anything; and that thus
w e rejoice that in our prayers and offer- far w e have been trifling with the whole
ings w e have been privileged to help on the question of Missions instead of treating it
great missionary oause, and to carry out with the dignity and with the appreciation
in part the Saviour's command, G o ye into which its importance positively deserves,
all the world and preach the Gospel to This is the King's business, and it is ours
every creature, yet w e feel that w e can ap- to follow the Master's lead, and carry the
propriate the words of Eev. A. T. Pierson Gospel to every creature."
from an address delivered in London: Lizzie Feazek,
" W e shall never do m u c h in any work Secretary.
for G o d so long as w e congratulate our- teeasueee's eepoet.
selves upon what w e have already done. „ , ,„ , »io <>a
T, . . 1 , 1 J 1 1 it, i. 1 !,„ Eeceived from m e m b e r s $io bU
It is the backward look that works harm. . ,„ , , c ,« «a
,„ ,,. ,, ,1. 1 . , . 1,. ri Eeceived from m e m b e r s tees i-i OU
' Forgetting those things which are behind, . ,, ,,, •,-, ^. -,-, ar,
, ,. J, ,1 , ,, ,,. 1,. 1 Eeceived from monthly collection.. 11 iO
and reaching forth unto those things which .' „ , . , . , „ , nr, nr
, „ , -, . „ J it „j. ;„ Eeceived from district coUectors,.. 30 75
are before—and pressing forward—that is
the only attitude for a missionary-spirited Donation ___
Christian; that is the only w a y to reach m i * 77 >^f;
tbe goal, and to attain the prize. A n d m y -^° * '..,........ iSi
.^ ' . i. J il, i- Collected b y Sabbath-school 332 62
voice n o w urges m earnest and pathetic ^^•-'^^^'"^^ "j
appeal that the whole Christian community
rise as one man, and covenant with Al- *
mighty God, that the things which have Sent to Syria Mission m dd
been done shall be forgotten, that the past
measure of consecration shall no longer be Balance $0 17
thought of as any adequate standard of Susie Wilson,
devotion to the Lord's work; that w e will Treasurer.
look, not at the few converts gathered,
nor at the few stations estabUshed, nor Boston, M a s s . — O n October 20, 1892, a
at the few Bibles distributed, but at the few ladies of the Second E . P. Congrega-
immense territory that remain to be taken tion, Boston, met and organized a Ladies'
for God, the vast millions that remain to Missionary Society with a membership of
be evangelized, the deep darkness tbat pre- five. Twelve more have been added dur-
vails, and the terrible death-shade that ing the year; one has removed. Our m e m -
hovers over so large a portion of the earth, bership at present is sixteen ; average
If w e really feel what the emergency is, attendance, seven. During the year we
what the crisis is, what are the needs of have had twelve regular meetings and five
the heathen, and what are the demands special meetings. Our meetings have all
of our ascended Lord, w e shall forget been pleasant; time being spent in devo-
everything else but the onward, forward, tional exercises, reading missionary selec-
upward movement. W e shall feel that w e tions, and also personal letters from
have never made any sacrifice; that w e workers in the field. Our work has been
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 15

preparing packages of clothing for our Shaeon, Iowa.—The foUowing is the ac

Southern Mission, the result of which was tion of the L. M. S. of Sharon on the
a box containing clothing and other useful death of Mrs. Susanna Huston :
articles sent December, 1892, and a barrel it is with feeUngs of deep sorrow that
containing clothing, September, 1893. .^^e record the death of Mrs. Susanna Hus-
W e have found that a very efficient way ton, the oldest member of this Society. For
of doing service is by means of a visiting niany years she was not able to attend the
committee of two, appointed at each meet- meetings, but showed her unfaiUng inter-
ing, whose duty it is to visit the poor and est in missionary work by contributing lib-
sick, comfort the lonely, welcome the erally to the oause of the Master. The
stranger, and to do good in whatever way strength that allowed her to remain here
opportunity presents itself. for fourscore years was for the last ten
The loving kindness of our Heavenly years much grief and labor. She was de-
Father has been great toward us, and as prived of sight, so that she could not read;
we take up the work of another year, let us but her memory was not impaired, and she
take as our motto, " Whatsoever thy hand derived much comfort from the precious
findeth to do, do it with thy might," truths of the Bible which she had hid in
looking to Jesus for strength and guid- her heart when she was young. This is
^^°®- Mbs, Thomas McCloskev, the third time in the last year that this So-
Secretary. ciety has sustained loss by death. One
taken away in the prime of life, two that
EECEIPTS. were old and full of days. Thus we are
Membership fees $12 50 reminded that " the young may die and the
Monthly collections,. •. 15 24 old must die," W e wish as a Society to
Sewing six sheets at 20 cents each.. 1 20 extend our sympathy to the bereaved
Total $28 94 friends upon w h o m this sorrow most heav-
il'V rests, and to be admonished by this
DISBUESEMBNTS. "^ . , . ^i . ,
providence to greater diligence m Christ s
Freight on one box and one barrel of cloth- ^^^^.^^_ ^^.^^ .^ ^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^
ing to the Southern Mission $ 3 80 ^^^ ^^^ .^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^^ j^ ^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^
A presentation 10 00 ^^^^ ^j^.j^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^^ opportunity.
Stationery 70 ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^^^j^ ^^^ j^^^^ ^^^ j^^^^^^. ^^^^
happiness of being dismissed from service
Balance in treasury 14 44 ^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^ a cumberer of the
Mbs. p. Deeksen, ground, C. M. Eobb,
Treasurer. Metta R. M. McElhinney, -
Mbs. j. M. Fosteb, Lizzie I. Edgae,
Oct, 26, 1893. President. Gommittee.

Every subscriber to the Heeald op Mission News is doing something for the evangeliza-
tion of the world.
16 Monographs.
M O N O G R A P H S .
GOD'S METHOD OF CUEING THE larger visions of H i s work, a n d so awak-
ANTI-MISSIONAEY SPIRIT.* ened it.
In the South there is a denomination
called the H a r d Shell Baptists. They have
two articles in their creed: thefirstis
election, and the second is they are the
elect. T h e y preach only to Christians, and
therefore send n o missionaries to the
heathen at h o m e or abroad.
H a d the Church at Jerusalem remained
as in the beginning of Acts xi. they would
have been H a r d Shells; but G o d had given
Peter a -nsion to break their shells. They
were in the Apostolic Succession. Peter
was arraigned because he had eaten and
drank with the uncircumcised. G o d healed
the Church of this heresy by leading Peter
to relate his vision.
To-day w e need young m e n w h o " see
visions " as well as old m e n w h o " dream
dreams." Carey had a vision, and h u n g it
in charcoal in his room as he proclaimed
to the Church, " Lengthen thy cords and
strengthen thy stakes." Judson had a
vision as he prayed b y the haystack,' and
yet another on the Atlantic. H e told their
meanings: " Salvation to the lost and obe-
dience for the saved, David Livingstone
had a vision of a lost Africa, and set forth
to explore and die in the Dark Continent.
Paul, a m a n of culture, " brought u p at the
feet of Gamaliel," w h e n at Troas saw the
m a n from Macedonia, and heard that cry
from the land of culture, " C o m e over and
help u s ! " H e heard and obeyed. Zin-
zendorf, Carey, Judson, found the Church
asleep. G o d called special m e n to have
"Extracts from an address deliyerod by Eev. A. O. She was the missionary in the Church, aud
Dixon at the thud annual meeting of the Amity Mission-
ary Conference in April, 1893.
Missionaries c o m e h o m e a n d tell of the
work, and the H o m e Church is kept aUve,
T h e center of early missionary effort was
not at Jerusalem but at Antioch. Collec-
tions came from pagan to h o m e churches,
and b y this union the anti-missionary spirit
was completely healed. Peter not only told
his vision, but brought n e w s of a heathen
family converted to G o d , a n d the Church
w a s roused. W e need the proofs or
samples, a n d Christians are quickened.
Paul took a tour a n d then c a m e back and
told the brethren about it. W e need to
keep before our people what G o d is doing
in the foreign field. T h e h o m e field is not
so m u c h a support to the foreign as the for-
eignfieldis to the h o m e . D i d the h o m e field
support Carey ? Mighty little ! Carey sup-
ported the faith of the Church at h o m e for
aboutfiveyears. Did the H o m e Church sup-
port Judson ? T h e y sent him s o m e money
while asking, " W h a t is the prospect f T h e
answer c a m e : " A s broad and bright as the
promise of God." W h o supported Jewett •?
" Y o u can't g o back; there are n o results.
It is a waste." This w a s what he heard,
" It is not. I a m going back, if only to die,"
w a s his reply. T h e n Dr. Clough was sent
out to care for his body a n d give him
Christian burial.
W e need to k n o w about these things.
Heroism of faith is seen abroad. B u t are
there not heroism and consecration at
home'? Yes, but one wants a telescope to
see them. I know one woman who gave all
her money to God and then went as a nurse.
her consecration opened the purses of
 Monographs. 17
others. She was thought a fool, but her shrines, and gods, of Paul's experience at
folly was the inspiration of the Church. Athens, which caused him to exclaim, " Y e
O n the foreignfield,however, it is the ex-
m e n of Athens, I perceive that in all things
ception where they do not give all to God.ye are too superstitious." Within five
T w o hundred millions of people can read minutes' walk of where these lines are
the Gospel in their o-wn tongues in con- written there are two heathen temples
sequence of the devotion and consecration which probably are not excelled in elabo-
of the missionaries. rateness of decorations and richness of
The story of Carey is thrUling, but most
furnishings anywhere in the world. They
of all when he called a meeting of mis- are connected with the mausoleums of two
sionaries and they resolved to make no shoguns, or feudal lords, leyasu and
money for themselves. They gave over lemitsu, w h o held sway over a large por-
$350,000. Carey himself gave $200,000, tion of the country more than three hun-
O n the foreignfieldthis was done, and the
dred years ago.
Church at h o m e was quickened by such news.But these temples and shrines were
built by their successors when the Buddhist
After visiting Africa, Darwin declared the
and Shinto religions were supported by the
natives reminded him of weird spirits from
State, and when the people were vassals
the other world, and shaking his scientific
head, he said, "It is not worth while to obeying implicitly the commands of their
waste time on such people,'' Twenty-five masters. Such superstructures would
years later Charles Darwin found there a never have been erected by the voluntary
Christian community, working and orderly,gifts of the people. In those old feudal
and sent £25 to the Secretary of the Mis-days the country was literallyfilledwith
sionary Society. All the sermons in the idolatrous symbols.
world could not have convinced Darwin, O n e cannot but be impressed with the
but the facts converted him. Calvert saidfact that decay and destruction seem to be
written upon aU except a few of these
that when hefirstlanded in Fiji, the natives
were cannibals, and on the shore looking temples, shrines, and gods. Nothing
for a feast. Twenty-five years afterwards seems to have been recently constructed,
and only the most important places are
he again landed there, and saw m e n running
on the bank. They were a life-saving crew,kept in good repair. I learn that in the
northern part of the empire, in the island
composed of the very savages w h o had once
been looking for his carcass. known as,Hokkaido, some n e w temples are
One live Lazarus is worth forty sermonsbeing erected, but although I have trav-
eledfivehundred miles overland and have
on the resurrection. W h a t w e need is that
the great accomplished facts be brought m a d e careful observations, I have seen but
before the Church, and the anti-missionaryone temple in course of construction, and
spirit -wUl be cured forever. none that looks as though it had been
erected in recent years.
DECAY OP HEATHENISM IN JAPAN. I have seen temples with roofs rotten
One is often reminded here in Japan, as and leaky, and shrines that were faUen
he wanders among innumerable temples. do'wn by decay. But yesterday I visited
18 Monographs.

the residence of one of the priests that influence, not only in the spoken word, but
belongs to the great temple of leyasu, n o w further and chiefly in actions. T h e Chris-
rented to a missionary as a summer home, tian Endeavor Society ha'ving once exerted
and found in a secluded nook his o w n an influence, must continue to do so while
private shrine ; but it was uninhabited by time shall last, even though its existence
anything except two ugly images of ani- m a y be brief, but the question at issue is
mals, and the roof that covers it had not so m u c h the durability of its influence
partly rotted away. Even about their as what its influence really is. T h e first
magnificent temples there is evidence and foremost theater of its action is in its
of decay. Stones that drop out of the o w n church. There its influence is to pro-
walls about the grounds are seldom mote loyalty,firstto Christ, and secondly
replaced, pavements are uneven, and stone to His Church; to keep the young at
steps, leading to the temples themselves work for the Lord by maintaining an inter-
are often sadly out of repair." The great est in missions at hojne and abroad; in
idol Daibutsu at Kamakura sits upon his temperance and other reforms; in the
seat of granite, in the open air, and the Sabbath-school; in the weekly prayer-
priests, though great effort has been made, meeting ; in Christian fraternity and
have as yet been unable to secure the sociability. T h e C, E . is but a training-
means with which to erect a temple to school where the young'are drUled for the
shelter his nakedness.—Rev. D r . A . B . „duties which devolve upon them as m e m -
Leonard. bers of Christ's Church. If a personal
CHRISTIAN ENDEAVOE—ITS reference m a y be pardoned, the influence
INFLUENCE.* of Christian Endeavor in our o w n congre-
Could a million and a half of human be- gation might be mentioned, the lai-ge pro-
ings be united in any cause, great or small, portion of the young people w h o are
good or evil, without exciting ah influence regular attendants at the weekly prayer-
of some kind on an innumerable throng meeting, w h o work in the Sabbath-school
outside of its o w n pale ? F r o m a tiny seed and contribute to Foreign missionary and
the Christian Endeavor Society has devel- H o m e schemes, are active Christian En-
oped into a giant tree, sending its roots deavorers. Y o u n g m e n and young w o m e n
into all parts of the world ; each society a w h o from fear or bashfulness were never
branch, each member a leaf—a monarch heard to speak a word for the Master in
among trees and towering head and shoul- public, or to invoke the divine blessing,
ders above its brethren, the sectarian have been gently drawn through the
societies. A m o n g the Hindoos is found a influence of the Christian Endeavor to put
school of phUosophers whose primal theory aside their fear and let their voices be
is the eternity of sound—that a word once heard in prayer and bearing testimony for
uttered vibrates through space without the truth. T h e pledge, which is one of
cea^sing forever. W h a t is more nearly the distinctive features of Christian En-
allied to our subject is the eternity of deavor, precludes the idea of self-relianoe,
* Read at the Fifth Anniversary of the Y . P S 0 E of affirming that its conditions can only be
the Second Beformed Presbyterian Ctiurch, NewYorTe, faithfully fulfilled by "trusting in the Lord
 Monographs.
Jesus Christ for strength," H a s that little
pledge been without its influence'? H a s
it never happened that the private devo-
tions were almost neglected bnt for the
thought of that pledge ? H a v e the words
"as Christ would have m e do,'' never
flashed into the mind just in time to pre-
vent us from making a breach or to inspire
us -with a pura and noble resolve'? T h e
voices of thousands of Endeavorers scat-
tered from pole to pole will unite their
voices in testifying what the influence of
that pledge has been upon their o w n souls,
and h o w their independence of character
has kept pace with their dependence on
the strength of a mightier than they.
Perhaps the social element in the Christian
Endeavor has been a load-stone which has
attracted the non-religious, proving as it
does that young people can be hearty and
happy and yet earnest Christians; that
Christianity is not confined to the four
walls of a church on one day of the week,
but that it is a far-reaching, gently-pene-
trating influence which reaches d o w n to
the practical, every-day matters of busi-
ness and school life and to the pleasures
and amusements in times of recreation.
The influence of the Christian Endeavor
Society since its institution has always
tended toward the unification of Christian
forces and the equalization of classes and
races, />i<er-denominational fraternity has
ever been one of its most precious watch-
words—not surrendering our o w n peculiar
doctrines, but acknowledging that w e are
"aU one in Christ," not the frothy talk of
brotherhood which characterized the Par-
liament of Eeligions at the World's Fair,
when Buddhist and Confucianist, Christian
and Moslem clasped hands and effusively
avowed their unity in seeking for truth.
19
With the y. P. S. C. E. the one c o m m o n
meeting ground is the Lord Jesus Christ,
the Eock on which w e build, and for the
rest it is simply an agreement to disagree.
However great and vastly extended the
influence of this noble society has been in
the past, it is not resting in passive self-
content, but it is deepening and widening
the channels already cut and at the same
time seeking n e wfieldsof labor. M a y the
influence of the Christian Endeavor ailways
be Godward and Christlike, noble and
gentle; and when its mission shall have
been accomplished in God's good time,
m a y it leave^behind it a loving remembrance
and a sweet fragrance of good deeds done.
" Let us the'n be up and doing,
With a heart for any fate.
Still achieving, stiU pursuing,
Learn to lahor and to wait."
Isabelle Tobbens Alexandee.
November 3, 1893.
THE WOESHIP OP JUGANNATH.
The town of Pooree, in Orissa, where
the great temple of Jugannath stands,
contains a large number of monasteries
presided over by Brahmin monks devoted
to tUe worship of Jugannath, These
monks, or pundas, send out from Pooree,
annually, 7,000 missionaries throughout
the length and breadth of India to proclaim
the n a m e and glory of Jugannath, I stood
this year by the great cars of Jugannath,
Bolaram, and Shubhadri (Jugannath's
brother and sister), surrounded by at least
100,000 pUgrims, w h o had come from all
parts of India to see the "lord of the
world " (jugat=world, nath=lord). I was
profoundly impressed with the spectacle.
This, I thought, is the result of the self-
denying enthusiasm of the missionaries of
20 Monographs.
Jugannath. Such their persuasive power
that they can induce many thousands of
m e n and w o m e n to leave their homes,
undertake difficult journeys of m a n y
weeks' duration, endure the greatest hard-
ships and privations, spend large sums of
money in order to obtain salvation through
fleeing Jugannath. As I thus thought, m y
mind began to draw a contrast between
this zeal and devotion to a shapeless
wooden log of an idol, albeit called "the
lord of the world," and the lethargy and
indifference of Christendom in proclaiming
the Gospel of the incarnate Son of God,
the true Jugannath ! The largest mission-
ary society of the Church of England is
only able to support 6,021 agents, male
and female, European and native included
{vide C.M.S. Report, 1892-93). Are there
not'scores of towns in Christendom much
larger than Pooree, and which contain as
many temples, dedicated to the Lord of
Heaven and Earth, and yet is there any
one town which makes as great an effort to
spread the knowledge of Jesus Christ
throughout the world as Pooree does to
spread the name of Jugannath in India •?—
Q, H, Parsons.
THE MOST PRECIOUS JEWEL.
At the meeting in Leicester June 1st, Rev,
F. B. Meyer made an earnest appeal for
consecration to Mission work, in which he
said: "Are there not m e n and w o m e n here
w h o are prepared to spare their children;
having withheld their consent until now?
I shall never forget h o w at Cardiff, on one
occasion, I had stood at the door of a
great meeting, and m y hands had been
filled again and again, and jewelry had
been stripped from the wearers and given
to m e for missionary purposes. The next
day a widow wrote t o m e and said: 'I
could not put the jewels into your hand
yesterday, for m y husband is dead, and we
have hard shifts to live, but I have one
jewel, m y daughter. She has been more
to m e than I can teU you. She has
brought up the younger children as a
mother. She has long wanted to go, I
could not let her go from rrty care; but last
night I gave m y alabaster box of ointment
to Christ, and if you will see to her going
out n o w I -will be glad to send her.' Will
not some father or mother give some great
gift to-night'?"—Helping H a n d .
GOOD MEN REVEAL GOD.
" Herein is m y Father glorified, that ye
bear m u c h fruit" (John xv: 8). Wherever
the Christ Ufe abides, there wiU be the
Christ fruit. If G o d is in the heart, some-
thing godly is sure to be 'wrought out in
the life. W h e n w e want to know anything
about the vine, w e test the grapes ; and
everywhere the Christian stands or faUs by
what can be known of his spirit. Grapes
can be painted or produced in wax so per-
fect in appearance as to deceive the eye
but they cannot deceive the taste. It is
by the taste of the fruit that w e obtain our
information about the vine, and it is by
what can be positively known of the Chris-
tian that the world judges of his Christ.
Christ is on trial every hour in the
Christian's hfe as decidedly as H e was
before PUate. The only place where H e
can be seen by the unconverted is in the
lives of living men. The spiritual man
sees H i m in all things, and most of all in
the written W o r d and in himself; but the
carnal mind is blind, and must have some-
thing that eye of flesh can behold, or
remain in the dark. This is always the
 Editorial Notes. 21

natural manner of progress for the blind. sinner that there is a Christ. The fact
The hand is put out to feel the way. There that there is good in the world is the most
is a groping from effect to cause. W h e n convincing proof that there is a good God.
the blind manfindsan apple he knows that It is not hard to believe in Christ when wo
there is a tree. It is the good he sees in see His face in the lives of those we love.
some man or woman that does more than —Parn's Horn.
all the books ever written to convince the

EDITORIAL N O T E S .

—Wanted.—An ordained minister for Bread within the reach of some who might
the Island of Cyprus. The need is ur- otherwise have perished with hunger. O n
gent. W h o will say, "Here am I, send the same principle will this Journal bo
me?" conducted till God in His providence shall
clearly indicate that there is no longei?
—With this issue the Heeald op Mis- any need of its services.
sion News enters upon the eighth year of
its existence.. All this time it has had only —In the September number of the Heb-
one object in view, namely, the reviving of ald OF Mission News, there was published
a missionary spirit in the churches and a correct list of the young women of the
the glory of Christ in the extension of Reformed Presbyterian Church who had
His Gospel. Nor has one cent received pledged themselves to aid in the support
from subscribers been used for any other of another foreign missionary for a term
purpose. As stated in tho original pros- offiveyears and had paid thefirstinstaU-
pectus, "all avails, after meeting cost of ment. To this list there is now to be added
production "—and this does not include the following names and addresses :
the time and labor of editing—"will be Mrs. J. H. Kirkpatrick $12 50
devoted to missionary work." In this Utica, O.
respect the Hbeald or Mission News holds Y. L. M. S., Beaver PaUs Congrega-
a unique position among the religious tion, Miss Retta E. Slater, Treas-
urer 12 50
periodicals of to-day, and consequently
Beaver Falls, Pa.
seems to have special claims to the con-
Miss Jennie B. Dodds 5 20
tinued support of the Church. It has not Mersine, Asia Minor.
been bread and butter to the publisher, Miss Margaret McCartney 3 65
nor to those who have enriched its columns Beaver Falls, Pa.
with their literary labors, but certainly it Miss Myrtle Tippin 3 65
has been the means of placing the Living Gregory, Kansas.
22 Editorial Notes.

The total amount thus contributed for five years, but the foregoing list contains
each year is now $736.47. Some of the simply the amount contributed for a year.
subscribers have sent forward their offer- Other names will be published as payment
ing for the second year, and the others are is made.
reminded that the second payment is due
—The following list contains the names
and should be forwarded to this office at
and addresses of Elders, with the amount
their earliest convenience. A formal re-
of their contributions to the support of an
ceipt wUl be mailed to each contributor,
" Elders' Missionary " :
and when the whole amount has been re-
ceived and covered into the Treasury, the Mr. James Scott $5 00
official voucher of Mr. Walter T. Miller Primrose, Pa.
will appear in this paper. W e shall gladly " Samuel Fishbaugh 3 00
add other names to this list, till the Erastus, O.
pledges reach the sum of $1,000, the full " WUliam Hogan 5 00
salary promised Dr. W . M. Moore, mission- Glenwood, Minn.
ary to Suadia. " T. G. Graham 5 00
" Thompson Moore 3 65
—The ministers who agreed at last Synod " G. R. MiUer 3 65
to unite in the support of a " Pastors' Olathe, Kan.
Missionary " have begun to send in their Mr. Robert W y U e 3 65
contributions. The following sums have Harlansburg, Pa.
been already received for thefirstyear: Other names will be rejDorted as pay-
Rev. S. G. Connor. $-10 00 ment is made. And it is earnestly hoped
Hickory, Pa. that the Elders wUl not let the Pastors run
« D. McKee 15 00 ahead of them in this good work. One of
Clarinda, la. the brethren, in forwarding money for him-
" James Patton 35 00 self and two others, writes :
Evans, Colo. " These contributions will be followed by
" R, C. Reed 10 00 our prayers and efforts to advance the
Houston, 111, Kingdom of Christ in the world."
" ,J R. W , Stevenson 15 00 Such an assurance is fuU of good cheer.
Kansas City, Mo. H o w the Heeald op Mission News would
" John S. Duncan 10 00 like to be able to report that the 482 Eld-
Parnassus, Pa, ers of the Reformed Presbyterian Church,
" G, M. Robb 10 00 over and above their regular contributions
N e w Alexandria. to evangelistie work at home and abroad,
" W . C. Allen 5 00 were supporting in this Year of Grace, 1894,
York, N. Y. a minister and two lady teachers in the
" R. J. George, D.D 20 00 foreignfield,and would, with the help of
Beaver Falls, Pa. God, continue to do so to the end of the
Two or three pastors, as previously re- present century. And an extra cent a day
ported, have paid for the whole term of would cover the whole expense.
 Editorial Notes.
— W h e r e are the Deacons'? Only one
Board has expressed a desire to have a
representative in the foreign field. Five
of the financial officers of First Boston
pledged themselves, months ago, to give
five doUars each for this purpose, provided
their brethren " in other parts of the
Church would give enough to raise the
necessary amount." Surely gentlemen
w h o have in charge the finances of a con-
gregation and are keeping constantly be-
fore the people the importance of liberality
in the support of the Gospel, ought to be
foremost in this matter. A nickel a week
from each of the 320 Deacons in the Re-
formed Presbyterian Church would pay
the salary of an ordained missionary. A n d
the Hebald op Mission N e w s knows young
men and young w o m e n w h o are only earn-
ing a few dollars a week, that pay that
much as an extra contribution to foreign
missionary work.
-'-We were agreeably surprised the other
dey to receive a note from Mr. H u g h
O'NeiU. It began thus: " I think the
holiday season wUl be a good time to send
m y check for Dr. Metheny's work in Asia
Minor. ' Y o u wUl find it enclosed." This
is the tenth $1,000 that Mr. O'NeUl has
given to Tarsus Mission during the last
decade.'^And "there's more to follow." About
the same time $100 was handed us for the
Foreign Missions, the liberal gift of two
loyal friends of the work, w h o have con-
tributed the same amount for several years.
At their request the money has been for-
warded to the Treasurer anonymously.
• —Money is required to meet the ex-
pense of repairing the Lower House in
Suadia. The Board was instructed to for-
23
ward from temporarily invested funds the
$1,250 or $1,500 needed tomake the neces-
sary repairs and alterations, that the
work might be completed before the rainy
season, and then appeal to the churches
under care of Synod to reimburse the
Treasury. The appeal has been issued for
months, but only a few individuals have
contributed anything for the purpose. If
w e w h o have comfortable homes and
churches were as liberal as many w h o have
been recently converted from heathenism,
there would be no lack of money to erect
buildings and at the same time extend the
sphere of missionary operations. Take,
for example, the converts to Christianity
in Madagascar, whose offerings to the Lon-
don Missionary Society are said to have
reached the astounding total of $31,240,
and yet the wages of a Malagasy laborer
is only about six cents a day. At a fare-
well meeting to outgoing missionaries of
the same Society, the chairman told h o w
the little island of Nin5, in the South Seas,
with 5,000 inhabitants and only 1,646 in
the membership of the Church, had sent
off during the year 1893 four missionaries
and their wives to N e w Guinea. " Besides
raising enough money to support their
eleven pastors and carry on other work,
they have sent $1,500 to the general funds
of the Society." Well might Mr. Horton
say, "If every community of 5,000 people
in England''—and we. will add, in the
United States—"will foUow in the steps of
that little island, all our difficulties will
disappear, and all the islands of the seas
and the continents will, within a few years,
be in the position of Nin6 itself—brought
to the feet of Christ."
Please send what you intend to give
toward the Suadia building, at your earliest
24 Editorial Notes.

convenience, to Mr. Walter T. Miller, Cot- m o n y and the uncompromising foe of all
ton Exchange Building, N e w York. that is out of harmony with the Di'rine
W i U in Church and State. T h e paper wiU
—We have received several copies of a " contain brief notes on current events "
little paper called the Missionary Circu- and " important items of news from aU
lar. It is the organ of the College Street parts of the world." The Sabbath-school
South Juvenile Missionary Association, department, called Our Youth, will occupy
Belfast, one of the oldest, if not the oldest, four pages, and m a y be had separately, for
society of the kind in the Reformed Pres- 50 cents a year, or as part of the regular
byterian Church in Ireland. At least w e weekly issue. T h e prospectus promises
suppose so. W e distinctly recollect hav- an exposition of the International Lessons,
ing attended some meetings of a Juvenile notes and illustrations, and "a faithful ap-
Missionary Association when at college in plication of the principles of the Lesson to
Belfast and a member of the congregation our o w n times and circumstances.'' W e
then under the pastoral care of Rev.WUliam wish for this n e w Weekly a 'wide circula-
McCarroll. tion.
The Missionary Circular furnishes in- Terms: Yearly, if paid strictly in ad-
teresting and valuable information respect- vance, $1.25. T o ministers, theological
ing the work in Antioch, Syria. F r o m the students, and clubs of ten or more, to one
number before'us w e learn that Dr. and address, $1.
Mrs. Martin, who have been on furlough Address the Covenanter Pubhshing
for several months, 'will spend part of the Company, 37 Federal Street, AUegheny,
winter in Antioch, " looking after the in- Pa.
terests of the Mission there." Though
Dr. Martin's health is m u c h improved, he " MiSUNDEESTOOD SCEIPTUEE."—Mrs. K.
still suffers from nervousness, and will not Nevin has kindly sent us a copy of this ad-
be able to engage in the work with the vigor mirable little volume. It is of no smaU value
and activity of former years. "His pres- for its lucid and scholarly discussion of
ence," however, " will be a source of com- certain passages of Scripture that the
fort and encouragement to the converts." late Dr. R. Nevin had m a d e the sub-
The same paper informs us that Mr. ject of special study during the
William M . Ne'rin, B, A., has been taken later years of his life. But to many
under care of Synod in preparation for it wUl be speciaUy valued as a touching
foreign missionary work, Memorial of an old friend. A n y one wish-
ing to have this book, which contains " an
—At last the Reformed Presbyterian exceUent, portrait of Dr. Ne-rin, together
Chureh is to have a weekly paper. The with a Biographical Sketch by Dr. Chan-
Christian Reformer and Dissenter should cellor, and the Funeral Sermon by the Eev.
supply a long-felt want in the families of Professor Dick, M.A.," should enclose an in-
the Church. The names of the editors are ternational money order for seventy-fiv?
a sufficient guarantee that it will be loyal cents to Mrs. K. Nevin, 12 BaU's Building,
to the distinctive principles of her Testi- Laurence Street, Belfast, Ireland,
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
FEBRUARY, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1894.

O U R VIEWS OF MISSION W O R K .

THE HOLY SPIRIT AND MISSIONS. the world into subjection to Him. " H e
Rev. J. S. Thompson, Utica, 0. shall build the Temple, and bear the glory.''
Andrew Murray says, that " Missions to The work of the Spirit, when H e would
the heathen are the one object of the come in power, was to be to glorify
mission of the Spirit." W e are accustom- Jesus. H e suffered "these things" atthe
ed to think of this as one of the objects hands of His enemies, but H e is to be
of the mission of the Spirit, but not as glorified by the lips of His friends, after
the one object of His mission. But the that they shall befilledwith the Spirit.
expression is undoubtedly correct, and To the disciples H e uses this language,
though H e does many other things for us, " Howbeit when He, the Spirit of truth is
yet all are for the sake of this one ultimate come. H e will guide you into all truth:
object. Missions to the heathen. for H e shall not speak of Himself; but
To the disciples the risen Jesus said, whatsoever H e shall hear, that shall H e
"Ought not the Christ to have suffered speak; and H e will show you things to
these things; and to enter into His glory ?" come. H e shall glorify me : for H e shall
The necessity that the Christ shall enter receive of mine, and shall show it unto
into His glory is just as imperative as was you.'' And again H e said, " But when the
the necessity that H e should suffer. But Comforter is come, whom I will send you
this glory into which H e must enter did from the Father, even the Spirit of truth,
not consist alone in His resurrection and which proceedeth from the Pather, H e shall
ascension to the right hand of glory. Nor testify of M e : and ye also shall bear wit-
does it consist alone in the eternal weight ness." It is plain that the Spirit was to
of glory that H e shall bear throughout glorify Jesus by speaking to them, not of
eternity. But as the scenes of His humili- Himself, but of Jesus, by testifying of
ation and suffering were placed upon this Jesus, but all for the purpose that they
earth, so H e is to be glorified on this earth.might testify of Jesus.
And the glory into which H e must enter, The Holy Spirit glorifies Jesus, not
consists in the bringing of all things into simply by testifying to the disciples of
subjection under Him, that H e may be Jesus concerning Him, and byfillingthem
recognized as the Head over all things. with His power and His influence. The
It includes the universal evangelization of glory of Jesus is tofillthe whole world.
the world, the bringing of the nations of H e is to be exalted in the hearts of men
26 Our Views ofi Mission Work.
everywhere, H e is everywhere to be rec-
ognized as the supreme object of love,
affection and adoration. A n d the Spirit
is to glorify Jesus by bringing about this
state of affairs in the world. A n d in order
to accomplish this H e uses those w h o m
H e has filled with His jDresence and His
power, as His instruments, or rather as
His living agents, in bearing the testimony
of Jesus throughout the whole world.
This they can only accomplish through
the medium of Missions.
The p>romise of the Spirit connects His
coming in power wiih Missiotis to the
heathen. In the Scriptures the name
heathen was applied to all except those
w h o were Israelites. W e n o w think of it
as applying to those nations where there
is no knowledge or worship of the true
God. But Webster so defines it as to in-
clude in it all irreligious and unthinking
persons. A n d so when it is said that
Missions to the heathen are the one obj ect
of the Mission of the Spirit, there are in-
cluded in that all irreligious, unthinking,
and unconverted persons.
The prayer of the 67th Psalm connects
the coming of the Spirit with Missions to
the heathen. " G o d be merciful to us and
bless us ; and oause His face to shine upon
us; that Thy way m a y be known upon the
earth. Thy saving health among all nations."
But the word there translated nations is
the same as is so often translated heathen.
The blessing there sought is evidently the
presence and power of the Spirit among
them. The object is that the heathen m a y
k n o w the way of God, or in other words,
it is that they may successfully missionate
among the heathen. But an inspired
prayer is paramount to a divine promise,
and such a prayer offered, and for such a
purpose, is equivalent to a promise that
when the Spirit is sought for this purpose
His power will be bestowed.
The great promise of the outpouring of
the Spirit, as this is recorded by the
Prophet Joel, evidently contemplates Mis-
sions to the heathen as a result of that
outpouring. " A n d it shall come to pass
afterwards that I will pour out m y Spirit
upon allflesh;and your sons and daugh-
ters shall prophesy, your old m e n shall
dream dreams, and your young m e n shall
see visions." A n d to this there is attached
the promise that "Whosoever shall eall
upon the n a m e of the Lord shaU be
saved.'' It is evident that they w h o would
receive the Sphit in power would witness
to H i m through whose n a m e alone there is
salvation, and the promise is that all who
receive that witness and call upon that
name shall receive salvation. There also
follows a promise that the captivity of
Judah and Jerusalem shall be turned. A
message is sent to the nations to be
gathered together, and all closes with
promise of wonderful blessing upon the
Church of God, and the scattering of all
her enemies before her. Thus it is evident
that the promise there given contemplates
Missions to the unconverted as the results
which would follow its fulfillment.
But the promises uttered by the lips of
our Saviour m u c h more clearly connect
the coming of the Spirit in power with
Missions to the heathen. In the 14th,
15th and 16th chapters of John there are
at least five very explicit promises of the
coming of the Spirit to the disciples. In
the 17th chapter there is the prayer offered
by Jesus for the disciples, in which H e
prays for three things to be wrought in
them, which wUl evidently be the fruits of
 Our 'Views of Mission Work.
the coming of the Spirit; namely, their
preservation, their sanctification, and their
unification. A n d H e adds this as the rea-
son why H e seeks these things for them,
" That the world m a y know that T h o u hast
sent Me," and again H e says, "That the
world may believe that T h o u hast sent M e . "
Evidently the purpose for which the Spirit
was to be given to them, evidently the rea-
son w h y H e prayed that they might enjoy
these fruits of the Spirit's coming, was
that, through the witness that they should
bear to Jesus, H e might be glorified by
the world knowing and believing that H e
had come from the Father as the Redeemer
of the world. The grand object for which
H e would be given to them would be Mis-
sions to the unconverted.
Again in answer to the question put to
Jesus by the disciples after His resurrec-
tion, " Wilt T h o u at this time restore the
kingdom to Israel 1" H e gives this answer :
" It is not for you to k n o w the times or the
seasons, which the Father hath put in His
own power. But ye shall receive power,
after that the Holy Ghost is come upon
you: and ye shall be witnesses unto M e
both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea, and
in Samaria and unto the uttermost parts
of the earth." This is the clearest and
most deflnite statement of all, reiterating
the promise of the Spirit; setting forth the
effect upon themselves—they should receive
power ; proclaiming the results that were
to follow this—they should be witnesses for
Him; setting forth the extent to which
their witness was to be delivered—not alone
at home, but even unto the uttermost parts
of the earth. Evidently Missions to the
heathen, the witness of Jesus carried unto
the ends of the earth, was to be the result
of the coming of the Spirit in power upon
27
them. The great commission which they
had received was, " G o ye into all the
world, and preach the gospel unto every
creature," and the promise that they n o w
receive is that by the coming of the Spirit
upon them they will receive the needed
qualifications for this work, and that then
they will fulfill the commission. D o not
these references fully sustain our proposi-
tion, that the promise of the Spirit con-
nects His coming in power with Missions to
the heathen'?
But observe again that Missions to the
heathen were the actual results of the com-
ing ofi the Spirit in power. W e find that
the lips of the disciples, which had been
closed until the day of Pentecost, are at
once opened—they enter at once upon the
work of witnessing for Jesus. The whole
impulse of their lives is n o w to tell others
of Jesus, and they tell the story with such
wonderful effects that on that one day there
are three thousand converted, and w h o re-
ceive baptism. Three thousand of the ir-
religious, unthinking, unconverted receive
that testimony on one day, thefirstfruits
of the mission of the Spirit, the seals of the
ministry of those disciples. A n d the work
does not end with one day, it was not a
mere impulse under the excitement of the
m o m e n t but passing off as soon as the
day closes, but it was a continuous effort,
bearing daily fruits, for there were adde.d
unto the Church daily of such as were be-
ing saved. Daily they witnessed for Jesus,
daily,Jesus was glorified by the leading in
of fresh trophies of victory. The most ob-
vious fruits of the outpouring of the Spirit
on that memorable day was not the joy of
the disciples, nor the comfort that was min-
istered to them, nor the knowledge of di-
vine things that was imparted to them, nor
28 Our Views of Mission- 'Work.
the miraculous gifts with which they were
endowed, but the multitudes w h o were
converted under their witnessing for Jesus,
A n d if w e judge of what was the grand ob-
ject of the coming of the Spirit in power
by what were the mbst obvious results, w e
must conclude that it was Missions to the
heathen. A n d though the W o r d was preach-
ed on that day and the days that followed
only at Jerusalem, perhaps, yet it was ac-
tually preached to the heathen, as is evi-
dent from the account of those w h o were
there and heard it.
But the glorifying of Jesus, which was
the great purpose of the coming of the
Spirit, contemplated the preaching of
Christ, not alone at Jerusalem, but to the
uttermost parts of the earth. A n d it was
not enough that H e be preached to those
heathen assembled in Jerusalem. The seed
must be scattered through the whole
world, the living messengers must them-
selves go even unto the uttermost parts of
the earth. It was not concentration, but
diffusion that was needed. Naturally the
disciples clave to one another. But this is
not long permitted. W h a t they do not do
willingly, the Spirit compels them to do
under the lash of persecution. Hence w e
find, in Acts viii: 1, that " There was a
great j^ersecution against the Church that
was at Jerusalem, so that they were scat-
tered abroad throughout all the regions
of Judea and Samaria, except the Apostles.''
Here is divine interposition to widen the
Mission work of the witnesses for Jeaus.
The martyrdom of Stephen about this time
served to increase thefiresof persecution,
BO that w e find the record in Acts xi: 19,
" N o w they that were scattered abroad upon
the persecution that arose about Stephen
traveled as far as Phenice, and Cyprus, and
Antioch," but it is added, " Preaching the
word to none but unto the Jews only," God
has thus compelled a wider diffusion, though
the spirit of exclusiveness is .stiU present.
But even during this period of exclusive-
ness there is discoverable thefirstmove-
ments of the Spirit towards a wider dif-
fusion of the witness for Jesus, in His im-
pelling force upon the individual mind. W e
have PhUip preaching Christ at Samaria,
and with marked success. But w e have
him also sent by the Spirit into the wilder-
ness, told by the Spirit to join himself to
the chariot of the Ethiopian eunuch, to
w h o m he preaches Christ, and w h o accepts
the testimony and receives baptism at the
hands of Philip. W e have the record of
the preparation of Peter by the Spuit to
go on a mission to the Gentiles, w e have
him preaching Christ to Cornelius and
other Romans, w h o receive the Gospel and
are baptized. A n d w e have m e n of Cyprus
and Cyrene preaching Christ to the
Greeks at Antioch. Thus w e have the
Spirit leading m e n to open n e w paths
where the Church had not thought of en-
tering. T h e Spirit must have a wider
field for His operations in the work of glori-
fying Jesus, hence these first movements
towards a girdling of the whole world
with the testimony of the witnesses for
Jesus.
But the work of the Spiiit in glorifying
Jesus throughout the whole world by the
testimony of the witnesses cannot be ac-
complished by simply occasional individual
effort. It can only be accomplished by
continuous, organized effort. Hence in
the 15th chapter of the Acts w e find the
record of a n e w era in the work of the
Church. " N o w there were in the church
that was at Antioch certain prophets and
 Our Views of Mission Work.
teachers. * * * A s they ministered to
the Lord, and fasted, the Holy Ghost said.
Separate M e Barnabas and Saul for the
work whereunto I have called them. A n d
when they had fasted and prayed, they
laid their hands on them, and sent them
away. A n d they, being sent forth by the
Holy Ghost, departed." This marks the
embarking of the Church, as an organiza-
tion, in the great work of missionating
among the heathen. T h e second of the
Acts gives the record of the enduement of
the Chureh for her great work, the inter-
vening chapters give the record of her
work,firstat Jerusalem, afterwards, under
the lash of persecution, in a wider region,
but to the Jews only, except an occasional
individual effort to carry the witness to the
Gentiles. But this marks the period when
Poreign Mission work becomes a part of
the organized effort of the Church. It is
no longer occasional individual effort, but
continuous organized effort. F r o m this
point forward the book of Acts is taken up
almost entirely with an account of the
Foreign Mission work of the Church. F r o m
this forward w e hear very little about Jeru-
salem and Judea, but w e hear m u c h about
the uttermost parts of the earth. The
Church's organization n o w includes a For-
eign _Mission.
From the day of the coming of the Spirit
in power there has been an ever-widening
circle, until by this final act the whole
world is included in the field that is to be
occupied. Before His coming the disciples
shut the testimony up among- themselves,
but as soon as His power alights upon them
they fill Jerusalem with the testimony.
Soon the circle widens, until all Judea and
Samaria are included in it. Soon again it
reaches out, and Phenice, Cyprus and An-
29
tioch are included in it, with an occasional
ray of light shot out to the Gentiles be-
yond. A n dfinallythat circle enlarges un-
til the uttermost parts of the earth are in-
cluded in it. A n d all this evidently under
the immediate guidance of the Spirit of
God.
A n d these missionaries thus sent out
are not only chosen by the Spirit, and de-
pendent upon H i m for their success, but
they are controlled in their very move-
ments by Him. Philip was not more evi-
dently controlled by the Spirit in his mission
to the Ethiopian eunuch, or Peter in his mis-
sion to Cornelius, than was Paul and his
fellow-laborers in their future missions.
Take only one instance. They had their
plans marked out for that second mission-
ary journey. But they were forbidden of
the Holy Ghost to preach the W o r d in Asia.
They assayed to go into Bithynia, but the
Spirit suffered them not. But that very
night Paul had the vision of the m a n of
Macedonia standing, and with outstretched
hand, and pleading voice, saying, " C o m e
over and help us." A n d they knew at once
that the Spirit was opening- the door for
them in Europe, and was directing them to
occupy that field. Thus the Spirit con-
trolled all the movements of those mission-
aries, and so controlled the Mission work
of the Church. Paul's desire to preach the
Gospel to the regions beyond was but the
stirrings of the Spirit within him leading
him to seek still more enlarged fields of
operations. Thus w e see that the effects
of the coming of the Spirit in power was
ever enlarging missionary efforts under His
immediate guidance and control.
But observe again, that the laws govern-
ing the kingdom do not change. They
are the same to-day that they were in the
30 Our Views of Mission Work.
days of the early Church. A n d three laws
relating to Mission work of the Church are
plainly discoverable from what has been
written.
First—'Kiaeions to the heathen are the
one object of the mission of the Spirit to the
Church to-day. His work is still to glorify
Jesus. This H e does by the witness that
H e will bear to Jesus through those w h o m
H efillswith His presence and power. If
the Spirit rests upon the Church in power
to-day, it is to the end that she may be
qualified to tell the story of Jesus and His
love. If H e rests upon the individual, it is
to the end that he m a y be qualified to be
a witness for Jesus. W e still pray that
G o d will revive us, not alone that His peo-
ple m a y rejoice in Him, but also that the
earth m a y know His way, and the heathen
'His saving health. His work in preserv-
ing, sanctifying, and unifying the Church
is, that the world m a y believe that the
Father hath sent Him. A n d w e must also
bear in mind that it is not alone to the
heathen as individuals that the witness of
Jesus is to be taken under the power of
the Spirit, but that it is to the heathen
nations as well, whether it be to the infidel
governments of professedly Christian na-
tions or to the heathen governments of
professedly pagan nations.
Second—The coming of the Spirit in
power will be foUowed by Missions to the
heathen. It was no more certain that His
coming on Pentecost mast be followed by
Missions to all the rest of the world, than
it is that if His power were to be received
to-day it would be followed by a period of
great missionary zeal and activity. It is
well recognized that Mission work is al-
ways the result of a true revival of religion
in the Church, and a true revival of religion
in the Church is the work of the Holy
Spirit. The same Spirit that works a re-
vival of religion in the Church wUl impel
the Church to an enlarged effort in the
field of Missions. The Holy Spirit, quick-
ening the individual heart, awakens a new
devotion to the Master, which finds ex-
pression in an effort to glorify Him, by
seeking to bring lost souls to H i m , by seek-
ing to establish His kingdom on earth.
The soul that is truly stirred and warmed
by the Spirit's power wants to glorify
Jesus here and now, but it also wants to
glorify Jesus now a n d everywhere. Every
manifestation of His power wUl be followed
by an awakening of missionary zeal and
activity.
Third—Missions are in their inception
and progress under the control and guid-
ance of the Spirit. T h e selection of the
field, the choosing of the men, especially
their endowments for the work, and their
sending out, are all under the guidance and
control of the Spirit. Doubtless there have
been m e n chosen and sent out w h o were
not sent out by the Spirit, but that does
not contradict the fact that all true Mission
work is under His guidance. The evidence
of this was plain in the case of the choos-
ing and sending out of the early mission-
aries. It is equally true, and often equally
manifest in later days. N o one at all famil-
iar with the origin and workings of our
o w n Foreign Mission can for one moment
doubt that the Spirit has been the control-
ling force in that Mission. A more recent,
and not less manifest, evidence of His
presence and control is seen in the history
of the inauguration and working of our own
Indian Mission. T h e same law holds to-
day, that the Spirit is the controlling power
in all Mission work. " The origin, the
 Our Views of Mission Work.
progress, the success of Missions are all
His. It is H e w h o wakens in the hearts of
believers the jealousy for the honor oftheir
Lord, the compassion to the souls of the
perishing, the faith in the promise, the
wilUng obedience to His commands, in
which the Mission takes its rise. It is H e
who draws together to united effort, w h o
calls forth the suitable m e n to go forth,
who opens the doors, and prepares the
hearts of the heathen to desire to receive
the Word. A n d it is H e w h o at length
gives the increase, and even where Satan's
seat is, establishes the cross, and gathers
around it the redeemed of the Lord."
A few thoughts in closing.
1. The Holy Spirit led the early disciples
in the work of Missions as they waited on
God in ser'vice and separation. This was
true both at Jerusalem and at Antioch. It
was after ten days of waiting and praying
in separation that the Spirit came upon
them in power at Jerusalem as the cloven
tongues of fire. It was as they ministered
and fasted at Antioch that they received
the call to enlarge their work. T h e minis-
tering was active service in Antioch, the
fasting was their expression of their sense
of imperfection, and the strong desire that
they had that they might be more filled
with the Spirit, that G o d would enlarge
their own hearts. And, again, it was after
they had fasted and prayed that they sent
them away, and they, thus sent forth, went
forth by the Holy Spirit's sending. There
was waiting upon G o d in separation from
the world, there was activity in service in
ministering, there was searching of heart,
and earnest prayer for the blessing—
amidst such scenes as these Foreign Mis-
sions, as an organized effort of the Churoh,
were born. A n d it will be thus that the
31
Spirit will still lead the Church in this
work. A dilatory, a worldly Church wiU
never be used of the Spirit as a missionary
church. But a church active in service,
and living apart from the likeness of the
world. H e will use. These two things are
sadly needed in the Church to-day. W e
are not diligent ministering unto G o d in
our Antioch to-day. H o w m u c h there is
in the Church that calls for fasting and hu-
miliation ! Are not the prayers largely
lacking that will lead the Church in this
great work I The conditions on which the
Church m a y be led in a great missionary
campaign are not different from what they
were in the days of the Apostles. It will
be as w e wait upon G o d in service and
separation that the cloven tongue like as of
fire will rest upon us ; it will be as w e min-
ister, and fast, and pray that the Spirit
will lead forth in a great missionary cru-
sade.
2. In order that w e m a y befilledwith
the power of the Spirit w e must be wiUing
to be used in the cause of Missions. If
Missions to the heathen are the one object
of the coming of the Spirit in power, w e
cannot expect to befilledwith that power
unless w e are willing to be used in the
cause of Missions. This Holy Spirit is the
Spirit of Jesus. The Apostle says: "Let
this mind, this spirit, be in you which was
also in Christ Jesus." A n d again he says :
" If any m a n have not the Spirit of Christ
he is none of His." But the Spirit of the
Saviour was that of self-sacrifice for the
salvation of the world. " T h o u g h H e were
rich yet for our sakes H e became poor, that
we, through His poverty, might be m a d e
rich." T h e Spirit of ChristfiUingus must
produce in us that very same spirit that
was in Jesus—-self-sacrifice for the salva-
32 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

tion of others. Unless w e are wUling to be m a y glorify Christ by communicating to

used for the cause of Missions in one way others.
or another, w e need not expect to be filled 4. A great missionary awakening mast
with the power of the Spirit. W h e n w e begin in the hearts of the individual mem-
are willing to be used by Ohrist in whatever bers of the Church. It is in the last analy-
way H e m a y desire to use us w e need not sis a merely personal matter between the
fear but that w e will be filled with the individual soul and the Holy Spirit, a per-
power of the Spirit. W h a t w e want is not sonal Spirit dwelling in the individual
the power that w e m a y use it, but that the heart. Every one w h o prays for Missions,
power m a y have us that it m a y use us. and w h o longs for more of a missionary
3. G o dfillsm e n that they m a y use that spirit in the Church, oughtfirstto pray for
which they have received in blessing others. more of the power of the indwelUng Spirit
This is His uniform method of dealing. T h e in his o w n life, and that in the heart of
talent used grows, the talent unused is taken every personal believer the Holy Spirit, in
away. The Apostle prays for the Corinthians the power of His indwelling presence, may
that they may be comforted of God, that they have full sway. " T h e Holy Spirit is the
maybe able to comfort others. The earth that Church's power for aU her work and her
yieldeth herbs meet for them by w h o m it Missions, and that power "wUl only act
is dressed receiveth blessing of God, but mightily as the number increases of indi'vid-
that which yields briers and thorns is nigh ual believers w h o give themselves to be
unto cursing, whose end is to be burned. possessed, to be led, to be used of the
G o d gives that w e m a y communicate. H e Spirit of Christ."
fills with the power of His Spirit that w e

ITEMS O F M I S S I O N A R Y INTELLIGENCE.

ABROAD. taken no notice whatever of theu- return.

In this w e cau see a direct answer to
Suadia.—Through the kindness of Miss prayer, and also in the -s\'ay the work has
Meta Cunningham, w e are able to present been allowed to go on. W e have every
our readers with the accompanying picture reason to be encouraged, as well as the
of the boys in the Suadia school, taken last friends in America who, I a m sure, remem-
year by Dr. Harris, of Tripoli. Miss Cun- bered us at the Throne of Grace. The
ningham writes as one greatly encouraged services of Mr. Dodds have been invaluable.
in the work. In a letter dated December In the construction of the House and look-
22, 1893, she says: " There has been ing after things generally, he has spared
opposition, but it has been brought to no p & m s to push on the work. Dr. Moore,
nought. I a m glad to be able to tell you too, while he cannot do any visiting till he
that most of our Fellaheen boys have come has acquired the language, gives m e great
back again, and the Governor has so far assistance in the medical department. I
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 33

a m very glad
to turn over all
surgical cases
to him." The
alterations in
the L o w e r
H o u s e are
nearly com-
plete, and the
friends of the
Mission are re-
minded that
their contri-
butions for
this purpose
should be for-
warded to the
Treasurer at
once.

New Hebrides.—The foUowing para- work." Miss Mackenzie is a young woman,

graph is taken from the Preshyterian
Record of Canada : In a letter, dated Sept.
8, 1893, Rev. J. W . Mackenzie writes to
Mr. Morrison of Halifax, N. S. H e says:
" The work at Mele continues to prosper
and quite a number have n o w joined us."
This is the island off Efate, that so long
held out against the Gospel, and which for
twenty years was a burden of the jDiayers
of the good missionary and his wife. A
few months ago their prayers were an-
swered, while they were away in Australia
on furlough, and their joy when they re-
turned and found the state of matters, was
as the joy of harvest. Poor Mrs. Macken-
zie was not permitted long to enjoy the
ingathering, but it has gone on. Mr.
Mackenzie writes, " I a m stUl very lonely,
but am expecting m y eldest daughter to
come and stay with me. She wUl not only
be company for m e , but assist m e in the
about twenty-one years of age. She has
studied in Australia and is by profession a
trained nurse, but is in the meantime giv-
ing up all the advantages of life in Sydney
to share with her father the loneliness and
work in Efate. Noble girl! Worthy
daughter of worthy parentage.
MiSSIONAEY WOEK OP THE ReFOEMED
Chtjeoh in Ameeica.—At a Missionary Con-
ference held in Newark, N. J., November
14 and 15, 1893, Rev. Dr. Cobb, Corre-
sponding Secretary of the Foreign Mission
Board, delivered an address from which
w e make the following extracts : Mission-
ary interest in the Reformed Church is
much older than a century. T w o hundred
and seventy-five years ago last Monday,
the Synod of Dort met, November 13,
1618. O n M a y 27th of the foUowing year
(as I a m informed by a paper put into m y
34 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
hands by a member of this Conference)
that Synod, just before adjourning,
adopted a memorial to the States General
(or Congress) of the United Netherlands,
petitioning them that, as G o d had opened
to them a way to several far distant lands,
they would take suitable measures for the
propagation of the Gospel in these East
Indian possessions. W e are celebrating,
thus, in a sort, the 275th anniversary of
Foreign Missions in the Reformed Church.
But of the century. W h a t wonderful
progress has attended the cause of Mis-
sions, in the opening of the world and the
growth of missionary effort, especially in
the last half of it. W e heard something
of that in the address of welcome. Let
m e add a few illustrations. In 1842 there
were 27 missionary societies with an income
of about $3,000,000; in 1892, 280 societies,
with an income of nearly $15,000,000;
while their missionaries (men and w o m e n )
number 9,000, with 44,500 native helpers
of aU sorts. O n e hundred thousand com-
municants, from Mission fields, were
received last year into the fellowship of the
Church of Christ, enough, if they could be
gathered together, tofilla large church
holding a thousand people, twice over on
every Sabbath but two during the year.
A n d what a spectacle that would be !
I do not think the Church realizes h o w
large the fields are which w e occupy.
Take India, for example. The Arcot dis-
tricts, north and south, are about equal in
size to the State of N e w Hampshire or
Vermont. N o w scatter eight families at
different points in N e w Hampshire, multi-
ply the population byfive,all heathen, and
how soon would you expect those millions
to be brought to Christ'? A n d would you
not expect that, as the work went on, those
workers would find new points important
to be occupied, and n e w demands con-
stantly made upon them for new and mul-
tiplied labors? So it is there. Thirty
years ago, nearly, the Mission determined
to station one of their number at Gudi-
yatam, a town, with its surrounding
viUages, of more than 20,000 people. N o
m a n has gone there yet, because there has
neither been the m a n to spare nor the
money to build a h o m e for him to live in.
Yet w h o can tell what a revenue of souls
might have been gathered for the Saviour
had that resolve been put in execution
thirty years ago ? A n d there are at least
four such places in thatfieldthat ought to
be so occupied to-day.
The like is true of two large to'wns in
China, in the A m o y region, and the field
similarly widens before us in Japan. W e
cannot, we ought not to, expect it to be
otherwise.
Consider h o w great the work is, and
the results of blessings with which the
Lord has attended it. W e have to-day
68 missionaries (men and women), 392
native helpers of all sorts, pastors,
preachers, teachers, Bible w o m e n , etc.; 55
chui-ches with nearly 6,000 members; 15
boarding schools with 726 pupils; 4
theological schools and classes 'with 58
students, and 154 day schools with 4,315
scholars. At 15 stations and 202 out-
stations this work is planted and has taken
root. Surely this is no m e a n work, and
calls for no mean provision.
MiSSIONAEY Statistics.—The Church at
H o m e and Abroad- gives the following
statistics of evangelistic, educational and
medical work in all Syria and Palestine
by all Missions of the American, English,
Scotch, Irish and German societies, for the
year 1892 :
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 35

Foreign laborers, men, 95; w o m e n , 142; seems to be that of concentration. T o

total of foreign missionaries, 237 ; total of place less than five men, at a time, in any
native preachers and teachers, 657; organ- one locality, is to run the seriousriskof
ized churches, 4 5 ; total of preaching having the work interrupted and gathered
places, 147 ; average congregations, 8,604; results scattered after five years. Of
total of communicants, 3,974; total of course such a policy requires ample re-
Protestants, 8,593; number of schools, 328; sources and large perseverance; yet facts
total of pupUs, 18,837; medical missions, seem to require nothing less. T h e Basel
20 ; missionary physicians, 2 2 ; nurses, 36; Mission on tfie Gold Coast is a case in
indoor patients treated, 2,792; outdoor point. It began work there in 1828 ; and
patients in clinics, 138,654, after ten years not a missionary was left in
The folio-wing statistics of Protestant the country—those w h o died not had to
missionary work in the entire Turkish return to Europe. T h e Mission was re-
Empire, including Egypt, are taken from sumed in 1843, on lines suggested by the
the same Journal: bitter experience of the past; and there
Poreign missionaries, men, 191; women, has been steady increase and consolidation.
294 ; total of foreign laborers, 485; native It took twenty years to gather 500 around
laborers, 1,817 ; organized churches, 202; the Lord's Table ; but thereafter there bas
communicants, 21,312 ; total of Protestants, been a regular addition of about 300
84,000; American colleges, 6; seminaries yearly, until the members n o w number
for girls, 3 1 ; total of Mission schools, 892 ; nearly 7,000. There has been great expan-
boys in the same, 23,027; girls, 20,000; sion, not so m u c h through multiplying
total of pupUs in all Mission schools, stations or augmenting the European staff
43,027; languages in which the Bible is beyond a certain number, as by training
translated, 11; copies of the Scriptures and using native pastors and helpers. T h e
annually sold in the Turkish Empire, wisdom of this poUcy is seen in the steady,
60,000 ; separate works, religious and edu- solid growth of this Mission's work.—Mis-
cational, issued in various languages from sionary Record.
Mission presses, 1,500,
AT HOME.
Afbica.—The West Coast of Africa has Seattle, Wash.—Our work is progress-
earned itself an evil reputation in point of ing favorably. W e held our first Com-
health. It is estimated that out of a hun- munion Service in the church December
dred missionaries, thirty-one have died 31, 1893, though w e have occupied the
after an average service of two years, while Sabbath-school room since Thanksgiving.
forty have been forced to return to Europe The brethren were here from Kent. In all
after about five years of labor. Changes thirty-five sat d o w n at the Lord's Table.
so frequent diminish or m a r results—ex- Three were received by profession, one
perience is not gathered, work at a station by renewal of profession, three by certifi-
is sometimes wholly suspended, the thread cate, and two by invitation. Three were
is broken for a fresh start, all has to be detained in Kent on account of sickness in
done over again. T h e lesson to be learned the family, andfivewere too far away to be
36 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
able to come. There were two baptisms.
Brother Armour assisted, and although
feeble in health, did admirable work. It
was a most enjoyable season and all felt
that it was good to be there. G o d has
blessed us wonderfully for these times. All
our members w h o can work are employed;
none have come to want, while many about
us are suffering for want of means and
employment.
P. J. McDonald.
Paenassus, Pa.—Our Parnassus L. M. S.,
which numbers 17 members, held 12 regu-
lar and one special meeting during the past
year. Our habit has been to meet at our
homes, which w efindcreates more sociabil-
ity among us, with the devotional exercises
conduoted by members in turn; the dis-
cussion of a text, and the reading of a
sketch from paper or magazine on Mission
work; our meetings are very interesting
and profitable.
The average attendance has been 11, and
average collection $4.60 each day. During
the year w e raised $129.65.
W e assisted the Indian Mission, Adana
BuUding Pund and Ohurch erection, both
at Seattle and Denver, and also Moses
Orenburg.
W e feel we have been working for the
King and H e has blessed our efforts and
spared the lives of our members, for which
w e thank Him.
W e look forward to the coming year
with brighter anticipations, having now in
Rev. J. S. Duncan, a settled Pastor and a
warm friend.
Mbs. j. H. Campbell,
President.
Mbs. j. Renwick Copeland,
Secretary.
N. Y. C. Indian Association.—Since
many of your readers are interested in the
work of Indian Missions, I a m sure they
will be gratified to learn that the N e w
York City Indian Association, at the be-
ginning of its twelfth year, is stUl thor-
oughly in earnest in its efforts to ci-vihze
and Christianize the Red M a n , as the fol-
lowing resolutions, passed at its last meet-
ing, will indicate:
Resolved. 1st.—That this Association
heartily indorses the resolutions passed by
the Women's National Indian Association
at the annual convention in December last,
and would especially emphasize the im-
portance of those resolutions bearing upon
the increase of appropriation by Congress
for the education of all Indian chUdren
of school age, increased appropriation for
field matrons who, the experience of the
last three years proves, have been most
useful in preparing Indian w o m e n for the
home duties of civihzed life; of the one
urging that " the personalfitnessof agents,
and their adaptabUity to the peculiar duty
of caring for their wards, be regarded by
the appointing power as of the utmost im-
portance, and that Government take no
backward steps in the application of Civil
Ser-vice rules to the appointment of Indian
employes, also that the classified service
be extended to include agents, special
agents and inspectors.''
Resolved, 2d.—The N e w York Indian
Association regards the success of the ex-
periments of the last six yeai's in Indian
education and civilization as clearly indi-
cating the Indian's capacity for intelligent
citizenship, and that the practical disposal
of the Indian problem would be a matter
of a few years only, were it not that with
each incoming Administration there occurs
 Monographs. 37

an almost entire change hi^epersonnel oi Indian Association, being now, as hereto-

the prominent officials in the Indian ser- fore, interested in the various departments
vice, which change necessarily impedes the of the Women's National Association,
approach of the time when the native would especially recommend to its members
American shall become a self-supporting, an increase of effort in the work of the
useful part of the body politic. Missionary Department, so as to hasten the
Besolved, 3d.—That " to get the Indian time when Missions shall be established in
out of politics," all friends of the Indian, the thirty tribes yet unreached by Gospel
whether in Associations or as individuals, influences.
must unitedly and persistently appeal to Resolved, 5th.—That as the Women's
the people through the press, secular and National Association can only work effect-
religious, and through the spoken word, ively as it is supplied with funds contrib-
until a public sentiment is created in favor uted by the different auxiliaries, the N e w
of the application of Civil Service rules, so York City auxiliary, for the year 1894, shall
strong and general, as to induce the na- increase its contributions to the general
tion's representatives to accede with alac- fund iu order that the work of the National
rity to the demand of their constituents. Association m a y not only be continued, but
Resolved, 4th.—That the N e w York City greatly enlarged. A. T. G.

M O N O G R A P H S .

TURKEY'S TREATY OBLIGATIONS. The Geneeal Eight oe Missionabies.

It is a notorious fact that modern Turkey
has not been able to fight her o w n battles
alone. Powers have stepped in to her
assistance, claiming therefor a large voice
in concluding the treaties of peace. The
Ottoman Empire is thus bound by solemn
covenant to allow all its Christian subjects
freedom of religious faith and worship.
Formerly, by Moslem law. death was the
penalty for apostacy from Mohammedanism,
and in August, 1843, a young Armenian
was beheaded at Constantinople for apos-
tacy. B y the Treaty of Paris, in 1856,
Turkey granted religious liberty alike to
M o h a m m e d a n and Christian subjects. W e
give brief extracts of the most important
documents conferring these rights.
F r o m Art. 82 of French Capitulations,
1740.
" The Bishops and members of the relig-
ious orders under the French Emperor
w h o are in m y Empire shall be protected so
long as they keep within the limits of their
calling, and no one shall prevent them from
exercising their rights according to their
custom, in the churches which are in their
hands. * * « »
F r o m Art. 18, British Capitulations, 1809.
"That all capitulations and privileges
granted to the Venetian, French, and other
princes w h o are in amity with the Sublime
Porte, having been in like manner through
favor granted to the English by virtue of
our special command. * * * "
38 Monographs.
F r o m Art. 62, Treaty ofi Berlin, 1878.
" The freedom and outward exercise of
all forms of worship are assured to all, and
no hindrance shall be offered either to the
hierarchical organization of the various
communions, or their relations to their
spiritual chiefs.
" The right of official protection by the
diplomatic and consular agents of the
powers is recognized * * * as regards
* * * theirreligious,charitable,andother
establishments in the holy places and else-
where."
The Eioht to Establish Schools.
From the Hatti H u m a y o u n , Treaty of
Paris, 1856.
"Moreover, each community is author-
ized {Turkish mezun) to establish its own
schools of science, art, and of industry,
only the method of instruction. * * * "
From Ottoman Government Decree, 1864.
" Since to the convents named in Art. 2
{i.e., of all religious orders in Turkey)
there are or m a y be attached, either in
whole or in part, seminaries and establish-
ments or works of benevolence, such as
hospitals, dispensaries for the care of
needy and indigent sick, orphanages, free
boarding and day schools for the instruc-
tion of poor children and hospices. * * * "
The Eight to Cieoulate Books.
F r o m the Official CoUection of Laws,
1876.
" Although it was formerly ordered that
books published in the Empire, or imported
from abroad, should be examined by Cus-
tom House officials, and those deemed in-
jurious seized, yet, since the treatment
like those published abroad, of books pub-
lished within the Empire, and transported
from one place to another in Turkey, has
been found to hinder the desired develop-
ment of the art of printing, and since no
books can be published in the Empire
without first obtaining a permit for the
same, after examination of their contents,
the fact that books have been published
by permission wiU be regarded as suffi-
cient, only books imported from abroad
being examined at the Custom House."—
The Star in the East.
THE CLAIMS OF MISSIONS UPON
T H E YOUNG.
As young people w e owe it to Christ
to interest ourselves in the spread of His
Gospel.
As a nugget of gold loses no value when
beaten into a thin foU which covers a large
area, so the commission, " G o ye into aU
the world and preach the Gospel," given
atfirstto a few men, has lost none of its
force in being applied to every man, woman
and child in Christendom. It is as binding
upon us as upon the disciples of the first
century, and upon the consciences of the
young as upon the old.
W e young people must not be remiss,
and will not be if w e appreciate the fact of
our redemption by the blood of Christ.
W h e n in our love and gratitude, moved
by the contemplation of His sufferings,
w e ask, " Lord, what wilt T h o u have m e to
do •?" and H e answers, " G o teU the story
of M y love to others," h o w can w e keep
silent •? T o a nobleman w h o had rendered
a kindly service on the road to an old
farmer, he said, " H o w shall I ever thank
you for this great kindness'?" and the re-
ply was, " W h e n you see another man
needing help as you needed mine, help
him, and that will be thanking me." So
 Monographs. 39
when w e look on Christ upon the Cross, not to deliver it in any way possible, is to
and are lost in wonder and praise, w e ask, stain the holder's hand with his neighbor's
" What shall I render unto Thee for all blood. H o w humiliating, too, is it to have
Thy benefits?" Christ points to the heathen the heathen, hearing for thefirsttime the
world and says " They are needing the Lord good tidings of salvation, ask of our mis-
of life as m u c h as you did, help them, and sionaries, " Can this be true ? H o w long
that wiU be thanking Me." have you known it ? W h y have you so long
W e owe it to ourselves as young people delayed your coming, and allowed genera-
to help spread the Gospel and redeem the tion after generation to perish?"—{Rev.)
world. There is no work comparable to A . Vennema, Port Jervis, N Y.
this in honor, dignity, and the reward it
brings tO the soul. T h e Lord Jesus left GREAT IS DIANA OF THE EPHES-
heaven to devote to this work the glory of IANS.
His young manhood. T h e question on W e clip from the columns of the
our lips is not "Must w e aid in it?" but, Belfast Witness the following story, re-
"May we?" not " H o w little can w e get lated not long ago at a missionary meeting
along with?'' but, " H o w m u c h can w e by Rev. Joseph A. EUiott, of Faizubad,
possibly do?" W e rejoice with St. Paul India: S o m e time ago I was preaching in
that " w e were allowed of G o d to be put Ajudhya at the time when 300,000 people
in trust with the Gospel." from all parts of India come to bathe in
W e owe it to the Church to press with its river at the great meta. W e had been
vigor her missionary enterprises. preaching under the shadow of a magnifi-
Is it not a reproach upon the Christian cent temple for nearly two hours. At last a
Church that for 1900 years she has had in great big Brahmin, deputed by one of these
trust the Gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ, temples to go and scatter our congrega-
and that through all these years the duty tions, wherever they were, came upon the
has rested upon her to preach it to every scene. H e was about the most eloquent
creature, and that the work is not yet half Hindu I had ever heard. H e used to go
done? Heathenism has been called the about preaching against us, and you might
scandal of Christianity. It exists because know that a m a n with a mouth such as he
the Church has been n u m b with the cold had could say something. This m a n came
of indifference and steeped in selfishness. and stood close by where w e were and
W e are not too young to bestir ourselves harangued the crowd, and little by little
to help roll away this reproach. the people left us to listen to him, with the
W e owe it to the heathen to acquaint exception of a couple of m e n and an old
them with the way of salvation. T h e woman, and a ruminating old nanny-goat.
Gospel which w e hold in trust w e hold in All our congregation had left us and joined
trust for them. It is sad, indeed, that one him. Mr. Solomon came up and said to
should know the truth of G o d and not me, "Elliott, go on, save our reputation.
profit by it. But to have accepted the Look h o w this Hindu has taken our con-
truth for himself, and have it in trust for gregation away." There was a good
his neighbor, w h o has never heard it, and brother in front of me, and I said, " Let's
40 Monographs.

have a try." I began, " Great is Diana of more. I told them the history of m y con-
the Ephesians, Great is Diana of the version from beginning to end. I had no
Ephesians," and I hammered and ham- sooner done than Solomon, w h o was
mered on that phrase for a minute or naturally a quiet man, sprang forward. I
two. At last the crowd that were listen- never saw that m a n so excited before. H e
ing to the Hindu began to say, " W h a t is was in a state of white heat, and he stood
Diana and what are Ephesians?" I con- up and said, " Yes, Jesus Christ saved me."
tinued, " Great is Diana of the Ephesians." I said, " G o it, Solomon, tell your story."
At last they thought that something was A n d there they were, and Solomon told
wrong with me, and they began to come them the story of his conversion. W h e n
and see what this great Diana of the that was done there was a sudden pause
Ephesians was. At last I got an audience, and a Brahmin—would you believe it ?—a
and I stUl went on. They asked " W h a t bareheaded Brahmin—the highest caste in
are you calling out ' Diana ' for ? " A n d IIndia—came forward, and, rolling down
stUlsaid, "Great is Diana of the Ephes- his cloth, took out a threepenny bit, which
ians." So at last, little by little, the crowd would have been more than five shillings
all came back again, and there was this to some of you, and put it down at our
great fat Brahmin, his big mouth open feet. H e put his head d o w n at m y feet
with disappointment and rage. But I got and said, " Y o u are worthy to be wor-
the crowd and meant to hold them. Then shipped,'' and he did the same to Solomon.
I told them about the wonderful image I said, " Here is a Brahmin you could not
falling down from heaven, and all that touch, and actually he has put his head
Paul said. I said, " C o m e along with me. right down at our feet." It was a moment
It is nearly as wonderful a story as the of triumph and conquest.
history of this place. Yonder is the tomb
of Ram. There is a little platform of mud, A HINDU HERMIT.
and on it a little bit of a temple, because The same day, in the afternoon, we
the Mohammedans threw the big temple visited the holiest m a n in Benares, perhaps
down and built up a M o h a m m e d a n mosque in India, H e is an old man, w h o has spent
there. There is the stone in front of it, a long life in abstraction from the world;
and there are the two little baby footmarks and his reputation has gradually grown
and the priests say those are Ram's foot- until it is literally world-wide, for he lately
marks when he came down from heaven. received an invitation from America to
But," I said, " these are not Ram's foot- attend the World's Fair at Chicago as a
marks. H e never came down from representative of Hinduism. I a m glad to
heaven; he came not as a god, he came as say that he had the good sense to refuse.
a man." I went on and on, and had a H e lives in a garden provided by a devout
rattling good time of it. The sun went Rajah, and sleeps in a small kiosk. A fine
down, but still I went on. I said to them, marble statue of himself is a conspicuous
" You want evidence that Jesus Christ can object; but this has been erected by the
save," and just in the way I have told you Rajah against the express, and I believe
to-day, only I pulled it out a little bit sincere, wish of the old man, w h o I am
 Monographs.
assured is genuinely ashamed that his
visitors should find it there. For he is, in
his way, and according to his light, a good
man. H e has refused immense sums of
money offered him by wealthy devotees
and lives a life of extreme simplicity. It
is part of his creed to be entirely un-
clothed, but he wraps a small cloth round
his loins when -visitors come. Dr. C. Bau-
mann, w h o knows him -well, and has often
spoken to him of the one Saviour of men,
took us to call upon him. It was rather
cold weather, and w e wore overcoats; but
the old m a n received us in the garden with
nothing on but his loin-cloth. H e em-
braced Dr. B a u m a n n most affectionately,
and shook hands with us with m u c h
warmth, which was still more marked when
the Doctor informed him that I was a
" hterary m a n ! " His whole bearing, naked
as he was, was that of a cultured and
courteous gentleman. H e conversed in
Hindi with Dr. Baumann, as he knows no
English. Our short interview was short-
ened by the arrival of a Hindu prince and
his retinue to pay his respects; but in
bidding the holy m a n farewell, I asked Dr.
Baumann to say, from me, that I would pray
the Great Pather to lead him into all
truth. The answer I expected was a sim-
ple " Thank you : " the answer I got was,
that he would pray to the same effect for m e !
Suppose the miracle to be granted of the
conversion of such a m a n as this to Christ,
what would happen ? Possibly a few would
be startled, and led to inquire, and to fol-
low his example; but by the majority he
would simply be cast out, despised for a
time, and then forgotten. Chicago would
not care for him t h e n ! — A Visitor to
Benares.
41
IGA.
Amongst the sixty-eight provinces into
which Japan is divided, Iga is the smallest
but one. Situated in the interior, and
surrounded by mountains, it has not play-
ed an important part in the history of the
country, although its daimio [the feudal
lord) was one of the leading daimios in
point of rank and annual allowance. Feud-
alism, whatever its evils, prevented the
centralization of power or wealth in any
one locality. It kept the general condition
of the country in an even balance. Since
its abolition, however, the struggle for ex-
istence has changed the whole outside as-
pect of the country. The lower grade of
the military class {shizaku) has almost
entirely sunk into ignorance and poverty,
while the members of the higher grade of
the military {kazaku), almost without ex-
ception, live in Tokyo, leading a life of
ease and luxury—the interest of the money
which they received from the Government
after the restoration putting them beyond
the reach of poverty.
The fall of the soldier, however, has re-
sulted in the rise of the merchant. Fol-
lowing the religious thought of India,
Japan has borrowed also the Indian caste,
although in a transformed shape. The
merchant class during the feudal era was
almost like a plaything- in the hands of the
military. I have heard from reliable
sources that very often a shizaku, having
bought a new sword, would try it upon
some member of the lower classes, to see
whether it would cut Well or not. W h a t
a change is there n o w ! " Those w h o m I
considered like m y dogs " (meaning mer-
chants), said to m e an old samurai w h o m
I employed last winter, " to them I
must go now and bow m y head."
42 Monographs.
Feudalism, as I have said above, though
it had many evil features, had m a n y good
qualities also, and one of these was its
natural tendency to keep the whole coun-
try in an even balance. A s it was abolished
not more than a quarter of a century ago,
its ruins, even at the present day, though
rapidly decaying, give the observer a pretty
good idea of its ancient glory. The shiza-
ku, it is true, has fallen from his former
position and glory ; but his mature train-
ing, chivalrous spirit, and noble nature can
be clearly seen under his rags. The castle
towns scattered all over the country, even
in their ruins,fillthe traveler with admira-
tion. To-day, however, the spirit of cen-
tralization draws the wealth of the coun-
try, whether in m e n or in money, by a thou-
sand channels into a few fixed localities
like Osaka, Tokyo, or Yokohama. T h e ac-
cumulation of wealth in a few principal
cities cannot be accomplished but by the
impoverishment of the rest of the country.
Iga, being a small province, and having
no sea outlet, naturally will be crushed by
the stronger ones. Even governmentally
it is n o w dependent upon its neighbor, the
province of Ise, which is one of the oldest
in Japan. The city of Ueno, also, I hear,
has greatly deteriorated. The castle has
been converted into a hotel, where I a m
writing this letter; the daimio's palace
and the residences of all his attendants
and samurai have been mostly abandoned
and their occupants scattered all over the
land. It will take quite a long time for
Japan to pass completely through the try-
ing ordeal of transformation. Those w h o
have studied deeply the history of the
transitional period of Europe from feudal-
ism into modern civilization well know the
travail and throes through which it has
passed, and in Japan this transition cannot
be an exception to the universal law, even
though the Japanese be an exceptionally
bright people. "Europe," said a Japanese
student not long ago, "progresses as if
traveling upon a horse, America in a raU-
way train, but Japan alone in the whole
world is progressing with the rapidity of
electricity." H o w far this student was
right in such a sweeping judgment it is
hard for us to say. That the present rate
of progress which Japan is making is ex-
tremely fast cannot be doubted even by
the most careless observer ; still Japan has
m a n y problems to solve, and many steep
places to ascend before it reaches the
height of its goal. It is here that Chris-
tianity can infuse its benignant influence
into the whole life and constitution of the
country. It is during this transition that the
Church must gather together all its powers
in order to make its influence felt, and stamp
its image upon the character of the new
Japan.—Rev. Isaac D o o m a n .
A SYRIAN FUNERAL.
A few days ago a sister-in-law of one of
our native teachers died, and Miss Edgar
asked m e if I would go with her to the
funeral. It was to be at 12.30. W e started
at 12 in order to be in good time. W e
were only a block from h o m e when I
noticed a strange procession coming. From
the noise, banners, etc., I took it to be a
minstrel troupe. A cold chill came over
m e and m y heart almost stopped beating
when Miss Edgar informed m e that the
funeral was over and that was the proces-
sion going to the cemetery. The coffin was
bright pink, trimmed with pink ribbons.
First came two m e n carrying- the pink lid
upright like a banner and the ribbons
 Editorial Notes. 43

fluttering in the breeze. Then came four
men with loops of pink ribbon over their
arms and attached to the coffin for handles,
The coffin was about three feet from the
ground.
Thus they bore that young wife and
mother through the streets in an open
coffin and followed only by a crowd of hard
looking men, making all sorts of weird
sounds.
The w o m e n do not follow the dead to
the grave, unless it happens to be an only
child or the last m e m b e r of a family, and
then they will follow the corpse bare-headed
and bare-footed. They generally go to the
grave early the next morning.
Dark blue is considered mourning here,
The ladies will wear a blue skirt and black
waist and a fold of crepe on the head in th
shape of a crown or a square piece doubled
three-cornered and tied down over the ears.
After the procession passed Miss Edgar
and I went on to the house. Here w e
found the ladies seated in a semicircle on a
mat, the hired mourner in the center. They
gave us chairs at one end. Miss Edgar
read and talked to them awhile and then
w e left.
A s I came away I thanked G o d that I
had been born in a Christian home, and for
His blessed word, and that w e have such a
gospel to give to these ignorant ones—-a
g-ospel which presents such glorious hopes
— a n d that w e can think of our loved ones
as not lost, but only gone before.
Lizzie McNaughton.

EDITORIAL NOTES.
The following Resolution was introduced in the United States Senate January 25, by
Senator Frye, of Maine, and in the House the same day by Representative Morse,
of Massachusetts:
JOINT R E S O L U T I O N
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States.
Resolved by the Senate a n d House of Representatives of the United States ofi
America in Congress assembled, two-thirds of each House concurring therein. That the
foUowing amended form of the Preamble of the Constitution of the United States be
proposed for ratification by conventions in the several States ; which, when ratified b y
conventions in three-fourths of the States, shall be valid as a part of the said Constitu-
tion, namely:
PREAMBLE.
W e , the people of the United States, devoutly acknowledging the supreme authority
and just government of Almighty G o d in all the affairs of m e n and nations ; grateful to
Him for our civU and religious liberty ; and encouraged by the assurances of His W o r d
to invoke His guidance, as a Christian nation, according to His appointed way, through
Jesus Christ, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, ensure domestic
tranquiUty, provide for the c o m m o n defense, promote the general welfare, and secure
the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this
Constitution of the United States of America.
44 Editorial Notes.

— T h e Hebald op Mission News requests Church, in addition to those reported last

its readers w h o do not pay in advance to month :
remit for 1893 at their earliest convenience, Rev, J. W . P. CarUsle $5000
and save the unnecessary expense of a per- Newburgh, N. Y.
sonal notice. Prompt renewals for the Rev. T. H . Rusk 15.00
current year will be counted a favor. St. Louis, Mo.
Rev. T. P. Robb 20.00
—Since the January issue, the following Linton, la.
names have been added to the List of Rev. B. M . Sharp 20.00
Young W o m e n , w h o are pledged to aid in Rochester, N. Y.
the support of a foreign missionary for a Rev. G. B. McBurney 5.00
term offiveyears, and have paid the first Avery, la.
installment: Rev. D. H. Coulter 15.00
Winchester, Kan.
Miss Lizzie McNaughton $5.20
Latakia, Syria. Rev. P. H . Wylie, 5.00
Mrs. Kate J. Moore 5.20 Loudonderi-y, O.
Suadia, Syria. Rev. S. G. Show 15.00
Mrs. Lizzie McElroy 5.20 Walton, N. Y.
Miss Jennie McElroy 5.20 Rev. J. S. Thompson 15.00
Quinter, Kan. Utica, O.
Miss Lizzie Sterrett 3.65 Rev D. G. Faris 5.00
Olathe, Kan. W . Barnet, Vt.
Mrs. M . Josie Wallace 3.65 Rev. J. O. Bayles 5.00
Miss Ella Scott 3.65 W . Kortright, N.T.
Syracuse, N. Y. Rev. W . S. Pulton 5.00
Miss Margaret M . Brady, 'who origi-
Bostwick, Xeb.
nally agreed to give an extra cent a day,
Rev. W m . McPariand 5.00
forwarded $5.20 this year, promising to FlackviUe, N. Y.
pay that amount instead of $3.65, and Rev. Prof. Geo. Kennedy 15.00
added: " Credit it to the memory of m y Beaver FaUs, Pa.
dear mother." This inerease and the seven Rev. J. C. Taylor 10.00
new contributions make the total, thus far E. Craftsbury, Vt.
eontributed for each year, $769.77. Other Rev. S. R. WaUace 10.00
promises of help have been received, but, Syracuse, N. Y.
as the money is not yet due, according to Rev. S. G. Raitt 9.00
the terms of the pledge, the names will not Newburgh, N. Y.
be published till theflrstpayment has been Rev. H. H. George, D. D 25.00
made. The very encouraging words that Beaver FaUs, Pa.
Rev. D. McAlhster, D.D., LL.D,.. 20.00
in many instances accompany these offer-
AUegheny, Pa.
ings are thoroughly appreciated, though
not given to the press. —We continue our List of the names
— T h e following contributions towards and addresses of the Elders who have
the salary of a " Pastor's Missionary," have agreed to aid in the support of an " Elders'
been received from the ministers of the Missionary •"
 Editorial Notes. 45
Mr. Samuel Carmichael $3.65 the meeting of Synod. Instead of thirty-
Brooklyn, N. Y. seven there should be hundreds of names
Mr. WiUiam McCuUough 5.00 on the List of contributors.
New York, N. Y.
Mr. James Mann 3.65 —Early in the year Miss Annie L. Mor-
Vernon, Wis. ton, of Boston, Mass., sent us seven doUars,
Mr. W m . S. Young 3.65 the contribution of her class of little girls
Birmingham, Mich. in the Sabbath-school of the Second Re-
Mr. Theo. Sproull 25.00 formed Presbyterian Church, to the
Allegheny, Pa. Foreign Missions. The names of the
Mr.R. D.Scott 3.65 children are as follows: Fanny Lowry,
Venice, Pa. Laffey McCloskey, Martha McCloskey,
Mr. G. Cunningham 4.00 B m m a Foster, E m m a Woodworth, Sarah
Morning Sun, la. Ganley, Maiy Ganley. This money is in-
Mr. T. H . Graham 3.65
tended for the Girls' School in Latakia,
Wyman, la.
and has been forwarded to the Treasurer,
Mrs. T. S. Speer 3.65
Mr. Walter T. MiUer.
Northwood, O.
Mrs. L. M . Patterson 5.00 — T h e following letter is from Miss
Baldwin, 111. Maggie D. Martin, of Eskridge, Kansas :
" About one year ago I gave to each m e m -
Mr. Wm. Lowry, of Waukesha, Wis-
ber of m y Sabbath-school class, consisting
consin, has kindly donated an extra cent a
of eight young girls, a nickel; the increase
day to this Pund. A n d he has done so,
to be given for Mission work.
because, as his Pastor intimated when for-
" Six have reported, and this is the result
warding the money, though not an Elder
of their efforts:
in the official sense, he is in the primary
Mabel McKnight $1.00
meaning of the word, being 80 years of
Pearl Martin 3.00
age and he wishes to share with his brethren Grace Patterson 1.00
in supporting the Elders' Missionary. A Sadie DiU 1.00
few weeks ago, too, the mail brought us a Elbe McKnight 2.00
letter from Mr. Geo. S. GUchrist, of Su- E U a M c C r u m 1.25
perior, Nebraska, in which was enclosed "Enclosed find ($9.25) nine dollars and
twenty dollars for Poreign Missions, with twenty-flve cents.''
instructions to use the money in any de- At the request of the children the Treas-
partment of the work. A n d w e have paid urer will send this money to Rev. J. Boggs
it into the Treasury of this Fund. More Dodds, of Suadia.
recently an Elder, w h o is deeply interested — A very old lady in Danville, Vt., a
in missionary work, wrote as the represen- regular subscriber to the Hebald oe Mis-
tative of an influential Session, asking for sion News, in renewing for the current
fuller information respecting the strength year, enclosed a dollar, with the request,
and probable success of this movement, as on former occasions, that fifty cents
and assuring us of their fullest sympathy. should be given to the Indian Mission.
W e hope to hear from m a n y others before The money has been forwarded to the
46 Editorial Notes.

Treasurer, Mr. John T. Morton, and we Homes, Haunts and Battlefields of the
hold his voucher for the same. Such loyalty Covenanters. Mr. A. B. Todd. Price per
to the missionary work of the Church will volume, neatly bound in cloth, postpaid,
not fail to bring a special blessing to our $1.10.
good friend and fellow laborer in the gospel Poets and Poetry of the Covenant, com-
of Jesus Christ. pUed by Rev. D. McAUister, D. D., L L . D.
— W e thankfully acknowledge having re- Price for cloth binding, $1.25.
ceived from the Y. P. S. C. E. of First Thefirstnamed book is a very interest-
Newburgh, through Miss Mary E. Wilson, ing and instructive volume. The author,
the sum of twelve dollars andfiftycents, Mr. A. B. Todd, of Cumnock, Ayrshire,
thefirstquarterly payment offiftydollars Scotland, is evidently in full sympathy with
promised for the Mountain schools in Syria; the faithful contendings of the Covenanters
or "if not needed for that department of and a great admirer of their noble and heroic
the work, to be used at the discretion of piety. The scenes that he so graphicaUy
the Board." describes have been familiar to the author,
as he tells us, from his earUest years:
— R e v . Thomas Patton, of Coldenham,
" A m o n g most of the wide moors where the
N. Y., recently sent us five dollars, to re-
martyrs lie, w e have wandered in boyhood
new for the Hebald op Mission News, and
pay Mrs. Patton's subscription for a second and manhood. W e have visited
year to the Young Women's Fund, the re- these sacred spots with their altar stones
mainder to be applied " to whatever part of liberty when the storms raved fiercely
of Foreign Mission work you may see fit.'' through the dark ravines ; and w e have
That balance of one dollar and ten cents come wandering upon them when the thick
has been handed to the Treasurer of the folds of mist enveloped the wilds and hid '
general Fund. every hUltop from view. W e have heard
the cry of the lapwing above the battlefield
— W e are indebted to Mrs. E. M . Will-
of Drumclog, and the wad of the plover
iams, of White Lake, N. Y., for a third
around the grave of Richard Cameron in
donation of five dollars for the work in
' the lone and wild Airsmoss.' Frequently
Cyprus.
w e have gazed upon the crystal waters of
— A young man, presumably a student of the Clyde, gliding in peaceful and pellucid
the Theological Seminary, Allegheny, Pa., beauty past the once bloodstainedfieldof
has sent us a Post Office order for eight dol- Bothwell; and w e have seen the morning
lars andfiftycents for the Foreign Mission sunbeams glinting, in among the rocky
Fund. The order has been endorsed and defiles which lead up to RuUion Green, and
forwarded to the Treasurer, and the name the last lingering beams of day fading
of the donor, at his request, will not be
away into darkness among the rugged
published.
peaks of the Pentland Hills ; and w e have
— T h e Covenanter Publishing Company, heard the sea waves m o a n and the summer
37 Federal street, Allegheny, Pa., has laid winds sigh mournfully at the grave of the
on our table two books of rare interest and Virgin Martyr, Margaret Wilson, w h o m
value: cruel m e n condemned and caused to be
 Editorial Notes.
drowned, tied to a stake, within the flood-
mark of the water of Blednoch, near W i g -
town." The incidents associated with these
hallowed scenes are told with a vividness
and power peculiar to one w h o obtained
his information, not from the writings of
others, but directly from the lips of the
Scottish peasantry. Parents and teachers
would do well to put these fascinating
sketches into the hands of the youth of the
Church.
The typographical errors that blemish
the pages of this book, in some instances
affecting its historic accuracy, will be cor-
rected in future editions, and probably the
publishers will furnish errata with this edi-
tion.
The second volume is of a different char-
acter. It is a collection of the scattered
"Lays of the Covenant," with brief bio-
graphical sketches of the authors. Espe-
cially valuable is the introduction from the
pen of the editor. Rev. D. McAUister, D. D.,
LL.D. In it he outlines the leading
principles for which the heroes and martyrs
of the Scottish Covenant sp earnestly con-
tended. W e cordially c o m m e n d this beauti-
ful book, and unite with the editor in the
hope that the " reading of these inspiring
Poems of the Covenant m a y win acceptance
of their principles and infix them in the
hearts of American youth, in preparation
for the conflict in which they shall have to
bear their part."
—^It gives us great pleasure to introduce
to our readers James Johnston, M . D., of
Jamaica, W e s t Indies, w h o has recently re-
turned from a tramp of nearly flve thou.
sand miles across the Dark Continent. W e
had the satisfaction of meeting this emi-
nent traveler a few days ago, and were deeply
47
impressed with his intelligence and Chris-
tian devotedness. It is refreshing to look
into the face of a m a n w h o has m a d e sUch
a journey at his o w n charges, and is not
afraid to tell frankly what came under his
observation, not only in regard to the con-
dition of society in uncivUized Africa, but
also in reference to the evangelistic opera-
tions of the various Missions that he visited.
Responsible to no society. Dr. Johnston
feels free to c o m m e n d wise and successful
methods of Christian work, and with equal
frankness andfidelityhe condemns what
he regards as mistaken methods that must
necessarily lead to failure.
Of one self-supporting Mission, he says:
" After a little inquiry I was directed to
the Mission house, on the top of a hill
overlooking the town. I found the
wife of the missionary in charge, with her
children, at home, but her husband, w h o
works on the railway during the week, was
absent.
"Whatever m a y be said on missionary
platforms concerning the feasibility of self,
supporting Missions, so far as I have seen
or learned, it is a grand mistake. T h e
theory m a y be all right, but practically it
is an absolute failure. Actual facts laid
bare, and the experience of scores of ear-
nest m e n n o w in thefieldprove that it is
infinitely more difficult for a white m a n
to earn his living in Africa than in any
European country—unless, of course, he
abandons Mission work and confines him-
self solely to trading. Then he is not likely
to have m u c h influence for the furtherance
of the Gospel a m o n g the natives, for his
calling would preclude the possibility of
this. Certain it is that a m a n w h o must
toU the whole week through for the sup-
port of his wife and children, can have but
48 Editorial Notes.

few opportunities for evangelistic work, Every one, who wishes to learn what an
which surely forms the primary object in impartial observer thinks of the missionary
sending missionaries to a land so shrouded outlook in South Central Africa, should
in darkness and superstition as Africa. make the acquaintance of this plucky Scotch
" Mr. P does what he can in gather- explorer. Not merely for its brilliant pen-
ing a few men and boys (women rarely pictures of African scenery and society, but
come) on Sabbath after-
noons in the basement
of the house (they have
no other meeting place),
and reads and speaks to
them in Portuguese, but
as yet 'without any appar-
ent results.''
In contrast with this,
read what Dr. Johnston
says respecting the Ameri-
can Mission at Cilumi:
" This Mission—an oasis
in the desert—was found-
ed about twelve years
ago, and there are now
twenty-four converts in
Church membership; but
the influence of these men
and their wives and Miss
Clerk, a young Canadian
lady who assists in school-
teaching, cannot be cal-
culated by figures.
" The marked improve-
ment in the social condi-
tion of the natives in
the neighborhood, as com-
pared with those we have
met hitherto, testify that,
if slowly, yet surely, the power for good for the outspoken manliness with which
of a Mission such as this, conducted on the author tells his story, do we commend
practical common sense as well as Christian his fascinating volume, entitled ReaUty
principles, must in due course become mani- vs. Romance in South Central Africa, re-
fest both in the lives and homes of the cently pubUshed by Fleming H. Eevell
people among whom it is estabUshed." Company, New York and Chicago.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
MARCH, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1894.

O U R V I E W S O F MISSION W O R K .

THE COMPARATIVE CLAIMS OF than usual. It is more dimly felt in some

THE POREIGN FIELD. minds than in others, and it is more often
felt than expressed. It is rare among ac-
Rev. T. H. Acheson, Hopkinton, la.
tive Christian workers. Yet sueh an ob-
" Why do you urge so much the needs jection exists, and is not entirely absent
of the savages of Borrioboola Gha, when among members of the Christian Church.
there, is so m u c h yet undone in our h o m e Dr. Strong tells us of the church treas-
fields? W h y is so m u c h m o n e y sent urer, wbo, when his pastor brought his
abroad when so m u c h is yet needed here ? annual contribution to the American Board,
W h y does the Church work herself into said: " Y o u ought not to do it. I don't
such enthusiasm over the poor heathen of think it's right. Y o u ought to stop giving
Africa and Asia, w h e n practical heathen are to Missions and preach for us on a smaller
perishing within sound of her bells and salary. W e are heathen." Somewhat in
within sight'of her doors ? W h y does she the same line was the objection of Crown-
spend so m u c h energy in trying to cultivate inshield, on thefloorof the Massachusetts
the tracts of far-off Sinim, w h e n her o w n Senate, when the matter of granting a
homefieldslack so m u c h yet of highest charter to the American Board was before
cnitivation; when even briers and thorns the Legislature, to the effect that it would
are springing up Constantly about us, and export, religion, when w e had none to
growing, m a n y of them, luxuriantly ? W h y spare.
not attend more to h o m e affairsfirst?W h y It is certainly true that no one, in his
not be reasonable and consistent in our anxiety for the foreign field, should over-
zeal ?" look, or comparatively forget, the h o m e
The actual work accomplished by the field at his feet. N o adequate excuse can
Church, the true sphere of her operations, be offered for our neglect of Christ's work
the nature of her obligations, her ability, here at home. M u c h more should be done.
latent as well as active, and these, along M u c h more could be done. M e n and
with the condition and extent of the For- w o m e n and children are not reached w h o
eign Field, have not yet become so fully could be. Open doors that could be en-
understood and apparent, as to dissipate tered are not entered. Mission schools
'-wholly the remonstrance presented above. that could be started are not started. N o
It is given bere more completely clothed congregation has done all in its power for
50 Our Views of Mission Work.
its o w n neighborhood, to gather in souls,
to promote reform, to witness for truth.
N o denomination of our land has reached
the limit of its ability, other just claims
also being considered, for work in this
land. It isa plain, undeniable truth that
the Church has m u c h failed in employing
her available forces and means for the im-
provement of the h o m e field.
T h e interests of the h o m e field must,
moreover, be recognized, protected and
cherished, because of its vital relation to
the foreign work. The h o m e field is the
h u m a n foundation of Foreign Missions. It
is the root of the Foreign Mission plant. It
is the head spring of the Gospel stream
that flows through foreign lands. It is the
base of supplies; the headquarters; the
endowment fund. The more sinners there
are converted at home, the broader is made
the basis of the foreign work. Tbe more
spiritual the h o m efieldbecomes, the more
will the lines of its interest, prayers, and
activity radiate toward foreign shores.
But let it be remembered, too, that m u c h
more work could be done in the h o m e
field without additional outlay. M o n e y is
not always necessary. More Christian
people could speak to their unsaved neigh-
bors ; and such labor doesn't cost money.
M o r e churoh members could do H o m e
Mission work in their o w n communities, in-
viting people to the house of G o d and to
prayer-meeting ; and such work is not ex-
pensive. More Sabbath school scholars
could be gathered in, more sick people
eould be visited, more literature could be
distributed; with little, if any increased
expense, and without withholding money
n o w given to the foreign work.
There seems at least some truth in the
assertion that those w h o defend themselves
from Foreign Mission claims by taking
refuge behind the H o m e Mission plea, are
a m o n g those w h o do the least for the home
work after all. John G. Paton, referring
to the period between his offer to go out
as a missionary and the time of his depart-
ure, says: " S o m e retorted upon me,
' There are heathen at h o m e ; let us seek
and save,firstof all, the lost ones perishing
at our doors.' This I felt to be most true,
and an appalling fact; but I unfailingly
observed that those w h o m a d e this retort
neglected these h o m e heathen themselves;
and so the objection, as from them, lost all
its power." A writer puts into the mouth
of one of his characters this remark: " I
belonged to that large class uv individuals
— y o u canfindplenty uv them in any church
—that are awful took up with H o m e
Missions when the collection for Foreign
Missions is bein' took, an' when the H o m e
Mission collections is took they are too
poor to give." Unalloyed zeal for the
h o m efieldis not always the ruling motive
that actuates the defender of the home
work against the foreign.
Referring n o w more specifically to our
general subject, we m a y find it profitable
to consider briefly some poitits as to the
Comparati-ve Claims of the Foreign Field.
I. The Foreign Field is vastly greater
in Extent than the H o m e Field.
It m a y be well here to define the terms
H o m e Field and Foreign Field. It might
be presumed that these two wonld include
the whole world; but w e shall here, under
this point, speak of the h o m e field as the
United States, and the foreignfieldas the
world, except North America and Europe;
though we should remember that in the
two last named divisions ther© are different
places in need of real and m u c h Mission
work.
 Our Views of Mission Work.
H o w m a n y inhabitants does the h o m e
field contain? About 65,000,000, m a n y
of w h o m are converted now. H o w many
people are in the foreignfield,as w e are
here considering it ? Perhaps as m a n y as
1,100.000,000, nearly all of w h o m are yet
unconverted. Then the foreign field in
size is to the h o m e field as seventeen to
one. This difference, remember, relates
simply to extent. W e have yet to observe
the difference in condition. But is it not
a tremendous fact that the foreignfieldem-
braces as m a n y people as would make
seventeen nations, each as large as the
United States!
II. The Foreign Field, to a great extent,
yet lacks Gospel Contact.
This is a matter of the greatest moment,
and should be borne in mind when com-
parison is m a d e between the two fields.
There is vast difference between the con-
dition of the unconverted w h o have the
light about them, and those w h o have it
not. There is difference both in privilege
and responsibility. Those w h o have the
light are much less pitiable than those
who wander on in darkness.
W e have the Gospel in our land. Its
light is general and permanent. True,
there are some destitute places a m o n g us;
some real heathen within our borders.
Perhaps w e would find, after search, some
places in our h o m efield,so m u c h in need
of Gospel privileges as to startle and shame
us. But yet the light of the Gospel floods
our land. There are not m a n y w h o do not
know, or could not know, the way of life.
O n the other hand, the foreignfield,to
a great extent, lacks the chanoe of salva-
tion ; lacks contact with the truth. . M u c h
of this field is wholly destitute of the
Gospel; two-thirds of it is yet greatly in
51
need of light, and even considerable of the
remainder lacks m u c h of the information
of salvation which w e possess. A foremost
authority on Missions has said that w e m a y
roughly estimate the souls that in Pagan,
Moslem, Papal and nominally Christian
lands still need to be reached with a pure
Gospel at a thousand millions. Perhaps as
m a n y as seven hundred millions have never
yet heard of the cross. It is said that
Ecuador, with between one million and two
millions of people, has no missionary and
never had one ; that Dr, T, B. W o o d is the
only Protestant pastor in Peru, with its
three millions; that there are not more
than twenty or thirty light-bearers in
Chile, having two and one half million
people; that Venezuela, population 2,100,-
000, has but one Protestant missionary;
that Brazil has not more than one mission-
ary, on an average, to every 175,000 souls.
It has been stated that Thibet, with its
6,000,000 people ; Manchuria, 12,000,000;
Nepaul, 2,000,000 ; Hunan, 16,000,000, and
Kwangsi, 5,000,000, have not a single
missionary station. In one district in
Northwest India, having 6,000,000 inhabit-
ants, there are only three European
missionaries. The State of Bhope has, it
is said, 10,000,000 people and two mission-
aries. Though Mexico m a y not, possibly,
be termed a Foreign Mission country, it is
well here to notice the startling statement
attributed several years ago to Bishop
Hurst that in that country there are 8,000,-
000 people who never saw a copy of the
Holy Scriptures.
These glimpses ot thefieldgive us some
idea of the world's need of Gospel contact.
It is well for us to pity the unsaved about
us ; and in one respect they are specially
to be pitied, for they are acting against
52 Our Views of Mission Work.
the light; but certainly w e should feel
particular obligation to bring m e n every-
where into contact with the Gospel. Rev.
J, Lees entered one afternoon in China an
extemporized temple mat-shed for idol-
atrous worship, and succeeded in interest-
ing persons present in the story of Christ.
A s he rose to depart, he tells us, after a
previous effort to leave, an old white-
haired m a n cried out: " Oh, do stay and
teach us! W e did not know this was
wrong. Our fathers worshiped thus. W e
cannot find the door.'' M u c h of heathen-
d o m cannot find the door!
III. The Foreign h'ield is immeasurably
behind the H o m e Field in Equipments for
receiving spiritual good.
Not only is the foreignfieldm u c h desti-
tute of the knowledge of the way of life,
but it is yet very far behind in facilities for
receiving light and support. H o w meagre
are the provisions yet made by Christian
people for uplifting the heathen world!
Church spires all over this land point the
way heavenward. The Congregational
Church alone had recently over 4,700
church edifices in this country. The
Methodist Episcopal had nearly 23,000.
Bibles are about us everywhere. The
leaves of the religious press are scattered
over the land. T h e preaching of the Gos-
pel goes on from week to week in different
sanctuaries. It is probably necessary that
w e have one or two services in each con-
gregation on every Sabbath; but does it
not seem a little unequal that w e have so
much, when m e n and w o m e n on the other
side of the globe do not even know that
there is a Redeemer from sin ?
A young physician, not a believer, said
to Robert E. Speer one day: " H o w is it
that the Church wastes so m u c h energy on
the work abroad, when there is so m u c h to
be done in this land of ours ? " M r . Speer
asked him what he thought would be a fair
proportion of workers to keep at home, and
a fair proportion to send abroad. H e re-
plied : " I suppose two-thirds here and
one-third abroad would be treating our-
selves fairly." If w e would act according
to such proportion, Mr. Speer said then or
afterwards, " w e would more than ten-fold
multiply the ordained missionaries in the
heathenfieldsfrom all the Christian nar-
tions in the world, and it would be send-
ing 400,000 lay workers out into the foreign
field." Protestant Christendom sends out
to-day hardly more than 7,000 or 8,000
missionaries to the foreignfield,including
both the ordained and w o m e n missionaries,
if w e estimate on the basis of the state-
ment m a d e some little time since by an ex-
cellent authority.
" W e ought not to send aU our money
away to the foreign field," recently re-
marked one, w h o is after all much inter-
ested in Foreigh Missions, at the close of a
service when a Poreign Mission coUection,
m u c h better than that of the average Chris-
tian congregation, had been taken. A
brief study of t,he report of that same con-
gregation's previous annual report would
have revealed the following facts. W e
change the amounts, gi'ving them in round
numbers, but preserving almost exactly the
right proportion. The congregation is
not large. T h e total contributions for all
purposes were, w e will say, $1,800 for the
year. Of this sum $200 were given to the
foreignfield.The remainder, eight-ninths,
with the exception of a contribution to a
church in the British Isles, was used in the
h o m e field. N o w mark the exact condition
of things here. T h e h o m efieldcontains
 Our Views of Mission Work. 53

65,000,000 of people; nearly aU of them V. M a n y Doors Opened in Foreign

have the light; possibly one-half of them lands, in recent years, under the Provi-
converted n o w ; churches. Sabbath ser- dence of God, add strength to the claims
vices, Bibles, religious papers all over the of the Foreign Field.
land. And on this side of the line not far Dr. A. T. Pierson said at the Centenary
from the eight-ninths of the total were ex- Conference, London (1888): " I a m only
pended. O n the other hand the foreign fifty years of age, and therefore a compara''-
field contained over 1,000,000,000 people; tively young man. I can remember when
few of them are converted; very m a n y of I was a boy offifteen,that the burden in
them need a pure Gospel; 700,000,000 never our monthly concerts of prayer was that
have heard of Christ. A n d on this side of G o d would open the doors of the nations.
ihe line one-ninth of the total income went. There was scarcely a door opened in those
W h o willriseup and say: " That congre- days. Even India was closed when Carey
gation is over-doing the foreign side of the went there, through the pernicious influ-
work?" ence of that avaricious Corporation that
Stations, churches. Bibles, missionaries, then practically ruled the country, but not
are much and widely needed yet in the for- in the fear of God. But- look at what has
eignfield.In the night of our apathy and been done, not only within the last cen-
of heathendom's spiritual gloom, m a y a tury, but within the last thirty-five years.
voice from the typical Macedonian of all God, by mystic keys of His o w n manufact-
heathen lands—the voice of his need, if ure, has thrown open the doors of the
not of his consciousness, ring unceasingly whole world. There is scarcely any na-
through our souls : " C o m e over into Mace- tion to-day into the midst of which we m a y
donia, and help us!" not go freely and from end to end preach
I V . Our H o m e Field has been in pos- the precious Gospel of the Son of God."
session of the light for a L o n g Period. There are difficulties yet as to freedom of
Never as a nation have w e been in work. Thibet may be still closed. There
heathen darkness. W e have had more or is a lack of friendliness on the part of Rus-
less light since the very beginning of our sia, Turkey, Turkestan, and, it may be, of
history in this land. A n d with regard to other nationalities; but G o d has done
permanent provision for Christian work it m u c h in recent years to open up the world
is said that the date pf the organization of to the Gospel.
Baptists in this country is 1636; of Con- V I M a n is our Brother Everywhere.
gregationalists, 1620 ; Episcopalians, 1607 ; If not, where shall w e draw the line?
Presbyterians, 1690; Dutch Reformed, Shall it be between our o w n family and
1628. Our ancestors here and ourselves that of our next door neighbor, or between
have had the light. This fact makes quite him and the family six blocks away ? Shall
a difference between our privileges and it be between our o w n city and the next, or
those of the heathen; and increases our re- between our State and the remainder of
sponsibUity toward them. Our steps should the country? Will we say that w e will aid
not be hesitating as w e bear to them the those of-our own land, but not of Mexico,
good tidings of great joy. or Canada; or that w e are under obliga-
54 Our Views ofi Misaion Work.
tions to those of this continent but not
those of Africa or China ? W e have spe-
cial relations to those about us; but are
debtors to all. G o d hath made of one
blood all nations of men.
Dr, Skinner,when asking aid for Poreign
Missions, was told by a gentleman: " I
don't believe in Poreign Missions. I won't
give anything except to H o m e Missions. I
want what I give to benefit m y neighbors."
" Well," said the Doctor, " w h o m do you
regard as your neighbors ?" " W h y , those
around me." " D o you mean those whose
land joins yours ?" " Yes." " Well," said
Dr, Skinner, " h o w m u c h land do you
own?" "Aboutfivehundred acres." " H o w
far down do you own it ?" was asked fur-
ther. " W h y , I never thought of it before,
but I suppose I own half way through."
" Exactly," said Dr. Skinner; " I suppose
you do, and I want this money for the Chi-
nese—the m e n whose land joins yours at
the bottom,"
A n d specially in this age, when distance
has been practically lessened so much, are
the people of the world bound together
25,000 miles around the world are not so
muck as they used to be. The Atlantic
ocean is not half so wide, practically, as it
once was. Africa and America are not so
far apart. Syria is much closer than it
formerly was. God, by such ties as the
ocean steamer, the iron horse, the tele-
graph, the cable, and the newspaper, has
bound the people of the world more closely
together. The heathen are not so far from
our doors as in times past.
VII. Foreign Missions are a source
of m u c h Blessing to the H o m e Field.
The answer to Crowninshield's objec-
tion, in the Massachusetts Senate, to the
exportation of religion, was pointed and
practical; that religion was a commodity
the more of which we exported the more
w e would have left,
Poreign Miseion work opens up new
avenues for the development of our spiritu-
ality ; for the broadening of our interest,
our reading, our study, our planning, our
prayers, and our gifts. It unifies the
Church; gives us c o m m o n ground on
which to work, c o m m o n aims and endeav-
ors, a c o m m o n goal towards which to
strive. Great blessing to our o w n church
has come from our Poreign Mission work.
Very few schemes, if any, of all that we
have been engaged in, have been so fraught
with blessing to ourselves as the mission-
ary operations beyond the blue Mediterra-
nean. It is a joyful fact that all right do-
ing brings a blessing to the doer. The
sphere of work is the sphere of growth.
Does not the reflex influence of the for-
eign work increase our interest, our num-
bers, our liberaUty ? Ten thousand doUars
to the foreignfielddo not take ten thou-
sand dollars from the h o m e work. It is
doubtful that it decreases it one dollar.
Yea, it m a y even increase it, and increase it
much.
In conclusion, let it be said with regard
to both the h o m e and foreign work that
the Church has far from reached the limit
of her ability in either direction. Hew
m a n y have done all in their power in every
way for the work at h o m e and abroad T
H o w m a n y church members have given of
their means all they could, and all they
should, for the two mean the same t Let
them stand up to be counted. It wUl not
take long. True, some m a y have given
well to Christian objects, whUe they yet
were in debt to their fellow-men; but it may
be that the fault was in the second place,
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
and not in thefirst.A n d is there not such
a thing as owing G o d as well as m a n ? T h e
analysis of m a n y a church collection, if
shouted from the house-top, ought to
bring, but might not, the blush of shame
to different cheeks. In the Church of
Christ yet the willing horse bears the heavy
load. The backbone of Christian activity
is a minority, more or less small, of the
•professed followers of Christ. The Church
is not, by any means, on fire with enthusi-
asm in the service of her King. T h e aver-
age member does not seem to be aflame
with zeal for the glory of G o d in the salva-
tion of men. H e does not appear to be
striving as in a race. His efforts do not
suggest that he is straining himself for the
uplifting of men. H e feels more in his
heart than he does in his pocket for the
heathen. There are quite a number of pro-
fessing Christians, intelligent, cultured,
prosperous, kind, and helpful, w h o appear,
as far as work is concerned, to be seldom,
or never, shaken out of a self-contented jog
I T E M S O F M I S S I O N A R Y
ABROAD. thievery, or perhaps because they are of a
Mersine, Asia Minor.—A private letter different race and have different customs.
from Rev. R. J. D o d d s of Tarsus Mission,
dated January 23d, contains a paragraph or
two that w e take the liberty of sharing
with our readers:
Dr. Metheny has just fitted up a com-
fortable room with stove andfirefor some
poor Circassians, where they sleep and eat.
They are a despised people, despised by
Christians because of poverty, rags and
dishonesty, and by M o h a m m e d a n s , their
co-r§ligionists, I scarcely know why—per-
haps on account of their reputation for
55
toward the kingdom of glory. " Thy king-
d o m come " m a y be the petition of lip and
knee, but heart and head, hand and pulse
but feebly re echo the sentiment. A touch-
ing story is told of a poor blind woman,
who, at a missionary meeting in Paris, put
27 francs into the collection. She was told
that she could not afford so much. She
answered: "Yes, sir, I can." W h e n asked
to explain, she said: " I a m blind; and I
said to m y fellow straw-workers, ' H o w
m u c h money do you spend in the year for
oil 'for your lamps when it is too dark to
work nights ?' They replied: ' Twenty-
seven francs.' So I found that I save so
much in the year because I a m blind, and
do not need a lamp; and I give it to send
light to the dark heathen lands." N o w ,
suoh m a y not be the measure of our duty ;
but will G o d ever answer the prayer for
the coming of His kingdom until the peti-
tion is more generally and deeply desired
in the Church, and more earnestly and ac-
tively wrought out in her life ?"
INTELLIGENCE.
W o r d from the interior shows much suf-
fering from famine this year, and even here
it is felt to some extent, though not so
severely as in m a n y other places.
I preached last Sabbath on Paul and
Silas in prison. T h e congregation num-
bered over a hundred, fewer than usual.
I remember m y father rarely ever had the
privilege of preaching to a fourth of that
number. W h e n the bell rang for service, the
Arab part of the congregation, usuaUy
tardy, had not assembled, and, as some
56 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

were present w h o must have their portion or difficulties encountered, little realizing
in English, I began by explaining the 125th what a small fragment of time there re-
Psalm in that language, and then in Arabic. mains for writing after the work of each
M . Hanna Haleby then translated m y day is done, and h o w little disposed one
words into Turkish. H e has a rare gift often feels to such exertion after its wor-
for doing such work and can follow a ser- ries and vexations are over. Then, too,
m o n of half an hour in length, giving it any account of work done must to a great
almost verbatim in Turkish. H e has put extent be a repetition of what has often
the 23d, the 1st, and one-half of the 2d been written before. But even a common-
Psalm into meter in Turkish for use in place record of passing events as they occur
special services, as, for example, one held from day to day m a y not be entirely unin-
in our ehurch Sabbath night by Dr. interesting. The present school year, so
Christie, of Tarsus, w h o happened io be far, has been marked with but little of an
with us over Sabbath. A large congrega- unusual character. The work has pro-
tion, few of w h o m had been present at gressed up to this time -without the op-
either of our services during the day, position which was such a marked feature
waited on his ministrations. of that of last year.
Suadia, Syria.—The brethren in Suadia Y o u -will be glad to k n o w that the re-
are full of gratitude to the Head /of the moval of the boys' school to the new
Church for having called them to so invit. building was accomplished without any
ing afieldof labor. The outlook is very objection on the part of the Government,
emouraging. The alterations and repairs and that the work has been greatly faeU-
on the Lower House have been completed, itated by this change to its present new and
and a good h o m e has thus been provided commodious quarters. W e have not been
for the girls' school. W e regret, however, to able, however, to open any of the closed
have to say that the money needed to meet schools a m o n g the FeUaheen in the mount-
the necessary expenses has not yet been ains, although no attempt has been made,
contributed. Months ago a Call was issued, as w e feared might be done, to prevent
giving an accurate estimate of the expense them from attending the Boarding Schools
and asking the friends of the work to send here in the city. It is sad to think that
their offerings for this purpose to Treas- this once open door has been so effectually
urer Walter T. MiUer, Cotton Exchange barred against the teaching of the truth to
BuUding, N e w York City, with as little this ignorant people, but God's ways are
delay as possible. Churches and indivi- always the best ways, although we may
duals will please bear in mind the Claims often be little^ able to understand them.
of this Mission. Early in November I visited the three
Latakia, Svria.—No doubt the good schools which w e have been enabled to keep
friends at h o m e w h o support the Lord's open in the southern part of thefield,in
work here, and daily pray that His king- Soda, Mettin and Tartoos, and must tell
d o m m a y come in this land of darkness you a Httle about the work there. The
and misrule, frequently look for fuller re- first place visited was Tartoos, The school
ports of work done, successes achieved there is supported almost wholly by our
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 57
native teachers, and is taught by a gradu- on these occasions. All kinds of people,
ate of our boys' school here. It has been of all creeds and no creed, in all sorts of
in progress about three years, and is in a garments and sometimes almost no gar-
very prosperous condition, with an attend- ments, afflicted with almost every dis-
ance of twenty-five to thirty pupils. They ease, real or imaginary. Thus they oome,
seemed to be well drilled, and whatever to the number of half a hundred or more,
they m a y lack, they seem to have acquired each seemingly more anxious than the
a large fund of religious knowledge. Quite other to have his case disposed of first.
a number were able to repeat the Shorter The first half hour is always spent in
Catechism -with proofs, and chapter after Scripture reading, remarks and prayer,
chapter from the Scriptures, besides giving then follow the prescribing for cases and
very intelligent answers to questions on preparing of medicines, and this is made
the same. After the examination of the doubly difficult by the fact that all direc-
school I was invited to spend the night tions have to be repeated so often. I have
with the Greek priest of the place, w h o is seen patients return as often as two or
a very ignorant but kind-hearted old m a n , three times, having forgotten the direc-
and w h o is very friendly to our work tions given them. T h e surroundings of
there. T h e next morning w e were beset m a n y of them are of such a character, their
on every side by those having both real ignorance and poverty so great and de-
and imaginary ailments, and w h o were grading, that one is often tempted to ask,
anxious to be treated. W h a t is the good ? Perhaps in m a n y cases
After spending some time prescribing it is fruitless, but results are at least occa-
for them, w e set out for the other villages, sionally met with, even in the most unfa-
which w e visited during that and the fol- vorable cases, that encourage us to do
lowing day, every m o m e n t of our time being what w e can, feeling that here and there
fully taken up, either in the schools or in some good is done, some seed sown that
seeing patients, and it w a s with difficulty shall bear fruit to eternal life.
that w e were able to (Convince them that J. M. Balph.
our work would not permit us to remain
longer with them. O n the evening of the GuRBASPUB, North India.—The Heeald
fifth day w e arrived home, after a weary OF Mission News has been coming reg-
journey of over a hundred miles, but glad ularly and we enjoy reading the news of
of the opportunities presented for doing the the work from your branch of the Church
Master's work. and other parts of the world which it con-
And so it is, whether at h o m e or in the tains. Having a little leisure, I will tell
-villages—the amount of work one is able you something about our district, and h o w
to do is only Umited by his or her power the work is prospering in it. This Gur-
of endurance. W h e n here in town, I gen- daspur district has four townships in it,
erally try to hold clinics two or three times which altogether contain a population of
a week, besides the visiting of patients at 823,695, and 2,314 towns and villages. For
their homes. I wish I could picture to two of these townships the Gurdaspur mis-
you the motley crowd that is often present sionaries are responsible. There are six
58 Iterris of Missionary Intelligence.
foreign and about 30 native workers to
evangelize a population of 392,886, and
these are scattered in 1,113 villages. Pour
of these are towns of over 5,000 each. M y
sister and I have worked in 234 of these
vUlages in the past six years. This year
w e visited 127 villages, of which 25 were
entered for thefirsttime. As half or more
of this vast population are w o m e n and
girls, w e feel that a great responsibility
rests upon us. For with all our efforts,
what w e accomplish seems so insignificant
compared with what must be left undone.
The people are accessible, and receive the
Gospel wiUingly; the limit to our work
is only time and strength.
W e have 733 Christians living in 26 vil-
lages. The Christians are mostly poor,
and a great deal of our time is spent
among them, trying to get them estab-
lished in Christian principles. W e find in-
teresting work among the heathen for all
the time we can give them. Below are a
few incidents of our work among them.
In Gurdaspur City, whUe visiting an in-
telUgent doctor's wife, w e read her the ac-
count of Christ's second coming, after
which she said, " O h ! if only some one
would come back from the dead, no one
would doubt his testimony about the other
world." W e replied, " O h , no! people
would think he was an evil spirit and re-
main unbelieving, for Christ raised many
and rose Himself from the dead and people
reject their testimony." After talking with
her a while about the Christian's hope and
Christ's promises to them, she exclaimed:
"If any one 'will promise m e deliverance
from t'he pain of death, the angels' inquiry
and giviag account in the grave and
the assurance of heaven, I will become
a Christian at once." She asked for a copy
of the 51st Psalm.
In a village an old M o h a m m e d a n woman
asked us to read about the birth of Jesus
Christ. She wanted to k n o w just how it
was. After reading it she said, " It is not
at all like people say it was.''
In a baker's house, the wife and six of
her neighbors listened with great interest
to the reading of some portions of God's
W o r d showing the need of repentance to-
ward G o d and faith in the Lord Jesus, and
the futUity of good works. They made
several visible signs of repentance, and two
shed tears.
At another village, in the court of a low
caste, an old w o m a n and grandchUd were
quite blind. While trying to make the
Way of Ught and salvation clear to them,
and while telling them that sin was the
cause of all our troubles, the old woman
quoted the words of the disciples to the
Master, " I do not k n o w w h o has sinned,
this boy or his parents, that he was b o m
blind."
In several vUlages questions were asked,
showing that the good seed sown by Dr.
Gordon and others w h o preceded us was
being watered by God's Sphit and bring-
ing forth fruit. O n e asked, " W h a t is God,
where is H e , and h o w should H e be wor-
shiped ?" Another, " W h a t do you eaU
sin?" " W h a t is good works?" " W h y
do you do good works, if not to merit sal-
vation?" " W h a t benefit wUl w e receive
from giving in GocTs name, in the next
world?" "Will our dead receive what we
give in their n a m e ?" etc.
They are taught by their teachers that
hearing is not beneficial unless they make
an offering to their teacher. So w e are
frequently asked in this district to accept
price. W e tell them w e do not take
money, but if they wish they oan give it to
the poor in God's name. Giving is a part
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 59

of the every-day religion of this people, Saturday, had stayed for service on Sab-
and when they are converted they ought bath, and were there on Monday night,
to make liberal Christians. and we had peanuts and popcorn and a lit-
Rosa T. Wilson. tle candy for every one, and they seemed
well satisfied. Some good mother had sent
AT HOME. 'with other goods a warm black bonnet,
Cache Creek Mission.—We had thirty- and this was hung on the tree and marked,
one children in school, and they had done " For the oldest Comanche woman in the
so well that we almost dreaded the inter- house," and there was a good deal of fun
ruption of the holidays; but no such idea in deciding who was to wear it, but finally
entered the children's minds, for, as the it settled down on the head of an old
time drew near, they-were almost wild with grandmother present. School work started
the prospect of a few days in the camps. off the next morning and the parents
W e urged on them and the parents the ne- started home. Does some one feel inclined
cessity of being in school promptly at the to say, " What is the use ? " Let m e tell
first of the new year, and painted as viv- the rest of the story befor'e you decide.
idly as we dared the glories of the Tree Seven children were yet at their homes,
that we would have. Every child went and Mrs. Carithers and I started out to
home. In every vacation before this some gather them in. W e traveled 130 miles
of the children had remained at the Mission.before they were all in school. If time and
energy are of any value it was worth more
On Saturday, January 6, the day ap-
than it cost if it did nothing more than
pointed, twenty-two of the children came bring the children back promptly. W e
in, two more on Monday, and Monday aim in the school work to give at least one-
night we had the Tree. A young cedar half of the time to the study of Bible sto-
from one of the mountain valleys did duty, ries. Psalms, golden texts and questions,
and kind friends in the States had not for- and in trying to make the study of these
not a mere committing of words, but a
gotten the black eyes that would be look-
clear understanding of what the words
ing for presents. Mittens, handkerchiefs, mean, so far as that is possible. W e try
caps, books, dolls, pencils, etc., made quiteto hold before our own minds, and keep
a display on the Tree, and any one who constantly before the minds of the children,
saw the company that night never could be the fact that religion is the important
matter.
brought to believe that an Indian never
If those who spend time in opposing the
shows excitement. use of the Lord's money in education,
W e had grown a lot of peanuts on the would define exactly what kind of educa-
Mission farm, so we could give each one a tion they oppose, it would make the matter
generous sack of peanuts and popcorn, and clearer, so readers would know whether
a barrel had come the week before with they agreed with them or not. I can easily
imagine educational lines along which the
thirty-two pink bags of candy, and that
Lord's money should not be used; but, on
made enough to satisfy every one. Then the other hand, I am positive there are
we had given special invitations to all the lines of educational work in which it is a
parents and friends to come, and almost duty to use the Lord's money.
all, when they brought their children on W. W. Carithers.
Fort Sill, Okla. Ter.
 05
o
M O N O G R A P H S .
ARABIC PETITION TO BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS.

«5l--'^-^^-4^^'l'-^- ^' ^ •-/ > ;^ii^^ "^^ ^ ^^1- ^1^' f T f t

O n the opposite page -will be found a Translation of this Petition, with the English Signatures
of some of the petitioners.
 Monographs. 61

^' ^
62 Monographs.

At our request. Rev. Henry Easson has they can spare, they are losing aU faith in
suppUed the following information in re- their old religion and w e hope t;hat they
gard to the foregoing petition : wUl soon, by the help of the Spu:it, openly
^, . ^ ,^ T ,-„„o accept of the truth as revealed in God's
The signatures represent nve religious £^
word.
^^'^ ® • The nineteen Protestant signatures are
Reformed Presbyterian 19 ^j^^^^ ^j residents in Latakia, with the ex-
Greek Orthodox 57 ^gpy^^ ^f ^.j^^.^^ ^^^^ Jendairia, and m-
Armenian 1 ^j^^j^ ^j^^ names of the Eiders and Deacons
Catholic 2 .^ ^^^^^ ^^^ congregations.
Mohammedan 8
The seal attached to a name does not SPEAR-POINTS.
necessarily imply that the owner occupies
an official position, and, as far as I can dis- A s soon as a m a n gets right with God he
cover, those on the petition are private, can't bear the thought of being wrong with
but used here perhaps to give the docu- anybody else.
ment a legal appearance. Every time a Christian goes wrong he
It is the custom of the country that makes it harder for some sinner to go
every business transaction, in order to be right.
legal, must not only be signed but sealed ; The m a n w h o is religious anywhere will
and if a person has no seal, he is required be religious everywhere.
to make the impression of the tip of his W h e n you shake hands with a young
little finger. This is usually done by convert don't do it with the tips of your
putting- ink on the point of the finger and fingers.
making an impression below the name. It is not a good plan for the head of the
Those not ha-ving seals have omitted this family to do aU the giving.
on the petition as not necessary. N o life is worth living that is not a
A number of those w h o have signed the blessing to others.
paper belong to the leading families in The m a n w h o controls himself leads an
Latakia, some of them holding office under army.
the local government at Latakia, and others Don't put yourself in the power of the
in the Consulates of the English, Greek m a n whose wife is afraid to ask him for
and German Governments, Only one per- money.
son indicates his official position, and after It is just as needful that Christians
his name has written, "Muhtar (chief) of should rejoice in the Lord as that they
the Armenian Sect at Latakia." should go to church.
There are only a few families of Arme- Sm-round a sinner with happy Christians
nians in Latakia and the names of the lead- and he wUl either be converted or leave
ing m e n are on this paper. They used to the country.
attend our services quite regulariy and I There is a moldy streak in your rehgion
trust they do so still, for as they have no if you never praise the Lord when yon
priest and their Bishop visits them about can't have things your w & y . — T h e Rani's
once a year in order to get what money Horn.
 Monographs. 63
A L L F O R CHRIST. have kept the faith; henceforth there is
Rev. J. Whitamore, of Madras, tells an laid up for m e a crown of righteousness,
interesting and very touching story of a which the Lord, therighteousJudge, shall
young Brahmin who came into one of his give m e at that day."—The Golden Censer.
services. H e had wandered 2,000 mUes
seeking rest and peace for his soul. H e CHRISTIAN ENDEAVOR DAY.
was converted. His relations did their ut- On Sabbath evening, the 4th day of
most to change his mind. The bitterness February, special services were held by the
of parting with them was almost too much. Young People's Christian Endeavor So-
Just as he was on the point of yielding to ciety connected with the Second Reformed
the tears and lamentations of his brother, Presbyterian Congregation of New York,
he says the vision of Ghrist came to him, to commemorate the founding of the
and he shook off his brother's embrace parent Society.
and departed, literally leaving "father, The meeting was opened by singing a
mother, sisters, brethren, houses and lands, portion of the 148th Psalm; and, after
for the kingdom of God's sake." H e is prayer, the President, Mr. Walter J.
teaching pariah chUdren and leading them Greacen, who conducted the exercises with
lovingly to Jesus. noticeable tact and impressiveness, called
on Mr. R. W . Montgomery to present the
WHAT IT COST. following Report on the work of the Year
A methodical man died in Berlin recent- at H o m e :
ly at the age of seventy-three. W h e n " Just before the Montreal Convention
eighteen years old he began keeping a the founder of the Christian Endeavor
record which he continued for fifty-two movement completed a Christian Endeavor
years, which is the best commentary we journey around the world. The journey
have seen on the life of a mere worldling. covered about 39,000 miles, and every-
His life was not consecrated to a high ideal. where were found hosts of Endeavorers.
The book shows that infifty-twoyears this Over 350 addresses were made by Dr.
"natural m a n " had smoked 628,715 cigars, Clarke, before audiences that aggregated
of which he had received 43,694 as pres- largely over 100,000. More than twelve
ents, while for the remaining 585,021 he nations were visited, and these addresses
had paid about $10,433. In fifty-two were made, largely through interpreters,
years, according to his bookkeeping, he had in over twenty languages. Several active
drunk 28,786 glasses of beer and 36,096 societies were found on the Hawaiian
glasses of spirits, for aU of which he spent Islands, and in Samoa are many heroic En-
15,340. The diary closes with these deavorers, some of whom have just gone
words: "I haye tried all things, I have as missionaries to Borneo. New Zealand
seen many, I have accomplished nothing." has many zealous societies; so has Tas-
A stronger sermon could not be preached , mania. More than six hundred societies
than to put this testimony against that were found in Australia, where, in all the
of thefirstmissionary, "I have fought a large cities, conventions of great power
goodfight,I havefinishedm y course, I were held. Among the events of the past
64 Monographs.

year has been the union of the Endeavorers societies. S o m e of these are in Liberia, in
of Victoria, Queensland, South Australia Guinea, in Cape Colony, Natal and the
and N e w South Wales in an Australian Orange Free State, while in the world's
United Society of Christian Endeavor. O n large.st island, Madagascar, are over thirty
to Japan went our travelers, and found enthusiastic Endeavor Societies a m o n g the
Endeavorers from one end to the other of natives. In Syria and Turkey Dr. Clarke
the Sunrise Empire. This year has seen found over forty Endeavor Societies, their
the formation of a Japanese United Society members faithful to their pledge in spite
of Christian Endeavor, with more than of the bitter hostUity of the Mohammedans
thirty-six societies, and over one thousand to the Society and everything Christian.
members. Japan has held this year her T h e president of'the United Society next
first national Christian Endeavor conven- went to Spain, and then to France, holding
tion, and has established a national Chris- meetings on the way with Spanish and
tian Endeavor paper. T o China next, where French Endeavorers, At least nine
are Endeavorers not a few among our societies exist in France, England was
brethren of the Flowery Enapire. These the last country visited, with side trips to
Chinese societies are scattered along the Scotland and Ireland, where the Endeavor
coast from A m o y to Shanghai, and this Societies are rapidly increasing. The
year they, too, have formed a united largest national Endeavor convention ever
society, the Chinese United Society of held in England was held just before the
Christian Endeavor. Christian Endeavor Montreal meeting. English societies now
manuals have been published this year both number more than eight hundred. The
in Japanese and Chinese. Without stop- president of the British section is a mem-
ping to visit the Endeavorers of Siam and ber of Parliament. Besides the omitted
Burma, nor the m a n y societies of Ceylon, societies mentioned, this Christian En-
our Christian Endeavor travelers went on deavor journey failed to reach those in
to India. Here, in the north and the Alaska, in the West Indies, Mexico, Brazil,
south, in the east and the west of this Colombia and Chile, In aU of these
great empire. Christian Endeavor Societies countries zealous societies are found. The
exist, and they are all working most zeal- memorable tour m a y be said to have
ously for the Master. In m a n y of the ended at Montreal, where were delegates
Indian languages the Christian Endeavor from all parts of Canada, from all parts of
constitution has been printed this year— the United States, and, indeed, from very
in Telugu and Tamil, in Bengalee, Hindu- m a n y of these missionary lands which had
stani, and Mahrati. A superintendent of been visited.''
these societies has been appointed, who is Brief papers were read on the three
busily at work in their interests. F r o m subjects that Dr. Clarke had suggested for
India the course of this Christian Endeavor special study this year. Fellowship,
journey, passing to Syria, left untouched Beneficence and G o o d Citizenship; and
on the north the brave Endeavor Societies these papers, which are given in full, though
of Persia, and, on the south, those of the in some respects crude and necessarily
Dark Continent, Africa is dotted with lacking the literary finish of experienced
 Monographs.
writers, supply those, w h o know the
authors and have been watching their men-
tal and spiritual growth, with fresh illus-
trations of the value of this Church
Society as a training school for the
young:
Fellowship—First of all, our fellow-
ship is with the Father, and His Son
Jesus Christ. W e all need it, for if
we are left alone w e wUl drift away.
Let us look back to the early Disciples.
Christianity began its early ministry with
two men, not one alone. A s one of
our ministers has said: First, the Bible
teaches it; second, the tendency of the
age is in that direction. A s evil is strength-
ened, so is good by fellowship; third, it
works weU; it deepens loyalty to Christ's
cause everywhere; it strengthens the good
things in denominational life; it removes
that selfish spirit in churoh life, which ex-
ists wherever denominationalism is master.
This reminds m e of an illustration that
Mr. M o o d y once used w h e n speaking on
this subject. H e said: Let us take a
journey to the far West in the winter time.
W e see a fence here and there ; these rep-
resent the denominational lines. Let us
take this same journey a few months later,
when the grain is up. N o w w e see a vast
plain. This is what Christian Endeavor
fellowship will do, not removing the fences,
but covering them up.
As regards the necessity for fellowship,
all that I need to say is that the funda-
mental gifts of the religious life can be re-
ceived by the individual. The highest
gifts can only be received in fellowship.
Christian Endeavor fellowship for the indi-
'vidual is to be found in the local Society,
which ought to be as one family, and for
the societies, in Unions, local, county and
65
State, with this important limitation : Our
inter-denominational fellowship must not
be used to cut our society loose from de-
nominational control. Every country un-
der heaven needs new enthusiasms and no-
ble examples. There are false ideals of
life to be shunned and a loose morality to
be expelled. In our midst there is grow-
ing up a lessening sense of the sacredness
of the marriage tie; an increasing disre-
gard for the sanctities of the Sabbath.
Here is our reasonable service! Let us
devote our fellowship and all our forces to
G o d for this end. Act with courage; not
simply from a sense of duty, but also
from love, having surrendered ourselves to
the Mastership of Christ. W e are all un-
der one bond of fellowship, for Christ and
the Church. " O n e is your Master, even
Christ; and all ye are brethren." Since last
Christian Endeavor Day w e have added to
our fellowship 316,000 souls. W e have,
wearing the same emblem, persons in al-
most every -walk in life. A s it has been
said, one tradesman can recognize another.
W e are part of a vast army. Let us wear
this emblem of fellowship where it can be
seen. Soldiers of Christ, lift your banner
for Christ and the Church a little higher.
Let the world see where w e stand.
Behold, how good a thing it is,
And how becoming -well,
Together s'lch as brethren are
In unity to dwell!
Chas. H. Feitnee.
Beneficenob.—As we look around and
see on every side sorrow, and suffering,
grief, despair, and want, in aU their varied
forms, our hearts are saddened at the
sight, and involuntarily the cry rises
to our lips, " Is there no balm in Gilead;
is there no physician there ?" Yes!
66 Monographs.
thank God, there is a way by which
m u c h of the suffering m a y be alleviated;
the sorrow m a y be turned into joy, and
grief and despair into faith and hope.
G o d has given to every one of us the
opportunity of counteracting in a large
measure the terrible and direct results of
sin in the world. Here beneficence comes
to the front, and, as the sun's rays, pierc-
ing through the dark clouds, light up the
earth with beauty and gladness, even so
the exercise of the God-like virtue of
beneficence dissipates the clouds of sorrow
and brings happiness to m a n y worn and
weary hearts, causing them to sing for joy.
But some one m a y say, what do you
mean by beneficence f I turn to the dic-
tionary and find that the word means ac-
tive goodness; not goodness in the ab-
stract, not goodness sitting idly by with
folded hands, but goodness that is full of
life, goodness that manifests itself in
deeds of kindness, words of cheer, pleasant
smiles, to any and all with w h o m w e m a y
come in contact. Surely there is no work
in which the young people of the Society
of Christian Endeavor should be so actively
engaged in as the work of beneficence.
Does not our pledge bind us to do what-
soever the Master would have us do, and
are w e not required to follow in the foot-
steps of H i m whose whole life might be
s u m m e d up in the few words, " H e went
about continually doing good ?" A n d was
not His chief object in doing and dying
that H e might purchase to Himself a pe-
culiar people, zealous of good works ?
It is not m y intention, neither would I
have the time to enter into the various
ways and methods of manifesting benefi-
cence; each one must be guided by his
means and opportunities. But let m e say
in a general way, that w e should all be
actively engaged in good works, because
that is pleasing to God. " Not every one
that saith unto m e , Lord! Lord! shaU
enter into the kingdom, but he that doeth
the will of m y Father which is in heaven."
A n d w e k n o w that it is the will of Him,
" w h o causeth His sun to shine on the evil
and the good, and sendeth His rain on the
just and unjust,'' to have His children like
H i m in doing good to others.
Again, w e should be actively engaged in
this work because of the happiness it
brings to others. H o w often has the sin-
ner been arrested in his downward course
by a word kindly spoken, h o w often has a
hard heart been melted by deeds of kind-
ness, and souls brought to G o d by words
of love!
Again, w e should be actively engaged
in this work for our O'wn good. Would
w e know true happiness ourselves? It is
only to be found in making others happy.
If w e would have good w e must do good.
If w e would have that peace in our own
souls that passeth all understanding, wp
must strive by the grace of G o d to bring
that peace to others, and by so doing
manifest that love which is the fulfilling of
the law.
Let, then, our motto for the future be
the words of the Spirit through the Apos-
ple: " T o do good and to communicate
forget not; for with such sacrifice God is
well pleased." A n d H e w h o has promised
that even a cup of cold water shall not
lose its reward, shall return it unto your
O'wn bosom sevenfold.
"Then let us be doing while yet it is noon.
For the sun loiters not ia his mid-day career,
Let us prove that we kuow how to value the boon,
By using it well the brief time it is here.
 Monographs. 67

No matter how humble his station may be. the occasion of His words. S o m e one has
There is labor enough for each one to perform, brought to H i m a penny, and asks whether
With Faith, Hope, and Love, the invincible three,
it is lawful for a J e w to pay tribute to a
He can work out his mission in sunshine and
storm." R o m a n ruler, Jesus says in effect, " M y
"To-day set about the great work to be done; brother, the penny itself has settled that
To linger or doubt is no trivial sin; question. It has stamped upon it an im-
The harvest is plenteous, and ripe in the sun, age, or medallion, which is Csesar's like-
Awaiting tbe reapers to gather it in. ness. Give Csesar, therefore, his due. Pay
And he who returns when his labor is done,
taxes, obey the laws, honor the civil au-
Bearing sheaves for the garner of virtue and
peace, thorities ; but that you m a y do so, begin
Shall receive the glad palm all the valiant have by paying your taxes to God. T h e penny
won. bears an image ; so do you. T h e penny
Whose brilliance the future shall ever increase." is from the mint of the Emperor; you are
Bessie Shaw MoGraw. from the mint of God. T h e use of the penny
Good Citizenship—Rev. J. R. Macduff has
is determined by its likeness; so, too, your
said, "Wordstell what we shouldbe; deeds
teU what we are." W e who have taken the use is determined by your likeness. Every
Word of God to direct us in our pilgrimage faculty in you, every grace and charm and
through this world, and are governed by power which is most characteristic and dis-
it, know from the teachings of Christ and tinctive, is the stamp of the divine hand.
His apostles the duties involved in good Y o u are God's child; you bear His image.
citizenship. These may be expressed in Render to H i m your supreme and unceas-
three words: Obedience, Honor and ing tribute, and in doing that, all other
Prayer. (Rom. 13: 1-7; 1 Pet. 2: 13-15; and minor questions will settle themselves.
1 Tim. 2: 1, 2.) In the discharge of Render, therefore, unto Csesar the things
these duties we are to be governed by that are Csesar's, do I say ? Y e s ; but ren-
the idea of supreme loyalty to our Saviour der them because, and in the inspiration
and King. "In a conflict of authorities, of that higher duty, which bids you render
tbe higher authority must rule." (Acts 4 : unto G o d the things that are God's." If
19.) we were to be guided by the sentiment of
Many and great are the expenses in- the religious press and pulpit of to day w e
curred in the administration of govern- would almost be forced to say that the es-
ment. These should be defrayed by those sential to good citizenship is a proper
who enjoy its benefits. This we do, and use of the ballot. W e have a higher citi-
hold that to seek in any way to avoid the zenship and a nobler patriotism. W e can
payment of taxes is to be not only dishon- see in the lives of Abraham, Joshua, David,
est, but disloyal to the teachings of Christ. Daniel and Paul the essentials of a good
Bishop H . Potter,' in his exposition of citizen. " In all thy ways acknowledge H i m
Matt. 22: 17-21, says our' Saviour is not and H e will direct thy paths." Could w e
defining two duties which stand in con- as Christian Endeavorers consistently send
trast to each other. H e is defining one one of our number to the C o m m o n Council
duty in its just relation to another and a of this city, where two-thirds of its m e m -
higher duty out of which it grows. Recall bers are owners of dens of iniquity which
 Monographs.
are sending more souls to perdition daily
than any other agency which Satan has?
D o our deeds tell what w e are on this line?
W e m a y be asked what w e are doing to
improve it. Our pledge gives us the an-
swer. The wiU of H i m w h o hath called
us out of darkness into His marvelous
light. W e are following Christ's example;
w e are ambassadors of Christ, and our
duty is to lead m e n out of this world to flee
for refuge to Jesus Christ. It was by the
word of His power H e created the world,
by the living W o r d H e redeemed it, and by
the preached word shall all nations ac-
knowledge Him. The world may remon-
strate ; erring friends m a y disapprove;
Satan may tempt; but with our finger on
the revealed page, let the words of Paul
be ever a divine formula for our guidance:
" B e not deceived; G o d is not mocked, for
whatsoever a m a n soweth that shaU he also
reap. For he that soweth to thefleshshall
of thefleshreap corruption ; but he that
soweth to the Spirit shall of the Spirit reap
life everlasting."
' J. H. MoKitteick.
Miss McClean then read the following
Report in regard to the work of the Year
Abroad:
" Our Society is part of a vast and con-
stantly increasing army, numbering, as far
back as last October, as m a n y as 1,668,660
members in 27,841 societies. The year
that ended with the Montreal Convention
saw 316,000 Endeavorers added to our fel-
lowship, saw 5,276 new societies formed,
and, niost glorious of aU, saw 158,000 asso-
ciate members and other Endeavorers
added to the Church. Since last Christian
Eadeavor Day, 17,000 zealous young Chris-
tians have gathered at Montreal under the
banner, " For Christ and the Church," and
held thefirstInternational Endeavor Con-
vention convened outside the United
States. This great assembly was wonder-
ful for its enthusiasm, admirable in its
practical aims, and has in m a n y ways borne
blessed fruit. It has been followed by a
series of State, Territorial and Provincial
conventions, m a n y of them entirely un-
paralleled for size and power, and aU of
these unions have reported sturdy growth,
earnest endeavors and rich accompUsh-
ment. The year has seen increased
activity in Christian Endeavor work among
the sailors. Along either ocean, and by
the side of the great lakes. State Superin-
tendents of Floating societies are busUy at
work, and sailors by the hundred have be-
come loyal to Christian Endeavor. Last
October as m a n y as 1,000 sailors were
proudly wearing our badge, on over 200
ships, and n o w there are m a n y more.
Alongside the sea, Endeavorers in many
localities have been at work for the heroic
bands of life-savers, conducting meetings
and in m a n y ways helping them. The
movement is spreading among commercial
travelers, and m a n y ot these knights-errant
of trade n o w wear the Christian Endeavor
badge. During the year, Eadeavor Socie-
ties have greatly multiplied among the
Germans, and the German Christian En-
deavor Union of America is rapidly grow-
ing. Senior Societies are meeting with in-
creased favor. Junior Societies are multi-
plying at a rate which promises soon to
bring their number up to that of the
Young People's Societies, and nowhere in
the Christian Endeavor world are there
more zealous, consecrated workers than
these Juniors and their leaders. Among
the Indians, among prisoners, among
Chinamen, our societies are increasingly
flourishing. F r o m all these special lines
of work have come countless reports of
 Monographs.
great good accomplished. But certainly
in no one thing has the year's labor of our
societies been more lovingly enthusiastic
than in Missions. T h e Christian Endeavor
Missionary Institute has established its
missionary extension course of lectures in
many States and cities. City unions, nota-
bly those of PhUadelphia, Chicago and
N e w York, have become thoroughly organ-
ized for missionary activities. Denomina-
tional Christian Endeavor missionary
leagues have been formed. The denomi-
national Boards of Missions have been en-
riched by generous gifts from Endeavorers,
amounting to at least one hundred thou-
sand dollars. Courses of missionary study
have been undertaken, in private and in
classes. Christian Endeavor missionary
libraries have been formed. Under the
direction of denominational boards. Chris-
tian Endeavorers have built mission
churches, and supported m a n y missionaries
at home and abroad. Best of all, many
a young life has been consecrated to the
glorious work of the missionary. Time does
not permit even the mention of the multi-
form activities of this Christian Endeavor
year. Never before, in all the world's his-
tory, have young people worked so hard
and so zealously for Christ and the
Church."
The reading of these papers was inter-
spersed with songs of praise and prayers,
so aptly expressed and so manifestly the
breathing of spiritual desire as to stir the
hearts of waiting worshipers.
A very pleasant feature of the exercises
was an address from one of the elders of
the congregation, at the special request of
the Society, on " Practical Undertakings,"
in which he threw out m a n y valuable hints,
and urged the necessity of being thor-
oughly equipped in order to do effective
69
Christian work. Then came a consecration
service. In response to the leader, each
oommittee rose and renewed their conse-
cration vow in the following scriptural and
consequently very appropriate terms:
Officers.—Teach m e , O Lord, the way of
T h y statutes, and I shall keep it unto the
end.
Sabbath-school.—O, send out T h y light
and T h y truth. W e will give ourselves
continually to prayer and to the ministry
of the Word.
Temperance Committee.—I will let m y
moderation be k n o w n to all men. I will
keep m y body under, and bring it into sub-
jection.
Lookout Committee.—We will try to look
not every m a n on his o w n things, but every
m a n alpo on the things of others.
Prayer-meeting Committee.—As for m e ,
I will call upon God, and the Lord shall
save me. The Lord is nigh unto all them
that call upon Him, to all that call upon
H i m in truth.
Missionary Committee.—Por Zion's sake
will I not hold m y peace, and for Jerusa-
lem's sake I will not rest, until the right-
eousness thereof go forth as brightness,
and the salvation thereof as a lamp that
burneth.
Social Committee.—I will rejoice in the
Lord; I will joy in the G o d of m y sal-
vation.
This interesting and helpful hour of
service was closed with a self-denial offer-
ing of some fifteen dollars, which, as
agreed upon subsequently, has been sent
to Rev. James S. Stewart, of Latakia, to
aid in furnishing the reading-room in the
n e w bnilding; eight or ten sentence
prayers, singing two verses of the 143d
Psalm and tbe Benediction.
 70 EDITORIAL NOTES.
—The following contributions towards the Young Woman's Pund for the support
the salary of the Pastors' Missionary have of a foreign missionary, Mrs. Edwin Chase,
been received from the ministers of the of CornwaUis, N. S., enclosed six dollars
Church since our last report: and seventy-four cents for Foreign Missions
T, , . .„, , „.„ „„ from her Sabbath-school class. W e thank
Rev. J. A. Black $5 00 ,, , . .i,. /-,i ^ ii, • i
W v m a n la members of this Class for their yearly
" Henry Easson 20 00 remembrance of this branch of the Church's
Beaver Falls, Pa. work, and hope that each of them may re-
J. R. Latimer.,,, 5 00 ceive the special blessing that is secured
Rose Point, Pa. ^.^ ^^^^.^ ^^^ .^^^ ^^^g ^f^g^^ j^g ^a^^ ^q maj^g
Mr. Latimer, sent forward nearly the known to others the Gospel of eternal life.
whole of his contribution for the five-year — A few weeks ago we received an inter-
term, but we only publish in this list the esting letter from Rev. W . W . Carithers,
amount of the annual offering, for reasons our devoted missionary to the Indians.
that will be obvious after a while. Only With other moneys that it covered, that he
forty-five out of one hundred and seven instructed us to apply to different pur-
ministers have as yet intimated their desire poses, were twenty-five dollars that he had
to co-operate in this enterprise. W e hope promised Dr. Metheny for the proposed
that no one will deny himself this privilege. Mission to China. The same mail brought
— T h e following contributions towards » letter from Mrs. Mary T. Dunn, of
the salary of Elders' Missionary have also Quinter, Kan., 'with one dollar for the
been received since our last report: same Mission and another for the General
Mr, M. G. Euwer. $3 65 ^''°'^- '^^^^^ contributions have been put
Parnassus Pa ^^^'^ ^^® hands of the Treasurer.
" R. G. Robb 4 00 —Thankful acknowledgment is made of
Sharon, Pa. the receipt of fourteen doUars and eight
" John H^Ourrie. '••••••• 3 65 cents from " The J. H. W y U e Mission
" J R Steele ^ ' ' „ „_ Band" of Olathe Congregation, Kansas.
" J. B. Patterson ]. 3 65 ^^ *^® request of the donors this money
" J. M. Elder 3 65 wUl be devoted to the work under the
New Alexandria, Pa. supervision of Rev. J. Bogs's Dodds in
" James MUUgan.^. ,^. .^ 3 65 Suadia.
" David Campbell.!..... 3 65 —Miss Rosa T. WUson, who bas kindly
Lake Reno, Minn. ^^^^ lis a brief account of the work that
she and her sister with others are doing
Inourlastissue the contributions from i^ Gurdaspur, Northern India, left this
the Elders of Northwood and Baldwin, 111., country for her presentfieldof labor some
respectively, were credited to Mrs. Speer seven years ago in the same steamer witk
and Mrs. Patterson a typographical error Miss Maggie B. Edgai-, of Latakia. She
t o f ''^' ""'^'^""^^^ ^" '^^^""S page- is well known to the Covenanters of Morn-
ing Bun, and her communication wUl be
— I n forwarding a third subscription to read with special interest.
 Editorial Notes.
— T h e Ladies' Missionary Society of
Olathe Congregation have tJiis year added
one dollar and forty-five cents to their an-
nual contribution of twelve dollars and
fifty cents for the support of a foreign
missionary.
— A t the request of Miss Mary M . Hen-
ning, corresponding secretary of the so-
ciety, w e insert the following notice:
Arrangements have been made to hold
the niath annual meeting of the Women's
Missionary Society, of Pittsburg Presby-
tery, in Wilkinsburg, M a y 24 and 25. It is
hoped a very generous thank offering wUl
be given this year.
Maey M . Henning,
Corresponding Secretary.
— T h e Secretary of the Board of Super-
intendents of the Theological Seminary
has sent us the following notice :
The closing exercises of the Theological
Seminary for the Session 1893-94 will be
held Tuesday, March 20th. The Board of
Superintendents will meet at 9 a. m. in the
Seminary Building. Discourses by the Stu-
dents will be given at 3 and 7:30 p. m. in
the Central Church.
J. W . Spkoull, Secretary.
— N o w is the time to subscribe for the
Christian's Reformer a n d Dissenter. At
this, crucial hour in the history of the
American Nation, no Covenanter can
afford to be without a paper that has
special facilities for giving full and reliable
news of the great movement to secure a
Christian A m e n d m e n t to the National
Charter. Subscribers should, in ordering
the paper, ask for the back numbers for
this year, that they m a y have the complete
story of the great movement. T h e num-
ber issued on the Tenth of February con-
tains a stenographic report of the first
hearing before the Judiciary Committee.
71
A second bearing isfixedfor the Sixth of
March. In the meantime there should be
m u c h earnest prayer to the Redeemer and
Head of the Church that the brethren w h o
are chosen to present the question before
the Committee m a y be under the guidance
and control of the Holy Spirit, and that
the members of the Committee m a y be in-
clined to put honor on our Lord. Nor
should there be any difference of senti-
ment, m u c h less dissension, in regard to a
matter so important and far-reaching in its
results. Let the members of the Cove-
nanter Church present an undivided front,
ready to be, to give, to do, whatever the
Lord m a y demand to secure a constitu-
tional recognition of His Authority and
L a w . In this country a majority of the
people are professedly Christian, there
are laws on the statute books in harmony
with revealed truth, and frequently God-
fearing m e n are called tofillits places of
power and trust, but the Civil Constitu-
tion is not on the Lord's side. Shall w e not
cry, " It is time for Thee, Lord, to work,
for m e n make void Thy Law," and then
wait, strong in faith, and consecrating
all our energies to His service? H e is on
the Throne. A s every drop of water in the
stormy ocean is under the control of
irresistible law, so all existing infidelities
and passions, and disturbing forces in the
moral world, are under His control, and H e
will work for His own glory.
M a n y are saying that this movement is
visionary. O n the morning of June 22,
1680, twenty m e n rode up the High street
of Sanquhar, and Richard Cameron, after
prayer and praise, read aloud from the
Market Cross of that Ancient Burg a
declaration deposing the reigning mon-
arch, " as having forfeited several years
72 Editorial Notes.

before all right, title or interest in the marriage or transference from onefieldto
another. All the photographs are finely
crown of Scotland." W h a t a set of fools and
'visionaries! That declaration of war set executed, even those that had to be worked
on foot a series of political changes in the up from copies, w h e n the originals could
nation, and in 1688 the act of Cameron not be obtained, having a fresh and life-
and his loyal followers was repeated on a like appearance.
grander scale, and historians call it the In the upper corners of this unique pict-
glorious Revolution. It is not improbable ure are bunches of w U d flowers, and in the
that Argyle, Guthrie, Renwick, and m a n y lower comers a horse-shoe wreath and an
others, were counted visionary for expect- anchor of wild flowers, gathered in Asia
ing to save their country through efforts Minor and Northern Syria and brought to
that led to imprisonment and death. A n d this country by the missionaries, while
yet the contendings of these m e n gave sprays and bits of weed are scattered
birth to civil and religious liberty. If w e here and there a m o n g the portraits. In
believe in the great principle that under- the center of the title is the buUet-torti,
Ues this movement for a Christian Amend- flag that the Covenanters of East Munk-
ment, w e can say with the great apostle, land carried at the famous battle of Both-
even under the most disheartening circum- well Brig in 1678.
stances, " perplexed, but not in despair." This picture is historic and educative.
For God, earth's King, is reigning, It should have a place ia every Sab-
In psalms His praise make known ; bath-school, if not in "every famUy. The
God ever rules the nations, pastor or superintendent or parent who
God sits on holy throne. purchases one will put within the reach of
Because the earth's defenders those w h o are under his care a pictorial
Belong to God alooe. history from which tbey can leam more
They all belong to Jesus,
He's the Exalted One. of the missionaries and their respective
fields of labor in half an hour than from
—The Herald of Mission News has de- any other source of information in half a
signed a picture of all the foreign mission. month.
aries of the Reformed Presbyterian Church The Herald of Mission News, in the
in America, from the inception of the mis- expectation of selUng at least one to each
sionary enterprise in 1856 to the close of congregation, offers the picture, mounted
1893. The picture, which is twenty inches on cardboard and ready for framing, at the
wide and eighteen inches high, consists of low price of four dollars, or framed in
forty-three vignette portraits so arranged dark-brown oak for six dollars and fifty
as to ehow at a glance thefieldsto which cents. It will be on exhibition at Synod
these Christian workers were originally as- and for sale there. It is suggested that
signed or in which they are at present intending purchasers authorize delegates to
laboring. O n each card is mounted in dis- Synod to buy, if on examination the group
tinct letters and figures the name of the is found to be all that it is here represented
missionary ahd the date of appointment to be. This will save the item of express-
and the date in case of death, resignation, age.
 PUBLISHED iVITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
APRIL, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A 1894^.

O U R VIEWS OF MISSION W O R K .

THE GOSPEL TO THE NATIONS. I. I^he power to commission His a m -

bassadors to the nations originates in the
Rev. J. M . Fosier, Boston.
authoritative investiture of Christ with
" All power is given unto M e in heaven royal prerogatives.
and in earth. G o ye therefore, and teach B y the " decree " of Jehovah, Christ was
aU nations, baptizing them in the name of formally appointed King in the councils of
the Father, and of the Son, and of the eternity, when the covenant of grace was
Holy Ghost: teaching them to observe all ratified. " I was set up (appointed) from
things whatsoever I have commanded you." everlasting." In the Garden of Edtn H e
(Matt, xxviii: 18-20.) appeared and announced to the guilty pair
In the Song of Songs, " The Shulamite " that H e would tread upon the neck of their
represents the Church in her corporate destroyer as a conquering hero. " The
character, as the organic body of Christ. seed of the w o m a n shall bruise the ser-
" The Daughters of Jerusalem " signify be- pent's head." In the fulness of time His
lievers considered as individuals. In appointment was publicly acknowledged in
Matthew's Gospel w e have the Church's the unction of the Holy Spirit, w h o de-
oommission to " the nations " as organized scended upon H i m in the form of a dove.
bodies. In Mark the message is addressed " God, T h y God, hath anointed Thee with
to individuals, " to every creature in all the oil of gladness above T h y fellows.'''
the world." The authority with which H e was thus in-
The prophets were sent as the ambassa- vested made all His garments to " smell of
dors of the King of kings to the nations. myrrh and aloes and cassia, out of the ivory
The Lord said to Jeremiah : " See, I have palaces." But it was in His coronation.
thig day set thee over the nations, and over that His regal power was openly and form-
the kingdoms, to root out, and to pull down, ally recognized. Then " H e sat down on
and to destroy, and to throw down, to the right hand of the majesty on high," " far
build, and to plant.'' So the Gospel minis- above all principality and power and might.
try is to say to the great nations and and dominion, and every name that is
mighty rulers of the earth : " N o w , then, named, not only in this world, but in that
we are ambassadors for Christ: as though which is to come," " a sceptre of righteous-
Qod did beseech you by us, w e pray you ness " was placed in His right hand, " a,
in .Christ's stead. B e ye reconciled to crown of pure gold'' was set upon^ His
ijod." brow, "thousand thousands ministered
74 Our Views of Mission Work.

unto Him, ten thousand times ten thousand and to rule in the midst of His enemies.
stood before Him." His " chariots were Without granting the kingship of Christ
twenty thousand, even thousands of an- over the nations. His special kingdom,
.gels " ; on His vesture and on His thigh a which " is not of this world," would " take
n a m e was written: " King of kings and its rise in usurpation, and its claims would
Lord of lords," and the whole universe is be maintained at the expense of law and
m a d e to ring with the loud acclaim: order." Cortez had no right to lead his
" Worthy is the L a m b ! " B y virtue of this conquering companions into Mexico. Na-
universal mediatorial dominion Christ com- poleon had no right to enter Egypt. Eng-
missions His ambassadors to enter the land had no right to m a k e war upon
public domains of all nations, and call Afghanistan. B u t the Lord Jesus Christ
upon them to submit to His authority. has a perfect right to lead His armies into
^atan, the god of this world, had taken un- all the nations of the earth, and demand
lawful possession of the nations. H e held submission, because H e has been commis-
them as his possession. W h e n Christ came sioned by the Father. " A n d H e shaU rule
he shouted: "Shall the prey be taken from them with a rod of iron; as the vessels of
the mighty ? Shall the captive of the ter- a potter shall they be broken to shivers;
rible one be delivered?" Satan was the even as I have received of M y Father."
strong m a n w h o kept the house. Christ II. Christ's mediatorial dominion is
was the stronger than he w h o came and spiritual, a n d gives efficiency to this com-
bound him with the cords of the law ful- mission.
filled, and spoiled his goods. A n d H e au- T h e kingdom of Christ is not earthly
thorized His servants to go and take and temporal, but spiritual and eternal.
possession of these goods. In 1812 the " M y kingdom is not of this world." It is
X i n g of England invaded the territory of spiritual in its origin, "the kingdom of
ihe United States. The people were called heaven" ; in its subjects, "ye are not of
io arms and he was driven back in inglo- this world" ; in its laws, " the law is spirit-
srious defeat. H e had no right here. But ual" ; in its end, " the kingdom of God is
in the Sepoy Rebellion of India in 1857, not meat and drink, butrighteousness,and
«Queen. Victoria sent her Viceroy, w h o of- peace and joy in the Holy Ghost"i and
fered amnesty to all w h o would lay d o w n in its administration, " not by might,
their arms and submit to her sceptre, while nor by power, but by M y Spirit,
ihose w h o refused were to receive no saith the Lord." Its oflicers are spiritual,
(quarter. This she had a right to do, be- for they are clothed, not with magistratical,
cause they were in rebellion against just but ministerial authority. They bear not
•and legal authority. Christ, in thus com- the "sword,'' but "the keys of the king-
missioning His ambassadors, is only pro- d o m of heaven." Its army is spiritual,
viding to make reprisals from a kingdom " good soldiers of the cross of Christ." Its
that had withdrawn allegiance from its weapons of warfare, offensive and defen-
legitimate sovereign, and erected the stand- sive, are spiritual, "the weapons of our
ard of rebellion in the earth ; and H e has warfare are not carnal, but mighty throug:h
received authority to subdue the rebeUious G o d to the pulling d o w n of strong holds."
 Our Views of Mission Work. 75

A n d its sphere is the heart and conscience, Vegetable and animal life was created by
-" the kingdom of G o d is within you." Him. H e breathed into man's nostrils the
But we are not to suppose from this that breath of life, and m a n became a living soul.
the dominion of the reigning Mediator is H e gave Bazalliel wisdom and understand-
limited to His covenant people. His king- ing to devise a],l manner of cunning work
dom is in the world, though not of it, andis in gold and silver and brass. H e gave
•capable of being affected favorably or un- Socrates, Plato and Aristotle their pro-
favorably by earthly and temporal powers ; found thoughts. The genius of Homer,
therefore H e has been m a d e " H e a d over Virgil, Dante and Shakespeare is from Him.
aU things to His Church." His dominion Alexander, Csesar and Napoleon received
extends from the roofless heavens to the their military courage and skill from Him.
bottomless pit. A n d this universal domin- Fox, Pitt, Cromwell, Adams, Webster and
ion is spiritual. W e read that " the Spirit Sumner received their statesmanship from
was not yet given, because Jesus was not yet Him. The conquests of the Chaldean,
glorified." The full measure of the Spirit was Medo-Persian, Grecian and R o m a n E m -
not given until Christ had suffered. " H e pires, resulting in universal empire, were
was put to death in theflesh,but quickened the Spirit's preparation of Christ's way.
by the Spirit." This seems to mean. H e H e stirred up the barbarian hordes of the
was put to death bodily, but quickened North to overrun and destroy the R o m a n
•spiritually. As a reward for suffering and Empire. H e broke the night of the " Dark
death. H e received the resources of the A g e s " by the Crusades of the eleventh
Spirit's energy and influence. H e was and twelfth centuries. H e led to the
made a quickening Spirit. T h e Holy Spirit formation of the triple alliance between
is His as a purchased gift. A s the exalted Germany, Austria and Italy, holding Russia
King H e gives the Spirit. H e said : " It in the east and France in the west at bay.
is expedient for you that I go away, for if H e wUl break the alliance and blood m a y
I go not away the Comforter will not come; flow to the horses' bridles. H e led to the
hut if I depart, I wUl send H i m unto you." discovery of America, and the setting up
"When the Spirit descended on Pentecost, of the Republic. H e leads m e n to discover
-Peter said: " Christ hath shed forth this." the resources of the earth, gold and silver,
Thefirstgracious work of the Spirit is " to and brass and iron, and coal, and oil, and
•convince the world of sin," and Peter said: gas. The invention of the mariners' com-
"Him hath G o d exalted with His right pass, of printing, of the steam engine, the
iand to be a Prince and a Saviour, for to electric dynamo, telegraph and telephone,
give repentance to Israel." are the operation of the Spirit. He
Butthe operations of the Spirit are two- touches the hearts of kings and emperors,
fold, natural or c o m m o n , and gracious. and the gates of every land are opened to
The latter are limited to God's people, the the missionaries. The abundant harvest is
former are universal. In the beginning H e His blessing. The famine is the with-
brooded upon the face of the deep, reduc- drawal of His energy. The pestilence, the
ing chaos to the cosmos. H e beautified plague, the tornado, earthquake, fire and
this earth and garnished the heavens. war, are due to the withdrawal of His al-
76 Our Views of Mission 'Work.
mighty restraining power, allowing the
forces of evil to work their work for a time.
Everything good and true and beautiful,
the social, political and national order of
the world, are due to the Spirit. All evil
is the result of His saving, protecting,
quickening power being temporarily and
partiaUy stayed.
But all these operations of the Spirit are
subject to the authority of the King of
kings. W h e n there were so m a n y conver-
sions in the R o m a n Empire that it would
have collapsed had the Christians been
removed, and w h e n by the victories of
Constantine Paganism went down, and
Christianity ascended the throne of the
Csesars, " Christ shed forth this." In the
First Reformation, when the truth pro-
claimed by Luther, Calvin and Zwingle
shook every throne of Europe and the
Vatican at R o m e , " Christ shed forth this."
To-day the Spirit descends upon Germany,
England and America, and they control the
civilization of the world. " Christ hath
shed forth this." B y and by the Spirit will
be given without measure, and the king-
d o m s of the world will become the kingdoms
of our Lord and of His Christ. " Christ
will shed forth this."
III. The nations, in their corporate
character, as moral beings, are subjects of
this commission.
Historians and political philosophers
recognize the fact that a nation is a moral
personaUty, having reason, wiU and con-
science ; a unity and continuity running
through the generations ; capable of rights
and obligations, and having a character for
good or evil, as pronounced as the individ-
ual. They speak of " national faith,"
" national honor," " national integrity." A
nation contracts a debt, and m a y not
repudiate. T h e crimes of one generation
are visited upon those following. What is
more c o m m o n in Scripture than " ungodly
nation," "hypocritical nation," "wicked
nation," and "holy nation," "righteous
nation," " godly nation " ? T h e Roman
could stigmatize the Carthagenians with
" Punic faith." A n d the embittered poet
spoke of " Perfidious Albion." The great
English poet and statesman, Milton, said:
" A nation ought to be one huge Christian
personage, one mighty growth of an honest
man, as big in -virtue as in body." A
nation can proclaim a Fast and keep it. A
nation can call for a day of ThanksgiriBg-
and observe it. A nation can observe the
Sabbath by stopping the whole machinery
of government, including the mail sei-rioe
compelling the cessation of c o m m o n labor
by individual and corporation, and learing
its people free to " spend the whole time
in the public and private exercises of God's
worship, except so m u c h as is to be taken
up in the works of necessity and mercy.''
A nation can repent and confess its
national sins, as did Nineveh. A natioB
can swear allegiance to the Lord Jesus
Christ, and enter into covenant with
H i m , pledging itself to suppress aU open
and public violations of the precepts of tte
decalogue, and to encourage the people ia
virtue, morality and integrity—"a terror to
evil doers and a praise to them that do
well." A nation can receive the Holy Spirit
in its corporate capacity,fittingit for the
duties of its sphere, just as the Chui'ch
receives H i m in her corporate capacity,
fitting her for the duties of her sphem
Hence w e read: " H e shall sprinkle many
nations." If w e take another reading the
sense is even stronger. " A s many indi-
viduals were astonished at His humiliation,
 Our Views of Mission Work.
80 shall His exaltation cause m a n y nations
to leap for joy." This is the Spirit's
blessed work, showing Christ to the people.
In the 72d Psalm, one of the effects of
Christ's dominion over the nations is:
" H e shall come d o w n like rain upon the
m o w n grass." In the 110th Psalm, after
stating that Christ was exalted to the
Father's right hand, it is added: " T h y
people shall be willing in the day of Thy
power." This is the organic people. In
the 133d Psalm the Spirit is compared to
the dew descending upon the divinely con-
stituted Church and State. " Zion hill "
represents the Church. M o u n t H e r m o n
stands for the State. " A s the dew of
Hermon, and as the dew that descended
upon the mountains of Zion: for there the
Lord commanded the blessing, even life
forevermore." W h e n the Jews returned
from Babylon, and were rebuilding the
temple and establishing the civil order, the
prophet Zechariah encouraged them: " It
is not by might, nor by power, but by M y
Spirit, saith the Lord." Baptism is the
symbol of the anointing of the Holy Ghost
in the new economy. Hence the commis-
sion reads: " Teach all nations, baptizing
them in the name of the Father, and of the
Son, and of the Holy Ghost." W h e n a
nation swears allegiance to Christ, and de-
stroys the liquor traffic, prohibits Sunday
mails, Sunday trains and Sunday news-
papers, puts an end to speedy and easy
divorce, and exalts those w h o fear G o d to
positions <5f honor and trust, the Holy
Spirit descends. " H e shall baptize you
with the Holy Ghost and with fire." The
organic people, the nation, receive the same
kind of Baptism of the Spirit, in that
sphere, as the Church, the corporate body
of Christ, receives in her sphere.
11
IV. The proclamation of His crown
rights and royal prerogatives is the in-
strument through which the Spirit oper-
ates in national regeneration a n d sancti-
fication.
The prophet Ezekiel was sent to the
valley of vision. It was full of bones, and
they were very dry. H e was commanded
to prophesy. A n d he preached: " 0 ye
dry bones, hear the word of the Lord! "
A noise was heard, bone came to his bone,
andfleshand sinews came upon them, but
there was no life in them. Then he prophe-
sied to the winds—the Spirit: " Come,
O breath, and breathe upon these slain that
they m a y live! " A n d they " lived and
stood upon their feet, an exceeding great
army." These bones represented the house
of Israel, and their resurrection the national
restoration of God's people. The Spirit
performed this miracle through the preach-
ing of the word of the Lord. The question
is asked, " W h y is the Church's prophesy-
ing so inefficient in these latter days ?"
The Church has been in the Reformation
Period n o w four hundred years, and yet
only a small part of " the land " has been
taken for Christ. Out of nearly 1,500,000,-
000 in the world, 1,000,000,000 have never
heard of Christ. This is called the " age
of Missions." The Church has done m u c h
in translating the Bible into various lan-
guages and dialects, multiplying and dis-
tributing copies, and sending missionaries
to the perishing. But the fact remains,
that whUe the Church has gained 3,000,000
converts from the heathen world in the
past century, the heathen world has in-
creased 300,000,000. A n d among aU the
nations only three can lay any sort of claim
to be " Christian nations," viz.: England,
Germany and America, and they are so
78 Our Views of Mission Work.
loaded with popular vices and crimes as to
make the title a misnomer. W h y is this ?
I answer: 1. l'he Church needs purify-
ing. The Churoh is wedded to the world.
The saloon is an institution of Satan.
Church members vote to legalize it. The
lodge is a department of the kingdom of
darkness. Church members, officers and
ministers are in the lodge. Sunday trains
and the Sunday newspaper are worldly.
Church members o w n and use both. A
political body that acpepts authority under
a constitution that ignores the authority
and law of the King of nations is guilty of
political atheism. Churoh members are
identified in suoh political action. A n d un-
til the Church purges herself of these vio-
lators of God's law by discipline, she wiU
not receive that measure of the Spirit that
is necessary to the saving of the nations.
2, The Church does not preach a full
Gospel. The prophetic office of Christ is
proclaimed, and m e n accept of the revela-
tions of His W o r d and Spirit to make them
wise unto salvation. Christ is proclaimed
as Priest, to atone for our sins, and make
intercession for us before God. But h o w
few proclaim H i m as King. There is an
ominous silence respecting His regal
office. A n d here is the explanation of the
slow progress of the Church's work. Let
Christ be proclaimed King over all the
earth ; King in our hearts and lives, in our
homes, schools and markets, in money and
commercial exchanges, in city councils, leg-
islatures and Congress, in State and Na-
tional Constitutions; let H i m be proclaimed
King of nations as weU as King of saints,
and that the nation and kingdom that will
not o w n H i m shall perish ; then the Spu-it
wiU be " shed forth," and " a nation wUl be
born in a day.''
V. The Church that proclaims a full
Gospel will refuse to have political fel-
lowship with a n y nation that disowns
our Saviour-King.
Here the Reformed Presbyterian Church
stands alone in the sisterhood of Churches.
She has maintained the duty of poUtical
dissent from immorally constituted civil
governments from her birth in Scotland to
this day. It is the only way in which we
can free ourselves from responsibihty for
national rebellion against the King of
kings. It is the most powerful remedy
that w e can apply to political atheism.
Thus the ambassadors for Christ free them-
selves from comjjlicity for the sins of the
nation, and place themselves in a position
to make their message most effective.
T h e National Reform Association was
organized thirty years ago to unite the
friends of Christ in a co-operative effort to
bring this nation to the feet of her King,
by making a Constitutional recognition of
His authority and law. Last November,
the greatest convention in its history was
held in Allegheny, Pa. The interest
reached a white heat. The resolutions
adopted most wisely connect every leading
reform of the day with the law of Christ,
and at last sum up all by affirming the
necessity of a recognition of Christ's claims
in our National Constitution to make these
efficient. T h e Association fm-nishes the
Covenanter Church a strategic opportunity
to declare the truth respecting Christ's
crown and sceptre and throne.
The question is raised: " Should Cove-
nanters make political dissent a part of
their message?" I should say, yes. It
is the legitimate application of the doctrine
of Christ's kingship over the nations. It
is a liberty I have always used as I had
 Items of Missionary Intelliger, 79'

occasion. " Wisdom is profitable to direct." ground for our political dissent, is surely
Our National Reform brethren of other the height of unwisdom. Let no such
Churches say in public meetings, that vot- thing be thought of. W e all believe iit
ing is the way to bring about this reform. National Reform as provided in the Na-
Why should I be deprived of the privilege tional Reform Association, Let us push
of saying, that political dissent is the true that. W e all believe in our political dissent-
remedy? It is self-evident that every as the only position that can make our
Covenanter should feel at perfect liberty to message efficient. Let us press that upon
declare the whole truth on the National the consciences of all Christian citizens.
Eeform platform. There is nothing in the Let our ministers publish it in every paper,
constitution of that body to prevent it. secular and religious, within their reach.
Duty makes it imperative. But to talk of Let them proclaim it from the platform of
our Church withdrawing from a movement every meeting they can attend, as the appli-
which has for its original and avowed pur- cation of their message respecting Christ's
pose the very object we seek, and the ac- royal claims, W e are not divided. W e are
complishment of which would remove the one. Let us go forward as one company.

ITEMS O F M I S S I O N A R Y INTELLIGENCE.

ABROAD. proved himself an earnest evangelist and

faithful above many :
Mebsine, Asia Minok.—In a letter to a
friend and not intended for publication, Tarsus, Feb. 13, 1894.
dated Feb. 16, Miss Jennie B. Dodds Rev. Me. Dodds :
writes: "The school is still increasing. Deak Sir : Some days ago m y brother
We now have sixty-six boys and girls in sent to m e about three hundred picto-
the Boarding School. It keeps us all rial cards, on each a test from the
quite busy. I never had better health Gospel, some of them in the Arabic lan-
than I have had since coming- to Asia guage and the rest in the Turkish lan-
Minor. I never enjoyed m y work so well guage, and I have presented some of them
as I do now. I rejoice every day that God to several persons, and I never thought it
sawfitto allow m e to. do this work. Miss shall be great danger to m e and great
Sterrett is looking a great deal better than
trouble td m y wife. Last Saturday, four
she did on our arrival. She needed com- hours after sunset, our street door was
pany as well as help. She has been and is roughly knocked, and some persons in-
a faithful worker." humanly called me, but I was suffering
The following letter, which Rev. R. J. from m y sickness, yet I went out to see
Dodds has kindly forwarded to us, will who are those. Behold, two poUcemen
enUst the sympathies of the church on be- ordered m e to go with them to the Gov-
half of Mr. Nicola Dabbak, who has ernment's Court. I s'aid to them, " W h y
80 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
did you not come at day ? N o w I cannot
go as I a m £o sick, but to-morrow I will
go." They replied, " Just n o w you must
come." I asked them, " W h a t is the mat-
ter? " They did not answer me, but one of
our neighbors whispered me, "To-day the
Government retained ten letters and some
Armenian persons, and perhaps for this
•matter those came n o w to take you."
Though I a m innocent, yet I and m y wife
at once remembered what w e heard some
time ago of the distress of the Armenian
people, and perhaps some wicked enemy
convinced the Government that I have any
partnership with the Armenian.
Then I looked at m y wife and m y seven
little children, and thought very likely I
shall not see them again, yet I did not say
-good-by to them to make them not under-
stand m y thought, but m y wife understood
the state, and so I went in very great
sorrow and trouble, leaving m y wife in
very dreadful case. They entered m e to
the police office, and I did not see any-
thing as m y neighbor said to me. H e
has heard his news by mistake, but the
Chief asked me. Did you distribute any
cards f Yes, cards of texts from the Gos-
pel and nothing else. Where were print-
ed ? In England. H o w many you got of
-them? About three hundred. Did you
bring them ? No, but somebody sent them
io me. What for did send them? It is
custom in our churches to send each
•other some present on the N e w Year's
day, and so they were sent to present them
to any person who wiU accept. Did your
friends send you such cards every N e w
Tear's day? Not every year the same
present. Then they were sent only for
your congregation ? No, because they are
from the Gospel, I am free to offer them to
every person from every religion. What is
the purpose? Nothing, but because our
Gospel is the shining light w e must give it
to everybody. In h o w many languages
those cards? In the Arabic and in the
Turkish language. Are there not some of
them in the Armenian language? Not at
all. D o you know the Armenian language,
and have you any Armenian books ? Not at
all; and so many other questions. Then
the chief of the police and others with him
came to m y house at midnight and searched
m y books, and took the rest of the cards.
I said to them, Just to-day I have received
some books of psalms, let m e give each
one of you one of them, because I have not
n o w Bibles to give you. Afterwards I have
heard that the Government here will send
the cards to the Grand Visir in Constanti-
nople. I do not know what it shall be,
but the result was very bad, because my
wife, from the said dreadful case, became
very sick.
Therefore, if you please, send m y this
letter to our beloved brother, Mr. Sommer-
ville, to publish it, till our distress and
dangerous case be known in all the Church,
to help us in earnest prayer that God may
protect us and save us.
Your brother in Lord,
Nicola Dabbak.
Antioch, Sybia.—In the Mai'ch number of
the Covenanter is a letter from Mrs. Dr.
Martin, from which we clip the following
paragraphs:
W e reached home in Antioch safely be-
fore sunset on Saturday, January 6th.
Goodness and mercy had followed us in
all our journeying. W e were met, several
miles from town, by about a dozen of our
people on horseback. They had ridden
 Items 0) Missionary Intelligence.
out on two previous days in hope of meet-
ing us, not being sure of the exact day w e
«hould arrive. T w o of the horsemen
galloped back to town and gave word that
we were coming, and when w e reached the
Mission premises a company, which grew
to nigh 200, assembled to welcome us
home. A number of these remained with
us from an hour to an hour and a half be-
fore dispersing.
W e have been receiving visitors, too,
every week-day since, until our strength
was well-nigh exhausted. A hundred and
ten children and youths were present at
Sabbath-sehool next morning, January
7th, and Dr. Martin addressed to them a
iew words at the close, and dismissed
them with prayer and singing.
A goodly number of persons were
present at the morning society meeting,
and Dr. Martin gave them a short dis-
course from 1st John, 1st chapter. A n d
on each Sabbath morning since, after the
brethren have held fellowship meeting for
half an hour, he has conducted a short
service, preaohing a brief discourse, and in
the evening has closed the meeting putting
a few questions to those present on the
morning sermon.
O n Monday, 8th inst., w e visited the
schools together, and were well pleased
with the progress of the children and with
the general order. I heard the boys and
.girls recite some 150 verses, which Dr.
Martin had arranged for them a year ago,
in proof of the doctrines concerning man's
condition since the Fall, Redemption, Re-
generation, Ohrist and His work, etc., etc.
I was pleased to hear one lad, w h e n his
companion, reciting the proofs of our un-
done condition, thoughtlessly gave, " N o t
by works of righteousness which we have
81
done, but according to His mercy H e
saved us by the washing of regeneration
and renewing of the Holy Ghost," shout
" That is not a proof for this doctrine, that
is one of our proofs that w e are saved by
grace." It showed thinking.
The second Sabbath after our return
there were 150 present at Sabbath-
school. .
Considering the very trying circum-
stances in which our people and our work
had to be left—in the midst of enemies
without guide or overseer—we have great
reason to rejoice and give thanks that w e
find matters all in so good order.
China.—The Chronicle of the London
Missionary Society for March contains an
article on Shanghai: Past and Present,
from which w e extract the following para-
graphs in regard to missionary progress
during the pastfiftyyears : Prior to 1848,
though Mission work had been carried on
in the Straits, at Penang and Singapore,
very little had been directly attempted for
the evangelization of China. Dr. Morri-
son, the pioneer of Chinese Protestant
Missions, died in 1834, having laid the
foundations for future missionary oper-
ations, by his translation of the Bible, and
his compilation of a dictionary of the
Chinese language—magnificent labors, the
value of which it is impossible to over-
estimate. O n the interchange of the
Treaty of Peace between England and
China, in 1843, a large number of mission-
aries immediately entered the newly-
opened ports, and began the active prose-
cution of missionary work on Chinese soil.
In that year Dr. Medhurst and Dr. Lock-
hart—the latter still living, and in honored
old age affording the directors the benefit
82 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
of his invaluable experience—representing
the London Missionary Society, took up
their residence in Shanghai; the first of a
long line of noble successors connected
with English and American Missions.
There are to-day some 1,300 missionaries,
male and female, in different parts of the
field; 1,500 native assistants, of w h o m 209
are ordained pastors; 620 organized
•churches, of which 94 are wholly self-sup-
porting ; and some 40,000 native com-
municants, giving a Christian population
of probably not less than 200,000. In ad-
dition, there are more than 60 hospitals
and 40 dispensaries connected with the
various Missions, and over 16,000 scholars,
boys and girls, in boarding and day
•schools. The total contributions of native
Christians to the support of their o w n
.religious work exceeds £7,000 per annum.
B u t thesefiguresform a very inadequate
-statement of the results of missionary
labors during the past fifty years. The
whole Bible has been carefully revised,
and fresh translations m a d e into the m a n y
dialects spoken in different parts of this
immense empire. Books on science,
machinery, history and similar subjects
liave been prepared, and are annually being
issued in large numbers from the various
Mission presses. F r o m the schools of
Shanghai and H o n g K o n g a perpetual
stream of English-speaking youths is is-
suing, w h o are destined to exercise a very
powerful influence on tlie future of theu-
country. There is more than enough in
all this to encourage the suxDporters of
^Christian Missions, and to aftbrd hope that
the close of the next fifty years will wit-
ness the conversion to Christianity of a
very large proportion of the population of
"China. The time is n o w ripe for a bold
forward movement, and, as the first to
enter thefield,it behooves the London
Missionary Society to lead the way.
During the past ten years there has been
a gradual increase in the number of our
missionaries in China, as the following
figures show: In 1883 w e had 23 mission-
aries, or, including their wives, 86, and 2
female missionaries—total, 38; while last
year w e had 30 missionaries and then-
wives, 12 unmarried men, and 20 un-
married ladies—total, 92. It will be in-
structive to compare these figures -with
those of the China Inland Mission, whose
foreign agents have increased from 126
(including wives) in 188-1: to 590 at the
close of 1893. Of tbese 590, 394 are from
this country, 42 from North America, 34
from Australasia, and 120 associates work-
ing under the direction of the Mission,
w h o are mostly from Sweden, Norway and
Scandinavia. If w e feel disposed to con-
gratulate ourselves on the work that has
been done, our complacency is instantly
disturbed by the thought of the work that
has been left undone, for no one oan think
of the tens of millions in China as yet un-
reached by any Mission, and of the 1,400
w h o every hour, it is computed, pass away
into the unseen world " -jvithout G o d and
without hope," without a feeling of the
deepest shame.
Korea.—In a letter written from Seoul,
Korea, Dr. Leonard, of the Methodist Mis-
sion, says: " The annual meeting of the
Korea Mission was held in Seoul, August
Slst to September Sth, 1893. The work
was found to be in a fau-ly prosperous con-
dition, while in the directly evangelistie
line there had been signal success. The
membership, including probationers, one
year ago, was 100; n o w it is 251. Our
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
schools are doing a good work, and not a
few of the converts are from among the
students. W e have all the students w e
can provide for. A theological department
is to be organized this year, and the time
is not very far away w h e n w e will need a
theological school building. The press has
been rendering good service, and will be
an ever-increasing evangelistic agency by
giving a Christian literature to this needy
people. The hospitals attract the suffer-
ing for bodily healing, but they go away
often with prescriptions for spiritual heal-
ing far more important than the drugs
they obtain or the physical relief they ex-
perience. The outlook for the future is
encouraging, though the difficulties that
•confront our workers are very great. The
people, while kindly disposed, are as low
down in civilization as can be well im-
agined. Looked at from a h u m a n stand-
point, the task of elevating this kingdom
to a Christian civilization seems hopeless,
tout from the divine standpoint it is hope-
ful."
, SiEEEA Leone.—The condition of the
Christian Church in Sierra Leone has been
awakening no slight concern a m o n g those
interested in a territory that in the past
witnessed in an. especial .degree the tri-
umphs of the Gospel. During the last
decade Christianity has been almost sta-
tionary, while the M o h a m m e d a n s have in-
creased from 5,000 to 7,000, and the Pagans
from 16,000 to 26,000. T h e secret has
•been that the missionaries have confined
their work to the freed slaves brought over
from America and the W e s t Indies, or res-
cued from slave ships. But with the expiry
•of the slave trade thirty years ago, this
foreign influx has ceased. O n t h e other hand,
the aborigines. Pagans and M o h a m m e d a n s
83
areflockingin ever-increasing numbers to
the neighborhood, so that in some villages
they constitute the entire population. Both
missionaries and the native press n o w call
attention to the danger that the " Sierra
Leone of the present m a y be lost in the
Sierra Leone of the future, with its aborig-
inal population of Pagans and M o h a m m e -
dans." The remedy plainly must be that
the missionaries should " lengthen their
cords," going in boldly and winning tri-
u m p h s for Christ among the aborigines.—
Missionary Record.
Italy.—The Waldenses have had the
conversion of Italy laid on their hearts for
centuries. In the midst of their o w n fires
of persecution they sent preachers all over
the country; a Calabrian Waldensian
Church had for long m a n y adherents and
m a n y martyrs, and no sooner was freedom
of worship secured throughout Italy, a
generation ago, than Waldensian stations
were planted everywhere. This little com-
munity of 30,000 poor, with their own
pastors and schools and coUege to main-
tain, have a hundred Mission stations be-
yond their valleys. King Humbert visited
their capital, Torre Pellice, during the sit-
ting of their Synod in 1893. W h e n he
reached the Synod Hall the members of
Synod were presented; and as he listened
to their names and the names of the places
they came from, he exclaimed, in astonish-
ment: " Y o u seem to be everywhere.'' In
presenting a loyal address to the King at
Pinerolo, the day before the royal visit to
Torre PeUice, the President of the Synod,
Professor Geymonat, spoke of the Wal-
densians as the least in the Italian famUy.
The King interrupted him with the words:
" A7izi i primissimi," ("On the contrary,
the very foremost.")—London Chronicle.
84 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

and Asia. H e has studied medicine in

AT H O M E .
Germany four years and a half. H e is
Cincinnati, O.—Do you know that we ready for the seminary. In scholarship,
have in a small way a Mission to the Jews social quaUties, mental faculties and piety
in this city? There are 12,000 Jews in I think him w e U qualified for that field.
Cincinnati, and the only work in their be- The Providence that took from him his
half has been undertaken by myself with worldly goods and left him a stranger and
such help as could be obtained with the poor in our city, and brought him to our
small amount of means within reach. Mr. Mission and led him to take the step long
A. Semler, a Hebrew Christian, baptized in contemplated of embracing Christ pubUcly,
London, wasfirstin the work and is with and to do this in hearty sympathy with
•us still. W e have no funds except such as Covenanter principles and practices, are
individual liberality furnishes. W e are wonderful in our eyes.
waiting for the Master that w e serve to I have arranged for him to read a paper
furnish us the means to do His own work. next Monday, on the Jewish question, be-
Oar hearts are made glad by the Provi- fore the Presbyterian and also before the
dence that brought to our Mission Mr. Methodist ministers' associations. W h o
Louis Meyers, w h o -was received into the will make clear the wUl of G o d ? Hitherto
•Church by our Session last week, after a he had only thought of being a Christian
most satisfactory examination. H e was and a physician. N o w his aims are higher.
baptized on last Sabbath. H e is n o w Is not G o d calling our Church to under-
waiting for the answer to the question, take a Mission or Missions to the Jews?
-"Lord, what wilt thou have m e do." W e Mr. Meyers thinks that no Church compre-
are waiting for an indication of His will. hends the Jewish question so clearly as
O u rfirstdesire would be that he should the Covenanters and that our simple forms
be a missionary to the Jews in this city, of worship, the use of Psalms in praise
but he says he does not feel inclined to and our high claims for Christ, commend
that work because, strange to say, while he our Church to the favor of Jews looking
is a fine scholar in Latin, Greek, German, toward Christianity.
French and English, he is not a Hebrew Yours in behalf of God's covenant
•scholar, and not versed in Hebrew liter- people, J. C. Smith.
ature, and he says the Jews of Cincinnati
-are Russian and Polish, while he is a Ger- Olathe, Kansas.—The Ladies' Mission-
m a n Jew. ary Society presents the following report
The Jews of different countries differ for the year 1893 :
Irom one another very much and are best W e have had 12 regular meetings, witb
reached by those of their o w n country. an average attendance of 18 members, and
His own choice is to be a foreign mis- one called meeting. There has been great
sionary. H e is thirty-two years of age. interest shown at our meetings. Last
H e has traveled extensively as purser on year w e numbered 63, this year w e num-
board an English merchantman, and is ac- ber 60. W e have gr6at reason to be
q'^fiinted in the principal ports of Europe thankful, although w e have passed through
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 85

trying afflictions. One of our members interest is kept up. For another year, with
was called h o m e to her reward. S o m e of new superintendents,we wish them a better
our number have been called to mourn the record than the year just closed. We
loss of dear ones by death, and others have had 11 meetings during the past
by separation for a time. W e hope these year. The collection for the year, $14.08,
WiU be ties to bind us nearer to heaven sent to Rev. J. B. Dodds and wife to be
and the Master's work in a foreign field. used for missionary purposes, $3.25 sent
Anna E. Wilson, to Miss Joseph for the Mersine Mission.
Secretary. jyjj^g^ •^ jn. Geaham,
teeasueee's eepoet. Superintendent,
Receipts for year ending January 1,
1893. N e w Castle, P a . — O n e more year's labor
Cash on hand per last report $9 91 ^^ '^^^ Ladies' Missionary Society has been
Dues collected 69 76 recorded. T o each member, one year less
Donations 55 73 is given to work in the vineyard of the
O n account of work 25 28 Lord. Our society at present has an en-
Thank offering 135 n j^ J, „;- 1 -n
° rollment of 35 members. Pour of these
Total $162 03 Uave been received during this year. Still
there are m a n y w o m e n in our congrega-
EXPENDiTUKES. ^-Qj^ ^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^.^^^ ^jj^g benefits of being
Sundries $21 28 a m e m b e r of a missionary society.
Sent to Tarsus Mission. 30 00 Cannot w e not, each one, during the
bent to Kansas City Building . . . . ^ ,
ji^jj^ 25 00 coming year, brmg m one new m e m b e r
Sent to Topeka BuUding Pund... 25 00 and thus double our numbers? Twelve
Young Woman's Missionary Pund. 13 95 regular meetings have been held during
Presents to missionaries 23 00 the year, also one special meeting, average
m .1 1 7 " „„ attendance ten. Letters have been re-
•J-Otai iplob Zo . - JI CN 11 /-Nl •
Balance in Treasury $23 80 ^^^"'^.^ ^^^"^ *^® Southern, Chinese and
M A Mooee Indian Missions. At our February meet-
Treasurer, ^^^' ^^ '^®^'® favored with the presence of
Dr. Easson. B y request of our society
The J. H. Wylie Mission Band of Olathe Miss Kate McBurney, of the Indian Mis-
Congregation resolved at a meeting the sion, spent one Sabbath with us, address-
first of the year 1893, to work for Rev. J. ing the Sabbath-school in the morning,
B. Dodds and wife. Besides the money and the Y. P. S. C. E. in the evening. She
raised, $14.08, they m a d e a box for was accompanied by her little Indian boy
Mission children in Suadia, consisting of Philip. During the meeting of Synod, w e
picture scrap-books, pin-cushions, bright enjoyed the presence of Miss Lillian
ribbons, beautiful cards, writing tablets Joseph; she addressed the Y. P. S. C E .
and pencils and m a n y other things. Con- and Sabbath-school. Our society has de-
sidering h o w far apart they live, their cided to clothe an Indian girl hereafter.
meetings are well attended and a good Isie Yellowfish has been chosen as onr
86 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
charge and during December a box of
clothing for her and some other clothing
was sent to the Mission. S o m e letters
have been written in furtherance of the
Sabbath reform, and one petition has been
endorsed. Our visiting committees for the
several months report 80 visits made and
no definite number reported during five
months. During this time two from our
midst. Dr. and Mrs. Arthur Foster, have
accepted the Lord's call and gone to work
in a foreign field. W e trust that the
promise to those w h o leave home and
friends and all for the Master's sake will
be verified to them, and that they may have
m a n y sheaves when the harvest is garnered.
M a y w e hold up their hands by our
prayers and purses. Death has not
broken our circle, but has entered the
homes of some of our members. A n d n o w
w e are on the threshold of another year.
"Shall the record be found wanting,"
w h e n 1894 shall have passed ?
" Another year is dawning, dear Master, let it be,
In working or in waiting, anotlier year witli
Thee.
Another year of service, of witness of Tliy love,
Another year of training, for holler work above.
Another year is dawning, dear Master, let it be
On earth, or else in heaven, another year with
Thee."
teeasueee's EEPOET FOE 1893.
Raised during year $87 30 provided for us, those who are stUl in dark-
Paid Southern Mission 12 00 ness, that they m a y be taught the way of life.
Paid Chinese Mission 12 00
Paid Indian Mission 40 50 when inclined to grow weary and dis-
Paid Foreign Mission 20 00 couraged, remember no effort in His name
Paid H o m e Mission 1 80 is fruitless. W e enter not alone upon His
Total $87 30
Mes. M. M. McClellan,
President.
Minnie E. Speik, Secretary.
Seattle, W a s h . — O n Jan. 13,1893, seveis
members of the Seattle R. P. Congregation
met at the house of Elder James G. Love
to organize a missionary society. Mrs.
Love was elected President; Mrs. H e m p -
hill, Vice-president; Miss Bessie Cathcart,
Secretary; Miss Mary Cook, Correspond-
ing Secretary, and Miss Lizzie Brown,
Treasurer. Miss Cathcart returning to
her h o m e East in May, Miss Cook was ap-
pointed Secretary for the remainder of the
year. Twelve meetings were held during
the year. W e have n o w enrolled fifteen
regular and two honorary members. Our
contributions, it is true, do not amount to
a great sum, but w e know such gifts are
not measured by dollars and cents, but by
the spirit in which they are given. W h e n
talking of organizing our society a friend
remarked " tbat the mere amount of money
w e might coUect, or the work w e might be
able to do, would be as nothing compared
with the benefits w e would receive." This
prediction has been verified to us. From
each meeting those permitted to be present
have gone away feeling that " The Lord is
nigh unto all them that call upon Him,""
and that H e is ever ready to fulfill His
promises to those w h o meet in His name.
A n d n o w as w e enter upon the work of
another year, m a y it be with renewed zeal
in the Master's oause. Our advantages for
work have been greatly enlarged. God is
answering our prayers. Let us show om-
appreciation of His goodness by conse-
crating more of our time and means to His
work. Let us strive more dUigently to
gather into the church home, so kindly
In whatever work w e engage m a y we,
wprk. W e have the promise, " Lo, I a m
with you always."
Maby E. Cook,
Secretary.
Lizzie M. Beown,
Treasurer.
 Monographs. 8T

MONOGRAPHS.

CLOSING EXERCISES OP THE to G. A. Edgar, H . G. Foster and A. I.

Robb. Earnest words of counsel and en-
THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY.
couragement were addressed to the stu-
The Board met in the hall, March 20th, dents by the members of the Board, the
9 a. m., and adjourned March 21st, 1 p. m. professors, and also by Rev. N . R. John-
AU the members were present except Elder ston, w h o urged upon their attention the
Boyd, who, much to his regret, was unable claims of Foreign Missions, especially of a
to attend this meeting. Mission to China.
Four sessions were held, two of which In accordance with the recommendation
(Tuesday afternoon and evening) were of the professors in their joint report, a
given to the hearing of discourses by the committee was appointed, consisting of Dr.
students in the audience room of the Cen- Sommerville and Walter T. Miller, to pre-
tral churoh. pare a minute " with reference to the
R. M . Blackwood preached from John matter of the importance of the work of
16 : 8-11; A. M . George from Joshua 1 : 8 ; the ministry."
J. B. Gilmore from Acts 10 : 42 ; A. J. Mc- Their report is as follows:
Pariand from II. Cor. 4 : 17,18 ; J. B. M c - There is a large falling off in the number
Isaac from Titus 3 : 8 and J. G. Reed from of theological students. At the same time
Heb. 4 :12. M r . Burleigh, the professor thefieldis widening in extent, and the de-
of elocution, was present during criticisms m a n d for thoroughly equipped laborers is
and took part in them. more urgent perhaps than at any former
At the close of the services on Tuesday, period in the history of our Church.
Dr. Sommerville presented the Board, to H o m e congregations are anxiously waiting
be hung up in the Seminary building, a for pastors to take the places of those w h o
picture of all the foreign missionaries of havefinishedtheir course, or are laid aside
the Reformed Presbyterian Church in from the active duties of the ministry.
America, from the inception of the mission- Mission Boards are calling loudly for
ary enterprise in 1856 to the close of 1893. young m e n to bear the message of eternal
The gift was accepted with thanks. life to the m a n y w h o are ready to perish
Oral examinations were held in "Intro- in heathen lands, and in the destitute lo-
duction to the N e w Testament," by Pro- calities of this country. Surely there is
fessor WiUson, and on " Pastoral The- need for urgent and importunate prayer
ologjj" by Professor George. T h e exami- for the fulfillment of the promise: " I
nation papers of the students in the other will pour m y Spirit upon thy seed, and
studies were submitted for inspection. m y blessing upon thine offspring; and
The examination and discourses were they shall spring up as among the grass
unanimously sustained. and as wiUows by the water courses. O n e
Certificates were given to J. B. Mclsaac shall say, I a m the Lord's; and another
and J. G. Reed, w h o have completed their shall call himself by the n a m e of Jacob j
third year at the Seminary, and diplomas and another shall subscribe with his hand
88 Monographs.
unto the Lord, and surname himself by
the n a m e of Israel."
A serious responsibility rests upon
fathers and mothers to dedicate their sons
to the work of the Gospel ministry. It is
not easy to see h o w Christian parents can
contemplate the spiritual destitution of
the world, and pray the Lord of the
harvest, as m a n y certainly do, that H e
would thrust forth laborers into His har-
vest, and yet lose sight of the obligations
that baptismal vows and parental relation-
ship impose on them in this regard.
G o d claims the same right in the chil-
dren of believers as in themselves, and H e
looks to heads of families to raise u p for
H i m a godly seed.
H e requires parents to train their chil-
dren in His fear, and for His glory. The
Bible is full of promises that they can
plead with H i m as arguments to bless
their children, and use with their children
as arguments for an early consecration of
themselves to God. It is not likely that
the Head of the Church will use any one
w h o m H e has not called into His service
to bring others under the influence of the
truth, or convey life to their souls. Con-
sequently great care should be taken not
to urge the adoption of the ministry as a
profession. N o father or mother has a
right to say: "This child shall be a
minister." But it certainly is his privilege,
and m a y be his duty to say : " I give this
child to the Lord, if it be His will, to use
him in the office of the ministry, and I will
educate him with a view to his being
called to that work." Does not the pre-
senting of a child for baptism imply this
surrender ? Does not every parent virtu-
ally say at that solemn hour • " I give this
child to Thee. W U t Thou not help m e to
bring him u p in the nurture and admoni-
tion of the Lord? FUI him with Thy
Spirit, and show him in Thine o w n time
and w a y the calling in which he can best
serve and glorijfy Thee in the Church."
G o d has often testified His approval of
the formal dedication of sons to the sacred
office of the ministry. Hannah said;
" F o r this chUd I prayed, and the Lord
hath given m e m y petition, which I asked
of Him. Therefore, also, I have lent him
to the Lord. A s long as he liveth he
shall be lent to the Lord." Samuel, even
in his early years, was filled with the
Spirit, and became eminent among the
prophets of the Lord. It is related of
Philip Henry that his godly mother de-
voted him to the work of the ministry m
infancy; and, although she died when he
was only a lad of thirteen years, he traced
whatever of usefulness attended his min-
istry to her careful instruction in the
Scriptures and Catechism, and her earnest
prayers with him every day. Of another
w h o was set apart for this service in in-
fancy his biographer says: " God ac-
cepted the consecrated boy, took him
under His special care, furnished him for
and employed him in the service of His
Church, prospered his career -with remark-
able success, and not only blessed him, but
m a d e him a blessing." A highly esteemed
pastor in our o w n communiou has had the
privilege of hearing all his sons preach the
Gospel, and of seeing- his only daughter
give herself to Foreign Mission work, as
the result of parental dedication.
Similar results will follow similar fidelity
to-day. Let parents prove the Lord in
this way, and see if H e wUl not pour out
a special blessing on their homes, and on
the Church. R. M . Sommeevillb,
Waltek T. Millee,
Gommittee.
 Monographs.
The Board expressed its satisfaction
with the reports of the professors and di-
rected that they be published with the ac-
count of its proceedings.
J. W. Speoull,
Secretary.
THE PEOFESSOBS' JOINT EEPOET.
To the Board of Superintendents of the
Theological Seminary:
W e respectfuUy report:
The session of 1893-4 began Tuesday,
September 18, 1893, with a lecture by
Professor WiUson, entitled " A Life and A
Lesson.''
The names and grades of the students
in attendance are as follows :
Fourth year—George Alexander Edgar,
Henry George Poster, Andrew Irwin
Eobb. Third year—John B r o w n M c -
Isaac, James Gray Reed. Second year—
Eobert Morrison Blackwood, John Blair
(jilmore, Andrew Melville George, Andrew
James McFarland. First year—Thomas
MelriUe Slater.
Mr. Slater is a graduate of Geneva Col-
lege, of the class of 1892, and is under the
care of Pittsburgh Presbytery. Mr. George
was afirst-yearstudent in 1890-1, and has
resumed study after an interval of two
years.
The students were present the first day
with the exception of M r . George, w h o
came on the 25th of September, and of
Mr. Mclsaac, w h o came on the 28th of
November. H e had been Ul with typhoid
fever. Mr. Reed was at his h o m e in Ohio
for nearly two weeks in November owing
to sickness, and M r . Blackwood was out a
few days for the same reason. T h e others
were well, and the attendance has been
good, as the record which w e herewith
submit shows.
89
The course of study has been as usual,
with diligent work by the class. The past
week was taken up with written examina-
tions. The corrected papers will be sub-
mitted for your inspection. While this
method is of service to the Board in judg-
ing of the attainments of the students, it
is also well calculated tofixin their minds
important portions of the session's studies.
The weekly prayer-meeting has been a
refreshing feature of our seminary life. A
list of leaders and topics was prepared at
the beginning of the session, and the sub-
jects have had a direct bearing on the
work of the ministry. W e name some of
them: The Minister's Insufficiency, W h a t
and H o w to Preach, The Minister an Ex-
ample; and as bearing on reform work:
The Secret of National Prosperity, "Art
thou he that troubleth Israel ?''
The homiletic course has had the usual
addition of public discourse, each of the
students giving two pieces in one of the
churches. The second series was on a
portion of Scripture for a lecture. The
students of the first, second and third
years have had texts assigned for dis-
courses before the Board. W e were able
to secure an elocution teacher, the in-
structor in elocution in the Allegheny
High School. The students have appre-
ciated this training. They have had the
privUeges of the Pittsburgh Y. M . C. A.
with its excellent gymnasium.
The facilities for study are at hand.
While there is the average proportion of
our young m e n giving themselves to the
ministry in comparison with our member-
ship, as is shown by the statistics of the
denominations, and while there is no more
complaint among us than among other
bodies, that many educated Christian
90 Monographs.

young m e n turn aside to other callings, 2. T h e Greek N e w Testament. W e have

yet w e are not to ba satisfied with the read the Epistle to the Ephesians, using
average: it is our duty to urge m e n to the Revisers' text, and referring especially
consider the field of the world and the to the commentaries of Calvin and Hodge,
claims of the Lord w h o came to save the Meyer & EUicott.
world. W e have published a call written These two studies have been united in
by one of us entitled " A n appeal to the the examination, and the papers herewith
Sons of the Church." W e would ask the submitted, embracing both, are marked
Board to make note of this matter of the N e w Testament study.
importance of the work of the ministry, 3. A related b r a n c h — N e w Testament
that it m a y go to the Church with the re- Introduction, has been reserved for oral
port of the closing exercises. W e have an examination. Use has been made, as last
expectation that the coming year will -wit- year, of Dr. Gloag's systematic works. W e
ness an increase in the number of students, used his Introduction to the CathoUo Epis-
but our reliance must be on the Lord of tles, the dissertations of which add value
the harvest, by whose constraining power to it as a class book.
laborers will be sent forth into His harvest. 4. T h e Hebrew. The students were
W e look back with thankfulness to G o d evenly divided in this study, the junior
for the help afforded through another class using Harper's Elements of Hebrew,
year, and this through a trying providence and his introductory Method and Manual.
in one of our households in the long and They have wrought faithfully, and their
severe illness of one of its members. papers which are submitted show the ad-
RespectfuUy submitted, vance made. A few of them had made
D. B. Willson, some progress in this study the previous
R. J. Geoeoe, year. T h e Senior Hebrew class recited in
Professors. Dr. W . H . Green's Grammar, concluding it
Allegheny, Pa., March 20, 1894. this year. They have read in Genesis,
Isaiah and the Psalms. The half of the
peofessoe willson's eepoet.
time of this class was given to the study of
To the Board of Superintendents : Old Testament Introduction, in the use of
I respectfully report as follows : Dr. C. F. KeU's Introduction to the Old
The Studies of the past session in m y Testament. The attacks on the integrity
department have been: of the Hebrew Scriptures are so general
and so bold as to give great importance to
1. The Textual Criticism of the N e w
this study. The portions relating to the
Testament. W e have used Dr. Warfield's Pentateuch, Joshua, Judges, the books of
book on this subject, an exceUent manual Samuel and Kings and Isaiah were com-
introductory to Westcott and Horts' larger pleted. The papers of this class are also
work in connection with their critical edi- submitted.
tion of the Greek text of the N e w Testa- W e have had a pleasant and profitable
year of study.
ment. I have supplemented some of its
Respectfully submitted,
most condensed parts, by notes giving D. B. Willson.
more detail. Allegheny, Pa., M a r c h 20, 1894.
 Monographs. 91

PKOEESSOE GEOEGE S REPORT. the course of lectures given by the stu-

To the B o a r d of Superintendents of the dents, as referred to in the joint report,
Theological Seminary: gave large prominence to the study of this
method of pulpit work. After the vaca-
The following report of the work in m y tion w e had exercises in framing skeletons
department is respectfully submitted: on texts assigned in advance—and the
I. Systematic Theology. (Hodge.) Our plans submitted were criticised by the
studies were in Soteriology, beginning class and teacher.
with Vol, IL Chapter III " The Person Pastoeal Theology. I gave a course of
of Christ,'" and closing at Vol. III. Chap- thirteen lectures on two general topics.
ter XIX. " The L a w . " — W e covered over I. The pastor as an Evangelist. II. The
•600 pages and m a d e a general review of pastor in relation to the public work of the
the subjects gone over thefirsthalf of the churoh. T h e subjects embraced under the
term and held a written examination on first topic were:
the part reviewed. (1.) The conditions of success in bring-
II. Chuech History. The Medieval Era ing m e n to Christ.
from Charlemagne, A. D. 800, to Luther's (2.) The Holy Spirit as the source of
Theses, A. D. 1517. The text-book was Power in bringing m e n to Christ.
largely supplemented by extended outlines (8.) H o w to use the Bible in bringing
on important topics and noted characters, m e n to Christ.—(4 lectures.)
with copious references to Smith's and (4.) Revivals of Religion—(4 lectures)
Kurtz's Church Histories, Hallam's Mid- discussing the nature of a true revival.
dle Ages, Dr. Lord's Beacon Lights of The Scripture warrant for revival services.
History, Shedd's History of Doctrine and H o w to promote'revivals and h o w to con-
McClintock and Strong's Encyclopedia. duct them. The inquiry meeting. H o w
These notes and references were taken to conserve the results and prevent re-
down by the students and furnished the action.
basis of our review and of a written exami- TJndef the second topic I discussed
nation. W e sought to treat the subject The Pastor in Relation to the Public
not as mere annals, but to study R o m a n - Schemes of the C h u r o h — T h e Pastor as a
ism as a system in its principles, methods Reformer and the Pastor as a Witness.
and fruits ; and also to discover the over- The discussion of our distinctive principles
ruling hand of the reigning Christ in the will come in the course next year. I have
events of this period. endeavored in this course of lectures to
III. Homiletics. In this department give effect to the expressed desires and the
we studied Prof. Phelps' work entitled action of the Synod in connection with the
Bnglish Style in Public Discourse, be- report on evangelistic work last year. Tbe
gmning, completing and reviewing the examination will be oral. The written ex-
book, and holding a written examination. amination papers are herewith transmitted.
Until the holidays the homiletic exercises Before closing m y report I should say
consisted of studies in lecturing, based that I was detained from meeting the class
on the Book of Acts. This, together with for three days owing to the very critical
-92 Monographs.

illness of a member of m y family. The It contains an article headed, "Dr. Paton's

remembrance of the Christian sympathy Mission," which I can only regard as a ma-
and earnest prayers of m y co-professor licious misrepresentation. A n anonymous
and the students of the Seminary at that
letter, by "A Minister," couched in insinua-
time, and during the days of anxiety that
iollowed, together with God's gracious ting phraseology, is answered by you as
answer to the supplications in our behalf, Editor in a series of statements, either un-
moves m e to unwonted fervor in m y thanks- true in point of fact, or so placed before
givings to the Father of mercies, for His your readers as to suggest what is untrue,
goodness experienced during the session and what can only damage m y chtracter
n o w drawing to a close.
and standing as a missionary of the Cross.
Respectfully submitted,
R. J. Geoege. I claim a little space for reply, though I
leave the Presbyterian people of Canada
DR. PATON'S MISSION. to judge betwixt us as to the spirit of
In the Canadian Presbyterian Record such an attack on one w h o is spending his
for February there appeared an inquiry days and years as by God's help I am try-
headed " Dr. Paton's Mission." It was ing to do.
accompanied by an editorial, in which the 1. Your correspondent well knows there
writer seemed to think that, in order to is no such thing in existence as a "Dr. Pa-
promote the missionary work which he so ton's Mission," about which he so inno-
ably represents, it was necessary to make cently inquires. It is the N e w Hebrides
light of the self-sacrificing efforts and Mission, supported by Australia, Scotland,
^rand successes of one w h o has done more N e w Zealand and Nova Scotia, for whose
than any living missionary for the evangel- interests alone I a m a humble and devoted
ization of the N e w Hebrides. Every one advocate. True, personal and loving
will admit that the editorial, to say the friends, readers of m y book and others,
least, was in singularly bad taste, when it is have started a "John G. Paton Mission
known that Dr. John G. Paton, during his Fund," and they m a y in their too affection-
visit to this country last year, spent a fort- ate regard speak of the work in which I
night in Nova Scotia, pleading night and a m engaged as "Dr. Paton's Mission," but
day for the Missions .sustained by the all m y toils and all moneys ever raised by
Presbyterian Churches of that Province, me, or sent to me, are exclusively devoted
and covered into their Treasury every cent to the N e w Hebrides Mission.
-of the collections taken at his meetings, 2. Y o u lightly touch off m y period of
amounting to some twenty-five hundred nearly four years of perUs and trials, as
dollars. being "about two years on Tanna," and
At the request of our friend, Dr. Paton, the interval betwixt leaving Tanna and set-
w e gladly insert in the Hebald of Mission tling on Aniwa you wipe out thus: "After
News a " copy " of the reply he sent to the some years of absence, his next settlement
editor of the Presbyterian Record: was on'Aniwa," leaving any one to infer
Glasgow, Scotland, Feb. 17th, 1894. that the four years between might be a
Deae S i r — A copy of your Record for happy furlough. If it gratifies you to be-
this month has been forwarded to m e here. little what G o d called on m e to do and to
 Monographs. 93

suffer for Christ's sake, you are welcome. more profitably spent thus for the Mission
But the churches k n o w that in that period than by remaining on m y o w n island, where
the very existence of the Mission was at the cause of Christ is carried on by con-
stake; that by incessant traveling and ad- verts (whose number you refer to in any-
dressing churches and schools, without one thing but a Christ-like spirit) given to
day of rest, £3,000 were raised to build the m e of G o d and by occasional visits of. the
first Dayspring, and £2,000 to secure ad- nearest missionaries. If I had been consult-
ditional missionaries; besides another ing personal comfort, or shrinking from
£1,400 to relieve her of debt after her com- duty, I might at m y age have sought a
ing out from Nova Scotia, and herfirsttrip different kind of furlough without dishonor
to the islands, and to organize a permanent or blame.
fund for her support, which has continued 4. Y o u are kind enough to say, "Dr.
ever since. Again, at a later date, w h e n Paton, at present, cannot be said to have
she was wrecked, G o d used m e in raising any special Mission." M y "Commission,"
another £3,000 to secure and insure a sec- at least, is from the Presbyterian Church
ond Dayspring. N o w , in the opinion of of Victoria, with another from the Federal
all the missionaries in thefield,and of all Assembly of the Presbyterian Churches.
the, churches concerned, the very existence It was publicly circulated throughout the
of our N e w Hebrides Mission depended on United States and [Canada in m y "State-
the accomplishment of these tasks, which, ment and Appeal," to the number of m a n y
God knows, I undertook with m u c h shrink- thousands. It authorizes me, amongst
ing, and only for the work's sake, and for other things, "to procure two missionaries''
the lives of missionaries and their families. for the N e w Hebrides, under the Victorian
3. You note that I have been "on fur- Church, and to "receive any contributions
lough since 1881," and that I have "not offered for its Poreign Missions." This is
been at work in the N e w Hebrides" from part of m y "special Mission," and by the
that date. I leave aside the fact that I help of G o d I hope to fulfiU it, and more.
have been sent to the islands thrice in that 5. A s to the call for "five or six addi-
period, and spent all the time the Victorian tional missionaries,'' and for the n e w "Day-
Church would spare m e there in the inter- spring Mission ship," the missionaries on
ests of the Mission on several islands, but, the islands and myself m a y be in advance
particularly, on m y o w n beloved Aniwa. of the opinion of the churches w e repre-
Your readers m a y be informed, however, sent in reference to the requirements of the
that in all those years I have never had islands and the necessities of the Mission.
one week of rest, nor sought it; that the But you have no authority for saying (1)
whole of m y time and strength has been "that no Church has any thought of mak-
spent in the service of the Mission, rais- ing that advance at the present time; " or
ing money to support those in thefieldand (2) "that the Dayspring- Board in Sydney
to increase the staff, by ceaseless traveling has charge of the matter," that is, of the
and lecturing; and, further, that in the decision to buUd or not to build another
judgment of the Victorian Church, whose Mission ship. Formally no church m a y
missionary I am, m y time and strength are have "authorized" the taking of either of
94 Monographs.
these steps, simply and solely because of
thefinancialresponsibilities being heavier
than they see their way to meet, but to m e
it is as certain as anything can well b e —
that if the people of G o d in Britain, in
Canada, and the States put the means into
m y hands, as they seem disposed and will-
ing to do (thank God), there will be only
one opinion in Victoria as to employing
the necessary missionaries and building
the vessel, without which the Mission can-
not possibly complete its work on the
N e w Hebrides. The one obstacle in the
way, so far at least as known to me, is the
lack of funds, and not any decision against
more missionaries, or the new ship. Ten
years ago all the missionaries on the isl-
ands declared the absolute necessity of a
steam auxUiary ship. The Victorian
Churoh "commissioned" m e to raise the
money. I went back to them with £6,000.
They got plans from a famous Clyde ship
buUder, all in good faith, surely, but it was
found that the new ship would require
£1,000 per annum more than the old one
to maintain her and keep herfloating.The
churches could not face that, and for that
reason, and for that alone, the Dayspring
was not built, and the money for her lies
in the Church's hands at interest. Will
any m a n pretend that if friends in Britain
and Canada offer to raise that additional
£1,000 per annum, I a m not entitled to ac-
cept their offer, so far, and go back to m y
church and say, Here is the money, and let
us now build the ship ? However, I have
not pretended that the churches "author-
ized" this bmlding of the vessel; on the
contrary, the printed circulars distinctly
state that in the event of the ship for any
cause not being provided, every subscrip-
tion will be "faithfuUy returned" to the
donors, and that wUl be done unless by
them specially allowed to go to the gen-
eral work of the Mission. I make m y "ap-
peal" with a clear conscience, and with an
absolute faith that a Dayspring ship is in-
dispensable. Other arrangements have been
tried, and have either broken down or
proved most unsatisfactory. T h e Mission
Synod could not meet last year, and mis-
sionaries and teachers cannot be visited as
required without a ship of our own. Every
Mission in the South Seas finds this abso-
lutely essential—the American, the Episco-
pal, the L. M . Society (as witness the mag-
nificent new John Williams, launched oa
the Clyde). A n d the three Nova Scotian
Mission famUies, in whose interests you
write, as if m y work were opposed to
theirs, are all of them as dear to my
very heart as they ever can be to youj
and they, too, will benefit as much as
all the others, if the ship be obtained, and
they will suffer equally if the ship be not
provided. Y o u will not get from any of
them any sanction for disparaging- the pro-
posal of having a Mission ship all om- own,
provided only the fund is forthcomuig.
They know too well, as all on the islands
bitterly do, h o w m u c h they and their fami-
lies and their work have to endure at the
hands of those w h o are " chartered" as
trading vessels, but have no interest in our
Mission, nor in any Mission.
6. Your readers must form their own
opinion as to the spirit which prompted
" A Minister's" letter,, and as to the animus
of your remarks regarding m y poor life and
work. I have neither time nor disposition
to enter on further controversy, especially
of a personal kind. But I can leave my
vindication to God, w h o m for these 36
years I have striven, according to m y light,
to serve in Uving and toiling for the New
Hebrides as I mean to do till I die.
(Signed) John G. Paton, Missionary.
 Monographs.
P. S.—In all appeals I strongly urge
that no one is to lessen contributions to
their o w n Missions by anything given to
us, but that all must be over and above
what they ordinarily give. I have every
reason to beUeve that that really is the
case. F r o m hundreds of places I do cer-
tainly know that the interest awakened by
our visit has increased, and not lessened
contributions all round. In spite of your
remarks I still hope that it will be proved
that Nova Scotia is no exception.
(Signed) J. G. P.
PEACE IN THE CHURCH ESSEN-
TIAL TO SUCCESSFUL MISSION-
ARY WORK.
"Peace I leave with you. M y peace I
give unto you,'' is a priceless legacy to the
Church in order to make her, a m o n g other
things, attractive to the world. T h e per-
fection of beauty includes peace. David
says, " Pray for the peace of Jerusalem;
they shall prosper that love thee. Peace be
within thy walls, and prosperity within thy
palaces. For m y brethren and companions'
sake, I will n o w say, Peace be within thee.
Because of the house of the Lord our G o d
I wiU seek thy good." Paul says, " F o U o w
peace with all men, and holiness, without
which no m a n shall see the Lord ; looking
dUigently lest any m a n fail of the grace of
God; lest any root of bitterness spring-
ing up trouble you, and thereby m a n y be
defiled." Certainly in the Ught of these
and other passages in God's Word, conten-
tion ought to cease that grace m a y abound
in the Church, and thereby enjoy prosper-
ity, lengthening her borders and strength-
ening her stakes.
The want of peace and harmony a m o n g
God's people sounds the death knell of the
95.
development of the Christlike missionary
spirit. True, there m a y be a degree of
missionary enterprise, but the Holy Spirit
does not consecrate and set on fire the
energy of the Church so long as she re-
mains in a state of unnecessary strife. H e r
enthusiasm, which should be holy and ex-
alted, is chilled and dwarfed by an un-
brotherly war of words. This unseemly
and unnecessary contention has the same
effect upon a united and sublime mission-
ary advance in this crisis of the world's
salvation that the bickerings and jealousy
of the A r m y of the Potomac had on its ad-
vance upon Richmond, and not until that
mighty army became one in heart and pur-
pose did it succeed in putting down the
rebellion and capturing Lee's army at Ap-
pomattox. It does not take any argument
to prove that peace to the Church is essen-
tial to the Christlike missionary spirit, be-
cause Christians will not seek membership
in a divided and quarrelsome Church, and
h o w can w e expect the heathen to do so ?
H o w they loved one another was the dis-
tinguishing characteristic of the Apostolic
Church when the missionary spirit was co-
extensive with the wide world, and com-
mensurate with the needs of the h u m a n
race, " and the Lord added to the Church
daily such as should be saved."
" It m a y be proper," says the late Prof.
J. R. W . Sloane, D. D., " that some should
sit apart and ' reason high ' upon those
profound questions whieh relate to the very
foundations of the Christian faith ; but
others must descend into the arena of
tempted, sinning, suffering, dying men, and
battle face to face, hand to hand, with
those forms of evil which slay their tens of
thousands, where mere intellectual error
cannot number even its hundreds of vie-
96 Monographs.
tims." In contrast with those w h o sit
apart and " reason high," every Christian
should be a spiritual power, a living, acting
force in the work of saving souls ; for this
purpose is the Holy Spirit sent d o w n from
heaven, the Church endued with power
from on high. Oh, that the Church would
no longer dwell in her tents where " doubt-
ful disputation "revels, but go forth, strong
in the Lord and in the power of His might,
and spread the blessings of peace wide as
the world and broad as humanity.
" C o m e forth from T h y royal chambers.
T h o u Prince of the kings of all the earth,"
and give to the world a grand exemplifica-
tion of a peaceful, united Christianity, con-
verting the world to the enjoyment of a
blessed peace, and make them to sing the
a,ngeUc annunciation, "Glory to G o d in
the highest, and on earth peace, good will
toward men," as in the night when Christ
was born the temple of Janus was closed,
and in the language of MUton's magnifi-
cent h y m n :
" N o war, or battle's sound,
W a s heard the world around ;
The idle spear and shield were high up hung ;
The hooked chariot stood.
Unstained with hostile blood ;
The trumpet spake not to the armed throng,
And kings sat still with awful eye.
As if they surely knew their Sovran Lord
was by.
And peaceful was the night
Wherein the Prince of Light
His reign of peace upon the earth began."
O r as David sings in the 72d Psalm
" The lofty mountains shall bring forth
To all the people peace ;
The little hills shall also yield
The same by righteousness.
The just shallflouri.shin His days,
And prosper in His reign ;
He shall while doth the moon endure,
Abundant peace maintain."
Let the peace of G o d which passeth aU
understanding reign in the Church and
bind all its membership by a holy and
consecrated allegiance to the Prince of
Peace; then " the mountain of the Lord's
house shall be established in the top of the
mountains, and shall be exalted above the
hills; and all nations shall flow unto it."
S. J. Ceowe.
Warren, O., M a r c h 22, 1894.
BUDDHISM IN JAPAN.
Dr. Loomis, the agent in Japan of the
American Bible Society, says: " The
greater part of the Japanese are Buddhists,
and they have come to feel that their re-
ligion is fast losing ground, and something
must be done to maintain their power and
influence." Buddhism is di-vided into
numerous sects, and they have not been
able to agree on any methods to preserve
their waning faith. P u b U c meetings have
been tried, poUtical activity has been ad-
vocated, study of Buddhism as a philosophy
has been urged, but all 'without m u c h ef-
fect. T h e priesthood is denounced as im-
moral, and is so corrupt that a Buddhist
paper asks, " Is there not a single true
follower of B u d d h a a m o n g the 200,000
priests in Japan ?" So far has this deteri-
oration gone that the priests have lost
their influence with the people, aud many
are turning to the morality of Christianity
even though they do not care for its spuit-
ual teachings. Professor Ladd, of Yale
Theological Seminary, as a result of his
recent observations in Japan, writes:
" S o m e of the most observing, thoughtful
and influential of the poUtical leaders of
Japan are coming to recognize the fact
that they, the natiou, need Christianity as
a moral power to teach the people self-
 Monographs. 97

control; need it also to reform evil cus-
toms, alleviate suffering, solace sadness,
and cheer the fainting national heart.
Some of the most reactionary of the ' Con-
servative party,' in view of their inability
to bring the nation back upon the Confu-
cian ethics, are really glad of help from
Christian ethical teaching and discipline.
It is as a moral force thatthe statesmen of
Japan are most inclined to welcome the
work of Christian teachers."—Baptist Mis-
sionary Magazine.
THREE WORDS.
Only a few weeks after a missionary had
reached the scene of his intended labors in
Equatorial Africa, he and his wife were
called to their rest and reward. This fact
gives special emphasis to the three words
with which he closed an impressive address
delivered at a public gathering shortly be-
fore he left England:
" I have three words to leave with you
an inspiration, a fellowship, a sacrifice.
I knew one most powerful preacher, one
who had been m u c h used of G o d in the
salvation of souls, and whenever you heard
that m a n preach you would often discover
that just as he looked d o w n at what you
would think to be notes he seemed to get
some fresh inspiration. A n d if you were
to go and look at those notes you would
see just one word, ' Jesus.' I want you,
beloved gleaners, to get a fresh inspiration
to-night from that loving one, Jesus. Look
upon H i m that you m a y get a fresh inspi-
ration for this year's service. A n d then, a
feUowship. I do not know if you have
ever read the remarkable passage in the
life of Henry Martyn, in which he gives
an account of h o w he spent a night in
agonizing sorrow, which was the result of
a thought coming to his mind of the value
of a soul to God. H e began to think of
the various outcasts in India as being quite
as dear to G o d as the kings of Britain.
A n d that night he spent in prayer, in tears,
in sorrow over souls.
" I pray G o d that this year you m a y know
something of the fellowship with the Lord
Jesus Christ in His sorrow for souls. A n d
n o w that other word, sacrifice. A noble
youth of R o m e , w h o discovered the riches
of God's grace in Christ, and became a fol-
lower of the Lord, went to Hermas with a
desire. 'What,'said he, 'can I do in re-
turn for such love as this ?' Hermas took
out the noble young fellow and showed him
something of the sin of R o m e , and as he
pointed out here and there something of
the need of its souls, he said : ' Here you
will find an altar, and there become the
sacrifice.' Look upon thefields,white unto
the harvest. Look upon the miUions that
are without Christ in the world to-night
in their awful sin, and you will find an al-
tar, and may G o d help you, beloved glean-
ers, to be a sacrifice."

I a m a convert to Missions through seeing Missions and the need for them. S o m e
years ago I took no interest whatever in the condition of the heathen. I had heard
much ridicule cast upon Christian Missions, and perhaps had imbibed some of the un-
haUowed spirit; but the missionaries by their lives and character, and by the work they
are doing wherever I have seen them, have produced in m y mind such a change, and
such an enthusiasm in favor of Christian Missions, that I cannot go anywhere without
speaking of them, and trying to influence in their favor others w h o m a y be as indifferent
as I was before I went a m o n g heathen countries.—Isabella Bird Bishop.
•98 EDITORIAL
— A recent death in New York City has nually from each communicant in the Ee-
ffUed m a n y hearts with sorrow. O n M o n -
day, 19th of March, there passed away
irom earth, after a brief illness, the only
son of Mr. and Mrs. H u g h O'NeUl. Only
eighteen years of age, he had attained a
^spiritual maturity that is very rare in early
life. So far from fearing the approaches
•of the last enemy, he spoke, without the
-least excitement, and in assured confidence
•of his departure. His one anxiety seemed
to be for those w h o would be left behind.
Noticing tears in his mother's eyes, he
asked her not to weep for him, as he was
going to heaven and would soon be with
the Saviour. His brilliant earthly pros-
pects had no fascination for young H u g h
'O'Neill, in view of the inheritance incor-
ruptible and undefiled, that would never
fade away.
The thousands that attended the funeral,
as well as the words spoken on the occa-
sion by pastor and friends, testified to
the high esteem in which he was held.
Devoted to his parents, eager to make
others happy, and loyal to the Church,
where he had professed faith in Christ
more than four years ago, this consecrated
youth will be missed for many a day.
Every true heart must go out in prayerful
sympathy for the bereaved father and
mother aa they recall his sudden removal
:and try to solve its meaning and learn its
lessons.
— O n c e more the young m e n of the
"Church are reminded that two years ago
the Board of Foreign Missions was author-
ized to call for an ordained minister and a
physician to establish a Mission in China.
T o this appeal there has been uo response.
There ia money in the treasury to begin
•operations, and an extra fifty cents an-
N O T E S .
formed Presbyterian Church would furnish
a fund abundantly sufficient to meet run-
ning expenses. It is said that 161 Chinese
in the membership of the various Churches
in California, contributed last year for
benevolent purposes at the rate of $39.07
each member. Surely, then, 9,874 Coven-
anters in the United States and Canada,
some of w h o m possess large means, should
be able easily to give $4,918.50 to help
evangelize the milUons in China w h o know
not the Saviour. W e wish that each one
would go into his closet when he reads
this Note, and there ponder the solemn
question that an African chief recently put
to a missionary on the Upper Congo: " If
G o d so loved us, as you say, w h y has H e
not sent some before to tell us about iff
A n d ifthe white m e n have known it some
time, ^why have they not come before to
us f " W h e r e there's a wiU, there's a way.
Every one appreciates the reply of a
Dakota farmer, w h e n asked h o w he and'
others could afford to buUd a church when
the times were so hard and money so scarce
among them: '' W h e n w e lack a plow
or reaper w e say w e must have one, and
w e go to town and buy it. W e had no
suitable place for meeting, and we felt
that w e must have one. It was a neces-
sity, and so w e have buUt it." There is
peculiar force in what a correspondent of
the London Christian says, when seeking
to rouse the Churches to a sense of their
duty in relation to evangelistic work out-
side their o w n sphere: " T h e interest
in H o m e or Poreign Missions, or in any
other good work, will be the measure of
the spiritual force behind it, and the re-
peated and urgent appeals to the Churches
in relation to a duty, which a real live
 Editorial Notes.
Christian Church would be simply in-
capable of overlooking, is painfully sug-
gestive of spiritual sluggishness and in-
difference.''
— A n ordained minister and a physician
are also needed for the Island of Cyprus.
Those w h o volunteer for service in this
field must be prepared to meet opposition
in many forms. Persistent efforts are
being made to injure the good name of
our licentiate, M . D a o u d Sada, and so
impair his influence as a preacher of
the Gospel. A n d those w h o go out will
have to bear reproach for the n a m e of
Christ.
The money is already provided to pay
the salary of a minister for several years.
Tbe call is not for money, but for an or-
dained minister to take charge of the work
and a physician w h o can furnish reliable
testimonials as to his Christian character
and professional ability. T h e position
calls for m e n thoroughly trained in their
respective callings; m e n that have yielded
themselves unto G o d and are ready to say,
in the true spirit of consecration, as the
saintly John Milne said: " Lord G o d of
Hosts, I desire deliberately, cheerfully,
and with full purpose of heart, to sur-
render myself wholly and forever to Thee.
I am wiUing to receive what T h o u givest,
to want what T h o u withholdest, to relin-
quish what T h o u takest, to suffer what
Thou inflictest, to be what T h o u requirest,
and to do what T h o u commandest. I feel
that this is m y duty, m y interest, m y priv-
ilege, m y glory"; m e n so loyal to the
Eedeemer that no suggestions of self-in-
terest can lure them away from the work
to which they have devoted their lives.
"The harvest truly is great, but the
laborers are few; pray ye therefore the
99
Lord of the harvest, that H e would thrust
forth laborers into His harvest."
— T h e closing exercises of the Theolog-
ical Seminary were held on Tuesday and
Wednesday, 20th and 21st of March, in
Allegheny, Pa. The examination gave
evidence of thorough and timely instruc-
tion on the part of the Professors, and
painstaking diligence on the part of the
students. The discourses delivered as
specimens of improvement were carefully
prepared, and evidently left a favorable
impression on the Board of Superintend-
ents.
It is matter of regret that there were
only ten students in attendance during the
session, three of w h o m have completed
their course, and are. eligible to the pastor-
ate. This large falling off in the number
of young m e n w h o are looking forward to
the work of the Gospel ministry, should
call forth earnest prayer to the King and
H e a d of the Church that H e would put it
into the hearts of m a n y to dedicate them-
selves to this service.
— T h e attention of our readers is called
to a letter from Rev. J. C. Smith, of Cin-
cinnati, O., in the interest of a Mission to
the Jews, that he and others belonging to
different Churches in that city have under-
taken to establish on undenominational
lines. (See page 84.) In a printed circular
he says:
A U o w m e to set before you a few facts :
There are in this city twelve thousand
Jews. M a n y of these, because of perse-
cutions, have been driven from their homes
and possessions, and are poor and stran-
gers in a strange land. They are our
neighbors and are the kinsmen, according
to theflesh,of our beloved Saviour and His
apostles. They are God's covenant people
100 Editorial Notes.

and have special promises. They are either trusted to his care: " Those things which
waiting for the long expected Messiah, or ye have both learned, and received, and
are drifting into infidelity. The " priest" heard, and seen in me, do ; and the God of
and the " Levite " " pass by on the other Peace shall be with you."
side." There * are persons in all our — T h e foUowing contributions to the Por-
Churches that believe that the time of eign Missions have been handed to the
their return is drawing nigh, that their Treasurer :
conversion closely connects with the glory
of the Messiah's kingdom, and that through J. R. Dunlap $1 00
their fathers we have received all that is Mrs. J. R. Dunlap 1 00
precious in faith and hope, and w h o greatly Maggie Dunlap 4 00
Shedd, Ore.
desire to extend them a loving and helpful
hand. — A few days ago a letter came to our
W e meet with many discouragements office from Master A. S. Blaine Hender-
and difficulties, but w e are encouraged to son, of Spring Church, Pa., covering one
press forward. A motor that can only dollar for the Industrial School in Latakia,
pull a train down hill is not valuable. W e Syria.
are on the up grade. Will you give us a — W e recently received through Miss
push? Evelyn Mclntyre, of Mankato, Kan., the
W e ask,first,that you will lead your sum of ten dollars and five cents, to be
people in prayer for the Jews and for our applied as follows :
Mission. .
A gift to Dr. Metheny from the
Third, that you will lay these facts be-
H o l m w o o d L. M . S. to use as
fore your people and be the medium of
he wishes in his work $5 00
conveying their individual offerings to
Indian Mission, from Irl and Willie
George T. Howser, at Y. M . C. A. build-
McMahan 50
ing, or to the Treasurer, J. E. Huheey,
Cyprus Mission from
163 West Sixth street.
Rose Tippin 30
— T h e following contributions towards
Laura Mclntyre 1 50
the salary of a Pastors' Missionary have
M a u d Montgomery 25
been received since last report:
Ida Montgomery 35
Rev. James Kennedy, D. D |25 00 A m y and Maggie Montgomery. .. 25
N e w York, N. Y. E U a Cavin 25
" T. H. Acheson 10 00 Evelyn Mclntyre 1 75
Hopkinton, la.
" W . J. Coleman 20 00 This money from the children is h e
Allegheny, Pa. product of a nickel given to each one and
" E . G . Elsey 10 00 invested for missionary purposes.
Glenwood, Minn.
— A friend of Missions, a member of 2d
There are many others that we should N e w York, w h o does not wish her name
like to hear from. It is a great matter for published, handed us, a day or two ago,
a pastor to be able to say to the flock en- five dollars for the work in Cyprus.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
IVIAY, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A.
O U R VIEWS OF
THE FINAL RALLY OP THE CEN-
TURY.*
Por nearly nineteen centuries the vast
majority of the populations of the globe
have waited in vain for the gospel of re-
demption which was committed to the
Christian Church. It was said most truth-
fully by the late Earl of Shaftesbury, that
" the Gospel might have been proclai^med
to all nations a dozen times over if the
Ghristian Church had been faithful to her
trust." It is appalling to think that sixty
generations of the unevangelized heathen
world have perished in darkness since our
Lord established and commissioned His
Church as a living and aggressive force in
the world. A n d of all the generations ours
is the most guilty in proportion to its
greater opportunities. In some Mission
fields it is already demonstrated that by
the Spirit of G o d thousands m a y be
gathered where there have only been hun-
dreds or scores. " L e t us expect great
things from G o d and attempt great things
for God."
*At a recent conference of the representatives of nearly
twmty foreign missionarv organizations, held at t?ve Mission
R e a m of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 160 Fifth Avenite,
K m Tork, thxisepresent toere so impressed viUh the vastness
of the work still lo be d w w in order to give the Gospel to the
imemngelized nations, and so fidly convinced that the time
h m now come to unite In a more aggressive movement for th-e
mtmqeUzalion of the whole world, that a committee was
amointed to draw up an appeal to be issued in the name of
tm conference and such Evangelical Missionary Societies as
thmldjom therein, to atl Protestant Christians in the United
States and Canada, asMng theirfull and earnest co-operation
by thAr prayers and their increasing gifts for this great end.
1894.
MISSION W O R K .
N o age has compared with the present
in the facility with which the populations
of distant countries can be reached ; or in
the personal safety under which Christ's
ambassadors m a y prosecute their work ; or
in the approachableness and cordiality of
the people; or in the materials ready at
hand to convey the message of salvation in
an unknown tongue. T h e heart of India,
Africa and China is more rapidly reached
than was the center of our o w n continent
a hundred years ago. A whole century of
preparation has established the principles,
furnished the appliances, and perfected the
organization for a movement enlisting the
whole Church of Christ.
W e earnestly call upon every Christian
disciple to re-examine the W o r d of G o d
and see h o w every portion of it, from
Genesis to Revelation, is instinct with the
spirit of Missions. It is a field book of
universal conquest. T h e redemptory work
of Christ, like a b o w of heavenly promise,
overarches all its sacred records. T h e
" promised seed of the w o m a n " at the be-
ginning appears again in its closing Revela-
tion as the " L a m b slain from the founda-
tion of the world." Its Alpha and O m e g a
include the whole alphabet of redemption.
All prophecy and all types point to the one
sacrifice offered onoe for all, with a rever-
sionary as well as prospective efficacy, and
embracing the ages. T h e promise to Abra-
102 Our Views of Mission
ham, that in him should all nations be
blessed, found its counterpart in John's
vision of the redeemed " of all nations, and
kindreds, and people, and tongues, stand-
ing before the throne and before the
Lamb." The Gospel of Christ, even as
proclaimed in the Old Testament, was not
for any one age, or for any one race. In
the councils of eternity it was said to the
world's Messiah, " It is a light thing that
thou shouldst be m y servant to raise up
the tribes of Jacob, and to restore the pre-
served of Israel: I will also give thee for a
light to the Gentiles, that thou mayest be
m y salvation unto the end of the earth."
Not only is Christ the Divine intercessor
n o w ; but H e has always interceded. A n
eternal covenant is based upon His plea :
" T h o u art m y Son ; this day have I be-
gotten thee. A s k of me, and I shall give
thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and
the uttermost parts of the earth for thy
possession." The decrees of G o d make
the conversion of the world as certain as
His throne! The Gospels are simply a
history of Divine fulfillments ; the Acts of
the Apostles are a continuous missionary
record; the Epistles are missionary letters
addressed to infant churches, and John, in
his prophetic vision, anticipating the final
triumph of the Gospel, declares, " T h e
kingdoms of this world are become the
kingdoms of our Lord and of His Christ."
But the most striking bond which iden-
tifies the work of Missions with Redemp-
tion, is seen in the Divine commission
of the Apostle to the Gentiles. Tbe com-
mission given to Paul (Acts xxvi, 18) fol-
lowed almost the exact terms of Christ's
o w n commission recorded in Isaiah xlii, 6,
7, and Ixi, 1. In the synagogue of Naza-
reth, Christ read these prophetic words as
Work.
the credentials of His great mission to an
apostate world. T h e word of G o d assures
the work of God. All power is pledged
to this triumph. All wisdom is concen-
trated on this problem. If, therefore, the
Scriptural foundation of Missions has been
more or less overlooked, while this great
cause has been looked upon as only a de-
velopment of nineteenth century enterprise;
if our inspiration has been drawn mainly
from heroic examples of self-sacrifice or of
distinguished success, let us repent of our
error and turn back to the W o r d of God
for its Divine prompting and its promise of
omnipotent help.
The c o m m a n d of oui' Lord to publish the
Gospel to all the world is clear and explicit,
and admits of no compromise. His Great
Commission was given on four different
occasions and in four different forms. Ist.
T o His chosen band in the mountains of
Galilee came His comprehensive command,
" G o teach all nations." 2d. O n the Mount
of Olives, immediately before His ascen-
sion. H e demonstrated to His Church the
symmetry and proportions of her great
mission to the nearer, the more distant, and
the most distant fields alike, and all to be
undertaken together. 3d. Near Damascus
H e gave a commission which showed not
to Paul only, but to the whole Church, that
her errand to the Gentiles is not merely
that of a higher cultus, or a better civiliza-
tion, but a veritable deliverance from dark-
ness unto light, and from the power of
Satan unto God. 4th. His command was
given to Paul in a 'vision of the night, when
not a real Macedonian, but therisenChrist
summoned His apostle to a wider sphere
among the world-conquering races of Pagan
Europe.
W e desire in love for our blessed Lord,
 Our Views of Mission Work.
and for all w h o have n a m e d His name, to
call attention by w a y of encouragement to
the essential unity of the Church with re-
spect to those fundamental doctrines upon
which the missionary work is m a d e to rest.
In minor things w e differ. W e are called
by different names ; w e have different ru-
brics as to church order, and it m a y not be
altogether a misfortune that the Churches
of Protestant Christendom are organized
by cohorts, so long as they recognize them-
selves as one army, marching under one
Captain. But while w e are called to sur-
render nothing that is a matter of sincere
conviction, w e m a y emphasize those more
essential points in which w e are one, and
thus greatly increase our efficiency in the
common effort to evangelize the world.
There is need in this age, and in the
present strife and tumult of religious
thought, that w e join hands -with respect
to the great truths in which w e are agreed;
namely, the fact that m e n are ruined by
sin and are in perishing need of salvation ;
that Jesus is the all-sufficient Saviour and
the only name given under heaven a m o n g
men whereby w e must be saved; that the
omnipotent power of the Holy Ghost is in-
dispensable in transforming the hearts and
lives of m e n ; that salvation is by faith in
Christ, and that in order to extend that
faith it is necessary to " go into all the
world and preach the Gospel to every crea-
ture ; " that every church should be a mis-
sionary church and that every Christian
behever should, according to his means,
become directly or indirectly an ambassador
of God to the perishing. O n all these
points we are united; what remains is to
actualize and illustrate our c o m m o n pro-
fession.
W e are a great host representing all the
103
Protestant Evangelical denominations. W e
stand together against all those errors
which would deny the Divinity of Christ
and dispense with a vicarious atonement;
which would explain away the personality
and office work of the Holy Ghost; which
would weaken the authority of the W o r d of
G o d ; which would teach the perfectibility
of h u m a n nature without Di'vine aid ; which
would deny the universality of the religion
of Jesus Christ, and virtually remand it to
a place among the ethnic faiths; which
would regard Christian experience as a de-
velopment from naturalistic elements and
not the work of a regenerating grace;
which would proclaim a mere gospel of
humanity and a universal brotherhood with-
out the headship of Christ; which would
rest in a charity of practical indifference
and regard the great work of evangelizing
non-Christian nations as an impertinent in-
trusion. Let us never forget that resistless
logic of Christianity which makes the work
of Missions essential to our h o m e theology,
which must insist that if Christ be not
necessary as the Saviour of all m e n H e
cannot, by the terms of His Gospel, be
necessary to any.
Possibly m a n y in the Church of Christ
are disheartened by those obstacles which
arise in connection with the Mission work.
But have not obstacles appeared in every
stage of the Christian conquest ? W h a t
discouragements confronted the labors of
the Apostolic Church, whose greatest suc-
cesses were wrested from the persecutions
wbich scattered abroad the disciples as
chaff before the wind, but which under G o d
proved rather a seed-sowing of the truth
far and near. H o w were the churches of
the first three centuries overwhelmed by
heathen persecution !
104 Our Vieios of Mission W o r k .
W e meet obstacles in the restrictive
measures of non-Christian governments ;
in the false philosophies of proud old sys-
tems ; in the disturbing influences of false
representatives of our o w n Christian land
in all heathen marts ; in the corrupting
contact of pernicious commerce in opium,
or whisky, or firearms ; in the prevalence
of western vices where only truth and
righteousness should be disseminated; in
the over-reaching of more powerful nations
against the weaker tribes and races ; in un-
just legislation and the abrogation of
solemn treaties ; in the efforts of infidelity
to thwart the teachings of the truth wher-
ever niissionaries have proclaimed it.
But what are all these obstacles com-
pared with those which have appeared again
and again in the history of the Church 1
W h a t have w e to compare with the over-
throw of the Sainted Augustine and his
North African Churches by vandal incur-
sions ? If all our difficulties and discourage-
ments were s u m m e d up together, they
would not equal the Huguenot massacres
and exiles (and yet that fierce persecution
sent Christian colonists to m a n y lands).
In the British Isles, from which w e have
sprung, Christianity was once well-nigh ex-
tirpated by our own savage ancestors. A n d
again in the eighth and ninth centuries,
when missionary zeal and labor had re-
established the truth, it was almost over-
whelmed by the incursions of the Norse-
men, and the religious institutions that had
been established around the coast of Ire-
land and Scotland were swept as with the
besom of destruction, yet what hath G o d
wrought in and through the British Isles ?
Shall w e then in this age, with all the
power that G o d has placed at our disposal,
be discouraged and lose faith or relax effort
on account of the difficulties that arise in
our path ? If the truth be told, one
obstacle n o w outweighs all others; it is
found, not in outside oppositions, but in the
worldliness and apathy of the Church her-
self. If she were to rise up to the full
measure of her power, all the opposing
forces of earth and hell could not resist her
triumphant march.
There is no sublimer story in human
history than that which sketches the ma-
jestic march of the Christian faith from
Jerusalem and Judea to Arabia, Egypt and
Africa, to Asia Minor, Greece and Italy,
and through the whole R o m a n Empire;
and thence northward and westward, till
French and Spaniards, English and Ger-
mans, Scandina-vians and Slavonians were
enlightened and m o d e m Europe was won;
and thence across the ocean to the New
World; and from the Old World and the
N e w to all the East and South among the
mighty Pagan peoples of Asia and Africa
and the islands of the sea. A n d in this
march the Church has simply been fulfiUing
the great prophecies and reaUzing the
grand promises of Scripture. The foreign
missionary work of our day represents the
later stages of this world-wide movement,
and is as clearly under the inspiration and
leadership of Jesus Christ as the work of
Paul in Asia, and of James in Pales-
tine.
Nothing in all the Christian era has given
a greater proof of God's favor and blessing
than the success of this closing century.
In thefirsthundred years after Christ's as-
cension only about five hundred thousand
nominal Christians received the faith. Dm'-
ing the one hundred years of modern Mis-
sions, over three millions have accepted
Christianity as the true religion and have
 Our Views of Mission Work.
been converted from their ancestral errors
to the faith as it is in Jesus Christ.
The conversion of the Sandwich Islands,
the N e w Hebrides, the Fiji Islands, the
Georgia and Friendly Island, Australia and
many other islands of the sea, affords the
clearest evidence of God's favor. They are
standing miracles of blessing and success.
The annual average of conversion in Africa
is 17,000 souls. Fifty years ago there were
but six Protestant Christians and two native
helpers in China; n o w there are 50,000
communicants, 1,700 native helpers, and
18,000 youths in Christian schools. Japan
has 35,000 professing Christians, w o n in
twenty-two years.
Parts of India are experiencing a Pente-
costal outpouring. In the past three years
60,000 heathen have turned from their idols
to Jesus Christ and been baptized in the
Missions of the Methodist Episcopal
Church. The North India Conference has
more Sabbath-sehool scholars than any Con-
ference of that Church in the United States.
The great work of the Baptist Missions in
Telegu during the pastfifteenyears shows
the blessing of a wonder-working God.
The Bible as a whole, or in portions, has
been translated into more than 300 differ-
ent languages or dialects—much the larger
part of this work having been done by
missionaries—so that probably four-fifths
of the unevangelized population of the
world m a y read or hear, in their o w n
tongue, the inspired W o r d of God.
But the great work is but just begun. It
is only a score of years since Livingstone
ended his adventurous life-service on his
knees near Lake Bangueola, and laid the
evangelization of Africa upon the heart of
the Christian world. Then Mission sta-
tions were numerous on the coast, but there
105
were scarcely half a dozen in the interior.
During this brief interval Christian mis-
sionaries have pressed toward the interior of
the continent from the north and the south,
from the east and from the west; and still
the doors of opportunity open more rap-
idly than the Christian nations can enter
them.
W e beg leave to present in briefest form
some of the obligations that have been
laid upon us w h o live in this age of the
world.
First: The c o m m a n d of our blessed
Master, accompanied by His o w n Divine
example of sacrifice for the salvation of
men.
Second: Our obligation to those early
missionaries w h o bore the Gospel to our
ancestors who, long after N e w Testament
times, were in the depths of barbarism.
Third : Our indebtedness to those mis-
sionaries and missionary settlers w h o bore
the Gospel to this continent, and planted
those religious institutions whose benefi-
cent influence w e have enjoyed from our
childhood. Freely have w e received; let
us freely give.
Fourth: The duty which rests upon us
to follow up the noble work of the pioneers
of modern Missions w h o lived d o w n the
opposition of a worldly Christian sentiment
at home, and overcame heathen prejudice
abroad ; w h o translated the W o r d of G o d
into hundreds of languages, and laid the
foundations for us to build upon ; m a n y of
w h o m sealed their labors with their Uves
infieldswhere there is n o w free access.
Fifth: W e owe a debt to those w h o
more recently have gone from our o w n com-
munities and churches and from our o w n cir-
cles of kindred, and w h o n o w in the heat and
burden of the day demand our sympathy.
106 Our Views of Mission W o r k .
our prayers and our support. T o follow
up the work of all these is n o w easy. W e
have the opportunity, the facilities, and
the means. H o w cau w e excuse ourselves
if w e selfishly squander our lives and our
possessions and die with this accumulated
duty unfulfilled.
There is need just n o w for union in
Missions as a matter of c o m m o n defense.
It is an age which through various forms
of literature, boldly challenges the supreme
claims of Christianity—its teachings and
its work. T h e cause of Foreign Missions
is especially liable to assailment, as it is
far off, and therefore m a y more safely
be m a d e the subject for ignorant ridicule. It
m a y be impossible to convince the outside
world that such representations are erron-
eous ; but the whole membership of the
churches should be m a d e intelligent to the
end that tbey " m a y be steadfast, unmov-
able, alway abounding in the work of the
Lord."
T h e Protestant Christians of America
n o w number several miUions. They are
a m o n g the most intelligent of all classes of
our citizens. They are moved by the high-
est principles, and their c o m m o n efforts for
the evangelization and uplifting of all man-
kind is the very noblest and most inspiring
of h u m a n enterprises. They have more
than an average degree of wealth and in-
fluence, and if that influence could be sub-
sidized by a general and complete co-opera-
tion, there is no other force in the world
that could successfully resist it. If by their
c o m m o n belief and teachings, their har-
m o n y of plans and methods, their union in
such forms of appeal or published facts and
statements as shall instruct and inspire
public sentiment, these great masses of
Christian behevers can be led to act as one
united body, there wiU be presented a
spectacle of Christian union and a volume
of moral earnestness and power, which will
impress the nation and the world with the
divine reality of the Gospel.
W e are n o w in the last decade of the
Nineteenth Century. W e call upon all
w h o love the Lord Jesus Christ to pray
with all earnestness that these may be
years of -special harvest. In some Mission
fields it is already demonstrated that by
the Spirit of G o d thousands m a y be gath-
ered where there have been only hundreds
or scores. B y true Christian comity as
between all our different organizations, by
economy of resources, by more and more
of the spirit of fraternal counsel and co-op-
eration, we pledge ourselves as official ad-
ministrators of the work of Missions, to do
our part as G o d shall give us wisdom and
strength. A n d with this pledge we call
u p o n all w h o have influence to join 'with
us in an effort to awaken the whole Chm-ch
in the United States and Canada to a sense
of the unprecedented opportunity that is
n o w before it.
W e plead with instructors in colleges
and theological seminaries to hold up the
great work of Missions before the young
m e n w h o are under their care, reaUzing as
w e do from some blessed examples, how
potent is the influence which m a y thus be
exerted.
In the n a m e of our respective Boards
and Societies w e most earnestly call upon
all pastors of churches and their associate
officers and overseers to embrace the op-
portunity afforded them. They have an
influence which none others can exert.
They have access not merely to those who
are willing to read missionary literature or
hear missionary addresses, but they may
from Sabbath to Sabbath press upon all the
people the divine reality and the supreme
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
obligation of this great work. They alone
can rally and move the entire rank and file
of the Church.
W e call upon superintendents and teach-
ers of Sabbath-schools to realize that soon
the young generation under their care must
take the entire responsibility of this vast
work.
W e welcome and invite to still greater
participation the noble efforts of the w o m e n
of the Church in their various organiza-
tions. Let them by every means enlist
the thousands of their sex w h o are yet in-
different.
ITEMS O F M I S S I O N A R Y
ABROAD. The first letter was addressed to the
Latakia.—A recent letter from Dr. J. Chaplain of the U. S. S. Chicago, which
M. Balph reports the work in thisfieldgo-
ing on as usual. So far it has been re-
markably free from the opposition that
was experienced last year. During the ab-
sence of Miss Maggie B. Edgar, w h o ar-
rived in N e w York on a brief visit to this
country, Saturday, AprU 28th, Miss Willia
Dodds, of Mersine, will make her h o m e in
Latakia.
Meesine, Asia Minok.—In a letter re-
cently received from Mrs. Metheny, she
enclosed the following correspondence,
which w e take the liberty of publishing
that the readers of the Hebald of Mission
News m a y have distinctly before their minds
some of the difficulties that missionaries
have to contend with in Turkey. " H o w
full," she says, " the Bible is of promises for
us even in this extremity. But the breth-
ren at h o m e need to be constant in prayer
for us that our faith fail not."
107
W e extend the hand of cordial invitation
to Young Men's Christian Associations and
Young Women's Christian Associations, to
Societies of Christian Endeavor, to the Ep-
worth League, to the St. Andrew's Brother-
hood, to all guilds and societies of the
young in any branch of the Church, to join
in one c o m m o n effort for the salvation of
the world, and to unite with new meaning
and emphasis in the divinely prescribed
petition, " T h y K i n g d o m Come, T h y Will
be D o n e on Earth as it is in Heaven."
P. P. Ellinwood,
Chairman of Committee.
INTELLIGENCE.
was at Mersine about the middle of March,
that he might have the facts in the case to
which it refers at his c o m m a n d :
In the year 1886, Ibraheem M o h a m m e d ,
an Ansairee, w h o had himself been taught
in one of the mountain schools of the Re-
formed Presbyterian Church, in the Latakia
district, brought his two little girls and
asked us to take charge of them, as their
mother was dead.
His sister was then a teacher in our em-
ploy and came to the mountains where they
and others spent the summer with us. H e
sent with her his youngest daughter w h o
was deaf and dumb. (Her infirmity was
caused by her mother, in a fit of anger,
plunging her into a stream when she was
just beginning to talk.)
She was accepted for that summer be-
cause her aunt was there to help to care
for her.
108 Items qf Missionary Intelligence.

W h e n wh came to town again, w e sent her married a second time. She came, and
back to her father. S o m e time afterwards, was never inquired for by her father, nor
when two of the teachers were walking in did he ever come to see his other children.

the street, she ran after them begging by A s there are in this country no institutions
signs to be taken back to school, and show- for the deaf and dumb, before our going
ing marks of ill usage. Her father had to America, Dr. Metheny went specially to
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 109

see her father, and asked him if he was in a complaint stating that when the chil-
wUUng to have us take her and put her in a dren were put in school Dr. Metheny
school in America. T h e father repeated, in agreed to give them four Turkish dollars
the strongest terms—what he had before per month for their services, and inasmuch
said—that he had given the girls to the doc- as this had not been paid, they demanded
tor and he could do as he wished. The child the girls. This was sent to the U. S. Con-
was then placed in a school near Philadel- sul, w h o sent it to us. Dr. Metheny had
phia, where she has learned to read and not seen the father at all and said so. After
write. It was our hope that she would this the father came to the mountains
return and teach unfortunates like her- where w e were, and very positively said
seU. that he wanted the girls to stay where they
In the meantime the other girls re- were.
mained in school and nothing was said After this Dr. Metheny went to Adana
about them. The eldest, when she became and had an interview with the Walie, tell-
old enough to understand, asked and re- ing him the facts of the oase, and stating
ceived baptism, and is a communicant in that they were at liberty to go if they
the church. T h e second also applied for chose, but w e did not feel that w e ought
baptism last summer and was baptized. to turn them out. In the paper sent to
About a year ago, the aunt was dis- the government they had purposely falsi-
charged from our employ, her school not fied the ages of the girls and the time
being large enough to justify us in paying they had been in school, in order to make
her a salary. Then began the trouble. them appear too young to choose for them-
Her husband, enraged at the loss of her selves.
income, determined to be revenged. They also charged us with an intent to
H e and the father came at the beginning marry the eldest girl to an Armenian in
of vacation last summer, and asked that town, which was totally false.
the eldest girl should go and make them a The case was then carried by the govern-
risit in Tarsus. H e said they were going ment here to Constantinople, and Minister
to summer at the same place w e were and Terrell wrote a telegram, saying, " Are you
would bring her with them. Miss Sterrett keeping Moslem children in school against
then said it was the wrong time to go to the will of their parents ? If so, deliver
such a malarious place as Tarsus and sug- them up, and write m e the facts." W e
gested that as they were coming to the thought it would have been more proper
mountains they could see her there. to inquire for the factsfirstrather than
The girl herself, w h o is of age in their send this message openly, and Dr. Meth-
eyes, said she did not want to go. The eny sent a copy of it to President Cleve-
father said he did not wish her to go un- land. This occasioned the enclosed letter
less Miss Sterrett was willing. The uncle which will speak for itself.
then said that if she went with him he It is observable that the contention at
would bring her back in a week or two, first was, that w e were detaining minor
but if not, he would complain to the gov- children without the consent of their par-
ernment. Accordingly he went, and sent ents. N o w it clearly appears that they
110 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
challenge the right of Christians to have
Moslem children in their schools at all.
This was precisely the point which Min-
ister Strauss and his successor declined to
admit. (I omitted to mention in its proper
place that the ages of the girls are, as near-
ly as w e can tell, twelve and fourteen.)
A s for written contracts and so on, of
course they do not exist, and it is only a
question between the veracity of Turks
and missionaries. Of that of the former,
the account of this case, and the last
charges, that w e have twenty Moslem
girls, and that w e intend to send these
other girls out of the country, give a good
idea. The question n o w is, whether a
Moslem of any age is at liberty to choose
for himself in religious matters. If not,
of what use is the famous reUgious liberty
clause ?
Invidious distinction is made against
Christianity, for it goes without saying,
that if a Christian of any sect whatever,
wishes to become a Moslem, the govern-
ment will claim that he has a right to do
so. For more than thirty years our work
has gone on among people of this sect,
classed as Mohammedans, but really Pa-
gans, and many of them have become
Christians. Yet in no case has such
change injured the Turkish Government,
for they have never claimed exemption
from the army as Christians have a right
to do. Only within the last three years
has this work been interfered with by the
government.
It then began a systematic course of in-
timidation, bribery and persecution whicli
has resulted in the closing of some thirty-
five schools. This winter an attempt was
made by the local authorities here to force
us to sign an agreement that we would not
receive pupUs w h o were Moslems. This
w e declined to do, as our government had
always contended that it was not our prov-
ince to act as Turkish police. It is the
province of the Turks to prevent, if they
seefit,Moslems from sending their chil-
dren to our schools.
P. S.—The figures given as the ages of
the girls are, I a m confident, too low.
They are their o-wn approximation. That
would make Telgie only two when they
first came, which cannot be. They must
be at leastfifteenand thirteen.
[COPY.J
Legation of United States,
Constantinople, Ma,rch 10, 1894.
Rev. David Methenv, Meesina.
Deak Sie : Your letter dated January
24th has reached m e after along delay. My
telegram to you was sent immediately af-
ter receiving a written complaint from the
Minister of Foreign Affairs, the nature of
which was explained in m y former letter
which, I presume, you have received.
(Note : Tlie letter here mentioned has not
yet come to hand.)
I need not remind you that the parents
of the children held by you under contract,
whether really Turks or Christians, were
subjects of the Sultan, and their chUdren
could not, without the consent of the gov-
ernment, be sent to the United States. Eor
fear m y former letter m a y not have reached
you, I enclose a copy of the note verbal,
from the Porte.
If the n a m e of tbe father of the giris
contracted to you (Ibrahim bin Mohammed)
is correctly given, it would seem that he
is a M o h a m m e d a n .
However this m a y be, the children were
subjects of the Sultan and could not be
deported without consent of the govern-
ment.
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
If you had official authority to send the
youngest child away, please procure and
send m e a copy of it, that I m a y avert from
your institution the prejudice that would
otherwise exist, by showing it to the Min-
ister of Foreign Affairs.
If those children are regarded as M o s -
lems by the local authorities, they are the
only ones within m y knowledge within a
missionary school. N o n e are at Robert
College, at the girls' school here, or in
Sentari, or at Marsovan—nor, within m y
knowledge, in Armenia. Leading mission-
aries here say that never has the prejudice
of the Turks been so manifest against all
Christian missionary schools under Ameri-
can control, as in the last eighteen months.
A belief that American missionaries are
promoting sedition was general. The
great labor of the representative of our
government here has been to correct this
unjust suspicion by all the means in his
power. If the information of the Foreign
Minister was false, the open telegram did
not affect you. If true, it was proper that
the Porte might see that the United States
did not sanction a wrong. O n receiving
your letter, I stated the facts frankly to
the Grand Vizier. H e expressed the ut-
most astonishment, and desired that the
mute girl be brought back at once to the
Ottoman Empire. Y o u need not be told of
the great horror felt by the Turks at an
act of apostacy, and their objections to
having their chUdren raised under Chris-
tian auspices. I therefore suggest that in
order to prevent those annoyances to your
sohool that would otherwise follow, you
cause the mute chUd to be brought back
from the United States.
As to the older sisters, if you will trans-
mit a statement of the religious faith of
Ill
their father, as recognized by the Turks,
with their ages and a copy of your contract,
I will instruct the Consul in regard to
them. The question of your compensa-
tion if they should be given up, will be de-
termined when the facts are known, and in
any event, you m a y rely on the efforts of
the Legation to protect you in every legal
and equitable right.
The outlook n o w for a more kindly feel-
ing toward American missionaries is far
better than it has been since m y arrival,
and I need not to advise the utmost cau-
tion to avoid exciting the suspicions and
fanaticism of M o h a m m e d a n s . I remain,
sir. Very respectfully,
A. W. Terrell.
Copy op Translation or Verbal Note.
Sublime Porte.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
January 12, 1894.
A s the result of the report m a d e by the
Imperial Authorities of the Vilayet of Adana,
it is learned that the American mission-
aries established at Mersina have n o w over
about twenty Nagareean (Ansairiyeh) girls
to the Protestant school of that town,
w h o m they refuse to send back to their
parents, also that Dr. Metheny, the direc-
tor of this school, has clandestinely sent off
to America one of the three daughters of
Ibrahim bin M o h a m m e d , whose names are
Tadjidi (Telgie), Zahra and Sanfeya, w h o m
he had received in his school, and that he
was planning to send the two others to
America.
A s such proceedings cannot be tolerated,
the Ministry of Poreign Affairs request the
United States Legation to give categori-
cal orders to w h o m it m a y concern, which
shall have for effect that Dr. Metheny and
 112 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
the afore mentioned missionaries shall give
up the girls in question to their families,
and never again in future allow themselves
to commit such irregularities.
N e w Hebrides.—The following para-
graphs are taken from a letter in the April
number of the Presbyterian Record, Can-
ada. In that letter. Rev. H . A. Robertson,
after a brief furlough in Sydney, and on
the eve of returning to the Islands, wrote:
I a m looking with joy and great pleasure
to a hard and successful year's work on
Erromanga, n o w one of the most interest-
ing MissionfieldsI know of anywhere, for
apart altogether from the great and won-
derful change that has taken place upon it
during the last twenty years, Erromanga,
as the martyr island of the Pacific, must
ever be regarded by the Christian heart,
the world over, with undying interest.
W h e n I left, the work all over the Island
was most encouraging, and m y elders and
teachers, as a class, doing well. I have
two elders, Usuo at the west principal sta-
tion, Dillon's Bay ; and Y o m o t at the east
principal station, Potnarevin; as fine m e n
and as efficient elders as I know of in any
of our home congregations. They are really
m y session, and the two most influential
m e n on the Island—grand men.
W e dispensed the Lord's Supper in
July last, at DUlon's Bay, to 200 people,
and on that day Narie Tangkow, the eldest
son of the murderer of John Williams, was
baptized in the presence of seven hundred
people, and took his place at the C o m m u n -
ion Table. A grand sight it was, and
would have rejoiced any one with a heart
in him to have seen it. W e have 50
teachers and 250 communicants. W e have
excellent Mission buildings, and with
health, energy, and God's blessing, w e
ought to make progress.
The work of m y brother missionaries ig
being pushed forward all over the group
with energy and "vigor, with here and there
encouraging success, while on the newer
stations there are hopeful signs, such as
heathen attending churoh, and in some cases
schools as well, while numbers are asking
their missionaries for teachers.
Tibet.—Miss Annie Taylor, the story of
whose nearly successful attempt to reach
Lhasa, the Tibetan capital, was told some
months ago, has n o w left England, with a
Mission party for Tibet. She proposes to
make DarjeeUng the headquarters for the
present, so that the party m a y learn Tibet-
an by the teaching of natives from over the
border. Thus, so soon as the door is
opened, another party will be ready to
carry the Gospel into this darkened land.
—Missionary Record.
India.—The native Chiistian population
of Assam is larger than most people in
America are aware. T h e revelations of the
census in this regard were surprising even
to the European residents of that coun-
try. The number of native Christians in
Assam in 1891 was 14,762; the number in
1881 was 5,462, so that w e have an increase
of 9,300, or nearly 170 per eent. in 10
years. T h e increase of population in the
whole province during that time was 12
per cent.; the district of Lakhimpm* had
the highest rate of increase, nearly 50
per cent. Thus the native Christians ot
Assam increased 14 times faster than
the population from 1881 to 1891, and
more than three times faster than the pop-
ulation of the most progressive district of
the province.
Nearly one-half of the native Christians
in the province—6,941—are of the Calrin-
istic Methodist persuasion, and live in the
Khasi and Jaintea Hills south of Gauhati.
 Items of Missionary InteUigence.
There were only 1,895 of these Christians
in 1881, there being an increase of 5,046,
or 265 per cent, in 10 years, the result of
the concentrated and vigorous labors of
the Welsh Mission.
The census credits our o w n denomina-
tion -with 3,718 Christians in Assam in 1891.
In 1881 there were 1,475 Baptist Chris-
tians in the pro-vince, so there has been an
increase of 2,243, or 152 per cent, in 10
years—a result of which w e need not be
ashamed. B y far the larger part of the
Assam Baptists are Garos and Kohl immi-
grants.
A notable fact about the native Christian
population of Assam is that only eight per
cent, belong to the established church.
Mission work in the province being most
largely carried on by dissenters. The
Church of England Christians numbered
1,324 in 1891; in 1881 there were 640;
this shows an increase of 682, or 102 per
cent, in 10 years—the fruit of the labors
of the Society for the Propagation of the
Gospel. Of these Christians, 509 are
Kacharies, and belong to the Darrang Mis-
sion carried on by Rev. S. Endle, whose
labors have been very successful, his con-
verts having increased from 194 to 509 in
ten years.
The R o m a n Catholics, w h U e so aggress-
ive and pushing in other parts of India,
have made scarcely any impression on
Assam. Only three per cent, of the native
Christians are R o m a n CathoUc, and these
almost without exception are immigrants
from Southern India and Chota Nagpur,
where R o m a n Catholics are numerous. I
do not think there is a single R o m a n Cath-
oUc school in Assam, at least in Assam
proper—that is, the Brahmaputra Val-
ley. There is one solitary padre who
113
wanders up and d o w n the country, visiting
European and Eurasian Catholics.
This large increase in the native Chris-
tian population of Assam certainly shows
that remarkable prosperity has attended
the work of the three societies laboring in
that country: Welsh Calvinistic Methodist,
265 per cent, increase; Baptist Missionary
Union, 152 per cent, increase, and Society
for the Propagation of the Gospel, 102 per
cent. Each society has more than doubled
ts n u m b e r s in ten years.
This increase is attributed by M r . Gait,
the census officer, almost solely to the
labors of the missionaries. Mr. Gait says:
"These figures by no means adequately
represent the labors of the missionaries.
Besides converting upwards of 9,000 per-
sons to Christianity in the past ten years,
they have opened schools among the peo-
ple, and have been the means of spreading
education in the backward tracts. They
have also in some places opened dispensa-
ries which are presided over by medical
missionaries, and in various ways have
helped to civilize the backward races among
w h o m their chief work lies."
Assam is certainly far from being the
barrenfieldm a n y suppose it to be. It is
interesting to note that of the native Chris-
tians nearly twenty-five per cent, can read
and write, while of the M o h a m m e d a n s only
two per cent., and of the Hindus four per
cent, can read and write.
The native Christians are most numer-
ous in the Khasi and Jaintea HOls District,
constituting nearly four per cent, of the
population, and the least numerous in the
Sylhet District, where they are only two
per cent, of the population.—Rev. A . K .
Qurney in the Baptist Missionary M a g a -
114 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
SoDTH America.—The Missionary Her-
cdd gathers the following statements re-
specting missionary work in South Amer-
ica from the Revue des Missions Contem-
poraines :
Venezuela, twice as large as France, has
only one Protestant missionary for its
2,350,000 inhabitants.
Colombia, with an extent nearly double
that of the Austro-Hungarian empire, and
with a population of 4,000,000, has only
three Mission stations, occupied by the
Presbyterian Church of the United States.
Ecuador, half as large as Germany, is
the only one of the South American repub-
lics which tolerates no other religion thau
that of R o m e . There is not a single her-
ald of the truth as w e receive it a m o n g her
nuUion inhabitants.
Peru, with her 3,000,000 scattered over
an extent of country twice as great as that
of France and Switzerland put together,
has only one Protestant pastor, Mr. Ford,
w h o has charge of the two little evangel-
ical churches of L i m a and Callao. The
American Bible Society does its best to
scatter the W o r d of G o d among these ig-
norant people, and its principal agent, M .
Penszotti, has but recently come out of the
prison into which he was thrown by the
priests of R o m e . Peru also awaits the time
w h e n the Light of life shall illumine her
darkness.
Bolivia, two and one-half times larger
than France,with a population of 2,300,000
souls, has only one settled missionary. It
is visited here and there by colporters of
the American Bible Society.
Chili, politically and intellectually the
most advanced of the republics, counting
2,720,000 inhabitants, of w h o m 500,000 are
Indians, has an extent equal to one and
one-half times that of Prance. Here the
United States Presbyterians havefivesta-
tions, occupied by a dozen workers, and
the South American Missionary Society
has three stations with eight missionaries.
Let us hope that the Swiss preachers, who
give their first attention to the spiritual
needs of Swiss immigrants in Chili, will
also spread abroad the light of evangehcal
truth a m o n g the R o m a n Catholic popula-
tions.
T h e Argentine Republic is the second in
size of the South American States. It is
five times larger than Germany, though it
has but 4,000,000 inhabitants. One-fourth
of this population is of European descent;
three-fourths are Indians or of mixed
blood. It is evangelized by seven laborera
of the Missionary Society for South Amer-
ica and twelve of the M . E . Church of the
U. S. A.
Paraguay, after having submitted for
two centuries to a Jesuitical government,
has at last expelled its oppressors. Smaller
than Italy, it has, according to some au-
thorities, 250,000 inhabitants; according
to others, twice that number. However
this m a y be, the five workers of the
Missionary Society for South America and
the group of natives in the ser-vice of the
Methodist Episcopal Church, are utterly
insufficient for their task.
Uruguay has seven Mission stations,
dependent on the same two agencies. As
large as Prance, it has 600,000 to 700,000
inhabitants.
Brazil, larger than the United States and
comprising half of the South American
Continent, has 14,000,000 people. Six so-
cieties are at work here, employing about
eighty missionaries ; one for every 175,000
souls. But, as everywhere in this vast
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 115
region, the laborers are not apportioned Object of the society was to cultivate
equally among the inhabitants ; they reach a missionary spirit among its members, to
probably not more than 2,000,000. Com- raise funds and disburse them for the ad-
munities of German immigrants, served vancement of Christ's cause under the di-
by evangeUcal pastors, no doubt exercise a rection of the B. P. Church. At the first
beneficent influence around them. T o sum regular meeting of the society the following
up, of the 34,000,000 inhabitants of South officers were elected:
America, there are undoubtedly not more President, E. S. Sproull; vicepresident,
than 4,000,000 w h o are reached by the Gos- Mrs. Samuel Patterson; secretary, Mrs.
pel message; 30,000,000 remain strangers Hice; treasurer. Miss Martha Cannon.
to the good news. Is it not, then, accurate The officers w h o have been elected, and
to call that part of the world "a neglected the years of service, are as follows: Presi-
continent"? dent, Mrs. E. S. Sproull, 14 years ; Mrs. J.
AT H O M E . C. Steele, 2 years; Miss Fannie Dushane, 2
New Alexandria, Pa.—Twenty years' years; Miss Mary Shaw, 1 year; Mrs. A.
history of the Ladies' Missionary Society W . McClurkin, 8 months.
of N e w Alexandria Congregation: Vice-president, Mrs. Samuel Patter-
Pursuant to an announcement made by son, 1 year; Mrs. William Shaw, 2
the pastor on Sabbath, July 20th, 1873, a years; Mrs. J. C. Steele, 4 years;
number of the ladies of the R. P. Congre- Mrs. J. R. Steele, 1 year; Mrs. AUsworth,
gation of N e w Alexandria met at the church 2 years; Mrs. S. M . Steele, 5 years; Miss
on Wednesday, July 23d, for the purpose M . Denholm, 3 years.
of forming a missionary society. Dr. Treasurer, Miss M . Cannon, 6 years;
Sproull, of Allegheny, opened the meeting Mrs. A. H . Beattie, 6 years; Miss Mary
with prayer. The pastor. Rev. T. A. Sproull, Patterson, 1 year; Miss Anna O'Brien, 2
was called to the chair and also acted as years; Miss Anna Patterson, 1 year; Mrs.
secretary. The following persons were Lindsay, 1 year; Mrs. G. M . Robb, 1 year.
present: Mrs. Samuel Patterson, Mrs. S. Recording Secretary, Mrs. S. M . Steele,
Darnon, Mrs. Neely, Mrs. J. H. Steele, 7 years; Miss Anna O'Brien, 5 years;
Mrs. Hice, Mrs. McClure, Mrs. Stewart, Mrs. M . Pollock, 5 years ; Mrs. Calhoun, 2
Mrs. AUsworth, Mrs. S. M . Steele, Mrs. A. years; Miss Anna Patterson, 1 year; Mrs.
H. Beattie, Miss Martha Cannon, Miss S. T. Gallagher, 2 months ; Miss M . Cannon, 1
Shannon, Miss Mary O'Brien, Mrs. E. S. month; Mrs. Hice, 1 month.
Sproull. Pour of the above have been At the December meeting, 1889, a sug-
called home and two have moved to other gestion was made to have a corresponding
fields of labor, leaving eight of the namessecretary, and on motion the constitution
mentioned still members of the society. was amended to by inserting correspond-
A committee was appointed to prepare a ing secretary in Article 5, Section 1, to
constitution and by-laws, and report at read: The officers of this society shall be
next meeting; committee presented their a president, vice-president, recording sec-
report which was accepted and adopted. retary, treasurer and corresponding secre-
The yearly dues were $1.20; initiation tary. O n motion Miss Ola Elder was
fee, 25 cents. elected corresponding secretary, served 2
116 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

years. Miss Maggie Patterson, 2 years. the work of His o w n hands. H e will go
During the years 1873-'74, 48 names were forth from victory to victory.
enroUed; 1874-'75, 54 names; 1875-'76, Respectfully submitted,
56 names; 1876-'77, 61 names; 1878,58 Mrs. E. S. Spboull,
names; 1879-'80, 45 names; 1881-82,49 President.
names; 1883-'84, 48 names; 1885-86 Utioa, Ohio. — The Ladies' Missionary
-'87-88, 56 names; 1889-'90, 51 names; Society, of the Utica Congregation, has
1891-'92, 48 names; 1893, 49 names. held in the year just closed ten regular and
Have had eleven life members, and have one called meetings. Our Society has
two honorary members. Since organiza- forty-four members. A loved and loving
tion w e have lost by death thirteen member has passed away during the year,
members. W e have collected by dues, one w h o was always faithful to the cause
fees, donations, festivals and lectures of Missions, Mrs. Jane Boyd Dunlap. W e
about $2,000 (two thousand), which has have raised $143.64, of which the follovring
been divided among the different Missions distribution has been made: Poreign Mis-
of the Church, but principally the Foreign sion, $60; M o u n t a m Schools, $42. W e
Mission. For three years society purchased also provided clothing and bedding for the
material and made clothing for Miss Jane year for a promising young Indian boy at
Cogan, also sending money for her support. the Mission, George Takawana, for wbich
Society pieced a quilt and sent it to Mrs. we received from him an interesting let-
Metheny. Have prepared four boxes of ter of thanks. T h e value of box sent was
clothing, three for Foreign Mission, one $30. W e held in September a missionary
for Indian Mission. tea, from which w e realized $6.66. It was
Addresses have been delivered by our a very pleasant entertainment. W e had
missionaries. Dr. Beattie, Dr. Metheny, Dr. devotional exercises and short select read-
Dodds and many other ministers, both ing. Balance in treasury, $11.64. Looking
from our own and Presbyterian denomi- over the past year w e have great reasons
nations; in all 68 addresses. A number of for thankfulness.
letters were received from Foreign Mis- Mrs. J. C. Boyd,
sion, H o m e Mission and Southern Mission. President.
Our meetings have been characterized Mrs. Charley Fravel,
by harmony and good feeling as well as Secretary.
progress. Ray, Ind.—The Missionary Society of
In reviewing the past w e have much to Cedar Lake Congregation report as fol-
be thankful for, but the work is God's. W e lows for the year 1893 :
are .simply His instruments to accomplish W e give thanks to our Heavenly Pather
His purposes, and all the success is from for His watchful care. None of our num-
Him. " It is not by might, nor by power, ber have been removed by death, although
but by m y Spirit, saith the Lord," and if some of us have drank deeply of the cup of
it is God's work, will H e not take care of affliction.
it ? H e has done so in the past. H e will do W e were highly favored at oui- meeting
so in the future ; the Lord will not forsake in August to have Mrs. R. C. Wylie and
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
her children and Rev. J. C. French with
us. The former is tbe wife of our former
pastor, and was our president for nearly
seven years. She still retains ber member-
ship with us. Mr. French is the son of our
first pastor, the Rev. John French.
At our December meeting Mrs. N. R.
Johnston addressed us, giving a graphic
description of a N e w Year's Day in China-
town. W e were highly entertained and
our hearts swelled with joy that w e were
permitted to see and hear one w h o had
been so faithful a missionary among the
Chinese, and as she is the mother of our
present pastor's wife, w e hope to meet her
again at no very distant day.
The Presbyterial Missionary Society
met with us in October, and w e hope that
some work was done for the Master that
will stand the test of time.
W e have held twelve regular meetings
during the year, the most of which were
well attended.
W e had literary exercises at nearly every
meeting, referring mostly to the various
Missions in connection with our o w n
Church. W e have raised by dues and col-
lections $72, of which $36 were sent to the
Poreign, $18 to the Southern and $18 to
the Domestic Missions. Our present m e m -
bership is 54.
If the Lord shall spare us another year
we trust it shall be for His honor and
glory, and that w e m a y be a means of
creating a more earnest missionary spirit
in our community.
The following officers were elected for
the coming year: Mrs. T. H . Walker, Presi-
dent; Mrs. Sophia McLouth, Vice-Presi-
dent; Mrs. Lizzie Logan, Secretary; Mr.
Eobert McNaughton, Treasurer.
Respectfully submitted,
Mrs. Ellen M Lewis, Secretary.
117
Resolution of the Ladies' Missionary
Society of Hopkinton Congregation on
THE Death of Mrs. Emeline Neil.—The
Ladies' Missionary Society of Hopkinton
Congregation is once more called upon
to lament the removal by death of
one of its members. Mrs. Emeline NeU, the
first president of the society and widow of
Rev. James Neil, heard the summons and
quietly fell on sleep, peacefully passing
from natural slumber to her eternal rest,
on September 26, 1893. Mrs. N e U was
present at the organization of the society
by Rev. R. C. Wylie, in 1876. She was
chosen president, and held the position
until she left us for a protracted visit East
some three years later. During these
years, though burdened by many home
cares and in constant attendance at the
bedside of an invalid husband, she was
prompt and regular in attending the meet-
ings of the Missionary Society, and also
those of the Woman's Weekly Prayer-
meeting. In both these associations she
was an active and deeply interested worker,
often expressing herself as greatly strength-
ened and helped by the spiritual uplift
these meetings afforded her. After Mr.
Neil's death Mrs. Neil was m u c h from
home, visiting her children and other re-
ations, and was never after a regular at-
tendant at our meetings. But when she
was in our neighborhood w e were sure of
her presence and help, and when absent it
was her custom to make frequent inquiry
by letter as to our progress and success in
the Lord's work, assuring us of her prayer-
ful sympathy and interest. O n e of her
last requests was that her daughter would
send her contribution offivedollars to our
treasury.
As a society w e bear testimony to her
Christian character, and as fellow-Chris-
118 Monographs.

tians we desire to emulate more fuUy her
example in faithful, steadfast adherence to
the Master's work and in lively interest in
it. W e extend our kindest sympathy to
the bereaved family, and commend them
to Him who said, " I wUl not leave you
comfortless."
Mrs. R. L. Wallace,
Mrs. T. H. Acheson,
Mrs. J. E. McKean,
Miss Mary Gutheie,
Committee.
Bellefontaine, O.—Resolutions of the
L. M . S. of the R. P. Congregation of
Bellefontaine, O., on the death of Miss
Aggie Guthrie, w h o was called h o m e Nov.
6th, 1893.
Whereas : It has pleased our Heavenly
Pather in His allwise Providence to remove
from us our sister Miss Aggie Guthrie.
Resolved, 1st. That in her death our so-
ciety has lost a faithful worker. She sleeps,
but her works praise her. She did what
she could, and is now, w e trust, receiving
her reward in the heavenly h o m e with her
Saviour and Redeemer.
Resolved, 2d. That w e bear cheerful testi-
m o n y to her Christian character, and al-
though removed from us, let us be incited
by her example while with us, to be dih-
gent in the work in which w e were united,
that when w e are called w e m a y not be
found wanting.
Resolved, 3d. That w e b o w in humble
submission to the wUl of a kind Father,
and that w e extend our kindest sympathy
to the bereaved family, who, in the past
year, have been called to mourn the death
of three loved ones, commending them to
the Spirit of God, w h o is a present help in
time of trouble, trusting that their loss
and ours -will be more than made up by
riches in glory in Christ Jesus. Com.

M O N O G R A P H S .

LETTER OF ACCEPTANCE. and her representative abroad. This de-

To the Pastors of the Reformed Pres- parture is an advance toward the beau
ideal of Mission effort—a m a n afield for
bsterian Church.
every one at home. T h e Lord sent His
Dear Fathers and Brethren : If there missionaries out by twos. Is it disobey-
be any exception to the Foreign Mis- ing orders it one stays at home for the
sion Board's usual good judgment, it is purpose of supporting the other f I. Sam,
seen in their designation of the writer as xxx, 24, 1. c.
" The Pastor's Missionary." The selection, This n e w relation to you is the more
however, is not supposed to rest upon highly prized because of a brief yet most
worthiness to be so designated, but upon happy pastorate with as loyal a people as
the wisdom of creating another point of ever sustained a pastor's hands. Into that
contact through which willflowthe current short pastorate were crowded many and
of interest between the Church at h o m e varied experiences peculiar to your
 Monographs.
Although in America less than a year after
ordination, yet your missionary is able to
recall the face of almost every minister in
the Church.
B y this advance movement you confer a
favor on your several charges—you give
them a pastor afield as well as at home. It
is gratifying to see h o w your example is
being foUowed by the Elders. If they had
not marched forward close upon your heels,
one might well take heed lest the n e w ef-
fort were in the wrong direction, because
the Elders are certainly the balance-wheel
in the machinery of the Church. But you
will have to acknowledge that the young
ladies have captured the handsomest mis-
sionary in the field—of Suadia.
So interesting afieldis Syria, that I sus-
pect that there is nothing new to write. I
have been favored by the acquaintance of
several missionaries w h o k n o w the country
and its people well. F r o m their testimony
and what is apparent to every one, I would
say that Syria's greatest needs are t w o —
faithful, intelligent pastors in the Church
and a current literature that will give them
correct views of civil liberty. The evan-
gelical missionaries are slowly laying the
foundation for thefirstnecessity, and Chris-
tian, missionary educators are sowing the
seed which will furnish the second thing
needed. Faithful preaching and careful
education is Syria's hope.
The necessity for pastoral work is very
great. It often happens that w h e n a m a n
becomes a convert to Evangelical Chris-
tianity, he must leave his native village in
order to obtain a living. This takes him
away from his family or removes the family
also. In such a case it is necessary for the
missionary pastor to follow these members
and to visit them from time to time. The
119
houses of these members are places in
which the missionary can gather a few
hearers w h o share the instruction to the
householder and his family. Sometimes
the girls from our schools are married to
m e n w h o are not Christians. These w o m e n
have no help in their spiritual life except
such as they get from the visits of the itin-
erating pastor. Mr. Stewart baptized the
child of a w o m a n here in Kessab, this sum-
mer, whose husband is not a Christian.
About sixty persons heard the sermon and
witnessed the baptism. W h o can estimate
the value of such a service ? At this ser-
vice, the natives sat on mats on the floor,
but chairs were given to the two ministers.
So even here in Syria there are special fa-
vors shown to the pastors.
Then again, there are the painful, funer-
al services to be performed amidst the
weeping and wailing so peculiar to this
country. It is but just to say that the in-
fluence of missionaries has, in a measure,
toned d o w n the unseemly noise of funerals
when they occur in the families of con-
verts.
Your missionary performed hisfirstSyr-
ian marriage ceremony this summer here
in Kessab, by an interpreter. The couple
were Protestants, connected with the A. B.
P. M . congregation here. T h e people
were all assembled in the church, seated
on mats oU thefloor,excepting the bride
and groom, w h o were seated in the only
p e w in the church. T h e messenger came
for me, bringing a license duly attested by
the Elders of the congregation. The for-
mula which I used in America was used
here. There was nothing visible of the
bride excepting her clothes. She was
closely veiled. The groom was a stolid
youth whose features did not relax into
120 Monographs.

the faintest smUe when I shook hands with in opposition to the principles of Moham-
him after the ceremony. It seemed to be medanism, as laid d o w n in the Koran and
a serious business to him. T h e whole com-as interpreted by the Sheik-ul-Islam, the
pany repaired to the house of the groom's head of the Church.
father for a feast after the " knot was tied." T h e Sultan directs all legislative and ex-
There was no fee. ecutive activities by means of the Grand
Cases of discipline must be attended to Vizier, the head of the temporal govern-
in which the pastor has to deal with grown- ment, and the Sheik-ul-Islam just men-
up chUdren instead of men. tioned, both of w h o m he appoints to ofiice.
Most trivial things are pressed upon you, The entire country is divided into thirty-
while grave offenses are not noticed by the one vilayets or States, whose governors are
brethren. Recently the following was appointed by the Sultan, to w h o m they are
brought to m y notice: A certain teacher is directly responsible. These governors
connected with a family of considerable appoint the rulers of the sub-provinces,
means, as wealth is counted here. In speak-w h o report to them.
ing to other teachers he often says, in Under capitulations, foreigners residing
speaking of his wife, "Your mistress is in Turkey are under the laws of their re-
well," or " Your mistress is not at home atspective countries, and are amenable for
present." This way of designating his trial, in cases not concerning Turkish sub-
jects, to a tribunal presided over by their
wife is very irritating to the other teachers
w h o are not disposed to look upon the o w n consul. Cases between foreigners
w o m a n as in any way superior to them. It
and Turkish subjects are tried in Ottoman
is a grievance to be corrected by the mis- courts, a dragoman of the foreign consulate
sionary. being present to see that tbe trial is ac-
Your past record as able and successful cording to law; the carrying out of the
solicitors of funds for Mission work en- sentence, if against the foreigner, to be
courages your missionary to rest assured through his consulate.
of his support in temporal things. Your The best estimate of the uumber of in-
attested devotion to the cause of Christ athabitants in both European and Asiatic
h o m e and abroad has certainly in it the Turkey places it at about 31,000,000, of
promise of " hastening the coming of the w h o m some 9,000,000 are non-Moslems, and
day of the Lord," in which the universe of these over half are nominal Christians.
will behold the hosts of the Lord led by F r o m all parts of the M o h a m m e d a n world
the Lord of hosts, pushing forward to the devout pilgrims resort to their sacred city
more speedy conquest of the world for of Mecca, in Arabia, toward which place all
Christ. pray. In 1890-91 over 21,000 arrived at
J. Boggs Dodds. Mecca by land and 61,000 by sea. The
Suadia, Syria. State paid toward the expenses of the pil-
grims over 13,000,000 piastres.
TURKEY. T h e nominal Christians in Turkey are
In the Ottoman empire the wUl of the not centered in any one place, but are scat-
Sultan is absolute law, provided it is not tered throughout the empire, and are
 Monographs. 121
everywhere in the minority. T h e Govern- the peculiar traits and oppositions of the
ment and army are in the hands of the past year, 644 persons were received to the
Moslem rulers, while a m o n g the other na- 126 churches, making the present member-
tionalities there is no unity or organiza- ship 12,674. T h e educational work in these
tion. Missions is quite advanced, there being six
The past year in Turkey has been one of coUeges in direct connection with the
special trial. T h e Government, apparently Board—Euphrates at Harpoot, Central
aroused by false reports of enemies of the Turkey at Aintab, Anatolia at Marsovan,
oause, has seemed to regard the Protestant the American College for Girls at Marash,
work in that empire as largely political, and the Collegiate and Theological Insti-
and has therefore placed m a n y obstacles in tute at Samokov. In all there are over
the way of the missionaries. It has been 20,000 persons in the educational institu-
difficult for the Turkish officials to under- tions of the American Board in Turkey.—
stand that the Mission schools are only American B o a r d Almanac.
institutions of the Church, and that no
political instruction is given, and no such THE AMERICAN INDIAN.
discussions permitted ; students w h o have At the World's Congress of Missions in
indulged in such talk have been summarily Chicago, Bishop Whipple said that the
dismissed. only way to do justice to the Indians was
It appears that enemies have tried to to invest them with the rights of citizen-
fill the ears of the Government with false- ship and assist them to become self-sup-
hoods concerning the evangelical work in porting. H e claimed for the North Ameri-
order to crush out the Church and school can Indian that he was not a sullen, silent,
by means of the aroused enmity of the joyless creature, as was often supposed.
Turkish officials. S o m e m a y do this in A m o n g his o w n people he is one of the
order to divert attention from themselves. most mirthful m e n in the world. N o one
This state of affairs has led to unpleasant will laugh more heartily at a joke or see
incidents during the year, such as the more quickly through the sophistry of a
burning of the Girls' School at Marsovan, plausible argument.
the arrest and imprisonment of Protestant Miss Mary C. Collins, known among the
preachers and teachers in various places, Dakotas as " Winona," meaning " elder
and a general infringement upon the per- daughter," endorsed what the Bishop had
sonal rights and privileges of missionaries. said. She described some of her o w n ex-
The three Missions of the American periences of eighteen years, and related in-
Board in Asiatic Turkey—the Western, stances to show h o w these people, w h o m
Central and Eastern, are so divided simply the world considered bloodthirsty, lived at
for the convenience of the missionaries. peace with their neighbors unless compell-
In these three Missions, together with the ed to go to war by what they deemed un-
European Turkey Mission, which covers just treatment either by the Government or
also Bulgaria, the Board has 175 mission- individuals. She had gone forth day and
aries, 57 of them being men. T h e native night, and never had a look or word of dis-
laborers number 871. Notwithstanding courtesy offered her by an Indian.
222 EDITORIAL N O T E S .

—The Synod of the Reformed Presby- Rev. W . W . Carithers $25 00

terian Church will meet in Philadelphia, Port SUl, Okla. Ter.
Pa., on Wednesday, M a y 30th, at 10 a. m. It W e hope to be able to report to the
is very gratifying to learn from the printed Synod that the whole amount promised for
Order of Business that one evening will this purpose for the first year has been
be specially devoted to a Conference on paid into the Treasury.
Missions. This is wise. The speaking — T w o other contributions towards the
will not be limited to those w h o are support of an Elders' Missionary may be
charged with the administration of mis- added to the amount reported last month:
sionary affairs. Indeed, as it seems to us, A n Elder of 3d N e w York $5 00
those officially identified with the work M r . S. C. Patterson 3 65
should not be invited to take any part N e w Alexandria, Pa.
in the discussion, except, perhaps, to M a n y of the brethren w h o agreed at the
give information in regard to a particu- last meeting of Synod to take part in this
lar field or department of the ser- enterprise, have more than made good their
vice. M a n y in the Ministry and El- pledge. But a few have not yet sent for-
dership, w h o are seldom or never ward the money. This m a y be due in
heard on this subject, yet are full of the some instances to the " hard times; " or,
missionary spirit, will gladly avail them- perhaps, some of them are not subscribers
selves of this opportunity to express their to the Herald or Mission News and have
views. not read its Editorial Notes this winter.
There are at present in the foreign field All things considered, it is hardly fair to
four ordained ministers, two well-qualified expect m e n w h o do not read a missionary
physicians, and six consecrated women, Monthly to know very m u c h about what is
messengers of the whole Church, and at going on in the missionary world or to be
the coming Conference all parts of the thoroughly interested in the missionary
Church should be represented and heard. enterprises of the Church.
The same thing m a y be said in regard to — T h e following contributions, handed
the work in destitute localities at home, us for the Poreign Missions, have been
among the Indians and in the South. Thus transferred to the Treasurer, Mi-. Walter T.
the Conference will be a source of wide- MUler:
spread inspiration and not, as it otherwise A m e m b e r of 2d N e w York, for
might be, a mere formality. Mountain Schools $500 00
—Since our last issue w e have received The w o m e n of 2d N e w York, for the
the foUowing contributions towards the sal- same purpose 479 00
ary of the Pastors' Missionary: Friends of Cyprus Mission 164 74
Rev. A. J. McFarland $10 oO —Acting on the instructions of Synod at
St. John, N. B. its last meeting, the Board of Foreign
" B . C . Wylie 10 00 Missions authorized the Syrian Mission to
Wilkinsburg, Pa. make certain necessary alterations in the
" A. Kilpatrick 5 qO Lower House at Suadia, at an estimated
Valencia, Pa. cost of $1,500. T o meet this considerable
 Edit.:irial Notes.
outlay the Treasurer has probably received,
in small sums, a hundred dollars. A n d the
Herald of Mission N e w s is glad to be able
to report the following additional eontri-
butions :
Mr. H u g h O'NeiU $250 00
4th N e w York.
" A. Alexander 100 00
Miss E.Gray 25 00
2d N e w York.
It is earnestly hoped that the friends of
the work in Suadia, n o w that their atten-
tion has been again called to this matter,
wiU make their offerings, prompt and lib-
eral, that the whole amount m a y be se-
cured at once.
— A few days ago the mail brought to
this office a letter from M r . J. T. Mahaf-
fey, of West Hebron, N. Y. It covered a
post-office order for twenty dollars, with
the request that " it be given to that part
of the Poreign Missions which you think
needs it most. M y preference is Latakia,
but I will submit to your judgment in the
matter." In reply w e assured our friend
that the money should be applied to help
liquidate a debt on the n e w building in
Latakia. For this same purpose. Miss E.
Gray, of 2d N e w York, has also handed us
the sum of twenty-five dollars. W U l not
others, who are interested in the school
work in Syria, imitate this example that
the trifiing debt of three hundred dollars
may be wiped off without any further
delay ?
— W a n t e d . — A n ordained minister and a
physician for the Island of Cyprus.
Wanted.—An ordained minister and a
physician to estabhsh a Mission in China.
The m e n w h o wUl be accepted for either
of thesefieldsmust give satisfactory evi-
dence that they are possessed of the.mis-
123
sionary spirit and furnish reliable testi-
monials as to moral character and profes-
sional abiUty. Souls are perishing and
G o d is to be glorified. Where are the m e n
with a passion for souls w h o will leave
home and friends, and go forth into these
destitutefieldsfor the sake of the N a m e ?
— A recent letter from Rev. James
Paton, B. A., of Glasgow, informs us that
his brother, Dr. John G. Paton, with whose
autobiography many of our readers are
famUiar, is in good health and as busy as
ever. H e has meetings arranged for in
England that will occupy his time aud at-
tention till the middle of May. H e will at-
tend the General Assemblies in Edinburgh
at the end of the month and soon after will
leave for Melbourne. Mr. Paton writes :
" The Lord has marvelously used and
blessed him everwhere. A n d the financial
returns are wonderful. I trust, when he
returns, the Australian Churches will have
no difficulty in sustaining the D a y Spring
Steam Auxiliary. W e have m a n y good
subscriptions and promises here for her
maintenance."
A m o n g the ways in which the readers of
the Herald of Mission News can help on
the work in the N e w Hebrides, are the
following, which we select irom a card that
has been put into our hands :
1. Donations to "The John G. Paton Mis-
sion Fund, whose object is to evangelize
the non-evangelized portions of the N e w
Hebrides.''
2. Subscriptions towards the support of
the Dayspring, the n e w Steam AuxiUary
Mission Ship, for which $5,000 per a n n u m
will be required more than for the old Sail-
ing Vessel. Children and others m a y take
out shaies in the ship—i. e., for her main-
tenance, at the rate of five cents a share
annuaUy.
124 Editorial Notes.

3. Supporting a native Teacher {i. e., This Circle is a three-year Course of sys-
EvangeUst) at the annual cost of thirty tematic reading and study on Missions m
dollars. A European or American mis- all lands, intended for the education of the
sionary on these islands must receive one Church. A certificate of graduation is
thousand dollars annually; and there are given on completion of the Course.
unavoidable outlays. —Literatuee.—The P l e m m g H . Revell
4. Remembering the Missionaries and Coj^pany have requested us to say that
poor Islanders every day at the Throne of ^j^^^ ^^.,^^ received from Bombay, India,
Grace, in loving intercessions to the Lord ^-^^ "Report of the Third Decennial Mission-
Jesus, the Saviour of the worid. ary Conference held at Bombay, 1892-93."
Any offerings that our friends m a y be jj. jg published in two large volumes, con-
disposed to make for this work in the South Gaining in all 854 pages, and may be ob-
Seas, we shall be glad to forward to the j^-j^g^ -j^ ^^.^ quantity at the low price of
treasurer in Glasgow. three doUars net.
— A t the request of Rev. M . L. Gray, ^ -d ui- i.- /.
of LineviUe, la., w e cheerfully call atten- - ^ ^ e Covenanter Publishmg Company,
tion to The Cross-Bearers' Missionary ^^ ^^^^''^^ ^t'^e^*' Allegheny, Pa., have
_, ,. ,^. 1 maUed to this office a little volume of 253
Beading Circle: . , m ,.
pages, entitled, " Tales of the Covenant-
L I T E R A T U R E F O B 1893-4, A S P O L - ers." It is from the pen of Robert Pol-
T OWS• lock, A. M., author of the " Course of
Time,'' and contains three stories beauti-
I. autobiographical. f ^^ i. ia • I. l-j. i.- J-L-
luliy told, intenseiy interesting and rich m
1. M y Missionary Apprenticeship, moral lessons. Parents need not hesitate
Bishop J.M. Thoburn $1 20 ^^ Hi^^^i^^ of this k m d into the
2. The Story of John G. Paton 1 35 , , , ,, . ,.,, , ,
•' hands of their children, and w e most cor-
II. theological. (jjai]y commend it to old and young. The
3. D o o m e d Religions, Rev. J. M . p^ce of this attractive volume is only sixty
Reid, D . D $1 20 cents, or ten copies for five dollars, post-
III. prophetical. age or express charges prepaid. Special
4. The N e w Era, Rev. Josiah Strong, discount wUl be given on lai-ge orders.
— T h e Herald op Mission News wUl have
IV. periodical. qjj exhibition at Synod afinelyexecuted
5. The Missionary Review of the photograph of all the foreign missionaries
Worid, Funk & Wagnalls Co., to C. ^f the Reformed Presbyterian Church
M . R. C. Members $1 50 from 1856 to 1894. This unique picture,
V. financial. which has been already described in these
6. Membership Fee, per annum 50 columns, ought to have a place on the
Rev. M . L. Gray, walls of every Sabbath-school room. The
President. price of this photograph, mounted on card
Rev. Z. M . Williams, A. M., Sec'y, board and ready for framing,'isfour dol-
Gallatin, Missouri. lars.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
June and July, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1894.

O U R VIEWS OF MISSION W O R K .
SELF-SUPPORT IN MISSION home churches that they may be"relieved
CHURCHES.* from an obligation ; and if, as the Church's
Rev. H . C. Mabie, D.D. wealth increases this cry grows louder,
then we must show the Church that it is
Is there not a tendency in our Mission
constituted in order that it may give, even
Churches to unduly rely upon the Mis-
as Christ gives. It is not a matter fof
sionary Societies in the matter of support-
choice, this giving to the heathen world,
ing them after they have come to exist as
from ,which we are ever to be excused; it
Churches of Christ ? There is a famUiar
is to be our habitual exercise. But having
cry often raised in this country, "Why
in mind the missionary work itself, for the
don't you develop your Mission Churches in
sake of our Mission Churches which are so
the matter of self-support more rapidly ?"
dear to us, we do nevertheless need to de-
Is there any basis for this cry ? And what
velop them in the matter of self-support.
do we mean by self-support ?
If by this term is meant that we are to
If by this term it is implied that in the
so handle the disciples gathered out of
near future we are to look for a period
heathenism into churches as that they shall
when the churches in this country may ex-
in time relieve our Mission Boards so that
pect to be excused from contributing to
they may give attention to others more
work of this kind on Missionfields,I do
needy, we shall all agree that we need to
not know that we can afford them much
develop such self-support. It is of the ut-
encouragement. Is it not constitutional
most importance that at the very beginning
to the Church of Christ that it be ever
of our dealing with these converts we
more a giver, pre-eminently a giver ? As
should shut off unjustifiable expectation
one portion of mankind is a receiver to a
on their part. If by self-support is meant
larger degree than another, that portion that these disciples from the start are to so
must be to the same degree a giver. Surely value Christ and Christianity as that they
the very Spirit of Christ dwelling within the shall make it foremost in their living and
soul requires of the Christian that he im- in their business to support and sustain
part in the same measure tbat he has them because. of their intrinsic worth and
received. "Freely ye have received; freely because their own welfare wUl be thus best
give." If, therefore, the cry for self-sup- secured, then we ought to urge self-sup-
port is simply a cry on the part of the port. I know that the plea is often put

* Bead at a Missionary Conference in New TcrTc, lS9h. forth on Mission soil that the poverty is so
126 Our Views of Mission Work.
great. Tbere is, however, no reason w h y
the poorest of Christ's children, if, indeed,
they have the Spirit of Christ, should not
from the very beginning be led to feel that
they are to contribute to the maintenance
of the new worship and service. If by
self-support w e mean that every convert
from heathenism, certainly every church
that is gathered out of heathenism, is to
contribute toward the salvation of others,
surely it is fundamental that w e encourage
self-support. Is it not true that a m a n is
never half saved until he becomes instru-
mentally the saviour of others ? If so, then
from the beginning w e should so train
these native Christians as that when they
have received grace.they shall at once look
for another to w h o m to communicate that
grace; yea, that of their substance also
they shall Uke'wise give in order that the
benefits they value m a y be passed on to
others.
O n this occasion I a m asked to deal
merely with the importance of this training
in self-support. H o w important is it ? I
answer:
(1). It is so important that w e can have
but little confidence in the reality of the
work accomplished in the soul of the con-
vert unless the tendency to self-support
shows itself. If w e are to be satisfied that
a real cbange has taken place in the con-
vert, which is of God, a tendency should
be manifest on the part of the disciple not
only to contribute of his substance, but to
do so to the point of real sacrifice. This
will increase his own confidence and that
of his fellows in the reality of his
Christianization. F r o m the m o m e n t of
conversion the missionary has a right to
expect the exhibition ot this spirit of
generosity toward others. T h e missionary
w h o pampers or indulges the convert at
this point will poison his very blood. I
dare say it has been as noticeable to other
denominations as it has been to our own
during the past year, that from the many
people w h o have come from other lands to
ours to attend the World's Fair, the num-
ber of natives asking to be sent back by
Mission Boards to inaugurate this or that
scheme of Mission work has been remark-
ably large. N o t long since, a m a n came to
our rooms, w h o had previously applied to
other Boards, and had been found wanting,
asking that our Board encourage his bap-
tism, put him through a course of educa-
tion, and give him assurance that w e would
ultimately send him back and support him
as a missionary in his o w n country, where
w e have heretofore had no work, and have
no thought of estabUshing any. H e took
it for granted that because w e were, for-
sooth, a benevolent institution, w e should
set him up in a career. N o w , if we were
to yield to such a state of mind in the
initial step, either in this country or on the
Missionfieldsthemselves, not only should
w e be duped, but w e would encourage a
vicious influence in the lives of sueh
adventurers.
(2). Then again, if w e do not develop
the idea and habit of self-support, we are
likely to widen the chasm between heathen
peoples a n d our Missionary Agencies
instead of closing it. Suppose w e under-
take the work, as a rule, of supporting
these churches, building their chapels,
school-houses, etc., etc., w e thereby en-
courage two evils. First, we encourage
our missionaries with funds raised in the
h o m e land, to put an American or semi-
European institution in their midst, which
depresses rather than stimulates them; it
 Our Views of Mission Work. 127

is by no means certain that such an impor- root of m u c h of the hatred of foreigners

tation will do them the good intended. existing both in Japan and China is a great
A n d secondly, w e take away from the and natural dread of m u c h which is n o w
native the motive to make the most of being introduced into these countries, in-
what he has, or to achieve that which is cluding too costly chapels and other foreign
easily within his o w n reach. Let the buUdings, which they see no hope of being
native of his own resources, and according able themselves to maintain and multiply.
to his growing ideals, root his work in his So, from sheer fear they shrink back from
own soil; let him build his chapel and this forei^nism into old custom and habit,
school-house 'with materials and resources and say, "Japan for the Japanese "; " China
which his o w n country furnishes and will for the Chinese "; " These things will do
appreciate. for the foreigner, but they are not adapted
Visiting our Karen Mission in B u r m a h to us,''
three years ago, I found scores of bamboo (3). Further, there is danger in certain
chapels built in native style, always the cases of doing injury to our missionaries
best buildings in the village, and admir- themselves, by supplying funds which
ablyfittedfor their purpose. I could see natives would better secure on their o w n
no real reason w h y more expensive build- grounds. D o w e not all k n o w of such an
ings of teak or stone would have been more instance as this ? A missionary going for
effective. Their o w n houses, in which they thefirsttime to afield,after he has taken
dwelt, were of b a m b o o ; the climate and a look about him, and has come to realize
other conditions favored suoh buildings. A h o w far he is from home, exhibiting an in-
foreign, modern structure of American pat- clination to reason, and often to write,
tern, in m y judgment, in most cases, would " Here I a m alone, but what can one per-
have embarrassed rather than helped the son do among these myriad heathen, and
situation. B y way of contrast to what what can I do with these limited resources
prevails in Burmah, however, I m a y refer which the Mission Board has given m e ? "
to a single chapel which I saw in another W o u l d it not seem a truer thing for such
field in a Chinese city. This was built with an one to say, "I a m not here to chase
funds raised in this country—not a large away the limitless darkness, but I a m here
amount—but the front of that chapel to hold aloft m y single light, to illumine a
resembled a Greek temple more than it did limitedfield,and I a m to find m y joy and
a Chinese buUding. It has a pillared, gratification in the consciousness that
Doric front. In the eyes of a Chinaman it I do it in Christ's n a m e — a s if I were
is a monstrosity. H e asks, " W h a t in the Christ" ? N o m a n is responsible for the
world is that portico ? " outlying gloom that he cannot banish.
The missionary would do a service to the The Missionary Society m a y transport
people among w h o m he labors if, instead of their representative to hisfield,give him a
encouraging a structure of that kind, he stipend for his support, house, and other-
would stimulate the natives to build that wise equip him; but unless he acquires
which their taste could approve and their freedom and joy in imparting his o w n
means afford. I verily believe that at the blessing, despite all his outward limita-
128 Our Views of Mission
tions, there will be a sad curtailment of
what is expected of him. It is what the
missionary carries within himself in his o w n
personality, a personality charged with
the divine life and joy, yearning to impart
to others what he himself has experienced,
that constitutes his chief benefaction to the
heathen. N o w if, in lieu of this, w e en-
courage m e n to expect that w e will put
artificial props under them, there is danger
that the tendency alluded to will increase,
to fall back upon merely h u m a n resources
andfinancialsupports, and accordingly fail
to look diligently for the possibilities that
are within the people to w h o m they go, and
above all, to look to God, the source and
support of all.
(4). Then there is danger that w e should
give currency to the scandal which evil
praters have started, m u c h circulated in the
Eastern world, that m a n y of our Christians
are merely " rice " Christians. I need not
dwell on this. I have but little patience
with this slander; and yet w e cannot
wholly ignore it. Doubtless these Secre-
taries of the various Boards have lately
received an appeal from India, in which is
voiced the complaint of the so-called
"National Ohurch," that the sentiment is
abroad that multitudes of Christians in
India are being unduly supported by
funds from this country and England, and
that therefore the high-minded native
Christians themselves see the need of doing
their utmost to remove that scandal from
the coming church in India. They beg of
our Boards that w e will reconsider the bear-
ing at least of some of our relations to our
native churches, so that in this matter the
very appearance of evil m a y be avoided.
(5). A n dfinally,this matter of self-sup-
port is so important, that unless there is in
the future considerable modification of our
Work.
methods, so that w e shall unequivocally
foster it, there is grave danger that we
shall undermine the confidence of m a n y of
our thoughtful a n d inteUigent contributors
a n d supporters of the cause in our own
country, both a m o n g the ministry and the
laity. These are days of wide travel; we
all stand nearer to the work than formerly,
They are days w h e n wise comparison of
view is possible. Hitherto in the vastness
of thefieldthe work has thus far only been
experimental. But n o w that our wise and
capable business m e n are visiting Japan,
China and India, they are studying these
matters for themselves, and together with
ourselves they raise the question which, as
missionary secretaries, w e have often
raised before them, whether or not in our
first sympathy for the poor and suffering
and benighted peoples, w e m a y not have
injured rather than enhanced their futui'e
well-being by allowing them to depend
over-much upon foreign bounty. W e are
always to remember, are w e not, that, after
all, our work is to carry Christiamty rather
than Americanism, that w e are to bear the
seeds rather than the fruits of Christian
civilization to these peoples, and that we
ought not to be expected to do for them
what they can more wisely do for them-
selves.
In short, that just as in rearing a child,
w e must in the early stages of its life
nurse it, carry it, and care for it, yet later
w e must teach the child to trust its o'wn
feet, even at the expense of a few falls;
thus developing its o w n self-reliance and
manly strength, till at length it wUl be able
to help and nurture others,—even so must
w e do with the infant churches of Christ
so dear to His heart and to ours in all
these Mission lands.
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
ITEMS OF MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE.
REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON
MISSIONS.
The Committee on Missions respectfully
report that the following papers have
been referred to us :
1. Report of the Board of Poreign Mis-
sions.
2. Report of Central Board of Missions.
3. Items 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 and 10 of the Re-
port of the Missionary Conference.
4. Resolution of Dr. Metheny, as to ap-
pointment of missionaries to China.
5. Items from the Report of the Presby-
tery of Colorado as to work a m o n g the
Chinese at Seattle.
6. Request of the W o m e n ' s Missionary
Society of Pittsburgh Presbytery as to
Industrial School at Selma.
Our people will find m u c h in the reports
of the Mission Boards to interest and en-
courage them, if they will carefully study
them. Special attention should be given
to the call of the Foreign Mission Board
for money for the improvement of Mission
buildings in Suadia. It is very discourag-
ing to the missionaries and most discredit-
able to the Church at home, when, after
they had given up all to serve the Church,
they have to plead and beg for the ordinary
facilities for carrying on their work, and
then have their request delayed or even
refused. W e give m a n y a pledge to our
missionaries departing to foreign fields,
which w e very imperfectly fulfill.
The reports brought by Dr. Metheny of
the persistent and successful attacks upon
our Missions by its relentless and unscru-
pulous foe, the Turkish Government,
should awaken the whole Church to un-
ceasing prayer and call forth every effort
129
to arouse our Government to interpose for
the protection of our missionaries in their
rights. Let them be assured that the
story of their trials and sufferings, move
all our hearts to sympathy and strengthen
the bonds of our affection towards them.
The Report of the Central Board is most
encouraging in m a n y directions. T h e
Domestic Mission has grown wonderfully
in extent and efficiency. T h e record of
the year's work, in securing church build-
ings, in the settlement of pastors, in regu-
lar dispensation of ordinances, in vigorous
prosecution of congregational work, in
Sabbath-schools and young people's socie-
ties, resulting in m a n y encouraging acces-
sions to the Church, marks a progress that
will cause the Church to sing for joy. T h e
great success which has crowned the ef-
forts to plant congregations in Kansas
City, Topeka, L a Junta, Denver and Seat-
tle, should arouse the Church to enthu-
siasm in boldly planting the Covenanter
standard in every important center through-
out our land.
The Report of the Southern Mission is
full of hopefulness. At last our streets
there are " free from complaints.'' T h e
work of building up an industrial depart-
ment in connection with the Selma School,
should receive prompt and generous aid.
Mr. Picken's work at Pleasant Grove has
had good success.
The Chinese Mission reports good ac-
cessions in the face of m u c h opposition.
A n average attendance of twenty-one
seems rather meagre out of an enrollment
of 110 scholars, seventeen of w h o m are
members of the Church. T h e Board ex-
plains the smallness of the average attend-
130 Items of Missionary InteUigence.
ance by the fact that, owing to the anti-
Chinese legislation and other causes of a
local nature, the scholars frequently change
their place of residence, so that they can-
not attend with regularity. This Mission
has no representative on the floor of
Synod, while all the other Missions have.
Several of our ministers w h o have visited
the Mission during the year could be heard
in behalf of its claims.
The Indian Mission continues to re-
ceive signal marks of the Divine favor.
The prospect that very soon a number of
converted Indians will be admitted to the
full communion of the Church permits our
faithful missionaries tbeie to enter into the
joy of the Lord, where H e sees of the
travail of His soul and is satisfied. W e
learn from sources outside of the report
that plans are being rapidly matured for
enlarging the work. Let the Church con-
tinue to keep the treasury of the Indian
Mission full.
The Report of the Missionary Conference
brought before the Committees the sub-
ject of a Jewish Mission. The fact is that
the work has here already been inaugurated.
The Rev. J. C Smith has opened a Jew-
ish Mission in connection with his pastoral
charge in Cincinnati, and Mr. Louis Meyer,
an educated Hebrew, has believed in
Jesus and united with our Churoh. The
Rev. J. C. McFeeters and his people have
entered upon a' similar work among the
Jews in PhUadelphia. They expect to
have the services of Mr. Moses Greenberg,
now prosecuting his studies in the Semin-
ary. Our beloved missionary. Dr. Metheny,
w h o was God's instrument in leadino- Mr.
Greenberg to Christ, with characteristic
devotion, has secured a suitable building
in PhUadelphia and tenders it free of rent
for the use of this Mission. With these
facts before us there is no mistaking the
call of the Lord to go forward. T w o He-
brew missionaries are ready to begin
labor a m o n g their o w n people. Two
splendid fields are open before us. Two
pastors and three congregations have
seized the opportunity and entered the
open doors. But the work is too great for
them, and n o w the Church is asked to
make the arms of their hands strong by
placing her strong arms underneath
them.
The Board of Poreign Missions reports
that " there is money on hand for the es-
tablishing of a mission in China, but no
response has been m a d e to repeated calls
for volunteers." The Resolution of Dr.
Metheny comes to tbe aid of the Board "by
making choice of one or two ministers, and
one physician, to go as your missionary to
China." Your Committee are of the
opinion that missionaries should be chosen
and called to this work by the Chm-ch.
The item referred to as from the Ke-
port of Colorado Presbytery is as follows:
" That after careful investigation of the
openings for work ou the Coast, we wonld
respectfully ask Synod if the Chinese
Mission F u n d might not be so divided as
to assist congregations on the Coast in
conducting Chinese Missions.''
A s the Chinese fund shows a balance of
nearly $2,000, it seems possible to render
aid to weak Mission congregations who
undertake labor a m o n g the Chinese and
when the -work grows beyond their strength.
W e therefore submit a recommendation to
this effect.
In the other items referred to as from
the Report of the Conference on Missions,
the suggestions are all approved and em-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
braced in the recommendations of this re-
port. W e recommend:
1. That Synod, in behalf of the whole
Church, expresses its appreciation of the
faithful and wise endeavors of our Mission
Boards in supervising and directing this
great department of our Church work, and
of the devoted labors of our missionaries in
home and foreignfields,and especiaUy w e
would convey to our afflicted brethren in
Asia Minor and Syria the deep sympathy of
all our people in their present sore trials
and discouragements.
2. That the Synod having received in-
formation that there are those among our
young ministers w h o are wUling to under-
take the work in the Poreign Field if satis-
fied that they are called thereto by the
Church's Head, at onoe go forward in the
choice of two ministers to be sent out as
the Church's missionaries to China.
3. That the Church enter upon the found-
ing of a Jewish Mission. That the s u m of
$1,000 be appropriated for this purpose,
and a day appointed for the offering to be
made and the contributions placed in the
hands of the Treasurer of the Central
Board of Missions to be disbursed under
direction of that Board; that for the pres-
ent year the management ot the Missions
already inaugurated be left in hands of
the pastors and sessions having them in
charge, with instructions to present their
needs to the Central Board.
4. That the weak congregations on the
Pacific Coast engaged in Chinese work and
needing assistance be instructed to submit
their plans to the Central Board of Mis-
sions, and that this Board be authorized to
make such appropriation for their aid as
their judgment approves, out of the Chinese
Mission funds.
131
5. That the congregations of Mononga-
hela and McKeesport, of Pittsburg Presby-
tery; of Muskingum and Tomica, Ohio
Presbytery, and Elliota, of Iowa Presbytery,
be placed under care of the Central Board.
6. That the Central Board be authorized
to take steps to start a Mission in Chicago,
and at any other influential center where
they find an opening and can c o m m a n d the
means necessary.
7. That the request of the Women's
Missionary Society of Pittsburg Presbytery
be granted, and that the industrial school
in connection with the Southern Mission
be commended to the Sabbath-schools of
the Church as their special work for this
year.
8. That H. H . George be added to the
Central Board of Missions.
R. J. George, Chairman.
REPORT OF FOREIGN MISSION
BOARD.
It is with devout gratitude to the Re-
deemer and Head of the Church that w e
review the work of our Foreign Missions.
The work has been measurably successful,
amid opposition that evidently contem-
plates its ultimate defeat. The Turkish
authorities begun on the outskirts years
ago and are gradually working towards the
center, with the slightly disguised pur-
pose of driving all Christian missionaries
out of the empire.
Syria.—Beginning with the work in
Syria, w e are able to say that the Gospel
has been preached without any interrup-
tion in Latakia and Suadia, and occasion-
ally in the outlying districts. There are at
present on the roll of native communicants
198 names. Of these 75 are in Latakia
and 16 in Suadia, 27 in Al-dainey, which lies
132 Items of 3Iissionary InteUigence.
some twenty miles directly east of Latakia,
14 in Jendairia, 51 in Gunaimia and
nine in Inkzik, situated respectively
about nine, twenty-seven and thirty-five
miles northeast of the city, and six in
Metn, some forty-five miles to the
south. These native members have al-
ways shown themselves loyal to their
profession, except in Gunaimia, where
some time ago a number were found to
have imbibed Plymouth heresies, which
threatened to destroy the very existence of
the organization, and naturally occasioned
a good deal of anxiety. The teacher, how-
ever, w h o introduced these errors and
unsettled the faith of many, a rather brill-
iant speaker and very popular in the com-
munity, was promptly dismissed from the
service of the Mission and has left the
place. At the administration of the Lord's
Supper in March, all the members of the
congregation, w h o were not kept away by
ill health, attended the services. But none
who were unwilling to renounce their
errors and renew their promises of obedi-
ence to the authority of the Church were
allowed to commune. It is hoped that by
careful instruction and a wise exercise of
discipline, the evil effects of this unscrip-
tural teaching will soon pass away.
The various outstations have been
visited regularly during the year by one of
the licentiates. Six teachers have also
been employed as evangelists in villages
where the schools have been closed.
In Latakia there were two schools in
successful operation. The Girls' School,
which is in charge of Miss Mattie R.
Wylie and employs one male and four
female teachers, reports 57 boarding and
40 day pupUs. The Boys' School, which
is under the immediate supervision of Rev.
Jas. S. Stewart and employs five teachers,
including two of the licentiates, reports 37
boarding and 85 day pupils. The buUd-
ing in which the school has its home was
completed in October, '93, and occupied
at once. It is said to be admirably adapted
for sohool purposes.
This department of our work has been
carried on without any interference on the
part of the authorities.
There were also two schools at work in
Suadia. The school for boys is under the
personal oversight of the resident mis-
sionary. Rev. J. Boggs Dodds. Owing to
an official order, prohibiting the FeUaheen,
under heavy penalties, from sending their
children, it was feared at one time that
the attendance would be m u c h smaller than
usual. But the old pupUs gradually re-
turned and some n e w ones were received,
enabling the Mission to report 28 day
pupils and 18 boarders, a larger number
than was under instruction the previous
year.
T h e Girls' School, with its 12 pupils,
one-half of w h o m were boarders, is still
in charge of Miss Meta Cunningham, who
receives her salary from the Joint Com-
mittee of the Irish and Scotch Churches.
Ever since she became connected with our
Mission, Miss Cunningham has given
abundant proof of loyalty to the work.
Hitherto she has drawn largely upon her
o w n resources for expenses connected with
this school, and has besides made many
liberal contributions towards the general
work in this field. Very recently, for in-
stance, she donated $75 (£15 stg.) to build
a wall, that seemed to be necessary, from the
street to the Upper House on the Mission
premises. T h e Board, however, wiU here-
after m a k e a small appropriation for the
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 133

Girls' School, that a larger number of funds are supplied during the winter, begin
pupils m a y be received and thus enable the work early in the spring of next year.
Miss Cunningham to extend her influence The only places outside of these centers
and increase the value of this department of operation, in which schools are yet open,
of our missionary operations. are in the extreme southern part of the
The alterations in the L o w e r House have field, where three schools were at work
been completed according to the plans sub- during the year with an aggregate attend-
mitted to the Board. But only about two- ance of 12 girls and 72 boys.
thirds of the money needed to reimburse The medical work in Syria has been en-
the Treasury for its advance loan of fifteen larged by the settlement of Dr. W . M .
hundred dollars has been secured in re- Moore in Suadia, last October. Dr. Balph,
sponse to our circular appeal. W e hope of Latakia, w e are told, has held clinics
there will be no unnecessary delay in fur- regularly, as in previous years, two or three
nishing the balance. In this connection times a week, at which there are always re-
special and grateful acknowledgment is ligious services. W e m a y be sure that these
made of seventy-five dollars (£15 stg.), re- brethren will not let slip any opportunity
ceived through Miss Cunningham for this of addressing those with w h o m they come
purpose from the W o m e n ' s Missionary So- in contact as physicians in regard to the
ciety, College Street South, Belfast, Ireland, disease of sin and the only source of spirit-
and other friends. While w e most cordially ual healing.
thank our friends in the British Isles for Asia Minor.—According to the Annual
their unsolicited donations and will always Statement of Tarsus Mission, the work in
welcome them as fellow-laborers, it is clearly Asia Minor has been carried forward with
understood that what they give can never a good measure of success in the face of
be used as a foundation for any claim to a seemingly insurmountable obstacles. The
controlling interest in our missionary prop- Sacrament of the Supper was administered
erty or for any voice in the administration once during the year " before a large con-
of our missionary affairs. gregation of interested spectators.'' O n
The brethren in Suadia are very anxious that occasion eleven were received into the
to have certain alterations m a d e in the U p - feUowship of the Church, and subsequently
per House this year. The estimated cost a Fellaha, a girl trained in the Boarding
of the proposed improvements in the build- Schoo], was baptized and admitted to full
iog is $1,500, and w e gladly lay their appU- privUeges. The attendance at public wor-
cation before Synod. W h U e the Board ship in Mersine has been larger than in
believes tbat the changes and additions previous years, though there has been a
asked for are necessary for the comfort and marked decrease in the number of inquirers.
convenience of the two famUies, w e do not Both in Adana and Tarsus evangelists have
care, in the presentfinancialcondition of the been at work, m e n w h o are described as
country, to press the undertaking of the capable and faithful and as having labored
work immediately. W e ask Synod, how- " wisely and dUigently in proclaiming the
ever, for permission to bring the matter to W o r d of Truth."
the attention of tbe churches, and if the T h e leading schools are in Mersine: a
134 Items of Missiotiary Intelligence.
Girls' Boarding School, with 42 pupils and
employing three teachers, and a Boys'
Boarding School, with 30 pupils and em-
ploying two teachers. There is also a
mixed school in the northern part of the
town. " During thefirsthalf of the year
there were 75 pupUs in attendance, repre-
•senting four Christian sects and Fella-
heen," with a few Moslems. During the
second half of the year there were 30, and
for a part of the year there were two small
schools among the Fellaheen in vUlages
not far from Tarsus.
T h e work in this field has been and is
seriously impeded by acts of repression and
violence on the part of Ottoman officials, in
direct violation of the Imperial School L a w
as well as of Treaty stipulations. T h e
famous General Order of January 1,
1892, by which the Turkish Government
hoped to modify the School L a w , was re-
scinded by the Signatory Powers, w h o re-
fused to allow any change in the provisions
of the old law to be even discussed without
their consent. T o a deputation w h o waited
upon the British Ambassador in regard to
this matter and asked for an official deliver-
ance, he said, among other things: " N o
school (British) can be closed for any
reasons whatever except with the consent
of H . B. M.'s Embassy" ; and again, " Mis-
sionaries cannot be required to refuse Mos-
lems applying for admission to their
schools," and the U. 8. Minister to Tur-
key took virtually the same ground when
he insisted that American missionaries
could not be required to do police service.
If Sir Clare Ford was correct in his inter-
pretation of existing Treaty obligations,
then Dr. Metheny is right when he asks, in
the admirable paper that he recently ad-
dressed to the Evangelical AUiance in Lon-
don, that he and his associates in missionary
work should not be " prevented from the
full enjoyment and exercise of all that is
guaranteed to them in the practice of their
missionary callings, and that the people
should not thus arbitrarily be prevented
from availing themselves of the very advan-
tages for which the Treaties were framed."
T h e case of Zahara and Sophia, daugh-
ters of Ibraheem al Misree, w h o m Dr.
Metheny has manfully refused to turn out
of his school at the bidding of Turkish
officials, is in point. It has already come to
the notice of the American Government, and
it will be pressed by the EvangeUcal Al-
liance upon the attention of the great
Powers of Europe. These girls themselves
have appealed to the British Cabinet, basing
their appeal upon the Hatti Hamayoun,
Treaty of Paris, 1856, and closing it with
the touching words: " It is exceedingly
abhorrent to our feelings as Christians to
be forced into an harem, especially when
the relations there would be incestuous.
W e appeal to you to save us this shame for
the sake of Christ."
But the Board prefers that you should
hear this story from the lips of our senior
missionary himself. It is too long to em-
body in a report; and besides, their appeal
to the British Government, as well as Dr.
Metheny's presentation of the facts to the
Alliance, and all the official correspondence,
will be published as soon as possible for
the information of the Churches.
Cyprus.—Little need be said respecting
the work in Cyprus. Dr. Arthur Foster,
w h o was commissioned as medical mission-
ary to the Island last year, intimated in a
letter dated February 23d that he wished
to return home, adding in a closing N. B.:
" I will not stay here n o w under any cir.
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
cumstances." This informal resignation
was accepted and arrangements were
promptly m a d e for the transportation of
himself and family to this country. They
arrived at N e w York on Sabbath, the 20th
of May.
Dr. Foster has been notified that he will
be required to refund Traveling expenses as
well as outfit allowance, the Board agree-
ing to buy at a fair valuation any articles
of household furniture that are in a usable
condition and carefuUy stored in the chapel
at Larnaca. The brethren at Mersine w h o
have been intrusted with the oversight of
the work on the Island, report that our
Licentiate Daoud Saade continues to
preach, not to so large audiences as for-
merly, but with the same earnestness and
fidelity. The interests of the Mission,
however, demand the immediate appoint-
ment of an ordained minister and a thor-
oughly qualified physician, whose voices
shall speak for Christ and whose con-
secrated lives shall impress the community
in favor of Christianity. The young peo-
ple, who have agreed to pay the salary of
a minister for a term of years, are offering
daUy prayer that G o d would raise up,
qualify and send forth a m a n whose labors
H e wUl o w n and bless to the conversion of
Cyprus.
China.—Nothing has been done toward
the establishing of a Mission in China.
There is money in hand to begin the work,
but no response has yet been m a d e to
repeated calls for volunteers.
Working Force.—There were employed
in our foreignfieldsduring the year:
4 ordained ministers, one of w h o m is a
physician;
2 medical missionaries;
7 ladies, two of w h o m are n o w in this
country on leave of absence;
135
5 native licentiates ;
9 native evangelists;
1 native colporteur ; and
22 native teachers, male and female.
It is very gratifying to have the testi-
m o n y of impartial witnesses to the effi-
ciency of this working force. In the spring
of 1893 Rev. G. D. Mathews, D.D., Gen-
eral Secretary of the Alliance of Reformed
Churches, traveling in the interests of for-
eign missionary work, spent several weeks
in Syria and Asia Minor. H e writes: " I
had ample opportunities for examining all
the work in Latakia. I was able to
examine very carefully every class in the
different schools, and was greatly pleased
with the correctness and quickness of the
answering. Indeed when one recollects
h o w rarely these children ever see a
stranger, the way in which they answered
tells an interesting tale of the labors and
faithfulness of the teachers. . . . I
was greatly pleased with all I saw and
heard in Mersine. . . . The zeal and
energy of your agent in Cyprus would
make a success in any place, if success be
possible. I think you are highly favored
in your representative there." This visit
of Dr. Mathews was peculiarly encourag-
ing to the brethren in thesefields,and it
has resulted in bringing to the Board m u c h
information that will be of permanent
value. Nor must w e overlook his hearty
co-operation with Dr. Metheny when in
London recently, seeking to reach the
British Government with his story of
Turkish disregard to Treaty obligations.
Finances.—A few financial items claim
attention. In the Report of the Com-
mittee of Finance for 1892 (see Minutes of
Synod, p. 256) is this resolution: " W e
recommend that the Nancy He'witt Bequest
be divided so that $2,000 of the bequest be
136 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

placed in the current expense of the societies, and individual donations, the four
Domestic and Poreign Missions respec- ordinary channels of income; and an
tively, to be available for this year; and increase in tke current expenses occasioned
that the balance be a reserve in the same by sending out n e w missionaries, which
funds for future use." A question having meant an unusually large outlay for travel-
arisen as to the disposition of this balance. ing expenses, and a permanent increase in
Synod's Board of Trustees directed its the single item of salaries. In our last
payment to our Treasurer, with an agree- Report these facts were clearly stated and
ment that the matter should be again reiterated in a circular issued specially to
referred to Synod. Our opinion is that remind the churches. Instead of receiving
Synod intended half of this reserve fund the full appropriation of $15,000 in plate
to be in our Treasury and at our o w n collections, only a few dollars over half
disposal in the future. that amount has been paid into the
The s u m of three hundred doUars ($300) Treasury. T h e young womem- of the
has been received from the estate of Rev. Church have contributed $698.97 towards
D. McKee, late of Clarinda, Iowa, through the salary of their missionary. Dr. W . M.
his widow, Mrs. M . E . M c K e e , with the Moore, and expect to do better in the
request that Synod determine the final future. T h e ministers have paid $694
disposal of this bequest. towards the support of their missionary.
The Treasurer has also received a Rev. J. Boggs Dodds, or within $106 ot
bequest to the Poreign Missions of the his full salary. T h e elders have sent ns
Reformed Presbyterian Church from the $110.05, a little more than one-fifth of what
estate of Mrs. A n n Spence, deceased, relict is needed to give them a representative in
of James Spence, both of w h o m were m e m - the field.
bers of the First Congregation in N e w T h e full appropriation asked for is
York City. It yields eighteen hundred needed, and ifc could be raised even in these
and forty-one dollars and seventy-six cents days of business depression, if .the friends
($1,841.76), and although there is no of the work would only take time to think
restriction as to its use, Synod is asked for of their individual responsibility in the
instruction. matter.
The Board, however, recommend that Respectfully submitted.
both of these bequests be paid into the In the n a m e of the Board,
current expense fund. At the close of the R. M . Sommer'ville,
fiscal year in April the expenditures had Corresponding Secretary.
exceeded the receipts from all sources
$6,115.36. Deducting the balance reported ANNUAL STATEMENT OF SYEIAN
at the corresponding date last year, you MISSION.
will find that the Treasury was then over- Latakia, March 13, 1894.
drawn $1,792.62. There is a double reason T o the B o a r d of Foreign Missions:
for this deficiency: A large falling off in Dear Fathers and Brethren : Through
congregational collections, the contribu- the mercy of our covenant God we are
tions of Sabbath-schools and missionary spared to lay before you another annual
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
statenaent of the progress and condition
of Mission work in this field.
You will remember that at the time of
our last report Rev. J. B. D o d d s and wife
were already in Latakia. During the
month of M a y they removed to Suadia,
whither they were followed in November by
the family of Dr. W . M . Moore. Miss
Lizzie McNaughton was also added to the
force of workers in Latakia. Dr. Balph was
called to part with his children and accom-
panied them as far as Liverpool, on their
way to the United States to be cared for
and educated.
The family of Rev. Stewart was called
to mourning by the death of their second
son, Alvin, aged nearly four years.
W e need not try to conceal the fact that
there have been m a n y diseouragments.
Not a single school remains open among
the Ansairia. In m a n y of the villages
where our schools were situated, the study
of the Koran has taken the place of the
study of the Bible and Catechisms. In
Suadia the Ansairia children were ordered
to withdraw from our school, which they did,
although some of them afterwards returned.
W e feared that the same order would be
given in Latakia, but are glad to report
that such has not been the case. W e need
not repeat the story of the imprisonment
of our teachers and our anxiety with regard
to them and their families. It is true that
none of them suffered very great hardships,
but only the Master knew the end from the
beginning.
During the first half of the year our
native brethren in the mountains were
afraid to have us visit them in their homes
or hold religious services a m o n g them, lest
they sbould be suspected of being in our
employ and teaching secretly.
137
The Mission property in Eldaney is in
ruins, because no family dared to occupy
the buildings for us and care for them.
W e are trying to bring the offending
parties to justice, and also to secure the
restoration of the buildings to their former
condition.
The Plymouth heresy has] shaken the
loyalty of m a n y of our members in Gun-
aimia ; but w e hope by sound teaching and
faithful dealing to retain most if not all of
them in the Church. They were afraid to
meet for communion services during the
early part of the year, and then they were
found to be so divided and unsettled that
it was thought best to postpone the com-
munion still longer. Only two commun-
ions have been held this year, one at
Latakia, at which there were two acces-
sions, and the other at Suadia. Fourteen
native children have been baptized. There
has been preaching every Sabbath in Lata-
kia and Suadia, and occasionally in the other
preaching stations.
Of the five licentiates one has been un-
employed ; three engaged regularly in
teaching; and but one in visiting the
stations and preaching regularly.
T h e evangelist in Suadia has of late
given about half his time to teaching the
missionaries.
Three m e n w h o were formerly teachers
are retained in their places to conduct the
Sabbath meetings and do whatever Gospel
work seems possible. T w o others were
employed for about three months in the
summer as Bible readers, but were discon-
tinued because w e could not oversee their
work nor report it as satisfactory.
The Latakia colporteur reports the sale
of 82 Bibles ;
19 copies of N e w Testament;
138 Items of Missionary InteUigence.
13 copies of the four Gospels and Acts;
80 copies of the Gospel by Matthew.
M u c h of the time of the missionaries
during the summer vacation was taken up
with building operations in both Suadia
and Latakia, and although there was m u c h
opposition, everything that was under-
taken in this line was carried through
successfully, through the good hand of our
G o d upon us.
Taking it all in all the year has been not
only a peculiarly trying one, but also an
extremely busy one for the missionaries.
N o one has been idle, and yet on every
hand lies work that w e cannot possibly find
time to'accomplish.
W e have enjoyed helpful visits from
Miss Sarah Lynd, of the Damascus Pres-
byterian Mission, Rev. Nelson and Dr.
Harris, of the Tripolifield,and last, but
not least, from Rev. G. D. Mathews, D.D.,
General Secretary of the Presbyterian
Alliance, in company with his daughter,
traveling in the interests of Foreign Mis-
sion work. Dr. Mathews conld not have
entered more heartily into our plans and
our trials had he been a member of our
o w n Board. Both he and his daughter
have found a very warm place in our hearts.
W e desire here to acknowledge the
receipt of £10 sterling from the Bible
Lands Missions' Aid Society, for the gen-
eral work.
It is well known that the Boys' School
of Latakia has heretofore had no perma-
nent location. A n important step has been
gained in the erection of a buikling
intended to be the h o m e of this school and
of the missionary family in charge. The
dwelling has been occupied since Novem-
ber, 1892, but the school part was not
ready untU October 1, 1893. There was
fear lest w e should not be permitted to use
the building for school purposes, but God,
w h o puts d o w n one ruler and sets another
up, graciously prepared the way for us, and
the school entered its new quarters Octo-
ber 2d, and has not since suffered the
shghtest molestation. The Boarding and
Day Schools were united similarly to those
of the girls. There are at present 37
boarders (all the dormitory will accommo-
date), and 85 day pupils. T w o of the
boarding boys m a d e a public profession at
our last communion.
One room of the school isfittedup as a
reading-room and library. It is open to
all young men, but specially intended for
the advanced pupils, and our own young
people w h o have few books and few oppor-
tunities for spending their evenings profit-
ably. The use so far made of the room
has been quite encouraging. There is very
little demand for EngUsh books, perhaps
more for French, but chiefly for Arabic.
More than 200 volumes are already on the
shelves, while on the table are to be found
two large Bibles, a variety of weekly
papers, and a monthly scientific journal.
B y way of vaiiety coffee is sometimes served
free of charge. The librarian is one of the
teachers employed in the school. The
money to furnish this room has been gath-
ered from pripate som-ces. Special men-
tion should be m a d e of the contributions
of a few of our native teachers. Dr.
Mathews, Mrs. H u g h O'NeiU and Miss
Wylie, on behalf of her brother. Rev. J. H.
Wylie, deceased.
The Latakia Girls' School continues
under the superintendence of Miss Wylie,
assisted by Misses Edgai- and McNaughton.
A new room was added to the buUdmg
during the summer, to be used as a sick
 Items of Missionary InteUigence. 139
room, and is a very great convenience. 5. Decrease of Communicants 6
The number of boarders this year is 57, and By Certificate 2
of day pupils 40. Death 1
Outside of Latakia and Suadia the only Purging roll 3
other schools now open are that of Metn 6. No. OF Employes 36
for boys and girls, and of Tartous and of Licentiates (1 not employed).. 5
Soda for boys. Evangelists 6
The medical work in Latakia has been Colporteur 1
Teachers, Female 6
conducted as formerly. Regular clinics
Male 10
have been held from two to three times a General Agent 1
week, at all of which religious services School Servants 8
have been held. The number of visits 7. No. OF Schools 12
made was 425; the number of prescriptions Boarding, Girls' 2
filled, 3,400. The amount of cash received " Boys' 2
for medicines and medical attendance, Day, " 5
4,557 piasters, including 134 piasters re- " Girls' 3
ported by Dr. Moore as received for medi- 8. No. OF Pupils 362
cal work, and equal to about $162.75. Males 241
The average attendance at the cUnics Females 121
was 40. 9. No. OF Sabbath-schools 4
Pupils 225
STATISTICAL REPORT, MARCH 1, Teachers 20
1893, T O M A R C H 1, 1894. 10. Contributions:
1. No. op Communicants 209 C. E. Society, Latakia 724.00
Missionaries and families 11 Congregational collections .. 655.32
Native members, Latakia 75 Special for Jewish Mission. .. 99.05
" " Eldaney 27 Medical receipts 4,691.00
" Jendairia.... 14 Mission, Suadia, for work
" " Gunaimia... .51 there 3,542.00
'" Metn ....... 6 Miss Cunningham, £30 4,086.00
" " Inkzik 9 Per Miss Cunningham,
" " Suadia 16 Prom L. M. S., College St.
South, Belfast, and other
2. Baptisms 16 friends, £30 4,086.00
Native Children 14 Sabbath-school collections... 950.35
" Adult 1
18,833.70
Missionary 1
Or about $672.67
3. Deaths of Baptized Children 4
11. List of Schools and No. of Pupils
Native 3
Each:
Missionary 1
Latakia, Boarding, Boys' 37
4. Increase of Communicants 5 Girls' 57
Missionary 3 " Day, " 40
Native 2 " " Boys'... 85
140 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

Suadia, Day, Boys' 28 natives in the chapel, the English services

" " Girls' 6 being held the week preceding thefirstSab-
Boarding, " o \)^\]^ of the vear. A s an outcome of the
" " Bovs' 18
T,^ , T^ n-\„i 19 W e e k of Prayer, several of the native
Metn, Day, Girls ti .,,-,! -, .-,,_•
a u Boys' 26 brethren desired to send some contribution
Tartous, " " 26 to the work among the Jews in Jerusalem,
Soda, " " 20 -avhich is noted in the statistics. The
Adopted by vote of Mission, Latakia, amount was small, but when you consider
March 13, 1894. that this is thefirstfruits of this kind, you
J. S. Stewart, Chairman. will rejoice with us.
A m o n g the young m e n and boys of the
SUPPLEMENTARY STATEMENT neighborhood and school there is a Tem-
P R O M SUADIA. perance Band numbering twenty, under
To the Board of Foreign Missions: the leadership of Miss Cunningham, who
Dear Fathers and Brethren : B y the has been holding meetings every three
favor of God, your two n e w missionaries months.
and their families have reached Suadia. Your medical missionary has not had
Although the climate is said to be a trying time to do m u c h work. The language must
one to Europeans, yet we have all had excel- first be learned and there must be also
lent health. suitable rooms for medical work before this
The work of the year has been carried on department becomes efficient.
after the plan of former years. There are T h e school work has gone on as usual,
religious services conducted every Sabbath, with two exceptions. In May, 1892, a
on Thursday afternoon, at the opening of Turkish officer came here and requested
the schools each day and with the boarding that he be permitted to examine our school.
pupils each morning and evening. Miss H e was refused, and in retaUation, he pro-
Cunningham has charge of the Sabbath- cured from the local authorities an order
school, which meets at 9 a. m. Licentiate prohibiting the FeUaheen from sending
Ibrahim Jokki preaches at 11 o'clock. In their children to our schools. Owing to
the afternoon at 3:30 there is a prayer-meet- the heavy penalties, many of the chUdren
ing for all w h o will come. A similar prayer- were withdrawn, but yet the school enjoyed
meeting is held on Thursday. These ser- one of the best closing exercises that has
vices are fairly well attended, the numbers ever been held here. At the opening of
having increased during the year. Mr. the school after the summer vacation, the
Stewart conducted a communion last De- FeUaheen children were slow in returning.
cember at which 17 natives and five mis- But one by one they came back. W e took
sionaries united in celebrating the Lord s in some w h o had not been here before;
Supper. There is a PeUah convert engaged thus our Boarding School is fuller this
as a Bible reader, w h o visits in fhe homes year than last.
of the people with great acceptance. T h e other interruption came from the
The W e e k of Prayer was observed by the rebuUdmg of the house for the Ghls'
missionaries in their homes and also by the School, which was chiefly affected thereby.
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
This Lower House was a one-story struct-
ure, built of sun-dried brick. It was quite
too small for tbe work. During the fall
and winter up to the N e w Year, w e re-
built and improved this house as per
reports sent to your Treasurer. This work
caused the entire suspension of the Girls
Boarding School until about the time that
the house was finished. With commend-
able persistency. Miss Cunningham con-
tinued the sessions of the D a y School
wherever teachers and pupils could meet.
N o w they have very convenient and com-
fortable rooms for the boarding pupils and
the lady director. The class-rooms are
commodious enough for as m a n y pupils as
may choose to attend. W e pray that the
Lord's people will speedily discharge the
debt that has been incurred in'the building
of this house.
The year has been prosperous. The
enemy has been notably restrained from
doing us harm. W e are encouraged to
seek greater things from G o d in the year
to come.
Very respectfuUy,
In behalf of the Mission in Suadia,
J. Boggs Dodds.
Feb. 22, 1894.
ANNUAL STATEMENT OF TARSUS
MISSION.
Mersine, Turkey, April 20, 1894.
To the Board of Foreign Missions:
Dear Fathebs and Brethren: W e re-
cord with gratitude to G o d that while H e
has chastened us all with sickness during
the year, not even the children being exempt
from it, w e are not only all alive to praise
Him now at its close, but are all in a toler-
able degree of health, and able to do our
work.
141
Dr. Metheny and Miss Sterrett are n o w
on their way h o m e to America. They will
be absent from us a few months. It was
providentially arranged that they should
have as traveling companions as far as
Great Britain, those two heroic veteran
missionaries. Rev. James Martin, M.D., and
his wife, of Antioch. This will be pleasant
for them all.
W e have had two brief visits during the
year from James Balpb, M.D., of Latakia.
Dr. Moore and his famUy and Miss M c -
Naughton, the new missionaries for Suadia
and Latakia, made us a brief visit also as
they were en route for their respective
stations. W e were all exceedingly glad to
become acquainted with them.
R. J. Dodds, having gone to Antioch to
assist Dr. Martin at a communion, extended
his trip as far as Suadia, and was delighted
to find the work prosperous there, and the
new missionaries working not only with
zeal and earnestness, but with wisdom and
sagacity, as it appeared to him.
During the year w e have administered
the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper once
before a large congregation of interested
spectators. At that time w e received into
churoh membership eleven members, one
of w h o m , an adult, from the R o m a n Catho-
lic church, w e baptized. During the sum-
mer time w e received into church member-
ship a Pellaha, a girl trained in the Board-
ing School, and baptized her. Having been
previously known as Sophia, she took the
name Mirriam at her baptism. Besides
these two adults w e baptized six infants
during the year.
The Turkish Government appears deter-
mined to hasten a crisis in missionary
affairs within this realm, and it would ap-
pear that our work has been selected by
142 Ittms of Missionary InteUigence.
them as thefirstcitadel to be destroyed in
their campaign. The presence of a new
United States Minister, as yet unacquainted
with Turkish craft and dupUcity, appears
to be looked upon by them as favorable for
the accomplishment of their purposes.
T w o things were attempted by the Gov-
ernment to bring matters to an issue :
1. That we give up the Fellaheen and
Muslims n o w in our scbool.
2. A n d bind ourselves to hereafter ex-
clude all such from our schools.
Both these demands being contrary to
Treaty stipulations,we respectfully declined
to comply with them. A n d w e hope, with
God's gracious help, to insist upon our
rights being recognized, until the light
dawns upon the oppressed subjects of this
dark empire. The story as I have told it
you is brief, but ;_God only knows what it
has cost us in trouble and deep anxiety.
O n H i m w e cast our burden.
In Adana w e have continued the services
of a faithful evangelist. His work has been
among all sects as G o d gives him oppor-
tunity to make the Gospel known, but
strange to say he is most kindly received
and most attentively heard by the Fella-
heen. O n e Fellah of Adana, a young man,
whose brother is a self-constituted and
self-paid teacher and evangelist, has been
for more than a year pleading for admit-
tance to the Churoh. H e appears sincere.
There are many of his people w h o would
like to profess Christ could they but follow
H i m without having to bear the cross.
In Tarsus w e have continued the ser-
vices of Nicola Dabbak and of Yusuph Jed-
deed, both capable, and, w e trust, sincere
men. They have worked wisely and dili-
gently in proclaiming the W o r d of Truth,
but have had no schools. High testimony
is borne to their earnestness, knowledge
and wisdom both by FeUaheen and by nom-
inal Christians.- The FeUaheen are show-
ing m u c h restiveness under the injustice
of the Government in being excluded from
our schools. They even complained of it
in a formal petition to the Government
that the Moslem schools in which they have
been compelled to place their chUdren be
at least made free for them. The Govern-
ment granted their petition, which shows
that they dared not refuse it. They only
give when they cannot help themselves.
W e had two schools for the Fellaheen in
villages not far from Tarsus, each within
three hours ride on horseback. There was
an average attendance of thirty pupils in
the two schools. O n e of the teachers,
Deeb Khalaify, died the second day of the
year. H e was a young m a n w e U acquainted
with the Scriptures. H e came to us from
Latakia. T h e brethren there could not
recommend him. H e did not blame them,
as he confessed that his life had not been
blameless, but he professed repentance, and,
as far as w e could judge, his outward life
gave every evidence of sincerity, and what-
ever he was asked to do he did faithfully.
H e was severely tried by the insults and
unkindness of the FeUaheen. W e have no
reason to doubt that he died in fait'n, and
is with Christ now.
In Mersine w e have had fairly good
schools. There have been forty-two board-
ers in the Girls' School and thirty in the
Boys'. This is the only year that we have
had a Boys' Boarding School at Mersine,
except during famine time. It was made
possible by additions which Dr. Metheny
built to his house. The arrangement was
not in every respect satisfactory, but cer-
tainly m u c h more so than conducting a one-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 143

sided work. There have been about ten Southern Mission.—Mr. Mclsaac, w h o
day pupils coming in and taking instruc- was ordained by Pittsburgh Presbytery on
tions with our boarding pupUs. the 10th of July, continues in charge of
The work done by the ladies and their this Mission. His management gives entire
helpers in tbe Girls' Boarding School has satisfaction. There is no friction between
been excellent. They have all, w e believe, him and the Board or between him and
been patient and diligent, fervent in spirit,
the teachers, but hearty co-operation on
serving the Lord. Miss Jennie B. Dodds the part of all.
already works like a veteran. Sblma, Ala.—Mr. Kingston has over-
At the opposite end of the town from sight of the congregation. It numbers 79.
that where the missionaries reside w e have There were two communions during the
had a day school in operation in a rented year. The Sabbath-schools, morning and
room. During the first half of the year afternoon, are in excellent condition. In
there were seventy-five pupils in attend- his last report to the Board, Mr. Isaac
ance, representing four Christian sects and states that on the preceding Sabbath (the
FeUaheen, with a few representatives of 22d of April) there was an attendance of
the religion of the false prophet. During 270. N o change has been made in the
the second half of the year to the present amount with which the Board supplements
time there have been thirty in attendance. Mr. Kingston's salary. The enrollment in
During the year Dr. Metheny's wife has the day school is 290 with an average at-
conducted a woman's prayer-meeting once tendance of 219. The income from the
a week, from house to house, and his eldest tax is $364.75. N o change has been made
daughter has conducted one among girls, in the course of study. The teachers are :
chiefly those of the Boarding School. Miss Dodge, Miss Nettie M . George, Miss
The year was remarkable for sickness Fannie J. Howland, Miss Sophia Kingston,
among our members. "Two of our female Miss Margaret McCartney and Mrs. G. M .
teachers were brought face to face with Sims. The four rooms in the third story
death. However, only one death occurred. are still unoccupied.
The iafant child of Mallime Ghaley was Pleasant Grove, A l a . — A new frame
taken. building was erected here last fall suffi-
Respectfully submitted, ciently large to accommodate the day
Willia S. Dodds, school and the Sabbath audiences at a cost
R. J. Dodds, of $95.59. All of this was raised in the
Committee. Mission, except $27.00, contributed by
friends in the North. A series of religious
EXTRACTS PROM THE REPORT OF meetings was held here at which consider-
THE CENTRAL BOABD. able interest was manifested. T w o appli-
Notwithstanding thefinancialcondition cants for membership were received and
of the country, whicb has seriously inter- baptized. T h e enrollment of scholars in
fered with m a n y benevolent undertakings, the day school is 46, with an average at-
the Missions intrusted to our care are in a tendance of 32. The average attendance
prosperous condition. at the Sabbath-sehool is 35. There is
144 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
preaching every other Sabbath. Mr. J. H .
Pickens continues in charge.
Valley Creek, A l a . — T h e school house
here is in need of repairs. These will in
all probability soon be made, as a subscrip-
tion for that purpose has been taken up.
A series of meetings was held also at this
place. Three persons presented them-
selves for examination to be admitted to
our church. The enrollment in the day
sohool is 32, with an average attendance of
22. The average attendance in the Sab-
batb-school is 50. There is preaching here
every other Sabbath. Mr. J. C. Phillips,
w h o was stationed at Brierfield until the
abandonment of the Mission there, has
charge of the work in this field.
Mr. Mclsaac writes encouragingly of his
work. One of the most discouraging feat-
ures is " the apathy of a number of church
members with regard to attendance upon
the services. The most trivial excuses are
regarded as sufficient to keep members at
home. Fair promises are made, but as a
rule forgotten."
The Board contemplates extending the
work to new localities on the Pacific Coast
and therefore asks for $2,000 for this
Mission.
Indian Mission.—But one change has
been made in this Mission during the year.
Mr. Willson, w h o had charge of the farm,
wishing to return East, resigned, the resig-
nation taking effect on the 2d of October,
1893. Mr. John B u U was employed to
take his place. H e has charge of the farm,
receiving $22.50 per month for himself and
team. The number of children enroUed is
31, more than during any preceding year.
N o change has been made in the order of
exercises or course of study. N o more
boys can be accommodated. There is
room for a few more girls. Mr. Carithers
preaches every Sabbath at the chapel or
some of the camps. H e has acquired suffi-
cient knowledge of the Comanche language
as to make himself fairly well understood.
Mrs. M . S. Gibson m a d e a visit to the
Mission by appointment of the Ladies'
Missionary Society, of Pittsburgh Presby-
tery. It was highly appreciated and very
helpful. B y appointment of the Board Dr.
Coulter and Elder David Boyd wUl visit it
at such time as will suit the convenience of
all parties. A number of the Indians are
almost ready to unite with the church.
These brethren as a commission of Kansas
Presbytery will act on their application.
Chinese Mission.—Rev. D. McAUister,
w h o continues in charge of this Mission,
reports that during the past year it has
been as prosperous as in the circumstances
could be expected. The intense anti-
Chinese sentiment operates against aU
schools of this character. The enrollment
of scholars is 110, with an average attend-
ance of about 21. Sieventeen are members
of the church. Our total membership is
26. Of the nine white members, seven re-
side in Oakland. The Lord's Supper was
dispensed twice during the year. Nine of
the scholars united with the church. On
account of the anti-Chinese legislation it is
likely the school will be decreased in num-
bers. It is hoped, however, that other
scholars will be obtained to take the places
of those w h o are compelled to leave. Mr.
McAllister is assisted by Prof. J. H. Will-
son and Miss Kilpatrick.
Vernon, Wis.—Annual Report of the
Vernon L. M . S. Another year of our
missionary work has come and gone, may
w e begin another year with renewed zeal
and energy. During the year nine meet-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 145

ings were held. Our total membership is Treasurer's Report for 1893 :
19. Attendance fairly good. In the kind Raised during the year $134.36
providence of God no death has occurred Indian Mission 25.86
in our midst. Our work has been pre- Adena Purchase 67.50
paring clothing for our Southern and In- Kansas City 15.00
dian Missions. During the year we have Southern Mission 26.00
raised $27.70, which has been divided
between the Southern and Indian Missions. $134.36
Mrs. W m . Lowry, Jr., Marie L. Cleeland,
Treasurer. Secretary.
Amanda Loughridge,
Secretary. Hopkinton, Ia.—Resolutions of the
Ladies' Missionary Society of Hopkinton
Philadelphia, Pa.—The Ladies' Mis- congregation on the death of Miss Hannah
sionary Society of the 2d Reformed Pres- Milroy:
byterian Church presents the following God in His all-wise providence has en-
report for the year 1893 : tered our circle the second time within a
W e have had four regular and one year and removed our friend and co-
special meeting. Our officers are the same, worker Hannah Milroy who was an humble,
having been re-elected at our last yearly and we beUeve, a sincere Christian; a duti-
meeting. W e now number 45, having lost ful daughter, a loving sister and kind
two this year, one by death, one by friend; she was a consistent member of
removal from the city. the Church, a faithful member of our
W e most deeply deplore the death of Society and of the W . C. T. U.
our beloved and respected vice-president Therefore Resolved (1). That we as a
and mother in Israel, Mrs. Jean W . Wylie, Society express our appreciation of the loss
whom it has pleased God to take from we have sustained, and of our submission
our midst. And whUe we humbly bow to to the Divine Will.
His decree, we feel her place can never be (2). That we recognize in this visitation
fiUed in our hearts. the Master's voice calling us to renewed
W e have added to our other labors some consecration in His service.
homework: Visiting and relie-ving destitute (3). That we extend our heartfelt
famiUes, and gathering ten children into sympathy to the aged mother, the sister
the Sabbath-school. Gifts of clothing, food and the brothers left to mourn her death.
and other necessaries have been given in (4). That a copy of these resolutions be
the name of the Society by youthful mem- sent the Herald of Mission News for
bers. publication, and one to the relatives of the
W e render humble thanks to our Heav- deceased.
enly Pather for His mercy to us in the Mrs. Jas. McCullough,
past, and pray for grace to be more faith- Mrs. T. H. Acheson,
ful in our work for the Master in the year Miss Mary Gutherie,
before us. Committee.
146 M O N O G R A P H S .
ON SABBATH-SCHOOLS.*
T h e Sabbath-school has w o n its w a y to
a full and honorable recognition as one of
the most importfint departments of the work
of the Church. Originating in compassion
for neglected children of irreligious parents,
it has gradually embraced the children of
the Churoh, and reaches out to the entire
membership, claiming them either as teach-
ers or pupils. It has adapted itself to the
varied circumstances of the Church in all
thefieldsof Christian activity. In Mission
work, at h o m e and in foreign lands, it
holds a foremost place.
T h e congregation of evangelical Chris-
tians without a Sabbath-school is an anom-
aly.
Its object is identical with that of
preaohing the Gospel, namely, the salvation
of souls; it seeks first their conversion,
then their sanctification and instruction in
saving knowledge. This grand design of
the Sabbath-sohool must never be lost
sight of, nor set aside by the more imme-
diate purpose of attracting and entertain-
ing the young and heedless.
In estimating tbe value of the Sabbath-
school w e must bear in mind the difficul-
ties under which it labors :
1st. P r o m want of time for thorough
study. Week-day schools are in session
six hours a day for five days in the week ;
the Sabbath-school is crowded into an
hour and often into a half hour, and is
held only once in seven days.
2d. P r o m lack of careful study of the
lessons. Even in famiUes of the Church it
is difficult to secure a study of the lesson.
Without study by a scholar a great part
of the teacher's labor is in vain.
* Bead at Synod of the Reformed Presbyteiian Ghurch
" a. Pa., 1894.
It is true that there is an abundance of
helps. Lesson papers, quarterlies and leaf-
lets abound; but too often these are so
used as to be a hindrance rather than a
help.
T o o m a n y depend on a hurried reading
of a lesson paper or, what is worse, on the
use of it in the class, tofindand read an-
swers to cut-and-dried questions.
3d. T h e very short time allowed for the
session makes it necessary to divide the
school into small manageable classes and to
employ m a n y teachers. It is not easy to
secure enough capable and •willing teach-
ers, and, therefore, superintendents must
depend on such material as is found in the
membership of the church, or in the volun-
teer force of a Mission school. Piety
and willingness do not always compensate
for the lack of training as teachers, or ot
the special capacity that supplies its place.
Under such circumstances it would not be
thought possible to conduct a common
school with a reasonable hope of suc-
cess.
T h e results of Sabbath-school instruc-
tion in our day reflect honor on the con-
secrated zeal and the earnest desire for
the saving of souls and the glory of Christ
that animates the noble army of Sabbath-
school workers.
W e have noticed the Sabbath-school
helps. T h e proper place for them is at
home. Parents should study the lesson
with theu- children, and for this there is
usually time on the morning or evening of
the Sabbath as well as during the week.
In the class the Bible alone should be used
as the text-book and the lesson book by
both teacher and pupil.
Sabbath-school teaching is liable to de-
 Monographs.
generate. Sometimes it becomes a lecture
or current exposition. This is m u c h easier
for both teachers and pupils than asking
and answering questions, that is, such
questions as draw out the knowledge gained
by study or such as set scholars to think-
ing.
Even the questioning is prone to lapse
into mere leaders, that is, questions that
suggest in the very form or tones the an-
swers yes or n o ; a kind of question that
requires little thought to ask and none at
all to answer.
Every question should stimulate thought
and set the mind searching for an appro-
priate answer; anything else, save in the
case of young chUdren, is merely a waste
of time.
Where the classes sit in our immovable
seats the teacher should stand facing the
class, except in case of physical inability.
H e should catch and hold the attention of
each m e m b e r of the class. T o sit with
•back to class and read printed questions
from a lesson paper and have the answers
read out of a similar paper is a caricature
of teaching.
Nothing wUl secure uniformity in teach-
ing and thorough work as well as a teach-
er's meeting. Wherever practicable, such
meetings should be organized. The pas-
tor or superintendent should preside, and
the Bible class teachers in turn conduct
the exercise of teaching the lesson.
J. MoCaAOKEN.
THB LIONS IN THE WAY.
It is quite sad at times to see some of
the Nicodemuses in this country. There
are many w h o have no faith in their effete
Christianity or in their unsatisfying heath-
enism w h o dare not come out and embrace
147
evangelical Protestantism, nor even be
known to be enquirers after truth. Yet
they like to sit and discuss the principles
of a pure Christianity and often ask if it
would be possible to be a Christian with-
out declaring it to the world. One of our
boys in the school said, " But can one not
read his Bible and be a Christian without
leaving his sect (FeUaheen) ? '' W e hold
up the necessity of boldness in the cause
of Christ, and the necessity of a public
profession.
In the Herald of Mission N e w s of Feb-
ruary, 1894, p. 37, it is stated that since
1856 the death penalty for apostacy from
Mohammedanism has been forbidden by
the civilized powers. This is quite true, and
yet the same result is obtained in reality as
was obtained legally by the executioner's
scimeter. If one leaves Islam for the
faith of Jesus Christ, he could not live
among his o w n people, because some one
would assassinate him by poison or bullet
and nothing could be done about it.
Again, there is a terrible weapon in the
hand of any one w h o wishes to use it in
Turkey. If one of the same or of a more
favored sect has a quarrel with another, he
m a y accuse his equal or inferior to the gov-
ernment of any crime howsoever imagin-
ary, and thus secure the imprisonment of
any one against w h o m he m a y have a spite.
W h e n one is so unfortunate as to get into
prison, and that on no evidence whatever,
he can get his freedom only by large
bribes, and perhaps by proving his inno-
cence. A n apostate from our little circle
of members here is a chief m a n among the
Greeks. B y his avariciousness he was im-
pelled to m a k e a most unjust demand for
a paltry sum against one of our employes.
W h e n this employe remonstrated, this
 148 Monographs.
apostate said: " Will it not be better for
you to do this than to go to prison ? Will
the missionary pay to get you out ? ''
T o save trouble, the unjust demand was
paid. Those w h o become identified with
us do so at the expense of all former social
relations, and at the risk of confiscation of
property, imprisonment and death.
Some time ago here in Suadia, there was
a drunken revel in which the M u d e e r —
local governor—attended in the house of
a Greek. During the debauch a fight
arose in which some one struck the Mudeer
a severe blow. But in the confusion of
fists and bad liquor the offender against
the Turkish officer's dignity (?) escaped.
A s the participants were nearly all Greeks,
they concealed the name of him w h o struck
the Mudeer until a few weeks after this.
There was a simUar carousal in which he
w h o struck the Mudeer offended a fellow
Greek very greatly. T h e rage of the of-
fended party was so intense that he be-
trayed his brother Greek by going to the
Mudeer and telling him that such and such
a one struck him. U p o n hearing this, the
oppressive officer immediately sent his
soldiers to arrest the wretched offender,
w h o was cruelly hurried off to prison with-
out any examination whatever, to languish
there untU his friends redeem him or until
the Mudeer relents. Once in prison the
poor fellow must furnish his o w n food and
every other thing he gets, as there is no
such waste of Turkish revenues as feeding
prisoners.
H o w terribly has G o d scourged this
landfilledwith the ruins of once Christian
churches and educational institutions
once in Antioch alone, three hundred
Christian churches. " H o w long, O G o d
how long ! " J. B. D.
O N TEMPERANCE.*
The Temperance Question claims the
serious attention of every Christian patriot.
M a n y sided in its aspects and relations, it
has become a prominent and potent factor
in m a n y of the social, political and
religious problems of to-day. Whether we
look at the drink traffic socially, politically,
morally or spiritually, it is seen to be the
great enemy to every form of true prosper-
ity and disastrous in its results. Accord-
ing to_the Internal Revenue Statistics for
1893, " the quantity of grain used for the
production of spirits during theflscalyear
was 29,030,409 bushels." Instead of being
converted into bread to feed the hungry,
this grain was m a d e to produce 126,545,-
017 gallons of spirits, to increase poverty
and crime in the land. The direct cost of
liquor to the United States is estimated at
$1,200,000,000 annually, to which may be
be added $300,000,000 to cover losses
resulting from its use; whUe the drink bill
in Canada amounts to about $40,000,000.
If the enormous sum, invested in this death-
dealing business, were circulating through
cleaner and healthier channels, no proposed
change in Tariff L a w s could occasion the
commercial depression under which this
country has- been groaning for months.
The money worse than wasted in this way
would enable the Church to extend its mis-
sionary enterprises m a n y fold. H o w humil-
iating to reflect that for every dollar de-
voted to the spread of the Gospel, America.
spends $218 on liquor and $114 on
tobacco.
T h e design of the Temperance Movement
is remedial, educative and preventive.
It would, through the instrumentahty of
* Read at Synod qf the Beformed Presbyterian Churclt,
Ptiiladelphia, 1894.
 Monographs.
the Gospel, the Di'vinely appointed agency
in the regeneration of society, rescue those
who have been brought under the influence
of an enslaving babit. It was a wise reply
that a Christian w o m a n m a d e to one w h o
asked her what was the best gold cure for
drunkenness : " T h e Lord Jesus Ohrist."
It would persuade professors of religion
that total abstinence is one of the great
lessons that the grace which bringeth
salvation teaches us.
And it would protect m e n from tempta-
tion by securing the enactment and en-
forcement of prohibitory laws.
The friends of the cause have been as
active as ever during the year, and though
the practical results are not very marked,
popular sentiment in favor of prohibition
is evidently growing. T h e question in one
form or another has been before at least
fourteen State Legislatures, and in three
States, N e w Jersey, Kentucky and Texas,
laws were passed, requiring the Public
Schools to " teach the nature and effect of
alcohol on the h u m a n system." This is
certainly a step in advance. In Canada,
which is so closely identified with our o w n
country, a great triumph has been won.
The voters, in five out of its seven prov-
inces, including wealthy and influential O n
tario, have expressed themselves in favor of
prohibition by overwhelming majorities.
Even the cities have shown a majority, every
ward in HaUfax, N . S., voting "yea."
Perhaps nothing has given more encour-
agement to the friends of Temperance than
the decision of the Supreme Court of
Indiana, which declares that " if a saloon
causes property to depreciate in value it is
a nuisance within the law and can be
abated," and also that " the person w h o
operates the saloon is liable in damages to
149
the injured party." O n e end of CivU Gov-
ernment is that the citizens of a country
" m a y lead quiet and peaceable lives in all
godliness and honesty." A n d as the liquor
traffic is directly opposed to this be-
neficent design, a policy of repression is
Scriptural and right.
In our opinion the great obstacle to the
overthrow of the drink system is the apathy
of the professing Church of Christ. W h e n
the Christian people of this land, loyal to
Christ as King and wholly consecrated,
rise in the power of His Spirit and demand
it, the end will come, and G o d will be
glorified.
W e offer the following resolutions :
1. Our Church, in the teaching of its
ministry, the exercise of discipline and the
example of its membership, will continue
to throw the whole weight of its influence
in favor of total abstinence and prohibition.
2. A s Christian citizens, "bound to regu-
late aU our civil relations, attachments,
profession and deportment by our al-
legiance and loyalty to the Lord," w e
will not cease to testify against the pro-
tection, by governmental sanction, of a
traffic that is sapping the foundations of
society, impeding the progress of the Gos-
pel in heathen countries, and placing this
Nation, in both these respects, in an atti-
tude of hostility to the Supreme Will, of
our Mediatorial King, Lawgiver and Judge.
W e will endeavor, in our intercourse with
other Christian denominations, to lead them
to take the same high position. N o perma-
nence is to be looked for in social reforms
until there is radical reform at the fountain
head of Civil Society.
3. W e renew our condemnation of the
use of tobacco, as being closely identifled
in its injurious effects with the curse of
150 Monographs.
strong drink, and w e warn the young
against this insidious evU,of which the L o n -
don Lancet, very high medical authority,
says : It is time " that the attention of
all responsible persons should be seriously
directed to the prevalent increase of to-
bacco-smoking among boys. Stinted
growth, impaired digestion, palpitation,
and other evidences of nerve exhaustion
and irritability have again and again im-
pressed the lessons of abstinence, which
has hitherto been far too little regarded.'
W e cordially c o m m e n d the anti-cigarette
clubs, recently formed in some of our
public schools, whose members are pledged
not to smoke until they shall have reached
the age of 21 years. O n every one in the
ministry and membership of the Church w e
enjoin obedience to the Divine command:
" Keep thyself pure."
R. M . Sommer-ville,
Chairman of Commiitee.
NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS.
In our country, exclusive of Alaska, w e
have 248,340 Indians. A m o n g these w e
havefivetribes in the Indian Territory that
are civilized, and exclusive of these tribes
w e have within our borders 181,340 In-
dians. Consulting the report of the
Commissioner of Indian Affairs, w e find
that among- this number there are 312
missionaries, and during the year 1892
the Churches spent the vast s u m of
$916,738. Of this amount $611,570 was
received from the Government for their
educational work. Of the portion con-
tributed by the Churches themselves
$223,744 was spent for educational pur-
poses, and $81,424 for religious purposes.
Then according to this report the Churches
have among the Indians one representative
to every 578 of the population, and have a
financial backing of $1,586 to every mis-
sionary. But these, like all other statis-
tics, are misleading. Of the vast sum
given by the Government for the contract
schools, $394,766, or 64^ per cent., was
given to the R o m a n Catholic Church ; and
as a result a large portion of the so-called
missionaries are teachers in the parochial
schools of the R o m a n Church.
W e can tell some very appalling facts
concerning the destitution of these people
to w h o m w e are in so real a sense
" debtors.'' There are fifteen agencies
which have no missionary. Catholic or
Protestant. A total number of 60,516
heathens, belonging to forty different
tribes, w h o have no one to tell them of
Jesus Christ, the L a m b of God. Besides
this there are 50,000 Indians w h o have no
regular missionary, but are simply supplied
with educational missionaries. Those
familiar with the work of a school teacher
know that their time for evangelization is
very limited, and therefore it is almost a
certainty that these also stand sadly in
need of the preached Word.
During the last decade there has been a
great advance in the work of civiUzation
a m o n g these Indian tribes. The Govern-
ment has taken up a policy which has
wrought wonders for the Indian. The
Churches have done a noble work among
them, and wiU continue it; but there seems
to be little hope of a speedy evangelization
of these tribes. In obedience to tbe
Lord's c o m m a n d there should immediately
be a testimony in every tribe.
Look across our borders to the north.
There are 35,000 Indians in the British
Northwest Territory w h o have no mis-
sionary.
 Monographs. 151
In Mexico there are 5,000,000 Indians chose, but they wanted to learn about the
who, although mentioned in the histories true swami. ' Then w e will fight with
as converted to Christianity, are just as your god and show you that he is no god.
reaUy heathen as they were before Cortez But we cannotfighthim without a weapon.
began his diabolical work of destruction Bring us a hammer.' Having had a huge
in the name of the Ghurch, and with the hammer handed to us w e entered the tem-
cross as his banner. Here is a field as ple. O n the threshold w e cried out, ' N o w
dark as any on earth. With the c o m m a n d are you still willing that w e should destroy
of the Lord, the field so near, and tbe your god ? ' ' W e are quite willing ! w e
special claim of this despised and abused are quite wUling!' M y colleague dealt
people, there is every reason w h y this R a m a three good blows, but R a m a was a
work should be taken up very quickly, tough stone to break. Itching to have a
and pushed with' great energy, until hand in the matter, I seized the hammer,
every North American Indian has heard and with the second blow smashed him
the Gospel.—State Items. into atoms. Gathering up the fragments
we took them outside, the timid and super-
A HELPLESS GOD. stitious of the people standing at a safe
Mr. Ure, a missionary at the station of distance lest R a m a should inflict some
Cuddapah, in India, relates the foUowing awful punishment on them and us for our
story: sacrilege. W e then gathered the people
" W e put the question, ' D o you want a nearer, knelt down on the broken frag-
teacher ? ' ' Yes ! yes !' came from all sides.
ments of their god, and besought Jehovah
' W h y do you want a teacher ?' ' That w e to bless the village and to honor what had
may learn to know the true God,' answered been done in His name. Before leaving
some. ' Our swanii can do nothing for w e gave them money to repair the temple
us,' said others. ' Then will you give up and make itfitfor a ohapel or schoolroom;
your idol-worship ?' ' W e wiU ! w e will! the larger portions of R a m a w e threw into
' Will you allow us to enter your temple the well, and took the remainder away with
and destroy your swami?' T o this there us."
was no answer. At length a w o m a n broke
out in a tirade of abuse against the elders "TALKING IT OVER."
for proposing to give up the worship of W e clip from an exchange the following
Rama. Then followed a heated discussion good results of " talking it over,'' and
amongst themselves as to the merits and commend them to the careful considera-
demerits of Rama. After quiet had been tion of the many w h o too frequently forget
restored, w e kindly but firmly gave them the Divine admonition, " Let your speech
to understand that no teacher could be be always with grace : "
sent unless they gave up their idol-worship The evening service in a certain congre-
and allowed us to destroy their gods. W e gation was poorly attended. People
gave them time for consideration and con- thought they could not come out twice a
sultation with their elders. They then Sabbath to church.
came and said w e might do whatever w e The session talked the matter over.
152 Monographs.

Their talk resulted in a pledge to each
other that they would never absent them-
selves willingly from the evening service,
and that they would urge every one they
saw to plan for a second attendance.
The parents talked it over. They found
that their children were not in the habit of
spending the evening religiously or profit-
ably, and they determined to set them an
example of an earnest devotion to spiritual
concei-ns. They began going twice a day
the Sabbath after.
The young men talked it over. They
concluded that it was their duty to attend
both services, and to bring at least one
young man apiece with them.
The young ladies talked it over. They
thought that if they could go to a concert
on a week-day night it could not do them
any harm to be at church on Sabbath night.
They decided that they would all go regu-
larly, and take each a friend with them.
Atfirstthe minister did not know what
to make of it. The attendance was in-
creasing every week. Strangers, seeing
the direction of the crowd, foUowed. It
became the most popular church in the
city. , to live, and in it I wish to die."
ple of the East, the multitudes upon whom
no true-hearted man can look without com-
passion, is surely Christlike in its most
Uteral sense. It is an almost daily oc-
currence to have mothers coming and fall-
ing down at the missionary's feet, begging
helj) for a sick child; to have fathers im-
ploring them to come down ere their sons
die; to have the blind coming for sight,
the lepers for cleansing, and to have ilie
helpless paralytic brought to the door,
borne of four. And to all, to the poorest
of the poor, the Gospel of God's grace is
preached—preached not only by word ot
mouth, but also by deeds ef loving kind-
ness. Work like this is doubly blessed,
blessing him who gives and him who takes.
That men who have sinned against God
are permitted to do it, is one of the won-
ders of God's love. N o one can engage in
this work, however imperfectly, without
sympathizing in spirit with the memorable
words of David Livingstone, and repeating
from the heart his prayer : " God had an
only Son, and H e was a missionary and a
physician ; a poor imitation of Him I am
or hope to be. But in this service I mean

CHRISTLIKE WORK. THE LITTLE MISSIONARY BOY.

Dr. MoPhail, of Bengal, closes an appeal One day a little son of our Bible Reader
for Medical Missions in India with the fol- met a FeUah on the road, and quite abrupt-
lowing earnest and impressive words : ly said to him: " Are you a son of the
Ifthe work of a medical missionary in Messiah? "
the East resembles in the spirit in which The Pellah said : " \yhy should I be?"
it is done as closely as it does in its exter- The little fellow said with spirit: "If
nal environment the life of Christ on earth— you are a son of the Messiah you wiU go
" The life which God lived in the wealth to heaven when you die; but if you are not,
of His love "~it is surely a most blessed if you die you will have to go to gehenna
Ufe, than which no man need seek a higher. (hell) where there is a big hotfirefor-
To spend one's life for the temporal and ever.' J. B. D.
spiritual good of the poverty-stricken peo-
 Editorial Notes.
EDITORIAL
—The Herald of Mission News urges McKnight and Henry G. Foster have
its readers to examine carefuUy the mis-
sionary reports pubUshed in this issue,
EspeciaUy does the Report of the Com-
mittee on Missions claim prayerful study,
as it contains the conclusions reached by
Synod in regard to missionary operations
during the current year.
— A t the recent meeting of Synod an
advance step was taken in the way of
establishing a,p Mission in China. Two
years ago a resolution was passed auth-
orizing the Board of Poreign Missions to
call for a minister and physician; and, as
repeated appeals had failed to secure
properly qualified laborers, it was agreed
to elect m e n to that field and throw on
them the responsibility of declining the
formal call of the Church. The election
resulted in the choice of Robert J. Mc-
Isaac, so highly spoken of by those ac-
quainted with his efficient supervision of
the work at Selma, Ala., and Elmer Mc-
Burney, a young minister of great promise,
both of w h o m had previously declared
their readiness to follow the clear leading
of the Divine Master as to their life-work.
Immediately after the June meeting* of the
Board these brethren will be communicated
with, in reference to their decision; and.
if they feel that the call is from the Lord
and are ready at His bidding and under
the impulse of the Holy Spirit in their
hearts to go out in the regions of darkness
and death as messengers of Divine Ught
and life, arrangements wUl be made with
as little delay as possible for their de-
parture. The names of T. H. Walker, J.
153
N O T E S .
been referred to the Board as the nomi-
nees of Synod. Let the churches ask G o d
in believing prayer to qualify and send
forth those w h o m H e has chosen, and
whose ministry of the Gospel H e will o w n
to the salvation of souls. The m a n w h o m
the Holy Spirit caUs, wiU go. H e m a y
have m a n y a conflict with himself before
reaching a decision, but he will go, and let
us hope that no one will be allowed to go
w h o is not chosen and called of God.
— I t was agreed, at Synod, that the work
among the Chinese on the Pacific Coast
shall hereafter be known as
The Chinese H o m e Mission,
and the proposed Mission to China as
The Chinese Foreign Mission.
All money intended for the former scheme
must be sent to Mr. Walter T. Miller,
Cotton Exchange BuUding, N e w York, and
all money intended for the latter must be
sent to Mr. John T. Morton, 708 Penn
Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. Contributors
will please bear this in mind and thus pre-
vent a great deal of confusion.
— T h e appropriations of Synod for mis-
sionary purposes are as follow :
Foreign Missions $15,000
Domestic " 9,000
Southern " 7,000
Indian " 2,000
Chinese H o m e Mission 2,000
Jewish Mission 1,000
Testimony Bearing 4,000
National Reform 7,000
$47,000
154 Editorial Notes.
According to the Committee on Finance,
these appropriations are a conservative
estimate of what is needed to carry on the
missionary work of the Church and should
be raised in full.
— A minister and physician are called for
to go to the Island of Cyprus. The work
there requires to be in charge of m e n that
are well educated and ready to endure
hardness as good soldiers of Jesus Christ.
It is laborers that w e pray the Lord of the
harvest to send forth.
— I n the M a y number w e reminded our
readers that there was a small debt of three
hundred dollars resting on the new build-
ing at Latakia, which should be removed at
once. A few days afterward Mrs. Caroline
O'Neill, of N e w York City, sent us one
hundred dollars for this purpose. Will
not two or three more generous friends of
the work give the balance, that the buUd-
ing m a y be reported free of debt ?
— T h e foUowing additional contributions
have been received to discharge the obUga-
tion incurred by tbe alterations made in
the Lower House at Suadia:
Mr. Thos. E. Greacen $100 00
of N e w Yoi-k.
S o m e friends in Elkhorn Congrega-
tion, through Rev. H . Easson.. 25 50
Mr. J. D. McAnUs, " " .. 5 00
Isabel and Lizzie Brodie, of Brodie,
Ontario, Canada, through Rev.
R. C. Allen 6 00
S o m e $800 are stiU needed to liquidate
the debt on the House.
The brethren in Suadia also desire to
make certain necessary alterations in the
Upper House, and Synod has instructed
the Board to appeal to the churches and
individuals for $1,500. But the work can-
not be undertaken untU the money is con-
tributed for this purpose. Let the friends
at h o m e read the following paragraph from
a letter recently received from Rev. J.
Boggs Dodds, and then act promptly:
" B y dint of great care in the use of our
o w n salary and by taking opportunity at
the bestfigures,I have been able to pm--
chase enough stone for the addition to our
house, and for our cistern, and a part of the
lumber. In this out-of-the-way place it is
impossible to gather building materials in
a short time, so I began to prepare for this
work last November by purchasing a mule-
load of lumber n o w and again. Then, as
this spring has been unusually dry, the
roads have been good at a season when the
people had no work. B y this means we
were able to get stones cheaper than I
expected. I did not wish to let the cfppor-
tunity go by unimproved, so I took of onr
money an amount sufficient to buy the
stones. If the Board can raise the money
for the house, the materials most difficult
to secure are n o w on hand. If the Board
cannot raise the money, I can sell the
stones and lumber again for about their
first cost, as these materials are in demand,
and w e will possess our souls and bodies
in patience until the Lord's stewards can
come to our help with needed funds. We
are not able to contribute the amount in-
vested in these materials or w e would be
glad to do so. W e have not lost sight of
the fact that hard times at home make it
difficult to secure funds. W e pray that
our people m a y take our Lord at His word
in Malachi and prove His faithfulness to
His promises. "
—Since last report, w e have received the
foUowing subscriptions for the salary of
Pastors' Missionary:
Rev. T. H . Walker $15 00
 Editorial Notes. 155
Rev. Edwin H. Buck $10 00 Foreign Missions have been forwarded to
" W . M. Glasgow 5 00 the Treasurer:
" T. J. Allen 5 00 Youngstown Congregation, through
« J.W. DiU 5 00 Rev. H. Easson $ 4 25
In a former issue. Rev. Jas. Black, of L. M. S. Union Congregation. Spe-
Wyman, la., should have been given credit ' cial for work in Suadia 25 00
for $10, instead of $5, as the amount of Y. P. S. C. E. of First Newburgh,
his subscription to this fund. N o w for a N. Y., second quarterly payment
second year, and all subscriptions should on pledge offiftydollars 12 50
he paid, if not on N e w Year's Day, at least Miss S. M. Stevenson 3 00
a month before Synod. Zanesville, O.
—There have also been handed to us Miss Stevenson also enclosed a dollar for
the foUo-wing subscriptions towards the the Southern and a dollar for the Indian
support of an Elders' Missionary : Missions which have been mailed to Treas-
Mr. Robert McNeiU $5 00 urer John T. Morton.
3d N e w York. — S o m e friends of the New Hebrides
Mr. James Forsyth 5 00 Mission recently sent us forty-five dol-
N e w Concord, O. lars, which has been forwarded to the
Owing probably to the hard times, a few Treasurer in Glasgow, G. B., to be credited
of the Elders who gave in their names at to the John G. Paton Club of the First
Synod a year ago bave not been able to Presbyterian Church of Germantown, Phil-
make good their pledges. The "hard adelphia, Pa., as follows:
times," however, will not continue, and 1. For shares in the Mission Ship,
many new names will be added to the list Dayspring $19 20
this year. The Elders cannot afford to be 206 shares sold by Club at
without a representative in the field. 50 cents $10 30
— A correspondent in Denison, Kan., 97 shares taken by C. E. So-
says: "If there is any probability of the ciety 4 85
deacons of the R. P. Church having a rep- 81 shares taken by Inter-
resentative missionary in the foreign field, mediate S. S 4 05
please count on m e forfivedollars annu- 2. Por Dr. Paton's work 25 80
ally for thefirstfiveyears." This good
brother does not wish his name pubUshed, $45 00
but his letter is an inspiration. Let the Liteeatuee.—The Fleming H. Revell
deacons speak. Company, N e w York and Chicago, have
—The young women of the Church who laid on our table "Amid Greenland
have not yet paid the second year's pledge, Snows," 75 cents, and " The Message of
are reminded that it should be handed in Christianity to Other Religions," 15 cents.
not later than the month of August. There The former claims to give the early his-
are only a few behind. tory of Arctic Missions. The central
—The foUowing contributions to the figure in the book is Hans Egede, a pioneer
156 Editorial Notes.
missionary to Greenland, w h o m the au-
thor describes as " standing in the Une of
saintly succession, and drinkingof the same
Divine fount which inspired the heart of
St. Paul.'' This is a peculiarly interesting
little volume, and wellfittedto give fresh
zeal and courage in the service of God.
N o work done for H i m will ever be with-
out results to His glory.
The latter is a paper prepared for the
Parliament of Religions, by Rev. James T.
Dennis, D. D., author of "Foreign Mis-
sions After a Century." After referring to
the origin, spirit and design of Christianity,
he represents the message with which it
greets the other religions of to-day as a
distinctive signal of Fatherhood, Brother-
C ^e-^^
e du.'3<i^ ^ ^ d € ^ -At^-n-eUey rz-i-z-c/ •n--c'i^e/t^=/i-u4. t/o-^-iS,
'€ttfi-ad, r?-:f '^-M-a-tz-t-fz-^ '^^'Zj.-iio..
.00.
hood, Redemption, Incarnation, Atone-
ment, Character, Service, Fellowship.
Literary Notice. — The Fleming H.
Revell C o m p a n y will issue about June
20th, a n e w book, by Rev. Washington
Gladden, D. D., entitled " T h e Church and
the Kingdom.'' It comprises two ad-
dresses. Thefirst,which gives the title
to the book, is a solemn, spiritual eleva-
tion in the treatment of the theme, and is
a happy combination of the practical and
ideal. The second address, "What is
Christ's L a w ?" was recently delivered be-
fore the graduating class of OberUn Col-
lege. The volume wUl contain about 100
pages, 12 mo., and wUl retaU for 50 cents
in cloth binding.
'<>-iS, C f y m ^ i - ^ / t , /jy,^.
/h
'T
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
July and Aug., REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A.
O U R VIEWS OF
ON EVANGELISTIC WORK.*
Rev. T. H . Acheson, Hopkinton, la.
The chief end of the Church is the fa-
mUiar and all inclusive aim, the Divine
glory. The chief end of the Church, as far
as it relates to this world, seems to be the
estabUshment of the kingdom of Christ
upon the earth. Then the principal aim of
the Church is not the preaohing of the
Gospel and the salvation of souls, or the
uplifting of society, reform work, or wit-
nessing for the truth; but all of these as
means to establish the kingdom of Ohrist.
This one purpose, with these subordinate
parts, should be the aim of the whole
Ohurch of Christ, and of every existing
branch of that Church. G o d does not
permit one denomination to say that its
peculiar work is evangelization, or instruc-
tion, or reformation, or witnessing. Not-
withstanding the divided condition of the
Church, which w e deplore. H e m a y and
does in His providence use different de-
nominations to accomplish somewhat dif-
ferent ends, and one denomination m a y feel
caUed upon at times to emphasize neglected
lines; but there is only one right basis,
one right scheme of work, one right aim,
and one right goal for the Church. It is
the duty of every denomination to labor
for Christ's kingdom, and to labor for it
* Read at ths Synod cf the Eeformed Presbyterian Church precepts also, are a constant testimony to
in PhUadelphia, Pa., 1894.
1894.
MISSION W O R K .
by witnessing, by discipline, by reform
work and by evangelization.
Evangelistic work seems to be the
preaching of the simple truths of the Gos-
pel—those that are more quickly fruitful
in conversion—especially to the uncon-
verted. It is practical, direct, persuasive
preaching, coupled with hand-to-hand
effort to persuade m e n to embrace Christ;
rather than the preaching of general truth
and the effort to build up those already in
the kingdom.
It m a y seem to m a n y outside, if not to
some inside, that the Covenanter Church
is not a practical one for evangelistic work;
that the character of her position, m e m -
bers and methods are not specially
adapted to the conversion of souls. O n
the other hand, however, it m a y be said
that in at least certain important lines our
Church is not slow in evangelistic enter-
prises. R e m e m b e r her very large annual
contributions (per member) to Foreign
Missions, and that work for the colored
race, the Indians and the Chinese, and also
for Domestic Missions, is being pushed
steadily on. In reply again it m a y be said
that the comparative excellence of the lives
of our members, which tbey have been
enabled to live by humble dependence on
the grace of God, and which are largely
the result of conformity to the Church's
158 Our Views of Mission W o r k .
the truth and power of Christianity, and
are an invitation to walk in the way of sal-
vation. Still further, it m a y be remarked
that the wide application which our Church
makes of the truth and authority of Cbrist
to all departments of h u m a n activity, her
testimony against evil and for truth, her
reform work, have m u c h to do with making
an open way for the acceptance of the Gos-
pel's offer. It is true evangelistic work not
only to offer a m a n salvation, but to re-
m o v e the obstacles which prevent his ac-
ceptance of the offer; important not only
to persuade a m a n tofleefrom danger, but
also to throttle the wild beast that would
devour him. Our Church in proclaiming
the application of God's law to all de-
partments of life has stood determinedly
against the evils that crush the souls of
men. Responsibility for social and gov-
ernmental obstructions to Mission work is
to be laid in vastly greater degree at the
door of other denominations than at that
of our own. If the principles of national
Christianity, for which the Reformed Pres-
byterian Church has so long contended,
were successful in om- land, where there is
sufficient Scriptural light for m e n to have
a -wide knowledge of the truth, the salva-
tion of souls would receive a wonderful
impetus.
Direct evangelistic work, however, is
obligatory upon us, and truly the need is
great! In our o w n favored land it is
doubtful if the half of our sixty-five million
people are true Christians. Thirty-three
miUion of unregenerate about us show h o w
m u c h need there is for earnest, active,
aggressive, evangeUstic work. W e hear at
times of suoh things as eight hundred con-
versions, during a great revival, in a town
of twenty thousand people. A n d yet, even
if all these should prove genuine converts,
h o w very m a n y unregenerate are left in
that city! M r . M o o d y not long since did
a grand work as God's instrument in
Washington City; and yet h o w Uttle would
the general moral character of the city be
changed. Buffalo had, not long ago, 240,-
000 inhabitants, and 144 churches; or one
church to every 1,667 persons. N e w Orleans
had 216,090 people and 178 churches; one
church to every 1,214 persons; Washing-
ton, population 203,450, churches 181, one
to 1,124 ; St. Louis, 450,000, churches 220,
one to 2,045; Boston, 448,477, churches
243, one to 1,846; Brooklyn, 853,945,
churches 355, one to 2,405 ; Chicago, 1,099,-
850, churches 384, one to 2,864. A U this
reveals to ue the great need. H o w mnch
room there is for evangelistic acti-vity! In
our best communities there are many who
are practically indifferent to the higher
claims of the word of God.
A s a Church, w e are behind our obliga-
tions and opportunities in evangehstio
work. W e are probably surpassed by some
other churches in direct, aggressive, hand-
to-hand efforts for the conversion of souls;
and along with other churches, we have
failed in doing what w e should, and what,
w e could, in this dUection. Some of us
m a y have thought that this was not our
work, that w e were not adapted to it, that
tbe unsaved -n'ould hardly be attracted to
us by our principles and practices. "What-
ever m a y be the reason it can hardly be de-
nied that there is not the degree of appre
ciation, interest and acti'vity in this work
which its comparative great importance
and crying needs demand.
Evangelistic work is necessary. Christ
went here and there preaching the Gospel
for the salvation of men. The ap
 Our Views of Mission Work.
went up and d o w n the world proclaiming
the word of Ufe to sinners. G o d requires
such work, and m u c h of it. It is obliga-
tory in the Covenanter Church. W e can-
not delegate it to any other denomination.
If we cannot do it, w e are not practical. If
we are not practical, w e are not right. If
we are right, w e must be practical. A n d
we would find more success if w e labored
more in evangelistic work.
It is evidently appropriate to have at
times for the benefit of congregations or
communities, special seasons of evangelis-
tic activity ; not as a substitute for regular
work; not to appoint times and seasons
when G o d must bless us; but to produce
some special thoughtfulness and interest
among the unconverted, and a m o n g the
converted also for their unsaved friends.
If it be well for us to have special meetings
during our C o m m u n i o n seasons, and at the
Week of Prayer, w h y will it not be ad-
vantageous to have special Gospel Services
now and then, for the unconverted ? A
series of meetings will at times awaken an
interest hardly attainable from meetings
somewhat distant from one another.
Evangelistic work includes a m o n g its
efi&cient features hand-to-hand effort for
lost souls, direct personal approach to the
unsaved brother. In this very important
branch of the work there is m u c h room for
advancement. If w e do not fail in this
feature of the work more than some other
Christian people, w e at least fail much.
Personal approach, the touch on the
shoulder, the grasp of the hand, the look-
ing straight in the face, the direct kindly
inquiry, is a prominent connecting link be-
tween the pulpit and the pew. It is a
niethod which the minister must and does
use, and which must be employed by the
159
church member. Will a m a n with grace
in his heart live ten years beside his un-
believing neighbor and never speak to him
about his soul's salvation ? A s officers of
Christ's house we must engage more in
personal work, and must urge more its
claims upon our members. T o the m a n
w h o says, " I have no tact for such work,"
it might be suggested : " W h e r e there's a
will there's a way."
W e need some improvement in minor
instrumentalities in this work, or better
adaptation of those n o w in use. The same
word of G o d has been effective, and will
be, for the quickening of the soul. The
preaching of a plain straightforward Gos-
pel is successful and will continue to be so,
and yet more simple, informal, direct
preaching is needed at certain times in cer-
tain pulpits. Also it does not seem neces-
sary that there be a great deal of singing
in evangelistic services, and the Psalms ap-
ply to all departments of h u m a n need.
Christ and His disciples in their after work
did not emphasize the praise service. The
preaching of the word of G o d is the great
means for the conversion of sinners. The
singing, however, should receive attention
for evangelistic work. W e would not
recommend the manufacturing of choruses
out of oertain words of a Psalm, though
perhaps the use of a full verse for suoh pur-
pose is less objectionable. However, a
cheap Psalter, or a smaller book of selec-
tions, containing different and flexible
metres, with good music, would be a help
in reaching the unsaved. Evangelistic
work is not the same as preaching to our
congregations every Sabbath. Different
methods are sometimes necessary, and w e
should use every right means to secure the
desired end.
160 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
Evangelistic work is significant because
of the benefits that will thereby result to
us as a Church organization. It is impor-
tant for our continued existence, for our
growth, for the youth within our bounds,
and for our increase from the outside. W e
should desire growth from without as well
as from within ; not to be small, if w e oan
help it. W e should not be Covenanters
ITEMS O F MISSIONARY
ABROAD.
Latakia, Syria.—A recent letter from
Rev. Jas. S. Stewart contains the following
item of interest:
O n the 3d of June Dr. Balph and I vis-
ited the southern part of thefieldand
found at Metn about thirty-six scholars
present, at Tartous thirty, Soda twenty-
five, and all doing well. W e were very
m u c h encouraged in view of the work of
the teachers and pupils. At Metn, as
usual, the Lord's Supper was adminis-
tered, and five persons besides ourselves
sat d o w n to the Table. Afterward I
preached at Tartous, and baptized the
chUd of the teacher. Last Sabbath I was
at Bahamra and Merj, and preached at
both places, but as it is harvest time not
m a n y strangers came to hear.
If the Doctor and I could only spend
the summer in touring among the vil-
lages, it might prove the very best way to
reach the people. They are not afraid n o w
to have us go a m o n g them. S o m e of them
are asking us to reopen the schools se-
cretly, but I think that should never be
done. It is a ruinous policy.
There is no immediate prospect of re-
unless w e desire to make all others, special-
ly the unsaved, even as w e are ourselves.
Evangelistic work is the lengthening of our
boundaries, the widening of our influence.
It is increasing the endowment fund for
social and national reform. It is broaden-
ing the base and adding to the height of
the watch tower from whose summit is pro-
claimed the Kingship of Christ.
INTELLIGENCE.
opening the Moslem schools. But we are
assured that G o d has a purpose in view
and will glorify Himself in the results.
W e are just n o w (June 15) in receipt of
£20 from the Bible Land's Aid Society,
being double their usual contribution,
made in view of the increase of our ex-
penses both here and in Suadia for build-
ing and repau-s. I have just written a
letter of thanks to the Hon. Secretary.
SuAMA, Syria.—In a recent letter from
thisfield.Rev. J. Boggs Dodds writes :
Our schools, and especially our Sab-
bath ser'vices, give us great encouragement.
Every week or two there are appUcants for
places in the schools. Yesterday a man
came urging us to promise to take his son
next fall.
I bave wasted these twenty days before
writing to you about the loss w e sustained
in having our horses stolen Friday night,
April 6tb.
O n the confession of one who was
solicited by the thieves to assist in the
robbery, w e have heard the following
story : T w o Circassians from a viUage near
Antioch asked the informer to make an
opening here to steal. But the man de-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
clined on account of being implicated in
so many former robberies, and he was
afraid of being punished for them also.
These Circassians then arranged with two
other men, w h o aided in the theft. They
came over the garden wall near our house.
Then they went dowoi to the street gate
andfiledthe padlock off, thereby opening
the outside gate. The stable door was
not locked. They put thick cloth on the
horses' feet to soften their steps and then
led them out and took them away to a vil-
lage near Antioch.
W e notified the Mudeer, the local
authority, w h o immediately set about mak-
ing a great fuss, not for any good to us or
harm to the robbers, but for his o w n ad-
vantage. It is a harvest to him. H e gath-
ered up more than one hundred sus-
pected (?) ones. I think his chief suspicion
was not their being implicated in the rob-
bery, but that the m e n all being innocent
would be glad to purchase immunity from
further annoyance by paying the Mudeer a
bribe or present.
W e know that he—the M u d e e r — w a s
satisfied in his o w n mind as to w h o took
the horses, for he said so to us. H e and
others here took forty majedies from the
men who carried stone to us. A majedie
is the wages of a laboring m a n for seven
days' work. These poor fellows were told
that this money would be sent to the rob-
bers in order to buy the stolen horses, but
that afterward, when w e would get our
horses, the authorities would go and sell
the property of the robbers and refund this
money. But no one here expects to get his
money back. T h e prevailing opinion is
that the Mudeer and one or two others put
it into their pockets.
After professing great concern for our
161
protection, and after promising to restore
the horses or to pay for them in eight days,
and after making a great ado, he has con-
cluded that he has done all that he can do
and has n o w turned the whole case over to
his superior officer, the Governor of An-
tioch. W e delayed sending word to our
Consul in Beirut, hoping to see our horses
again; but after waiting fourteen days w e
informed him of our loss. To cap the
whole travesty on justice and official in-
tegrity, the Mudeer sent to find out what
present w e intended to give him for his
'great labor (?) in our behalf. W e told him
that he had accomplished nothing for us,
and as soon as possible we would report
the whole thing to our Consul, Mr. Gib-
son, in Beirut, which we have done. Sev-
eral m e n have said that the Mudeer can be
bribed by the banditti with a very small
sum of money, and thereby secure safety
for plundering. This robbery is quite a
draft on our pocketbooks, and deprives our
wives of the highly esteemed recreation of
horseback riding.
— I n a private letter from our medical
missionary, Dr. W m . M . Moore, which Mrs.
Matthew MiUer, of N e w York, has kindly
sent us, w e find the following interesting
items and take the liberty of giving them
to our readers:
Suadia is a very m u c h out-of-the-way
place, and yet there are ten or fifteen
thousand people within easy reach. The
scenery is most beautiful at the present
time (the month of May), as everything is
clothed with living green. A n d when you
get tired of the mountains, you can rest
your eyes on the blue Mediterranean with
its varied tints.
The Lower House makes a convenient
h o m e for the Girls' Sohool and I think there
162 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

will be no trouble infillingit in spite of two hours. It is diseom'aging to see such

the Turkish Government. Let every Cov- cases w h e n there is reason to believe that,
enanter praise G o d for religious liberty and if they had been taken care of, life would
pray that the dear United States m a y be have been spared. Every physician sees
brought to the feet of Jesus, as loyal sub- m a n y such cases and the great necessity is
jects to a crowned king. Here w e have only a stimulus to work harder to over-
the False Prophet as king and the fruit is come the vice and ignorance.
what m a y be expected from every usurper, W e are in constant need of white goods
misery and w o e indescribable. His yoke for bandages and dressings for surgery
is galling with no gain. cases. If some of the societies would send
There is no end to the suffering one sees us a box of old bed sheets and any white
here from physical ailments. I hope G o d garments that have become useless, we
will put money into the hands of His peo- would be very thankful. W e have used all
ple to clear off the debt incurred by the our o w n except what w e need to wear.
needed alterations in the Lower House- A s soon as I can talk well in Arabic I
For w e are only waiting to ask greater hope to have three clinics each week and
favors. There is no place for the medical spend the rest of the time in visiting. I
work to be carried on. W e n o w see patients was recently caUed to a village in the
in a little room in the Lower House, all of mountains w h e n I saw thirty-five or forty
which is needed by Miss Cunningham for patients.
the Girls' School. Besides the inconven- —Since the foregoing letter was -written,
ience and risk of bringing the children into the brethren in Suadia have made formal
contact with the patients. The latter wait in application to the Board for assistance in
the yard, or, if it is raining, they huddle into providing rooms where the sick oan be
the hallway andfillthe room. If there are cared for After talking the matter over
any hearts in fhe Churoh that are cold to and knowing that rooms for this purpose
this work, I a m sure a few minutes with us were indispensable, they have put up with-
wouldfillthem with pity. Poor little chil- in twenty feet of the gate a one- story build-
dren in the chill of death are brought to us ing, thirty-five by fourteen feet and ten
by ignorant, half-starved and half-clad feet high, which is divided into two rooms.
mothers. I saw many oases of neglect in T o meet the expenses of this small build-
hospital clinics and in practice at home, but ing, the principal of the Girls' Sohool has
I never dreamed of h u m a n beings suffering contributed £20 ($100), and Dr. and Mrs.
as they do in this land of heathen dark- Moore have given £10 ($50). At the June
ness. O n e poor widow came with a pretty meeting of the Board it was agreed to ap-
little girl, two and a half years old. It had propriate whatever would be required to
an abscess under the jaw, which the mother complete the structure.
in her ignorance had poulticed, till it had Mersine, Asia Minor.—Miss Jennie B-
broken and formed a fearful sore. I could Dodds writes that they are having yeicy
count the little heart-beats by watching the encouraging meetings in a house of one of
large artery lying bare in the bottom of the natives in the lower part of the town.
this great sore. The chUd died in about "Often," she says, " w h e n w e go, there will
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
be no one present. But w e begin to sing
and theysoon come in. W e frequently have
seventy or more to listen to the Gospel Mes-
sage. They are very attentive and many
of the same persons come every evening.''
Miss Jennie B. Dodds has also pre-
pared for the Herald op Mission News the
following statement of work done in the
Girls' School at Mersine last year. It
gives a very clear idea of what missionary
work means to the devoted young w o m e n
who are sent out to Asia Minor and Syria
as the representatives of the H o m e Churoh :
W e closed the school one week earlier
than we had intended on account of the
measles. There were thirty cases in the
last six weeks, but w e are thankful to say
that the lives of all have been spared. W e
felt the responsibility very much, as in the
absence of Dr. Metheny w e were without
,iny medical aid.
The responsible oversight of the school
rested on Miss Willia Dodds after Miss
Sterrett left for America, and she deserves
commendation for the way she has carried
on the work. I hope that in the near
future I shall have the language and be
able to do m y part.
This being m y first year in thefield,I
was very much surprised at the amount of
work done. During the year there were
taught two thousand eight hundred and
one (2,801) verses in the Bible, one thou-
sand six hundred and ninety (1,690) verses
of the metrical Psalms, and nine hundred
and sixty-seven (967) questions. Of these,
one thousand five hundred and ninety-two
(1,592) verses of Scripture, nine hundred
and ninety (990) verses of Psalms, and six
hundred (600) questions were taught to
pupUs who were not able to read and study
for themselves. Tbe teacher repeated the
163
words over, the children repeating them
after her till they had committed them to*
memory. This means a great deal of hard.
labor on' the part of the teacher. Thos©
w h o were taught in this wav were also
taught the book, the chapter and the verse
of one thousand three hundred and thirty
(1,330) passages of Scripture.
It will be of interest to know the work
of one of the teachers. Miss WiUia Dodds
taught one thousand two hundred and nine
(1,209) Bible verses, seven hundred (700)
verses of the metrical Psalms, and the
Shorter Catechism with the proofs to one
class and to another class without proofs.
This is all in Arabic and only the week-
day work. She has no record of the
amount of work done in English,
Owing to Miss Sterrett's absence I can-
not give any statement of the work she did
during the year. It is not included in
the foregoing statistics, but I assure you
she is second to no one. I remember sit-
ting in her room one day and hearing one
girl recite over forty verses of Scripture
in both Arabic and English, while another
recited overflftyin both languages.
The Ten Commandments were taught tO'
all the pupils, and for some time back have
been repeated in the Sabbath afternoon
prayer-meeting. The Lord's Prayer was
also taught to every pupU. This does not
include any of the work done on Sabbath
day. The common-school branches were
all taught as they are in the public schools
at home. Besides the Arabic there were
lessons in Greek, French and English.
A n hour and a half is spent every day in
teaching the girls to sew.
The seed is being faithfully sown, and
w e rejoice in the promise, " H e that soweth
and he that reapeth shall rejoice together.""
164 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
Antioch, Syria.—The Poreign Mission
Report presented by the Secretary, Rev.
R. Dunlap, to the Scotch Reformed Pres-
byterian Synod, atthe meeting in Glasgow,
May, 1894, contains the following para-
graphs in regard to the work in Antioch :
It is pretty well k n o w n throughout the
Church that the health of Dr. Martin has
been far from satisfactory for some years
past. Notwithstanding this fact, because
of the circumstances of the Mission, in
several respects, and particularly the fail-
ure of the Church to secure an agent or
agents to take his place, Dr. Martin con-
tinued at his post until his health com-
pletely broke down. While he ought to
have been h o m e on furlough two years ago
to recruit his health, he remained in the
fleld till a little over a year ago, when he
was compeUed to return h o m e with shat-
tered health, and in a state of nervous pros-
tration. It was hoped that some one could
be found w h o was willing to go out to Syria,
in order that Dr. and Mrs. Martin might
enjoy a m n c h needed and lengthened sea-
son of rest. The efforts m a d e to secure a
missionary to fgo out immediately to the
Mission field were not attended with the
desired success. The native brethren at
Antioch and IdUb were becoming very
anxious about the absence of their beloved
and trusted pastor and his wife; and they
forwarded an earnest appeal to the h o m e
churches to send them some one to take
Dr. Martin's place for a time, and to carry
on the work in which he had been engaged.
W h e n no one could be found to respond to
this appeal, Dr. and Mrs. Martin inade the
heroic resolution to return for a short visit
to the scene of their labors in Syria. They
had only had a brief season for rest and
though Dr. Martin's health was somewhat
improved, he was still far from being fully
restored. In such circumstances, the
resolution to return to Syria was certainly
a noble one, and it was nobly carried out.
Accordingly, in the month of December
last, our courageous friends set out on their
return journey to Syria, and, under the
favor of Divine Providence, reached Antioch
in safety on the 6th of January.
Dr. and Mrs. Martin resumed then-
labors at once. T h o u g h they only reached
the end of their fatiguing journey late on
the Saturday evening, they were in the
Sabbath-school on the next morning, where
they found 110 children and youths assem-
bled, w h o were briefly addressed by Dr.
Martin. Afterwards he gave a short dis-
course at the Morning- Society meeting.
O n the M o n d a y following, both Dr. and
Mrs. Martin visited the day Mission schools,
and conducted the examination of the
scholars, and distributed prizes. The
scholars in attendance at the day-schools
in connection with the Mission at Antioch
number 140, and the attendance at Sabbath-
school has been as large as 120. Durmg
the absence of the missionaries the Sab-
bath-school had been carried on, withont
intermission, by the ordinary teachers and
other members of the Church. The Morn-
ing and Evening Sabbath Fellowship Meet-
ings, and also the Thursday FeUowship
Meeting, had likewise been kept up. This
fact speaks volumes for the admirable
training- that the native brethren have
received from the missionaries. A congre-
gation at home, if left in similar circum-
stances, might not have manifested so great
a degree of consistency aud devotedness as
was done by these native converts from
the corrupt Greek Church.
In the last letter sent by Mrs. Martin
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
from Syria, before returning to this coun-
try, she mentions that the people have been
greatly cheered and strengthened by the
presence among them of their pastor for
three months, and that anything that had
been disarranged owing to the previous
absence of the missionaries was put in order,
and with a better prospect of continuing
so than before. She states that, "All
branches of work have revived, and are
progressing satisfactorily. The audiences
at preaching are very good. The Sabbath-
school has been larger since our return
than ever before. W e have as m a n y scholars
in the day-schools as the premises will
accommodate. T h e colporteur has been
doing his usual work about Antioch, and is
now about to set out on a tour over the
•country. A m o n g the w o m e n the Bible-
reading is diligently carried on." O n the
first Sabbath of February Dr. Martin
baptized four children. There are four also
in Idlib to be ,baptized, but Dr. Martin
was unable to undertake the journey to
that place to administer the ordinance.
The Lord's Supper was dispensed in Anti-
och on thefirstSabbath of March. There
were two additions to the membership at
the recent Communion. T h e Idlib teacher,
Yusef Abood, was present, while other two
of the Idlib brethren set out with the in-
tention of being present, but by reason of
excessive rains were prevented from arriv-
ing in time for the Communion. Though,
from various local causes, the date of the
Communion was unfavorable as regards
the attendance of strangers, yet the attend-
ance was not less than 160.
The Covenanter for July gives an
additional item of peculiar interest in re-
gard to this field. In an article on the
Proceedings of the Irish Reformed Presby-
165
terian Synod at its spring meeting in Bel-
fast, it says :
O n motion of the Poreign Mission com-
mittee it was agreed to ask Mr. W . M .
Nevin, B. A., our volunteer missionary, to
go out with Dr. Martin to Syria in the
beginning of the winter. Mr. Nevin readily
consented, asking to be sent as a licensed
and ordained minister. So a special ar-
rangement was made in order that he might
finish his Hall course in the summer or
autumn.
A n d n o w the Church enjoys the prospect
of having a second missionary, young, able,
and fully qualified, in the foreign field by
the time the year is out. Mr. Nevin de-
serves the appreciation, the sympathy, and
the prayers of all our people. His course
in school, college, and Hall has been most
successful. H e is a scholar and a thinker,
as well as a Christian gentleman. H e is an
athlete, too; in frame, wiry and enduring.
W e trust he m a y go forth with the rich
blessing of his Lord and Master; be a stay
and strength to the senior missionary; and
be the instrument of gaining m a n y souls
for the Kingdom of light.
— T h e London Missionary Society re-
ports as follows, respecting its work: A
study of the statistics, incomplete as they
unfortunately are, is very encouraging.
Ten years ago the society had in connection
with its Missions, 383 native ordained minis-
ters, and 4,493 other Christian preachers
and teachers. There were 89,359 members
in the Mission churches, and 113,616 chil-
dren in the Mission schools. Since then it
has practically withdrawn from the West
Indies, and it has been compelled to re-
linquish the Missions in the Society Islands,
the Austral Group, and on Mare; yet to-
day the numbers have greatly increased in
166 Items of 3Iissionary Intelligence.
every way ; it has 1,476 native ministers,
6,758 other male native workers, 94,192
church members, and 125,934 scholars in
its schools. These figures are full of sig-
nificance as indicative of a growing work,
but they do not and cannot convey any
impression of the far-reaching influence
exerted by the proclamation of Christian-
ity.
— T h e Church of Scotland Record says :
During 1893, there were brought into the
Church of Christ by baptism in our Por-
eign Missionfields,700 persons, and there
are n o w 6,120 native Christians in India,
Africa and China, under the care of our
missionaries, and 8,900 scholars in the Mis-
sion schools. At the Jewish Mission sta-
tions, within the last two years, there had
been thirty-three baptisms, and in the Mis-
sion schools, 2,049 children, of w h o m 1,349
were Jewish.
— T h e last annual report of the Church
Missionary Society, says in regard to its
work among the Ain us of Japan: The
long-deferred ingathering among the
Ainus has begun to be realized. They are
the degraded race found in the islands to
the north, and thought by some to be the
primitive- inhabitants. The first convert
was baptized in 1885, and nine altogether
had been admitted into the Church at the
end of 1891. During 1893, the baptisms
numbered 171, most of them at the old
Ainus capital, Piratori. Every woman- in
that toion, the Rev. L. Batchelor says, has
accepted Christ as her Saviour. H e adds:
" This is a glorious triumph of the cross,
for the w o m e n hitherto have not been al-
lowed to have any religion.''
— T h e Presbyterian Churoh in Ireland
makes the foUowing report of its work in
India: The statistical summary shows that
twenty-one adults and 122 children were
baptized during the year, and the number
of baptized members has increased from
1,780 to 1,863. Communicants have also
increased from 390 to 441, the largest in-
crease being at Ahmedabad, which has now
106 communicants, an increase of thirty-
five on last year's return. The increase
there is largely due to the restoration of
lapsed members and to removals from other
stations, but five adults were received into
the Church by baptism during the year.
In five years, communicants have m-
creased from 353 to 441, and baptized mem-
bers from 1,653 to 1,863. The number of
baptisms during the five years has
been 680, of w h o m 170 were adults. At
the end of 1838, the native Christian agency
consisted of two native pastors (ordained
in February of that year), 30 evangehsts,
nine colporteurs, and 52 Christian teachers,
or 98 in all. It has n o w increased to three
uative pastors, 36 evangelists, four colpor-
teurs, 12 Bible w o m e n , and 63 Christian
teachers, or 118 in aU. Of the evangelists
two are licentiates and about 20 are stu-
dents for the ministry.
Twenty-five Sabbath schools, with 86
teachers and an attendance of 1,820 schol-
ars, 650 being Christians and 1,170 non-
Christians, are reported, 3,105 children
attend vernacular schools and 859 attend
EngUsh schools, or 3,964 in all, 2,509 of
w h o m are boys and 1,455 girls. 302 of the
boys and 169 of the girls are Christians.
T h e largest number of baptized mem-
bers is n o w at Borsad, which, with its out-
stations, has 472, of w h o m 84 are commu-
nicants ; but Ahmedabad, with 457 baptized
membeis, has 106 communicants, and
Anand, with 452 baptized members, has
109 communicants. Surat comes next with
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 167

226 baptized members, of w h o m 68 are an instructive address was given by the

communicants, and Gogha next with 162 pastor. T h e collection at this meeting
baptized members and 49 communicants. amounted to $20.10. T h e total amount
The number of unbaptized adherents raised by the society is $108.62. Of this,
under instruction is n o w 328, being 14 $10 was sent to Domestic Mission, $17 to
fewer than the number at the end of 1892; Cyprus Mission, $4.17 to Seattle Church,
but including these, the total Christian $50 to Foreign Mission, and $7 as thank-
community is 2,191, or 69 more than it was offering to Presbyterial Convention.
at the end of last year. Five years ago W e have m u c h to be grateful for and to
the total was 2,194; but of these 541, or encourage us to labor for the cause of Mis-
nearly one-fourth, were unbaptized adher- sions.
ents. Mrs. T. H. Acheson,
— T h e eightieth annual report of the Preiident.
American Baptist Missionary Union thus Mary E. Guthrie,
summarizes the growth from last year Secretary.
in the most important features of its Mis-
sions : missionaries, 20; native preachers, St. Louis, Mo.—A letter from Rev. T. A.
68; churches, 8 1 ; church members, 15,- Rusk informs us that the new church in
499; scholars in Sabbath-schools, 5,312 ; St. Louis will be opened for public ser-
scholars in Mission schools, 1,526; contri- vices on the 29 th of July. Rev. Joseph
butions in thefield,$8,631.52. McCracken, of Birmingham, Mich., the
second pastor of the oongregation, labor-
AT HOME. ing there faithfully for 15 years, is ex-
Hopkinton, Ia.—Annual report of the pected to preach on the occasion. W e
Ladies' Missionary Society of Hopkinton congratulate our young brother and his
congregation for year ending AprU, 1894: people on having a comfortable place in
W e have held twelve regular meetings which to meet for worship, and w e trust
during the year, with an average attend- that it will be a center of successful evan-
ance of nine (9). There are thirty m e m - gelistic operations. N ofieldwill yield so
bers in our society. Pour n e w names have large a return for the same amount of labor
been added to our roll this year, and two as one of our western cities. O n every
of our members have been removed by side and within easy reach are multitudes
death. W e cherish their m e m o r y and as yet untouched by the message of Eter-
should strive to follow their example of nal Life, w h o once brought under the influ-
Christian activity and zeal for the work of ence of divine trath will be the salvation
the Gospel. of the community. Young, well educated,
The work of the society has gone on in in love with his profession and not likely
the ordinary way, m u c h interest, and, w e to be satisfled without seeing results, Mr.
trust, profit attending our meetings. Rusk will not fail, under the guidance, but
Our annual meeting was held April 17th, through the power of the Anointing Spirit,
and was a very interesting one. Letters to gather around him a congregation of
from the different Missions were read, and consecrated m e n and women.
 STATISTICAL REPORT OF THE WOMAN'S MISSIONARY SOCIETY OF PITTSBURG PRESBYTERY.
For the Tear EKDmo April 1st, 1894.

°»' 1
Societies. Peesid-ents. CoERESPoisniNe Sec. 1 1 i|
'% a 1 n
1* 1
Lailie.^.
Allegheny Mr.s. .T. T. Morton Mrs .s M Orr 50 $116 00 $176 68 $60 00 $128 67 $150 00 $96 28
Beaver Falls Mrs. W . M. Glasgow.... Mrs. R. J. Bole SO 80 00 100 00 10 00 10 00 ".'.'..'.'..
Bear Run $3 00 $8 00
Central Allegheny Margery Beckett Mrs. H. Hamor SO "so'oo' 12 00 4 00 "28 00
East End Miss Elizabeth Love....
.'Wrs.".r. W. Sproull 46 87 00 50 00 2 00 25 00 "d.'i "s'm
CTeneraBeaver
Little , Mi-s. .J. M. Coleman 10 00reorganiz 1 65
>rah("'nin£r Mrs. W. U. Uice 13 SO 00 (Ee 3ently 44 00
Miller's Run Mame Caskey
Miss Ji^tta H. Thomson.. 86 00
Mis. .j. C. K. Fai'is 21 11 00 50 00 80 00 1 20 00 "is'oo' "ii"o9'
15 18
XNewcastle
e w Alexandria Mrs. A. Pollock
.'VJargaret E. Patterson .
Mrs. .1.fi.Boggs 30 13 50 6110 87
00 15 00 1 80 812 00
North Union Mrs. M. W . Crozier .Mrs.l). W. Wilson 10 SO 00 2S 00 12 00 45 00 12 00 5 75
Parnassus
Pittsburg Mrs. .T. K. Slater Kittle l\t. Dickey 85 SO 00 18 40 "iooo" 10 00 142 00 35 00 6 44
1 45
8prin^eld ,. Mrs. A. E. R,.
.S. .Spi-oull
Crt.iwe Miss Mary Miller 45 15 00 51 00 35 BO 6 00 20 00 41 40
Union Mrs.
Jlrs. B..^.Kilpatrick Mrs. .J.C.S.Barr "'a'35' 7 52.
Wilkinsburff S. Martin Mrs. .J. .\rthui- a5 15 00 200 00 17 00 40 00 13 50
TounKstown Mrs.
Mrs. R..T. C.
A.Wylie
Forsythe Mrs.
Mr.s. WMartin
. .T. Ward 1(1 70 00 80 00 8 08
Toung People.s\ Mrs. K. M.
Mrs. .J. H. Elliott
Campbell.... Edda Forsj'tho 17 35 00 20 00
A. M. llilligan, Pittshurj,'.... Stella Musser Mrs. W . S.Wilson 10 00 115 4S
Beaver Falls Mrs. .1. R. McKee 51 10 00 11 50
.Jennie George Rachel McKnight... m 25 00 100 00 '•rs'oo
Central Allegheny
Ch'drlren's Bainl^. .•^fiss M. Caskey Bertha Haslett 20 "is'so' 5 00
AUeghenv 3 00 153 2300 2 00 3 00 22 25 3 18
Beaver Falls Melissa Bole •20 2 20
Florence Kennill 5 00
Central AUeghenv
C-eneva Gertrude K. Sproull 39 "io 25 28 25 53 95
8 73
Vail J>ownie "'s'oo'
N e w Cialilee Bessie .Johnston 11 6 00 8 00 2 00 ... 18 45
Mamie (ia.skey SO "sa'oo'
R. .1. Oeorge, Beaver Falls..
Spring Garden Band, Central Maggie Boggs 1
Francis Shields 15 96 00
Allegheny
Wilkinsburg Anna Lawson
Annie Etter Por home work.) 5 56
fllive McElveny 17 1
.1. Totals....".
B. Mclsaac 819 520 25 1066 93 217 58 811 82 49 00 897 20 264 59 107 76
Anna WyUe 20 371 2]
16
30
ao
15
80
85
88
 M O N O G R A P H S .
OUR MISSION S C H O O L S IN TUR-
KEY.
The United States Government seems
quite indifferent to the illegal interference
of the Turkish authorities with our mis-
sionary operations in Syria and Asia Minor.
At least twice the whole question has been
formally presented to the Department of
State, with no other result than a polite
assurance that " copies of your Papers
have been transmitted to our Minister at
Constantinople, witb instructions to take
prompt action on behalf of the American
interests in schools which your Board has
established in Turkey."
W h e n Mr. Oscar Straus was the Minis-
ter at Constantinople, he insisted that our
missionaries should be allowed to carry on
their work so long as they complied with
the law relating to public instruction. A
lawyer of experience, familiar with existing
treaties and a thorough patriot, he would
not Usten to any compromise. Claiming
that the missionaries were protected by
treaty stipulation in the exercise of their
profession, he would not yield an inch.
But on his removal, w h e n the Republicans
came into power in 1889, at the dictation
of an intensely partisan supporter of the
new administration, the opposition of Otto-
man officials became even more formidable
than it had previously been; nor, during
all these years, has the American Govern-
ment had the courage to demand for the
missionaries, as loyal citizens of the United
States, respect and full liberty to prose-
cute their work. T h e present Minister to
Turkey, M r . A. W . Terrell, has perhaps
unintentionally, but really, sustained the
Turks in their open disregard to the rights
of American citizens. His great aim seems
to be to win the favor of the Sultan. Wit-
169
ness the laughable item that went the
rounds of the newspapers a few weeks ago :
San Antonio, Texas, June 8.—A. W . Ter-
rell, United States Minister to Turkey, is
having two silver and gold mounted sad-
dles made in this city, which he will pre-
sent to the Sultan of Turkey and that
ruler's favorite son. T h e saddles are of
the Texas cowboy pattern.
Read also his telegram to Dr. Metheny :
"Are you keeping Moslem children in
sohool against the will of their parents ?
If so, deliver them up, and write m e the
facts ;" and a letter of explanation, written
evidently after he had been called to ac-
count for his imprudence (see Heeald of
Mission N e w s for M a y , p. 110).
In the following letters, one official and
the other personal, written in reply to his
explanation, our senior missionary puts the
ease so clearly as to make very plain to
Minister Terrell the course thatfidelityto
an official trust requires him to pursue in
this matter :
Mersine, Asia Minoe, March 26, 1894.
Hon. A. W. Terrell, U S. Mifiister to the
Sublime Porte at Constantinople.
Deae Sib : In reply to yours of March
10th and inclosure, allow m e to say that w e
have not yet received your letter referred to.
In reply to the inclosed charge, allow m e
to refer you to m y letter of January 24,
1894, which covers the points in the issue.
I shall ask Consul Gibson, w h o is soon
to visit Mersine, to report on this subject
and several others requiring of&cial atten-
tion.
A U o w m e to state that during m y resi-
dence of 30 years here there have always
been Ansairiyeh children in our m a n y
170 Monogra.phs.
schools conducted by British and United
States missionaries. There are and always
have been Moslem, Druse and Ansairiyeh
children in the British and American
schools all along the east coast shore of
the Mediterranean.
This is strictly within the provisions of
the Imperial school law, to which w e have
ever been careful to conform.
The law does not contemplate invidious
distinctions between religions nor exclude
any one from any class, rank or religion
from the superior advantages ofour schools.
W h e n in 1892 the Ottoman Govern-
ment sought by a general order of Janu-
ary to modify the school law, the signatory
powers had the order promptly rescinded,
and would not allow any part of the pro-
visions of the old law to be admitted to dis-
cussion at all or changed in any way with-
out their consent.
At that time H. B. M.'s Ambassador,
Sir Clare Ford, G. 0. B., informed a depu-
tation of missionaries of his official decision
— N o . 4: " Missionaries cannot be required
to refuse Moslem applicants for admission
into the schools." The United States Le-
gation had taken the same ground.
The uncle of the girls in question desires
to increase his harem by marrying one or
both of them. As they have been eight
years under instruction and have accepted
the Christian religion, they have been bap-
tized and received into membership of the
Mission Church at Mersine. They are free
to leave the school whenever they like.
Being of age, they decline to be delivert d
up to the Government to be thrust into
this incestuous relationship, a thing abhor-
rent to them. They demand that their
Christian liberty, according to the W o r d of
G o d and stipulated in the Paris and also
the Berlin treaty, shall not be molested.
They have already through the Evangeli-
cal AUiance of Britain asked the British
Cabinet to sustain them in their rights.
A s to Teljie (the deaf and d u m b chOd),
there being no institution in Turkey where
she could be taught and saved from the
most wretched misery, I hold that I dis-
charged m y duty towards the Turkish Gov-
ernment in her case, and that m y act of
kindness towards the poor, helpless, dumb
child entitles m e not to the blame, but to
the commendation of every humane man,
even to that of the Turkish officials. She
was taken to the United States with the
knowledge and consent of her father.
W e here beUeve that her case •was
brought up at the late date by the Adana
authorities, in order to forestall a number
of instances of the maladministration
which they rightly expect w e wiU take up
against them when Consul Gibson comes
to Mersine.
W e hope soon to avail ourselves of your
kind assurance of protection in " every
legal and equitable right," and shaU ask
you to sustain us in the right to practice
our missionary profession which we haye
enjoyed for so m a n y years, and 'which right
was confirmed to us in the Berlin treaty.
I am, dear sir, respectfully yours,
David Metheny.
(Personal.)
Salonique, April 13, 1894.
H o n . A . W . Terrell, U S. Minister to
Sublime Porte.
Deak Sie : I had hoped to visit you on
m y way to the United States, but in my
very feeble state of health I could not ven-
 MonograpJis.
ture to run the risk of any fatigue I could
possibly avoid.
I was anxious to apprise you a little
beforehand of the united action about to
be taken by the British and American mis-
sionaries on the northeast coast of the
Mediterranean.
W e hope soon to lay before you formally
for your official action several important
questions bearing on Mission work, and
especially the irregularities of Turkish
officials, who, w e would like to think, have
been acting independent of the Imperial
wiU. W e are loath to think His Imperial
Majesty, the Sultan, would sanction, in the
face of his o w n declarations and the Berlin
treaty, the acts of repression and violence
apparently systematically committed by
them.
Surely, His Majesty has no better friends
or none w h o labor more devotedly for the
best interests and welfare of his empire
and the peoples a m o n g w h o m w e have lived
and labored—some of us for near 30 years
—in strict compliance with the laws and
treaties.
Whatever others m a y groundlessly think,
and for private ends and aims try to make
appear, w e challenge the strictest investi-
gation of our policy and acts during our
residence here.
The predecessor of His Excellency Kamil
Pasha visited the Ansairiyeh Mountains,
where our schools were in operation, and
made a report highly commending the
beneficent and civilizing influence of our
schools a m o n g the Ansairiyeh, afierceand
warklike people, often in rebellion then,
but now for m a n y years at peace with the
authorities. They are not Moslems at aU,
nor are they allowed to worship in the
mosques of Jebily, Latakia or Antioch, nor
171
in Tarsus, Adana or Mersine, where many
thousands of them dwell ; being an oath-
bound secret society, w h o do not proselyte
or admit to their secret rites and cere-
monies any from the outside world, but
only the sound-in-body-and-mind sons of
Ansairiyeh. Their daughters are never
taught their religion, and are thought by
them not to have souls.
Those of them w h o have accepted the
Christian reUgion have ever been carefully
instruoted to be loyal citizens. W e k n o w
of no single instance where any of them
have joined in rebellion against the Gov-
ernment. Indeeed, they have acted as
peacemakers. W e are well aware that by
their peaceful character they have averted
and prevented open outbreak and uprising.
They are faithful soldiers. Indeed, in the
disturbance a few years ago with Greece,
they served with distinguished faithfulness.
and some of them were promoted from the
ranks and publicly commended.
I could only wish His Majesty the Sul-
tan could be m a d e acquainted with these
facts. I feel confldent he would speedUy
put an end to such acts of repression as I
shall detail to you as soon as w e complete
our conference with the Evangelical Alli-
ance of Britain, Germany and America.
W e have borne and kept silence long.
W e r e I acquainted with the present
Grand Vizier as I a m with his excellent
predecessor, I should ask an interview.
I a m hopeful I could allay every mis-
apprehension.
W e have no sympathy or any connection
whatever with the Armenian irregularities,
purposes or methods. In fact, w e disap-
prove and strongly reprobate the course of
the Marsovan professors, which in no way
represents the sentiments of any mission-
172 Monographs.
aries in this region. W e labor among
Arabic-speaking peoples here. W e have
reason to conclude that there must be evil-
disposed persons w h o are endeavoring to
create suspicion against us and our peace-
ful purpose and work.
W e only teach from books officially ap-
proved by the Government, and preach
that righteousness of Christ which exalteth
a nation, and against sin, which is a re-
proach to any people.
In accordance with the Berlin treaty,
which amply covers our work, H . B. M.'s
Ambassador, Sir Clare Ford, G. C. B.,
gave several deliverances to a deputation
visiting him in 1892.
No. 3 reads: " N o (British) school can
be closed for any reasons whatever, except
with the consent of H . B. M.'s embassy."
No. 4: " Missionaries cannot be required
to refuse Moslems applying for admission
to their schools." This was substantially
the position of the United States Legation,
which refused to require police duties of
their missionaries.
Still, through one pretext or another,
about 40 schools conducted by British and
American missionaries have been closed
and teachers sent away and forbidden to
return to their homes.
Police have intercepted school-children
returning from school; their parents'
names taken d o w n ; they have been called
before the authorities and threatened if
they continued to send them to our school
in Adana. The chiefs of the vUlage of Kar-
radowar were threatened with imprison-
ment if they patronized our school there.
In Tarsus the names of the children were
taken down and they ordered into the
Moslem school, although the ehUdren were
not Moslems, but Ansairiyeh.
It is impossible for the central authori-
ties to k n o w the facts better than w e do.
Only a few weeks ago, in Smyrna, the
police constrained Moslem pupils to leave
school there.
T h e W a l y of Adana insisted on m y send-
ing out of our Mersine school the Ansairi-
yeh children there.
W e are about to present these facts to
the EvangeUcal Alliance, w h o will ask the
signatory powers to act in the matter.
I, as I have already said, feel it to be my
duty to let you k n o w beforehand, for your
aid in intelligent action, for which you will
be called on, as well as several more per-
sonal and less general cases of irregulari-
ties.
I a m anxious for a peaceful solution of
these questions, if at aU practicable, but we
shall demand every right guaranteed to us
by the Imperial law and the treaty of Ber-
lin.
W e shall request to be aUowed to prac-
tice our missionary profession as we were
doing before the treaty was framed for
nearly 43 years.
W e fail to see any reason for the " boy-
cotting " to which w e have recently been
subjected. W e can only attribute it to
some evil-disposed persons, who would
serve private ends and aims even against
the very best interests of His Imperial
Majesty the Sultan, for w h o m we often
publicly pray.
BeUeve me, dear sir, respectfully yours,
DA'VID Methent.
Take in ; connection with these letters,
the admirable paper that Dr. Metheny
addressed to the Evangelical AUiance when
in London, on his way to this country three
months ago, and you have a complete
 Monographs. 173
story of the Turkish interference with our been kept and, though ordered by the Waly,
work: he has not returned others in place of
To the Evangelical Alliance, London. them. The practice of medicine has been
M r . A . J. Arnold, Secretary. thus interfered with by intimidation. W e
have diplomas from Constantinople.
Deak Sib : As you are aware, many Mis- In Mersine permit to build is withheld
, sion-schools, carried on by the British and because w e will not promise to not have a
American niissionaries on the northeast school in the building. Our books for our
coast of the Mediterranean, have been, one o w n private use in our families are all sub-
by one, closed by the poUce stopping the ject to seizure and examination, and are
school-children—as in Adana, taking from sometimes detained for months. W e cannot
the chUdren the names of their parents, travel on a United States or a British pass-
to be haled before the authorities and there port. W e suffer endless annoyance in
threatened, and thus intimidated from send- getting them visaed, so that w e urge to be
ing their chUdren, thus closing the school- allowed to travel on our o w n passports.
as in Taesus, the police ordering the chU- Thus the m a n y years of patient toil and
dren into the Moslem school. T h e Waly of the great expense of preparing teachers
Adana recently demanded of Dr. Metheny w h o are n o w idle is wasted. The pirepara-
fhat he give him the names of the Ansairiyeh tion of a future ministry is estopped. The
and Moslem chUdren and send them out of toil of long years is rendered futile. Thus
the school in Meesine. This demand has it will be impossible to secure a native
not been pomplied with. The chiefs of the ministry, and the end and aim of Mission
riUage Caeadowab had been called to Mer- work is thwarted. In view of all this w e ask
sine and ordered under threats to take that w e may not thus be harrassed and
their children out of school. prevented from the full enjoyment and
Only two out of 13 schools in the Prov- exercise of all that is guaranteed to us in
ince of Adana are n o w in operation. the Berlin Treaty, in the practice of our
So only five or six schools out of about missionary callings, and that the people
30 in the Latakia reg'ion n o w remain. shall not thus arbitrarily be prevented from
Teachers have been imprisoned till they availing themselves of these very advan-
gave promise they would not again teach. tages for which the treaties were framed.
Some were sent away and not allowed to Respectfully,
return, others were fined. Villagers have David Metheny.
been ordered not to be present to hear London, April 26, 1894.
preaching; missionaries have been ordered
not to preach to the Ansairiyeh and Along with this address we publish the
Moslems. touching appeal of Zahara and Sophia to
Books stamped and authorized to be the British Cabinet:
used by the Government at Damascus have W e , Zahara and Sophia, are two daugh-
been seized in Mersine by the president of ters of Ibraheem al Misree, of the Ansai-
the sohool council. riyeh inhabitants of the Northern Lebanon
The certificates of twelve teachers have Mountains (v. The Asian Mystery, by Rev.
174 Monographs.
Samuel Lyde, M . A., Longman, Green,
L o n g m a n and Roberts, 1860).
The religion of our people is secret, and
is never revealed to the females. They do
not proselyte, nor admit any to their m e m -
bership, except such sons as have no phys-
ical blemish.
Our father, w h o was partially educated
in the American Mission school of Northern
M o u n t Lebanon, more generally styled the
Ansiree Mountain, had imbibed sufficient
of their teaching to desire the education of
us, his chUdren. H e accordingly placed us
about eight years ago in the American
Mission-school, of the Covenanter Church,
at Mersine, a town of Asia Minor, in which
school w e have pursued our studies ever
since.
W e have another sister, Telgie, who,
because she is both deaf and dumb, could
not be educated in this school in which w e
have received our education. Our father
desired that this sister, Telgie, should
secure an education also, such as she would
be capable of receiving, and because there
was no school within the Turkish Empire
where such unfortunates could be in-
structed. Rev. David Metheny, M . D., of this
Mission took her to America, with om-
father's consent, to receive an education.
This, Doctor Metheny very generously did,
taking her with him about five years ago,
and placing her in an institution iu Phila-
delphia, Pa., in which she has learned to
read and write and to speak by signs, i, e.,
in the language of mutes.
W e , Zahara and Sophia, having become
acquainted with the doctrines of the Bible
and of the Christian religion, have embraced
Christianity, and at our o w n request have
been baptized, and received into the m e m -
bership of the Covenanter Mission Church
at Mersine.
W e have an uncle in Tarsus, some eighteen
miles from here, w h o desiring to enlarge
his harem, by the reception of one of us
into it, endeavored to decoy us away from
the Mission-school; baffled in his attempt,
but stUl determined to secure possession
of us, he accused our father to the Turkish
Government, in Mersine, for having placed
his children in a Christian school. The
Government has accordingly demanded us
from the American Mission as Moslem
girls. T h e reason of this is, that although
the religion of our people is secret, and not
M o h a m m e d a n , and indeed abhorrent to the
M o h a m m e d a n s , the Ansairiyeh are accus-
tomed to conform to the outward rites of
the religion which prevails in the country
where they dwell, regarding the outward
form of reUgion as a garment which may
be changed at one's pleasure or discretion.
For the sake of the service of Ansahiyeh
young m e n in the army, to which they are
conscripted, the Turkish Government toler-
ates theirfiction,and recognizes them as a
sect of Mohammedans.
Our father having been cited before the
local authorities, severely reprimanded and
denounced, and ordered under threat of
fine and imprisonment to deliver us, his
daughters, to the local authorities, and yet,
dreading the consequences to om- persons
if he should comply, 'risited us and straiUy
enjoined us that w e should on no account
leave the Mission-school.
The Government, as w e have said, de-
manded us from Dr. Metheny as Moslem
girls. The demand was made through the
United States Consulate. The Consulate
decided against the Government's claim.
The Turkish Government then appealed
to the United States Legation, and Doctor
Metheny tells us, that from the tone of the
correspondence w e appear to be regarded
 Mo7iographs. 175
as minors and that w e m a y be forcibly anger. I began to inquire the cause of his
seized—a result most deplorable for us. wrath. It appeared to have been aroused
Noy, I, Zahara, state that I a m of age ac- in this way -. Without m y consent he had
cording to Turkish law, and that I decline brought his son, a lad of fourteen years, to
to return to m y father, or to accept the work with him. This is according to cus-
Mohammedan religion, and with the knowl- tom here, the son to be apprentice to the
edge and hearty consent of the mission- father, so as to become his successor in
aries of this station, we, both Zahara and the trade. This boy had been here before
Sophia, appeal to the British Government and I knew that he would do nothing un-
to protect us according to the Treaty of less I was there to watch him constantly.
Hatti Hamayoun, Treaty of Paris, 1856. There was a Fellah boy of about
Itis exceedingly abhorrent to our feelings twenty, doing a certain work on the
as Christians to be forced into any harem, ground. Instead of the apprentice
but especially into the harem of an uncle. coming d o w n the ladder to get mor-
W e appeal to you to save us this shame tar for his father, the tile-layer, he
for the sake of Christ. would order this Fellah boy to bring the
Signed in Arabic. mortar, while he would sit and do nothing.
I had noticed this and had called the
Two members of the delegation, ap- would-be master of the tile trade down
pointed by Synod, visited Washington, but from his perch and told him that if he
were unable to obtain an interview with would not, or could not get the mortar and
President Cleveland, owing to his indisposi- let Yusef, the Fellah, do his own work, that
tion at the time. A carefully prepared I would put Yusef in his place. In less
statement of the foregoing facts, however, thanfiveminutes I heard the lad calling to
was left with his private secretary, and Yusef to get him a bucket of mortar. I went
there is reason to hope that the Govern- to him and called him d o w n to do Yusef's
ment will yet take decisive action in the work and sent the Fellah to work on the
matter. roof with the tile-layer. After the change
was made, I went to look after other men.
"WORK WITH A FELLAH!" As I turned m y back the lazy scamp ran
This was the first of a volley of loud- up the ladder, and his father said:
spoken sentences that I understood one " W h y is this Fellah here in your
day while at work on the Lower House. place ?"
Hearing a commotion among the men, I "Because the Kussees (preacher) said
went to ascertain the cause. A s I entered that he is better than I, and I must leave
the door I met the m a n w h o had been lay- here and let that FeUah work with you."
ing the tiles on the roof. H e was excited At this the father came down from the
and going off in great anger. H e shouted roof in a great rage, cursing " the Fella-
back to those at the head of the ladder : heen dog," and left the premises. There
" W o r k with a Fellah! M y boy not so were several Moslems, some FeUaheen and
good as a Fellah ! " some Greeks at work, and all were excited.
Not to be appeased, he left us in great The irate tile-layer was a Greek. Just to
176 Monographs.

let the despisers of the poor Fellaheen before leaving them, " I loved this people
k n o w that missionaries regarded not the before, but n o w I shall love them more
vaunted superiority of Greek and M o s - stiU."
lem over Fellaheen, I called the FeUah to (c) T h e prejudices which encumbered
bring m e mortar, and said: " C o m e up and theirfirststeps are fast falling off, and the
work with m e on the roof." educated Italians begin to reckon among
W e worked together for an hour or two, the glories of Italy to have had the martyr
I laying the tiles and he attending me. church between its boundaries.
The insulted (?) Greek saw us at our work, 5. They have in Florence a first-class
and in a few days he came back in a fine theological seminary, whose professors can
humor asking for work again. compare favorably 'with the distinguished
I think the lesson was not in vain. A s professors of Europe and America, an
I sat on that roof in the hot sun, perform- item of no small importance, seeing that
ing n e w labor to me, m y heart was lifted the educated class, which is the leading
in prayer to G o d to speed the day w h e n all
class in Italy, cannot be reached through
will be one in Christ Jesus, our Lord. teachers that are not thoroughly educated,
J. B. D. as thirty years' experience prove.
6. They are by far the strongest body of
ITALY AND THE WALDENSES. evangelicals in Italy. Out of 25,000 (round
1. The Churoh of the Waldenses is the numbers) of Italian-speaking Protestants
native evangelical church of Italy, having 18,500 belong to the Waldensian Chureh;
been there for centuries before the the others are divided into six denomina-
Reformation. tions.
2. It is a church which has been tried 7. T h e fourth part of their number,
and has stood the trial of 33 bloody nearly 5,000, have been gained outside of
persecutions and the freezing influence of their valleys, and their progress has been
rationalism. It is an experienced instru- steady and constant.
ment. 8. Their efforts in favor of the young
have been especially blessed ; their schools
3. T h e Waldenses of to-day m a y be
in the Missionfieldhave beoome too small
expected to reap what their forefathers
to accommodate all the children that Boman
have sown. The sufierings, the groans,
Catholic parents are willing, nay anxious, to
the tears and the blood of God's people
trust to their eare and teaching.
cannot come and go without some result.
Their 44 missiou'M'y congregations and
(The promise of Ex. xx, 6.)
53 stations are spread from the north to
4. T h efirstfruits are seen abeady: the very south of the peninsula and the
(a) Emancipated only in 1848, they have islands, aud they employ for this wort 42
advanced with great strides from a state of ordained pastors with a complete theologi-
bondage to that of a full enjoyment of all cal training, aud 96 evangelists, teachers,
the rights of Italian citizens. colporteurs, aud Bible-men and Bible-
{h) The King of Italy, visiting their val- w o m e n .
leys in September, last year (1893), said For the foregoing reasons the Mission-
 Monographs. 177
ary Herald of the Presbyterian Church in suffering, actuated by no hope of gain and
Ireland commends the Waldenses to the stimulated by no reward from m e n — s u c h
practical sympathy of other churches, add- lives as serve as a standard, an example
ing that they obviously cannot carry on the which all of us would wish to follow."
work of evangelizing Italy alone, as the It was this same government official w h o
area of the "Waldensian valleys is not larger said some years ago in defense of mission-
than some of the ranches of the far West, ary work in India:
and that on it and from it 20,000 people " The point that I would insist on to-day
must get their daily bread." is this, that whether successful or not, the
work of offering Christianity to the people
FOREIGN MISSIONARIES. is one that ought to be persevered in, since
In a recent address delivered in Calcutta, without that w e should fail to utilize one
Sir Charles EUiott, the Lieutenant Gov- arge section of the influence which the
ernor of Bengal, bore noble testimony to European ought to have on the Asiatic
the value of missionary work. Speaking mind. I hold that it is the part of Missions
of the growth of morality in India and the to carry on and complete the work which
spread of education a m o n g its people he England is placed here by Providence to
said: "These are the very objects which effect, and which would be imperfect with-
government proposes to itself. Its devo- out them. The government of India can
tion to these objects is a m o n g the main do m u c h ; if it could not, w e w h o are its
reasons which justify our presence in this servants could not feel the pride and en-
country; and I think there are m a n y of us thusiasm with which w e serve it.
who would even say that they would not It can bestow education on the masses, and
consent to serve government at all if they can even offer, with a doubtful and hesitat-
did not believe that its aims and effects ing hand, a maimed and cold code of morals.
tended in this direction. F r o m this point But it can go on further, and there its
of view no officer of government can fail influence stops. Consider what a vast hiatus
to recognize in the noble body of mission- this stoppage implies. Government cannot
aries an auxUiary force of the greatest value, bestow on the people that which gives to
fighting in the most effectual manner on life its color, and to love of duty its noblest
our side, using weapons of precision and incentive; it cannot offer the highest mor-
weight, and taking a most important part ality, fortified by the example of the Di-
in the campaign because they occupy a vinely Perfect Life. It is here that the
portion of the field which it is vital to missionary steps in to supplement the work
success to hold, but which we, from our of the official. . I make bold to say
very limitations, are unable to occupy. A n d that if Missions did not exist, it would be
\ for one should feel it a never-ceasing our duty to invent them."
source of regret if I lost any opportunity
of expressing the admiration which I feel THE KEY TO THE BIBLE.
for the self-sacrificing and devoted lives of The Rev. Dr. Pentecost, in an address at
missionaries spent in this country under the last anniversary of the British and
circumstances of m u c h trial and physical Foreign Bible Society, said: " I was pro-
178 Monographs,
f oundly struck one day when I was address-
ing about a thousand educated Brahmins
in India on the question of the claims of
Jesus. There was an intellectual old Brah-
min of some 75 years of age, with gray
hair, and afinelychiselled face, a m a n w h o
had given his life to the study of his o w n
Scriptures, and of the philosophies that
are suggested by it. After the address I
spoke to him. In commencing with a
remark which was common, I said, ' Sir,
are you a Christian f ' for there were some
Christian Brahmins. It was a meeting
entirely for Brahmins. H e took m y hand,
and the tears were in his eyes. I had been
reading the story of Jesus, and trying to set
forth His character. 'No,'he said, 'I a m
not a Christian. I a m a Hindoo. I suppose
that I shall always be a Hindoo. I never
heard a Christian address before.' A n d
then, abandoning the salaam and accepting
the English salutation of a handshake, he
looked into m y face and said, ' But, sir, I
could love Him.' A h ! it is that Bible that
carries to all men, not only to these Brah-
mins of India, but to those dear children of
our venerable missionary of the Hebrides,
Dr. Paton, not abstract questions of theol-
ogy, not abstract questions of literature
not abstract questions of science and phil-
osophy, but, the Person of Jesus Christ
— w h o is the Substance of the Bible—the
K e y to the Bible, the Meaning of the Bible,
the All of the Bible."
ANSWERED PRAYER.
The Rev. Dr. G. L. Mackay, the eminent
and successful missionary in the island of
Formosa, in a recent address at Toronto
said: "The Church at h o m e should be more
in prayer. W h e n I told the natives there
was a telegraph system here, and we could
send messages so rapidly, some of the peo
pie started and walked away. These wen
the literati; w h e n I told them message:
could be sent under the sea, they began tc
reason, ' H o w could paper go under thc
seaV The literati said that it was belo'w
their sublime wisdom, and wouldn't listei
to it. S o m e years after, a telegraph line
was established in Formosa, and I brought
the people in crowds to see it. They said,
' N o w , after this w e will believe all that
you say to us.' Then I told them, ' A U the
island will b o w to Jesus. N o w you aaid
you would believe what I said—believe
that.' I taught m y students in the day
and preached Jesus at night. There
was a Chinaman w h o had trumped up all
sorts of falsehoods about us and circulated
them through the country. W e prayed and
prayed that G o d would convert him. One
day he invited m e and m y students to his
house where he had prepared a splendid
feast on tables out in the open air, for it was
a lovely day. H e called us in and said,
' I believe G o d is true, I know H e is, and I
have been a servant of the devil all the time.
Talk about G o d not being able to answer
prayer! D o not tell that to me. TeU it
to some one else if you must tell it. Do not
tell it to me.' W e had prayed for this
wicked man, and he was converted."
THE SAMOANS.
Sir Robert Stout, w h o has recently risited
Samoa in connection with poUtical affairs,
bears testimony to the noble work done by
the missionaries within the group of islands.
H e says that every Samoan vUlage has a
native pastor, w h o is school-master as well,
and that Samoans generally can read and
write. They all go to church, each person
carrying, according to the old Scotch cus-
 Monographs. 179

torn a Bible and h y m n book rolled up in was asked what he would do now, and re-
a white handkerchief. That they use these plied : " In your eyes the witch doctor has
books is shown by the turning of the leaves proved m e guilty, but G o d knows I a m not.
in the congregation. Sir Robert Stout You may kill m y body, but m y soul will go
describes some of the schools and the faith- up to live with Jesus." Mr. Carnegie says
ful work that is done in them, referring he felt sure he had not lived in vain in
specially to the Malua college, which is Matebeleland when he saw a young m a n
located at a distance of two and one-half refuse to go back and live as a heathen, and
hours from Apia. There are 105 students stand by his Christian faith when he was
here, 50 of w h o m are married. These knocked to the ground with a club, while
students are of the higher grade and the his hot blood was flowing on the ground.
course is four years.- A m o n g them were This missionary, in view of recent events.
some natives from the Gilbert and Ellice expects on his return to Matebeleland to
groups. Each student has his own little find an openfield." The one great obstacle
room in one of the many small houses of fear and dread in the way of past prog-
which are built on each side of the square. ress—the club of Lobengula—has been
There are about 350 acres of land belong- broken in pieces like a potter's vessel, and
ing to the institution, and the students raisethe people now will not point any more to
their own food on this land. Here have Buluwayo with their fingers as a final
been trained teachers and preachers, not argument to silence their tongue from con-
only for Samoa, but for other groups, and fessing Christ." A n d Mr. Carnegie adds
especially for N e w Guinea, which these that he believes that if the Matebele were
Samoans regard as their special missionary asked how the white man's power had
field. availed for their destruction many of them
would reply: " The blood of those innocent
CONFESSING CHRIST. m e n and w o m e n w h o m w e have slain in
The Rev. Mr. Carnegie, of the London the past has overtaken us and fallen upon
Missionary Society, w h o has labored for ten us."
years among the Matebele tribe says that
they cringed before the powerful chieftain READ THE BIBLE.
Lobengula, w h o was believed to make rain, One of the greatest foes to an apprecia-
the new moon, and to sleep with one eye tion of the Bible is scrappy, inconsecutive
open, and they for the most part followed reading. Once, at least, and as often as
his example in rejecting the Gospel. Yet possible thereafter, read every book in the
Mr. Carnegie says that there have been Bible through from beginning to end with
some noble examples of Christian heroism the fewest possible delays and hindrances.
among the Matebele and several converts Such reading, especially if begun with the
have 'witnessed a good confession. prayer, " Open Thou mine eyes, that I may
One faithful m a n when dying was asked, behold wondrous things out of Thy law,"
" Where are you going n o w ! " and he an- will enable you to appreciate more thor-
swered, " I don't know, but Jesus does." oughly the W o r d of G o d as literature, to
Another convert, condemned for witchcraft. gain new revelations of its inexpressible
180 Alonographs.

tenderness, its deep pathos, and its un- N o Christian can love the Word of Got
equalled beauty, manifesting the love of unless he knows it. These facts should b(
God and teaching us His will. an inspiration to daily searching of th(
You willfindsome things in the Bible Scriptures, and meditation upon them dai
which you did not know were there. and night.—Professor F- S, Goodrich
I found that the reading of thefirstfive
books of the Bible required an average of MEET FOR THE MASTER'S USE.
one hour thirty-four minutes each; the A young man of Aberdeen, who after
books of Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles, wards became the distinguished Dr. Milne
an average of one hour twenty-nine min- of China, applied to be sent out af
utes each; the Psalms, two hours forty- assistant missionary. But on coming be
three minutes; Mark, one hour; Luke, fore the committee they were so unfavor
one hour forty-two minutes; John, one ably impressed by his rough and uncul-
hour; Acts, one hour thirty-seven min- tured appearance that they declined tc
utes ; while suoh books as Second and give him the appointment. However, thej
Third John, Jude, PhUemon, Titus, and thought that perhaps he might do for 8
some of the prophetical books, required servant in the missionfield,and accordinglj
only from three to six minutes each. The
one of their number in private broached
amount of time required for the entire Old
the subject to the young applicant, asking
Testament was thirty-eight hours twenty-
him if he was wUling to go in thai
seven minutes ; and for the new Testa-
• capacity. " Yes, sir; most certainly," was
ment, eleven hours thirty-four minutes.
the reply. "I am wiUing to do anytMng
The total amount of time, therefore, was
so that I am in the work. To be a hewei
almost exactlyfiftyhours.
of wood and a drawer of water is too great
Some would read more rapidly than this,
an honor for m e when the Lord's house is
others more slowly. But that this is a
building.''
reasonable estimate seems to be borne out
by several instances which have come to
REVIVAL HINDRANCES.
m y notice. I have been told that a certain
man makes it his practice to read the Bible The preacher who works 'with a selfisl
through during thefirstweek of each year. motive.
Another, with whom I have been long Members who just want to get people
acquainted, is a mechanic, who is obliged into our Churoh.
to remain at the shop during the noon The preacher who trusts in his sermons
hour. H e told me that by using such time instead of in God.
as he could save out of this noon hour he People who sit always on back seats.
had read the Bible throughfivetimes in Christians who won't move or testifj
fifteen years. In the "Life of Catherine when asked to.
Booth" it is stated that Mrs. Booth read People who think they possess all tht
the Bible through from cover to cover holiness in the church.
eight times before she was twelve years People who think yelling and pounding
old. the bench is what brings the power.
 Editorial Notes.
People w h o can never see mistakes in
themselves.
Parents w h o criticise the sermons and
conduct of the meetings before their chil-
dren.
Professors whose walk don't keep step
with their talk.
EDITORIAL
—The work among the Chinese on the
Pacific Coast shall hereafter be known as
THE CHINESE HOME MISSION,
and all money intended for this scheme
must be sent to Mr. John T. Morton, 708
Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa.
The name of the proposed Mission to
China shall be
THE CHINESE FOEEIGN MISSION,
and all money contributed to this new work
must be sent to M r . Walter T. Miller,
Cotton Exchange Building, N e w York.
— A t the June meeting of the Board of
Foreign Missions the following action was
taken in regard to the establishing of a
Mission in China:
Resolved, 1.—That the Corresponding
Secretary be directed to notify Revs. Elmer
McBurney, of W a h o o , Neb., and R. J.
Mclsaac, of Selma, Ala., that at the late
meeting of Synod they were elected as mis-
sionaries of the Reformed Presbyterian
Chureh to China, asking for their decision
as soon as practicable, and not later than
September of this year.
2.—That a correspondence be opened
with Rev. Dr. B. C. Henry,of Canton, China,
in regard to a suitable field in which to
begin operations, and any further informa-
181
Professors w h o listen to and repeat gos-
siping yarns.
Members w h o won't pay their debts.
M e n w h o spend more for tobacco than
for the preached Gospel.— Christian
Standard.
N O T E S .
tion he m a y be inclined to furnish that
would be helpful to the board in the inaug-
uration of missionary work in that Empire.
3.—That the board will not assume the
responsibility of entering upon this n e w
department of missionary work, until they
shall have secured the service of two or-
dained ministers, or one ordained minister,
and a physician w h o give evidence of
being called of G o d to this work.
— R e v . R. J. Mclsaac declines to go as
one of the missionaries to China. In a
letter received in thefirstweek of July, he
says among other things: " I have been
considering the matter seriously since the
vote was taken in Synod, and have finally
decided to decline the appointment. T h e
way in which the matter was left at Synod
seemed to be no positive indication as to
whether I should go or stay. There was
but a very small majority of the votes that
were oast in favor of m y going, and besides
this, when I took into consideration that
several members would not vote because
they had got the impression, since only Mr.
McBurney's name and mine had been pro-
posed, that therefore they could vote only
for us, it seemed to m e that the majority
was really against m y going.
182 Editorial Notes.
" W h e n Dr. Metheny asked m e ifi would
go, I told him I would, if the Ohurch saw
fit to remove m e from the South, but that
I was greatly interested in m y present
work and should be very loth to leave it.
The Central Board asked and secured m y
ordination last year for the work in the
South, and that is the work to which I feel
I have been called, unless I have more
decisive evidence that I should go else-
where.
" As m y relations with that Board have
always been agreeable, and m y work has, I
think, been blessed in the field to which
they have sent me. I feel that m y duty is
to go South again and continue the work
in which I have been so greatly interested.''
— T h e olerk of Synod, Rev. Dr. Trum-
bull, has sent us the following item.which,
through an oversight, was omitted from the
minutes of Synod:
" The names of Elmer McBurney and
Robert J. Mclsaac were presented to the
Foreign Mission Board as eligible to ap-
pointment as missionaries to China, and
the names of Henry G. Foster, T. Holmes
Walker, and W . J. McKnight were also
presented for the consideration of the
board for appointment to theforeign .field."
— O u r senior missionary. Dr. D. Metheny,
left N e w York for Liverpool en route to
Asia Minor, on Saturday July 7th, by the
Steamship Umbria, of the Cunard Line.
H e had made arrangements to return by
way of Havre a week earlier, but a sudden
attack of illness, after he had gone on board
the steamer, prevented him from carrying
out his original design. His brief visit to
this country has done good. His presence
at the meeting of Synod was a fresh in-
spiration to m e n already interested in mis-
sionary work.
— I f Rev. Elmer McBurney decides to go
as missionary to China, it is necessary that
he should have a congenial associate. An
appeal is therefore addressed to the young
brethren, whose names have been presented
to the Board of Foreign Missions as eligi-
ble to appointment, and others in the
ministry, to consider seriously whether the
Lord is not calling them to foreign mission-
ary work. T o those w h o m a y be inclined
for any reason to hesitate, w e commend the
impressive words of a brilliant young stu-
dent, when about to leave h o m e for Africa.
It was a spirit of true consecration to the
Master that enabled him to say: "I think
it is with African Missions as with the
building of a great bridge, you know how
many stones have to be buried in the earth,
all unseen, to be a foundation. If Christ
wants m e to be one of the unseen stones
lying in an African grave, I a m content,
certain, as I am, that the final result 'wUl
be a Christian Africa.''
— A n ordained minister and a physician
are again called for to take charge of the
work in Cyprus. The kind of m e n needed
for service on this island, with its immoral-
ity and determined opposition to pure
Christianity, are such as John Coleridge
Patteson describes: " Earnest, bright,
cheerful fellows, without that notion of
making sacrifices perpetually occurring to
their minds. Y o u k n o w the kind of men
w h o have gotten rid of the notion that
more self-denial is needed for a missionary
than for a soldier or a sailor, w h o are sent
everywhere, and leave h o m e and country
for years, and think nothing of it, because
they go on duty. A fellow with a healthy,
active tone of mind, plenty of enterprise
and some enthusiasm, w h o makes the best
of everything, and above all, does not think
 Editorial Notes.
himself better than other people because
he is engaged in Mission work, that is the
fellow we want." A n d w e would add, fel-
lows of good c o m m o n sense w h o are care-
ful not to injure the work by their o w n
imprudence.
— I n reading the " Items of Missionary
Intelligence," it will be seen that the
brethren at Suadia have had their horses
stolen. This is a severe loss, and if any
one would like to replace them, and will
send us $200 for that purpose, the money
wUl be forwarded at once. If there should
be any balance after purchasing the horses,
it wUl be used to help liquidate the debt
on the Lower House, and will be duly cred-
ited to that fund.
— A U letters, packages and papers in-
tended for the brethren in Suadia should
be addressed to Latakia, Syria. The mail
service by way of Antioch has proved very
unreliable. A recent letter from Rev. J.
Boggs Dodds thus refers to this matter :
"Last summer I received a letter from a
L. M. S. and answered it immediately,
Mrs. Dodds sending one to her sister at
the same time. This spring one day the
messenger brought the two letters to us
ostensibly from Latakia. But every effort
to find out the reason proved futile.
About the same time last year a messen-
ger was started from Kessab to mail letters
in Antioch. After a few hours' absence he
returned to his home. O n being quizzed
about it, he said that he ' did not want to
go to Antioch, and so I put them into a
stone wall.' Posted them in a stone fence !
No wonder friends cannot see why w e are
' so slow about answering.'
"But, to cap the climax, the latest is
this: Last Friday, as our messenger was
coming from Latakia and was two hours
183
distant from here, two soldiers met him
and demanded of him his business. H e
told them, and then they said, ' Y o u have
no right to carry mail. The Franks must
send it by the Turkish post.' So saying
they took the mail-bag from him, after
beating him for protesting and resisting.
The messenger came on and reported to
us. Dr. Moore and I went out to the foot
of the mountain where the two soldiers
were and demanded the mail-bag, which
was immediately given to us on the condi-
tion that it be opened to see if the letters
were stamped. This w e did, and so far
as w e know w e found all the mail. The
Psalters which you sent were received by
this unfortunate mail. Those that you sent
to Antioch never reached us.
" It may be difficult to get our mail un-
molested even in this way. If the drunken,
bribe-loving soldiers are aUowed to inter-
fere as thefittakes them with our messen-
ger to and from the post office, it will be
necessary for us and the h o m e folks to be
patient about the delay of messages. I will
report the case to the Consul. There is no
post office here, and so w e must go either
to Antioch or Latakia. W e prefer the lat-
ter place."
— T h e young w o m e n w h o have not yet
made a second payment on the five-year
pledge to aid in the support of a mission-
ary, should forward the money to this office
before the end of August, that it may be
put into the hands of the Treasurer of
Foreign Missions the first week in Sep-
tember.
— W e thankfully acknowledge having re-
ceived from a young man, a member of
Second N e w York, the sum of $52, a
seventh half-yearly contribution of that
amount towards the work in Suadia.
184 Editorial Notes.

— T h e work among the Jews in PhUa- —MiSSIONAEY Liteeatuee.—The Fleming

delphia is to be known as H . Revell Co., N e w York and Chicago, have
THE MISSION OP THB COVENANT TO ISEAEL, laid on our table a copy of " James Gilmour
and His Boys," by Richard Lovett, M. A.,
and will be under the supervision and con- well known to our readers as the author of
trol of the Session of the Second Reformed " James Gilmour of Mongolia.'' The price
Presbyterian Church .in that city. In his is only $1.25, and w e are glad to call the
Circular the Rector, Rev. T. C. McFeeters, attentioQ of the young to so interesting a
says : little volume.
" This Mission is located in a district
densely populated by the Israelites. T h e
CROSS-BEARER'S
building has been remodeled, renovated
and furnished, being fitted up for evan-
gelical, educational and dispensary work. Missionary Reading Circle.
" T h e house being placed in charge of
the Mission Committee, free of rent, by REV. MARCUS L. GRAY, Pres't
Dr. D. Metheny, and the work authorized
by the Synod of the Reformed Presby-
terian Church, the permanency of the L I T E R A T U R E F O R 1894-5.
enterprise commands confidence. I. BIOGRAPHICAL,.
" T h e foundation being laid upon the 1. Life of Bobert Morrison | .75
divine promises, with faith and prayer, the "^"m. J. Townsend.
work will be enlarged according as the 3. Life of Adoniram Judson 1.50
Lord shall move the hearts of His people Kev. Edward Judson, D.D.
to pray, labor and contribute for its ex-
II. P A T R I O T I C .
tension.
3. Om'Country (Revised) 60
" The missionary in charge, Mr. Moses
Rev. Josiah Strong, D.D.
Greenberg, is well qualified for the work
by sound knowledge, glowing faith, fixed III. E V A N G E L I C A L .
principles, liberal education, and zeal for 4. Foreign Missions After a Century 1.50
his people. H e intends to continue his Rev. James S. Dennis, D.D.
studies in the Seminary. His wife also is IV. PERIODICAL.
adorned and adapted as a helper by edu- 5. The Missionary Review of the World ..
cation and deep devotion. To 0. M. R. C. Members 1.90
" The prayers, sympathy and co-opera- Rev. Arthur T. Pierson, D.D , Editor.
tion of all are most earnestly requested by 6. Membership Pee, per annum 50
the Session, under whose supervision the
Mission in Philadelphia has been placed. Send membership fee, 50 cents, to the Secre-
M a y w e hear from you as a friend of tary, Rev. Z. M. Williams, A.M., GaUatin, Mc,
Israel ?" and write him for further information. $6.25
The opening exercises were held July 19, buys all literature for 1894-5. Send this amount
1894. to H E R A L D O F MISSION N E W S ,
We're York City.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
September. REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A.
O U R VIEWS OF
FOREIGN MISSIONS.*
Rev. H u g h Miller .Thompson, D . D ,
I a m set to speak about Foreign Mis-
sions. I confess to a certain doubt as to
the meaning of the phrase—Foreign Mis-
sions. W h a t do you mean by Foreign
Missions ? W h a t a m I to speak upon ?
It was a heathen m a n w h o said : '' There
is nothing h u m a n which is foreign to me."
That is the force of his alienum—there is
nothing human which can be foreign.
Must you and I learn from an unbaptized
Roman the right use of language about
Missions •?
Does such a thing as a " Foreign Mis-
sion " exist •? I mean in the sense of our
Roman friend. Are w e not using words as
parrots do without thinking? It would
seem w e Christians are about the most
stupid set of breathing creatures that our
Lord ever made. H e calls His people
•sheep, and so reveals and illustrates His
infinite wisdom. For of all the absolutely
helpless and silly creatures that m a n has
subjected to his uses the sheep is the most
sUly.
Our Lord said: " G o ye into all the
world and preach the Gospel to every
creature." H e does not use the words
Poreign nor Domestic in the marching
orders H e issued to His Churoh and on
* From a paper read al the Mitsionary Council in Chicago.
1894.
MISSION W O R K .
which, if w e stand on anything,we are stand-
ing to-day. H e taught in that touching
story of the good Samaritan that all m e n are
neighbors. H e taught the world that there
is one Father even God, and that all m e n
are brothers. His great Apostle learned
His doctrine and carried it to the ultimate.
" There is neither Greek nor Jew, Bar-
barian, Scythian, bond nor free, but all are
one in Christ Jesus.'' " As iu A d a m all
die, even so in Christ shall all be made
alive." " G o d hath made of one blood all
nations to dwell on the face of the whole
earth.'' If you cannot reconcile this 'with
your " science ' so much the worse for your
science, for this agrees with (and your sci-
ence, if it contradict it, is helpless and con-
temptible) the fact of the growing, every-
day increasing conviction—the old, gray
conviction of humanity for centuries—to
whieh our Lord Christ gave a fixed and
rational basis. W e are men, nothing
h u m a n can be foreign to us. H e came to
humanity. H e taught no special race. He:
shepherded no special flock. His words
are for all lands and for all people and for
all time. H e lived and died to redeem men.
—savage, civilized, white, black, European^
Asiatic, and in the islands of the sea.
In H i m m e n are made one. The crown
and culmination of humanity, the one eter-
nal and infinite M a n , H e takes into Him-
186 Our Vieios of Misaion Work.
self the whole race. H e is Brother to the
lowest as to the highest,- to the islander of
Fiji as to the islander of England, to tbe
lowest sinner as to the highest saint. H e
Uved for aU. H e died for aU. There is not
one foreign to H i m among the children of
His Father w h o m H e came to save.
W e cannot stand before the M a n on the
Syrian mountain-side, before the bent,
broken M a n of Gethsemane, before the M a n
upon the cross of Calvary, and talk about
" Foreign " Missions. The letters of His
accusation, written above His dying head,
are a proclamation and a prophecy of His
universal dominion. " This is Jesus the
King of the Jews.'' Yes ! but they are writ-
ten in three tongues that all m e n m a y read
— " i n Hebrew, Greek and Latin." H e is
drawing all m e n unto H i m from the m o -
ment H e is "lifted up."
Slow to understand, slow to act, faint,
foolish, cowardly, His silly sheep have been
from the beginning. Safe housed in their
o w n small fold, they have forgotten that
there were vastflocks,dearto the great Shep-
herd, far away upon the mountains lone,
far away among the trackless wastes, bram-
ble-torn and shelterless. They have even,
G o d be pitiful to their ignorance and sin,
even accounted these as only unclean and
accursed ! Por w h o m the Shepherd's heart
was yearning, for w h o m the Shepherd
prayed, w h o m the Shepherd was seeking
'with torn hands and bleeding feet, wet with
the storm, parched in the hot noon—they
have accounted these no sheep at all of His,
but evil creatures to be shunned,fledfrom
or beaten away and destroyed. They, com-
fortable and in abundance, they at ease in
Zion, they walled in with triple walls to
guard them from the evil, they with shep-
herds in abundance and folds built of pre-
cious stones, and walls whose windows are
agates, with the bells consecrating all the
airs, the bells that called them to the jew-
eled chambers where the Shepherd spreads
the table for His own, with the eternal day-
light of God's glory lighting their familiar
paths—they have turned in selfish careless-
ness, they have forgotten, they have even
assailed and destroyed the wandering sheep
w h o m Christ has been seeking through the
weary ages, Christ wounded and bleeding
as H e came from His cross !
But the years are God's. H e rolls on and
develops the centuries. The evolutions of
the ages are by His hand. The truth that
even unbaptized thinkers dimly saw, the
truth our Lord distinctly proclaimed in
word and life, in dying and living, the truth
His own Church and Household held as a
dead and fruitless thing so often and so
long, has found new voices, and proclaims
itself to-day on every land and sea.
" Foreign," you say % W h a t is "Foreign"
anjr more % The word is perishing from the
use of men. Isolation between the
peoples of the earth is impossible hereafter.
T h e steamship, the railroad, the telegraph,
have made all m e n neighbors, whether or
no. A s " no m a n liveth to himself," so no
people any more can live to itseU or die to
itself. The universal humanity is too great
for the local. Nations tremble at the moral
judgments of the world. The world's
opinion is getting too mighty for the iso-
lated opinion of any single people.
It is a wonderful thing, a divinely devel-
oped thing, I think, a thing undreamed of
even, twenty-five years ago, that there is no
nation, in Christendom at least, that does
not dread the moral condemnation of Chris-
tendom. The whole savage theory of ene-
mies, "hereditary" or "natural" enemies,
 Our Views of Mission Work.
is fast passing away. T h e stupidity of war
is becoming even more apparent than its
atrocity. The idiocy of the whole business
is growing in h u m a n consciousness. .
-So what w e call the natural development
of the world is forcing us, in spite of all
prejudice and narrowness, to recognize the
truth our Lord proclaimed so long ago and
died to seal and sign—the brotherhood of
men, the Fatherhood of God. Even the
darkest continent is penetrated and the mys-
terious rivers tracked to their springs in the
dim mountains, and everywhere, in Africa
as in China and India or on our o w n sunset
trails, m e n are found to be men, and at
their lowest, still our brethren—humani
non alieni.
And wheresoever w e find them, w e find
the deepest questions that stir humanity to
be the questions of sin and righteousness,
of God and duty, of salvation and eternal
life, of whatsoever indeed stands behind
the shadows of the world that is not " hu-
manum."
" Thefieldis the world," saith the Lord.
The question was once for all settled. It
has forced its settlement upon us in these
latter days, materially, as I have tried to
show. In the truest sense there are no For-
eign and no Domestic Missions. The words
are worn out—antiquated. They belong
to a state of thinking fast passing away.
The universal religion must take account
of universal man. Jesus Christ belongs to
no people. H e is of no nation. H e is in-
finite. It is folly to talk of an " Oriental
Christ" as of a special Being. H e is
Oriental, but only because H e is Occiden-
tal. Eastern, western, northern, southern,
preached and beUeved on in Greenland and
in India, in Australia and Alaska, the same
Ghrist, "yesterday, to-day and forever."
187
N o w , w e are put in trust with the Gos-
pel. The very brotherly instinct of our
advancing h u m a n nature is teaching us
that w e have no right to monopolize good
things, certainly not those good things
which are God's free gifts and which w e
did nothing to obtain, free gifts to our-
selves to begin with. .
G o d has given to us w h o speak the tongue
of Milton and Shakespeare, a very plain
work, I think. A word of English speech
echoes round the world. A moral judg-
ment, calmly, wisely uttered in English
words, has judicial weight in Moscow or
Bombay, in Paris or in Pekin. The m e n
with that word on their lips go over all the
earth. The silence of every sea is broken
by the ringing word of command, and the
ringing answer of obedience, short, clear,
decisive both, from the m e n of the race
w h o have learned " to obey, to endure, to
command.'' The heirs of the world, it
seems, and the masters of the seas are Eng-
lish-speaking men.
Y o u have had a " Parliament of Relig-
ions," so-called, in this city. There
is a humorous side to that parliament, on
which I will not dwell. There is a serious
side which is fruitful in suggestions, on the
subject of what w e call "Foreign Mis-
sions."
A wise man, a Baboo from Bengal, edu-
cated at an English college, with every idea
he has acquired of any value, due to the
training of English thinking and English
Christian influence, comes to enlighten us,
and tell us that if Christianity is to suc-
ceed in India, it must respect caste!
Imagine it! Respect caste ! Respect the
inhuman, even diabolic distinction which
man's sin and pride and vile contempt—
man's hatred of m a n — h a s introduced and
188 Our Views of Mission Work.
fastened on trampled millions in India for
centuries! W e must respect it. W h y ,
Chris tianity detests it! Christ comes to
India to tell our friend that his caste is con-
temptible in the eyes of G o d and man, that
his p oor conceit is even infamous, that our
Christ, our " Occidental Christ," if he
chooses to use the words, the only Christ,
has no more regard for a high caste Brah-
min, with his sacred string, than for the
lowest pariah, that Christ came to sweep
all folly and sin of caste away, that H e will
sweep it away, too, if not willingly by illu-
minated sense and spiritual enlightenment,
then by the strong arm of that Christian
law which masters all m e n in India.
Another comes, of the m a n y sects into
which every form of heathenism divides
itself, and he cannot eat, so he says, with
anybody in this evil land. H e is so holy
that the railroad people must provide him
a special gas-stove to do his own cooking !
That is his " religion ''! All m e n but his
little sect are " unclean."
D o w e not need to stand to our Foreign
Mission work ? These poor m e n have been
educated in schools provided by Christian
people, so they could talk at the big fair.
Not so educated that they could appreciate
the wondering amazement with which m e n
bred to Christian ideas listen to their edu-
cated paganism. The far away chUdish-
ness of their poor, blind talk has been, it
seems to me, a call pitiful and penetrating
from the millions degraded and debased in
the lands from which they come, for help
and succor to the Church of the one Christ,
w h o knew no caste, nothing in all His
Father's creation, unclean or common, no
Brahmin and no pariah, but only ineu, the
children of God.
A missionary race ? W e are bound to be
a missionary race, bound to bea missionary
Church. But you say, " W e " have so
m u c h to do at home. Our o w u Missions,
" Domestic," so called, require all our care.
These "Foreign '' Missions, as w e will per-
sist in calling them, belong to other
churches, not to ours.
Tben be logical. W e have no goods to
take abroad. Let us cease intercourse with
all people, send no more ships to China or
Japan, ship no more invoices to Calcutta
or Rio, or Yokohama. Wall us round with
a wall of exclusion and inclusion 160 feet
high, and let the American Churoh andthe
American people live to themselves and die
to themselves!
Is that the voice of a great people? No!
G o d has taken good care that it shall not be
ours. W e are influencing all lands, telling
on all peoples. A n d if w e go every-
where w e must take with us all that makes
us what w e are. W e must go as Chris-
tians, as well as Americans. W e are bound
even on natural principles so called to
carry with us our best. Surely not our
worst only, surely not alone American
skill, shrewdness and sharpness, not alone
American pride, self-assertion and deft
availability, but American truth and honor,
American manliness and kindness, Ameri-
can courage and love of justice. And the
American faith in the only King and Lord
an American acknowledges—the Lord
Jesus Christ. It is idle to try to
evade one duty by an appeal to another, as
if it were the greater. Foreign Missions
and Domestic Missions, if he will persist in
making such distinctions, are all bound in
one bundle of duty. The doing of one in-
sures the doing of the other. The one can-
not fail but the other fails. There is action
and reaction in living effort. A Uving
 Items of Missionary InteUigence.
Church will hold both close to her heart.
A hide-bound tree bears gnarled and bit-
ter fruit. Itfinallydies. It is the best
thing it can do, and the only thing that be-
comes it. A hide-bound Church bears
gnarled and bitter fruitage also—variance,
strifes, contentions and all uncharitable-
ness. It would die, too, save that the Di-
vine Husbandman walks His vineyard.
The hide-bound tree is saved by a judicious
sUcing through the dead rind into the living
fibre of the wood. T h e hide-bound Church
ITEMS O F M I S S I O N A R Y
ABROAD. started at 1.30, rode eighteen miles to
Tabsus Mission.—Through the courtesy town to preach there at night.
of Miss Mary S. Staley, of Angola, Indiana,
we are able to give our readers the follow-
ing extract from a letter she had recently
received from Mrs. M a r y E. Metheny. It
was written at Guzne, June 30, 1894 :
I was not in town w h e n the box of
bedding for the boys' school arrived, but
Mr. Dodds and Misses WUlia and Jennie
were there. It is possible that > one of
them m a y have written to you of its ar-
rival, but to make sure I will write. They
are both away, Miss Willia in Latakia and
Miss Jennie with her brother, either in
Suadia or in Kessab. If they have writ-
ten I do not doubt that they have told
you of our appreciation of this generous
gift. M a n y thanks for it.
This is our vacation time. Vacation for
a missionary does not by any means signify
a vacancy. It is usually a change of base
and a change of work. F o r instance, last
Sabbath Mr. D o d d s preached in the girls'
schoolhouse here at 11 a. m., and then
189
is saved w h e n the Master drives His knife
through all the worldliness, the callous
deadness and the rust and crust of the out-
ward form, and strips bare the quivering
life to the lights and :dews of Heaven.
N o such surgery of pain shall the Church
need at her Lord's hands if only she keep
alive within her heart and practice in her
life generously, lovingly and faithfully His
last charge and high commission—Go into
all the world. Preach the Gospel to every
creature,
INTELLIGENCE.
W e have here a Sabbath-school of
twenty-two pupils, and hope next Sabbath
to have an additional class of three—a Ger-
m a n family to be taught by a Swiss lady in
the employ of the American Board, The
audience at preaching last Sabbath was
forty-six.
The three ladies in the girls' seminary
in Adana (Congregational) usually attend
our services, bringing with them some of
their girls, and for them the sermon must
be translated into Turkish.
W e had determined this year to bring
no chUdren but suoh as had no homes else-
where, and thought w e had the number re-
duced to three girls and four boys, but w e
have five girls and twelve boys. O n e of
the boys is blind. T h e two additional
little girls w e had intended to leave with
their mother-, she not wishing to be at the
expense of keeping them, was going to
give them to the Greek bishop. T h e eld-
est little girl cried so bitterly about it
190 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
that the ladies said if the mother would
pay their way up they would let them
come.
W e have very pleasant weather now.
It is hot, of course, but there is a pleasant
breeze most of the time. In town it is
said to be very hot. W e hear of cholera
to the north of us, and quarantine is being
laid on some parts of the country. W e
have had the newspaper reports of Synod.
W e are so glad to see the appointment of
the missionaries to China, and of tbe open-
ing of a Mission to the Jews and one in
Chicago. H o w I wish tbe treasury of the
Ohurch had the tobacco money!
Cypeus.—We are indebted to Rev. R.
J. Dodds, of Mersine, Asia Minor, for the
following report of the work that M .
Daoud Saada is doing on tbis island:
" In the beginning of the month a num-
ber of people came to m e with w h o m I
talked upon various Scripture topics, as
faith, repentance, the resurrection and the
last day.
" One of m y visitors was a monk, and
with him I spoke of the importance of
ministers instructing the people about di-
vine things, as G o d had commanded in
both the Old and the N e w Testaments, as
Jegus Christ Himself had done when on
earth, and His Apostles also, in order that
m e n m a y believe and repent, and receive
that free salvation which the one Redeemer
has secured for believers.
" I had also quite a number of visits
from a priest, with w h o m I discussed the
same subject, laying stress on the fact that
pastors should be ensamples to tlieir flocks.
The priest admitted the truth of all that I
said, and testified against the lives of the
ecclesiastics to which he belonged, as the
very opposite of what Christ required, de-
scribing them as a conscienceless pack,
w h o had thrust themselves into sacred
offices for very unworthy ends, iUustraffing
all he said by numerous examples. On
another occasion as m a n y as ten wood-
cutters did m e the honor of paying me a
visit, on the hill by the church (where
Daoud has a shed where he often entertains
his guests.—R. J. D.), A s I sat I talked
with them about the end of the world and
on the necessity of preparation for the
solemn final judgment. They listened
with miugled fear and interest as I spoke
to them of the dire distress in which sin-
ners would find themselves when that event
should occur.
" The third Sabbath of the month a com-
pany of six w o m e n and some girls came
into the service and all listened with good
attention, and afterwards acknowledged
that our teaching is true. They also re-
turned the foUowing Sabbath, when I
chose Hebrews, 1, i. as m y text, upon
which I discoursed for an hour. All pres-
ent appeared to be deeply interested and
pleased, and at the close pressed forward,
thanking m e warmly for tbe teaching
which they had heard.
" In the third week of June I visited
several of tbe nearer viUages. As I ap-
proached one village I saw a large tree
near a threshing floor. Under its shade
were a number of people from the vUIage
w h o had been winnowing wheat, who in-
vited m e to dismount and stay awhUe with
them, as it was very warm. I had not
been long with them until w e fell into con-
versation, in which some spoke of their holy
places. I thereupon took up this subject,
which they had introduced, remarking
that to merely visit holy places was insuffi-
cient, and, in fact, no advantage could
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
accrue from it if tbe heart was in an unholy
state. Judas Iscariot not only had the
privilege of visiting m a n y sacred places, but
also sat at meat with Christ, w h o m he accom-
panied on His journey, heard His instruc-
tions, besides seeing His wonderful works ;
but because his heart was unholy he was
not benefited. It is the duty of every
Christian to prepare his heart by forsaking
all sin, for sin defiles the heart, and after
giving his heart to Christ and receiving
the Holy Spirit, there is no further need
of visiting holy places, in which m e n
spend m u c h money and weary themselves
exceedingly into the bargain. It always
makes m e sorry to see natives of this isl-
and, m e n w h o m I k n o w can Ul afford the
expense, preparing themselves for such a
journey, running hither and thither with
great loads upon their backs, and under-
going the dangers of the sea, and all the
time thinking that this alone is suf&oient
for their salvation, although there is no
Soripture authority for it at all; for the
Bible says, ' Believe on the Lord Jesus
Christ and thou shalt be saved, and thine
house.' It says nothing about visiting
holy places. N o w , if w e visited all the holy
places in the world, but did not learn the
catechism, or get rid of the wickedness in
our hearts, it is impossible for us to be
saved.
"The fourth Sabbath of the month a
company of young m e n came to the
church; also two teachers from the
schools, and the brother of the Bishop of
Larnica. I spoke on spiritual subjects.
The brother of the bishop took exception
to m y theory that the people needed to be
instructed in divine things, for they were
capable of learning such things without
guides. I replied by a reference to the
191
custom of the Greek Orthodox Church of
former times, as well as by usual argu-
ments from the Bible. I told them that
their o w n churoh had been accustomed to
divide the people into two classes—be-
lievers and catechumens, and w h e n the
priest cried, 'Oh, ye catechumens, go
out,' they went out. Of course, such a
division would not have been m a d e had it
not been a recognized fact that it was a
matter of importance to instruct the peo-
ple. After m u c h discussion the bishop's
brother finally yielded the point and ad-
mitted what he had atfirstdenied."
T h e week previous to the departure of
Dr. Foster, I, being in Larnica, visited sev-
eral villages with Daoud, and can testify to
his readiness in presenting the Gospel,
and the interest with which numbers lis-
tened to his discourses.
It is not an unimportant item, either,
that he insisted in paying the horse-hire
out of his o w n pocket.
India.—^Dr. George Smith, in his Graves'
Lectures, " T h e Conversion of India,"
proves very clearly the progress of Chris-
tianity in India during the present century.
H e estimates that the population of the
world in 1898 was 1,500,600,000, and that
the average rate of increase of the several
races in each decade is 8 per cent. Of
these 500,600,000 were Christians, and
1,000,000,000 non-Christians. The British
Indian Empire occupies about one-fifteenth
part of the habitable globe, and is in-
habited by about one-fifth of the h u m a n
race; its area being 1,560,160 square
mUes, and its population in 1891, 287,223,-
491, or 184 to the square mUe, of which
only 9-48 per cent, is urban. The Chris-
tians of India were 2,284,172, of w h o m
only 168,000 were Europeans, and 79,842
192 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
Eurasians. Between 1881 and 1891 the
whole population of India increased 13.1
per cent., while the Christian advance was
22.65. These lastfiguresare of profound
significance. India is slowly but surely
yielding to Christ.
— I n its Sixty-second Annual Report the
Board of Foreign Missions of the Reformed
Churoh in America, presented to the Gen-
eral Synod at Asbury Park, N. J., June,
1894, the following information in regard
to the condition of the work under its care:
A m o y . — T h e last year has been one of
progress in m a n y directions. Unfortu-
nately, no statistics have been received and
the present number of communicants can-
not therefore be given.
But it is known that, while there is an
increasing readiness to hear the Gospel
everywhere, some of the churches have
been greatly quickened and considerable
additions made to their membership. More
than twenty persons have broken with
idolatry, in connection with the First
Church in A m o y , among them a Buddhist
priest of some note in the city. They have
given their idols to the missionaries or
destroyed them, observe the Sabbath and
in many ways testify to the great change
that has come to them through the Gospel
of the grace of God.
The churches of Tong-an and Hong-san
show a steady growth in church member-
ship. O n communion Sabbaths the waUs
of the former " seem to contract," so nar-
row is the space and so great the numbers
that seek to find a place within.
Beside the Mission to the Hakkas, which
our churches in China have long main-
tained at their o w n cost, the First and
Second Churches of A m o y ha've united in
the support of a Mission station in a viUage
on A m o y Island, three miles north of the
city, and, at a union meeting recently held,
contributed $200 for its support.
Akcot.—-In m a n y respects the outlook is
m u c h brighter than it was a year ago. For
thefirsttime since 1864, every station was
occupied by a missionary and his famUy,
except the mountain station of Coonoor.
Showers of grace, also, have refreshed the
hearts of the brethren. It was a year of
successful work in almost every depart-
ment. The additions to the communicants
numbered 153, nearly fifty per cent, more
than the previous year. The whole num-
ber reported is 1,959, a net gain of eighty-
four.
That the Mission is faithful to its foun-
dation principle, as " a preaching Mission,''
is shown by the fact that the Gospel was
preached to the heathen 32,069 times, in
18,556 places aud in the hearing of au-
diences numbering 712,204. A deUghtful
feature of this evangelistic work isthe part
taken in it by the scholars of the schools
and the members of the Christian Endeavor
societies. A feature equaUy delightful, and
most promising for* the vitality of the
Church and the spread of the Gospel, is
the growing disposition, noticed in someof
the station reports, on the part of individ-
ual members of the churches, to engage in
personal effort for the salvation of souls.
The renewed " village movement''
toward Christianity—the result of years of
such evangelistic effort as has just been
mentioned—deserves more than a passing
notice. Nearly every station reports the
application of villages to be received under
Christian instruction, accompanied by the
promise to put away their idols and aU
 Items of Missionary Intelligence,
idolatrous practices, and conform their
lives to tiie law of Christ so far as they un-
derstand it. " N o w is the time," says one
report, "for successful labor a m o n g the
masses. Never has there been such a stir-
ring among the pariah community as to-
day, and never so m a n y movements set on
foot for their emancipation." The Mission
ought to be in a position to m a k e the most
of such a movement—^such a shaking of the
dry bones. Its grief is that it is not and can-
not be, for want of funds with which to
furnish teachers, and hearts and hands to
carry on the work. Of the score or more
villages that have applied, or are ready to
apply,fivehave been received.
Japan.—The problems which confront
the missionary and the Church in Japan
have their complete parallel nowhere else
on Mission ground. The position of the
young Church, hardly yet attained to its
majority, and yet exposed to all the dan-
gers arising from the precipitation upon it
of all the unsolved questions and untoward
influences which beset the older churches
of other lands, is one peculiar to itself,
and entitles it to the patient and prayerful
sympathy of its sister churches every-
where.
Were the Churoh itself united, vigorous,
spiritual, thoroughly grounded in the
truth, actively evangelistic, heartily in
sympathy and fellowship with those whose
labors planted and whose prayers and tears
and counsels have nurtured it, the evils
mentioned would lose m u c h of their im-
portance. Happily there are m a n y w h o
are alive to the dangers. A better state of
feeling is manifested in influential quarters
between the Japanese brethren and the
missionaries, and—best of all—the quick-
193
ening Spirit has m a d e His presence and
power felt in m a n y places, in answer to the
prayer of His believing people.
In the face of so many and so great ad-
verse influences, there is reason to rejoice-
that the course of the cause and Church of
Christ has still been forward. In the
" Church of Ohrist in Japan "—the Pres-
byterian and Reformed body—ninety-two
organized churches are reported, with a
total of 9,656 adult members. Of these,
782 were added during the year by con-
fession. Of the churches, twenty-eight
are entirely self-supporting, and the re-
mainder partially so. The contributions
were |13,392, silver, being $2,272 less than
the preceding year. In these figures are
included those which represent both the
North and South Japan Missions of the
Reformed Church, as well as those of the
various Presbyterian and Reformed Mis-
sions. For all Protestant Missions there
were reported 377 churches (a gain of
twelve), of which seventy-eight are self-
supporting, with a total membership of
37,398. Of these, 3,636, nearly ten a day,
were added by baptism during the year.
Ceylon.—The twenty-eighth report of
the Tamil Cooley Mission has been received.
This Mission was established in 1854, on
the invitation of a few coffee planters, with
the object in view of visiting the estates on
the island where Tamil labor is employed,
to give instructions to the Christians and
to carry the Gospel to the heathen. Under
the supervision of three European mission-
aries, the Revs. J. D. Simmons, H . Hors-
ley, and J. Ilsley, it employs 2 native
clergymen, 34 native catechists, 34 school-
masters, and 7 schoolmistresses. The
total number belonging to the congrega-
194 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

tion, including 771 chUdren, is 2,270; the the confidence and esteem oi those about
average number w h o attend the Sabbath her. It does seem that G o d has made her
services, 831; and the number of communi- just for this place and work, however re-
cants, 724. Fifty-four adults were bap- markable aU the incidents connected there-
tized during 1893, and there were 87 in- with.
quirers at the end of the year. O n e During last week, including both Sab-
thousand six hundred and thirty-six chil- baths, there were thirteen meetings in the
dren are under instruction in 40 vernacular Mission Chapel. A t these there was an
schools, and 387 attend Sabbath schools. aggregate attendance of 180 Hebrews-
T h e native contributions amounted to Mrs. Greenberg had under her care 28 of
Rs.4,020, and subscriptions to R8.3,620, these, some young ladies, some little girls.
which, together with a grant from the so- The others were young m e n and boys, evi-
ciety of Rs.3,000, maintained the native dently trying to find their h o m e — a home
agency.— C. M . Intelligencer. for the weary sick soul—in this -wide, dark
world, and looking for a guide.
Mr. Greenberg m a d e no less than sev-
AT HOME.
enty visits last week, going from house to
The Mission of the Covenant to Is- house. In more than nine-tenths of these
eael, Philadelphia, Pa. — Mr. Moses he was kindly received, and husbands and
Greenberg and wife are earnestly at work wives and chUdren listened 'with interest
among the Israelites. This is the work as he told them about the great Redeemer
for which his heart has yearned since the of Israel. Sometimes he received a rebuff,
day of his conversion. I think no one can but w e think he always tm-ned the other
portray the genuine satisfaction he has in cheek and held his peace.
it; yet the sun is not always making a The kind friends are Uberally sustaining
bright sky. H e meets with scoffers and the Mission; they have sent the means to
flinty infidels, but has a very gracious way establish the work, above all w e expected.
of conversing with them, so as to draw W e are grateful to our Lord, who has
them. H e has courage to enter theu- moved their hearts. A s the supplies are
places of trade, their homes and salute forwarded, w e hope to enlarge the work
them on the street, and no one can get and add to its eificiency. W e intend in
away from him without having a n e w September, if the Lord provides, to estab-
thought shot into his head, if not the lish a free dispensary. W e are greatly en-
heart. couraged by the m a n y letters, assuring us
Mrs. Greenberg, a native of Germany, is of continual prayer for Israel, and express-
well quaUfied for her position. She is finely ing the belief that the time has come," the
educated, having her diploma from the high time which the Lord has set." Receipts
school of Leipsig. She is capable of con- for this Mission tUl July 31, including two
versing with the Israelites in their tongue, months, amount to $456.50 ; expenditures,
and is devoted to the work with all the $464.30.
ardor of her husband. Witb manners and J. C. M'Feeters.
appearance prepossessing, she readily gains
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
Cincinnati Hebrew Mission.—The Lord
seems pleased to use all m y time in the
work H e has given to m e a m o n g m y breth-
ren. His people of the old covenant, and it
is impossible for m e to write personally to
all friends w h o asked m e to do so during
the meeting of Synod in Philadelphia; so
I think it best under these circumstances to
ask you to print in your Hebald or Mis-
sion News the following short report of
the work done among the Jews in Cincin-
nati since m y return from Synod.
The distribution of N e w Testaments,
tracts and leaflets in Hebrew, Judseo-
German, English and German, or in other
words the preaching and visiting from
house to house is in m y opinion the most
important branch of the work. O n e hun-
dred and seven N e w Testaments in Hebrew
and Judseo-German, four German and
three English Bibles and a great number
of tracts and leaflets were given out.
Wherever an occasion offered itself to
speak to the Jews about the Messiah, it has
been used, and wherever a poor Jewish
family was •visited, father, mother and
chUdren had to listen to the glorious news
of the Gospel. M a n y a rough word reached
my ears, several times I was told to leave
the house at once and I was run out, but I
was not discouraged. I went on patiently
and I see the blessing of the Lord rests
upon the work and some of the seed sowed
at random brings forth fruit.
One Jewish brother, the father of three
motherless children, was -visited several
times, thefirsttime about three months
ago; he would not only not listen to m y
words and to m y invitations to read the
New Testament and find out the truth for
himself, but he would not even allow his
children to speak to me. W h e n I invited
196
father and chUdren to attend the picnic of
our Sabbath-school, the father had one
answer only: " M y children shall not come
near a Christian church." All I could do
was to pray to m y Lord and Master that
H e might touch the hardened heart of this
m a n ; and H e has heard m y prayers ; two
weeks ago the m a n came to me, told h o w
G o d had -visited him with troubles and
sorrows during the last weeks and asked
for a N e w Testament to search it if he
could find any help through the Messiah
he had despised so long. Since that time
father and children are regular attendants
of all our services on Sabbath and on
Wednesday.
Another of the many incidents: Last
Sabbath afternoon I received the visit of a
well dressed Jewish brother of about 50
years. H e introduced himself as the secre-
tary of an orthodox Hungarian Synagogue
and frankly asked m e for a Hebrew N e w
Testament that he might read and study
the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth
whose name only was known to him. H e
received it and listened patiently when I
pointed out to him the Messianic prophecies
of the Old Testament and their fulfillment
in the New. T w o more applications for
N e w Testaments were received the same
Sabbath afternoon from orthodox Jews of
the better class and m y heart rejoiced that
the children of Israel were seeking " the
Lord their G o d and David their King."
But, do not believe that our work is all
sunshine; discouragements and difficulties
are plentiful and the prayers of all good
Christian people are needed to sustain us.
Although no great multitudes attend our
meetings on Sabbath evening, w e are not
discouraged. Our feeble pecuniary circum-
stances do not permit us to do the only
196 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
thing that will bring forth large crowds,
advertising and giving out of handbills in
the streets. But the majority of our Jew-
ish visitors come regularly and attend our
chui'ch services and seem to be earnest in-
quirers after the truth. S o m e have come
to Jesus and believe in H i m as the true
Messiah ; one young m a n will be received
into our church in one or two weeks ;
another one, a very intelUgent German Jew,
is under instructions.
The number of Jews at our regular ser-
vices was last week: Prayer meeting of
August 1, three men. August 5, Sabbath-
school : Three boys, four girls, three men.
Morning service: Three girls, three men.
Young People's Society: Five girls, two
men. Jewish service: Five girls, seven-
teen men, two ladies.
The number of visits made to Jewish
families from June 25 to July 31, was 148,
and from August 1 to August 5 it was
fourteen, a total of 162.
The distribution of clothing, food and
other relief to the most needy poor goes
on, but I wish I could do more of it; with-
out exception these poor people most
gratefully acknowledge the Christian love
shown them in the relief received and con-
trast it with the indifference among their
o w n people. The days of distress are
doing good work for Jesus among the Jews
as they are doing among the heathen
people.
W e praise G o d that H e was with us and
w e pray that H e may give us light and
guidance, that H e may enable us to know
His will and to do it. Just n o w w e depend
entirely on free will offerings, but we
solicit no contributions, for w e know that
w e are doing the Lord's work, that H e
will be with us and that H e wiU provide.
But we are fully con-vinced that God will
bless only that work which H e owns as
His. Hence w e desire to do His work, in
obedience to our Lord, in the power of the
Holy Spirit and for the glory of our God.
Hence we will be in everything honest and
true before G o d and m a n and avoid all
exaggerations, all tricks to encourage con-
tributions. Hence w e ask that every
Christian pray for the Jews and for the
Mission and for the help of the Lord, His
presence. His power. His guidance and
His smile.
Yours in the love and the service of our
Lord and Master,
Louis Meyer.
112. Clinton street, Cincinnati, Aug. 6,1894.
Winchester, Kansas.—The Ladies' Mis-
sionary Society of Winchester Congrega-
tion held its anniversary on M a y 10, 1894.
A n interesting programme was carried out.
Rev. S. R. WaUace, of Syracuse, N. I.,
made an appropriate address; also en-
couraging remarks were made by our Pas-
tor and Rev. Angleman, of the M. E.
Church. Our work during the past year
consisted in part in making a crazy patch-
work quilt and about eighty garments for
Mission children at Mersine, Turkey. W e
still continue to contribute one hundred
dollars for the support of a native teacher
in Foreign Mission.
Our society sent two delegates to attend
a farewell meeting held in honor of Miss
Jennie B. Dodds, at Topeka, Kansas. W e
have received several letters from mission-
aries, which all are delighted to hear read
in the meetings. They are so helpful to
us. W e also organized a ChUdren's Mis-
sionary Society called " The Band of Will-
ing Workers," trusting it wiU do good and
 Items of Missionary InteUigence. 197

instil in the young minds a missionary 1893. Miss Benn was made superintend-
spirit. While w e do not have the Woman's ent, and the society was called " WiUing
Presbyterial Missionary Society, w e have Workers for Jesus.'' W e began with seven
circulating letters, which are very interest- members, and n o w w e have twenty-five.
ing and quite a good substitute. During Our motto is to " D o Good and B e Good."
the year our number has not been broken W e have held sixteen meetings, one
by death, for which w e give thanks to our every month. W e would like to meet once
kind Heavenly Father. M a y God's con- a week, but w e cannot, as many of our
tiaued blessings to us increase our energy members Uve in the country. Then, too,
and love for His work. w e have a number of very little folks who
Mes. M . M . Cabson, cannot attend by themselves.
Secretary. In our meetings w e learn Bible verses,
Treasurer's report for the year ending psalms, which w e sing, and learn to pray
May 1894: aloud. Then w e read or hear stories about
RECEIPTS. the little children far away, w h o m we are
Balance from last report $38 73 trying to help. Sometimes w e receive let-
Monthly dues coUected 47 15 ters from missionaries far away. These
Anniversary collection .. 12 00 w e enjoy very much, and they make us
Donations on qu.Ut 22 07 want to help them all the more.
Personal donations 38 60 W e earn the money w e send away our-
Donations for material 9 75 selves. W e do this by making garden.
Other contributions 12 02 raising and selling the vegetables; raising
chickens, chopping wood and many other
Tqj^j^^ $180 32 ways. So far w e have sent $10 across
the sea to Asia Minor, $10 to our
DISBUBSEMENTS. Southeru Mission, $3 to help buUd a church
To Walter T. Miller for Syrian ^^ Kansas City, $3 for Topeka Church and
teacher $100 00 ^3 ^^ Seattle. Then w e made picture
Moses Greenberg for Bible 5 00 gcrap-books and sent them to Syria. W e
Expenses of quilt 3 50 are very glad that w e have Christian
Material for clothing for children parents w h o teach us about Jesus, and w e
of the Foreign Mission 20 20 jj^g^n to try to do whatever w e can to send
Church buUding in Kansas City.. 10 00 .j^j^g ^^.^g about H i m to the many boys and
Freight on elothmg 135 g^^ls w h o do not know Him.
Floea Humphkeys, Sec'y.
$140 25
Balance in treasury 40 07 Shaeon, Ia.—Resolutions of the L. M .
Mes. Nannie A. Hutchison, S. of Sharon, Iowa, on the death of Mrs.
Treasurer. Margaret Milligan, w h o departed this life
Steeling, Kansas.—The Children's Mis- June 13th, 1894:
sion Band of the Reformed Presbyterian Whereas, The Angel of Death has en-
Church of Sterling was organized Jan. 1, tered our society again and ealled to one
198 Monographs.
of our number, " C o m e up higher," one
w h o was looked upon not only as a sister
but also as a mother in Israel, character-
ized at all times by the same modest and
loving disposition ;
Resolved, 1st, That while w e deeply
mourn the loss of a loved friend and faith-
ful worker, w h o in her later years was sel-
d o m permitted to meet with us, but was
always ready and wUling to help with
every good work, yet w e bow submissively,
feeling that G o d is but taking His o w n to
Himself.
Resolved, 2d, That, although sorely tried
in the furnace of affliction, thereby de-
priving her of m a n y privileges, and in her
last year bereaved of her earthly compan-
ion, yet she was not deprived of that con-
stant companion Jesus, and bore her long
M O N O G R A P H S .
FOR JESUS' SAKE.
At one of our inland stations under an
active teacher a number of young m e n had
begun to receive the Gospel as their delight,
when a dear young lad whose two brothers
were professed Christians, also joined them.
A relative was angry at his becoming a
Christian and threatened that if he went
back to the church or Sabbath-school he
would shoot him dead. The lad thought
it was only a threat, and was so eager to
obtain Christian instruction he could not
be kept away. A friend warned him one
Sabbath morning that he had seen the
relative w h o had threatened to shoot him,
carefully loading his rifle that morning,
and he feared it was to shoot him. The
and painful illness with only the patience
that a Christian can, untU relieved by a
kind Father.
Resolved, 3d, That in this Providence we
recognize the voice of our Master saying,
" W o r k while it is day," and as life is un-
certain and w e k n o w not which one of our
number m a y be called next, let us then
prepare to meet our God.
Resolved, 4th, That w e deeply sympa-
thize with the bereaved famUy, aged fa-
ther and friends, and pray that their grief
m a y be assuaged by the prospect of a
happy meeting—a reunion for eternity—in
the heavenly world.
Susie M . Hendeeson,
Jennie Robb,
Maey Willson,
Committee.
lad appears to have stayed away from the
church, but went with his two brothers to
the Sabbath-school. After it was over they
remained in the teacher's house tiU near
night and then started to go home. The
savage concealed in the bush by the path
shot the dear lad, sending a ball through
him. H e let fall his h y m n book, ran on a
little and fell, sprang to his feet, ran back
and lifted his h y m n book and turned to
run back to his brothers, but feU again,
got up, ran a few steps and fell moaning,
"Brothers, I a m dying." His brothers pray-'
ed for him and sang a verse of his favorite
hymn, in which he tried to join, and, as
one of them again said A m e n after prayer,
the struggle was over, he lay dead on the
 Monographs. 199

path. They carried him to the nearest all around. For what except His teaching
house, and left his body there and sent could have produced such a change in the
quickly for my son, who got there next brothers and peacemakers ? Truly as much
morning just as forty savages with loaded as ever, the Gospel is the power of God
rifles had assembled to shoot the murderer. unto salvation to every one who believes,
The whole multitude were much excited black or white, bond or free, high or low,
and had the brothers of the murdered lad civilized or savage. H e cries, " Come unto
been heathen, it would have been their m e all ye that labor and are heavy laden
duty and honor to shoot the murderer, or and I will give you rest.'' And O ! His
they would have been branded as miserable loving assurance, " Him (her) that cometh
cowards—but the brothers, backed by the unto me I will in no wise cast out." O
small Christian party went forward and what a friend and Saviour we have in Jesus.
pleaded, " O don't shoot the poor murderer Would that we could all love and serve
with his sins on him unrepented of and Him more and more devotedly.
unforgiven—spare him till we teach him (Dr.) John G. Paton.
about Jesus and pray for him and he will
be happy." M y son helped them to plead AN APPEAL TO THE KORAN.
for him, and as they were the natural re- When Dr. Harris and Mr. Nelson made
vengers of his murder So pleading for his their late tour to the North, they stopped
life to be spared, a great chief rose and under large trees near a certain Moslem
said, " Peace shall be maintained here, no town. The doctor took one tree, Mr. Nelson
life shall be taken—war shall not follow another, and the helper another. The latter
this murder. The missionary pleads for began to read the Bible aloud. A crowd
his life to be spared, his brothers plead forgathered and were saying " A m e n " to all
it, peace shall be continued. I wUl shoot he read. " What book is it ?''
any man or number of men who break the "The Torat and Engeel." (Old and N e w
peace and shed blood." After this the Testament.)
noise and excitement settled down. The " W e never heard it before. Read on.
murderer's life was spared. The brothers Whose book is it ? "
and Christian party prayed for him and " It is God's Word."
taught him about God's love in Jesus " W e know only the Koran as God's
Christ who was crucified and died for sin- Word."
ners, and who is ready to give eternal " But the Koran says the Bible is God's
salvation, with peace and joy here in believ- Word."
ing, to aU who love and serve Jesus. The " Well, then, read on."
murderer was so astonished at their Christ- But the religious sheikh came running
ian conduct, by God's grace he was led to up and calling out, " What is this ? Stop !
become a worshiper of Jesus Christ, and Stop! "
is now as eagerly attending the Sabbath- " W h y , sir, we are only reading God's
school as the lad he shot for doing so. Word."
Thus the Christians gained a great victory " N o ; you are liars. Only the Koran is
which commended the teaching of Jesus to God's Word."
200 Monographs.

" Bring a Koran and w e will show you sitting in his room anxiously pondering.
where it says this book is God's Word." H e sat on an ordinary chair, his feet rest-
The sheikh ran for his Koran, stipulat- ing on the floor; just then an intelligent
ing that the reading be stopped till his native entered the room and the thought
return. Then chapter and verse were flashed to the Missionary to ask the all-
cited and read, and the victory won, and absorbing question yet once again in a new
all sat listening for theflrsttime to God's light. W a s he not resting on that chair,
W o r d of the Old and N e w Testament. would that attitude lend itself to the dis-
Several copies were sold, and the people covery? "Taea,"said Dr. Paton, "what
had n e w food for thought.—Rev. Samuel a m i doing n o w ? " "Koikae ana Misi,"
Jessup, in Woman's W o r k for W o m a n . " you're sitting down, Missi," the native
replied. Then the Missionary drew up his
THE ANIWAN'S BEAUTIFUL DEFL feet and placed them upon the bar of the
NITION OF FAITH. chair just above thefloor,and leaning back
A n intensely interesting incident was re- upon the chair in an attitude of repose,
lated to us lately by Dr. Paton at the dis- asked, " what a m I doing n o w ?" " Faka-
covery of a term in the language of Aniwa rongrongo, Misi," " y o u are leaning
for faith. wholly," or '• you have lifted yourself from
It seems that for a long time no equiva- every other support." " That's it,'' shouted
lent could be found, and the work of Bible the Missionary, with an exultant cry; and
translation was paralyzed for the want of a sense of holy joy awed him as he reahzed
so fundamental and oft-recurring a term. that his prayer had been so fuUy answered.
The natives apparently regarded the verb T o lean on Jesus wholly and only is surely
" to hear " as equivalent to belief. For the true meaning of appropriating or sav-
instance, suppose a native were asked ing faith. A n d n o w " Fakrongrongo lesu
whether he heard a certain statement. ea anea moure," " Leaning on Jesus unto
Should he credit the statement he would eternal life," or "for all the things of eter-
reply " yes, I heard it," but should he dis- nal life,'' is the happy experience of those
believe it he would answer " no, I did not Christian Islanders, as it is of all who thus
hear it," meaning not that his ears had cast themselves unreservedly on the Sav-
failed to catch the words, but that he did ior of the world for salvation.—South Sea
not regard them as true. This definition of Islands.
faith was obviously insufficient—many pas-
sages, suoh as " faith cometh by hearing,'' M c K A Y OF FORMOSA.
would be impossible of translation through Among the writer's classmates in
so meagre a channel; and prayer was Princeton Seminary was a quiet, retiring
made continually that G o d would supply studious, devout student from Canada.
the missing link. N o effort had been W h e n conversed with, the sparkling eyes,
spared in interrogating the most inteUigent intense manner, and suppressed voice, wit-
native pundits, but all in vain, none caught nessed a soul onfirewith a holy ardor. He
the hidden meaning of the word sought by devoted himself to Mission work in For-
the Missionary. O n e day Dr. Paton was mosa. This year, revisiting Canada, he
 Editorial Notes. 201
was chosen Moderator of their General guns, and bands of music they embarked.
Assembly. H e has helped to found sixty Three steam launches, one with foreigners,
churches and to gather in four thousand one with mandarins, one with converts, and
converts. His life has been full of inci- many small boats followed them as far as
dent as well as work, and trials, opposition they dared. Surely, the " miracles of mis-
and persecution have come of his glorious sions " may well be cited as evidences of
successes. As illustrating what changes the divine source of Christianity.—North
have been brought about, m a y be men- and West.
tioned hisfirstappearance at one large city,
Bang-Kah, and his leaving there and start- WAITING IN VAIN.
ing for Canada. O n the first occasion he
was driven from one house by soldiers, was A n overworked lady missionary, with a
hooted through the streets, had three large number of villages depending upon
her for Christian teaohing, once visited a
other houses torn down by the furious
mob, and was urged by native and Euro- place some miles from her station and
pean officials to leave the city. But he per- spoke for an hour to the people about
sisted and has gathered there a ohurch and Christ and his great salvation. Three
months passed before she was abje to visit
built a large ediflce with lofty spires, where
the same village again, and then how heart-
a converted Confucianist ministers. W h e n
breaking was her greeting by the inhabit-
leaving there he was borne in a sedan
ants : " W e put away our idols after your
chair lined with silk, and was escorted by
last visit, and w e have waited three months
a procession in which were three manda-
rins,fivehead men, twenty sedan chairs, for some one to oome and teach us the right
six horses and a throng of people with way, but no one came. W e therefore re-
turned to our old gods again." W h a t
gongs, drums, and various other instru-
more touching picture could w e have of
ments. W h e n he started from Tamsui,
India's need ? W h o will come " to the
seven hundred converts had gathered to
help of the Lord against the mighty ? ''—
see Pastor and Mrs. M c K a y . A m i d the
noise of drums and gongs and firecrackers,
Awake,

EDITORIAL N O T E S .

The Herald of Mission News will be glad to receive orders for

the Missionary Picture that was on exhibition at Synod. This picture is
not an engraving, but a finely finished photograph of all the Missionaries
sent out to Syria, Asia Minor and Cyprus, from the inception of the For-
eign Missionary enterprise to the end of 1893. It is of historic value, giv-
ing the likeness and name of each Missionary, the field to which he was
originally sent or in w h i c h h e is n o w laboring, a n d the date of his appoint-
ment, with other dates of importance in the history of the Missions, it
should have a place o n the walls of every Sabbath School R o o m in the
Church. T h e cost of this unique picture, m o u n t e d a n d ready for framing
is only F o u r Dollars.
202 Editorial Notes.
— A cablegram, received on the 10th of
August, announces the safe arrival of our
senior missionary. Rev. Dr. D. Metheny,
at Mersine, Asia Minor. Miss Evadna M .
Sterrett of the same Mission, after spend-
ing two or three months with her friends
in this country, left N e w York, Saturday,
25th ult., for Liverpool, expecting to reach
h o m e in time for the resuming of school
work.
—-Another paper intimates that Rev.
Elmer McBurney has accepted condition-
ally an appointment to the proposed
Mission to China. In view of this, it m a y
be as well to let the churches have a fuller
statement of the case. In reply to the
Secretary" notifying him of the action of
Synod in electing him as one of its mis-
sionaries to China, Mr. McBurney wrote,
on the 20th of July, as foUows : " I can
only say that I do not yet feel ready to
make a decision. So long as I had reason
to hope that Mr. Mclsaac would be m y
co-laborer, I felt that m y decision was
made, but as Mr. Mclsaac has written to
m e stating that it is his purpose to return
to the Mission at Selma, I feel that it
would not be the part of wisdom for m e to
decide until I know w h o m y co-laborer
is to be.
" T h e success of the work in China or
in anyfieldmust depend in a great meas-
ure on the united effort of earnest workers.
Companions must be congenial, able to
understand each other more or less ; and,
although two persons may work together
for years before they know each other
fully, still you know that one can have
some idea, even on short acquaintance, as
to the advisability of joioing his labor with
that of another.
" I have felt greatly encouraged with
the work here in W a h o o . The congrega-
tion, although small in numbers, is united
and growing, and the fact that m y labors
here have been blessed is one great dis-
couragement to m e , w h e n I think of having
to go away so far.
" Although m y heart is 'with the strug-
gling congregations of the West, I feel that
the work in China is even more important,
and for this reason I cannot decide to enter
the work there, until w e have done every-
thing in our power to insure the success of
the work there. T o m y mind, it would be
disastrous to the Mission in China to send
two workers w h o were not united in plans
and purposes and in the same spirit and
mind. For this reason I a m compeUed
to withhold m y decision for the present
and wait farther action of the Board. M y
prayer is that we m a y all be directed in
this very important matter."
W e heartily approve the decision of Mr.
McBurney, as wise and wholly in the in-
terests of missionary work. A n d earnest
efforts are being m a d e to secure the ser-
vices of a congenial associate. The motto
of the m e n w h o go to China as mission-
aries should be: " With one mind striving
together for the faith of the Gospel, and in
nothing terrified by our adversaries."
The names of the ministers to whom we
write urging the claims of this new field
will not be given to the press. N o such
pressure shall be brought to bear on any
one to leave his presentfieldof labor. W e
do not wish any one to go unless he hears
the call of the Master as distinctly as did
the EvangeUst PhiUp, when the Angel of
the Lord spake unto him, saying " Arise
and go." A n d w e hope that no one, when
he hears the call, will hesitate to act as
 Editorial Notes. 203

promptly as that eminent evangelist, of was at one time a deacon in the Clarinda
whom it is recorded that "he arose and R. P. Church, but resigned that office.
went.'' It is not the call of m a n but the H e was a w a r m friend of his late pastor,
call of God, to which he is to Usten. It is Rev. D. M c K e e . They spent a life together
not the wish of m a n but the will of G o d to of 32 years in the warmest friendship.
which he is to submit himself.* Only five months between their removal
from time to eternity. They were not long
— T h e attention of the young ministers
separated, and what a glorious reunion,
of the church is again called to Cyprus.
enjoying the company and feUowship of
Our Licentiate, M . Daoud Saada, continues
our kind Heavenly Father, our Saviour,
to labor there with great diligence and zeal.
the Holy Spirit, three in o'ne, as well as the
No form of opposition seems to trouble
communion of those gone before. W e
him. Rev. R. J. Dodds, too, of Mersine,
deeply sympathize with the wife and chil-
visits thefieldas frequently as possible to
dren, w h o are left so lonely. G o d will
encourage and direct him in his work. But
comfort them."
these occasional visits are not enough.
This memorial gift will be applied, at
There is pressing need of an ordained
the suggestion of the donor, to aid in the
minister to reside on the island and take
support of the Pastors' Missionary.
responsible charge of the work. The
voice of the Lord is heard saying, " W h o m —WUl the young women of the church
shall I send and w h o will go for us ? " w h o have not yet sent forward their second
payment on thefive-yearpledge to aid in
—Individuals and congregations are
paying the salary of their missionary,
reminded that money is urgently needed
please remit at once? Surely it is not
to pay for the repairs and alterations in
necessary to put the Heeald op Mission
the Lower House in Suadia, and also to
News to the expense of sending a sjDecial
make such changes in the Upper House
notice to each contributor.
that our missionaries shall have a fairly
comfortable home. A thousand dollars —Every one will be interested in reading
should be paid into the Treasury at once the Monograph, " For Jesus' Sake." It is
for this purpose. from the pen of the beloved Dr. John G.
Paton, whose visit to this country a year
— A few weeks ago w e received from Mr. or two ago created such enthusiasm in the
Robt. W . Robb, of Linton, Iowa, a draft hearts even of m a n y w h o had hitherto
for $7.75, to be expended at the discretion been to a large extent indifferent to the
of Dr. Metheny. T h e money has been for- claims of Foreign Missions. "It may,"
warded to the Treasurer. he says, "let some young careless people
— T h e following letter tells a beautiful and Christians see what some have to suffer
story of sympathy and love: for Jesus' sake and h o w some appreciate
"Enclosed you will find a draft for $30, the teaohing of the Gospel."
in memory of Mr. Robert Ewing, w h o Dr. Paton, w h o sailed from London on
departed this life on the 27th of May, the 10th of August, was very successful in
1894, in the 73d year of his age. H e raising money in Britain. In a private
204 Editorial Notes.

letter to a dear friend in Philadelphia, Pa., CROSS-BEARER'S

written on the 22d of July, he speaks of
being " within £150 of the £1,000 needed
yearly for the n e w ship, with another
£1,000 added to the price of the ship—
£7,000 n o w to buUd her.'' H e also says :
"I have got what justifies m e in engaging
three n e w missionaries," a physician w h o
will go out next year and two young
ministers w h o wUl leave England on the
21st of this month.
This eminent missionary intends to go
to the Islands soon after his arrival in
Australia. His heart is in the N e w
Hebrides, and w e pray that he m a y be
spared to see m a n y n e w islands in the
group occupied for Jesus and His blessed
work.''
—Some weeks ago we received from the
Session of East End, Pittsburgh, an appeal
in reference to the heavy load of debt rest-
ing on that oongregation. " T h e smallness
of our number,'' says Mr. Calderwood,
" and the greatness of our debt show
that help must be given in order that w e
m a y succeed in bearing up a standard for
truth in this part of our beloved Zion."
It gives us pleasure to'remind our readers
that Synod, at its last meeting, recom-
mended that a collection should be lifted
to release these brethren from so much of
the debt as had been incurred by a legal
protection of the property. All contribu-
tions for this purpose should be sent to
W U U a m Blair, 367 Main street, Pittsburgh,
Pa.
Missionary Reading Circle.
REV. MARCUS L, GRAY, Pres't,
LITERATURE FOR 1894-5.
I. B I O G R A P H I C A L .
1, Life of Bobert Morrison $ .75
W m . J. Townsend.
2. Life of Adoniram Judson 1.50
Rev. Ed-ward Judson, D.D.
II. PATKIOTIC.
3. Our Country (Revised) 60
Rev. Josiah Strong, D.D.
III. E V A N G E L I C A L .
4. Foreign Missions After a Century L50
Rev. James S. Dennis, D.D.
IV. PERIODICAL.
5. Tlie Missionary Review of tlie "World...
To C. M. R. C. Members 1.90
Rev. Arthur T. Pierson, D.D , Editor,
6. Membership Fee, per annum 50
Send membership fee, 50 cents, to the Secre-
tary, Rev. Z. M. Williams, A.M., Gallatin, Mo., ^.
and write him for further information. |6.35
buys all Uterature for 1894^5. Send this amoutif"
to H E R A L D O F MISSION N E W S ,
New York City.
Auy one purchasing a set of these books
through us will receive the Heeald of Mis-
sion Ne'ws free for one year.

Don't fail to order the Missionary Picture for your Sabbath School.
Only F o u r Dollars for 43 finely finished p h o t o g r a p h s of Covenanter Mis-
sionaries.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MJSSIONS,
October, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1894.

O U R VIEWS OF IVIISSION W O R K .
THE REFLEX INFLUENCE OF any man willeth to do his will, he shall
FOREIGN MISSIONS. know of the teaohing whether it be of
Reii, J. Eimendorf, D. D., N e w York. God."
My theme grows out of and is insepar- The reflex influence of missions is of this
able from the broader and more funda- kind, because missionary effort is obedi-
mental topic—The Reflex Influence of ence to the most impressive, comprehensive,
Missions. unqualified order that ever fell from our
A Christian missionary is any believer in Lord's lips. It is the most enduring also,
the Lord Jesus Christ, who, in obedience for its force cannot be at all lessened until
to His command, is preaching the Gospel the great voices in heaven shall declare:
to some creature who has not received it. " The kingdoms of this world are become
PrimarUy, location, whether near or afar, the kingdoms of our Lord and of his
enters not into the idea. Andrew exempli- Christ; and he shall reign for ever and
fied the missionary spirit and its normal ever.''
action, when self-moved he found his Obedience to this command is, therefore,
brother Peter, and brought him to Jesus not only universally and perpetually oblig-
•with the argument: " W e have found the atory, but disobedience destroys all claims
Messias." to Christian discipleship. For within the
This case shows that Christ's parting sound of Christ's words and within sight
command—His Church's great commission of His example, the heart that is not moved,
of evangelization for all time—was the in some degree, to give the bread of life
formulation of a law of Christian duty, that to those who are perishing for lack of it, is
voiced thefirstpromptings of souls made no more Christian than is the heart human
alive by the faith of Christ. The words of that is untouched by the piteous moans of
the Holy Ghost on the sacred page and on the starving and refuses them food. Chris-
thefleshlytables of the renewed heart are tian development is no more predicable of
identical. And the reflex or retroactive in- such heart than is growth of a stone, to
fluence of all obedience to divine commands which the Scriptures liken it. Tet growth
deepens and makes more distinct the soul's is as certainly the law of the spiritual life
oensciousness of their correspondence. in human souls as it is of vegetable or ani-
Hence the self-evidencing power of divine mal Ufe in the organisms it vitalizes. A n d
'roth, and the reason of Jesus' words, " If the real progress of Christ's kingdom in
206 Our Views of Mission W o r k .
the earth is measured by the spiritual
growth of individual believers.
Moreover, such growth, while it implies,
is most certainly and successfully secured
by missionary effort, because it involves in-
creasingly such action of the intellectual,
moral and spiritual faculties as clears and
deepens the believer's consciousjiess of
•union iu thought, purpose, sympathy, and
satisfaction with Jesus Christ in the ob-
jects and end of his o w n mission to our
world.
T h e new-born soul, tasting that the Lord
is good, and rejoicing in hope of His glory.
inevitably sends the inquiry heavenward
"Lord, what wilt thou have m e to d o ? "
A n d the converted Saul of Tarsus was no
more directly and definitely sent into the
city with the promise " It shall be told thee
what thou must do,'' than is each inquirer
since sent to the Scripture record of Jesus'
life and teachings for the same object.
Tet, until the question of Christian duty
is considered in the light of the Scriptural
missionary idea, intellectual perceptions
and convictions concerning Christ's teach-
ings and examples on the subject do not
amount to adequate religious forces.
It is the missionary idea that enlarges
the view and deepens the conviction of
Christian obligation, as it is missionary
effort through these that preaches the Gos-
pel in the regions ever "beyond you." A n d
as all the direct influence of the missionary
idea and the direct benefits of missionary
effort are toward and for their objects, so
the beneficial influence of the idea, no less
than of the effort, upon the missionary
worker, must be reflex. T h e enlarged
views and deepened convictions react upon
the idea to clear and elevate it, and this
again stimulates the thoughts to grasp
more fully the thought of the Lord, and the
feelings to respond to his pity for the lost.
A s compared with the intellectual illumin-
ation of Christendom at the commence-
ment of this century, that of to-day con-
cerning the missionary work the Churoh
must do is a fulfillment of the prophet's
radiant -vision—" T h e light of the moon
shall be as the light of the sun, and the
light of the sun shall be sevenfold."
A n d yet the proportions of this duty
have only fairly begun to dawn upon the
apprehension of the Church. Truly did
Secretary Judson Smith declare, in his
paper presented at an Anniversary Meet-
ing of the A. B. C. F. M., " It is but the
fringes of heathenism which we have
touched thus far. Nothing that we have
thought of or attempted is yet finished.
Everywhere our work is just begun, or is
reaping the first fruits, or is preparing
upon the ground of certain positive gains
to go forward on a larger scale to a broader
result. While the countless hosts of hea-
thenism still include the vast majority of
the h u m a n race, and while this great mass
of heathenism moves on its dark way un-
illumined and unchecked, and whUe in
nominally Christian lands so large an
amount of godlessness and practical athe-
ism confront us," can any thoughtful
Christian feel that the work of the world's
salvation has been more than just begun ?
It is the sight of the multitudes har-
assed and destroyed by sin that moves the
disciple with deepest compassion for them,
as it did the Master, and inspires earnest
prayers for more laborers. Certainly the
prayerful contemplation of the expanding
field for missionary labor, which mission-
ary labor discloses, must so react upon the
intellect of the Church as to compel it to
 Our Views of Mission Work.
face the weighty practical questions con-
cerning a corresponding expansion of its
missionary plans and efforts.
A u d so the moral faculties of believers
are exercised and proved by this influence.
Can the ever enlarging vision of perish-
ing myriads, which makes the Christian's
brain throb with conviction and his heart
palpitate with emotion, constrain his will
to such determined, persistent, self-denying
effort in getting the knowledge of God's
salvation to them as shall show that the
indwelling Spirit of Christ is dominant in
his soul ? This is the ever continuing test
by which the ever exigent cause of Missions
discloses to us our moral harmony with
Jesus Christ in the great work of the
world's recovery to G o d — a work given
directly to His beloved Son by the Eternal
Pather, and as directly committed by that
Sop, clothed with resurrection authority
and power, to His disciples w h o should be
in the world.
The growing needs of the cause must
call for more and more prayer, for larger
gifts of our money, for more earnest efforts
to enlist the sympathies and help of our com-
panions ; may call for our sons and d-augh-
ters to recruit the hardly pressed company
of laborers in heathen fields; m a y give the
cry " C o m e over and help us " a personal
direction, through providential indications
and deepening convictions, which shall de-
mand the measure of consecration that
answers: "Here a m I; send m e ! " But
whatever the service or sacrifice demanded
may be, blessed are they whose conscious-
ness of moral union with their Lord shall
enable them with some measure of His
holy and triumphing submission to say:
"Father, not m y wUl but Thine be done."
And thus:
207
This demonstrated [moral union with
Jesus shall make more definite and
deep their sympathy and satisfaction with
H i m , in the objects and end of His mission
to our world, through the quickened action
of the spiritual faculties.
It is by spiritual apprehension that the
things of the K i n g d o m of G o d become
verities to the soul made alive by His Spirit.
The elemental powers or faculties of His
life are faith and love, so intimately united
that faith can express its workings through
love and yet not become identical with it.
The distinction must be maintained. In
the outward as well as inward workings of
the spiritual Ufe, faith must energize the
will, while love moulds the effort. Faith
accepts the obligation; love fulfills it.
Faith grasps the divine and brings the
soul under the power of eternal realities ;
love assimilates it to them. In every effort
of a chUd of G o d to obey his command,
faith must hear the order, accept the
pledged aid, while love constrains and con-
secrates the whole soul to the service. A n d
it is in the manifest and mighty reflex in-
fluence of Foreign Missions upon Christian
faith and love that its reality and impor-
tance most appear.
A s w e have seen, missionary work prop-
erly begins with the nearest accessible--
souls that have not received a knowledge
of the w a y of life. Every sincere efl'ort to-
convert such is a " work of faith and labor-
of love," and reacts beneficially upon ih^BS
fundamental fruits of the Spirit. But when
missionary work booomes distinctively for-
eign its reflex power is m u c h increased for
manifest reasons. It is more certainly
unselfish. Nearer labors m a y be, but they
are likely to be prosecuted with motives
and feelings quite complex. The prompt-
208 Our Views of Mission W o r k .
ings of kinship, c o m m o n nationality, pa-
triotism, m a y be large factors in the enthu-
siasm which would purify and mould the
public life of one's o w n community or
country by the principles of the Gospel of
Christ. A n d while these elements are law-
ful and admirable, they make devotion to
the cause less disinterested, less Christlike,
less single for the glory of G o d in the
salvation of souls. A n d all observation,
historic testimony and experience prove
that according to the unselfishness of ser-
vice done for G o d and m a n is the measure
ot blessing reflected upon its authors.
Moreover, the reflex inflaence of Foreign
Missions greatly strengthens faith, both by
the increasing demands which the work
makes upon it, and the equal encourage-
ment it gives to it.
T h e projihet's vision of the " open
valley" of very dry bones finds its most
fearful realization in the vast wastes of
heathendom, and the stark spiritual death
and unutterable desolation which reigns
there. A n d the unceasing appeal of the
Foreign Missionary -n'ork to every inter-
ested believer is: " Can these bones live?"
Can such howling wilderness ever be m a d e
like Eden, and such desert like the garden
of the Lord? Then, while struggling faith
clings to the word, "All power is given
unto m e in heaven and in earth,'' it gains
Uteral assurance as it gazes entranced at
the radiant transformations whicli Christ's
power through His Gospel is effecting.
The comprehensive reviews of the work
wliich bave just beeu made so thoroughly
and iiresented by so m a n y eloquent pens
and tongues, clearly authorize Dr. Storrs'
weighty characterization of its progress :
"It admits no parallel, aud outruns expec-
tation.''
Single facts and scenes amount to
conclusive earnests and divine pledges
of the final and universal triumph of the
cause.
Thus w e conclude, as w e regard the
baptismal font in the great church at B.iu-
in the Fiji Islands, and remember that it is
the transformed famous stone which for
ages stood in front of the chief heathen
temple there, and against which the heads
of innumerable victims of cannibal orgies
were crushed.
This w e feel, as w e contemplate the
memorial tablet of Dr. John Geddie, in
the pretty church at Anelcauhet, on Anei-
teum, the first island Christianized of the
N e w Hebrides group. D r a w n to the
shameless and fierce cannibals there, from
his h o m e in N o v a Scotia, by a divine call
scarcely less distinct and resistless than
was that whieh carried Paul to Macedonia,
he began and prosecuted for years his work
amid difficulties, dangers and discourage-
ments, that could not have been greater.
But the result is told in yonder inscription,
in the native language of the people:
" W h e n he landed in 1848 there was no
Christian here, and w h e n he left in 1872
there were no heathen."
B y the same reflex influence Christian
love is intensified for the numberless souls
yet perishing, aud for the Saviour who has
provided for them an adequate salvation.
Christian zeal is warmed incalculably, by
the radiant examples of consecration and
self-denial, which in the lives and labors of
missionaries illumine the dark places of
the earth. True Christian unity iu its idea
and spirit is developed resistlessly, by the
c o m m o n desire breathed ia the prayers and
echoed in the praises of all Christendom,
and by the demonstrated worthlessness of
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 209

denominational distinctions in evangel- tongues to swell the praises of H i m w h o

izing heathen lands.
So every distinct foreign missionary call,
appeal, result, report, quickens and stimu-
lates the divine life in believing souls, and
qualifies them for more abundant sacrifices
and more glorious acquisitions. Its in-
e'vitable forces cause a mighty action and
reaction in the minds and hearts of those
they reach, which bear them through the
sublime realizations of peace by agitation,
strength by weakness, increase by disper-
sion, exaltation by humiliation, until the
faU blessedness of giving over receiving
pervades their souls with a thrilling fore-
taste of millennial rapture, and tunes their
by the cross obtained His crown.
M y single thought from our theme of
exhaustless suggestiveness, has b e e n — T h e
divine life or S|)irit of Christ in believers
the earthly source and measure of the
Church ; missionary power, aud the devel-
opment of this power, by the reflex influ-
ence of missionary undertaidngs and suc-
cesses. But w e need to see and ever feel
that the divine order of the growth of this
power is within and from individual souls.
A s these with increasing truthfulnes can
say, " For m e to live is Christ," the Church
will become more demonstrably her em-
bodied, living, loving, triumphing Lord.

ITEMS O F M I S S I O N A R Y INTELLIGENCE.

ABROAD. and you will have a faint idea what a task

it is.
Latakia, Syria.—The following items Another class finished the Shorter Cate-
are taken from a letter, received about the chism without proofs and Droppings F r o m
middle of September from Miss Mattie R. the H o n e y C o m b , which is a little Cate-
¥yUe: chism of Bible questions. A U of the small
Our school closed about the usual time, girls were taught orally Brown's Cate-
•with examinations and an entertainment. chism, portions of the Psalms and Bible
There were three girls w h o finished the verses. A class of eight girls memorized
course of study. All of them are m e m - the Psalms in metre and thenfinishedthe
bers of the church, and it is our hope that Seekers' Guide. T hefirstclass studied the
they will all be useful w o m e n wherever H a r m o n y of the Gospels. T h e study for
their lots m a y be cast. A el8.ss of four Sabbath afternoon for all the larger girls
gids committed the Shorter Catechism with was Evidences of Christianity. O n Sab-
proofs, which they recited to m e exceed- bath evenings, in the girls' prayer meeting,
ingly .well. They each received the reward w e always explain the next Sabbath-school
of a Bible. Perhaps you m a y not under- lesson, as they have no lesson helps in
stand what a task it is to do that well. If Arabic. A s it is hard to keep the atten-
you do not, please take d o w n your Confes- tion of the large and small girls together,
sion of Faith, turn to the Shorter Cate- w e divided them, Dr. Balph taking the
chism and count the number of proofs texts, large girls and one of us the smaller ones.
210 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
The girls were all sorry to part with
Miss Edgar. They, as w e U as the native
teachers, showed their appreciation of her
in m a n y ways. After she left, Miss Mc-
Naughton took charge of the sewing, and
took her turn in looking after many other
duties. Whatever she undertakes to do is
sure to be done well.
W e were all glad to have Miss W U l a
Dodds with us again at examination -time.
At present the prospects are that w e will
all have as much as w e can do this year.
Brabahan, one of our members, died in
Bhamra about six w-eeks ago. W h e n her
little baby was two days old, her husband
was angry with her for lending a hatchet
to a neighbor, and made her lie out in the
sun a whole day. The consequence was a
fever set in, which ended her lite. She
gave evidence of being a good woman. Her
husband was a member when she married
him, and then he went back. After a num-
ber of years he took another wife. Her
first impulse was to leave him, but she
would have to leave her children, too ; and
she felt she had a duty to perform to them,
and she was his lawful wife. T w o years
ago she walked from her home to Latakia,
eighteen miles, to have her baby baptized.
She is at rest, Ifirmlybelieve, in the Ever-
lasting Arms.
W e , yesterday, attended the funeral of
Mr. Abdulla Fehedy. H e was a member
of the Greek Church, and believed that his
church was right, yet he and his family
have been the warmest friends tbat the
missionaries have ever had. A n d their
friendship dates back to the beginning of
the Mission. In all our trials and griefs
they have always been thefirstto show us
kindness and sympathy, and, of course, w e
feel deeply with them now in their time of
sorrow. I have had a good many conver-
sations with him on religious subjects, and
I feel sure that he considered Jesus Christ
the " foundation stone " and depended on
H i m alone for salvation.
Mersine, Asia Minor.—In a letter from
Mrs. Mary E. Metheny, written at Guzne,
the 16th of August, she says among other
things:
I suppose more is known in America
about the Stamboul earthquake than we
know here. W e have had no English news-
papers later than the 13th of July, and the
Turkish papers are not allowed to make
any mention of it. Persons talking of it
in the street in Beyrout were arrested.
Last Sabbath morning Dr. Metheny
preached iu Arabic, and in the evening,
after a sermon in EngUsh by Mr. Dodds,
he baptized Mary Lulu A m a n d a Dodds.
The health of all at the Mission is good.
There has been no serious sickness among
the school chUdren. The fear of cholera
has had a good effect among the municipal
authorities in Mersine. It is said the
streets were never so clean. As a result
the general health has been better than
usual.
W e have no regular instruction going
on in the school during the summer, but
the children every day commit to memory
Psalms and Bible verses.
Meksine, Asia Minor.—A letterfrom Eev.
R. J. Dodds, dated August 31, contains the
following items:
The little son of one of our members is
bad with croup. W h e n I caUed to see him,
I found a young w o m a n at the house who
had once been a scholar in the boarding
school and had left it to marry a Greek. It
was refreshing to meet her and talk with
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
her, a w o m a n so intelligent and lady-like,
and neat and tidy, a m o n g her people, Uke
an oasis in the desert. I could not help
saying to myself, " T h e Gospel is like
leaven."
About two weeks ago I was in Tarsus.
There I had two opportunities of speaking
to large gatherings—in a fruit shop to a
lot of Fellaheen, and in a shoe shop to a
mixed crowd. In both places a good im-
pression appeared to be made.
I think nothing scarcely tries one's soul
Uke talking to Fellaheen—they are so
coarse and so blasphemous. I went out
one day to two large villages, and was
kindly received, and preached to about
eighty persons in all, and yet came h o m e
with such feelings as I imagine one has
qfter a plunge in the Dead Sea.
Some m e n in a Moslem store were very
much surprised to-day w h e n I showed
them a vest-pocket edition Bible, and told
them that, small as it was, it contained the
whole of the Old and N e w Testaments. It
is something to wonder at. It certainly
could never be published in Arabic read-
able print. A n old m a n inquired if w e
used the Arabic alphabet, or if our letters
had different sounds. I was very glad to
read him a few texts in English and give
him the equivalent in Arabic. H e seemed
greatly pleased.
New Hebrides.—The following deliver-
ances on the reports adopted at the N e w
Hebrides Meeting of Synod are taken from
the August number of the Presbyterian
Monthly, organ of the Presbyterian
Churches in Victoria and Tasmania .
In these reports there is a good deal to
sadden us, for death has been removing
honored workers and loved children, while
211
hurricane and fire have wrought destruc-
tion on Mission premises. But though this
is so, there is yet m u c h to cheer us, and
w e have enough before us to show that the
work of evangelization makes steady prog-
ress throughout the group, and the re-
ports from some stations more especially
gladden our hearts andfillus with thank-
fulness to G o d for the evident tokens of
His gracious working among the people.
Apart from the considerable numbers w h o
on some islands have professed themselves
followers of Jesus, w e would note, for the
encouragement of all w h o long and pray
for the extension of Christ's kingdom in
the N e w Hebrides, the following signs of
progress—viz.: At South Santo the Gos-
pel of John has been translated and
printed; a dying chief earnestly sought,
and, w e trust, found salvation, and w o m e n
are n o w freely allowed to attend church.
At Malo w e note a handsome new church
erected and an increased number of teach-
ers at work. At Uripio, Malekula, there
has been one baptism, and w e reioice over
two w o m e n near to, or in the kingdom, and
a dying cripple praying and asking to be
prayed for. At P a n g k u m u w e find the
number of teachers increased, and, notwith-
standing great opposition and losses by
the labor traflic, the number who attend
the preaching of the Gospel gradually in-
creases, and some are breaking caste. At
Aulua there is, indeed, a stirring among
the dry-bones, evidenced by large attend-
ances at the services; some of the young
m e n preaching in villages around ; n e w vil-
lages being formed by worshipping people,
and the Gospel of Matthew translated and
printed in this dialect. O n Ambrim, not-
withstanding disastrous losses by hurri-
cane andfire,there is the rapid establish-
212 Items of Alissionary Intelligence.
ment of seven schools and preaching sta-
tions, and the earnestness displayed by a
few Christianized natives in bringing the
Gospel before their fellow-islanders to
cheer us. O n Epi w e note, under the Ni-
kaura Station, the peace which prevails;
the opening of n e w schools, the increased
attendance at school and Sabbath services,
the eagerness of some of the people to
possess books, and also the formation of a
class for candidates for baptism, and some
young m e n confessing that Jesus has w o n
their hearts. Under Burrumba Station
w e hear the same cry for more teachers, as
at Nikaura, and note an increased number
of schools; the beginning of work a m o n g
n e w tribes ; the pubUcation of the Gospel
of Matthew in Bakian, and a fair number
of natives under training as teachers. O n
N g u n a and the islands attached to that
station the forward movement is shown by
the establishment of schools in hitherto
dark and heathen viUages, and the number
of teachers sent out to help in the evange-
lization of other islands. F r o m Havannah
Harbor w e hear of continued accessions
from heathenism, a dictionary of Efatese
and other books printed. At Erakor w e
observe with gratification the publication
of new books paid for by the natives
themselves, and the certain triumph of the
Gospel is vindicated by the n o w wide-open
door on long-closed Mele, and the earnest
of further blessing is seen in the fifty-two
persons there w h o have renounced heath-
enism. F r o m the " martyr island " of Er-
romanga w e hear of the consolidation of
the work among the natives; the pubUca-
tion of n e w books for their use, and pay-
ments being made by them to refund out-
lay on their behalf by the Bible Society,
and also to support teachers on their o w n
islands. T h e n away in the south of the
group, on " D a r k Tanna," as it is fre-
quently called, in connection with the Port
Resolution Station, not only do we learn
of increased attendance at school and of
n e w churches built, but w e hear also the
n o w familiar cry for teachers, and rejoice
over three souls added to the Church. At
Aneityum, the first field taken up by the
Mission, the services have been regularly
held by the natives during the absence of
their missionary. For these things we
thank G o d and from them take new cour-
age.
India.—The Assembly Herald quotes
the following encouraging statement from
an address m a d e by Bishop Thoburn, at
the meeting of the International Mission-
ary Union, held at Clifton Springs, N. Y.,
in June: " About five years ago a move-
ment toward Christianity began to be
noticed a m o n g these people (low caste
villagers), and it has been steadily main-
tained ever since. For some time the con-
verts of all years have averaged about fifty
a day. U p to date there seems no signs of
abatement to the work. If we are able to
provide for it, there is every prospect of
its progress and wide extension. The latest
letter from a native brother reported 200
baptisms in a week, and 2,000 candidates
for baptism. Another has reported over
3,000. If I could get $2,000 a year for
five years, I would undertake to open a
n e w Missionfield,and have 5,000 converts
in it -n'ithin five years. This movement
has the following points iu its favor: First,
the people do not ask for money, employ-
ment, or any temporary reward. They are
anxious to have their children educated,
but ask for nothing besides. Second, they
make satisfactory progress after becoming
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 213
Christians. The children of those w h o selves. W e have never given of Mission
became Christians thirty years ago have money a piece for church or school build-
grown up before our eyes. S o m e are ings in their viUages, nor a piece to sup-
ordained ministers, some are teachers in port of pastors as such. N o w churches
M g h schools, and n o w some are success- support not only pastors, but from one to
fully learning stenography and typewriting. four m e n to preach to the heathen."
Third, the low caste m e n of to-day will be
the leaders of society before the close Africa.—Rev. Isaac Shimmin, a Wes-
of the next century. The social stain is leyan missionary in Mashonaland, in a re-
rapidly removed after they beoome Chris- cent address in England, speaks of the
tians. Fourth, from a missionary point of years of oppression from which the Masho-
view, the value of the work is enhanced nas have suffered at the hands of the
by the fact that workers are raised upon Matabele, and that they have been des-
the field. Daring the past five years I poiled of their children and wives, aud
have ordained 200 men, while not less than looked upon as dogs. Mr. Shimmin, on
100 workers of lower grade are thrust out seeing no children among the huts which
every year. W e have n o w a total of nearly he was visiting, asked, " W h e r e are the
1,000 native preachers, and including children ? " The answer came, " They are
teachers, Bible readers and other helpers, all gone. A year or two ago the Matabele
we have a total working force of 2,400 m e n came and took them away from us before
and women." w e could save them." Mr. Shimmin speaks
At the same meeting. Rev. M . C. Mason, of the Mashonas, w h o are closely allied to
of Assam, said, after describing a council the natives among w h o m our East Central
of Hindoo villages, the result of which was African Mission is conducted, as very suc-
a .general call for Christian instruction: cessful mechanics. They have a Sabbath
"God has most manifestly called to that of their own, occurring on the ninth day
field by going before and preparing the from the n e w moon. Their only form of
way. This is illustrated by a story of the religion was a species of witchcraft, and
first convert, who, when a boy, prayed to they are very tricky and depraved. But a
the unknown Spirit for enlightenment, and better d'ay will come to them n o w that the
whose prayer was answered, and he was Matabele power is overthrown and mission-
permitted to be a leading agent in bringing ary work has been begun among them.
nearly 3,000 of his people to Christ. G o d Pondoland, which lies between Natal
is willing to use the most feeble means. and Cape Colony, has just been annexed
This is illustrated by the story of an igno- to the British posses.sions ; and recently a
rant boy w h o was used largely to plant missionary of the Scotch Free Church has
and build a strong working church of undertaken to establish a station at the
about 400 members, which in the last year kraal of the king. This missionary reports
.has gathered over 100 converts to Christ. that on riding up to his majesty he found
These churches are self-supporting. W e him Ij ing down, with his great m e n around
have urged that anywhere ten m e n m a y him. H e was dressed in a shirt and a few
support the eleventh as they live them- bracelets and his crown. The latter was a
214 Monographs.

singular composition, made up by stitching A m a h in our house has also given proof of
together a large number of papers of shirt faith. S o m e or all of these will be baptized
buttons. The tribe is ignorant, and in soon. There are other applicants, some ot
many ways degraded, yet the king gave his w h o m were not sincere. They are all re-
consent to the establishment of a Mission quired to wait until they give full proof of
station, and the Gospel, which is the only sincerity, knowledge and some degree of
sure remedy for their wickedness and piety. Most of them have been put on a
woes, will soon be preached among them. course of instruction. The W o r d is spread-
— The Missionary Herald. ing out into various quarters. There are
no great numbers, but some very interest-
Korea.—Some Koreans in Fusan are at ing inquirers. Those w h o believe are the
last turning to God, their Saviour. In better ones among the people. Their char-
April I baptized three—one m a n and two acter will not do discredit at least to the
w o m e n — t h e first Koreans in Fusan w h o new religion.
have been baptized. Their names were W e are n o w in the midst of a most severe
reported by the ladies of the Australian rainy season. Not a roof in Fusan is
society, and, in the absence of a minister thoroughly proof against it. It is now
of their churoh, I was asked to baptize Tuesday. It has scarcely ceased to pour
these. M y teacher has also asked for bap- since last Thursday. W e are all prisoners
tism, both for himself and family. M y to the climate.—Rev. W . M . Baird, in
helper's wife and son desire baptism. The Assembly Herald.

M O N O G R A P H S .

DR. METHENY AT HOME.
It is just nine days since the Doctor got
home—four months to a day from the date
of his leaving home. A U went smoothly
on his return until he was nearly home.
H e made connection with the French
steamer at MarseiUes, which was due here
August 2d. W h e n it reached Samos they
heard that Mersine was in quarantine, and
had then to plan what way they could get
home.
There were 66 passengers for Mersine,
among them a m a n in the employ of the
Mersine, Tarsus and Adana RaUroad, and
the son of the French Consul, returnino-
from school in Paris. W e did not know
of the quarantine till the day the steamer
was due here. Even then the agents held
out the hope that she would come and land
her passengers.
Mr. Dodds and our two children who
had gone to town to meet the Doctor wait-
ed tUl the evening of the 3d, and then
came h o m e disappointed. That same
evening w e heard that others here had re-
ceived telegrams saying that the steamer
had gone to Alexandretta and landed her
Mersine passengers there. W e were the
more uneasy when the time passed on
from Friday till Monday, and we got no
telegram from the Doctor, as he had tele-
graphed from several points along the way
 Monographs. 215
—the last being Smyrna. W e felt sure baker to let us know where he was, but
that if he was well he would telegraph. they had not written the name right. It
Mr. Dodds spent an hour in the tele- was not delivered and it was found stUl in
graph office one evening trying to send a the office afterwards.
message, but the operator was drunk and O n Monday,findinga steamer in port he
he had to give it up. The next morning found the captain willing to take him to
he sent messages te Daoud Saade in Cy- Karadash and let him down there; but in
prus and to Mr. Walker in Alexandretta, order to come the rest of the way he must
inquiring about the Doctor. A n answer have his o w n boat. H e bought one and
came from Daoud the next day. Such are hired a m a n to row it. Then he took out
the beauties of telegraphing in Turkey. O n his clearance papers, which were necessary
Saturday we sent a horse d o w n to wait till in order to get a clear bill of health on
he should come, and on M o n d a y p. m. Mr. landing. H e and his boat were then taken
Dodds went down. At 8:30 Tuesday on board the steamer. In the meantime
morning he and Doctor both came. the captain had agreed for a greater sum
Just before coming to Cyprus a Moslem to take him on down opposite Mersine and
woman had died of heart failure and was let him down away out at sea. They left
buried in the sea. Doctor had intended Alexandretta at 1.30 p. m. Monday, and be-
to land at Cyprus and come over in the tween 9 and 10 came to anchor. Doctor's
first boat he could get whether steam or boat was let down and he got in, but his
sail. But the authorities at Larnaca on m a n refused to get in. Doctor had calcu-
account of the death on board allowed no lated that the wind would be from the
one to land but the passengers for that land and keep down the sea as is usual at
port. Doctor having the fear of the this time of year, but it so fell out the wind
Alexandretta Custom House before his was from the sea, and the waves were very
eyes got through M . Daoud a permit from high. It was not without danger that they
the authorities for his baggage to go cleared the steps of the steamer, the m a n
ashore to the Larnaca C. H., and be there having been persuaded to get in. H e
in Pransit tUl an opportunity occurred of rowed and Doctor steered. Doctor's plan
sending it. was to row to the lighters lying in the
As we had heard, the Mersine passen- roadstead, tie his boat to one of them, get
gers landed in Alexandretta. Doctor at in the lighter, and sleep till morning,
first thought of coming overland and put- then hand in his papers. After two hours'
ting in quarantine near Adana. A n attack toiling they came to the lighters, but by
of fever changed his mind about that; he this time the waves were so high, and they
did not like the prospect of falling into the were so wet that they thought the safest
hands of quarantine doctors. The rest of plan was to beach the boat. Doctor did
the passengers started in a sailing vessel not recognize our o w n house when he saw
Sabbath evening. Doctor was afraid to it; new buUdings that had been put up had
risk such a long sail in his weak state. In changed the place. A new landing stage
the meantime thinking none of us would be had been built next to our lot, and he mis-
in town he had telegraphed to a Moslem took it for one farther down town. Seizing
216 Monographs.
a favorable m o m e n t they both jumped out
and drew the boat to shore. The water
was up to the Doctor's chin. Dripping, they
went round to the front door and knocked.
The watchman came running to see what
was the matter. W h e n he saw the Doc-
tor he welcomed him very effusively. B y
this time the doorkeeper and his daughter
and Mr. Dodds were aroused. It was
about midnight. After getting dry clothes
and something to eat they started for
Guzne at 3 p. m. Doctor was quite sore
and weary for several days. H e has slept
well since coming h o m e and is beginning
to get some appetite. It always takes some
little time for him to get accommodated to
the altitude here.
The party that started in the sailing
vessel only came part of the way in it, and
had to come the rest on horseback.
They got here two days after the Doctor.
I have not told you the cause of the
quarantine. There is cholera in the interior
and a cordon has been established sev-
eral days from Mersine. The Mufdi, of Mer-
sine, a religious dignitary, broke through
the cordon and came into town. Instead
of shutting him up the Mutasserrif told
him to stay in his o w n house ten days. Of
course, he paid no attention to the order.
Thus the whole business of the country
about was destroyed. I suppose as a con-
sistent Moslem he could not keep quaran-
tine. The Governor-General and all the
merchants sent a vigorous protest to Stam-
boul and asked that a government physician
be sent to verify their report—that there is
no cholera near Mersine.
Quarantine was lifted several days ao-o,
but reports say that Beyrout and Alexan-
dria will not receive vessels from Mersine,
so that it is virtually in force yet. Our
mails are all irregular, and our goods Ke
yet in Larnaca and Alexandria.
MaryE. Metheny.
LEAVES FROM MRS. PATON'S JOUR-
NAL.
Mrs. M . Paton, wife of the venerable
missionary to Aniwa, made a brief visit to
the N e w Hebrides this year, especially to
see her son. Rev. F. Paton, w h o had been
appointed to the Island of Malekula, while
she was in America in 1892. The Leaves
from her Journal that the Sabbath School
and Missionary Record is publishing will
be quite as interesting to readers in the
United States as to the Federated
Churches of Australia:
Before leaving Sydney for the N e w Heb-
rides I had a nice visit to the South Sea
Island H o m e with Mrs. Macdonald, who
gives so m u c h of her time to the welfare
of the " B o y s " w h o frequent it. Each
" B o y " pays a small s u m weekly, and when
any of them are sick or in need of rest
they are boarded cheaply, one of the most
capable and Christian of their number
being appointed caretaker. They have got
the h o m e decently furnished bit by bit,
the latest additions being a book-case and
small mirror over the sitting-room mantel-
piece. They flocked with great interest to
see their n e w possessions, and Charlie
Lean (tbey call him " Charlie Fat," he is so
stout), the caretaker, said, with a twinkle
in his black eyes as he stood by the mirror:
" All you black fellow look in here and you
see plenty monkey." O n e of those black
apostles was earnestly trying to show his
brothers h o w Christ could change their
whole lives and said, " O h , do give your
black hearts to Jesus and H e make you
new. H e make you such good looking fel-
 Monographs.
lows!" I so missed dear Robbie's wel-
come (Mrs. Macdonald's black gardener)
this time. H e died some months ago tes-
tifying for his Saviour to the end. H e was
a native of Malo (New Hebrides) and re-
joiced greatly over Mr, Landell's transla-
tion of the Gospel of Mark. H e was
speaking of it to Mrs. Macdonald one day,
and in his eagerness sat up in bed, his
thin dying face and large eyes lit up with
earnestness as he said : " Oh, I pray Jesus
make it one beeg lighthouse to show all
people Malo the road to H i m ' '
W e were sent off from Sydney with a
hearty Godspeed from a crowd of Chris-
tian friends w h o came on board the steam-
ship "Balmain" to say good-by, and as
we steamed out of harbor I could hardly
realize that we were actually going all the
way to the N e w Hebrides in a steamei—
that we would reach Aneiteum in seven
days instead of the usual three weeks by
the old "Dayspring."
It did not seem a bit as if I were travel-
ing alone, the missionaries all being so
kind and suoh old friends. Captain Calder
was so kind to us. > H e had the smoke-
room done up as a ladies' sanctum, where
we could have afternoon tea out of his o w n
rare egg-shell china, and then w e had a
nice tent rigged up over the main hatch,
with a breeze blowing right through, which
we nicknamed " Coolgardie," and patron-
ized very freely. W e had prayers and Sun-
day services on deck.
The little inter-island steamer " Croy-
don" was lying in harbor w h e n w e entered
Anelgauhat. Our excitement was intense.
At last the Mission boat rounded the stern
of our vessel—two or three missionaries in
her, but I only saw one, heard his old
familiar salutation, and in three bounds
217
Fred was at m y side and m y heart was at
rest. H e was extremely pale for a minute,
from excitement, otherwise looking splen-
didly well and as full of energy and spirit as
ever. A s w e were being rowed ashore the
news was being broken to m e of dear Mrs.
Watt's death, which took place at Port
Resolution only four days previous. Such a
stunning blow to us all and to the Mission !
It was very delightful for the mission-
aries all to be together at their Synod
meeting, but the time was very, very short,
and the work hard and continuous. Mr.
Annand, w h o conducted morning prayers
ere w e parted, gave out the sixty-thii*d
paraphrase, and as the rich voices blended
it was almost too thrilUng.
Fred had to bring one of his patients to
Synod with h i m — a m a n w h o had his right
hand blown off with dynamite. H e was
afraid the m a n would sink atfirst,but the
cure has been so far successful. Dr. L a m b
sawed off a bit more of the bone at Anei-
teum, and now Tamal is strong and bright,
and comes regularly to Fred for the dress-
ing. W e had a charming half-hour at dear
old Aniwa, where w e left Mr. and Mrs.
Gray for their annual visit there. Tiie na-
tives were overjoyed to see us, and it was
Fred'sfirstvisit to his birthplace since he
had left it a little boy of five. They are
all so vexed at his being appointed to
Malekula, and plead right eloquently to
have him stay with them. They declared
the Malekulans could not love him as they
did, for he was born on their soil, their
first white chief, and they had the best
right to him. W e tried to pacify them by
telling them that they were so good they
didn't require a missionary, but they
promptly offered to turn reprobates on the
spot if that would induce him to stay !
218 Monogropns.

Our Mission party dwindled down by carried over. " U p o n thefirstday of the
degrees as w e steamed to the North, and week, let every one of you lay by him in
w e were not sorry to leave tbe little " Croy-store as G o d bath prospered him " (1 Cor.
don," though Captain Reid had been very xvi. 2). Here is consecrated giving—h,^^-
kind, when our turn came. ing by in store—a certain sum set apart,
Fred had told his cook to prepare din- and m a d e sacred to God's use, and whieh
ner when he heard the " Croydon's " whis- thereafter one should no more think of
tle, so w e had not long to wait for it. A s using for himself than he would think of
the boat pushed off, the usual hearty taking the same sum from his neighbor's
cheers were given and received, and Fred pocket. A n d here is proportionate giving
and I were left alone at last. — " a s G o d hath prospered him.'' Ought
the proportion to be any less under the
GOD'S TENTH. gospel than under the law? Surely not,
In touching the question of giving, w e when w e remember that we have as our
touch tbe most vital point pertaining to example One w h o "though H e was rich,
the consecration and spiritual power of the yet for our sakes became poor, that we,
Church. In saying this, w e speak from through His poverty, might be rich; " and
experience, as we certainly speak accord- that w e have the precept of this Exemplar,
ing to Scripture. " Bring ye all the tithes which no ingenuity can explain away—
into the storehouse, . and prove " Whosoever he be of you that forsaketh
n o w herewith, saith the Lord of hosts, if I not all that he hath cannot be M y disciple.''
will not open the windows of heaven, and In the light of such high standards, who
pour you out a blessing that there shall can say that at least w e ought not to give
not be room enough to receive it." Here, one-tenth of our income to the Lord ?
plainly, the giving of tithes is made the If any Christian w h o has never tried it
condition of an abundant outpouring of will make the experiment, conscientiously
the Spirit. Prayer, testimony, effort, self- foUowing it through to the end in prosper-
denial—how often do we hear these duties ity and in adversity, w e predict for him
mentioned as summing up and fulfilling two surprises. First, he will be astonished
the requirement of tithes ! But " tithes " at the increased amount which he is en-
means money or other property of equiv- abled by this method to give to the Lord;
alent value; and the effusion of God's and, secondly, he will be astonished at the
Spirit is here made contingent upon bring- increased spiritual and temporal prosperity
ing in these tithes, and paying up these which the Lord will give to him. For ob-
dues to God. serve that here is an instance where the
A tenth of his income was required of Lord actuaUy makes a challenge to His
the Jew, to be set apart and sacredly de- people, and sets up a test case, saying,
voted to God's treasury. And this was ''Prove M e n o w " Taking this Scripture
thefirsttenth, and not the last tenth—the in connection with others, we find that
first fruits, not the dregs and leavings. there are two points to be demonstrated.
A n d whUe the amount is not specified in 1. That faithful and proportionate giving
the N e w Testament, the same principle is wUl be rewarded with superabundant spir-
 Monographs. 219

itual blessing. T h e statement does not re- was remarkable for her liberality to benev-
quire proof, since experience has stamped olent objects. But a sad change came
it already as an axiom. Other things being into her by an unexpected legacy which
equal, that Christian w h o opens the broad- m a d e her wealthy, and then her contribu-
est outlet for charity, will find the widest tions began to fall below the amount of
inlet for the Spirit. The health of a h u m a n her giving when she was poor. Once she
body depends upon its exhalations as well volunteered: n o w she only gives when im-
as upon its inhalations. It is reported portuned, and then it is as if the fountains
that a boy w h o was to personate a shining of gratitude had dried up. Once when
cherub in a play, on being covered over asked by her pastor to help a cause dear to
with a coating of gold-leaf, which entirely her heart in her comparative poverty, and
closed the pores of the skin, died in con- to which she gave five dollars then, n o w
sequence, before relief could be afforded. she proffers twenty-five cents. Her pastor
Woe to the Christian w h o gets so gold- called her attention to the surprising and
leafed over with his wealth, that the pores ominous change. 'Ah!' she said, 'when
of his sympathy are shut, and the out- day by day I looked to G o d for m y bread,
goings of his charity restrained! H e is I had enough to spare : now I have to
thenceforth dead spiritually, though he look to m y ample income, and I a m all the
may have a n a m e to live. time haunted with the fear of losing it and
2. That faithful and proportionate giving coming to want. I had the guinea heart
wUl be rewarded with abundant temporal when I had the shilling means: n o w I
prosperity. This is a saying hard to be have the guinea means and the shilling
received, but it has the emphatic support heart.' It is a fearful risk to heart and
of Scripture. " Honor the Lord with thy soul, to become suddenly rich. This is
substance and with the first fruits of all one of the reasons w h y G o d lets m a n y of
thine increase ; so shall thy barns be filled His best children acquire wealth so slowly,
w'lth plenty, and thy presses shall burst so that it m a y not be a snare to them, m a y
out with new wine " (Prov. iii. 9, 10). This not chill their benevolence; that, when
ia but one specimen of m a n y from the Old wealth comes, the fever of ambitious grasp-
Testament. " Give, and it shall be given ing m a y be cooled, and that benevolence
unto y o u ; good measure, pressed d o w n may overtake avarice."
and shaken together, and running over, N o w , the only way to avoid this peril is
shall men give into your bosom " (Luke vi. to cultivate two habits and let them grow
38). D o w e believe these words of our side by side—the habit of economy and
Lord, and can w e question that they refer the habit' of charity. If one's economy
to abundant temporal returns in recom- grows steadily and alone, it will tend to
pense for abundant giving ? dry up his charity ; if one's charity grows
Let us n o w throw light upon this sub- steadily, it will dry up his means, unless
ject, from a few inserted leaves from a balanced by the other virtue of economy_
pastor's pocket-book. Therefore let both grow together, then our
One says: giving will increase just in proportion to
"I knew a widow of limited means w h o our getting.
220 Monographs.
But let us introduce another illustration,
furnished from a pastor's observation :
" A parishioner, w h o was a dear friend,
read his pastor a page from life's history to
this effect: W h e n a small boy he gave his
heart to Christ. H e was engaged in a
brickyard to carry clay, often on his head,
for twenty-five cents a day. Then he
vowed that one-tenth, of his income he
would give to his God. This he conscien-
tiously did, and prosperity foUo-ived until
his income was $10,000 ; aud then the trial
of his life came, in which he went d o w n in
financial disaster. H e would not give one-
tenth of $10,000. Here his faith balked.
H e said, 'After disaster had swejjt all away,
I learned what I had not known before—
that it is easier to give one-tenth of $72
than of $10,000. A m a n is truer to G o d
w h o works for twentyfivecents a day, and
bas less temptations and more strength to
meet them, whose income is $6 a month,
than $833J.' H e regained wealth, but it
was in strict compliance with the vow of
his youth, which his disaster enabled him
to fulfill untU his dea^h."
This is an instance of negative proof:
viz., that " there is that withholdeth more
than is meet, and it tendeth to poverty."
The positive proof would no doubt fill
volumes, were it written out.
There is a Christian league in this coun-
try, banded together to promote system-
atic giving. It brings every member into
covenant to keep a strict account with the
Lord, and to render H i m one-tenth of the
income. A n annual report is m a d e by
each member, giving a statement of his
business and spiritual prosperity. The
secretary recently told us that the results
have been surprising even to the most
sanguine advocates of the tithing system:
that not only has the income of the mis-
sionary societies receiving the funds been
greatly increased, but that, out of thou-
sands entering into this league, all but two
or three have reported greatly increased
business prosperity. Are there not some
things to be proved which w e have not yet
dreamed of, either in our jihilosophy or
our mathematics ?
W e give another instance from a well-
known life. W e find the statement in
print, and believe, from what w e bave
heard, that it is substantially correct:
" M a n y years ago a lad of sixteen years
left h o m e to seek his fortune. A U his
worldly possessions were tied up in a
bundle, whieh he carried in his hand. As
he trudged along, he met an old neighbor,
the captain of a canal-boat, and the follow-
ing conversation took place, which changed
the whole current of the boy's life:
" ' Well, William, where are you going? '
" ' I don't know,' he answered ; ' father is
too poor to keep m e at h o m e any longer,
and says I must n o w make a living for
myself.'
" ' There's no trouble about that,' said
the captain. ' B e sure you start right,
and you'll get along finely.'
" WiUiam told his friend that the only
trade he knew anything about was soap
and candle making, at which he had helped
his father while at home.
" ' Well,' said the old man, ' let m e pray
with you once more, and give you a little
advice, and then I wUl let you go.'
" They both kneeled d o w n upon the tow-
path (the path along which the horses
which drew the canal-boat walked); the
dear old m a n prayed earnestly for Will-
iam, and then gave this advice: ' Some
one will soon be the leading soap maker in
 Editorial Notes. 221

New York. It can be you as well as any to that account. H e prospered; his busi-
one. I hope it may. B e a good m a n ; ness grew; his family was blessed; his
give your heart to Christ; give the Lord soaj) sold, and he grew rich faster than he
aU that belongs to H i m of every dollar you had ever hoped. H e then gave the Lord
earn; make an honest soap ; give a full two-tenths, and prospered more than ever;
pound, and I a m certain you will yet be a then he gave three tenths, then four tenths,
prosperous and rich man.' thenfivetenths.
" W h e n the boy arrived in the city, he " H e educated his family, settled all his
found it hard to get work. Lonesome, and plans for life, and gave all his income to
far from home, he remembered his mother's the Lord. H e prospered more than ever.
words and the last words of the canal- " This is the story of Mr. WUliam Col-
boat captain. H e was then led to ' seek gate, w h o has given millions of dollars to
first the kingdom of G o d and His righteous-the Lord's oause, and left a name that will
ness,' and united with the Church. H e re- never die."
membered his promise to the old captain, Perhaps in these instances m a y be found
and thefirstdollar he earned brought up the true solution of a great question : H o w
the question of the Lord's part. In the shall we get the means to give the Gospel
Bible he found that the Jews were com- to a lost world? It is no longer a ques-
manded to give one-tenth ; so he said, ' If tion of m e n to go, but of money with
the Lord will take one-tenth, I will give which to send them. A n d the money is in
that.' A n d so he did; and ten cents of the hands of Christ's professed disciples—
every dollar were sacred to the Lord. enough, and more than enough, for all de-
"Having regular employment, he soon mands. If wrong habit has so shut up
became a partner; and after a few years their hearts that they cannot be persuaded
bis partners died, and William became the to give it, let us try at least to educate the
sole owner of the business. next generation differently. A n d m a y it
"He now resolved to keep his promise not be that the best system of education
to the old captain; he m a d e an honest which can be devised is this of training
soap, gave a full pound, and instructed his Christians to set apart one-tenth of their
book-keeper to open an account with the income to the treasury of the Lord ?
Lord, and carry one tenth of all his income —Rev, A. J. Gordon, D. D.

EDITORIAL
- O n page 223 will be found the offi-
cial receipt for $692.20, a second year's
contribution by the young w o m e n of the
Church towards the salary of their mis-
sionary in Suadia. W e expected to be able
to send the Treasurer $764.95, but some
of the, contributors have failed to m a k e
the second payment on their five-year
pledge.
NOTES.
— O n the same page will be found the
Treasurer's voucher for $140 from the eld-
ers of the Church towards the support of a
foreign missionary. W e waited for nearly
nine months after the money was due
before w e paid into the treasury what was
in our hand, hoping that all the brethren
w h o so cheerfully indorsed the enterprise
at the meeting of Synod in 1893 would
222 Editorial Notes.
forward the amount of their pledge, and
that m a n y others in the eldership would
become regular contributors. A n extra
cent a day from each of the 482 elders
would entitle them to a representative in
each of the threefields,where the Reformed
Presbyterian Church is conducting mission-
ary operations. W e hope for larger results
the coming year.
—Very little progress has been made
towards the establishing of the proposed
Mission in China. A very encouraging
letter has been received from Rev. Dr.
Henry, of Canton, in which he indicates
several localities where missionary work
might be begun with good prospect of
success. M r . McBurney, of Wahoo, is
ready to go whenever a congenial associate
can be found. H e has always believed
that foreign missionary work was his spe-
cial caUing, and n o w more than ever before
he feels the weight of the call.
There should be no difficulty in secur-
ing the services of sn associate for Mr.
McBurney. W e have onfilein our office
the names of nine ministers, who, when, at
the Seminary in the winter of 1889, signed
the volunteer pledge : " W e are willing
and desirous, G o d permitting, to be for-
eign missionaries."
It is true tbat at least four of these
brethren are n o w actively engaged in pas-
toral work. But they accepted their
charges, at the very time that the Foreio-n
Board was calling for laborers. A n d w e
hope they wiU yet hear the call, and be
constrained by the love of Christ to leave
the home land and preach the Gospel in
the regions beyond.
Surely w e ought to have a Mission in
China when there is money in the treas-
ury to begiu operations, and nine minis-
ters, not only " wUling," but "desirous" to
go.
— A n ordained minister and a physician
are needed to take charge of our Mission
in Cyprus. There is no reason why there
should not be a minister there when his
salary is already provided for a term of
years, if there are nine in the h o m e church
w h o have declared themselves not only
"wilUng," but "desirous'' to go. Don't
deny yourselves, brethren, when the door
is open and thefieldinviting.
— A few weeks ago w e received from tha
Y. P. S. C. E. of First Newburgh, N. Y.,
through Miss M a r y E. Wilson, the sum of
$12.50, tbe third quarterly payment on a
pledge of $50 for the work in Syria.
— A devoted young w o m a n , a member
of Olathe (Kan.) Congregation, in renew-
ing her subscription to the Herald of
Mission News, inclosed one dollar "with the
request that 50 cents should be used to ex-
tend the circulation of the paper. If
every subscriber were to imitate this exam-
ple, our little Monthly would bave a very
wide circle of readers.
— T h e Mothers' Class in the Sabbath-
sehool connected with the Second Church
in N e w York have sent us through their
teacher, Mrs. Andrew Alexander, weekly
offerings to the cause of Christ amounting
to $19.76. This generous donation will be
put into the hands of the Treasurer for
the Suadia BuUding Fund. These kind-
hearted mothers will thus have the satis-
faction of knowing tbat they are, ih this
way, doing something for the needy chil-
dren in that part of Syria.
— T h e churches are again reminded that
money is still needed to liquidate the
debt incurred by the necessary repairs
and alterations in the buUdings at Suadia.
 Editorial Notes. 223

^-e-e^-v-e-zz, ^^S>'-^ -aio-t^n'

'•ef/i^i.•yn«•el ^ i-e^-'i^-tp-i-e-t-t^-eim- Cfi•h-oi-i^'^ <--n,

io -e--i'-fi.'i--el- «»• y •t^d.-i-t.-a-n-

•e--t,i- d•e-c-O'-n.-rf -i)'t)-->^fi-cfit4-''ft'-ei'n- •fo--z^-t^i,rfid fi-n-e- dt^fi-u^ii^ - o f - 'f'/i,-g'C4-

{^•c.dd-e.-o-'n--a.-ly2f, i^^'t-- yT^*. y-o-'Ct-i-e-, a- feft-i^-, k S ' i d i-t^-a.

0(^3.30.

•e--D-e--uu-«€^, 'O-'n •f^i-

•{••rt,-e- d-a-m-» -ti-z^f-e- •gt-'n'U •i'n-tx)--u--a.^ •e d-et-m-e

•efi.-ei-yt'^n'e'i, pHJ-^m '.'l-d- i? 9lf

-e^-e)--t-xn,-e-ci- 'yisi-t^^
(' •I-e-d'V^u^-s-ii'^'n-

i^-n- •I'-yi- ii-i.-1-^t- 'W'-e-i--c-c-^, €ri--e- du^-^^-z- •O' l^-e- \::::>V--U-'n -

%ff-m-id, •^-t-n.-u- •f^/l^-t'-i- fc^id-f -eiin-'fi-t^-ilt4-fii-

'•odd y--Rn.-H.-c^
224 Editorial Notes,

T h e H E R A L D O P M I S S I O N N E W S will he glad to receive orders for

the Missionary Picture that -was o n exhibition at Synod. This picture is
not an engraving, but a finely flnished photograph of all the Missionaries
sent out to Syria, Asia M i n o r a n d Cyprus, from the inception of the For-
eign Missionary enterprise to the e n d of 1 8 9 3 . It is of historic value, giv-
ing the likeness a u d n a m e of each Missionary, the field to Tvblch he was
originally sent or in w h i c h he is n o w laboring, a n d the date of his appoint-
m e n t , with other dates of importance in the history of the Missions; it
should have a place o n the walls of every Sabbath School R o o m in the
Church. T h e cost of this unique picture, m o u n t e d a n d ready for framing,
is only F o u r Dollars.

Arthur H . Smith's " Chinese Character- CROSS-BEARER'S

istics," which is to be published during
September by the Revell Company, will
be a work of more than temporary inter- Missionary Reading Circle.
est. The author had been a resident of
China for twenty-three years when the REV, MARCUS L. GRAY, Pres't.
work (originally letters to a local paper)
wasfirstbrought out in Shanghai a year
or two since. Only a few copies found LITERATURE FOR 1894-5.
their way to this country, and these were I. BIOGRAPHICAL.
sold mostly to libraries, but discriminating 1. Life of Bobert Morrison | .75
readers were prompt to recognize that the W m . J. Townsend.
work was, to use the words of one, " the 3. Life of Adoniram Judson 1.50
best book on the Chinese people" ever Rev. Edward Judson, D.D.
issued. This edition has been entirely re- II. PATRIOTIC.
written, the repetitions inevitable in a 3. Our Country (Revised) .60
series of letters having been carefully elim- Rev. Josiaii Strong, D.D.
inated, and the various topics arranged in in. EVANGEIilCAL.
proper order. There will be a number of 4. Foreign ^Missions After a Century 1-50
original illustrations and an exhaustive Rev, James S. Dennis, D.D.
index.
IV. PERIODICAL.
A new book by IsabeUa Bird Bishop,
5. The Jlissionary Review of the World ..
author of "Unbeaten Tracks in Japan,"
To C. M . R. C. Members 1.90
will be issued at once by the Revell Com-
Rev, Arthur T. Pierson, D.D , Editor,
pany, entitled " A m o n g the Tibetans." It
6. Membership Pee, per annum 50
contains twenty-one illustrations and gives
Send membership fee, 50 cents, to the Secre-
many hitherto unknown facts concerning
tary, Rev. Z. M. Williiims, A.M., Gallatin, Mo.,
this singular people, whose aversion to vis-
and write bim for further information. $6.35
itors is such that Tibet has been less ex-
buys ail literature for 1894-5. Send this amonnt
plored than moet parts of Central Africa.
to H E R A L D O F MISSION N E W S ,
Just now Mrs Bishop, a persistent explorer
N e w York City.
of the by-ways and waste places of the
Any one purchasing a set of these books
earth, is traveling in Korea, but her friends
through us will receive the Hehami op Mis-
hope that she has penetrated beyond the
sion N e ^ s free for one year.
scene of the present difficulties.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
November, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1894.

O U R VIEWS OF MISSION W O R K .
i CALL TO FOREIGN MISSIONARY In addition to the above internal convic-
WOEK. * tions, there m a y be external providences to
What constitutes a call to foreign mis- indicate the line of duty. T h e importance
sionary work 1 of the work, the obstacles in the way, and
First. A Divine impulse to go, in view the sacrifice involved, often give rise to a
of the condition of the heathen. desire for some further revelation of God's
Second. Confirmatory evidence of suit- will other than the subjective feeling, but
able qualifications and opportunities. ' in our day the facts do not warrant our
The Divine impulse m a y be a strong im- expectation of miraculous signs. Paul was
|ression of duty given directly by God, and called to the apostleship by a miraculous
not analyzable in consciousness; it m a y voice; but G o d called Paul to the special
be given while realizing a deep sense work of extending the offer of salvation to
of God's compassion, and vividly appre- the Gentiles. There had been express
hending the facts concerning the degrada- teaohing which had hitherto limited it to the
tion of the heathen. Jews, so that in changing the dispensation
* Meditation m a y lead to a burning desire there was need of special communication.
to go to- their rescue ; a passion for Mis- Paul w a s to proclaim the demolition of
the middle wall of partition, which con-
sions may so possess the soul that there
pan be no rest from the conviction that sisted of Divine ordinances. T o us there
is n o such barrier ; the field is the world,
fJod commands, " G o ye " into the world ;
and w e are not only free, but obligated to
if this feeling becomes stronger when in
go where the dictates of a sanctified con-
me most devotional moods, and if, while
science impel us ; and, as far as tbe plan of
niieditating upon the W o r d of G o d , it be-
salvation is concerned, w e have no doubt
somes in the heart a message of salvation
but that it embraces in its provisions all
'0 those in benighted lands, w e should at
m e n in all lands.
.toee conclude that the impulse is from
If a m a n or w o m a n to-day feels this in-
;,ibove and should be obeyed.
ternal conviction strongly, he or she should
"'^'^ Tliis paper was read at the First Oonvention accept every favoring circumstance as a
.^the Inter-Seminary Minsionarij Alliance, by F. Divine drawing, aud, instead of seeking an-
"•Neeld,oftheDreiD Theological Seminary, and other work, should gladly say, " T h y will
sreprinted in our columns because this question of
be done." If, after a careful analysis of
•'•ptional call to missionary toork evidently •needs
' J« emphasized in the Beformed Presbyierian one's o w n adaptabilities and qualifications,
Mrch to-day.
226 Our Views of Mission W o r k .
they should be found suited to a specific
work—^uch as preaching, teaching, writ-
ing, translating, organizing churches—this
would be an additional motive for immedi-
ate submission to the impression. Timid
persons have frequently doubted their o w n
suitability; in this case it is best to take
the advice of some person of good judg-
ment and godly life. The churches have
wisely appointed secretaries and agents to
assist with such advice.
In auiarticle not long since, a minister
ad'vised young m e n not to enter the minis-
try if their conscience would possibly ex-
cuse them. Is not such teaching to be con-
demned as repressive of the free course of
the Gospel? W e should not seek to stifle
conscience ; our hearts and consciences are
not tender enough. The true attitude of
the Christian is that of obedient expecta-
tion, ready to respond to the good impulse.
S o m e have cautioned against committing
the mistake of going unsent. Carefulness
with regard to the tender relations with
our Saviour is indeed becoming in us; w e
should never be heedless of our sacred re-
lation, but a conscience, sanctified and en-
lightened by the Holy Spirit, is our highest
guide to duty, and should be followed with-
out wavering. W h e n the Church assumes
the responsibility of the expense of send-
ing men, she reserves the right to exercise
her o w n sanctified judgment as to their
qualifications, and tbe final determination
should be when there is a concurrence of
the judgment of the Church with the
conscience of the individual.
In illustration of the views stated, w e
m a y cite a few passages from the experi-
ence of m e n and w o m e n w h o m G o d and
the Church have found worthy.
Mrs. Keith, a faithful missionary to
China, says: " Not that I a m at present
what I could wish, or what m a y be needed
or desirable to tbe full extent (and the
same might be affirmed of any one who pro-
poses to take up missionary work), butthe
peculiar training to which Providence has
subjected m e , as well as some natural char-
acteristics of mine, do, I firmly believe, di-
rect m e to missionary work. And I say
this after long, repeated and careful con-
sideration."
T h e sainted Judson says : " It was dar-
ing a solitary walk in the woods behind the
college, while meditating and praying on
the subject, and feeling half inclined to
give it up, that the c o m m a n d of Christ,
• G o into all the world, and preach the
Gospel to every creature,' was presented
to m y mind with such clearness and power
that I came to a full decision, and though
great diificulties appeared in m y way, I re-
solved to obey the c o m m a n d at all events."
T h e Rev. Gordon Hall, when a young
man, felt such a passion for Missions, that
when a large and attractive church 'was
offered him, declined, saying firmly: "No,
I must not settle in any parish in Chris-
tendom ; others will be left whose health
or pre-engagements require them to stay
at h o m e ; but I can sleep on the ground,
and endure hunger and hardships. God
calls m e to the heathen. W o e to m e if I
preach not the Gospel to the heathen."
That sacrificing herald of the cross, Eev.
George Boardman, felt his bosom swell
with enthusiasm for the work when he
heard of the death of the devoted Colman.
" A soldier has faUen! T o thefield!Tothe
field! " was the spirit-stirring caU 'which
sounded in his ear until he dared not dis-
obey.
Mrs. Sarah B. Judson heard the same
 Our Views of Mission Work. 227

voice from India, and her young heart day. There is but little direct opposition
throbbed to go to the rescue; and though to-day, and the drawings of the Spirit,
she was a delicate female, raised amidst together with favoring provinces, might
the refinements of an affectionate h o m e naturally carry the missionary to his duty.
circle, gave herself enthusiastically to the The strength of the direct internal im-
work. pression from G o d m a y be diminished ac-
Carey, Marshman 'and Ward's convictions cording as the indirect external providences
'were so deep-rooted that no opposition become greater.
could discourage their efforts. Missionary work -will be laid upon the
Such m e n as Nott, Newell, Mills, Rice heart of the consecrated Christian the
and Richards, when considering the matter more he learns of the need, and intelligence
of going, felt the overwhelming impor- from benighted countries to-day needs not
tance and awful solemnity of the obUgation to wait on sluggish steamers or tedious
upon them, so that they could not remain railroads. B y thefiresidesof our comfort-
at home. able homes w e m a y read of sufferings afar
W h a t are w e to learn from these experi- off, even before the morning sun, which
ences 1 looked upon those sufferings, arises on the
First. Their call consisted in a feeling of horizon of our Gospel-enlightened land.
solemn obligation to go personaUy to the In a m o m e n t w e m a y glance at the tele-
needy fields. graphic reports, and if w e have the mind
Second. That they formed their resolu- that was in Christ w e at once feel prompted
tion to go independent of the church aid to relieve their needs by going or sending.
if need be. Are not these reports Divine calls ? Are
Third. That w o m e n of refinement and they not Macedonian cries coming up from
culture are called to this work to-day as , m a n y lands % L o u d and bitter wails are
much as in the days of Priscilla and Phebe. heard about us every day; w e cannot afford
These experiences are from m e n and to stifle conscience or steel our hearts.
women w h o wrought at the beginning of The telegraphic instrument m a y lose its
the modern awakening on Missions; the sensitiveness to the electric flash; the
aspect of the world has been changed, and paper m a y fail to receive the impress of
with it a change has come over the Church. calls for help, but our hearts should never
The EvangeUcal Church of to day, in be so dead as to cease responding to the
England and America, feels called to foreign electric thrill of God's voice in us, nor so
flelds; a weight of responsibility is felt insensitive as not to receive the impres-
resting upon her conscience ; she realizes sions of the Holy Spirit. " If thou for-
that the river of salvation, carrying life to bear to deliver them that are drawn unto
all, has its fountain in Zion, and that upon death, and those that are ready to be slain;
her rests the duty of keeping clear the if thou sayest, Behold w e knew it not ;
channels leading from thence to the ends doth not he that pondereth the heart con-
of the earth. sider it ? and he that keepeth thy soul,
This changed feeling greatly modifies the doth not he k n o w it? and shall not he render
experience of those called to thefield-to- to every m a n according to his works ? "
228 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
ITEMS OF MISSIONARY
ABROAD.
MEfisnTB, Asia Minob.—Miss E. M .
Sterrett arrived at Mersine on Sabbath, 16th
of September, weary with her long journey,
but in other respects well. After a brief
visit to Guzne, where she remained only
one day, she began to prepare for school
work. H e r associate. Miss Jennie B.
Dodds, was expected to return from
Suadia on the 25th of September, and the
schools are once more in active operation
with good prospects of a successful year.
Cypkus.—Rev. Mr. Dodds, of the Mer-
sine Mission, intends to visit the Island
this Eall, remaining there for a month or
two, that he may, as carefuUy as possible,
look over the whole field. Under his
direction our licentiate, M . Daoud Saade,
wUl travel for a time, visiting the villages
and preaching wherever he can find an
audience.
Latakia, Sybia.—The following para-
graph from Eev. James S. Stewart states
briefly, yet very clearly, the present out-
look for missionary work in this field:
W e have great reason to thank G o d
that H e has enabled us to improve and
enlarge our premises, and to enter
upon the occupancy of a n e w and expen-
sive building as a missionary dweUing and
boarding school. At other points it is im-
possible to get permission to make
necessary repairs to Mission buildings,
but while w e have been annoyed a great
deal, w e have not been hindered. Our
mountain schools are stUl closed, and there
seems to be no present prospect of re-
opening them, but we are enabled stiU to
INTELLIGENCE.
visit the villages and preach to them the
Gospel. There is m u c h more freedom
from fear amongst the people than formerly,
and rather more interest manifested in
hearing the word of God. It seems that
in our district the change has already set
in for the better. O h , for more faith to
attempt great things for God, and to realize
that capacity and opportunity are really to
be looked upon as a call to effort and a
promise of success !
Egypt.—The Rev. A. Watson, D. D., of
Cairo, writes to the Star in the East as
foUows:
Early in Eebruary this year the Presby-
tery of Egypt met in Nakhaleh, which is a
small town about fifteen miles south of
Assiout. T h e members numbered forty, of
w h o m fifteen were native pastors, twelve
native elders, and the rest were American
missiou'aries. T h e native members, whether
pastors or elders, have the same rights in
Presbytery as the foreign missionaries,
and up to the present time have proved
themselves worthy of them. The meetings
continued for six days and evenings, at
which a great variety of business was
transacted, some ecclesiastical, some finan-
cial, aud some educational, the evenings
being spent for the most part in conference
and prayer. A s m u c h unanimity was mani-
fested as is generally found in sueh meet-
ings at home, and happily no questions
were decided on the lines of nationality.
A U seemed pleased with the results of the
sessions. Four young m e n w h o had
finished the prescribed course of study in
theology, were Ucensed, and two caUs from
congregations were presented to native
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 229

workers under the care of Presbytery. I H e saved them, but they are growing in
could not help recall the time when the knowledge, infirmness,and in devotion to
Presbyteryfirstmet in Nakhaleh in 1871 Jesus Christ. The heathen cursed them
with only three members present, and in the name of their gods, took away their
ordained and installed the pastor, w h o still
wives, and deprived them of their plan-
retains his charge, though he has become tations. These eight were chiefs of the
entirely blind. Then there was only one highest rank, yet they have given up all
native minister ordained; n o w there are for Christ. They have been degraded in
sixteen, while three have finished their their tribes, and every indignity by which
work on earth, and joined the general it was possible to insult them has been
assembly above. Then there were only heaped ujDon them, yet they remain calm
seventeen organized congregations; n o w and unmoved. One of them, w h o embraced
there are thirty-two, Then there were 494 the Gospel lately, got a little money to-
church members in all the valley; n o w gether in the colonies, and when about to
there are about 4,000. Then there were return to the island with the missionary,
seventy-five members in the Nakhaleh said, "I want something to take back with
Church; n o w there are over 200. Then me." The missionary wondered and asked
there were about 700 Sabbath-school what it might be. " Wait till w e get to
scholars; n o w there are over 5,500. These,Sydney." W h e n they reached there the
and other facts andfigures,make us thank- missionary said, "Well, what is it you
ful for the Lord's blessing in the past, andwant ?" "A good big box of American
encourage us for the future. W e are kerosene and a good lamp in which to burn
grateful, too, to the Bible Lands Missions' it." W h e n asked why he wanted it, he
Aid Society for its help, and hope you will said, "Many of the young people on m y
remember us still, and bid us Godspeed. island say they are frightened because of
the persecution w e have gone through, so
New Hebeides.— Quarterly Jottings re- they are afraid to come by day to hear
ports the substance of an address that Dr. about Jesus, but if I can get a good lamp
John G. Paton delivered at Mildmay Con- I can gather them together while their ene-
ference Hall, London, on the eve of his mies are sleeping, and thus I can work for
departure from Britain. W e clip the fol- Jesus, in teaching them to know and love
lowing paragraphs from this address: His holy name." Dear young friend, what
Eight young chiefs on the Island of Malo are you doing for Jesus in comparison
embraced the Gospel there under the with that ?
teaching of the missionary. They are be- W e have n o w 15,000 worshipers of
ing prepared to be teachers and preach- G o d on that group, who have n o w the Holy
ers of the Gospel among their o w n people. Bible in their o w n tongue. W e have no
They have suffered much persecution, but doubts there about its complete Inspira-
they have a loving Saviour with them, and tion, and I say to the young m e n and
the everlasting arms are around them. young w o m e n of London let no man, no
God has saved the whole eight, according- matter h o w great his learning or his natu-
to our last information, and not only has ral powers may be, shake the faith of any
230 Items of Missionary InteUigence.
soul of you in the inspiration of that holy
book. It is God's chart, our infaUible
guide. All else m a y fail, but the Bible
never has faUed, and w e shaU be judged
by it in the great day of account. W e have
n o w the Bible translated, printed and read
in sixteen of the n e w languages on that
group. The natives have paid for it all
themselves. Ten shillings has to be paid
for every leaf of the Bible w e print in any
of those languages, yet the poor natives
begin to work from the time they are con-
verted in order to get, by-and-by,a complete
Bible, God's Holy W o r d in their o w n lan-
guage.
W e have n o w 200 of those very canni-
bals trained up as teachers and preachers
of the Gospel, among w h o m are three sons
of the murderer of Gordon.
I leave to-morrow morning by the
"Oruba," and, after being a short time in
Australia, shall return to Aniwa, the island
where G o d enabled m e to live until I saw
every native on that island an avowed wor-
shiper of the true God. I have been away
four years since m y last visit. The best
proof of native sincerity is that our mis-
sionaries write me, there has been no fall-
ing away since m y departure, but the peo-
ple themselves carry on the work with
good results. I intend to stay for a while
in Aniwa, then, if I cannot get a mission-
ury for the 6,000 people on the west side
of Tanna, I a m intending, with a few con-
verts from Aniwa, to go amongst the 6,000
cannibals, and, if possible, lay the founda-
tions of God's work there, so that ere long
I trust they may have, at least, a knowledge
of Christ, and be able to look to H i m for
salvation. If w e cannot get young m e n to
go with us among the heathen w e must do
what w e can. B y your prayers, your sym-
pathy and your belp, I trust the day is not
far distant when every island of the N e w
Hebrides shall have at least one worker to
direct its inhabitants to Jesus and his sal-
vation.
ArEioA.—The sixty-ninth report of the
Societe des Missions Euangeligues tells of
Mission work in these fields. Its primary
and principal Missionfieldis amongst the
Lessoutos of South Africa, where there is
a native church, numbering 8,907 commu-
nicants, grouped around 11 principal sta-
tions, at which 24 European agents are
laboring. There is also in Africa the Zam-
besi Mission, at the head of which is the
well-known M . Coillard, with four other
European agents at his side. The work
in this field has passed thorough some se-
vere crises during the past year, but the
dark clouds have broken, and the prospects
are correspondingly brighter. O n the
Congo the Society has within the last two
years taken over two stations from the
Presbyterian Church of America (North)
and supports four agents there. Another
little band of five missionaries is at work
in Senegal.
MoEAViAN Missions.—During the past
year the Missionary Society of the Unity
of Brethren has obtained from the King of
Saxony a charter of incorporation. Its
world-'svide work is carried on in 21 "prov-
inces," ha'ving 122 principal stations, staffed
by 213 brethren and 184 sisters in all, five
more than last year. During the past year
four missionaries have died, and 33 have
been called to ser-vice. The total number
of communicants in the Missionfieldis
32,288, and the total Christian community
under the care of the missionaries is 93,-
246, being 1,402 more than in last year.
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
AT H O M E .
The "Mission op the Covenant to
Israel '' is progressing as fast as can be
reasonably expected. T h e young people
of the three Covenanter congregations of
this city are doing good work. About
forty have offered their services, nearly
two-thirds of the number belonging to this
church. Our missionary, Mr. Greenberg,
and his wife, are faithfully conducting the
meetings at all the appointed hours. S o m e
of the services are attended by a good
number of Israelites. T h e Sabbath-
school is assuming an important place in
the work, from thirty to fifty being in
attendance. The dispensary has been es-
tablished, Drs. A. Caldwell, S. Badeer and
S. A. S. Metheny, having kindly consented
to give their services to this department
of the Mission.— l'he Visitor.
Southern Highlands.—In the November
number of the American Missionary,
Secretary C. J. Ryder writes of Christian
Endeavor among the Southern Highland-
ers :
During the past year very m u c h
interest has been developed in our M o u n -
tain work along the lines of the Christian
Endeavor jnovement. T h e general mis-
sionary for the mountains had organized a
large number of Endeavor Societies, and
his work has been enthusiastically received
and very successful. T h e Endeavor move-
ment, both in its essential principles and
in its methods, exactly meets the needs of
pioneer work a m o n g these interesting
mountain people. T h e fundamental prin-
ciple is that of Christian activity, and not
simply Christian enjoyment. T h e methods,
in the complete list of officers and the
appointments of different committees whose
231
business it is to project the work along
various lines, tend to make permanent the
work which is inaugurated at different
centers.
Nor is the Junior Endeavor wanting in
this great mountain field. In a recent
letter coming from one of our faithful
missionary teachers in the very heart of
this mountain region w e have the follow-
ing interesting picture of the Junior En-
deavor work :
" I wish you could have attended our
beautiful Junior meeting. W e reported
work done ' for Jesus ' through the sum-
mer, and m y eyes,filledwith tears at the
simple, earnest words, h o w they had been
patient and loving, 'toted' wood, water
and washing, etc. O n e beautiful Christian
girl spoke m a n y times to tell or add to
the words of others, ' Yes, Clarence and
Annie did their work so willingly.' ' R o y
was the patientest boy when sick.' Delia
had had little Junior meetings at home,
and then the work she had done, ' I
talked with father aud mother about
being Christians, I tried to help all I could
in the Junior meetings. I prayed and
read m y Bible every day.'''
" W e see great advancement, because of
the earnest summer work done by the
friends here. It is such a joy to be back
at work, and to be welcomed by the loving
children. I a m quite an ' old settler' now."
Steeling, Kan.—Resolutions adopted by
L. M . S., of Sterling, Kansas:
Whereas, Miss Mary F. Benn, a most
useful and worthy member of this society,
a secretary for a number of years and the
founder and leader of our Mission Band,
has removed from our bounds to another
part of the Church,
232 Monographs.

W e therefore desire to express our heart- saintly in its proportions, and surpassingly
felt appreciation of her services, her untir- spiritual in its attainments. P r o m her
ing devotion, her self-sacrificing spirit, her singular patience and resignation in
whole-souled consecration to her and our suffering and her heroic courage in death,
Lord and Redeemer, and the inestimable w e take n e w inspiration to achieve the
value of her labors among us, and our highest possibilities in the health and vigor
prayer, that wherever she goes, she m a y of our youth. - O n this occasion, as the
ever have the same spirit of her Lord and highest tribute to her Christ-like Ufe, we
Master, and be blessed in His service. as Christian Endeavorers consecrate our-
AVA AlLBN, selves more unselfishly to the service of
Belle Huston, H i m w h o came into the world, not to be
Committee. ministered unto, but to minister. W e ex-
tend to the sorrowing members of her
In Memoriam.—We, the members of family our deepest sympathy, and mourn
the Y. P. S. C. E., of the First Reformed with them for one w h o m w e have lost as
Presbyterian Congregation of Boston, in well as they. Yet w e rejoice -with them in
submitting to the sad and impressive the hope of the life which is to come,
Providence of God, in the death of Annie when there shaU be no more death,
Keep M a d a m , testify to her purity, gentle- neither sorrow, and G o d shall wipe away
ness, and uprightness of character. all tears from our eyes.
Although her life was comparatively G. A. Calderwood,
short, ending at an age when the most of us Martha A. MmraoE,
are but beginning to form our ambitions for J. D. Geaham,
the future. W e will always hold her iu Committee,
memory as one whose Ufe was complete. Boston, Mass., Sept. 30, 1894.

M O N O G R A P H S .

THE WIGTOWN MARTYRS. moss or a mountain in the west of Scotland

^ James Renwick, in one of his letters
written during "the killing time,'' thus
speaks : " N o w , Right Honorable, as to the
news here, know, that the Lord is still in-
creasing His people in number and spiritual
strength, and many a sacrifice H e is tak-
ing off their hands, for there are not many
days wherein His truths are not sealed
with blood, and that in all places, so that
I think, within a little, there shall not be a
-which shall not be flowered with martyrs."
The boy martyr was not mistaken. Ere
he sealed his testimony with his blood the
uplands of the southwest of Scotland were
"flowered withmartyrs.'' A n d to-day, in Gal-
loway, from the River K e n to the Brig of
Glenapp, every glen has its memories,
every corrie has its inheritance from the
past—memories that bring us into touch
with noble m e n and w o m e n whose deeds
 Monographs,
for God and native land can never be for-
gotten.
"Wide sweeps of purple heather
Kobe the broad upland's breast,
'Tis the imperial winding sheet
Of martyrs laid to rest."
Away in the distance you see a gray
granite pillar rear its blender head towards
heaven; n o w and again you come upon a
humbler moss-covered stone. These are
memorials of m e n and w o m e n to w h o m
truth was dearer than life, and God's glory
the supreme end of their being. It m a y
be also that your foot touches the heath-
covered grave—unmarked by, and unknown
to man, but not forgotten of G o d — o f more
than one of these slain witnesses. W h o
can tell? I never tramp over the becks
and fells of Galloway without thinking h o w
many graves are there, of which m a n
knows nothing, but of which G o d knows
everything. Oftener than w e think was
the heather dyed with martyr's blood.
There are more graves than w e dream of
among our hills and dales. So it shall be
seen when the King comes to receive His
own. Then shall be the harvest from moor
and hillside and glen.
In a recently published work, by an
author w h o is doing m u c h to revive the
old-time memories of Galloway, w e have
this picture. A grandchild asks his gray-
haired grandsire, "But w h y did the martyrs
not go to the kirk the King wanted them
to?"
"The old m a n rose, strong n o w on his
feet, thefirein his eye, his natural force
not abated. H e pointed north to where on
Auchenreoch Muir the slender shaft of the
martyrs' monument gleamed white among
the darker heather—south, to where on
Kirkconnel hillside, Grier, of Lagg, found
233
six living m e n and left six corpses—west,
towards Wigtown Bay, where the tide
drowned two of the bravest of women,
tied like dogs to a stake—^east, to the kirk-
yards of Balweary and Nether DuUarg,
where, under the trees, the martyrs of
Scotland lie thick as gowans on the lea.
Thefireof the Lord was in his eye.
" ' Dinna forget, David Oliphant,' he said,
his voice high and solemn, as in a chant,
'that these all died for Christ's cause and
covenant. They were murdered because
they worshiped G o d according to their
conscience. Remember, boy, till the day
of your death, that among these m e n were
your forebears, and forget not also w h o they
were that slew them!'
" A n d after 20 years the late scholar of
St. M a g n u s remembered."
But our chief business in this paper is
to review the martyr memories of W i g -
town, the county town of Western Gallo-
way. O n the morning of the llth of May,
1685, two w o m e n were sitting together in
the jail of that town. They were both
named Margaret. One Margaret M'Lauch-
lan, a widow, almost threescore and ten,
the other Margaret Wilson, a maiden,
scarce 18. Like c o m m o n malefactors they
had been cast into that place, their only
fault, their nonconformity and refusing to
take the wicked oath then imposed by the
oppressors of the Covenanters. Their
persecuting oppressors had lost all sense of
feeling and justice, and were n o w waging
their war of extermination even against
w o m e n and children.
A n d this bright M a y morning was the
morning on which these defenseless w o m e n
were to be led forth to meet a cruel death.
They had been tried and condemned by a
court consisting of Grier, laird of Lagg;
 234 Alonographs.
Col. David Graham, sheriff; Major Wind-
ram, Captain Strachan, and Provost Cul-
train. A n d n o w two of their judges, the
Provost and Major Windram, led them out
to execution. M a n y were the expressions
of sorrow and sympathy from those w h o
foUowed them on this melancholy journey.
Yet the two Margarets walked along as
calmly as if it was a Sabbath morn, and
they were on their way to the kirk. A n d
the younger w o m a n supported her com-
panion's failing steps—golden locks ming-
ling with the silver, both soon to wear the
martyr's crown of glory.
W h e n they reached the shore of the bay
near the mouth of the Bladenoch, a free
pai-don was offered to each of the prison-
ers on condition that they would take an
oath to abjure all connection with the
Covenant folk. But this they steadily re-
fused. So they took the elder Margaret
and bound her to a stake, set far out into
the water, so that the waves had already
risen to her knees, thinking thereby to in-
timidate her younger companion. A n d
before she was led away, the maiden em-
braced and kissed her, praying G o d to be
with her, according to His gracious prom-
ise, and adding as a parting benediction
the words, " Be thou faithful unto death
and I wUl give thee a crown of Ufe."
She was then herself tied to a stake, and
in such a way that she was compelled to
witness the death struggles of her com-
panion. But the youthful Margaret was
in no wise daunted, and sang in a clear
loud voice part of the twenty-fifth Psalm:—
"To Thee Ilift mj-soul,
Oh God, I trust in Thee.
M y God, let me not be ashamed.
Nor foes triumph o'er me."
A s she paused in her song, a woman's
voice arose with an exceeding bitter cry.
" O h Margaret, m y bonnie, bonnie Mar-
garet, gi'e in, gi'e in, m y bairnie, dinna
droon. Gi'e in, an' tak' the oath."
"Whist, mither dear," replied the gU-1,
"dinna ye kin that if w e be dead witb
Christ, w e shall also live with H i m ? If we
suffer, w e shall also reign -mth Him."
Then another cried—
" Margaret, can ye no jist say, 'God save
the King? ' "
W h a t a thrill ran through the young
martyr at the sound of that manly voice,
but after a moment's struggle with the ties
of earthly love, she answered in a low but
firm voice—
"God save him if he will, for it is his
salvation I desire."
Then they cried out, "She hath said,
'God save the King,' let her go. Major
Windram."
H e , however, was not satisfied, and
coming near he oflered her the Oath of
Abjuration, charging her instantly to swear
it, or die. Most deliberately she refused,
saying, "I wUl not; 1 a m one of Christ's
chUdren, let m e go." So she was thrust
d o w n into the water, and Scotland's maid-
en martyr went to join the soul of her who
had gone before, and "the souls of those
w h o were slain for tbe W o r d of God, and
the testimony which they held."
" 'Tis done!
And o'er the martyr's head the waters run,
The heedless soldiers hasten on their way;
And still the moon shines down with tranquil
I'ly,
Lilie some bright witness stationed iu the sky
To mark the spot where faithful martyrs lie;
For precious in Thy sight, O Saviour God,
Is Tliy saints' death, and hallowed is the lea,
 Monographs. 235

Nor hallowed less the waves — the rushing

stream— Let earth and stone stii.l witness beare
Where rests the body Thou shalt yet redeem Their ltes a virgine Martyr here
fe^c
From its corruption." Murthuk'd for owning Christ supreme
K S n'"3E Head or his Chhrch and no more chime
Of the deed W o d r o w says that " history
3 d Ss n But'NOT ABJURING Presbttart,
scarce affords a parallel to this in all its ScB ^ .N H
And her not owning Prelacy
circumstances ; " and the younger M'Crie They her oonde.mn'd by unjust law
declares that "every feeling of humanity a t. i2i Oe heaven nor hell they stood in aw
rises u p to execrate an administration B a £ t3 Within the sea ty'd wa stake
which could have recourse to such gratui- M P B o She suffered for Christ Jesus sake
Wpcsq Theboy,
actorsbending
of the cruel
tous cruelties in support of its authority." A little overcrime
this grave-
stone, Was
and Lagg, S^traohan,
pointing to the Winram,legible
scarcely and Grams
in-
A n d as if ashamed of the deed, there have
scription, Neither
said, young
with ayears, nor
child-like yet old age in
reverence
not been wanting s o m e to deny and others Could" stop
his features, L o o the
k ! fury
she wofa stheth
butrage.
a lassie,
to extenuate it. Prominent in this direc-
yet she dei't for the Covenant." Quite near
tion was the effort of M a r k Napier, sheriff to the young sufferer's memorial stone is
of Dumfriesshire and Galloway, when, in that erected to her aged companion. It is
1866, he published a pamphlet on the a small upright one, with carved top and
subject, in which he sought to discredit volutes at the corners — one being n o w
Wodrow's statements, and show that the broken. Along the carved top the words
M b M e n t o M o e i are cut, and on the face of
executions never really took place. T h e the stone is the inscription :
appearance of this pamphlet gave rise to a
lively controversy in which eminent Here lies "Margaret Luchlane
authorities brought forth such an amount Who was by unjust law sentenced
To dye by Lagg Strachain Winrame O
of testimony in confirmation of the gen- n
And Grame, and tyed to a stake with-
erally accepted narrative, as placed its -in the flood for her <
authenticity beyond all question. A n d , in- {Continued on other side of stone.) a
deed, a hundred writers m a y try to write Adherence to Scotland's Reformation
away that sad blot on Episcopacy, but Covenants the
Lea-ving National and Solemn
martyrs' graves,League
and pro-
they cannot write it out of the book of ceeding Aged 63.to 3685.
the east side of the n e w parish
God's remembrance. church, the locality in which the w o m e n
A s to the memorials of " T h e D r o w n e d were drowned lies full in view. T h e water
W o m e n of Wigtown." In the old church- of Bladenoch, at the time of their drown-
yard of W i g t o w n there are two gravestones. ing, ran a m o r e northerly course than it does
W h e n they were erected does not appear, at present in crossing the sands of W i g t o w n
but from their style in the lettering it is Bay. A n d beyond a cattle creep on the
almost certain that they were put u p short- W i g t o w n Railway, which runs along the
ly after the Revolution. T h e largest of the foot of the brae on which the church
two stones is that erected to the m e m o r y stands, it is easy to trace the old water-
of the Maiden Martyr. It is a flat stone w o r n river bank. T h e flat appearance of
resting on four low corner pillars—"a the sand, interlaced with little ruts, filled
thruch-stane." T h e inscription on it is as with the tide long before the whole expanse
follows: is covered, enables us to see at once h o w
236 Monographs.
the older w o m a n could be placed further
in the water than the younger, and how,
from the elevated bank of the river, the
younger one could be raised ont of the
water, and put down again when she failed
to cry " G o d save the King."
W e have heard and read so m u c h about
the w o m e n drowned in Wigtown Bay that
w e forget the fact that there were m e n w h o
suffered unto death also at Wigtown, in
the same year, 1685. In the old church-
yard there is a third stone—a plain, upright
slab—inscribed as follows:
M k Mento Moei.
Here lvse William Joh"nston John
Mileoy Geoege Walkee, who was with-
-ouT Justice of Law hanged b? Majoe
WiNEAM EOE theie AdHEEENOE TO SOOT-
-land's Repoemation Covenants Nation-
-AL AND SoLAM LeaGWB
1685
These men aU belonged to the parish
Penninghame. Having been taken prison-
ers, they were brought to Wigtown, and
not answering satisfactorily the questions
put to them by Windram, particularly re-
fusing to attend the ministry of the curate,
they were, without trial, the next day taken
out and executed.
O n the highest point of the hill on which
Wigtown stands—the W i n d y Hill—there
is a lofty and graceful obelisk, -^'ith a cin-
erary urn at the top. This monument was
erected in 1858, to the memory of the two
women, and of the noble army of martyrs
in Galloway and other parts of Scotland.
Inscriptions on it tell the purpose of its
erection, and repeat the stories of the suf-
ferings and deaths already referred to.
Ten years before the completion of this
monument. Dr. WiUiam Symington, of the
Reformed Presbyterian Church, Stranraer,
afterwards of Glasgow, preached a sermon
in aid of funds for its erection, in the
course of which he m a d e the following re-
marks—remarks that aptly describe our
gatherings still at the graves of the
martyrs:
"Let not our object be mistaken. It is
not by any means to canonize the sufferers
or to imitate the Church of R o m e by
cherishing a superstitious and undue ven-
eration for departed saints. Our object is
to draw attention to the principles rather
than the persons of the martyrs. And
this w e propose to do by commemorating
their noble deeds and sufferings. W e af-
fect to tell the simple tale of their martyr-
dom, and to renew those touching memo-
rials which are fading into a state of de-
cay and obliteration by the lapse of time.
The principle upon which w e act w e regard
as distinctly recognized in the approved
of
example of saints, the statements of the
Holy Writ, and the procedui-e of God
Himself."
N o w , after all this it m a y be asked why
it was that two w o m e n were prepared, for
the crown and the glory of their Lord and
Master, to be drowned in Wigto-wn Bay
rather than say " G o d Save the King."
It was not the matter of the King's sal-
vation that was in question. Eor that they
would willingly pray. That, if the Lord
wiUed, they earnestly desired. But the
meaning of tbe expression was well known
on both sides. It was well known to the
persecuted. It was a demand on the part
of the persecutors for an acknowledgment
of the right of that usurped authority
which robbed Christ of His glory, took
away from His Church her blood-bought
liberties, andfilledthe land with the blood
 Monographs.
of His saints. Viewed thus, the martyrs
. could not accept the formula such words
conveyed. H a d they done so, they would
have been giving their sanction to all the
wickedness, and cruelty, and impiety that
flowed from the usurped authority against
which it was at once their right and duty to
protest. In this light, then, these helpless
w o m e n were bearing witness, at the cost
of their lives, to great principles unsepa-
rably connected with the glory of G o d and
the salvation of men—principles which are
yet destined to shed their blessed influence
over all the earth. " M e n shall be blessed
in H i m ! all nations shall call H i m
blessed."
(Rev.) John Maetin.
Stranraer, Scotland.
A BRIEE SKETCH OF THE L. M. S.
OF M O R N I N G SUN D U R I N G T H E
FIFTEEN TEARS O F ITS ORGAN-
IZATION.
In looking back over the way in which
the Lord has led us, I will speakfirstof
our organization, officers and membership.
After due notice had been given of the
purpose to organize a Missionary Society, a
meeting was held in the church June 27th,
1879. 'By request our pastor presided, and
a permanent organization was effected.
Officers were elected, and a committee was
appointed to draft a constitution and by-
laws.
During the time of our organization w e
have had five presidents, six vice-presi-
dents, three recording and four corre-
sponding secretaries and three treasurers.
W e were organized withfifteenmembfers,
but our number soon increased to twenty-
five. Infifteenyearsfifty-sevenactive and
two honorary members have been added to
237
the originalfifteen,making in all seventy-
three members. Eight of our number have
been called away by death and twenty-
eight names by request have been erased
from our roll. With very few exceptions
those w h o have left our Society have be-
come active members in other societies.
The amount of money raised during-
thesefifteenyears has been nearly seven-
teen hundred dollars. Of this s u m about
twenty dollars has been used in stationery
and literature, eighty-four dollars for
church repairs and about one hundred dol-
lars for H o m e Mission work. Clothing
has been provided for a number of needy
persons, and a Bible Reader has been em-
ployed in connection with the Society for
a number of years. The balance has been
given impartially to the various Missions
of the church. Fairs, festivals, etc., have
never been resorted to as a means of rais-
ing money.
Our pastor and others assisted in our
early years when w e were weak and needed
help, not only by words of encouragement
but by generous donations. Of late years,
although w e never refuse a donation, w e
have asked no aid from non-members, and
our money has been largely raised by
monthly dues and the voluntary contribu-
tions of our o w n members.
As soon as w e were fairly organized, w e
raised money and made three quilts and a
box of clothing for the Foreign Mission,
and, I think, almost every year since, w e
have sent either a box or a barrel of sup-
plies to some one of the Missions. In this
way w e have tried to lighten the burdens
of the workers in the field.
In looking back, perhaps some of us
m a y be inclined to feel discouraged be-
cause w e are not doing as m u c h active
238 Monographs.

work as in former years, but when w e re- ened patiently for about an hour to the re-
flect that our prayer meeting and Mission cital of comforting promises from the Old
Sabbath-school was providentially closed Testament, and then, deeply moved, said;
w e felt that there was not the work n o w " These are beautiful words from the Old
required of us. W e know that even n o w Testament which you repeat to me, an aged
there is m u c h quiet work being done by Jew, but I know a medicine which not only
some of our members, a,nd w e should thank supplies comfort, but heals wounds—the
G o d and take courage. W e have certainly blood of Jesus Ohrist, His Son, cleanses
many causes of thankfulness. During the us from sin." Asked to account for his
fifteen years only one of our regular meet- knowledge of the truth, the old m a n drew
ings has been omitted. The peace and har- forth from the straw on which he lay a
m o n y which has always characterized our much-used copy of the Hebrew N e w Testa-
meetings is a great cause of thankfulness. ment. T w o years before, when traveling
W e have been kept from the petty strifes with his son to Riga, he had stayed over-
and jealousies which sometimes mar the night in the hayloft of a wayside inn.
peace of similar societies. Our joining to- There he found the book, which had been
gether in prayer and praise, reading God's left by a Hebrew sojourner, and as it was
word, uniting in work, our social and lit- of use to no one, had been allowed to
erary exercises have drawn our hearts in take it with him. Through reading it his
love, I trust, to G o d and to one another. son was converted, and died in the hope of
Having glanced backward w e remember the Gospel and the whole house rejoiced in
that eight of those w h o were active m e m - the truth.
bers have been called from time to eternity,
w e realize that n o w is the only time of UNNECESSARY DESPONDENCY.
which any of us is sure. Let us go for- Missionaries should not be down-hearted
ward with renewed diligence, each doing if then- labors are not crowned by imme-
the work set before us, and m a y w e all re- diate visible success. Nothing is more re-
ceive the high encomium : she has done markable in missionary annals than the un-
what she could, and the welcome: well certainty of results. " I planted, ApoUos
done, good and faithful servant; enter thou watered, but G o d gave the increase." W e
into the joy of thy Lord. read in the biographies of missionaries how
(Miss) Maetha Canon. in some cases a harvest suddenly sprang
up and then all faded away. In other
THE STORY OF A HEBREW NBW
cases uo harvest at all appeared in the life-
TESTAMENT.
time of the laborious founder; but soon
A pastor in Kurland was one day led after his departure there has come a
to visit a Jewish family reduced by poverty change, and his successor has entered into
to the greatest straits. The father, eighty- his labors. T o few has it been conceded
two years of age, lay ill on a straw bed to do what is recorded on the tombstone
and covered with rags, while the other of a missionary in one of the islands of
members of the family were in a wretched Polynesia: " W h e n he came there were no
condition from hunger. The old m a n hst- Christians; when he left there were no
 Monographs.
heathen." After all, if the missionary has
preached the Gospel faithfuUy and intel-
Ugently, as far as he is concerned his work
is done.
There is a streak of egoism underlying
this despondency; if he recognized him-
self as only a cog-wheel in the great ma-
chine of evangelization, he would be satis-
fied that he had done his best, and no one
can do more. Public opinion is, in every
field of h u m a n life, unjust; certain m e n
and w o m e n are unduly puffed up, while the
silent laborer, faithful to the end, leaves
no name behind him. W h a t matters?
His works will follow h i m . — D r . R . N .
Gust.
A MAGICAL MIRROR.
A writer in a recent magazine told the
story of a poor seamstress who, whenever
a flower was given her, set it before her
looking-glass, and thus had two flowers
equally beautiful. " O n e is fortunate to
have the sort of temperament in which is
fitted a magic mirror,'' said this writer.
Every one haa such a mirror w h o has the
grace of gratitude. W e all know, and
have often said, that a thing is doubly
prized by us which comes from a beloved
friend. A n d so to him w h o loves God,
and w h o recognizes everything he has as a
gift from this dear Friend, all values are
doubled. The meanest acquisition has a
new worth as being given by God. All
that such a one has is like the young girl's
rose before the mirror, twice as beautiful,
twice as satisfying, because it came from
the hand of the Heavenly Father.
Some of us have very little; but that
little, with the sense of His love, has an
indescribable power to satisfy. S o m e of us
have much, and to such the love of G o d so
239
multiplies it that they feel impelled to
share largely, most largely, with those w h o
have but little. Suoh is the power of that
magical mirror gratitude that the poorest
feels rich, and the richest has a wealth be-
side which his possessions lose value ex-
cept as they can be used to honor the di-
vine I'riend in his children. " All this, and
Christ too ! " exclaimed the widow over the
bowl of boiled potatoes. " All this, and
Christ too!" T h e millionaire can say no
more.
Without this magical mirror of grati-
tude to G o d all possessions lose their
worth. The richest m a n w h o has only his
wealth feels so poor that he must strain
every nerve to increase it. H e cannot
afford to give m u c h away, for what he gives
leaves an empty place in his coffers. A n d
the poor m a n is poor indeed, with no
magical mirror to double his possessions.
There is no richer heart than his who,
over the most meagre provision, can look
up into the face of a divine Father and
gratefully exclaim, "All this, and Christ
too !''—American Messenger.
SULEYMAN.
W e have at different times mentioned
Suleyman, a boy who was for some
time in our schools in Tarsus and in
Mersine. For four years he has been
teaching at his o w n charges away d o w n in
the Jibely district, south of Latakia. H e
gets no salary; the people pay him some-
thing, but not enough to live on, but in
the summers he used to work in the cotton
and lay up for winter. H e has also some
property belonging to his father.
Last year he did not come, but early
this month he m a d e us a visit. H e has
still been going on with his school, but
240 Editorial Notes.
this summer he saw an officer coming in
the direction of his school. H e told the
children to sit still and not seem afraid,
as perhaps the officer was only passing
by. But he came in and demanded of him
what authority he had to teaoh, and w h o
sent him. H e said no one had sent him
but Christ. T h e officer then asked him
what his religion was, and he told him that
he was a Christian. "But what were you
originaUy ?" the officer asked. " I was an
Ansairie," he said. " W h a t is your name ?"
said the officer. " N o w " Suleyman said,
"I thought if I tell him m y name they will
send m e to the army, then I thought, what
of it? I wiU tell the^truth." T h e officer
then threatened to take him to the Gover-
EDITORIAL
—-At the fall meeting of the N e w York
Presbytery, in Newburgh, N . Y., Tuesday,
Oct. 30th, Rev. James Kennedy, D. D.,
of Eourth N e w York, tendered his
resignation after a successful pastorate of
twenty-four years, and after having been
actively engaged for more than half a
century in the work of the Gospel minis-
try. Dr. Kennedy said that he was acting
after mature deliberation, and offered his
resignation, not that he might be free from
ministerial work, but because he believed
that the interests of the congregation de-
manded a younger m a n to discharge the
duties of the pastorate. One of the elders,
Mr. Robert McAfee, then read a paper
which had been unanimously adopted by
the congregation a few days previous, in
which strong testimony was borne to the
nor of Jibely. "Very well," he said, " take
me." T h e man, however, contented him-
self with beating him severely and extort-
ing from him all the money he could
raise.
H e seems quite determined to go on
with the work. H e only stayed one night
and part of a day with us. Poor Suley-
man, with very little education, is serving
his o w n country and people m u c h better
than m a n y of his more enUghtened breth-
ren, w h o take whatever light they have off
to America, to better their worldly con-
dition. Yet w h o can blame anyone for try-
ing to escape this yoke ?
Maev E. Metheny.
Mersine, Asia Minor.
NOTES.
"fidelity and acceptability " with which Dr.
Kennedy had served them as pastor for so
many years. T h e commissioner also re-
ferred to the remarkable growth of the
congregation during that time from a
nucleus of a little over sixty members to
between four and five hundred, gathered
largely out of tbe world.
The following resolution was placed on
the Minutes of Presbytery :
" While w e accept the resignation of
Rev. Dr. James Kennedy, of Fourth N e w
York, w e place on record om- high
appreciation of his worth. A thoroughly
consecrated disciple of Christ, an able
minister of the N e w Testament, a tender-
hearted and watchful pastor, an efficient
evangelist and a loyal Covenanter, w e com-
m e n d him, in his retirement from active
 Editorial Notes. 241

ministerial work, to the covenant care of the Covenanted Reformation, and the law
the exalted Redeemer and Head of the of Christ fearlessly applied to the existing
Church." condition in the churches and nations. O n
W e are glad to k n o w that this beloved Friday the members of oonvention will
father in the ministry will continue to visit Edinburgh, Grayfriars, the Grass-
preach as opportunity offers. A n d our market. Martyr's Monument, the Castle,
readers m a y expect to hear him again on Holyrood, etc. A n d it is also proposed to
missionary themes through the columns of have an exhibition of memorials of Cove-
this Journal. nanting times, asCovenanters'Bibles, flags,
drums, swords, etc., originals of the Na-
—We very cheerfully put our columns at tional Covenant, and Solemn League and
the service of Dr. Kerr, of Glasgow, in the Covenant, etc. The whole movement will be
interest of the convention of Reformed unprecedented in the history of the Church
Presbyterian Churches, to be held in Scot- since the Reformation, and the Executive
land, from June 28 to July 3, 1896. The earnestly entreats every Covenanter to use
following summary is published at his every effort to secure for it the greatest
request: success. The completed programme will
The proposal to hold a convention of be ready immediately, and all members and
Covenanting Churches in Scotland in 1896, friends of the Church w h o desire specially
has been heartily approved by the Re- printed copies of it, will obtain it and the
formed Presbyterian Synods of America^ other circulars to be issued, by applying to
Ireland and Scotland. T h e objects of the the chairman of the Executive. A n illus-
gathering embrace the great Scriptural tration of Grayfriars Churchyard, Edin-
doctrines of the Scottish Reformations, and burgh, showing the Martyr's Monument,
the three churches are at present specially the old gate into the Grass-market, and
caUed and fitted to make these doctrines the Castle beyond will accompany these
more widely known, and exhibit their appli- circulars. Address, Rev. James Kerr, 19
cations to the great vital questions of the Queen Square, Glasgow.
age. The convention will extend over several W e expect to publish in successive issues
such articles on spots of martyr interest as
days. O n the last Saturday of June,the m e m -
bers will take part in the inauguration of Dr. Kerr will send to this office. One ap-
the monument to John Howie, of Loohgrin, pears this month on p. 232. These articles
who in the Scot's Worthies, and otherwise cannot fail to awaken fresh interest in the
has immortalized the memories of the Cove- principles for which our witnessing fore-
nanting heroes. O n Sabbath there will be fathers faithfully contended, principles that
special services at a large number of places lie at the very foundation of true mission-
of lasting historic interest in the Covenant-ary work.
ing struggle. O n Tuesday, Wednesday
and Thursday, there will be meetings in —Mr. J. A. Mclntyre, of Mankato, Kan.,
Glasgow at whicli papers will be read and writing us recently on business, referred
addresses delivered by ministers and in his letter to a visit that our missionary,
others on the doctrines and principles of Miss Maggie B. Edgar, had made last
 242 Editorial Notes.
month to the H o l m w o o d congregation. O n
the evening of Ootober 12th she addressed
"a full house of very attentive hearers,
m a n y of w h o m had never had the pleasure
of meeting a live missionary before. She
gave a very interesting account of the work
in Syria and of the customs of the peo|3le,
with some of the encouragements and
also some of the difficulties. I a m sure
she created an interest in missionary work
which will be of lasting beneflt to the con-
gregation, and, perhaps,financiallybene-
ficial to the Mission."
—At a special meeting of the Board of
Foreign Missions Tuesday, Ootober 23d, it
was agreed, after talking over the question
of appointing a second missionary to
China, that, in view of the disturbed condi-
tion of tbe country, the Board believe it
inexpedient to send out missionaries to
China at the present time and refer the ap-
pointing of an associate for M r . McBurney
to the Synod.
It is hardly necessary, however, to say
that as soon as there is peace in China and
m e n are ready to undertake missionary
work there, the Board will send out labor-
ers into some part of that empire. In a
letter received from Dr. B. C. Henry, of
Canton, in September, he has given us
m u c h valuable information in regard to
suitable locations. The foUowing extract
from his letter wiU enable tbe friends of
the proposed Mission to study the geo-
graphy of the places from which it is
proposed to select a special field of
labor:
"There are excellent centers for work in
the Kwang-Tung province still unoccupied.
For example, the district of H e u n g Shan,
between Canton and Macao, the district of
Tak-Hing, on the W e s t River, and the
district of Tsang-Shing to the east. Ex-
perience has shown that it m a y take some
time to get a place for residence at any
point in the interior. If you should decide
upon any of these points in the Kwang-
T u n g province, your missionaries could
live in Canton and be studying the lan-
guage, whUe negotiations were going on
for residence in the interior.
" Next, there is the province of Kwang-
Si, as yet without a missionary. It is
bound to be opened some time, but when
and by w h o m it is not easy to say. There
is one point. Lung-Chow, at the extreme
S. W . on the border of Tonquin, where
residence could be had without difficulty
or delay, but I a m not prepared to say
that it is a good center for missionary
work. I would, however, think it well to
make it a starting point from which other
and better locations eould be secured as
the province opens. This seems to m e to
be the only point where missionaries can at
present secure peaceful residence in
Kwang-Si, and in m y opinion it is well
worth trying.
"Then there is the vast pro-vinee of Yun-
nan entirely unoccupied except by a few
China inland missionaries in the provincial
city and at Ta-li-fu. Residence could be
secured at the town Mengtsn, where there
is a Custom House and a French Consul-
ate, or at the provincial capital and other
places. It is remote aud difficult of access,
but it is a large and most needy field. It
borders to the south on the Laos or Shan
country, where our Board (Northern Pres-
byterian) has had such successful work in
the past few years, I a m inclined to recom-
m e n d Yunnan as the bestfieldfor a new
Mission in South China."
 Editorial Notes. 243
— C y p r u s is still caUing for an ordained
the book is "of purpose not intended to
minister and a physician to take charge of represent the point of view of a missionary,
the work on the Island. "The harvest
but that of an observer not consciously
truly is great, but the laborers are few; prejudiced, w h o simply reports what he
pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest sees. For this reason no reference is made
that H e would send forth laborers into His to any characteristic of the Chinese as
harvest." they m a y be modified by Christianity. It
is not assumed that the Chinese need
—We learn from the October Number of Christianity at all, but, if it appears that
Quarterly Jottings, that Rev. Frank Paton, there are grave defects in their character
M. A., third son of the venerable Mission- it is a fair question h o w these defects m a y
ary to Aniwa, in the N e w Hebrides, has been be remedied." All w h o are interested in
formally in-vited to become Missionary to missionary work among the Chinese in this
the West Coast of Tanna, under the au- country and in China, should read "Chinese
spices of the John L. Paton Mission Fund. Characteristics."
A s a specimen of the author's style, take
—MiSSIONAEY Literature.—The Flem- the following sentences from the last
ing H . Revell Company, N e w York, 112 chapter: " Three mutually inconsistent
Fifth Avenue, and Chicago, 148-150 Madi- theories are held in regard to reform in
son Street, has sent us the following books: China. First, that it is unnecessary. This
" Chinese Characteristics," by Arthur H . is no doubt the view of some of the
Smith, for twenty-two years a missionary of Chinese themselves, though by no means
the American Board in China; 8vo.; pp. of all Chinese, It is also the opinion
330. Twelve full-page reproductions of adopted by certain foreigners, w h o look
original photographs. Price, $2. at China and the Chinese through the
" Reginald Heber, Scholar and Evan- mirage of distance. Second, that reform is
gelist," by Arthur Montefiore, author of impossible. This pessimistic conclusion is
" David Livingstone, His Labors and His arrived at by m a n y w h o have had too
Legacy, etc.," with illustrations from m u c h occasion to k n o w the tremendous
Bishop Heber's sketches and other draw- obstacles which any permanent and real
ings; pp. 160. Price, 75 cents. reform must encounter, before it can even
The former is an admirably written vol- be tried. T o suoh persons the thorough
ume, full of fresh and startling facts. A reformation of so vast a body as the
keen observer and life-long student of Chinese people appears to be a task as
character, the author has drawn a wonder- hopeless as the galvanizing into life of an
fully vivid and fascinating picture of the Egyptian m u m m y . T o us, the second of
Chinese people. The titles to some of the these views appears only less unreasonable
chapters are very suggestive : "Face, Dis- than thefirst;but, if what has been already
regard of Accuracy, Talent for Mis- said fails to make this evident, nothing
understanding, Absence of Nerves, In- that could be here added would be suffi-
difference to Comfort a n d Convenience.'' cient to do so."
In his introduction, Mr. Smith tells us that Then, after enumerating the "different
244 Editorial Notes.

and inharmonious replies '' tothe question CROSS-BEARER'S

bfougtlblT^llT"'^^^^^^^^^ Missionary Reading Circle.

reform China the springs of character
mustbe reached and purified, conscience REV. M A R C U S L. GRAY, Pres't,
must be practically enthroned, and no -»•—«.-
longer imprisoned in its own palace like L I T E R A T U R E F O R 1894-5,
the long line of Japanese Mikados. It is a BIOG-KAPHICAL.
truth weU stated by one of the leading ex- .^ j^.^^ ^j Kobert Morrison $ .7.5
ponents of modern philosophy, that ' there W m . J. Townsend.
is no alchemy by which to get golden 3. ^ife of Atouamjuds^^^^^^^^^ 1.50
comfort from leaden instincts.' What ^ PATPIOTIC
China needs is righteousness, and in order ^ ^^^ Country (RevisedJ' '. 60
to attain it, it is absolutely necessary that Rev. Josiah Strong, D.D.
she have a knowledge of God and a new III. E V A N G E L I C A L .
conception of man, as weU as of the re- 4. Foreign Missions After a Centurj' 1.50
, .. „ i /-I -1 Ol J Kev. James S. Dennis, D.D.
lation of m a n to God. She needs a new
,.. . • .4- -J 1 ^ • i-^ f •^ IV. P E K I O B I C A L , .
life m every individual soul, m tbe family ^ r„, -,,. • -o • r ,^ tv ^A
•' 5. The Missionary Review of tlie World ..
and in society. The manifold needs of To C. M. R. C. Members 1.90
China we find then to be a single im- Eev. Arthur T. Pierson, D.D , Editor.
perative need. It wiU be met perma- ^- Membership Fee, per annum 50
nently, completely, only by Christian civil- ge^d membership fee, 50 cents, to the Secre-
ization." tary, Eev. Z. M. Williams, A.M., Gallatin, Mo.,
„, ' , , T , . , and -write him for further information. $6.35
The last named volume is one oi a i^^yg ^n literatm'e for 189^5. Send this amount
series of missionary biographies to which to H E R A L D OF MISSION yE^\ S,
we have often called attention. They JSew lork Citj-.
deserve a wide circulation, and we cordially ^ ^ ^^^ purchasing a set of these books
T h e them
commend H E K AtoL DtheO F readers
M I S S I of
O N the
N E Wthrough
S will us hewUl glad to receive
receive orders
the Heeald for
op Mis-
thc
HeealdMissionary
op MissionPicture
News. that was on exhibition sion News free at for
Synod. This picture is
one vear.
uot an engraving, but a finely linished photograph of all the Missiouaries
sent out to Syria, Asia Minor and Cyprus, from the inception of the For-
eigu Missionary enterprise to the end of 181>3. It is of historic value, giv-
ing the likeness aud n a m e of each Missionary, the held to which he was
originally sent or in which he is n o w lahoring, and the date of his appoint-
nient, with other dates of importance in the history of the Missions; it
should have a place on the walls of every Sabhath School R o o m in the
Church. T h e cost of this unique picture, m o u n t e d and ready for framing,
is only Pour Dollars.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
December, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1894-.

O U R VIEWS OF MISSION W O R K .
THE PKOMISE AND ITS FULFILL- would be given to their Mission as it had
MENT. been given to that of their Master.
H o w was the promise "And greater
Rev. J. R. Wylie, Neiv Galilee, Pa.
works than these shall ye do" fulfilled ?
Read the following selections from the To say that Christ healed by one touching
Word of God: the hem of His garments, while Peter
John 14: 12, " Verily, verily, I say unto healed with his shadow and Paul by a dis-
you, he that believeth on Me, the works eased person touching his handkerchief;
that I do, shall he do also; and greater that Christ wrought miracles for part of
works than these shall he do, because I three years in one country, while His dis-
go unto M y Father." ciples wrought wonders for many years in
John 7: 3 ^ 39, " H e that beUeveth on different countries, is not sufficient. It
Me, as the Scripture hath said, out of his neither meets the promise, and " Greater
belly shallflowrivers of living water. But works than these shall ye do," nor the rea-
this spake H e of the Spirit, which they son assigned for these greater works, " I
that believe on Him should receive; for the go to M y I'ather." It was especially in
Holy Ghost was not yet given, because the Kingdom of Grace that God wrought
that Jesus was not yet glorified." the greater works by means of the disciples.
Acts 19 : 2, " H e said unto them. Have In one day more people were converted by
ye received the Holy Ghost since ye be- Divine grace -working through the Apos-
Ueved ? And they said unto him. W e have tles than were converted during the
not so much as heard whether there be any whole ministry of Christ. The disci-
Holy Ghost." ples had such wonderful power that they
Thefirstof these passages is found in were spoken of as men " who turned the
the farewell address of Christ to His disci- world upside down." If Christ would go
ples. Christ consoles them in view of His to the Father H e would send the Spirit.
departure by the promise of the Comforter, The Spirit was sent on the day of Pente-
whom H e would send in the Father's cost.
name, the assurance that His disciples The second passage of Scripture, Acts
'Would have free access to Him in prayer, 19 : 21, where Paul asked certain disciples,^
and the assurance that divine attestation " Have ye received the Holy Ghost since
ye believed ? '' and their answer, " W e
*Preached in 2d Ghurch, New Tm-k, October, 1894, and
have not so much as heard whether there
reqitested for publication in this Journal.
246 Our Views of Mission Work.
be any Holy Ghost," teaches that the gift
of the Holy Spirit was not confined to
the Apostles, but that it was c o m m o n to
any divinely-called Christian worker, and
that Holy Spirit's power would be equal to
the worker's necessity.
In John 7: 38 w e have a general prom-
ise " H e that believeth on M e ; " no limit.
The promise immediately follows the N e w
Testament Gospel offer made by Christ,
:recorded in these words : " In the last day,
the great day of the feast, Jesus stood and
cried. If any m a n thirst let him come unto
M e and drink." The offer and promise
are general, but no more so than the prom-
ise of the Spirit to every believer, as the
result of Christ being enthroned at the
right hand of G o d and in the hearts of His
loyal followers. U p o n any one w h o be-
lieves the Holy Ghost will so descend,
that great spiritual blessings shall be en-
joyed in his o w n soul, and also such be-
nign influences will issue forth from his
life as will gladden and refresh the lives
of all he meets.
The promise, " The works that I do, and
greater works than these shall he do," is
made to us as well as to the early disciples.
Miracles in nature are no longer necessary
te prove that Jesus is the Christ. That
fact is already established. But wonders
in grace are necessary in order that souls
m a y be brought to Christ, and necessary
for the maintenance and the development of
the Church of Christ, and suoh miracles are
being wrought in the world every day.
The Holy Ghost has been given, His
power is manifest to the world .
" At a meeting of the American Board in
1879, the late President Seelye moved the
foUowing : ' Never before .has the Gospel
wrought such great and speedy changes as
during the past seven years in Japan. Not
only the most remarkable chapter in the
history of modern Missions, but there is
nothing in the history of the world to com-
pare with it. W e talk about the early tri-
u m p h s of Christianity, but the early rec-
ords of the Ohurch, bright as they may be,
pale in the light of what is taking place be-
fore our eyes at the present time.'"
" Infiftyyears the people of the Sand-
wich and Hawaiian Islands have taken
their place in the brotherhood of Christian
nations.''
"In one year after John WUliams had
landed at Rara Tonga the population of
the whole Harvey group, six or seven
thousand, had thrown away their idols and
a church six hundred feet long was in pro-
cess of erection."
" O n his tombstone in the N e w Hebrides
is found this epitaph to John Geddies :
W h e n he came here he found no Christians,
when he left here he left no heathen.''
" In the S o m a group the whole popula-
tion of 60,000 are attending the Christian
schools."
" The greatest marvel perhaps is in the
Fiji Islands, in fifty years changes have
taken place which no pen canfitlypor-
tray."
" T h e success of God's people in India
and Egypt is truly marvelous."* If we
will but look, w e will see not only the fields
white unto the harvest, but w e wUl witness
the golden grain gathered into God's
store-house, the Church of Christ.
W h a t then do these promises mean to
us ? W h a t m a y w e expect the Holy Ghost
to work in us and to accomplish through
•*These'itemsare taken or condensed fi-om the ''Crisis of
Mis.^ns," by Arthur Piermn, or from copies of the "Mis-
sionary RiD'iew of the World."
 Our Views of Mission Work.
us upon our acceptance of Jesus Christ as
our Lord and Saviour ?
I. Each believer has the right to expect
the power of the Holy Spirit. " H e that be-
lieveth on M e , as the Scripture hath said,
out of his belly shall flow rivers of living
water; but this spake H e of the Spirit
which they that beUeve on H i m should re-
ceive.'' Read the promise that was m a d e to
the prophet Joel: " I wUl pour out m y
Spirit upon all flesh, . . also up-
OD^the servants and upon the handmaid in
those days will I pour out m y Spirit.''
Nothing can be more evident than that
the early converts to Christianity experi-
enced the power of the Holy Ghost on the
day of Pentecost.
Paul tells us: " That as m a n y as are led
by the Spirit of God, they are the sons of
God,'' making the guidance of the Holy
Spirit a condition, as well as an evidence,
of our sonship. The word " led'' is ex-
pressive. If w e are led by the Spirit our
life is subject to the Spirit's control. T h e
Apostle also taught that the " Spirit of
God dwelleth in His people." The ex-
pression " dwelleth in you," indicates per-
manence. T o say that these promises are
not for those living in our day, is to deny
us some of the most comforting truths of
the W o r d of God, and truths that are
essential to -vital Christianity.
The result of this spiritual indwelling,
in fulfillment of m a n y promises both in
the Old and the N e w Testaments, is neces-
sarily a holier and more completely conse-
crated life.
But more: U p o n the day of Pentecost
the Spirit of G o d was poured out upon the
people. Their time, possessions and lives
were consecrated to the Master's work, and
they became a power in His service. N o w , as
247
the last and richest Gospel call says : " Let
him that heareth say, come;" as Christ
has said, " Son, work to-day in m y vine-
yard;" and, as w e believe that " w e are
workers together with Christ," w e surely
have the right to expect that the Holy
Spirit will be given in answer to prayer to
qualify us for our work, even as H e came
upon Christ to qualify H i m for His work.
W h y does not the power of the Spirit
rest upon God's people more fully? W e
answer. The people of G o d are not looking
for this power.
" They have not so m u c h as heard that
Spirit was given." The doctrine of the in-
dwelling of the Holy Spirit to sanctify
and to qualify for Christian service is be-
lieved as a theory; but w e fail to grasp it
as a practical truth in our lives and in our
work. W e need to lay hold of the old
promise, " If ye then, being evil, k n o w h o w
to give good gifts unto your children, h o w
m u c h more shall your Heavenly Father
give the Holy Spirit to them that ask Him."
II. The power of the Holy Spirit is im-
parted to us according to our need. The
Apostle Paul tells us in the 12th chapter
of First Corinthians "that,there are diver-
sities of gifts, but the same Spirit. . .
It is the same God which worketh all in
all. But the manifestation of the Spirit is
given to every m a n to profit withal. For
to one is given by the Spirit the word of
wisdom, to another the word of knowledge
by the same Spirit, . dividing to
every m a n severally as H e wiU." In the
imparting of the Spirit's power G o d is
sovereign. In His providential plan H e
has a place for every man, and supplies all
his need according to His riches in glory
by Christ Jesus. " As G o d made the world
H e made the ages, and as H e made the ages
248 Our Views of Mission Work.
H e made the m e n in the ages. Just as m e n
lay a corner-stone, carry up a pUlar, cap-
ital, arch and capstone," so H e made the
ages. Prince Albert used to say, " Find
out God's plan in your generation, then
fall promptly into your place in His plan."
Doing this, and, in answer to importunate
prayer, w e may expect G o d to grant
us power commensurate with our need.
But this requires self-denial and consecra-
tion. W e love to choose our station.
W h e n we would say " do with m e as Thou
knowest best," " send m e where Thou dost
wish, lay upon m e what Thou wilt," h u m a n
nature is tempted to draw back.
Will G o d grant the power? Where G o d
requhes duty H e imparts strength. Horace
Burkness published a beautiful sermon,
" The Duty Required and the Strength
Imparted," from the text, " Give ye them
to eat,'' in which he discusses the theme,
" Duty not measured by our ability." M e n
are often commanded to do when in them-
selves they have not the power to' accom-
plish. W h e n G o d requires. H e gives the
ability. " G o in this thy might, and thou
shalt save Israel from the hand of the
Midianites : have not I sent thee °? " W e
all need to live new lives in Christ Jesus.
Let us have a high conception of what w e
may attain. " They that wait upon the
Lord shall renew their strength. They
shall mount up with wings as eagles, they
shall run and not weary, they shall walk
and not faint."
W e may also expect strength to dis-
charge the public duties G o d requires of
us. " It shall be given you in that day
what ye shall speak." The witness of the
truth of this promise is in every Christian
community. M e n and w o m e n noted for
their timidity have become most successful
in performing duty. Those w h o have
thought they could not lead in public
prayer have become able andfluentin this
exercise. Those w h o once felt they could
not utter one word of comfort to the afflicted
are n o w speaking welcome words of com-
fort to God's dear ones, and m e n and
w o m e n w h o were once afraid to hear their
o w n voices are n o w caUing sinners to
Christ. G o d has chosen as the means
" weak things," that the power m a y b e seen
to be of God.
If G o d has called the Church to difficult-
work, the Church has the right to expect
that H e -will grant a large measure of
strength for the discharge of duties, and
that H e will impart power to make the -work
successful.
III. The power is bestowed according to
our faith. " H e that believeth on Me, out of
his belly shall flow rivers of U-ving water."
" H e that believeth on M e , the works that
I do shall he do." The m e n who have
been successful leaders in all Christian en-
terprises have been m e n of faith. David
could meet the champion of the Philistines
in the name of the Lord G o d of Israel.
H e had faith. Jonah disobeyed the Divine.
commands, turns his back upon Nineveh,.
because he lacked faith in God's govern-
ment. Peter at one time quailed in the pres-
ence of tbose w h o charged him with being
connected 'mth Jesus, and he denied tbat
he knew the man. H e lacked faith. But
when his faith -s^'as confirmed, he appeared
before the m e n that put Jesus to death and
charged them with the murder of the Just
and Holy O n e ; and affirmed that God
raised H i m from the dead, and made Him
both Lord and Christ. G o d gave Peter
the faith to witness for Christ because He=
had that work for Peter to do.
 Our Views of Mission Work.
One of the most interesting of modern
Missions is the Hermannsberg Mission.
The story, briefly, is this: Louis H a r m s
succeeded his father in the pastorate at
Hermannsberg. Soon after his entering
upon his work a revival of religion was en-
joyed in the parish. A missionary enter-
prise was entered upon. Missionaries
volunteered, and a time was spent in their
training. W h e n Louis H a r m s was ready
to send out his missionaries, he had not
the means. H e appealed to three sources
forfinancialassistance, with no favorable
response. A soldier proposed that he build
a ship and have it for future use. The
proposal was good, but he lacked the
money for this purpose. H e remembered
the words spoken to D u k e George of Sax-
ony : " Your Grace, straight forward makes
the best runner.'' H e acts upon this motto.
Shuts m a n out. Prays fervently to the
Lord, and lays the matter in His hands,
and at midnight arises from his knees and
says, in a voice that startles himself, For-
ward, now, in God's n a m e !
Erom this time his mind is a stranger to
doubt. Money is not in his hand, but the
faith is in his heart, and the supreme
crisis is over. In due time the ship " Can-
dace " is built. It cost 2,000 crowns more
than was estimated, but it was paid for.
The vessel starts. H a r m s gives an address
to each of the missionaries and this address
to aU: "I beg you with m y whole heart
that every morning you will pray, that
every evening you will pray. Y o u must
pray every evening for the forgiveness of
sin, for there is not a day without sin, and
when there is no forgiveness there is no
blessing. Begin all your work with prayer.
When the storm arises, pray; and when
249
the billows roll around the ship, pray; and
when sin comes, pray; and when the de-vil
tempts, pray. So long as you pray well it
will go well with your body and soul."
This was in thefifties.N o appeals but to
G o d were made for money. The vessel
starts on her voyage in the year 1853. In
the year 1891 there were 59 stations, 59
missionaries; the baptisms numbered 2,380,
with more than 18,000 members, and $62,-
500 contributed for religious purposes. Is
the work of Louis H a r m s anything to us *?
G o d can open windows in Heaven and
pour down blessings. G o d can give us
the blessing in the work and in the field
to which H e has assigned us. But Louis
H a r m s secured the victory when he re-
solved. Forward, in God's name. A n d there
is no victory until w e have faith to do.
This faith -vvill change longing to be into be-
ing, longing to do into action. W e can only
achieve as w e go forward in God's name.
W e need this faith in our ordinary Chris-
tian duty, as H a r m s did in starting a Mis-
sion. A n d a sparrow no more escapes the
eye of G o d than does an empire. What-
ever our duty, perform it in faith.
IV. The question, "Have you received the
Holy Ghost since you believed'?" implies
responsibility. " Thou oughtest, therefore,
to have put m y money to the exchangers,
and then at m y coming I should have re-
ceived mine own, with usury." G o d holds us
responsible not only for that which H e has
actually placed in our hands, but for that
which w e might possess with the dUigent
use of what H e has bestowed. H o w sim-
ple was the faith of the disciples at Ephe-
sus, when the doctrine of the reception of
the Holy Spirit was revealed to them.
They had attempted service without know-
250 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
ing of the gift; they could not have the
power.
Will G o d grant us the power of the Holy
Spirit if w e ask in faith and labor in faith ?
If so, and w e fail to ask and believe, w e
are not doing for the Master as w e might
do ; and w e will be obliged to answer for
it at the last day. Sad thought, " T o come
short of our duty to Christ because w e have
failed to apprehend the fulnessof His prom-
ITEMS O F M I S S I O N A R Y
ABROAD. than three times as large as aU Japan, has
Sooth Ameeica.—Only the fringe of this 4,000,000 people, and only three Mission
continent—more than sixty times as large
as the United Kingdom, more than thirty
times larger than Spain and Portugal,
more than seven times larger than all
British India—has been touched by the
message of Free Salvation.
Omitting the group of Christian Churches
in the Guineas on the northeast coast
and the scattered centers on the Atlantic
borders of Brazil, one m a y say that South
America, as a whole, is almost untouched
by aggressive Protestant missionary effort.
Glance at its republics, commencing at
the north.
Venezuela, with an area of 693,943
square mUes, more than nine times as
large as England and Wales, and two and
a half times larger than Germany, and
with a population of 2,200,000, has only
one Protestant missionary.
Colombia, larger than the total area of
Great Britain, Ireland, Italy, Greece, Ron-
mania, the Orange Free State, Bulgaria,
Servia, Switzerland and Belgium, more
ised help." Comforting'thought, " God has
promised strength according to our faith."
But if w e do not believe that the Holy
Spirit will manifest His power, there will
be no revival. If the ministry of to-day
fail to teaeh, and if the people fail to believe
that w e can receive the power of the Holy
Ghost, w e are certainly responsible for the
souls that might have been saved had we
acted otherwise.
INTELLIGENCE.
stations of the American Presbyterian
Church. Yet freedom of worship was
sanctioned here ten years ago, and the
republic, in 1872, suppressed aU Romish
seminaries.
Ecuador, called after the equator, on
which it Ues, has no missionary, aud never
had. Quito, its capital, the highest city in
the world, with its 30,000 souls; Guaya-
quil, its principal commercial center, and
the whole of its one to two miUion people,
scattered over an area considerably larger
than Great Britain and Ireland, are wholly
unevangeUzed as yet, unless ceremonial
can save us and the wafer-god be Divine.
Peru, with its 3,000,000, its 650 schools,
its magnificent railways, well-equipped
army and navy, and world-famed products
of bark, silver and guano, has only two
Mission centers. T h e Rev. Thos. B. Wood,
of the M . E . Mission, has recently visited
North America, and returned with a group
of eight workers, w h o are n o w learning the
language, and will shortly be at work, D. V-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
The American Bible Society and Ameri-
can Methodists, in attempting the evan-
gelization of Peru, have had a hard strug-
gle with R o m e . T h e priests secured the
imprisonment of Signor Penzotte, and have
used every means to hinder the preaching
of the W o r d ; but, as in other republics,
the trend of the times is against t h e m —
the tide of civil and religious liberty is
rising. After a long fight, Signor Pen-
zotte was set free, and there is probably
more opportunity for evangelization to-day
in Peru than there has ever been before.
A group of itinerant native agents of the
American Bible Society are helping to
spread the Scriptures, and the little Prot-
estant churches at L i m a and Callao are
doing what they can; but, taken as a
whole, the 3,000,000 are to-day stUl in
darkness, waiting for the Light of Life.
Bolivia, an enormous inland State, mod-
eled like all the South American repub-
Ucs on the constitution of the U. S. A.,
'with its President elected every four
years, its Congress, universal suffrage, and
a population of 1,450,000, has received one
or two passing visits from colporteurs of
the American Bible Society, but has no
resident Protestant missionary.
Chili, foremost of all the republics in
intelligence and enterprise, asserted her
mdependence of Spain in 1818. Within
twelve months she expelled the Papal
nuncio, suppressed an attempt of the clergy
to incite revolution, carried the triumph of
the Uberal party through both Houses of
Congress, enacted important civil reforms,
and declared the complete and final sepa-
ration of Church and State.
She possesses nearly 13,000 miles of
telegraphic lines and a network of railways,
nd nearly 1,000 elementary schools. T h e
251
population of its capital, Santiago, numbers
about 150,000; that of Valparaiso (or V a e
of Paradise) almost 100,000; w h U e that of
the whole republic is 3,300,000, inoluding
500,000 Indians. H o w m a n y messengers
of Jesus are seeking the evangelization of
these three millions ? Precisely 24 m e n
and 37 w o m e n , including a group of Bishop
Taylor's Mission teachers. The American
Presbyterian and the South American
Missionary Society, with three stations
worked by two chaplains, one layman and
some ladies, are laboring (with a group of
native helpers), in this long and lovely
western coast land, whose climate is one of
the finest in the world, and whose recent
political advances make her people espe-
cially open to evangelization—in all, per-
haps, 61 to reach 3,300,000!
The Argentine and Patagonia—now
reckoned one republic—form the second
largest State in South America, and con-
tain a population of over 4,000,000.
Closely connected with Europe by steam^
the Argentine is also linked by the n e w
Transcontinental Railway with Chili and
the western seaboard. Thousands of
Europeans have settled on its prairie
ranches, but the bulk of the population is
Indian and half-caste, three out of the
four millions being non-European. Mis-
sionary work here, except in the few cities,
is necessarily an itinerant effort a m o n g
small scattered centers. Can the four
stations and nine workers of the South
American Missionary Society, a few inde-
pendent and Salvation A r m y workers, and
the three stations of the Methodist Epis-
copal Church of the States be enough to
reach these four millions ? The question
is its o w n rebuke.
Paraguay, a little landJocked republic.
252 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
sandwiched in between the Argentine and
BrazU, after laboring under Jesuit govern-
ment for 200 years, rose in 1811 and
asserted her independence of Spain. With
an area of 98,000 square mUes—about the
same size as Great Britain—her popula-
tion, decimated by recent wars, n o w only
numbers 400,000, of w h o m 140,000 are
largely uncivilized Indian tribes. The
South American Missionary Society, with
one station and five workers, and the
American Methodist Episcopal Church,
with a group of native helpers, are work-
ing here—an average of one foreign mis-
sionary to 80,000 people.
Uruguay, the smallest of the South
American States, but more than twice as
large as Ireland, has a population of
750,000 and but two Mission stations—one
to 375,000 souls.
Brazil, which alone is larger than the
whole United States, and more than three
times exceeds all British India, occupying
nearly half the area of South America, has
16,000,000 people, and, as far as w e can
learn from the reports of the eight Amer-
ican societies there working, not more than
one missionary, on an average, to every
138,000 souls. About a dozen British
Christian workers, several of these self-
supporting—among them nine connected
with the late Dr, Kalley's churches in Rio
and Pernambuco, and Mr. H. Maxwell
Wright, whose devoted itinerant evangel-
istic efibrts are well known—are doing
what they can for Brazil; but, of its
16,000,000 people, at least 14,000,000 are
still entirely unevangelized.
South America, with a population of
37,000,000, has not quite 400 missionaries,
including laymen, w o m e n workers, and
missionaries' wives. Supposing every mis-
sionary there was able to intelUgibly com-
municate the Gospel to 10,000 persons—a
completely impossible number, considering
the difficalties of the work and the scat-
tered, often nomadic, character of the
population—there would stUl remain 33,-
000,000 unreached by the message of free
salvation.—The Neglected Continent.
NoBTH Afkioa.—The area of the Soudan
and adjacent territories is 7J miUions of
square miles, twice that of the United
States; the population is composed of
Negroes, Arabs, Berbers, etc., and num-
ber upwards of 150,000,000, that of the
United States being 66,000,000.
T h e Soudan is the meeting place of
m a n y varied races and languages ; a knowl-
edge of Arabic will facUitate intercourse
nearly everywhere a m o n g its 80,000,000
inhabitants. Travelers and merchants have
wandered all over this region, and many
interesting and beautifully illustrated books
have been 'written describing it.
The busy h u m of commercial life is heard
in vast waUed cities of from 50,000 to
100,000 inhabitants, from which slave and
trading caravans are forever streaming
forth. T h e people are coarteous, peaceful,
and industrious ; they wear long fio'wing
robes, turbans and slippers, dwell in well-
built brick houses and eat good palateable
food ; they weave and dye their own native
cloths; shoemakers, metal-smiths and
leather-workers are found in the larger
cities.
W h y should not the Christian mission-
ary be sent them ? In Cairo 10,000 Mos-
lem students are preparing to convert
chiefly Africa to Mohammedanism.
In Central Soudan is Lake Chad, an im-
mense fresh water lake with no outlet, 200
miles long and 100 wide, into which flow
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
several rivers ; here we find the elephant,
lion, hippopotamus, crocodile, deer, fowl
and vegetable products of all kinds—a
veritable paradise on earth.
Here are found great, powerful, well-
organized negro kingdoms with sultans at
their head; the rulers are Moslems, but
away from the large cities the people are
Moslem in n a m e only; polygamy and
slavery prevail everywhere.
Can the white m a n live here? The cli-
mate of the Soudan is dry and invigor-
ating ; it is the region of cultivable lands,
lightly wooded; the rainfall is only 25 to
-50 inches per a n n u m ; camels, donkeys
and horses make travel easy; there is
scarcely any fever ; E m i n Pasha lived here
twelve years. T h e cold at night is intense
after the hot days ; natives and Europeans
suffer alike, and blankets are necessary;
the average temperature ranges from 90
•degrees s u m m e r to 70 winter ; this is not
found inconvenient, owing to the loose
clothing worn.
The Sahara: Here there are 3,000,000
JBerbers. The true desert is not at all con-
tinuous, being only two millions of square
miles in area; there is plenty of water un-
der its bed, which is being tapped with
great success on the borders of Algeria,
and plantations of fruit trees, etc., then
give profitable results ; water can always
be obtained in the wadies by digging.
Abyssinia, with 5,000,000 people ; Galla,
with 7,000,000 ; Shoa, with 1,000,000 ; and
Somali, with 1,000,000, are all without a
single missionary. There are also at least
a score of large Negro tribes near the
equator with from 200,000 to 2,000,000
people each, without a single missionary.
The swamps and malarious districts in
Africa are found in the narrow belt, 50 to
253
150 miles wide, on the East and W e s t
coasts, also near the course of some of the
rivers. Inland Africa is a lofty, elevated
plateau, descending nearly everywhere in
terraces to the coast, the average elevation
being 2,000 feet above the sea ; that of
Asia being 1,650, and Europe 1,000.
The numerous deaths of missionaries in
Africa can be traced to the fact of their
settling right in or near the swampy, ma-
larial belt, instead of pushing inland to
the healthy elevated regions. Dr. Pierson
says : " Most of the deaths of missionaries
in Africa have been quite unnecessary;
you are reasonably safe if you look after
four things: light vegetable diet, right
hours of traveling, boil all drinking water,
do not live near the s w a m p . " — A Mission-
ary Crusade.
India.—-It will, no doubt, be a matter of
surprise to m a n y for m e to say that the
burning question in India to-day in all mis-
sionary circles is not, " H o w shall w e mul-
tiply converts ? " but " H o w shall w e over-
take with Christian training and instruction
those w h o are pouring in upon us faster
than w e have the teachers by w h o m to take
care of themf" The fact is, that while G o d
is overruling a hundred forces, and direct-
ing them as well to the accomplishment of
those indirect results which are preparing
the way for the direct fruitage of the Gos-
pel, H e is delivering into our hands just
as m a n y converts as w e are able to take
care of.
T h e multiplication of converts in India
today is altogether out of proportion to
the number of evangelists and missionaries
engaged in the work, as compared with the
proportion of converts at h o m e from a m o n g
the non-Christians of our " Christian com-
munities," to the number of m e n and
254 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
w o m e n engaged in direct Christian effort.
In all India there are not as m a n y mission-
aries as there are ministers of the Gospel
in N e w York City, and yet the number of
converts yearly in India will be from five
to ten times as great as the number of con-
versions in N e w York. Give to India one-
half the missionaries in proportion to pop-
ulation as there are ministers and Christian
workers in America, and India wUl be
evangelized in ten years, or, at the very
outside, in twenty-five.
India has a population of 300,000,000
people. America, or the United States,
has, say, at the outside, a little more than
afifthof that number; and yet India has
not a three-hundredth part of the Christian
force at work at the problem of Christian-
izing this land as America has for the same
purpose. Let American and British Chris-
tians double their force in India, and w e
"will show to the world, and lay down at the
feet of Christ, a tenfold result for every
double of agencies which are given. Will
American Christians remember that instead
of caUing out insanely and ignorantly for
more converts, they should be sending out
in ever-increasing numbers more laborers
into thefieldwhere the harvest is ripen-
ing, and in m a n y places rotting on the
ground for the lack of reapers and har-
vesters.—Geo. F. Pentecost, D . D .
China.—"I could walk from Canton to
Shanghai, over 800 miles, not walking
more than 20 miles a day, and could sleep
every night in a viUage or town that has a
little Christian community.''
Will you not double your
offerings to the Foreign Mis-
sions this year ?
AT H O M E .
New Yobk.—We have recently received
a copy of the Seventieth Annual Report
of the N e w York Bible Society, covering
the year 1893-94, one of the busiest in its
history. T h e foUowing paragraphs are
taken from a statement of the President,
Jas. H . Burnside, in regard to the " work
which has been and still is being quietly
done in this city," and a m o n g the immi-
grants of various nationalities w h o ar-
rive at this port:
" The city has been divided into one
hundred districts, extending from the Bat-
tery to Yonkers. Every h o m e to which
access could be had was carefully can-
vassed," with the following results: "85,990
houses were 'visited; the number of fam-
ilies actually seen and spoken to in these
houses was 171,570; of these, 81,638
were R o m a n Catholic, 29,029 were Jew-
ish, and 60,903 Protestant. Of the latter,
5,410 were found to be without a copy of
the Scriptures in their homes, and have
been furnished with them in any language
needed. Seven hundred and ninety-five
families were nominally Protestant, but so
great was their antagonism to tbe Bible
that they would not accept it on any con-
dition.
" The greatest lack of Bibles was found,
strange to say, on the edge of the great
Jewish district, in a section bounded by
the Bowery, East Houston, Eldridge and
Grand streets, where a great number of
German and American families still reside.
The number of famUies there without a
Bible was found to average 37 per cent, of
those visited. In auother district on the
East Side the average without a Bible was
found to be 30 per cent. In this district
was a G e r m a n w o m a n w h o had been thirty
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
years without a Bible. O n the W e s t Side
as well there were found to be m a n y w h o
had never owned a copy of God's written
word. These cases, however, are excep-
tional, as the average below the Harlem
River was found to be only 10 per cent.,
and in the Annexed District but 3^ per
cent.
" A re-canvass is n o w being m a d e of
those parts of the city found to be most
needy last year, which reveals the fact
that, owing to the constant changes among
the tenement house people, the vacant
places where the Bible ought to be and is
not are almost as numerous as they were a
year and a half ago; the results of this
re-canvassing showing that, out of a total
of 15,407 famUies, 1,382 had no copy of
the Bible.
" The hospitals have also been visited,
and seventeen which were either wholly or
in part unsupplied have been given Bibles
and Testaments in ten different languages.
Every circle of the King's Daughters in
the city has been notified that any family
w h o m they k n o w to be without a Bible
would be supplied by their simply sending
the name and address of such family to
the N e w York Bible Society, R o o m 66,
Bible House. The same offer has
been made to the working girls' clubs,
from which there should be m a n y appli-
cants. The servants, both m e n and women,
in the wealthy localities are also being vis-
ited with very gratifying results. M a n y of
them are of foreign birth, and do not k n o w
how to obtain a Bible in their native
tongue. T h e facility with which they m a y
be supplied is appreciated by them, as in
this and all other branches of the work the
book is taken by a messenger and given
directly into the Eand of the applicant.
265
" While the Society are willing to give a
Bible to any w h o cannot afford to pay for
it, they always endeavor to get cost or half
cost for all the books they distribute,
making the recipients of the books value
them more.
" Besides the work done in the city, the-
shipping in the harbor is visited by an
agent of the Society. During the year
3,046 vessels, sailing under ten different
flags, were supplied with 6,789 volumes.
At Ellis Island an agent of the Society
meets all immigrants w h o arrive at this
port, extending to them a friendly greeting
in the language of their ' Fatherland,'
and gives to all w h o will accept it a copy
of the W o r d of God, which is and must
ever be the bulwark of our national life.
During the year 48,825 volumes, in nine-
teen different languages, were given tO'
immigrants.''
Certainly this Society has a claim on
hearty co-operation of Christians of every
denomination in carrying forward this
great enterprise of Bible distribution.
There is need of constant prayer that the
pages of Inspiration so widely scattered
in this way over the country m a y " prove
leaves of the Tree of Life for the heal-
ing of the nation.'"
Cincinnati Hebrew Mission.—We have
thought it necessary to enter upon kinder-
garten work as an aid to the Mission.
There are various reasons for this :
1. A U missionary work succeeds best by
beginning with the young. The kinder-
garten affords the earliest and best oppor-
tunities for this work. The Jews are gen-
erally good parents, and readily embrace
educational advantages.
2. W e must convince those w h o m w e
would win to Christ that w e are their real
256 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
friends, seeking only to do them good, and
only from love.
3. W e wish to find access to the homes
of our Jewish brethren, and to overcome
the prejudice which too often is found on
both sides. W e must " break down the
middle wall of partition between Jew and
GentUe."
W e are pushing this work in connection
with ordinary city Mission work. W e do
this because the Mission is carried on in
:and around our church, and we are bound
to reach as many of the unsaved as pos-
sible. The Macedonian cry comes to us
from all classes. But most of all, w e
have chosen this mode of work because w e
think it the wisest and most efficient. W e
thus go into Jewish families with the same
freedom as into other families. It is an
easy matter to take the chUdren through
the kindergarten into the Sabbath School.
W e can, with good grace, ask parents and
the older children to come to the mission-
ary service in the same church that opens
its doors to the little ones.
Our Young People's Society has agreed
to go in bands of eight each month, two
«ach week, to missionate. The Ladies'
Missionary Society has special charge of
the work among the children. The other
Societies of this Presbytery have offered
their aid to this line of effort.
Of course, when our missionary returns
from the Seminary, we expect him to work
almost entirely among the Hebrews. The
following items are taken from his report
to us:
N e w Testaments given out during Sep-
tember :
Hebrew 108
German 19
English 36
During October:
Hebrew 77
German 9
EngUsh 12
Visits to Jewish Families :
September 269
October 273
Total number of visits to Jewish families
from June 25th to November 1, 1894,
993. Total Testaments given out from
June 25th to November 1, 1894:
Hebrew 438
German 85
English 94
Total 617
W e were unable to secure a suitable
Covenanter teacher for the kindergarten
school. W e were obliged for the present
to employ a pious Methodist girl, who was
already using a room in our church for
that purpose. W e wiU furnish her as an
assistant one w h o is a member of our
church.
Our church will n o w be open every day
in the week for religious and charitable
work. W e are only learning how to do
the work in the Lord's vineyai-d. Pray
that w e m a y be made wise to win souls to
Christ. W e have good evidence that the
sympathy and prayers of the church are
with us.
J. C. Smith.
Rehoboth, I o w a . — " W h o hath beUeved
our report and to w h o m is the arm of the
Lord revealed r' To-day, dear sisters, I
trust that w e have believed the report, and
that the arm of the Lord has been revealed
to us, so that w e can say with Mary, to
w h o m the blessed announcement had been
made of the advent in thefleshof the long-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
promised Messiah: " M y soul doth mag-
nify the Lord, and m y spirit doth rejoice
in God, m y Saviour." At these annual
gatherings to which w e come, w e are re-
minded that one more year has been num-
bered 'with the past, and has borne up its
account to the throne of God. Our
Heavenly Father has dealt 'with us in
kindness. While m a n y of us have passed
under the rod and been called to endure
affliction for a season, yet in mercy H e has
spared us, so that none of our households
has been visited by the angel of death.
Sometimes, in order to attend our monthly
meetings, our plans have been disturbed,
and w e have found ourselves debating the
question whether the end justifies the in-
convenience w e were compelled to over-
come. I believe it does. W e do not for-
get that w e each have our cares and our
duties at h o m e and in the social circle ;
but not less true is that our poor h u m a n
hearts and our limited understandings need
the enthusiasm and the education that re-
sult from contact with one another. At
gatherings like this each one realizes her
part in the great whole. The victories of
battle are shared by all the soldiers in the
conflict, and each tired warrior goes from
the camp refreshed and encouraged. W e
may not be able to do as m u c h as some
others are doing, but w e can do something,
and the most that is asked of us is, " G o
work to-day in m y vineyard." Yes, w e
have a work to do and w e need not travel
far to find it. W h e n the Master was on
earth. H e said, " The poor have the Gospel
preached unto them." But this is a
declaration that w e cannot make. In this
very neighborhood there are m a n y people
almost at our church doors w h o are not
reached by us. Not long ago while con-
257
versing with a m a n in regard to the inter-
ests of his soul, he told m e some of the
difficulties that they had to encounter w h o
were endeavoring to break away from e'vil
habits, and to walk in the straight and nar-
row way, and he concluded by saying v
" Oh, Mrs. Black, if when w e are striving
so hard to be good, some of you Christian
people would only grasp us by the hand,
and speak a word of encouragement to us,
h o w it would assist us in getting away
from old associations." W e should like
Jesus to go to the homes of such people,
and strive to make them feel that w e are
their friends, and are anxious for the sal-
vation of their souls, and then they will
welcome us and bid us come again. M a y
G o d help us during the coming year to
do more work of this kind, not for a n a m e
but for Christ's sake, and the sake of our
perishing fellow mortals. But you say,
" If w e devote our time and attention to
those around us, what will become of the
foreignfield"> " W e reply, there is no dan-
ger in any such way of this being neglected.
If we have once drunk from the fountain
at home, w e will want to publish abroad
the good news, either ourselves becoming
the heralds, or giving our means and
prayers to others w h o do. The more love
to Christ w e have in our hearts,the more anx-
ious will w e be to proclaim this love to th©
world. W e must reach one man, and then
another, and another, the circle continually
widening until it embraces the whole
world. It is not an impossibility for a
m a n to be saved alone, but it is impossible
for m a n to stay saved alone. H e is bound
to impart the Gospel which he has received
from God, and he ought to make haste so
to do. It is by the testimony of Christian
m e n and w o m e n that the world is to be
258 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
saved. Christ, the bread of life, the Risen
Saviour, must be proclaimed by His friends,
and m e n entreated in His name to be rec-
onciled unto God. W e complain of the
hard year through which w e are passing,
and our lack of means to devote to Mission
work; but have any of us deprived our-
selves of anything in the way of comfort
or luxury, that the money saved might be
devoted to the cause of Christ ? Oh, you
say, that would be a very insignificant sum,
a mere trifie. Yes, but do you remember
the high encomium bestowed on the widow's
mite, or the exclamation of the disciple in
regard to the five barley loaves and two
small fishes: " W h a t are these among so
many 1 " If w e bring what we have to the
Master, H e will bless it and multiply it,
and with it feed a multitude. W e must
practice self-denial. H e asks that (Luke
9 : 23). W e will need help from on high,
and H e gives that (John 14:13). W e de-
sire an example to study, and a copy to
foUow, and H e is that (L Pet. 2: 21).
Mes. j. a. Black,
President,
Secretary's report of L. M. S. for year
ending September, 1894:
N u m b e r of regular meetings 12 preciated by all.
Called meetings
N u m b e r of members enrolled 20 music, declamations and dialogues. The
Average attendance at regular meet-
ings
Decrease in membership by death and
removal
N e w members
Members attending all meetings—Miss
Graham
Elisa Cannon,
Secretary.
Treasurer's report of Ladies' Missionary
Society of Rehoboth, Iowa, for the year
ending September, 1894 :
First quarter to Poreign Mission.. $25 00
Second quarter. Southern Mission.. 20 23
Third quarter, Chinese Mission 15 60
Fourth quarter. Domestic Missions. 15 50
Especial collection 4 00
Presbyterial F u n d 17 50
Total. $97 88
Mes. j. C. Cannon,
Treasurer.
SuPEEiOE, N e b . — T h e Ladies' Missionary
Societies of Holmwood, Beulah and Superi-
or, held their second annual conference in
the R. P. Church at Superior October 11.
There were three sessions, morning, after-
noon and evening, which were aU weU at-
tended, especially in the evening, when the
house was crowded ; several weU-prepared
papers were read relating to missionary
work; Miss Edgar, one of our Syrian mis-
sionaries, was with us, she gave a short
talk and answered questions in regard to
missionary work in the far East, in the af-
ternoon ; the feature of the evening was
Miss Edgar's address, which was very in-
teresting and instructive, was highly ap-
1 The exercises were interspersed with
conference was quite a success and will, I
8 think, be a help to us and stimulate us to
labor more earnestly in the missionary
2 cause. Com.
1
\
R e m e m b e r to give liberally
this winter for the missionary
w o r k of the Church.
 Monographs.
M O N O G R A P H S .
GREYFRIARS, E D I N B U R G H .
The soil of Scotland has been doubly
•consecrated to God. It has been the the-
ater of noble deeds, of faithfulness and suf-
fering in the service of Christ; and it has
supplied a resting-place for the ashes of
many w h o loved not their Uves unto the
death for the crown and covenant of their
Lord. F r o m the shores of Orkney, in the
far North, to the waters of Wigton Bay, in
the South, the mountains and streams, the
moors and glens, of bonnie Scotland, are
many of them linked with such sacred
covenanting memories as appeal to the
hearts of all w h o love their country and
God's truth, and they waken up in the
heart of every Christian patriot the echo
of the old question: " W h y s;peak ye not
a word of bringing the King back ?"
In the center of these scenes of hallowed
memories is the Greyfriars Church and
Churchyard in Edinburgh. That church,
and the graveyard surrounding it, have a
threefold interest. T h e church was the
scene of one of the grandest historic events
in the history ot Scotland and the world—
the signing of the National Covenant. T h e
churchyard was the scene of the sufferings
of a company of the faithful, who, though
defeated on the field of battle, were yet
among the unconquered legions of the
Lord ; and within its precincts lie the re-
mains of a large number w h o were counted
worthy to suffer death for Christ.
The name of the church and churchyard,
^'Greyfriars," is a striking Ulustration of
the remarkable irony of events. T h e word
recalls to us that Apostate Church which
shed the blood of the saints, and whose
259
monastic orders spread a blighting influ-
ence wherever they went; and yet it is
n o w the word that almost, more than any
other, is the synonym in Scottish history
for covenanting patriotism, piety and
truth. "Greyfriars," Su- Walter Scott
said, " was the Westminster Abbey of Scot-
land"—might w e not say "of Covenanting
Scotland V
Greyfriars, as the name indicates, was
originally a monastery of the Church of
R o m e . It was situated on the south side
of Edinburgh, not far from the Grass-
market, and had gardens of considerable
extent on the rising ground. It belonged
to the Franciscan Order, and had been
founded by James I. about the year 1436.
In the sixteenth century it was destroyed
and plundered by the English. It hap-
pened about that time that the chief bury-
ing-place in Edinburgh, which was at the
church of St. Giles, where the body of John
K n o x lies, was greatly overcrowded, and
as the gardens of the Greyfriars Monastery
were outside the municipal boundary, the
magistrates of Edinburgh chose them as a
suitable burying-ground for the city. In
AprU, 1561, the T o w n Council gave direc-
tions to have the walls surrounding the
monastery repaired, and in the following
year Mary Queen of Scots granted " The
yairdis of the Greyfriars and situation
thereof" to be used in all time coming
for a public burying-ground. The grounds
of St. Giles continued for fifty or sixty
years after the Reformation to be used as
a public cemetery, but when, in 1632, the
Parliament House was erected, all traces
of the cemetery outside the church were
260 Monographs.

obliterated. W h a t was St. Giles cemetery of Loudon, whose manner was peculiarly
is n o w a street—Parliament House Close, impressive, m a d e an address to the as-
and a little iron tablet, flush with the sembled multitude, dwelling on the im-
paving, with the letters J. K. upon it, is portance of the bond of union in present
the only mark to indicate the grave of the circumstances, and exhorting all to zeal and
great reformer. As soon as the Queen perseverance in the cause of the Lord.
granted the grounds of Greyfriars to the Thereupon Mr. Alexander Henderson, then
city they were used as a burying-ground. minister of Leuchars, offered up an im-
Thefirstperson of note w h o was laid there passioned prayer for the Divine blessing,
was the illustrious George Buchanan; and when the noblemen present stepped for-
in the course of time many of the worthies ward to the table, subscribed the deed,
of Edinburgh and eminent Scotsmen, and and, with uplifted hands, swore to the ob-
not a few of " the noble army of martyrs," servance of its duties. After them the
found a last resting-place in Greyfriars. gentry, the ministers, and thousands of
There are n o w two churches in Grey- every rank subscribed and swore. The
friars Churchyard. Of these, the east- immense sheet of parchment was speedUy
most one is the Old Greyfriars, which was filled, and members, for want of room,
buUt by the order of the T o w n CouncU were obliged to sign only their initials.
in 1614. In May, 1718, by an accident, The enthusiasm was universal; it seemed
great part of the church was destroyed, as if a new era had da'wned on them,
and the magistrates then not only re- every face beamed with joy, and the city
paired the injured structure, but erected prescribed one scene of devout congratu-
at the west end of it a second church, lation and rapture." The Covenant, after
which is called the N e w Greyfriars it was signed by all within the Church,
Church. The older building was destroyed was taken outside—the door was then in
by fire on Sabbath, 19th January, 1845, the east e n d — a n d placed on the northeast
but has since been restored; and internally stone of Boswell of Auchinleck's tomb,
both structures are very handsome. Each and there it was subscribed by the people
church has its o w n pastor and organ, and, in great numbers, amidst prayers and
as the organs are worked by hydraulic tears, some even signing it -with their
pressure, it m a y be understood that the blood. That day was a day to be remem-
worship of the sanctuary will be perfect bered in the history of Greyfriars and of
of its kind. The Old Greyfriars in re- Scotland.
cent times has been remarkable princi- Forty-one years after the signing of
pally for the advanced degree of the the Covenant the battle of BothweU
ritualistic element in its services. Bridge was fought, a battle that ended
It was in the Old Church tbat on disastrously for the Covenanters. Four
March 1st, 1638, after a sermon by the hundred fell in that battle, and twelve
famous Alexander Henderson, the Na- hundred were taken prisoners. These were
tional Covenant was signed. In the words taken to Edinbui'gh and thrust into Grey-
of the historian: "After sermon the friars Churchyard—the part caUed the
Covenant was read ; upon which the Earl South burying ground—with no lodging
 Monographs. 261

but the cold ground, and no roof but the martyrs' monument, which is an object of
sky. They were kept there for five great interest to all visitors. T h e original
months, exposed not only to the severity m o n u m e n t was erected in 1706 by James
of the weather, but also to the brutal in- Currie, of Pentland, and others, and it was
sults of the soldiers. Their only food superseded in 1771 by the present m o r e
was a miserable allowance of bread and finished structure. T h e foUowing is an
water, the good people of Edinburgh being exact copy of the original inscription,
prohibited from supplying their wants, which in the n e w stone has been modern-
either as to meat, money, or clothing. ized in the spelling:
" They were strictly guarded by night and Halt passenger, take heed what thou do see,
day, and if anyone rose from the ground T M s tomb doth show for some men did die ;
Here lyes interr'd the dust of those who stood
during the night he was shot at; and if 'Gainst perjury, resisting unto blood;
anyone escaped, tbe guard w a s to give Adhering to the covenants and laws ;
hfe for life by a cast of dice." S o m e of Establishing the same ; which was the cause
them after several weeks were liberated Their lives were sacriflc'd unto the lust
by M o n m o u t h on signing a bond promising Of prelatists abjured; though here their dust
Lyes mixt with murderers and other crew
never again to take up arms against the
W h o m justice justly did to death pursue.
King. A few escaped, and of the four But as for thir in them no cause was found
hundred w h o remained some died in Worthy of death: but only they were found
prison, others were freed on petitioning Constant and steadfast, zealous, witnessing
for liberty to sign the bond, and two hun- For the prerogatives of Christ tlieir King;
dred and fifty-seven were banished as Which truths were sealed by famous Guthrie's
head,
slaves to Barbadoes. These two hundred
And all along to Master Renwick's blood ;
andfifty-sevenwere put on board a ship They did endure the wrath of enemies ;
in Leith Roads, in charge of a Romanist Eeproaches, torments, deaths, and injuries,
named Paterson, and were treated with But yet they're those, who from such troubles
the most inhuman cruelty. T h e vessel came,
And now triumph in glory with the Lamb.
foundered on a rock off the coast of Orkney.
From May 37, 1661, that the noble Marquis of
All the prisoners might have been saved, Argyle suffered, to the 17th February 1688, that
but Paterson ordered the hatches to be Mr. James Benwick suffered, were execut at
shut d o w n upon them; and the forty or Edinburgh about ain hundred of noblemen, gen-
fifty w h o were saved were spared only to tlemen, ministers, and others, noble martyres
meet a worse fate. They were banished, for Jesus Christ. The most part of them ly here.
with others w h o were brethren in faith- In the south part of the churchyard, not
fulness and tribulation, to the plantations far from the stone where the Covenant
in Jamaica and N e w Jersey, and amid the was signed, is a monument, one of the most
horrors of slavery they ended their days. handsome structures in the cemetery, that
In their experience the tender mercies of is worthy of attention. It marks the grave
the wicked were cruel, but through m u c h of the m a n w h o m a d e it the business of
tribulation they passed into glory. his life to prosecute and persecute th&
O n the east side of the churchyard, saints of G o d — S i r George Mackenzie, the
against the boundary wall, is the famous King's Advocate in the reigns of Charlea
262 Monographs.
II. and James II. H e was a bitter enemy
of the Covenanters. In Monteath's The-
atre of Mortality the foUowing expressions
are recorded as having been part of the
original inscription on his t o m b : — " The
sacred remains of Sir George Mackenzie
the glory of his country, the -nndica-
tor of reUgion, the disseminator of just-
ice a most illustrious ornament
of the CoUege of Justice," etc., etc. Such
a monument is an admirable foil to the
monument erected to the memory of the
m e n w h o found death at his hands. In
spite of the sycophantic words written of
him, his name and his monument alike
have long been held in abhorrence by the
people of Scotland; and if there is any
text which more than another these two
monuments in the one churchyard will sug-
gest to the mind of the thoughtful visitor
it is this: " The memory of the just is
blessed, but the name of the wicked shall
rot."
Not far from the Martyr's Stone is the
Grassmarket—one of the streets of Edin-
burgh—^where many of the martyrs, in-
cluding James Renwick, the last of them,
were executed. The place is still marked
by a circle of stones, in the paving, where
the scaffold was always erected. It is a
place of precious memories ; it m a y be said
to have supplied the keystone of the arch
of the liberties, civil and religious, which
Great Britain enjoys to-day. O n that
spot—in view of the Castle, not far from
the Tolbooth, and the street that leads
down to John Knox's house, and on to
" ancient Holyrood " — o n that spot, which
in a sense was sacred ground, many of
w h o m the world was not worthy, witnessed
for Christ a noble confession before many
witnesses; and from the scaffold erected
there, in the midst of the crowds of spec-
tators surging round them, and under the
eyes of the multitudes that looked down
upon them from the lofty tenements that
flanked each side of the broad street, they
bade fareweU to earth, and having fought
a good fight, passed to their eternal re-
ward, " a crown never fading, a kingdom
of glory."
" Whose Faith Follow."
(Rev.) John McDonald, B. D.
Edinburgh, Scotland.
A CHILD'S CRY F R O M CHINA.
Through the courtesy of Mrs. Mary E.
Robertson, of Oban, Scotland, we have re-
ceived a copy of the Illustrated Missionary
News, with the foUo-wing touching story
marked for publication. W e gladly give
it a place in our columns, hoping that it
will be to our readers old and young an
effective appeal for practical sympathy and
prayers:
" TsuNHUA, China.
" M v HONOEABLE FeIENDS,
" I give you m y best bow. I a m a stupid
little Chinese girl. S o m e days I am so
naughty m y grandma says I shall probably
be a monkey after I die ! This scares me
and gives m e a big pain in m y heart. They
tell m e m y mother cried a great many
tears because I was a gh-l, and m y grandma
and father were very cross and angry.
They named m e Ling Te, which means
' Lead along a brother'; but when an-
other baby came, she was a girl too. I
heard m y father say, ' W e are too poor to
keep another girl.' Mother said, 'I have
had such a hard time, I wish I had died
when I was a baby; the poor little thing
had better die.' She cried a great many
tears. Father took the baby away and I
never saw her. After a few years a brother
 Monographs. 263

did come, and that was indeed a joyful hold me. I could not sleep that night for
day! I stood by and watched them tie pain. I can never tell how m y feet ached;
the clothes around his little arms and legs. after a few days they were so sore and
Day after day he lay upon the brick bed, lame I could not walk. Once m y mother
looking towards heaven, making the back said, real soft and sweet, ' Poor child,' and
of his head so flat and nice. I brushed seemed to make m e feel a little better.
away theflies,and thought how proud we N o w m y feet are dead and do not ache so
should all be to have him grow up and be bad, and I can walk on m y heels pretty
a mandarin and wear a button on his hat well.
and ride a big, black, shining mule! Of " During the sixth moon. W e n Shan, one
course, we shall find a wife for him, and of our neighbors' girls, came back from the
then we shall have a slave, at last, of our Peking school. She looked so queer to us.
own. I say, however, in m y heart's center, They had taken the bandages from her feet
'I will be real good to her.' and she walked like a boy, and her feet
" When he was a month old we gave a were nearly as big as a boy's. Atflrstwe
big feast, and a barber shaved off every bit all made sport of W e n Shan, because she
of his hair. Oh! how pretty his little had been off to the Mission school, but she
white head was ! His black eyes looked as was so gentle and kind, we got ashamed
bright as buttons. They untied his body, to make her feel bad. One day I said,
and it was so funny to see his little hands 'Why don't you get angry and revile like
and feetflyaround! Our guests brought you used to do ? ' ' Because Jesus said,
money in big, red envelopes, and gave him " Love your enemies." ' ' Jesus! W h o is
many presents too. Grandma gave him a Jesus ? Is H e your teacher ? ' Then she
red cap all covered with brass images and told m e a beautiful story about her Jesus.
looking-glasses, because the devils get I did not believe it, but I liked to herr it,
scared and run away when they see them- all the same. W e all liked to look at her
selves in a glass. They put a chain doll and the pretty things that came from
around his neck and bracelets on his arms America, in a box, for the school. N o one
to keep the bad spirits away. W h e n I in our village ever saw such pretty things.
said, ' Grandma, why do you put a cat's Everybody went to see her home after she
head on his shoes ? ' she said, ' Why, don'ttrimmed it up with the bright picture
you know cats walk safely and never stum- cards. She called them ' Christmas cards.'
ble or fall, and I wish the boy may go She says, 'Christmas is Jesus' birthday,
safely through Ufe and always have a and the nicest day in all the year.' W e
Smooth road.' girls wish we could have Christmas in our
" Soon after this grandma bought band- village. She says the verses on the cards
ages nine feet long and she began to turn are Bible verses, and the Bible, she says,
my toes under and wind the long bandages is the book the true God has given us to
around m y feet. Tighter and tighter she help us to be good and please Him, so we
drew them, and when I could not bear it can go to heaven when we die.
and began to struggle and scream and kick, "When I told grandma she said, 'Ask W e n
she caUed m y father and m y mother to Shan to bring her Bible book over here
264 Monographs.

and read to me, I want to hear about her about Jesus. I can never read His Bible
Jesus G o d too.' W h e n W e n Shan came I book, but you can go, m y daughter, and
could see that grandma loved to hear her leam, and then you can tell me.' I was
talk about Jesus. W e n Shan seems to very anxious to go, for the cold weather
love her Jesus, but w e are afraid of our made m y feet sore, and I cried every time
gods, and sometimes I think her G o d I changed the bandages. At last m y
must be nicer than ours. N o w o m a n in father said, ' Oh, well; she is nothing but
our village can read. It is a wonderful a girl—let her go, I shall save rice by it.'
thing to hear her read quite as well as the So one day I started out on the little white
mandarins. One day she read where Jesus donkey for the Jesus school. M y heart
said H e was going away to prepare a great felt big and shaky, but I was glad to go.
many mansions and H e promised to come " It was a long ride to Tsunhua. When
again. Grandma said, ' That is very nice w e reached there the gatekeeper led us to
for the foreigners.' But W e n Shan, said, Miss Hale. She took us into her beauti-
' H e is heaven's Lord, our Heavenly Father; ful room and let us see the iron tailor sew,
w e are all His children. H e likes Chinese and we heard the organ make its beautiful
just as well as H e likes Americans.' ' D o noise, and then she showed us the girls'
you think there is a heaven for m e too °i' school. I began to see that I had reached
said grandma, 3nd her voice shook so, it heaven and looked around for grandma.
made m e feel very queer in m y heart. The girls looked very happy, skipping
' Yes, surely there is.' around on their big feet, and I was so glad
" After this I noticed that grandma did to be there too. But when m y father talked
not burn any more incense to the gods, and to Miss Hale about lea-ving me, her face
sometimes it seemed to m e she was talking grew very sad, and she said, ' I cannot take
with someone I could not see. W h e n the her; m y school is fuU! I have already
cold weather came she began to cough and turned away seven girls to-day.' ' Why'
grow weak, and one day I heard them say : said I, 'you must be mistaken, grandma
'She cannot live long ' M y mother bathed said there was room for all of us.' She put
her and put on her fine clothes, and the her arms around m e and said, ' Poor chUd,
priests came from the temple and beat I a m so sorry, but there is truly no room
their drums and gongs to scare away the for you. I have asked the kind friends in
devils that watch for the dying. Poor old America to send money to put up more
grandma opened her eyes and looked so rooms, for it costs one hundred dollars to
scared I could not look at her. build a room and thirty dollars a year to
" All at once she said : ' Send Ling Te to support a girl. If they will send it then I
that Jesus school.' Then she went off to can take you.'
sleep. About midnight she opened her " M y happy heart was turned to iron,
eyes and smUed so glad ! But she did not and m y words and teai's were all frozen up
see us. After the funeral mother talked to together! M y father led m e away out
m e a great deal about going to the Jesus through the gate. I did not think the
school. One day, when m y father could keeper would shut it in m y face, but he
not hear, she said, ' I want to know more did.
 Monographs. 265
" N o w I a m thinking all the time about others and reading the papers. I was ex-
those happy girls inside, while I a m shut pecting a decrease of business all last sum-
outside. I often see a hungry look on m y mer and fall, but it did not come, and at
mother's face, and she says to m e : ' Oh, the end of the year, to m y great surprise,
m y daughter, I did hope I was going to I found an actual increase of over twenty-
know about Jesus.' six per cent over any previous year. A n d
" I don't know h o w to pray to Jesus— our business for this year promises to make
I wish I did—but every night I say: nearly as large an increase over last year.
' Please, Jesus, ask your friends in America A business m a n always works a little
that have money to send some over here better with a stimulant than without one,
to China—enough to make a place for this and what better stimulant could he have
stupid girl, for oh! dear Jesus, it makes than a silent partner, w h o m he is very
m e feel so bad to be shut out.' anxious to please ? A n d will not such a
" F r o m the small, stupid child, stimulant have a tendency to improve his
"Wang Ling Tb." judgment, and make him a more careful, a
more industrious, and a better business
A BUSINESS MAN'S EXPERIENCE. m a n °l I mention this for the reason that
The following letter is taken from a I feel that it has had a great influence
tract, written to illustrate the advantage upon m y business life.
of giving forthe Lord's work on the Scrip- There have been times when I have had
tural plan: pledges mature, or have felt that I was
In reply to your favor, asking for a called upon to give to some good object,
business man's experience, I will say, first, when, at the same time, I have felt that I
that a good business m a n wants to know could not spare the money, and I have
where he stands in all his transactions, been frequently tempted to put off the
and in a matter involving not only life, but Lord's calls and attend to other pressing
eternity, he would not be apt to adopt a business obligations first. But there has
hap-hazard system, but one that would never been a case yet, where I have re-
give him all the light possible upon the sponded to His call at such a time, that
work entrusted to him. It seems to m e some unexpected way has not presented
that the only method of doing this is by itself to enable m e to take care of the
keeping an account; and I adopted the other obligations promptly.
plan several years ago. This account is These things that I have mentioned have
credited with one-tenth of m y income, and helped me, and if you think you can use
charges are m a d e against it for invest- them with profit, you are at liberty to pass
ments as they are made. If, at the end of them on as the experience of " a business
the year, m y investments for the Lord have m a n in a large city," w h o m you know.
exceeded m y tithes, I credit the account I have been obliged to write hastUy, for
with a free-will offering, to balance any the favors of m y "Silent Partner" keep
excess. m e very busy.
So far as business depression is con- Very truly yours,
cerned, I only k n o w of it from talking with October, 1894.
266 Monographs.
O U R ENEMIES' E N D O R S E M E N T .
Last Sabbath was spent in Suadia in
company with Brother Stewart, who
preached twice to small audiences. At this
time of year, on account of m a n y being
away on business or vacations, and owing
to there being a vacation in the boarding
sohool, hearers are fewer than in the full
blast of the work.
W e found the day schools—one for boys
and one for girls—doing good work, with
aboutfiftypupils on the rolls. The aver-
age attendance is about thirty-three each
day. A large per cent, of the day sohool
scholars came to the Sabbath-school, which
has been well conducted by the Bible
reader and other native teachers during
our absence.
The work that w e are doing is not with-
out some opposition. The opinion is often
expressed by missionaries that the chief
opposition to the introduction of evangel-
ical Christianity into Turkey comes, not
from the Moslems, but from the bigoted,
nominal Christians, like the Greeks, R o -
m a n Catholics and Jesuits. These blind
leaders of the blind arefierceagainst any
system of faith that fosters education and
imparts a knowledge of Scripture. Just
n o w this spirit is manifest against our
work in Suadia. The Metron (Bishop) of
Antioch, whose residence is in Latakia (in
the official report to the Czar it is spelled
Laodocea), is n o w in Suadia. Several
years ago he knew our Bible reader, M .
Hanna, w h o is a Pellah, one of that de-
spised race. It is not probable that this
minister of Christ (?), the Metron, would
permit M . Hanna to kiss his hand. Our
Bible reader, being a Fellah, is reckoned
by the government a Moslem Fellah yet,
and hence liable to conscription to the
army. T h e fact of being a Christian for
twenty years, and for m a n y years a Chris-
tian teacher, makes no difference. If seized
for army duty, he would be treated as the
lowest and most menial of slaves. H e has
escaped this terrible slavery all these
years. Whether this has been the wisest
course or not is a question with xn&ny pros
and cons. T h e general opinion is that if
he were taken now, he would be treated as
a deserter. T h e result is uncertain—be-
heading or army ser'vice for life, banish-
ment or w h a t — n o one knows. H e has an
inteUigent, Christian 'wife and a family of
seven, two of them being the orphan chU-
dren of his brother. This Metron sent
him word that if he did not cease his work
of proselyting (!) a m o n g the Greeks, he
would report him as a deserter from army
duty. Such a blow would be a great
calamity to him personaUy, to his family
and to our work. Brethren, in a land of
peace, do you appreciate your liberty?
Writing this word "Uberty" reminds m e
of an incident that shows h o w fanatical the
Turks are. T h e teacher w h o is now giving
us Arabic lessons translated a book from
English into Arabic some time since in
which the expression "Christian Uberty"
occurred frequently. W h e n the work was
sent to the Turkish censor of the press,
without whose permission no book can be
printed in Turkey, that worthy (?), inteUi-
gent C?) of&cial grew furious and denounced
the book as a treasonable production, in-
imical to the good order of the Ottoman
government. I ask again. D o you, in your
land of Bible liberty, thank G o d as we
ought for this great blessing? Will you
not realize your mercies more by praying
more faithfuUy for Turkey's miserable sub-
jects and by doing your full duty toward
 Monographs. 267
evangelizing her darkened people % Another preached to them, and that it was very
phase of this Metron's opposition is more hazardous to venture among them, because
subtle, and really more to be feared than of their murderous propensities. He
his violent threats. O n e of our members, was stirred with earnest desire to break
whose father is a Greek, came into our unto them the bread of life. H e went to
Church through the ministry of Mr. Easson. his lodging place, fell on his knees and
At one time he was in the employ of the pleaded for Divine direction. Arising
Mission as a colporteur. For reasons he is from his knees, he packed his valise, took
not n o w employed in this capacity, and, as his violin, with which he was accustomed
his income is rather precarious, he is really to sing, and his pilgrim staff, and started
susceptible to temptation of a kind that in the direction of the Macedonian cry.
contains a promise of wages. His educa- A s he bade his fellow missionaries fare-
tion and ability as a teacher make him a well, they said: " W e shall never see you
desirable proselyte if a possible one to the again. It is madness for you to go." But
Metron. So, for the past two years, the he said: "I must preach Jesus to them."
Metron has tried to induce him to enter Por two days he traveled, scarcely meet-
his service as a teacher of a Greek school ing a h u m a n being, until at last he found
in Suadia in opposition to our work. But himself in the mountains and suddenly
we are glad that he has withstood these surrounded by a crowd of savages. Every
temptations so far. W e pray that he m a y spear instantly pointed at his heart. H e
be kept from returning to wallowing in the expected that every m o m e n t would be his
last. Not knowing of any other resource,
mire. Pray for converts in Mission fields, he tried the power of singing the name of
and especially for those whose education Jesus to them. Drawing forth his violin
and training lifts them above the more he began with closed eyes to sing and play:
menial occupations, that they m a y exercise " All hail the power of Jesu's name!''
their faith against these subtle forms of Being afraid to open his eyes he sang on
till the third verse, and while singing the
aUurement, which are more invidious than
stanza, " Let every kindred, every tribe,',
open assault. Results are yet meager, but he opened his eyes to see what they were
the fact of 'vigorous opposition indicates a going to do, when lo! the spears had
definite efficiency in the work done. dropped from their hands, and the big
J. Boggs Dodds. tears were falling from their eyes ! They
afterwards invited him to their homes.
"CANNOT BUT." H e spent two and a half years a m o n g
them. His labors were so richly rewarded
Rev. E. P. Scott, while laboring as a that when he was compelled to leave them
missionary in India, saw on the street one because of impaired health, and return to
of the strangest-looking heathen his eyes his native country, they followed him for
had ever lit upon. O n inquiry, he found thirty miles. " O missionary,'' they said,
" come back to us again! " There are
that he was a representative of one of the
tribes beyond that never heard the Gospel.
inland tribes that lived away in the moun- H e could not resist their entreaties. After
tain districts, and that came d o w n once a visiting America, he went back again to
year to trade. U p o n further investigation, continue his labors, till he sank into the
he found that the Gospel had never been grave among them. Missionaries are often
th^ bravest m e n on earth.
268 Monographs.

N O T SAID A T CHICAGO. That ecclesiastical prostitution is part of

The Lone Star mentions a few points the system.
regarding Hindooism which were not That Hindooism teaches that a man's
brought out by its representatives at the future welfare depends more on his gifts
Parliament of Religions. W e give them to Brahniins and temples than upon his
here as a contribution to a complete dis- conduct in everyday life.
cussion. That sectarianism is about as rife in
That they owed the language in which India as in England or America.
they spoke, the courtesy received, their That with all his faults the average Hin-
very presence in Chicago to the Christian doo wiU entrust his interests many times
religion. more readily to the EngUshman than his
That they crossed no seas of milk, curds, fellow-countryman.
butter, alcohol, etc., on their way as their
sacred books assert they would. A MINISTER'S DREAM.
That, as their sacred books assert, there
is a mountain on the earth 1,000,000 miles The pastor dreamed that his church
high, and that trees grow on it 13,000 a stage-coach at the foot of a hiU, up which,
miles high. in the absence of horse-power, it feU to his
That it is impossible to conceive of any- lot to drag it up.
thing more opposed to the Fatherhood of S o m e of his officers and members bade
G o d or the brotherhood of m a n than the him be of good cheer, for they would aU
teachings of the Hindoo Scriptures. help. H e should guide the tongue; some
That the Hindoo, so careful of the life of of them would turn the wheels, others
a flea or a bedbug does not hesitate to push, and so together they should get it
starve his cow, beat his horse to death— up the hUl.
beat his wife—inflict the most inhuman . For awhUe the heavy coach moved
cruelty on his widowed relatives, or poison slowly, but surely, up. After a time, how-
his neighbor. ever, its weight seem to increase, tiU the
That Infanticide, Thuggism, Suttee, pastor, bringing the vehicle to a stand on
ChUd Sacrifice, Prostitution, and other rites thefirstridge, and turning the tongue to
too horrible to mention, either were or are prevent its slipping down, ran to see what
stUl essential parts of Hindooism. was the matter. A U the helpers, tired of
That in India holiness has nothing to do turning the wheels and pushing, had
with character, that the holiest m a n is jumped into the coach and were sitting in-
often thefilthiest,vilest and most igno- side!
rant m a n in the district. The pastor cannot drag the coach up all
That moral character forms no part of alone ! If ail wiU take hold, the heaviest
Hindoo Orthodoxy. coach wUl move up the roughest hiU.
That the most immoral profligate Hindoo Pastors have been encouraged to at-
is as good as his god or his Veda. tempt great things, and then have been
That carnivals of vice are held under the left when half-way up the hill.—Episcopal
auspices of Hindooism. Recorder.
 Editorial Notes. 269

EDITORIAL N O T E S .

—The Heeald of Mission News is eight the salary of " Pastors' Missionary" will be
years old. If it has been of any service to due on N e w Year's Day, or as soon after
the cause of foreign evangelism, all the that date as practicable. The foUowing
praise belongs to the Redeemer and Head brethren have already remitted for the
of the Church, without whose help the second year:
enterprise would have been a failure from Rev. J. R. W . Stevenson $15 00
its birth. Subscribers who have not paid P. H.Wylie 5 00
for the year that closes with this number, Londonderry, O.
are requested to do so without waiting for S. G. Connor 40 00
a formal notice ; and any who may wish to Hickory, O.
discontinue should send word at once, and S. R. Wallace 10 00
thus save the publisher unnecessary labor Syracuse, N. Y.
and expense. The names of those who are D. McKee (deceased) 15 00
in arrears for more than a year must be Clarinda, la.
removed from the mailing list. J. R. Latimer 5 00
Prompt renewals are expected for the Rose Point, Pa.
coming year. The friends of missionary I. 0. Bayles 5 00
work, who believe that this Journal is of W . Kortright, N. Y.
any value as an evangelistic agency, are J.C.Taylor 10 00
requested to commend it to their acquaint- E. Craftsbury, Vt.
ances, and in this way widen its influence.
To the foregoing amounts must be
The subscription price of only 50 cents a
added thirty dollars received from Clarinda,
year puts the missionary news of the
la., in memory of the late Mr. R. Ewing.
Church within the reach of every family.
Contributions will always be gladly received
—The special thanks of the Heeald of from brethren in the ministry who have
Mission News are due to brethren who not yet subscribed to this fund.
have contributed articles during the year,
—The elders, who pledged themselves at
giving their literary labors without fee or
the Synod of '92, are also reminded that
reward. SimUar favors will be looked for
the second payment for the support of their
in the future. It is such contributions,
missionary will be due Jan. 1, 1895. Two
rather than any editorial work, that give
of these brethren have already sent us their
the paper permanent value. The workers
contributions for the second year :
in Selma, on the Pacific Coast, and among
the Indians in Oklahoma Territory are also Mr. W m . Hogan $5 00
invited to send items of news from their " David Campbell 3 65
respective fields. Glenwood, Minn.

— T h e ministers of the Church are re- Once more all the elders of the Reformed
minded that the second payment towards Presbyterian Church are invited to sub-
270 Editorial Notes.

scribe an extra cent a day to this fund, Miss Lizzie J. Edgar 3 65

and thus enjoy the privilege of having a Linton, la.
representative in each of the three fields,Mrs. E d w m Chase 5 20
where our foreign missionary work is in Chureh St., N. S.
successful operation. " Mary J. Dunn 5 20
Quinter, Kan.
—The following remittances have been " R. J. George 5 20
already credited on our books to the Young Beaver FaUs, Pa.
W o m e n of the Church, to meet the salary Miss Lizzie E. Graham 3 65
of their missionary for a third year: Wyman, la.
Miss Maggie Brady $5 20 " Maggie B. Atchison 3 65
Moncton, N. B. Olathe, Kan.
" Lizzie Frazer 25 00 L. M. S., MiUer's Run Congregation 12 50
Newburgh, N. Y. Mrs. M. E. McKee 6 00
Miss Anna K. McKee 6 00
Mrs. Thomas Patton 3 40
Clarinda, la.
Coldenham, N. Y.
" Jennie B. Dodds 5 20
" W m . Connors... 1 00
Mersine, Turkey.
Miss Annie S. Lawson 1 00
Mrs. M. Josie WaUace 3 65
" Hattie Lawson 2 00
" Ellen DougaU 3 65
Barnesville, N. B.
" M. J. Scott 3 65
Mrs. Mary Slater 5 20 Miss Ella E. Scott.., 3 65
Misses Anna and Bessie M. Slater.. 3 65 Syracuse, N. Y.
Mrs. Burnside 5 20 " A m y J. Moffitt 5 20
Cannonsburgh, Pa. Chicago, IU.
Mrs. Jane E. Pitblado 5 20 " Mary E. Moffitt 5 00
Boston, Mass. Wilkinsburgh, Pa.
Miss Susie W . Wiggins 5 20 Mrs. J. C. Taylor 5 20
Philadelphia, Pa. E. Craftsbury, Vt.
Mrs. EUza T. Scott 5 20 To these sums must be added a thud
Primrose, Pa. contribution recently received from Mrs.
" Esther S. Gilmore, 5 20 M. B. Wright, of Waukesha, Wis., in mem-
West Lebanon, Pa. ory of her dear child, whom the Lord was
" Maggie McFarland (deceased). 12 50 pleased to call home three years ago.
St. Johns, N. B. The salary of the Youug Women's Mis-
Miss Rebecca H. McNeiU 12 50 sionary is not paid into the Foreign Mission
" Rebecca Porter 12 50 treasury till the summer of each year. But
3d New York, N. Y. the money promised for this purpose wUl
" Nellie Gray 12 50 be gladly received at any time, and duly
2d New York, N. Y. credited to the subscribers. In a matter
" Jennie Torrence 3 66
of this kind it is better to be too early than
Denison, Kan. too late.
 Editorial Notes. 271

— I n case m o n e y intended for either same. The chUdren,are stUl working with
of these three funds is not promptly us in this great missionary enterprise, and
acknowledged, or incorrectly reported we are glad.
in these columns, word should be sent
—One evening in November, at the close
immediately to the offlce of the H e e a l d
of a public service, a young m a n quietly
OF MISSION N E W S .
put into our hands an envelope containing
— W e thankfully acknowledge having the following letter:
received early in this month from Mr.
" Dbae Sib :
H u g h O'Neill, of N e w York, the sum of Enclosed pleasefindthe sum of twenty-
$1,000 for Tarsus Mission, m a k m g $11,000 one dollars. The same is a part of what
that he has generously contributed to the G o d has so graciously given to m e and
work in that field since the Mission was which I wish to and hereby return to Him.
estabUshed in 1883. Will you please devote it to that part or
— A letter received a few days ago from branch of Christ's work where you feel it
Mr. Walter McCarroll, of Geneva CoUege, will be most for the glory of G o d and the
informs us that the students of that insti- benefit of mankind.
tution have decided to have one or two Yours in Christ,
representatives in the foreign field. "It X. Y. Z."
was thought best," the writer says, " to
This free-wUl offering has been handed
devote one hundred dollars to supporting
to the treasurer to liquidate the debt on
a native helper in Syria. W e wish to the buildings in Suadia, Syria, as well as
know the name of the person w h o m we are sixty-two out of seventy-five dollars re-
to support and where he is working, in cently left on our table by Miss Nellie
order that w e may give, not only money, Gray, of 2d N e w York, for missionary
but our prayers for his success." It is also work. Further contributions are earnestly
intended to pay the salary of a native solicited for this purpose.
teacher in the N e w Hebrides, presumably
the fruit of Dr. J. G. Paton's visit to this — A letter in the Belfast Witness re-
country. It is very gratifying to hear, as ports the safe arrival in Melbourne of the
We do through various channels, of the venerable missionary. Rev. Dr. J. G. Paton.
missionary spirit that is manifested in At the meeting of the Federal Assembly of
Geneva College this winter. It fore- the Presbyterian churches of Australia and
shadows a day of awakened Christianity in Tasmania, he received an enthusiastic wel-
the churches. come. During his recent visit to America
and Britain, he secured for missionary
— N o t long ago, two dollars and sixty-
work in the N e w Hebrides the sum of
three cents were handed us as a contribu-
$125,000.
tion to the Cache Creek Mission, in Okla-
homa Territory, from Lydia and James A. — O n Sabbath afternoon, Dec. 2d, Miss
Mcllvaine's banks. This money has been Maggie B. Edgar, of Latakia, delivered an
forwarded to Mr. John T. Morton, treas- admirable address, in the 2d Churoh, N e w
urer, and w e hold his voucher for the York, on the work of our Mission in
272 Editorial Notes.
Syria. For forty minutes she held the
-attention of the audience, as in well-chosen
language she described the character of the
people among w h o m the work is carried on,
pointed out the obstacles that lie in the
way of success, and gave many touch-
ing illustrations which show that in that
field, as well as among ourselves, the Gos-
pel is the power of G o d unto salvation to
every one that believeth. Like all true
missionaries. Miss Edgar is earnest and un-
tiring in her efforts to create new interest in
the work that she represents, and, with the
blessing of God, her addresses, in different
parts of the Church, will not be without
fruit.
— L a s t month w e received from Miss
Belle Mcintosh, of Mt. Vernon, N. Y., the
sum of six dollars, for Dr. J. G. Paton, to
he credited as follows :
Personal $5 00
M y S. S. Boys 1 00
—We ask a careful reading for the item,
^'Northern Africa." O n June 11, 1894,
a Young People's Missionary Society was
organized in N e w York, with special refer-
ence to missionary work in the Soudan and
adjacent territories. The declared object
of the Society is to awaken interest in that
neglectedfield,which embraces one-seventh
of the population of the heathen world, and
to preach the Gospel there, in obedience
to the three-fold command of the Lord:
" Look on thefields,"" Pray ye," and
" G o ye.'' It is their purjDose to make
Aden a basis of operations on the East side
of the Soudan and the Cameroon Moun-
tains a basis on the West side; and from
these two iioints, which give access to the
country through healthy highlands and
non-malarious districts, to attack it on
both sides at once. In looking for means
to prosecute this work, the Society wiU
depend entirely up on the faithfulness and
promises of God, through the voluntary
gifts of His people The laborers chosen
for thefieldare to be m e n and w o m e n who
will "count it a privilege to labor for
Christ and a dying generation, and having
food and raiment, will be therewith con-
tent."
— A t the request of Dr. Kerr, Chairman
of the Executive Committee, we publish
the following information in regard to the
arrangements so far made for the Conven-
tion of Beformed Presbyterian Churches,
Scotland, June 27th to July 3d, 1896.
lochgoin: HOWIE MEMOBIAL.
Saturday, June 27th.—The monument
n o w being erected in m e m o r y of John
Howie will be inaugurated. Members of
Convention will be conveyed to Lochgoin.
MAETXE MEMOEIAL SEEMONS.
Sabbath, June 28th.—Special ser'riceswUl
be conducted by ministers of the Reformed
Presbyterian Churches of America and Ire-
land at the following places of martyr in-
terest : Arysmoss, Cameron's Monument;
Birthplace of Donald Cargill; Bothwell
Bridge; Cambusnethan Churchyard; Cath-
cart, Martyrs' Grave; Cross of Sanquhar;
Drumclog M o n u m e n t ; Greyfriars, Edin-
burgh ; Knox's Monument, Glasgow; Lan-
ark, Martyrs' M o n u m e n t ; Peden's Monu-
ment, Cumnock; Renwick's Monument,
Glencairn ; RuUion Green; St. Andrew's,
Martyr M o n u m e n t ; Stirling, Martyrs' Mon-
ument ; Wigtown Monument.
MEETINGS IN GLASGOW.
Tuesday, June 30th, 7 p. m.—Reception
social meeting. Addresses of welcome and
 Editorial Notes. 273
response by moderators of synods, dele- Britain. Rev, John M'Donald, B.D., Air-
gates, representatives, etc. drie.
Wednesday forenoon, July 1st, 10 a. m. Thursday afternoon, 3 to 6 p. m.—(1.)
to 1 p. M.—(1.) Statement and historical The duty and benefits of public covenant-
sketch of the distinctive principles of the ing. Rev. A. M . Moore, M.A., Geelong,
Reformed Presbyterian Church. Rev. J. W . Australia. (2.) The public covenants of
SprouU, D.D., AUegheny. (2.) The necessity the Scottish reformation. Rev. J. P.
for the present maintenance of the distinct- Struthers, M.A., Greenock. (3.) The con-
ive principles of the Reformed Presbyterian tinuing obligation of public covenants.
Church. Prof. W . J. Coleman, Pittsburgh. Prof. D. B. Willson, D.D., Allegheny. (4.)
(3.) Reformed Presbyterian literature The influence of the covenanted reforma-
(British). Prof. J. A. Chancellor, D.D., tion on civil and religious liberty. Rev.
Belfast. (4.) Reformed Presbyterian liter- WUliam Dick, M.A., Mulvin.
ature (American). Rev. J. C. M'Feeters, Thursday evening, 8 to 10 p. m.—(1.)
PhUadelphia. The law of Christ in relation to social
Wednesday afternoon, 3 to 6 p. m.—(1.) questions. Mr. John C. Dick, M.A., Lon-
The relation between the distinctive prin- donderry. (2.) Romanism: the foe of
ciples of the Reformed Presbyterian Churoh civil and religious liberty. Rev. D. Macal-
and personal religion. Rev. John Lynd, ister, D.D., LL.D., PUtsburgh. (3.) The
B.A., Belfast. (2.) Family reUgion and relation of the principles of the Reformed
the social prayer meeting in the life of the Presbyterian Church to missionary work.
Church. Prof. R. J. George, D.D, Pitts- Rev. R. M . SommerviUe, D.D., N e w York.
burgh. (3.) The psalmody of the Church. (4.) Resolutions: setting forth the appli-
Rev. S. G. Shaw, Ph.D., Walton. cations of the distinctive principles of the
Wednesday evening, 8 to 10 p. m.—(1.) Reformed Presbyterian Church to the great
The headship of Christ over the Church. questions of the times. Prepared by Revs.
Prof. James Dick, M.A., Ballymoney. (2.) D. Macalister, J. Lynd and J. Kerr—Dr.
The government and worship of the Macalister, Chairman. Farewell addresses.
Church. Rev. Robert Dunlop, Paisley. VISIT TO EDINBUEGH.
(3.) The attainments of the Church of the Friday, July 3d, 10 a. m. to 4 p. m.—Ex-
Scottish Reformation. Rev. James Kerr, cursion to Edinburgh, visiting Greyfriars,
D.D., Glasgow, (4.) The organic unity of The Grassmarket, Martyrs' Monument,
the Church. Rev. T. P. Stevenson, D.D., John K n o x House, The Castle, Holyrood,
Philadelphia. Tolbooth, Netherbow Port, M u s e u m of So-
Thursday forenoon, July 2d, 10 a. m. to 1 ciety of Antiquaries, etc.
p. M.—(1.) The dominion of Christ over Devotional exercises at all the meetings.
the nations. Rev. J. D. Houston, B.A., All papers and addresses will be limited in
Coleraine. (2.) Dissent from unscriptural time. Opportunities for general confer-
political systems. Rev. R. C. Wylie, Wil- ence wiU be given to members of Conven-
kinsburgh. (3.) National reform in the tion. The Executive have under considera-
United States. Rev. H . H . George, D.D., tion the collecting of memorials of cove-
Pittsburgh. (4.) National reform in Great nanting times for exhibition at the Con-
274 Editorial Notes.
vention, and also a meeting in Edinburgh
on the evening of Friday, July 3d.
" That in all things H e might have the
pre-eminence."
The object in all these arrangements is
to give prominence to that covenanted ref-
ormation which has conferred inestimable
benefits on the world; and the several
committees of our Church are convinced
that if a unanimous and enthusiastic effort
be put forth at this time, its effect will be
to deepen the spirituality of the Churoh,
raise a memorial to the heroes of covenant-
ing times, put honor on Christ as the
Saviour of men, and exalt H i m in His dig-
nity and power as Prince of the kings of
the earth.
" If this movement is to be made worthy
of such a supreme design, a large expendi-
ture must necessarily be incurred. The
various meetings must be well advertised;
the most suitable places of meeting must
be secured ; the programme of services and
addresses must be published in the leading
secular and religious papers; arrange-
ments must be made with the press for ex-
tensive reports ; and the various papers,
sermons and addresses must be presented
in a volume immediately thereafter, to
serve as a manual of instruction for in-
quirers, and as a manifesto to the world of
the attitude of the Church on the living ques-
tions of the hour—copies to be sent to
members of Congress and Parliament,
professors in coUeges, and editors of papers.
In short, all proper methods must bo
adopted to make this Convention the oc-
casion of a special forward movement on the
part of the Church in honor of her
Lord.
" The committees are satisfied that these
measures cannot be carried through with-
out a s u m of $2,000, and they are of opin-
ion that an appeal for this amount should
be m a d e at once, that the Executive may
be in a position to complete aU the neces-
sary arrangements without delay. The
duty has been laid upon m e of appeaUng,
in the n a m e of the committees, to the
members and friends of the Church to give
the whole proposal their most serious con-
sideration and signify their hearty sym-
pathy by their contributions.
" I therefore respectfully but most earn-
estly make the present appeal to members
and friends of the Church. The move-
ment will, I a m oertain, c o m m e n d itself to
you, and to every true-hearted Covenanter,
and caU forth the prayers and best efforts
of all for its success. I n determining the
amount of their contributions, members
and friends will bear in remembrance the
supreme significance of the movement, and
also that any balance, after the necessary
expenses, wiU be used in the interests of
the Church and the advancement of her
principles, as the joint committees may
direct. In this enterprise, undertaken in
the land of the Covenants, and unprece-
dented in the Church's history, the whole
Ghurch is on her trial—she is summoned
to come forth to the help of the Lord
against the mighty; and I a m confident
that the response to this appeal wUl evince
on the part of all her people a deep sense
of responsibUity and loyalty to her Lord."
—Special attention is called to the pro-
g r a m m e of the proposed convention of
Reformed Presbyterian Churches, and the
accompanying statement of the executive
committee. Every one must desire the
success of this movement. It will vividly
recaU the great principles for which our
witnessing fathers contended even to tbe
 Editorial Notes.
death, and give new strength, courage
and inspiration in the service of our en-
throned Redeemer. Probably two thou-
sand dollars will be needed to meet expenses,
and every one w h o endorses the enterprise
'wUl cheerfully contribute for this purpose;
and it would certainly relieve the brethren
who are charged with the responsibility of
making arrangements for the meeting from
a great deal of anxiety to receive these
offerings, whether large or small, at an
early day. All money orders should be
made payable to Dr. James Kerr, 19
Queen Square, Glasgow, Scotland.
MissioNAEv Liteeatuee.—The Fleming
H. ReveU Company, N e w York, 112 Fifth
Avenue, and Chicago, 148-150 Madison
Street, has sent us the foUowing books :
The Student Missionary Enterprise,
Price, $1.75.
This volume, of 373 pages, is a Report of
the Second International Convention of
the Student Volunteer Movement for For-
eign Missions, held in Detroit, Mich.,
Eebruary 28th to March 4, 1894. It
contains very instructive and stimulating
papers on such themes as " Paul, the
Great Missionary Example," " The Intel-
lectual Preparation of the Volunteers,"
" The M a n pf G o d and the W o r d of God,"
" The Evangelization of the World in this
Generation," etc.; while the addresses and
discussions are full of valuable suggestions
in regard to the various forms of evangel-
istic work.
A m o n g the Maoris, or Daybreak in
N e w Zealand. B y Jesse Page. Pp. 160.
Price, 75 cents.
"The purpose of this work," as the
author says, in his preface, " is with the
religious aspect of N e w Zealand almost
275
exclusively, and to reproduce from a past
of less than a century some scenes of early
labor for Christ, and the laborers them-
selves. A m o n g them two figures stand
out in bold relief—Samuel Marsden, the
pioneer missionary, and George Augustin
Selwyn, thefirstbishop." This book, like
others of the same series, wUl furnish
pleasant and profitable reading for those
w h o are intere"sted in missionary work.
South America, the Neglected Continent;
being an Account of the Mission Tour
ofi Rev. Q. G. Qriibb, M . A., and Party,
in 1893, with a Historical Sketch and
S u m m a r y of Missionary Enterprise in
these Vast Regions. B y E . C. Millard
and Lucy E . Guinness. Price, 75 cents.
This is a little volume of absorbing in-
terest, and evidently the result of a careful
study of all that has been published in
regard to the republics of South America.
It is written in a very attractive style,
beautifully illustrated, and brimful of facts
and statistics. N o one, as it seems to us,
can read the extract printed on page 250
without being convinced that the authors
have clearly established the claim of
South America to the prayers and prac-
tical sympathy of those w h o have been put
in trust with the Gospel. Here is a vast
field within easy reach, where millions are
perishing for lack of knowledge. Shall w e
not help to take possession of it for Christ
our Lord?
Othee Books.— The Noble Army of
Martyrs and Roll of Protestant Mission-
ary Martyrs, from A . D. 1661 to 1891.
B y James Crois, Montreal. Philadel-
phia : Presbyterian Board of Publication
and Sabbath School Work, 1334 Chestnut
Street.
276 Editorial Notes.
This volume begins with a reference to
the martyrs of the apostolic and early
ages. Then foUows a chapter on the wit-
nesses of the Reformation period, begin-
ning with John Wickliffe, w h o was b o m
in 1324, and including the story of the
Waldenses w h o so steadfastly resisted the
encroachments of Popery and were all but
destroyed in 1545. Another chapter is
occupied with the heroes of the Scottish
Covenants. In the second part of the
book w e have a long list of missionaries
w h o hazarded their Uves for the spread of
the Gospel. The author then briefly dis-
cusses the question : Have Missions been a
failure? A m o n g the testimony of eye-wit-
nesses he gives that of a " Canadian Elder,
w h o had amassed a fortune and was lib-
eral in his contributions to Poreign Mis-
sions. Having a keen eye to business, Mr.
Joseph M c K a y went in his old age to see
whether or not the money he had given
was a good investment. H e came home
thoroughly satisfied. ' F r o m personal ob-
servation,'he wrote, ' I feel that not one-
half is generally known of the great work
done by those, who, resigning almost all
that makes life precious, have devoted them-
selves to the service of G o d in heathen
lands.'" The book closes with an earnest
and impressive appeal for the enlargement
of missionary agency and an increase of
Christian liberality. "If," he asks, "there
are 80,000 ministers in the United States
for a population of 67,000,000, how many,
at the same rate, should be given to the
whole of the non-Christian world?" The
answer is : It should have 1,194,030 minis-
ters. A n d yet the number of Protestant
ordained missionaries, European, American
and native is about eight or nine thou-
sand, and the expenditure of aU missionary
societies is not m u c h over $10,000,000 an-
nuaUy.
The Pastor's Congregational Record.
B y Rev. G. S. Garson, B . A., Pictou,
N. S.
Through the courtesy of Mr. J. B.
Calkin, principal of the Normal School,
Truro, N . S., w e have received a copy of
this excellent Congregational Record. The
plan of the work is very simple, yet
complete, and in every respect adapted to
the purpose for which it has been pre-
pared. A novel feature gi'ving this Regis-
ter special value and marking its superi-
ority over other records of the same kind,
is the provision m a d e for preserving de-
taUed information regarding each family in
the congregation. O n a single page we
have names and addresses of parents, -with
blanks to indicate the date when they came
to the congregation, or were received into
its fellowship, removed or died; the Chris-
tian names of all the chUdren, with dates
of birth, baptism, reception into fuU com-
munion, marriage and death ; and a record
of all the pastoral visits m a d e to that fam-
ily in five years. Then follows a list of
single persons, not connected with famUies,
in the congregation, and a list of the sick,
with dates when visited. At the beginning
of the book there is an alphabetical index,
and at the close a general summary, which
shows at a glance the congregational sta-
tistics for each year, and gives a statement
of the pastoral work done during that
time. If this Record is carefully kept, it
wUl furnish a fuller and more accurate his-
tory of the congregation for a term of five
years than could be obtained in any other
way.
W e cordiaUy c o m m e n d the Pastor's Con-
gregational Record to the pastors of the
Reformed Presbyterian Church in the
United States and Canada. N o one who
has seen it would be without it. The orig-
inal publishers are A. & W . Mackinlay,
Halifax, N. S., where the book, bound in
whole leather, can be obtained for two
dollars ; and w e are glad to learn that the
Presbyterian Board of Publication wiU
issue an edition early in 1895.
 mttmrmm

>! »( iH ^'i* '"KM 'n ''''"''WV ,, ,,

No 1 iJ '

J. W. Pratt & Sou, Printers, 88 & 90 Gold St., N. Y. 363 W . B7th Street,
 C O N T E N T S

O U K -VaEWS O E MISSION W O E K : ^-i™

Effete Christianity '
Eev. G. M. Eobb.
Apostolic Po-wer • *^
Eev. J. M. Poster.
The Earth FUled with God's Glory 49
Eev. J. A. Black.
Inactive Disciples ''3
The Poreign Missionary CaU ^
Eev. Henry H. Jessup, D. D.
O n Evangelistic Worli 12'
Eev. J. W . F. Carlisle.
The Indians'First Communion ^57
Eev. E. J. George, D.D.
Thiree Missionary Ambitions 185
Eev. A. J. Gordon, D.D.
A statesman on Missions 205
The Saving Words of Christ 225
Eev. J. M. Foster.
Training a Native Ministry 345
Eev. Geo. Leslie MacKay, D.D.
ITEMS OP MISSIONAEY INTELLIGENCE:
Mersine 1, 52, 76, 10'3, 140, 189, 208, 281, 346
Latakia 1, 25, 55, 101, 162, 190, 207, 230, 349
Suadia 26, 76, 101, 163, 207,249
Cyprus 27, 77, 103, 164, 189, 208, 232, 249
The World ., 5
Mission of the Covenant to Israel 6,143
Sehua 7, 29, 83, 107
Eeports of L. M. S 29, 58, 84, 108, 167, 193, 211, 235, 264
India 6, 193
N e w Hebrides 27, 56, 79, 105, 165, 209, 232, 250
China 28,191,234,250
Formosa 56
Central Tiu'key 57
Africa 57, 106, 191, 210, 361
Antioch 78, 164
The Nile Valley 80
Syria 81,350
Denver 83
Egypt 104
 CONTENTS.
PASS
Cincinnati Hebrew Mission j07 144
Committee on Missions j25
Eeport of Foreign Mission Board jg6
" " Syrian Mission 132
" " Tarsus Mission 138
Extracts from Eeport of H o m e Missions , 141
Fiji Islands 167
Madagascar .' 310
N e w York 352
MONOGEAPHS:
Drumclog , 12
Fruit of Missionary Work 17
Mersine C. B. Society 31
Our Mission Schools in Turkey 31
Dr. Paton of Aniwa 34
Alexander Peden 35
Missionary Incidents , 41
Eenwick aud Glencann 60
The Waldensian Churoh 66
A Eemarkable Deliverance 69
Dufi's Bible 69
Closing Exercises of the Theological Seminary. 86
Saved as by Pire 89
Por the ChUdren 91,172
Openings aud Successes. The Churoh Transformed 92
" W e Have Just Been Cursing Tour Wife," 109
Our Work Ill
Christianity and Confucianism 112
Turkish Oppression of Nestorians 113
H o w Millions Die 113
The Soul Winner. What the Gospel Can Do 114
A Eemarkable Transformation 115
The Empress's Birthday Gift. A Noble Christian 116
True Bravery. A Good Confession 117
Self Support in Mission Churches 145
On Sabbath Schools • 148
"I WUl Lie if I Want To," 149
A Notable Negro Missionary. A Conclusive Answer. Life Preachiug 151
A Trip to Damascus 169
The Last Words of a Good Man. After Many Days 174
Opinion in China ^'^^
The Future in China. " TeU M e H o w I Can Blister M y Feet." The Secret of Thy Presence 176
Cllnio Incidents ^^^
Bread Cast Upon the Waters ^'^'^
W h y Tou Should Work for Poreign Missions 1^
Motive in Foreign Missions •'^
Take Courage ^^®
Oneiu Christ. Last Days ' ^^
The War inthe East ^^^
 CONTENTS.
JPAGE
Our Chinese Missionaries and their Wives 337
He ShaU Gather His 'Wheat into the Garner 338
"I Promised to Give Them the Message," 339
The Eeturned Backslider 254
Hoi for the Land of Sinim 255
PareweU 257
One in Christ 257
•Why She Gave to the Stranger '. 258
Moravians 258
The Power of Christianity 269
EDITOEIAL NOTES :
Kotes 19, 20, 48, 70, 93, 117, 152, 177, 801, 216, 240, 860
Special Contributions 45,46,71,94,118,155,263
Missionary Literature 20,48,72, 96,155,180,303,223,242,262

Cable telegram, received Tuesday, loth inst, at 9 o'clock A. M.,

announces the safe arrival of our Missionaries, R E V S . A. I. R O B B and
ELMER M c B U R N E Y , with their wives, at Hong Kong, China.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
January, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1895.

O U R V I E W S O F MISSION W O R K .

EFf'ETB CHBISTIANITY. ments, is doing now and what she did in

earlier and purer days.
Bev. G. M. Robb, New Alexandria, Pa.
From the many examples furnished us
Is it true that Christianity has become in the Acts of the Apostles let us choose
effete in this age ? Is its energy ex- Ephesus, and by comparing the progress
hausted so that it is no longer capable of of the Gospel there in thefirstcentury
producing great results ? with the progress the Gospel is making
It is altogether possible that a diyersity now, ascertain some true idea of the power
of answers 'will be given to this question of our Christianity now. Ephesus is a fair
by professing Christians, and even true example of Christianity wherever it went
disciples of Christ may differ widely in at that time. W e must take into account
their -views of this question. Many will not only its extensive power, but also its
probably say that Christianity is by no intensive. W e must consider not only its
means effete, and point with pride to breadth but its depth. W e must look at
what the Church is doing along the differ- it taking hold in one of the great centers
ent hues of reform, and in the many Mis- of idolatry, Ephesus, the seat of the great
sionfields.Tet, may it not be true that goddess Diana, and that boasted her mag-
our Christianity is very superficial, and the nificent temple, one of the seven wonders
results in no way commensurate with the of the world. W e must consider the
effort ? W e cannot reach any just conclu- spread of Christianity from this center
sion by merely looking at the Christianity through the whole of the province of Asia
of the present day, by comparing what the in two or three years. But we must no-
different denominations are doing with tice also the depth of the influence which
each other, or even by comparing what it exerted; it was not superficial, for it
they all are doing with the work to be overthrew the heathen mysteries. Many
done. This is only measuring ourselves who had practiced curious arts came out
by ourselves, and comparing ourselves and made public confession of their deeds,
among ourselves, which is not wise. and made a bonfire of the books which
But if we would reach a just and true contained the formulas by which they
answer to this question we should institute wrought their infernal arts. W e have
a comparison between what the Church, some approach to this in the Mission
with her numerical strength and equip- fields, or rather in a few of them at the
 Our Views of Mission Work.
present time, but nothing like this is pro-
duced by Christianity as w e see it at
home. Instead of a little colony of Chris-
tians in a great and idolatrous city not
only extending their influence into all the
surrounding province, but actually trans-
forming that great city, w e have thou-
sands of churches both in city and country
all over this land and Christians by the
ten thousand, perhaps half the population
nominally Christian, and yet unable to
hold in check the wickedness of the other
half. There is something -wrong with our
Christianity—it is effete.
W h a t is the cause! Certainly not that
the Gospel has ceased to be the power of
G o d unto salvation. The pure Gospel of
Christ is just as mighty to-day as in Paul's
day. Certainly not because the Gospel is
not adapted to h u m a n needs. Christ's
Gospel, like Himself, is the same yester-
day, to-day, and forever. It is as m u c h
ad'apted to h u m a n needs n o w as when the
M a n of Galilee walked this earth and
talked with men. Then multitudes crowded
about Him, followed H i m out by the lake
to hear His words, thronged the house and
filled the street w h e n H e taught in the
city. The c o m m o n people heard H i m
gladly and all m e n were seeking Him. It
is not so now, but the Gospel is not to
blame. Certainly not because Christ has
forgotten His promises to give the .Spirit
to accompany the W o r d and apply it to
the hearts of sinners with the demonstra-
tion of the Spirit and with power. N o ,
Christ's infallible promise was, " Lo, I a m
with you alway, even unto the end of the
world."
The cause is in Christians themselves.
Not so m u c h that there are so few Chris-
tians but that the quality is so bad. The
tone of Christianity is so low, the spiritual
life so weak, that it exerts but little in-
fluence. Christians really regard Chris-
tianity as a philosophy instead of a life,
something to be admired and talked about
instead of something to be believed and
practiced.
Ministers reason and philosophize about
the Gospel and talk about sinners instead
of stating the facts of the Gospel, and
pressing these facts upon sinners. They
should preach the Gospel to them instead
of about them. But the great trouble is
that Christians have not the Holy Spiiit
and, consequently, exert but little influence.
M a n y good Christians wonder 'why Chris-
tianity as it exists a m o n g us is produciag
so little effect, and especially w h y they,
themselves, are able to do so little. They
work hard, m a k e a great effort, but the re-
sults are feeble. Is it not true that the
great majority of true Christians think that
because they are converted they are there-
fore fitted to do Christian work? Noth-
ing is farther fi-om the truth, unless that
an unconverted m a n is better fitted to do
the Lord's work than a converted one.
The fact is that conversion does notfita
m a n to do the Lord's work. The gift of
the Spirit, power fi-om on high, is the in-
dispensable requisite. But some one says
— a m a n must receive the Spirit to be con-
verted. That is true, but there is another
gift of the Spirit which a m a n must have
before he can be fitted for service. The
apostles and disciples w h o beheld the as-
cension of Christ were His disciples and
m a n y of them had been disciples for some
time. They were converted people, but
they were not thereby fitted to do the
Lord's work. N o , Christ said to them,
" T e are witnesses of these things." "But
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem until ye Christianity is so weak. Christians are

be endued with power from on high."
Christ knew that though they were con-
verted they were not prepared to be His
witnesses until they received the baptism
of the Spirit for service. -And this is the
more evident from Acts 1 : 8 : " But ye
shall receive power after that the Holy
Ghost is come upon you, and ye shall be
witnesses unto m e both in Jerusalem, and
in all Judea, and in Samaria, and unto the
uttermost part of the earth." Here Christ
expressly says that it is by this gift of the
Holy Spirit that they are to receive the
power to be His witnesses. N o wonder
trying to be Christ's witnesses when they
are notfittedfor it. They have only re-
ceived the Spirit for their o w n conversion,
but the Spirit for service is a distinct and
separate gift. This they have never re-
ceived by which alone they can be quali-
fled to be Christ's witnesses, and so their
testimony for Christ produces but little
effect. T h e thing for Christians to do is
to begin at once seeking this baptism of
power. T h e Church will never be any
stronger until Christians obtain this bap-
tism of the Spirit.

ITEMS O F M I S S I O N A R Y INTELLIGENCE.

ABEOAD. with good attendance. The Doctor bap-

tized a Fellah iast Sabbath week. H e is a
Meesme, Asia Minor.—A letter frombrother of that S u h m a n w h o joined the
Miss Evadna M . Sterrett, dated November Church some years ago, and w h o supports
3, 1894, contains the following items in himself by teaching without any salary
regard to Tarsus Mission: from us. H e has taught his sister's son
W e have twenty-five boys and twenty- to read and is sending him out to read to
four girls in the school now, and expect to people as he does himself when not en-
take a few more. W e are keeping some gaged in teaching. Perhaps there will be
places for Fellaheen if w e can get them. It fruit some time.
seems a hard task to persuade them that
our efforts in their behalf are entirely un- Latakia, Syeia.—A November letter
selfish. There are two n e w Fellaheen in from Kev. James S. Stewart gives the follow-
school, one boy and one girl from Tarsus. ing very interesting account of Communion
There are about twenty day pupils, boys Services at Latakia:
and girls, three little Moslem girls among Our C o m m u n i o n was held November 4th.
the number. T h e two day schools in The services were preceded by famdy visit-
town have respectively fifteen and twenty ation and catechising, and on Friday and
regular pupils. Their numbers are always Saturday the usual preparatory exercises
fluctuating. The pupils in one of them are were held. O n Friday morning I preached
nearly all Fellaheen. It is in a n e w from Ex. 34: 6, 7, and tried to show how a
quarter, and Mr. Dodds has been holding view of the Divine character, especially
Friday evening prayer-meetings there God's power, justice and mercy, should
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
humble us, and also lead us anew to seek
the cross of Christ where alone mercy is
to be found. At two o'clock in the after-
noon a prayer-meeting was held, at the
close of which the Session met, examined
and received two young persons w h o had
applied for membership.
O n e is a young m a n of about twenty one
years of age w h o seven or eight years ago
spent a short time in our boys' school,
where he heard the Gospel. H e has
waited so many years before making a pro-
fession in order to be more certain that
he was making no mistake in becoming a
Protestant. His h o m e is near Metn. Dur-
ing the persecutions of 1S60, his father's
family were driven from their village, some
of their relatives were killed, and they also
lost their property. The young m a n has
recovered enough of it to enable him to
live comfortably. H e has a good knowl-
edge of the truth, and gives promise of be-
ing an honorable and useful disciple. The
other applicant is a young girl of the An-
sairia, w h o has been for some years a ser-
vant in the family of one of our teachers.
Her knowledge is exceedingly limited, but
her conduct is excellent, and about two
years ago she withstood the efforts of the
Muttaserrif to induce her to become a
Moslem. Notwithstanding his threats of
personal violence and offers of money, she
stoutly affirmed that she was and would
be a Protestant, and n o w she has become
one.
Besides these persons two backsHders
were reclaimed. O n Saturday, Salim Had-
dad preached from the parable of the
Marriage Feast, and I explained the terms
of Oommunion and baptized Sadah, the
girl before mentioned, and two children of
members; at the close the Session dis-
tributed tokens of admission to the Lord's
table.
Sabbath morning there were heavy
rains, but no one seemed to be hindered
by them from attending church. After
the Sabbath-school Takob Juraidiney
preached from the words, " Behold the
L a m b ot God, which taketh away the sin
of the world! " T h e sermon was exceed-
ingly appropriate, and one of the best I
have ever heard him preach. I conducted
the debarring and iu'viting service, after
which, during the singing of the 24th
Psalm, the whole number of communicants
present (65) seated themselves about the
table or immediately in the rear, and all
c o m m u n e d at one time.
O n M o n d a y morning I preached from
the words, " T h y kingdom come," being
one of a series of sermons on the Lord's
Prayer. It was a precious season of com-
munion to me, and others have testified to
the same effect. I could not help but feel
that m a n y friends in the h o m e Church were
praying for us, for the outpouring of the
Spirit, and the speedy coming of the king-
d o m of Christ in this dark land. Brethren,
pray for us, that the W o r d of the Lord
m a y have free course and be glorifled.
Notwithstanding m a n y discouragements,
w e have great and manifest reason to
thank G o d and take courage. God is
waiting to be gracious to us if only our
weak faith and our ingratitude would per-
mit H i m to work. If G o d permit, a second
communion wdl be held in Latakia next
spring, as there seems to be no good rea-
son why the people here may not enjoy
this great privilege more than once a year,
according to the custom hitherto.
Suadia, Syria.—Late letters report the
work in this field in a satisfactory condi-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

tion. At the C o m m u n i o n on Sabbath, No- one hundred members ; to-day they have
vember 18th, two m e n were received into nearly three thousand. Mr. Duthie, of the
the fellowship of the Church. London Mission, at Nagarcoil, represents a
Christian community of sixty thousand,
India.—A Canadian missionary writes as with 268 congregations that for over
follows to the Toronto Presbyterian Re- thirty years have received nothing from
view in regard to the B o m b a y Decennial home. Another veteran said that twenty-
Missionary Conference: four years ago he was in charge of a con-
F r o m every part of thefieldcame cheer- gregation of converted thieves. It was
ing news. F r o m all sides w e were told of hard and discouraging work. To-day no
large numbers, sometimes whole villages finer congregation can be found in North
or castes, that had lost faith in their old India, not a trace is seen of their old posi-
systems and seemed to be turning towards tion, and not a few of the children are their
Christianity. T h e low-caste people seem best workers.
especially to have come under the Spirit's
power. O n e told us of a sweeper caste The Wobld.—It is estimated that the
(the sweepers are a very low caste), n o w population of the heathen world amounts
head master of one of the most important to over a thousand miUions, or 250 times
and successful of the high schools of the the population of London. Five abreast,
Methodist Episcopal Church in India, in a yard apart, these would make a proces-
whieh the Brahmans are glad to get a seat. sion 113,636 miles long. In congregations
Dr. Kerry, of Calcutta, told of a 'village of 500 each they would fill 2,000,000
community of over two thousand Chris- churches or chapels. Reckoning the aver-
tians, amongst w h o m , when a few years age life of a generation at thirty years,
ago the work began, and one hundred wer& 33,333,333 die every year, 91,324 every
baptized, the committee at Calcutta were day, 3,805 every hour, and 317 every min-
so suspicious of the movement that they ute. Allowing 5 yards for each funeral,
sent out a deputation to inquire into it.' they would form a daily funeral procession
The deputation asked them a great m a n y nearly 260 miles long. In the solemn,
questions, and not receiving satisfactory thrilling words of Mrs. Isabella Bird
answers, were about to condemn the whole Bishop, F.R.G.S., the celebrated traveler,
movement, w h e n an old m a n arose and " These millions pass annually in one
said: " W e cannot answer your questions, ghastly, reproachful, mournful procession
sir, but w e can pray; let us pray,'' and into Christless graves. They are dying so
suiting the action to the word, prayed in very fast! In China alone, taking the
such a way as moved the whole deputation lowest computation of the population that
to tears. Another said: " There is general has been given, it is estimated that 1,400
belief among Hindus that their religion is die every hour, and that in this one day
doomed, and a m o n g the low castes espe- 33,000 Chinese have passed beyond our
cially, that Christianity is their only hope." reach. A n d if this meeting were to agree
In the Church of Scotland Mission on the to send a missionary to-morrow to China,
Himalayas, ten years ago they had about before he could reach Chinese shores one
 Items of Missionary Intelligence,

and a half millions of souls would have had been a reader of the story of the Cross,
passed from this world into eternity. wondering, admiring, praying, but with no
Nineteen centuries have passed away and one to teach him, groping all the time in
only one-third of the population of our darkness. O n coming to the Mission, he
earth is even nominally Christian." A s re-found a teacher and encouragement, and
gards the number of laborers in the h o m ediscovered his duty to acknowledge his
and foreignfield,it is estimated that out Saviour. T o do this was a trial. H e was
of every thousand, nine hundred and ninety-employed by an orthodox Jew, recei-ving
nine remain at home, and only one is sent two dollars per day. H e k n e w his baptism
into the foreign field. W e r e London a would cost him his situation. W h a t could
heathen city, and treated in the same way he do ? H e had a wife andfivechildren to
as m a n y benighted nations are treated bysupport. T h e times are hard, and thou-
us, it would not have more than a dozen sands of m e n are waiting for a vacancy.
ministers of the Gospel. Or were the H e had no hope of other work. W e could
country districts no better supplied with give him no promise of support, as that
ministers than India or China, there would might seem like a carnal inducement. W e
be only one to a city like Birmingham, watched with deep interest the struggle of
Liverpool or Manchester ; or to an aver- faith, only saying that Jesus required His
aged-sized English county. In the Prov- disciples to profess H i m at any cost, and
ince of Orissa there are twenty thousand trust to H i m for then- support. Faith
villages of between three and four hundred triumphed. H e has been discharged. The
people each on the average, in which there future, dark 'with poverty, is not so dark as
is neither preacher nor teacher. " T h e it was with ample wages, for the light of
harvest truly is plenteous, but the laborers
the glory of the Lordfillsit. H e seems
are few.'' As regards our pecuniary con- happy. H e is a m a n of energy and spirit.
tributions to religious and benevolent ob- His search for work is commendable, and
jects, it is estimated that ninety-five w e pray the Lord that a door m a y soon be
pounds out of every hundred are expended opened for him. T h e blessed Saviour 'will
upon h o m e schemes, and only five pounds not break tbe bruised reed, nor quench the
out of every hundred are devoted to For- smoking flax. His wife and children are
eign Missions. — Baptist Missionaryin Russia, but bave been provided with
Herald. tickets and money, of his o w n earning, suf-
ficient to come here. W e expect tbem
AT HOME.
soon. H e says that his wife is also a
Mission ov the Covekant to Isbael. Christian in spirit. H e thinks she 'will ap-
The first to embrace the faith of Jesus ply for admission to the Church soon as
Christ through baptism in this Mission is the Mission m a y think her ready.
Mr. Nathan Feinberg. H e was baptized Our school room is full at nearly every
in the presence of our congregation on the meeting ; hundreds of families have opened
first Sabbath of November. H e is a m a n their doors for visits with books, tracts,
of deep earnest mind, well acquainted and papers, w h d e father, mother and chil-
with the N e w Testament. Three years he dren listen to the story of Jesus, ever new
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

and wonderful to many of them, though not, we trust, by the hand of oblivion, but
not to all. W e hope the covenanted by the Holy Spirit; and as we now take a
Church will remember them at the throne look backward, to recall the work accom-
of God, and will lay to heart the work plished, it is with all humility, conscious of
among Israel. Had we the means much so much that is left undone.
more could be done; but we try to wait Our anniversary was held in November,
upon God, and trust H i m to provide for His 1893, in connection with the two Junior C.
own work, moving the hearts of His people E. Bands. After the reports of Treasurer
'with impulses, yea, passions of love. W e and Secretary were read the evening was
find many poor, ragged, miserable families,given up to the Juniors, who also read their
yet with bright promising children. Our reports, and gave numerous readings and
Sabbath-schoolfillsthe room from wall to recitations, and the evening was spent not
wall, and all are Jews. The young people only pleasantly, but we trust with profit
of the three congregations, to the number to all.
of forty orfifty,are steady and devoted in In speaking of the T. P. S. C. E. and the
the work, taking it in turn, so as to relieve Junior Bands, one of the latter working for
each other. the Fort Sill Mission and the other for
J. C. McFeetebs. the Selma Mission, we would say, with
Philadelphia, Pa. Paul, that we have no greater joy than to
know that our children are walking in the
Selma, Ala.—This month, December, truth. They are growing, not so much in
we have enrolled 265 pupils. Our lower numbers, as in spiritual strength and mis-
grades are quite crowded, notwithstanding sionary zeal.
the new room opened this fall. The pros- W e have held twelve (12) regular meet-
pects are good for quite a number of new ings during the year, with an average
ones after the holidays. Our vacation be- attendance of twelve members. These
gins 'with December the 21st, and continues meetings have been made very interesting
for ten days. Through the kindness of and instructive by reading items of news
our Northern friends, we are able to give from Heeald op Mission News, R. P. <& C.
most of the children a package of clothing and China's Millions and other missionary
at holiday time. At our Communion on papers; also, by letters from the China
December 2d, forty-eight communed. Inland Mission Prayer Union, written by
(Miss) Mabgaeet MoCaktnby. the workers in thefleldof China. W e
Knox Academy. have also received letters from Miss Jennie
B. Dodds, of Mersine, Asia Minor, and Miss
Newbuegh, N. T.—Annual report of the Lizzie McNaughton, of Latakia, Syria,
L. M. S. of First R. P. Church: which have been answered by the Secretary.
Deab Friends and Members of the L. M. These letters coming, as they do, direct
S.: Another year in the life of our soci- from the Mission flelds, are full of
ety is with the past, with all its hopes and interest, and bring us into closer touch
fears, its prayers and labors, earnest de- with our workers there, and call forth
sires and God-given motives, forever sealed. more earnest prayer on their behalf and
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
for those w h o m they are trying to bring
into the Kingdom of Christ.
At our January meeting some new work
came before us, namely, that of furnishing
district visitors to aid the Associated Char-
ities in giving relief to the worthy poor.
Eight of our members volunteered, and
were given their appointments subse-
quently at a meeting of the Associated
Charities. M a n y families were visited and
relief given. This was the means of giv-
ing us a deeper interest in the lives of
those around us, calling forth our Chris-
tian sympathy for the suffering and needy
ones, many of w h o m w e found not only
destitute of food and clothing, but of the
Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ.
At our February meeting it was decided
that w e purchase mite boxes, to place in
the homes of the congregation, as many as
would receive them. Nearly all of these
were distributed by the district collectors,
and Treasurer's report will show the results.
Our Chinese School has been open every
Sabbath evening, with the exception of six
weeks in summer. This is really a place
for seed sowing, as many of our scholars
do not stay long enough with us to bear
fruit, but w e hear reports from those who
leave us, which give to us much cause for
praise to our Heavenly Father, and the
Master will gather the sheaves by and by.
Then shall be our day of rejoicing. W e
have an average attendance of nine schol-
ars. They have contributed during the
past year $41.14 to the China Inland
Mission.
Truly w e can say, hitherto the Lord hath
helped us. H e has blessed us in m a n y
ways—in the improved health of our be-
loved President (Mrs. Carlisle), so that she
has been able to preside at all our meet-
ings, 'with one exception; also in His care
over our members, so that none have been
removed by the hand of death, and in work-
ing with us and in us, to will and to do of
His good pleasure. W e have been led by
the Holy Spirit to see the great needs of
the heathen world, to have a deeper love
for the perishing ones, w h o know not of
the Saviour's love.
The past is behind us, the future is be-
fore, the present only is ours. The harvest
truly is great, but the laborers are few.
Let us pray as never before, with all earn-
estness and 'with strong faith in His prom-
ises, to the Lord of the harvest, that H e
m a y thrust forth laborers into His harvest.
The Gospel must first be preached as a
witness to all nations before the coming of
Christ's K i n g d o m in power and glory.
So our Master told His disciples, and
gave the command, " G o ye into all the
world and preach the Gospel to every creat-
ure." This c o m m a n d is to us just as
really as to them, and the responsibility
rests on each one of us w h o have professed
His name. Can it be said of us, "She
hath done what she could'? "
W e need a baptism of the Holy Spirit to-
day, that the great work of Missions, both
h o m e and abroad, m a y be carried on with
greater earnestness and zeal, that the
prayer. T h y K i n g d o m come, may be
answered speedily, so that Christ may
soon come, and " the kingdoms of this
world become the kingdoms of our
Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ,'' when " the
whole earth shall befilled'with the glory
of the Lord as the waters cover the sea."
Oh, let us pray earnestly that w e may be
sofilledwith the Holy Spirit that w e may
labor according to His working, which
worketh in us mightily.
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 9

Tune is short. Souls are dying. The elected president, and presided with her
King's business demands haste. well-known grace. T h e convention was
The same Macedonian cry is still heard '
Prom landsferover the sea,
The Master is saying to us, " Go ye, or send,
For, lo I I am always with thee."
, ^ , ^ .. . ._, X,, ,. ^.
Then let us hasten to give them the light,
And labor, and watch, and pray,
Till in Heaven we shall see Him, where all is so Edgar, of the Syrian Mission. Miss Edgar
hright,
la that glorious eternal day.
Lizzie Feazbe,
Oct. 11, 1894. Secretary.
tbeasubbk's BEPOET.
Received for members' fees $10 50
Received from district collectors.. 30 97
Received from monthly collections. 14 43
Received from members 12 82
J) nation 10 00
m ,1 Yg rj2
OoUectedinSabbath-schooL',*".'.'.'. 302 76
rp , , <RQ«i 4.ft
™ rn ' '' x -i^''' V c - m ' '•''
To Treasurer of Board of Foreign
j^ygg-Qj^g 381 48
^''' ,„*
Susie Wilson,
rr
Treasurer
Moening Sun, Iowa.—The Presbyterial
Missionary Society of Iowa Presbytery met
m Sharon Church, Aug. 23, 1894. T h e
retking president, Mrs. C. D. Trumbull,
opened the convention with devotional ex-
ercises. Mrs. T. P. R o b b gave a neat and
cheering address of welcome, to which
E m m a Cunningham, of Morning Sun, re-
sponded in behalf of the Society. Thir-
teen delegates responded to then- names at
roll-call. All members present from the
different societies were m a d e delegates of
the convention. Mrs. T. P. E o b b was
^'^^°^«'^ ^^^^ *^« presence of and cheering
words of Rev. George Edgar, of Olathe ;
Rev. McFeeters, Rev. Marshall, of the
Presbyterian Church of MediapoHs, Iowa ;
Rev. Jackson, of the U. P. Church of Morn-
.
^^S S^^^^' '^''^ ^"^^ Trumbull and Miss
gave a most interesting address at the
evening session — her words and sweet
Christian manners w o n the hearts of all.
Her influence among us will not soon die
away. Rev. McFeeters gave a stirring ad-
"^"^^^^ °^ ^^^ '^^^is^ ^^««i°^ ^"^ Philadel-
P^^^' ^^'^ earnestly asked the prayers and
^^^ °f *^^ missionary societies of Iowa
I'l-SBbytery for the conversion of the Jews.
^ letter from Moses Greenburg, w h o is re-
membered kindly by m a n y here, was read.
The Presbyterial fund ($77.50) was devoted
*« ^^^ ^^^^^^ Missions, to be equally
divided between Cincinnati and Philadel-
phia. A letter of invitation to send dele-
gates to the tenth anniversary of the Pitts-
f , -^ , , , , r^ • , -, -r
^"^^^^ Presbyterial Society was read. In
appreciation of the kind remembrance of
^^ • ^ .u .- j -j a ^
our society, the convention decided to
•" ,-> , ,
make any of the ladies of our Presbytery
w h o might be going East in the spring a
delegate to the convention. T h e children
of the Mission Band of Sharon gave two
very interesting exercises. Their childish
artlessness and modesty reminded one of
the Di-vine commendation, " Out of the
mouths of children Thou hast perfect
praise." A double quartette from Sharon
congregation dehghted us with then ren-
dition of three anthems. The society meets
at Hopkinton next fall. T h e following is a
condensed report of the Society of Iowa
Presbytery:
10 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

r, MEMBEE'- Tot.Amt. Av. And may it be said of each of us at the

Society. Contkib. At. last: " She hath done what she could."
SHIP. 1104.28 7 Mrs. T. McCloskey,
Sharon 3.5 12.00 5 Secretary.
Hickory Grove 10
103.21 8 Mrs. j. M. Foster,
Hopkinton 33
Washington 17 18.75 8^ President.
(barrel and box)
Lake Reno 10 10.00 5 Treasurer's report for the year ending
Morning Sun 38 109.45 18 November 1, 1894:
Wyman 20 97.83 8.^ EECEIPTS.
Presbyterial Pund.. 77.50
Balance from last year $14 44
No. Societies 8 $533.02 59 Collections 26 64
E. C, Sec. Donation 10 00

Boston, Mass.—Second annual report of 151 08

the L. M. S. of the 2d R. P. Congrega- DISBURSEMENTS.
tion: Expenses of Society $3 00
The society, during the year ending No- A needy brother 5 00
vember 1st, has held twelve regular meet- Freight on barrel of clothing to
ings and one called meeting. W e have a Southern Mission 1 25
membership of fourteen, with an average
attendance of six. $ 9 25
Our custom is to open and close the $51 08
meeting with devotional exercises, the in- 9 25
terval being taken up in reading appropri-
ate selections on Mission work, and attend- Balance in treasury Nov. 1, 1894.. .$41 83
ing to any business that may come before Mrs. P. Deeksen,
us; also in visiting the siek and speaking Treasurer.
to strangers who may come to the church.
W e also prepared a barrel of clothing for Pittsburgh, Pa.—At the ninth annual
the Southern Mission, which was sent Oc- meeting of the Women's Missionary So-
tober 13th. As we enter upon the work ciety of Pittsburgh Presbytery, the foUo'w-
of another year, we trust that God's bless- ing plan of work was adopted for the en-
ing may rest upon our efforts, and that as suing year:
the years go by, with loving hearts and Report op Committee on Plan of Work.
willing hands we may work for the spread I. W e would recommend and urge that
of the Gospel. all members of Executive Committee make
And may we each one consecrate our- it a matter of special effort to be prompt
selves anew and seek to be more active and in their attendance at all meetings of Ex-
willing to spend and be spent in the ser- ecutive Committee.
vice of Christ, feeling that it is more II. That all local societies hold an an-
blessed to give than to receive. nual missionary conference immediately
 Items of Missionary InteUigence.
before the thank-offering be asked in or-
der to bring all of our Missions, their con-
ditions and needs, before our people, that
the offerings m a y be given where most
needed, and increased interest in all our
Missions be awakened.
III. That where practicable our societies
take up Mission Sabbath-school work and
where possible place a local missionary in
the fleld.
IV. That our societies remember that
the Indian Mission is our special charge
and make it a matter of conscience to pay
as the Lord hath prospered and as w e
have promised to pay, and urge our soci-
eties to pay pledges to Presbyterial as
early in the year as convenient.
W e rejoice in the prospect of the en-
largement of our work in this fleld.
V. T o request Synod to ask the children
of the Church to work this coming year
for an Industrial Department at the South-
ern Mission, in addition to the church
buildings still not completed.
The birthday offering has been tried and
proven to work admirably both in Mission
and Congregational Sabbath-schools. The
children have a bank and each Sabbath
day every child w h o has had a birthday
during the week is permitted to place in
the bank a penny to number each year;
this includes all members of the school.
Respectfully submitted by committee,
Mrs. j. S. Maetin, Newcastle,
Chairman.
Mrs. M. S. Gibson.
Mrs. S. M. Obk.
At a later meeting of the Executive
Committee it was resolved, " That tbe cor-
responding secretary write to the different
Presbyterial Societies inviting them to
11
meet with us at our tenth anniversary, with
a view to forming a Synodical Society."
Pittsburgh, Pa.—The Ladies' Mission-
ary Society of Eighth Street Pittsburgh
Congregation desire to place on record a
tribute of love and respect and an expres-
sion of their deep sense of loss in the
death of Mrs. Margaret Mawhinney, w h o
entered into her heavenly inheritance July
28, 1894, in the eighty-sixth year of her
age.
Mrs. Mawhinney was connected with
the Pittsburgh Congregation from its or-
ganization in 1865 until her death. She
was also a m e m b e r of this society from the
time of its organization. During all these
m a n y years her uniform character was that
of an earnest, active, generous, and in
every way, a consistent follower of the
Sa'viour in w h o m she trusted. Even in
the weakness of advanced years, she was
found regularly in her accustomed place
in God's house. She manifested a deep
and flrm attachment to the principles of
her profession, and was a loyal supporter
of all missionary and reform work, espe-
cially all such causes as have in 'view the
honor of the King of Kings. She was a
w a r m friend of the oppressed and down-
trodden. She has left us a noble example.
While w e mourn the absence of the aged
Mother in Israel, w e tender our deepest
sympathies to the bereaved relatives ; with
them w e can rejoice that the departed
friend and mother has entered into the
blessedness of the dead w h o die in the
Lord, w h o reat from their labors, and
whose works do follow them.
Mrs. S. McNaugher.
Mrs. M. Patterson.
Mrs. M. Tibby.
12 Monographs.

M O N O G R A P H S .
DRUMCLOG. religion at all. A n d he was not long on
Drumclog is a wild and lonely spot at the throne till it was apparent that he
the head of the parish of Strathaven, near meant, as far as he could, to undo the work
the boundary line between Ayrshire and of the Reformation in Scotland. Unfortu-
Lanarkshire, and not far from the source nately, he found ready and willing tools
of the river Irvine. Close by is Loudon among Scotchmen themselves. There were
Hill, rising several hundred feet above the m a n y w h o had no love for rehgion; there
level of the sea, and commanding an exten- were Churchmen w h o hankered after Prel-
sive view of the surrounding district. acy, and had ambitions for power which
Hither on Sabbath, June 1st, 1679, John Presbyterianism, with its rulers of equal
Graham, of Claverhouse—generally desig- authority, would not gratify; and there
nated by those he lent himself to destroy were m e n in the State w h o saw political
"the bloody Claver'se ''—came to break up preferment in the line of carrying out the
a conventicle orfield-preachingof the Cove, royal will, and cared for their o w n advance-
nanters. Being apprised of the approach ment above everything. H a d it not been
of Claverhouse and his soldiers, the m e n for such Scotchmen in the Chm-ch as
attending the conventicle, having come Sharpe, in Council as Middieton, such poli-
armed to defend themselves if an attack ticians as constituted " the drunken parHa-
should be made upon them, were hastily ment,'' such soldiers as Claverhouse, the
formed in hne for battle, and repulsed the sins that were wrought, and the sorrows
soldiers. M a n y of the latter were killed in inflicted in the king's n a m e had not been
thefight,and their captain and as many as wrought or inflicted. T h e shame of vio-
were ablefledwith all speed from the field. lated faith, the iniquity of abrogated cove-
Such, in outline, is the story of Drumclog. nants, and of bitter persecution of the best
But to understand it w e must know what and worthiest in the land, rest not alone
led up to it. Drumclog is one link in a upon the king, but upon m e n of Scotland
chain, and the chain needs to be understood w h o lent themselves so readily and so
if w e would understand this hnk. wholly to the undoing of a great and good
It was an incident in the long persecu- work recently wrought, and to the perse-
tion of the Covenanters, which began cution of those w h o could not renounce
shortly after the restoration of Charles IL, their faith.
in 1660. That he might secure the aid of The king entered London on the 29th of
the Covenanters, Charles had given most May, 1660. A Scotch Parliament which
solemn pledges to maintain the Covenanted met on January 1st, 1661, annulled the
Reformation. But he was devoid utterly Covenant which m a n y of its members had
of principle, and only kept his word when lately sworn ; prohibited under severe pen-
it seemed to suit his o w n interests or alties its renewal without the Kmg's war-
policy, or when he was compelled. H e had rant and approbation ; ordered an oath of
no love for Presbyterianism, or indeed for allegiance to be taken by all persons in
 Monographs. 13

places of trust, acknowledging the king's piety, and no sort of discretion," " the very
absolute and unlimited power—his authority dregs and refuse of the North country, ig-
in matters ecclesiastical as well as civil. norant to a reproach, and many of them
And as if to make sure of undoing all the openly vicious." M a n y of these, as might
work of Eeformation in Scotland, and be expected, were active in fanning the
throwing away all that had been gained by flames of persecution against the better
the piety and wisdom and courage of m e n whose places theyfilled,and against
twenty-five years before, this Parliament the people w h o would not attend their o w n
passed the Recissory Act, by which the ministrations.
Acts of every parliament since 1633 were It is noteworthy that those w h o were ac-
annulled. "It was," said Bishop Burnet, tive iu undoing the Covenanted Reforma-
"a most extravagant Act, only fit to be tion, from the king on the throne to the
concluded after a drunken bout.'' trooper that followed Dalzell or Claver-
A letter was sent from the king on Au- house, were irreligious men. With the
gust 14th, 1661, to the Council in Edin- exception of the Churchmen, they were
burgh, directing the establishment of Epis- noted for lewdness, drunkenness, and
copacy, and forbidding assembling of shocking profanity. A n d piety has not
ministers in their Synodical meetings. The been claimed for the Churchmen by even
Council obeyed the king, and went so far their friends. T h e most conspicuous of
as to prohibit Presbyteries ordaining any them was Sharpe, w h o gained his bishopric
one to the ministry under pain of treason. by turning traitor to his friends and the
The Parliament of 1662 declared the Cove- Presbyterian cause. It is of G o d that im-
nants not only null and void, but abrogated partial history must record that it was such
them as seditious. A n d any writing, speak- m e n abrogated the Covenants, passed the
ing, printing, preaching or praying, tending Recissory Act, banished faithful Presbyte-
to stir up a dislike of His Majesty's royal rian ministers from their congregations,
prerogative and supremacy in causes eccle- and persecuted to the death those w h o
siastical, or the government, by archbishops m a d e a Covenant with G o d to abide flrmly
and bishops, subjected the offender to all in the faith. The hostihty of such m e n is
the penalties appointed by law for sedition. a strong testimonial to the worth and right-
By an Act of the Privy Conned, October ness of the cause they sought to destroy.
1st, 1662, only two of its members being The expulsion of the faithful ministers
sober at the time, all ministers admitted by the Act of Council, Ootober, 1662, led to
since 1649, w h o had not received authority the conventicles, or gatherings in private
from the bishops, were deprived of their houses and in thefleldsfor the worship of
stipends for the past year, and banished God. These atfirstwere small, being gath-
from their parishes and Presbyteries. B y erings of the adherents of the Covenanted
thia infamous Act between 300 and 400 cause in a neighborhood to hear the W o r d
ministers were driven from their homes and of G o d at the mouth of the ministers upon
flocks in the winter season. Their places whose teachings they had been accustomed
werefilledby men, who, on the testimony to wait. But as time passed, as faithful
of Bishop Burnet, " had little learning, less ministers became fewer, and as the wrath
14 Monographs.

and cruelty of the persecutors increased, it in the apprehending and securing of

was deemed advisable to hold large gather- them.''
ings in places considered safest, to which In the face of such enactments, and with
m a n y came from long distances. These a brutal soldiery encouraged and aided by
field-preachings excited thefiercehostility the prelates to give effect to them, it is
of the prelates, and of all w h o maintained not strange that m a n y of the Covenanters,
the king's supremacy in the Church. They for their o w n defense, came armed to these
were a conspicuous and emphatic protest meetings.
against the royal supremacy. They put the At Drumclog, on Sabbath, June 1st, 1679,
bishop's nominees to shame. S o m e of the such a conventicle was held. About 1,400
curates could hardly get more than their or 1,500 people are said to have been pres-
o w n famihes and dependents to come to ent, among them old men, and women, and
the church on Sabbath. The preachers at children. About 250* were armed, some
these meetings presented the truth of G o d 100 of these with sword orfirearms,the
in opposition to the errors and oppressions rest with such rustic weapons as pikes,
which had been introduced. If they had pitchforks, scythes fastened upon long
done no more they maintained free speech poles—implements of peaceful industry
in Scotland. But free speech was just converted, for the time, into weapons of
what neither king nor bishop could toler- war. The praises of G o d had been sung,
ate. Hence laws were passed for the sup- and the prayer had been offered, and the
pression of conventicles, and for punishing minister. Rev. Thos. Douglas, was preach-
any w h o attended them. Soldiers under ing, when one of the scouts posted on a
cruel and godless oificers were placed in neighboring hill gave the signal that the
districts where the people adhered most soldiers were coming. T h e sermon was
steadfastly to the Covenants, and large pow- speedily brought to a close, the preacher
ers were given them of dispersing conven- saying, " T o u have had the theory, now for
ticles, and dealing with any w h o frequented the practice," and uttering Cameron's
them. A n Act of the Council passed in prayer, " Lord, spare the green and take the
1670 declared that whosoever without li- ripe.'' The aged, the w o m e n , and chU-
cense or authority of the Council, or of the dren speedily retired. The armed men,
bishops, should preach, expound Scripture, under their oificers, formed in line, those
or pray at any of these meetings in the on foot in the center, those on horseback
fields, or w h o should gather people to on the right and left wings. A s they took
these meetings, should be punished with their places it was to the strains of suoh
death and confiscation of goods. " And," music as but seldom has been heard on the
proceeds the Act, "any of His Majesty's
good subjects w h o shall seize and secure * Sir Walter Scott, in his Old Mortality, gives what pur-
ports to be a deaoription of the skirmish at Dramolog.
the persons of any w h o shall either preach
But he takes moTe than a poet's or noYelist's usual
or pray at thesefieldmeetings shall have liberty with the facts. H e speaks of the " insurgents "
five hundred merks (about £300) for as being about 1,000 men. His account ot Cornet Gr»-
each. A n d they are hereby indemnified hame's death is wholly without foundation. He was
for any slaughter that shall be committed incapable, from his bias, ot imderstandlng the Covenant-
ers, so when he wrote about them he misrepresented
them.
 Monographs. 15
field of battle. N o trumpet's call was to say so m u c h were to hold up a false
heard, nor beat of drum. But the 76th ideal of serving G o d and honoring His
Psalm was sung with great spirit to the Christ. T h e best are not always judicious.
tune of Martyrs— Oppression makes wise m e n mad, and pro-
" In Judah's land God is well known, vokes to courses which those w h o most
His name's in Israel great; honor the loyalty and steadfast adherence
In Salem is His tabernacle, to truth of these m e n cannot say were the
In Zion is His seat. best.
" There arrows of the bow H e brake, But these two events had made Claver-
The shield, the sword, the war, house more determined thau before to sup-
More glorious Thou than hills of prey, press the conventicles, and destroy those
More exceUent art far," etc.
w h o attended them. So his word to his
T w o events had occurred in the month soldiers at Drumclog, w h e n after some par-
of M a y which had roused the authorities to ley the attack was made, was "No quarter."
afiercerdetermination to wage relentless H a d he gained tbe day there would have
warfare on the conventicles and those w h o been nothing less than a butchery of the
attended them. O n e was the murder of m e n w h o met in that wild solitude to
Archbishop Sharpe, on M a y 3d, by a few worship God. Fortunately, he and his
of thefiercerspirits a m o n g the Covenanters,
soldiers, though fighting bravely, were de-
who by accident met with him on M a g u s feated. There were old soldiers a m o n g
Moor, about three miles from St. Andrews. the Covenanters, who, acting as their of-
That he was traitor to his Church, and the ficers, placed their m e n well, used the ad-
chief agent in the instigation of the perse- vantages of the ground, and led them with
cution, that he was worthy of death, do not skill and valor. A n d those plain country-
make the killing of him by a dozen desper- men, fearers of God, had stout hearts and
ate m e n a justifiable act. Naturally it strong arms. Thirty or forty of the sol-
made the persecution more bitter. diers were slain. Claverhouse did his
The other event was the Declaration at best, but in vain. A n d seeing that he was
Rutherglen, near Glasgow, on the 29th of beaten, and was in danger of being anni-
May, and the public burning of the Recis- hilated, he turned and fled; nor did he
sory Act and other Acts of similar tenor. pause till he reached Glasgow.
This was the way a number of Covenanters T h e faith was justified which ere the
obeyed the proclamation requiring the day fight began had s u n g —
of the king's restoration to be observed as " Those that were stout of heart are spoiled,
a holy day. It is easy n o w to see that in They slept their sleep outright;
some things these m e n went too far, that And none of those their hands did find,
they went beyond the bounds required in That were the men of might.
faithful testimony-bearing; that they did " W h e n they rebuke, O, Jacob's God,
things that for their o w n side were mis- Had forth against them past,
takes, things whose only effect was to ex- Their horses and tlieir chariots both
asperate their enemies and give them n e w Were in a dead sleep cast."
occasion against the Covenanters. A n d not A n d yet, looking at the events growing
16 Monographs.

out of this victory—the foolish attempt the mosses and lakes. They wer not preach-
Covenanters immediately made to capture ing, and had got away all there w o m e n and
Glasgow, the Bothwell Brig confusion and shildring. They consisted of four battail-
slaughter on the 22d of this same month lons of foot, and all well armed with fusils
of June—one is not sure that anything was and pitchforks and three squadrons of
gained at Drumclog. Only this—that a horse. W e sent both partys to skirmish,
new proof, which the dullest could read, they of foot and w e of dragoons ; they run
was given to the nation and to the world, for it, and sent d o w n a battaUlon of foot
that there were m e n w h o esteemed Ohrist against them; w e sent threescore of
above all things, and for His cause were dragoons, w h o m a d e them run again sham-
prepared to lay down their lives. Whether fully ; but in end they percaiving that we
such m e n live or die, whether theyfightor had the better of them in skirmish, they
suffer, they enrich the world, and help to resolved a generall engadgment, and ime-
hft it up into the light of God. diatly advanced with there foot, the horse
(Rev.) John Lynd. f olowing ; they came throght the lotche;
Belfast, Ireland. the greatest body of all made up against
Claverhouse's own account of the Drum- m y troupe; w e keeped our fyre till they
clog affair is here subjoined. A s Sir wer within ten pace of us; they recaived
Walter Scott says, " he spells like a cham- our fyr, and advanced to shok; the first
bermaid." they gave us brought down the Coronet
"FOR T H E EARLE OF LINLITHGOW. Mr. Crafford and Captain Bleith, besides
"[OOMMANDBB-IN-OHIEP OF KING CHARLES II.'s that with a pitchfork they made such an
rOECES IN SCOTLAND.] opening in m y rone horse's belly, that his
" Olaskow, Jun. the 1, 1679. guts hung out half an elle, and yet he
" M y L o r d . — U p o n Saturday's night, caryed m e af an m y l ; which so discoraged
when m y Lord Rosse came into this place, our men, that they sustained not the shok,
I marched out, and because of the inso- but fell into disorder. There horse took
lency that had been done tue nights before the occasion of this, and purseued us so
at Ruglen, I went thither and inquyred for hotly that w e had no tym to rayly. I
the names. So soon as I got them, I sent saved the standarts, but lost on the place
out partys to sease on them, aud found not about aight or ten men, besides wounded;
only three of those rogues, but also ane but the dragoons lost many mor. They ar
intercomend minister called King. W e not com esily af on the other side, for I
had them at Strevan about six in the sawe severall of them fall befor we cam to
morning yesterday, and resolving to convey the shok. I m a d the best refcraite the con-
them to this, I thought that w e might fusion of our people would suffer, and I am
make a little tour to see if w e could fall n o w laying with m y Lord Rosse. The
upon a conventicle; which w e did, little to toun of Streven drew up as w e was mak-
our advantage ; for when w e came in sight ing our retrait, and thoght of a pass to cut
of them, w e found them drawn up in batell, us off, but w e took courage and fell to
upon a most advantageous ground, to them, made them run, leaving a dousain
which there was no coming but through on the place. W h a t these rogues will dou
 Monographs. 17
yet I know not, but the contry was flock-he came to a village whose inhabitants,
ing to them from all hands. This may be finding him able to read, and learning that
counted the beginning of the rebellion, in he had been a teacher, entreated him to
my opinion. settle there and teach the children of the
I am, m y lord, village. H e consented, and was there a
" Tour lordship's most humble servant, short time, when a matter of business re-
"J. Geahame. quired him to come here—a matter in con-
" M y lord, I am so wearied, and so nection with his father's estate. H e did
sleapy, that I have wryton this very con- notfindit easy to get off from Latakia, but
fusedly." Dr. Balph came to his assistance. It is
almost impossible for the fellaheen to go
FRUIT OF MISSIONART WORK. from city to city, and especially from sea-
W e alluded in our annual report this port to seaport, they are so closely watched
year to a young fellah, a self-appointed, by prowling, pilfering police, hoping to get
self-paid evangelist. H e came here re- backsheesh from them for agreeing to let
cently from the Latakia Mountains with a them alone.
story of woe. H e had been seized in the This young man had trouble getting
village where he was teaching by four po- away from here to return to Latakia. H e
Ucemen, who interrogated him as to his had purchased a ticket for deck passage
calling, religion, etc. Then endeavored, on the French steamer, but the police
by bribes and threats, to have him consent made trouble and were suspicious, so he
to change his religion, and give up teach- had to give up and lose the money paid for
ing the Scriptures. O n his refusal they his ticket, as the steamer company would
beat him cruelly, and were about to drag not refund it. A few days later he took
him off to the governor, but intimated that passage secretly in a small sailboat and
he could purchase his release. This he re- escaped.
fused to do, and assured them that it was While he was delayed here, he borrowed
utterly impossible for him to pay such a an Arabic Testament and went to a near
price as they demanded. Then they fell village, which he had visited, he said, some
upon him once more, and as they were beat- years before, and in which he had been
ing him he said, " Tou may beat m e if you well received. Again he was kindly re-
will, and kill m y body, but you cannot touchceived, and had a good opportunity of
this speaking soul." The -villagers, moved sowing the good seed. As he read and ex-
'vrith pity, secured his release by promis- plained different passages of the Scripture
ing that he would pay a certain amount, he was listened to with interest, until he
about one-third of what they had at firstbegan to read the account of the crucifix-
demanded, and quit teaching in the village. ion from John's Gospel. Some said that
Being thus thrown out of employment, and was not true. " W h y ? " " Because Christ
impatient to do something for his Lord, he had not been crucified." "Tes, H e had."
took his Testament and went about the " No, H e had not." "Tes, H e had. Shall
mountain villages, reading and explaining we not believe the Word of God ? Is the
the Word to all who would listen. Finally Book inspired, or not?'' "Tes, it is in-
18 Monographs.

spired." " Well, then, it must be true." taught to read. H e found one of his boys
"Tes, it is true." " Then, if it says Christ so advanced in the art of reading—his sis-
was crucified, must w e not believe it?" " It ter's son—that he insisted on his going
would be unreasonable not to." "Willyou forth as an evangelist in the villages about
not remain here and teach our children ? " Adana. Such a scene as w e read of be-
"Teach them the Bible?" tween Calvin and Farel was enacted on a
" N o , the
Koran." " I cannot do that. I will not small scale between this young m a n and
consent to teach anything but the Bible, his nephew. Finally the uncle agreed to
for it is the W o r d of God." "Bat is not stay long enough to thoroughly initiate the
the Koran also the W o r d of G o d ?" nephew into the ser-vice. Together they
" M u c h of it is condensed from the Bible." went around the Adana -villages for thirty
"It is the best of all books." days. A n d n o w our friend exclaims 'with
"No,
the Bible is the best of all books and a face beaming with joy that the boy can
the mother of all." "The Bible cannot read and explain the Scriptures as well as
compare in beauty with the Koran, as I himself.
will convince you," said one, taking up the W h o can tell to what this wdl grow?
Koran and reading from it. " That story His brother appears to have been converted
of Joseph is given m u c h fuller in the Bible.
by his means, and perhaps others of his
Here you have ' The Peep of Day ;' where relations and boys and girls instructed by
did you get it?" " W e got it from the him. I pray that he m a y have many souls
American missionaries." " Well, let m e as a cro'wn of rejoicing, and that he may
read you the story of Joseph from it. D o shine as the brightness of the firmament
you observe h o w m u c h fuller that account for ever and ever.
is than the account in the Koran ? Tet it H e was two years in school here. His
is only taken from the Bible account. teacher, Mallim Sophie, at present in the
Does it not follow that the Bible is the N e w Castle congregation, I believe, is al-
mother of all Books?" "Tes, it does." ways kindly remembered by him.
H e is one of the simplest persons in the After he had left school he worked in the
world, almost a fool, and yet they could cottonfields-with scores of other people.
not resist the wisdom with which he spake. H e became very noticeable for the way he
Truly we m a y say: spent his intermissions every day, for, in-
" From infanta' and from sucklings' mouths stead of romping and story-telling like
Is strength by Thee ordained, others, he always sat alone and read in a
That so th' avenger may be quelled, book that he carried in his bosom while he
The foe restrained."
worked. B y and by some took to sitting
G o d still chooses the weak things of the about him and listened as he read to them
world, but with them H e often confounds aloud from his Testament. The next year
the mighty. the workmen hired him to walk backwards
It had been his purpose to spend ten and read to them as they hoed the ground,
days in this vicinity when he came first. a long row of them abreast. That, you
Seven of these he designed spending in might say, was hisfirstwork as an evan-
Adana, whither he went to see a brother gehst.
and sister and a class of boys w h o m he had Mersine, Turkey. R. J. Donns.
 Editorial Notes. 19

EDITORIAL N O T E S .

—The Heeald oe Mission News invites Mr. Black £5:0

its readers to aid in extending its influ- Belfast, Ireland.
ence. Mr. J. B. Gilmore of Allegheny, A Friend 10:0
Pa., when renewing for 1895, very thought- Bready, Ireland.
fully enclosed one dollar, to pay for his O'wn — T h e following contributions have been
paper, and also send another copy to some received from the young women of the
one else. This is seemingly an easy way Church towards the salary of their mission-
of helping the cause of Missions and cer- ary for a third year:
tainly it is an effective method. Many L. M. S., Olathe Congregation $13 15
families to a large extent imacquainted Miss Mary Carithers 25 00
'with the missionary operations of the Fort Sill, Oklahoma Ter.
Church, or the claims of a perishing world, Mrs. R. M. Moore 3 65
would thus be supplied 'with missionary Glenwood, Minn.
facts and incidents every month. And no Miss Marion Ritchie 3 65
one who has any idea of what salvation Miltonvale, Kan.
means can read these facts and incidents Mrs. Lizzie McElroy 5 20
without desiring to have a personal share Miss Jennie McElroy 5 20
in the work of foreign evangelism. Quinter, Kan.
— W e recently received through Mr. To these amounts must be added $23.40,
Walter T. Miller, for Dr. J. G. Paton's contributed to this fund by the L. M. S.
work in the N e w Hebrides, the sum of four of N e w Alexandria Congregation, and
dollars and twenty-eight cents, contributed credited as follows:
by the Sabbath-school of Geneva Congre- Miss Mary Patterson $3 65
gation, Beaver Falls, Pa. About the same Misses Lizzie and Annie Beattie .... 3 65
time we received thirteen dollars for the Mrs. Rev. G. M. Robb 3 65
same Mission from Master David W , Park, " A. H. Beattie 3 65
president of the Dayspring Mission Band " Jno. R. Steele 3 65
of New Tork City. " Agnes McFarland 3 65
—Twenty-five dollars, received a few " W m . McFarland 1 50
weeks ago from Mrs. Ella Carithers, of the — T h e following names are to be added
Cache Creek Mission, for the foreign Chi- to the list of ministers who have sent us
nese Mission, have been handed to the their contributions towards the salary of
treasurer, Mr. Walter T. Miller. " Pastors' Missionary " for a second year:
— A t the request of Dr. W . M. Moore we Rev. W . W . Carithers $25 00
acknowledge that he has received through Fort Sill, Oklahoma Ter.
Miss Meta Cunningham, for the Medical " John S. Duncan 10 00
Rooms in Suadia, the sum of £3:17:6, to be Parnassus, Pa.
credited as follows : " Henry Easson 20 00
Mrs. William Houston £3:2:6 Beaver Falls, Pa.
20 Editorial Notes.
Rev. G. M. Robb $10 00
N e w Alexandria, Pa.
" James Patton 5 00
Evans, Colo.
Heeald op Mission News 50 00
—In case money intended for either
of these funds is not promptly
acltnowledged, or incorrectly reported
in these columns, word shonid be sent
immediately to the office ofthe H E R A L D
OF Mission News.
— O n e dollar from George McFarland, of
N e w Alexandria, Pa., has been forwarded
to the treasurer for the Medical R o o m s in
Suadia.
— M a n y years have passed away since
the young people of one of our congrega-
tions agreed to support an ordained minis-
ter on the Island of Cyprus for a term of
five years. They were delighted with the
appointment of Rev. J. R. W . Stevenson
and his wife; and, when ill-health forced
their missionary to return to this country,
they prayed earnestly for his recovery, or
that the Head of the Church would raise up
and qualify another to take his place. Nor
does the lapse of time abate their desire to
have a representative in that interesting
field. The money is ready. W h o will go ?
T w o Books in O n e . — The Story of St.
Patrick, with a sketch of Ireland's condi-
tion before a n d after Patrick's time. B y
Joseph Sanderson, D.D., LL.D., author
of " Jesus on the Holy Mount," etc. Ire-
land and the Irish: their Christianity,
Institutions, Missions, Mission Fields a n d
Learning, firom the earliest times, with an
Appendix. B y J o h n Borland Firday,
Ph.D., L L . D . , D.C.L., F.R.G.S., Fellow
of the Imperial Institute. %vo., pp. 550.
Price, $4.00. Boston, Mass., W . L. Rich-
ardson C o m p a n y , 73 Hanover Street.
N e w York, Wilbur B . Eetchum, 2 Cooper
Union.
W e are greatly indebted to Dr. Sander-
son for a copy of this interesting and valu-
able work, and cordially c o m m e n d it to our
readers. His " Story of St. Patrick " is ad-
mirably written and brimful of facts and
incidents in the Hfe of a great missionary.
N o one can read it without feeling keenly
that he lacks in m a n y respects the essen-
tials to success in missionary work. Here
is inspiration to nobler ser'vice. Not less
valuable is the second part of this volume.
Dr. Finlay, the author of " Ireland and the
Irish," is a distinguished student of history,
and consequently its statements can be
relied on as accurate. Here the reader will
find, within brief compass and presented in
a very attractive style, many facts of interest
and value that are only within the reach of
m e n w h o have time for historic research.
The appendix of sixty-six pages is itself an
historic treasure. T h e author, as he tells
us in his preface, "has sought, by .setting
in array the facts of history, to demonstrate
that light and truth can only be found in
the ' Oracles of God.' " T h e task that he
set before himself is well done.
W e intend to enrich our columns with
extracts from this volume, but urge our
readers in the meantime to order the book
for their o w n libraries. Special terms 'will
be made to our subscribers, if the order is
sent through this office.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MJSSIONS,
February, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1S95.

O U R VIEWS OF MISSION W O R K .

APOSTOLIC POWER. inspired, but the language as well.

Rev. J. M . Foster, Boston, Mass. " Which things we speak, not in the words
Christ said to the diciples: " Tarry which man's wisdom teacheth, but which
ye at Jerusalem until ye be endued with the Holy Ghost teacheth, comparing spir-
power from on high." W h e n Christ itual things with spiritual."
preached the people were offended and II. It was not the miracles by which they
turned away. The reason was "the Holy confirmed their mission. The apostles
Ghost was not yet given, because Jesus preached in foreign languages without
was not yet glorified." But after H e suf- having learned them. Paul seems to use
fered and died tbe Spirit fell upon the the " gift of tongues" in the sense of a
apostles, and multitudes believed their "heavenly language, a glossolaly that
word. What, then, was this power? I must be interpreted. The Montanists of
answer : the second century and the Irvingites of
I. It was not the gift of inspira- the nineteenth century have perverted this
tion. The apostles preached many ser- with satanic imitations of the Holy Ghost.
mons ; only a few have been recorded. But the apostles had also the power of
They wrote many epistles; only a few have speaking many languages. They healed
been preserved. But they were inspired the sick, raised the dead and oast out dev-
in wbat they wrote and spoke. " The mys- ils. The Saviour confirmed His Messiah-
tery of God," hidden from the world, was ship by miracles ; so the apostles furnished
made known to them. " As it is written, the same infallible proofs of their mission.
eye hath not seen nor ear heard, neither But these were not the " power from on
have entered into the heart of man the high."
things that God hath prepared for them III. It was not that they were infallibly
that love Him; but God hath revealed them guided in organizing the Church and fur-
unto us by His Spirit." Their memories nishing her with courts, officers and ordi-
Were miraculously quickened, so that they nances. " The keys " of the kingdom were
could reproduce the sayings and doings of committed to them. What they did, Christ
Christ with infallible accuracy. " H e shall did in them. And wherever any one is
teaoh you all things and bring all things to admitted into the Church or excluded from
your remembrance whatsoever I have said her, according to the apostolic order, that
unto you." Not only were their thoughts judgment is ratified in heaven and shall
22 Our Views of Mission Work.
not be reversed. The apostles ordained
elders and deacons. They appointed pub-
lic worship in the reading and preaching of
the Word, prayer, singing of Psalms, and
administration of the sacraments, baptism
and the Lord's Supper. The apostles re-
ceived authority from Christ, the exalted
H e a d and King of the Church, to do this.
The ascended gifts of the Saviour are twice
recorded by Paul. " G o d hath set some
in the Church, first apostles, secondly
prophets, thirdly teachers, after that mira-
cles, then gifts of healing, helps, govern-
ments, diversities of tongues.'' " A n d he
gave to some apostles and some prophets,
and some evangelists, and some pastors
and teachers." A n " apostle" must have
seen the Lord, have been an eye and ear
witness of Christ's sayings and doings,
have received his commission directly from
Ohrist, have the power of miracles, have
the gift of inspiration, and have a world-
wide commission. In the nature of the
case the apostles could have no successors.
The "prophets" were those w h o foretold
future events, as Agabus predicting the
dearth and Paul's arrest at Jerusalem; and
they also had the power of expounding the
Scriptures with infallible accuracy, as the
four daughters of Philip, w h o were virgins,
prophesied. This olfioe ceased with the
incumbents. The " evangelists " were those
sent out by the apostles into the foreign
field. They were also sent to the churches
as the deputies of the apostles. They had
the apostles' powers. That office has ceased.
All these were local and temporary. But
there were others which were ordinary and
permanent. The " pastors'' were the rulino-
elders. The "teachers" were preaching
elders. " Let the elders that rule well be
accounted worthy of double honor, espec-
ially they that labor in word and doctrine."
The "helps " or helpers were the deacons.
These three classes, the deacons, the elders
and the ministers, are ordinary and perma-
nent officers in the Church. They never
had the miraculous power of the apostles.
They were the divinely appointed channels
through which the apostles communicated
the Spirit in enlightening, quickening, sanc-
tifying and glorifying men. In and through
the ordinary and permanent officers of the
Church, the apostles continue applying
their word by the Holy Ghost for the sal-
vation of rnen.
IV, Ii was the power of the Holy Ghost.
T h e Sa-viour said: " T e that have continued
•with m e in the regeneration, shall sit upon
twelve thrones judging," etc. W h e n Christ
ascended to His throne H e gave the Spirit.
W h e n the apostles entered their office they
received from H i m authority and power to
confer this gift of the Spirit upon their
hearers. W h e n Peter preached in Jerusa-
lem 3,000 were converted. W h e n Peter
and John preached in Samaria the Holy
Ghost fell upon them. W h e n Paul
preached and laid his hands upon the be-
lievers in Antioch the Holy Ghost fell
upon them. This power of the Holy Spirit,
the Saviour promised the disciples, should
never be withdi-awn. " H e shall abide with
you forever." The apostles still live in the
Church in their message and their divinely
appointed order. A n d those w h o proclaim
the apostles' message and observe the apos-
tolic order have this Holy Ghost power.
Peter said; " H e was put to death in the
flesh, but quickened by the Spirit, by whicb
he went and preached to the spirits in
prison." This seems to mean, that Ghrist
was put to a violent bodily death. As a
reward H e was quickened spiritually. He
 Our Views of Mission Work.
was made a quickening spirit, the resources
and energies of the Holy Spirit were placed
in His hands. In the exercise of this
Spirit energy. H e went by the apostles
and preached to m e n in the prison-house
of sin, and the result was that multitudes
were converted. This preaching was not
always so successful. It was not so in
Noah's day. It was not in the Sa-viour's
ministry. Because tbe Spirit was not yet
given. But after Christ was glorified on
the cross the Spirit was given, and great
hosts were converted. Since the apostles'
day H e has been going and preaching
through Cyril and Chrysostum, Athana-
seus and Augustine, Savanarola and Zwin-
gli, Wickliff and Knox, Luther and Calvin,
Wesley and Whitefield, the ministry in
England and America, and the missionaries
in India, China, Japan, Africa, and the
islands of the sea, and greater multitudes
have been converted each succeeding gen-
eration. A n d H e will continue going in
this Spirit-power, through the apostles'
message and order, proclaimed and ob-
served by His ambassadors, until all the
world has been brought out of darkness
into His marvelous light.
" B e not drunk with wine, wherein is
excess, but befilledwith the Spirit." W e
speak of a drunken m a n as being " full."
O n the day of Pentecost there were cer-
tain who mocked and said, "These m e n
are full of new wine." But Peter replied,
" These are not drunken, as ye suppose,"
but have received the promised Spirit. So
Paul's exhortation is, " B e not intoxicated
•with •wine, but be intoxicated with the
Spirit." A drunken m a n is alcoholized in
his whole being. A Christian should be
spirituahzed in the whole man. T h e m a n
possessed with the devil was completely
23
under the control of the evil one. The
thoughts of his mind, the choices of his
will, the desires of his heart, were sug-
gested by the spirit of evU. So a m a n
possessed by the Spirit is wholly under
the power of the good Spirit of God. His
gifts, natural and acquired, his inward and
outward hfe, is determined by the Spirit.
Such a m a n is the proper instrument of
the Spirit. A n d through suoh the apos-
tolic power is exercised to-day. The apos-
tles spoke and wrote in not more than fifty
languages. The missionaries, by the use
of consecrated talent in studying and de-
veloping languages, speak and write in
above 600 languages. Peter had 3,000
converts on Pentecost. The missionaries
to-day have 3,000,000 converts. The Spirit
carried Philip to Azotes ; but now, by
steam power on land and sea and by tele-
graph and telephone, transportation and
communication are easy and swift, the
missionaries co-operate as perfectly as a
well-disciplined army.
W e think of Brainard, the missionary to
the Indians, whose body lies at Northamp-
ton, Mass. H e spent his life traversing
the forests of N e w England, climbing the
mountains, •visiting Indian villages, preach-
ing the word of life. H e came to the
h o m e of Dr. Jonathan Edwards, where he
died. Listening to his prayers and talk
determined Dr. Edwards to resign his
congregation and go out as a missionary.
A cobbler in England read Brainard's diary
and was led to go as a missionary to India.
That was William Carey. H e engaged in
indigo manufacturing and cleared $450,000.
This he gave to the Mission. H e became
Professor of Sanskrit, at a salary of $500
per month. B y this he cleared $50,000
for the Mission. H e translated the Bible
24 Our Views of Mission Woric.
into the Bengale language. At his death
there were thirty-six native, self-sustaining
congregations.
A n artisan missionary, Leonard Dobson,
the Moravian, said: " I determined if only
one brother would go with m e to the
West Indies I would give myself to be a
slave, and would say to the slaves as m u c h
of the Saviour as I knew myself." H e
and his fellow-laborer, David Nitchmann,
shared the hut and crust of the bondmen.
The governor of the island was moved by
their devotion and invited them to his pal-
ace to live. But they soon left it and re-
turned to the cabin and the crust of the
slaves, that they might win them to Christ.
A young m a n went to China as a mission-
ary. H e soon adopted the Chinese dress,
and sent his photo to his sister. W h e n
she saw it she wept and wrote, " W h a t a
gulf this change of dress has placed be-
tween m e and m y dear brother!" H e re-
plied, " W h a t a gulf was placed between
the Father and His dear Son, when Christ
clothed Himself in h u m a n nature and suf-
fered and died! But Christ crossed that
gulf for us, and should not I cross this
gulf for the Chinese ? If Christ laid d o w n
His life for us w e ought to lay down our
lives for the brethren."
O n a tablet in a church in Maiden, Mass.,
is inscribed, "Adoniram Judson, born 1788;
died 1850; birthplace. Maiden; sepulchre,
the great sea; the Burman converts and
Burman Bible his monument; his record
is written on high." H e was one of four
w h o founded the American Board of For-
eign Missions, which sent him to India.
O n shipboard his 'views on baptism changed.
H e was carried against his will to Burmah,
and founded a Mission which led to the
organization of the Baptist Missionary
Union. For ten years he labored and had
only a dozen converts. T o his discouraged
friends he wrote, " T h e prospects are as
bright as the promises." His faith was
rewarded.
T o a friend Dr. Cyrus Hamlin said: "If
you care to listen to the simple annals of
the poor, I was born in Maine, put myself
through college, went as a missionary to
Constantinople, spent forty years among
the Turks, cleared $50,000 by a bakery
during the Crimean war, which I used in
building Mission churches, built Robert
College on a hdl overlooking the Bospho-
rus, after wrestling eleven years with the
Sultan for a permit, and have since served
at home. As for the future, G o d knoweth
and careth, for I do neither." That is being
filled 'with the Spirit. Dr. John G. Paton
was raised in a Scotch Covenanter home.
Teaching a viUage school and conducting
a Mission in Glasgow, furnished means for
his education and gave him needed discip-
Une. B y the loss of his dear 'wife and
chUd, three months after landing on Tan-
na, N e w Hebrides, and by personal sick-
ness, he was baptized with the Holy Ghost
and withfire,fittinghim to remain for
three and one-half years, the only white
missionary on that island of cannibals.
W h e n he struck off the first proof of the
Tannese Bible and found it correct, he
danced for joy around his rude printing
press at 1 o'clock in the morning, Uke Da-
vid around the ark of God. Making two
tours of the churches at home, he secured
funds for purchasing two Mission ships—
the Dayspring and the AuxiUary—which
ply those islands as white-winged messen-
gers of the Gospel; and half of the people,
w h o were once man-eaters, are sitting at
the feet of Jesus, clothed and in their right
 Items of Missionary InteUigence.
mind. O n the tombstone of William Ged-
des, the apostle of Anytium, N e w Hebrides,
is written: " W h e n William Geddes came
there were no Christians, when he went
there were no heathen." There have been
more conversions in Madagascar since 1861
than in aU the R o m a n Pagan empire in
thefirstone hundred years of the Christian
era. Apostolic power is multiplied many
fold. B y it every nation under heaven will
be brought to Christ. It is m u c h to save
individual souls. It is more to save soci-
ety, the organic people. The promise of
the Saviour is : " T o him that overcometh
will I give power over the nations, and he
shall rule them with a rod of iron, even as
I have received of m y Father." This is
apostolic power. It was foretold by the
prophet Daniel: " T h e kingdom and do-
25
minion and the greatness of the kingdom
under the whole heavens shall be given to
the people of the saints of the Most High."
This regnancy is conferred by the Holy
Ghost sent by the reigning Mediator. A n d
when the Gospel shall have leavened socie-
ty, and in every land the Christian Church
shall be protected and fostered by the
Christian state, and both rooted and
grounded in the Christian family, then
will Apostolic Power be consummated.
" A n d the nations of those that are saved
shall walk in the light of it; and the
kings of the earth shall bring their glory
and honor into it." A n d when the seventh
angel sounded there were voices in heaven
saying: " The kingdoms of this world have
become the kingdoms of our Lord and of his
Christ, and H e shall reig'u forever and ever."

ITEMS O F M I S S I O N A R Y INTELLIGENCE.

ABROAD. widerfield,and no Ansairia to deal with.

Last Sabbath I held communion at the
Latakia, Syeia.—Letters from Rev.Mission Jas. house in Bahamra, where ten com-
S. Stewart, dated Dec. 11 and 28, 1894, muned besides ourselves. O n e young m a n
contain the following items: w h o taught for the Mission before the late
I recently made a visit to the schools in "closing act" held back lest some spy
Metn, Tartous and Soda, and found them should inform the Government, and one
all in good condition. I also visited two young w o m a n was unable to attend. That
other vUlages beseeching us to send them is the extent of our membership in that
teachers. I thought perhaps w e might be quarter now, bat there are members living
able to comply with their request, but n o w at Eldaney, some hours away.
we have very little prospect of doing so. I O n Monday, Dec. 10th, our old teacher,
Spent between three and four days with Isa Haurani, was called before the Muttas-
the missionaries in Tripoli, and would have serrif and informed that he was to be sent
stayed longer, but the weather was such out of the district of Latakia, but His Ex-
that I could not visit any out-stations. I cellency would not assign a reason, except
was very well treated down there, and that orders had come from the Wall of
found their work m u c h like ours, except a Beirut to that effect. In default of bail he
26 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
was committed to prison, where he re-
mained until the 14th, when he presented
security to the amount of £50 that he
would leave Latakia at a certain date.
Last Saturday (Dec 22d) he departed
by the French steamer. But although he
was under bail a guard was sent with him,
at his expense, to deliver him up to the
police upon reaching Beirut.
Every means was tried here to secure a
reversal of the order for his banishment,
but without avail. His family is not in-
cluded in the order.
Perhaps some relief may be obtained for
M . Isa in Beirut. The place to which he
is to go is about seven or eight hours from
Sidon. H e has a brother living there. The
Beirut Mission has a school, if not a church,
in the village, i. e., Marjairim.
T o u have better opportunity of getting
the news from Armenia than we. The
fact of a terribly cruel massacre is no
longer doubted, and the missionaries of
Marash and Aintab are in about as unen-
viable a position as those of China. All
news from that quarter is promptly sup-
pressed by the authorities. Money is so
scarce in the capital that an order has
come suspending the pay of most or all of
the Government employes, in whole or in
part, for two or three months. Secret
police have been appointed here to report
any seditious conversation or conduct.
W e know that the kingdom is coming,
and that nothing can hinder the fulfillment
of our Lord's plans. Our only hope is in
prayer to H i m w h o can stay the hand of
proud rulers and deliver His people from
their power.
SoAMA, Sybia.—Rev. Josiah Dodds has
kindly sent us the foUowing extracts from
private letters recently received from his
chddren in Suadia. Mrs. Dodds 'writes:
O n his return from Antioch, Rev. R.'J.
Dodds preached here, and dispensed the
Lord's Supper. A happy, helpful commun-
ion season it was. T w o m e n came out and
united with us. O n e of them was our
servant Georges, who took this step in the
face of opposition and persecution. Last
summer the priest publicly warned and
threatened him. H e told him he must not
attend the Protestant services, nor let his
children go to our school; consequently
the people boycotted him, and ruined his
business. H e had been doing very weU as
a barber, etc. H e was, and is, highly re-
spected by the natives. T o be wUling to
become a servant was a step do-wn in the
eyes of some, but he seems to be content
and happy. The priest, once his warm
friend, n o w wraps his robe more tightly
about him, and passes him by unnoticed.
H e says he does not care now. H e wants
to follow the Lord Jesus Christ, and is not
afraid of man.
* in * Our servant Georges is having
a trying time in his o'vs'n home. H e and
his wife have always been very happy to-
gether ; but since he became a Protestant
she and his mother have risen up against
him, and abuse and accuse him. They say
he has " disgraced them, and now the
neighbors wUl have nothing to do with
them.'' H e has learned to read the Bible
in the last two years. His wife says " she
was delighted when he began to read the
Bible, for then he stayed h o m e at nights,
quit drinking " (intemperance is the curse
of this valley), " and was better to them
than before, but n o w has brought such dis-
grace on his family; he could just take the
children and go; she would not put up
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 27

with it." Tet she says, " H e does not to assemble at the church. The village
scold, nor do anything bad, only he just people receive him very gladly and listen
sits and reads his Bible." Poor w o m a n , to his preachiag with delight. All the
she does not know that it was the reading spirit of persecution seems to have died
of the Bible that m a d e him a better man, away.'' Here is a promising field for an
and a kinder husband and father. Is it ordained minister, w h o is willing to conse-
not enough to try the patience of any m a n crate his energies to the service of the
to come h o m e at night, and his wife and Lord. The young people w h o several years
mother—^naturally two bright and pleasant ago agreed to pay the salary for a term of
women—sit off and never speak to him five years, continue to make weekly offer-
unless to abuse and reproach him ? But ings for this purpose, and to pray the Lord
he seems more cheerful yesterday and to- of the harvest to thrust forth a laborer.
day. Our prayers are poured out to G o d They are ready to implement their engage-
for him daily. Oh, that the Church at ment. Their faith, however, is on trial.
home would continue to pray to G o d for a
blessing upon these and all others w h o areNew Hebrides.— Quarterly Jottings for
persecuted for Christ's sake. January contains the following information
Mr. Dodds adds: Our communion in regard to the work at some of the Mis-
was a joy and gladness to hearts here- sion stations:
tofore trammeled by superstition. T w o Letters, dated August, say that the work
new members were added—but, best of all, on the Island of Epi (population 10,000),
the brethren themselves have suggested under the devoted labors of Revs. R M .
that we aU meet in their several houses day Fraser and T. Small, has had a great im-
after day to pray for a special outpouring petus lately. The Christian natives have
of the Spirit on those w h o are specially grown "in the love of Jesus,'' and last
tempted and tried, and for the spread of April Mr. Fraser baptized 48 adults out
the work among some w h o are somewhat of a candidates' class of 118. These were
aroused. For this w e thank G o d and take added to the already large membership of
courage. It costs m u c h to become a the church.
Christian in Syria. In a letter published in the Presbyterian
Monthly, Melbourne, Mr. Fraser says, in
Cypeus.—Rev, R. J. Dodds, who visited reference to the observance of the Lord's
Cyprus in the beginning of the year, speaks Supper a short time before he wrote: W e
of the work on the Island as in a more have not yet had any suoh blessed meet-
hopeful condition than at any former period ings on Epi as the two w e had on that
in the history of the Mission. In view of Sabbath. Exactly 100 sat down to the
the many discouragements that have marked communion, but the audience would num-
our missionary operations there, this is ber 450. It was delightful to see people
very gratifying inteUigence. Mr. Dodds from three tribes sitting together at the
says : " M . Daoud is well and in excellent Lord's Table, and more delightful still to
spirits. H e sees his work growing in favor feel that many there were realizing by
with the people, although they are afraid faith the body broken and the blood shed
28 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
for them, and with humble joyfulness re-
membering the Lord and renewing their
vows to Him. In the evening, after the
baptism of two children, the meeting was
thrown open, that any of the church m e m -
bers might give an exhortation or engage
in prayer, as they felt inclined, using the
language or dialect they could most freely
express themselves in. Six or seven spoke
so suitably, lovingly and Christ glorifying-
ly that w e doubt not they spake as they
were moved by the Holy Ghost. It was a
little pentecostal like to hear Christ ex-
tolled aud recommended in fiour tongues
in th'at one meeting.
Mr. Michelson writes from Tongoa that on
August 26th, at thefirstcommunion serv-
ice held since his return, there sat down
100 native communicants, and a church
packed full of attentive hearers. The week-
ly meeting for Bible study numbers about
171, of w h o m " many came with pencil and
paper iu hand in order to take notes.''
India.—The following facts, in regard to
the Foreign Mission work of the Presby-
terian Church in Ireland, are taken from
an appeal published in the January num-
ber of the Missionary Herald :
During thefiveyears from 1888 to 1893
the communicants in our Indian Mission
increased from 353 to 441, and the bap-
tized members from 1,653 to 1,863, while
680 persons were baptized during the five
years, of w h o m 170 were adults. In Bor-
sad, with its out-stations, there were, at the
close of 1893, 472 baptized persons; in
Ahmedabad and its stations, 457; and in
Anand, with its stations, 452. The good
work has been going on steadily during
the past year. In the October Herald an
account was given of a young convert, of
the goldsmith caste, w h o had given up m u c h
for the Gospel, and w h o in the midst of
persecution had stood his ground firmly,
answering his father's tears and entreaties
with the simple, earnest words, "Father,
you, too, ought to become a Christian." H e
is only one of m a n y w h o have been received
into the Church by baptism durmg 1894.
Nearly 4,000 children attend our schools,
and all of them receive careful religious in-
struction; while from oui- eight principal
stations as centers the Gospel has been
proclaimed to m a n y thousands, some of
w h o m probably never heard even the name
of Christ before.
China.—The same appeal says in regard
to their work in China :
Within the last few weeks, as every one
knows, our work in China has been brought
practically to a standstill by the outbreak
of war between that country and Japan.
U p till the time that our brethren were
compelled to leave their posts in the inte-
rior, the good work had been progressing
rapidly. W e were able to report to last
Assembly that at the close of October, 1893i
there were 855 baptized persons in con-
nection with our Mission, of w h o m 345
had been baptized during the year; there
were also 33 native Christian agents. Since
that time the numbers have largely in-
creased. 57 were baptized, for instance,
by one of our missiouaries on a single
journey in Manchuria. M a n y of these
converts have most interesting stories, as
the readers of the Herald know, and not a
few of them have already become enthusi-
astic missionaries to their friends and
neighbors. W e read, for instance, of one
m a n bringing six of his neighbors, aud of
another bringing four, as candidates for
baptism.
Our three medical missionaries in China
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 29

have also had great encouragement in their more comfortable at school than they could
work; more than one case has occurred of be at their homes. A n old auntie w h o m
patients in our little hospitals being led, by w e called to see said to us, " Thank God,
the instruction there received, to decision I've kivers eniiff!" Hundreds ofthe col-
for the truth. Already tbere is a Mission ored people would think tbey were exceed-
Presbytery, of which a number of native ingly fortunate if they could say the same.
elders are members, taking an inteUigent O n January 23d w e had a crowded house
interest in all the proceedings, whicli of to listen to a lecture on India, given by
course are conducted in Chinese; and as Miss Anderson, a returned missionary of
there are already several large congregations the U. P. Cburch. They listened atten-
of converts, w e hope soon to hear of native tively, and were m u c h pleased with the
pastors being ordained over them, and thus views of Indian scenes and customs. W e
of the foundation being Iuid of a self-sup- wish w e could have some of our o w n
porting, self-governing native church. O n e missionaries or our Northern friends visit
of these native elders has given $100 for the Mission. M . J. McCartney.
the support of a preaching station in a Denison, Kan.—Resolutions of the L. M .
town at some distance, and this is but one S. of North Cedar Congregation on the
fact out of many which show that our con- death of Mrs. Jane M . Kevan :
verts are awakening to feel that their As a society w e are called upon once
money, as well as their lives, are the Lord's.more to mourn the removal by death of
one of our members. Mrs. Jane M . Ke-
Aeeioa.—The area of West Africa, lying van, after a long period of weakness and
within the tropics, covers about a million patient suffering, passed away to her eternal
rest on M a y 26, 1894. During tbe many
and a half square miles, and the popula-
years of her connection with the society
tion is estimated at 37,000,000. Frightful she proved a useful and interested member.
degradation is wrought by strong drink; She was a loving wife, an affectionate
it is said that r u m is being taken into the mother, and a faithful member of the
country in the proportion of 70,000 gal- Covenanter Church. At all times her heart
lons for every missionary. Tet the results yearned for the peace and prosperity of
Zion. In the home, in the church and in
of Christian Missions are cheering. T h e th-- society her familiar face is missed, but
Scriptures have been translated into thirty- what is our loss is her eternal gain.
five dialects or languages; and some A s a society w e feel the loss of a faith-
knowledge of the Gospel has reached about ful worker, but in humble submission w e
8,000,000 people.—Missionary Record. b o w to the wiU of a kind Father. W e
bear cheerful testimony to her Christian
AT HOME. character, and pray G o d that w e m a y be
Selma, ALA.-^There are 258 pupils en- excited to greater diligence, watchfulness
rolled for the month of January. and zeal. W e extend our kindest sympathy
to the bereaved family and friends, and
The severe cold weather has caused much
c o m m e n d them to the Spirit of G o d w h o is
snffering among the colored people. Not- present to help in time of trouble.
withstanding tbis the attendance has been Mes. Wm. Littlejohn,
very good This is partly due to the fact Mhs. Alice Bbadbi,
that many of them are made very m u c h Miss Mart Mann,
Committee.
 Monographs. 31

M O N O G R A P H S .

MERSINE C. E. SOCIETT. seat is Zahra Ibraheem, and the one sitting

Every one will readily recognize the on the right end is her sister Sophia.
centralflgurein the accompanying picture These names are familiar, as they are the
as Miss Linnie Metheny, and standing to two girls the Government have been trying
her left is her sister Janet. to take from us. They are both Christian
The society was organized by Miss girls and have been baptized.
Linnie in December of 1892. She was W e hope the societies at home wiU re-
then only thirteen years of age, and had m e m b e r the one in Mersine in their prayers.
never been in a C. E . meeting, but re- W e ask prayer especially for the associate
ceived her inspiration by reading of the members.
Jennie B. Dodds.
work at home. Great credit is due to her
Mersine, Turkey.
for the work she has done; w h e n the
society was organized the girls k n e w OUR MISSION SCHOOLS IN TURKET.
nothing of what an organization meant. Americans have no schemes of territo-
They would quarrel as to w h o should be rial acquisitions from Turkish domains,
the officers. They had to be taught h o w and, never meddling with political matters,
to do every little thing. She labored away have ever been the best friends and bene-
when many an older and more experienced factors of Turkish peoples. O n account
person would have given up. of the uncivilized state of Turkey, all the
This society will compare favorably with European powers reserved exterritoriality
the societies of the Church at home. A with its accessories and corollaries, and
very pleasant and, I trust, profitable meet- reside here not by privilege, but by right
ing is held every Tuesday evening. purchased with fearful carnage and m u c h
The girl sitting to Miss Linnie's left is treasure, in saving Turkey from destruc-
the president of the society. She came tion.
into the school eight years ago, a wild Americans, with the most pacific m o -
fighting little girl, but the Gospel has had tives, have done, however, a fair share of
its influence, and she is n o w an earnest beneficence in establishing free schools in
Christian young w o m a n , and a teacher in m a n y parts of the empire, which have had
the school. a civilizing influence. Kamil Pasha, late
There are in the society Arabs, Greeks, Grand Vizier, visited the Reformed Pres-
FeUaheen, Armenian, and Chaldee. byterian schools among the warlike and
The little girl standing to Janet rebellious Ansairia of North Lebanon.
Metheny's left has not, so far as w e know, H e declared, in his report to Constantino-
a living relative. She does not k n o w her ple, that they never had civilized this peo-
father's name. She is a Fellaha, and was ple with fire and sword, and never could.
brought to the school by a native convert, H e remarked, "It is significant that an
about seven years ago. officer of the government must have a mil-
The girl sitting on the left end of the itary escort in order to visit these regions.
32 Monographs.
but the missionaries go alone wherever
they wish, and are unmolested. The Amer-
ican schools are the only civilizing influ-
ences ever brought to bear on these peo-
ples." So far from the influence of the
missionaries tending to excite sedition, re-
bellions have ceased among the Ansairia
since the schools were opened among them.
However, since the present Turkish min-
istry came into power, an effort was m a d e
to close all foreign schools by means of a
general order, although no provision had
been made for replacing them by others.
The British Minister interposed as one
of the signatory powers which had over-
sight of the framing of the law, refused to
allow the promulgation of the order, and
compelled the Turks to withdraw it; would
not allow the law to be discussed, remind-
ing them it was their duty to administer
not change the law, and gave as a legal de-
cision from the Embassy, in substance:
I. N o British school m a y be closed for
any reason whatever, without the knowl-
edge and consent of the British Embassy.
O n their asking to close such schools as
had no official permits, a thing not before
required, it was replied—
II. N o British school complying with
the law m a y be disturbed.
W h e n the exclusion of Moslems was
urged, the reply w a s —
III. Missionaries cannot be reqmred to
refuse Moslems asking admission to their
schools.
That ended and closed the incident once
for all so far as British schools are con-
cerned.
Hon. Oscar S. Straus obtained, by his
wise management, a vizerial order, which
officially recognized as regular and legal all
schools opened prior to the order. But
oh, sad day for Americans, w h e n Minister
Straus left Constantinople. Scarcely had
he gone w h e n the Turkish authorities ut-
terly disregarded all their promises, and
began a course of action threatening some
teachers, imprisoning others,finingothers,
and deporting others from their homes;
intimidating school children and their pa-
rents, and also prohibiting people from
coming to our preaching, and thus closed
more than forty schools. They thus ren-
dered the Berlin treaty nil.
Last March the Governor-General of
Adana sent a false charge to Constantino-
ple, accusing Rev. Dr. Metheny, of Mersine,
of detaining some twenty Moslem girls in
school against the wUl of their parents,
with the intention of sending them to
America. T h e official method is to inclose
and send under seal a copy of a charge
against a foreigner. But Minister Terrell
telegraphed the charge, asking "Are you
detaining children in school against the
wish of their parents? If so, dehver them
up and write m e the facts.'' (Signed), Min-
ister TerreU.
Imagine the mischievous effect of such
a telegram, and the evil of such a principle
carried out in this land. F r o m that day to
this the Adana officials boast that Minister
Terrell is with them and against Americans.
Another Governor has since come to power
in Adana. A few days ago he with four-
teen men, unannounced and without any
notice, entered the American domicUe, oc-
cupied by three American ladies, one Swiss,
and one Greek (no gentlemen connected
with the Mission of the A. B. C. F. M . reside
in the city at all), and their pupils of the
girls' seminary. Notwithstanding the pro-
test of the ladies, they walked upstairs into
their private sitting-room, and through the
 Monographs. 33
house. They came, they said, to visit the they only need to demand any chUd as a
school. The Colonel of the troops has Turkish subject, and theywill be sustained.
been made school inspector. They did no This of course means the destruction of all
violence, it is true, but it was a brazen vio- Mission work in the empire, so far as
lation of politeness as well as of treaty, for Americans are concerned. Having suc-
which he should be immediately removed cessfully destroyed all our Mission schools
from office and fined too. But nothing except those in our domiciles, while the
has been done to him. Emboldened by English and others go forward, they n o w
this success, he sent, some four weeks ago, propose to attack all that is left us and
a verbal message by Rev. J. C. Martin, a have begun on our domiciles. As a sequel
British missionary: Tell Dr. Metheny from to this case—or I should say the next stage
m e that unless he deliver up the girls in its development, for only G o d knows
peaceably I wdl go to Mersine with soldiers, what the end will be—the Governor, on
break open his house and take them by receiving orders (I suppose) through the
force. Consul Gibson, of Beirut, having U. S. Legation, not to violate the American
promptly reported him to Constantinople, Mission in Mersine, sent his dragoman to
for this threat, our Minister there again the consular agent in Mersine, denying
sent an open telegram: " Surrender the that he had ever made the threat to do so;
girls, if Turkish subjects, to the proper that the gentlemen must have misunder-
civU authorities." stood him. So false was this that he said
As every pupil in school is here by the the same thing twice over to Rev. J. C.
free 'will and act of their parents, and as Martin, a Canadian working under the A.
Moslems have a right to put their children B. C. F. M., having asked him to come back
in our schools, which are recognized by a second time purposely to repeat his mes-
special vizerial order, it is a grievous wrong sage. This was done in Turkish, which is
thus to go back on the declarations of the the language used by Mr. Martin in Mission
U. S. Legation, as well as the English and work. A few days afterwards Rev. Mr.
other Embassies' interpretation of the Dodds, missionary of the Reformed Pres-
school law. byterian Board in Mersine, went and had
The right of Moslem children to attend an interview with the Governor, when he
our schools has never been called in ques- again repeated his threat in Arabic, the
tion tUl of late. For 41 years they have language used and understood by the Mer-
enjoyed this privUege, during which time sine missionaries. A few days later he sent
hundreds of them have been educated in his dragoman ostensibly to call on the
our schools. The demand for certain girls American ladies in Adana, and in the course
was atfirstmade on the score that they of the conversation asked one of them if
were kept in opposition to the wish of their she knew what answer Dr. Metheny would
parents. This Governor n o w says: " I send to the Governor's message. She re-
will not allow Moslem chUdren to be in pUed that Mr. Dodds had already brought
Christian schools." But the telegram of the answer—that he could not answer a
the U. S. Minister goes a step beyond this verbal message. Tet this very same drago-
and gives the local authorities a hint that man, w h o sat by and heard this threat
34 Monographs.

three times repeated, is sent to deny that interfere with the progress of his dark
it was ever made. And this is the kind of kingdom. Dr. Paton, who, during a brief
testimonythat is received at Constantinople. visit to this country three winters ago, la-
To show that there is an intention to do bored so earnestly and untiringly and at
just that very thing if this let-alone policy such personal sacriflce in behalf of mis-
of the United States is continued, I men- sionary work in the N e w Hebrides, has
tion that a similar threat was made with made the devil very angry. W e congratu-
regard to the boys' school in Latakia, about late our beloved brother. It is his privi-
two weeks ago. They also threatened to lege to say, with the great apostle of the
deport the native teachers, some of whom Gentiles: " A great door, and effectual, is
have been there for fourteen years. One opened unto me, and there are many ad-
old man was arrested and sent to Beirut versaries.'' The newspaper articles that
under the escort of a soldier (whose ex- have appeared in the United States and
penses he had to pay, by the way). W h e n Canada under such headings as " Dr. Pa-
taken before the Governor, he was asked if ton's Phantom Ship," " Dr. Paton Con-
he was not teaching in the American schools. demned by His O w n Church," " Mission-
H e replied that he was not; that he had aries Need to be Looked After," etc., are
not been in their employ for two years; but not worthy of notice and can do no harm.
that if they asked about his religion, he They were in all probability 'written, or at
was a Protestant. When they heard that least inspired by Ruthven, that polished
he was not in the employ of the Americans scoundrel and impostor, who came from
they accepted bail for him and aUowed him Australia some three years ago, and under
to go to a village. the guise of a gospel minister and an ac-
The acceptance of the gospel of peace is credited representative of missionary work
the only thing that can bring peace to the on the Islands, found his way into many
peoples of Turkey and all other lands. churches, but was at last detected and sent
Christ said, " Te know the truth and the to prison for obtaining money under false
truth shall make you free." AU efforts to pretenses in Buffalo, N. T.
close out His light from the peoples must The folio wing letter is an admirable refu-
sooner or later faU. The best course of tation of the slanders and reproaches that
action for all governments concerned (and have been cast upon the character and
all are concerned), is to secure to all peo- work of this trusted servant of the Lord:
ples the civUizing light of the Gospel of " PEESBYTEEIAN CffUEOH OF ViCTOEIA.
Him who is Prince of the kings of the Assembly Hall, CoUms Street East,
earth, the Saviour of sinners. Melboukne, 4th December, 1894.
Da'vid Metheny. Deae Db. Paton :
Mersine, Asia Minor, Jan. 8, 1895. Since your return from Great Britain
and America we have learned with muck
DR. PATON, OF ANIWA.
regret that you have been made the
The enemy of souls will alwaysfindmen subject of grievous misrepresentations oon-
to oppose the work of the Lord, especially cerning your position and mission in these
when it promises to be successful and so countries as representative of the Foreign
 Monographs.
Missions Committee of the Presbyterian
Church of Yictoria. W e are all the more
pained on your account, because w e should
have thought that your good n a m e and un-
tiring and self-denying labors in the cause
of Missions would have been sufficient pro-
tection against any such slanders as have
been issued. Under these circumstances,
we desire to express our sincere sympathy
with you, and to assure all concerned that
you have the perfect confidence of your
committee and also of our Church, as was
shown by the enthusiasm of your reception
at our General Assembly last month, and
by the satisfaction expressed on all hands
over the report you presented of your tour
in Great Britain, Canada and America. It
is quite true that during your absence,
while you were pleading in Great Britain
for funds to maintain a n e w Mission ship,
a motion was tabled in our Commission of
Assembly last M a y declaring that the
scheme for running a n e w 'Dayspring'
had not then beenfinallysanctioned by our
Church, and that you should not commit
us in your pleadings, but that motion was
lost in favor of another, which referred the
whole matter to our F. M . Committee for
investigation. T h e result of such investi-
gation has been that the Committee has
unanimously approved of the scheme in
question, and so has our General Assem-
bly. In this connection it m a y be stated
that our Assembly has simply proceeded
on Unes laid d o w n some ten years ago,
when you were commissioned to visit Great
Britain for the purpose of raising funds to
build a vessel, and your success then has
been foUowed n o w by the raising through
you of sufficient money for the vessel's
maintenance, a result which has given sat-
isfaction to all and called forth an expres-
sion of gratitude from our Assembly.
35
W e therefore hope you will not be dis-
turbed by the misrepresentations that w e
have aUuded to, and our fervent prayer is
that you m a y be long spared to continue
in the service of our Church, where, it is
needless to say, you are honored and be-
loved by all.
O n behalf of the Foreign Missions Com-
mittee, w e are, with kindest regards.
Tours very faithfully,
(Signed) James Gibbon,
Convener.
Andeew Haedie,
E x - Convener.
M. Macdonald, D. D.,
Ex-Convener."
W e do not expect that the papers which
published the slanders will publish the
foregoing defense. There is no sense of
justice in slanderers. W e simply c o m m e n d
to them a careful reading of Ps. 15 :1-3.
A L E X A N D E R PEDEN.
" O m y heart is weary, weary
Of tliese cruel killing times,
When to serve our Saviour freely
Is tbe worst of liuman crimes!
O m y heart is weary, weary
Of this red rule of the sword!
Earth is grown no home for Peden ;
Take m e to Thy home, dear Lord!"
—Professor Blackie.
The name of Alexander Peden is to-day
more widely k n o w n and his memory more
revered and savory, especiaUy among the
c o m m o n people, than those of any other of
the Covenanting ministers of the seven-
teenth century. For the period of twenty-
three years he was either a prisoner or a
wanderer in the wilds, his being indeed
"the voice of one crying in the wUder-
ness." There are few of the most secluded
glens and desert moors in the south and
west of Scotland which are not associated
with his name, and his hidings and miracu-
lous escapes there from the enemy are still
36 Monographs.

familiar to the country people, and are to think with us on this subject, and this
frequently spoken of among themselves and is what he said : "It is impossible to say
the places pointed out to strangers. His whether an inner sense does not really ex-
memory, therefore, is kept more green ist in the mind, seldom developed, indeed,
among the peasantry than those of even but lohich m a y have the power of presenti-
Richard Cameron or James Renwick, with ment. T h e eye can see an object before it
their bright but brief careers and tragic is distinctly apprehended ; w h y m a y there
deaths. The gift of prophecy, too, with which not be a corresponding power in the soul?
Peden was so generally credited in his day, T h e power of prophecy might have been
and which is still largely believed in by the merely a spiritual excitation of this dor-
country people, has given him a wider and mant faculty. Hence you wUl observe that
a more lasting fame than any of his con- the Hebrew seers sometimes seemed to re-
temporaries have attained to. Although quire music.'' G o o d old John Howie, of
there can be no doubt at all that m a n y of Lochgoin, author of the Scots Worthies, is
what have been published as "Peden's most sensible on this subject. Thus, in his
prophecies," and which were collected by best written work. A n A l a r m to a Secure
the credulous though pious Patrick Walker, Generation, he says: " Although these
were never uttered by him, yet it seems things are n o w m a d e to stoop or yield to
impossible to deny that if not gifted to the force of ridicule, the sarcasms of the
foretell future events, he was more far-see- profane and the fashions of an atheistical
ing than all other m e n ofhis time, even than age and generation, yet w e must beUeve
the rapt and devout Richard Cameron, also and conclude with the Spirit of God, that
credited with the gift of prophecy. A n d the secrets of the Lord have been, are and
yet w h o shall say that, when driven from will be with those that fear Him."
the dwellings of m e n to make their abodes Alexander Peden was born at Auchin-
in moorland solitudes and lonely mountain cloich, in the parish of Sorn, in the year
fastnesses, their converse being mostly with 1626, just one year after the accession to
heaven alone, wrestling with G o d in prayer, the throne of King Charles I., a time of
watching for their lives and fleeing from unrest and of the passing of measures
their enemies, that the Holy Spirit did not which were entirely subversive of the Pres-
endow their mental vision with some power byterian order of government in the Church,
to pierce and penetrate the future to a cer- for in 1618 the General Assembly, presided
tain degree, to sustain and keep them from over by the Archbishop of St. Andrews,
altogether sinking under the sea of troubles supported by the other prelates and the
which came surging in upon them so furi- nobility, passed five acts most obnoxious
ously and for so long a period of time; and to the Presbyterians, and Charles at once
that when they rose from their knees, after set himself to carry out all the evil designs
being long in prayer to God, they had not of his father, with an equaUy high hand
something more than a mere " comfortable and with far more ability and astuteness.
persuasion" given them of Sion's deliver- Peden thus came into the world in troub-
ance. O n e of the greatest thinkers of the lous times, and left it, as w e shall see, in
century (Samuel Taylor Coleridge) seemed times more troublous still.
 Monographs.
Where he was educated for the Church
is not known with certainty, but there can
hardly be a doubt that he studied at the
University of Glasgow, distant from Au-
chincloich about twenty-flve miles. For a
while he acted as schoolmaster, session
clerk and precentor at Tarbolton, little
more than two hours' travel from his birth-
place. Sergeant Nisbet, w h o knew Peden
personally, relates h o w that w h e n he was
about to receive license to preach, a vile
scandal was brought against him by a
base, bad woman. H e was, however, fully
freed from it by the confession of the guUty
parties, he having spent the previous
twenty-four hours in wrestling with G o d
in prayer. The whole case is related at
length in a well-written pamphlet by M r .
A. Duncan, evidently a clergyman, who,
though living and writing after M r . Pe-
den's time, had conversed with numbers
who had personal knowledge of all the cir-
cumstances of the case, of the confession
of the guilty plotters against the innocent
man, and h o w Peden declared that the
woman would " m a k e a miserable end,"
and how, afterwards, " she came to the same
spot of ground where he had continued so
long a time praying, and m a d e away with
herself." Peden also said: "Because of
this surfeit of grief that she has given me,
there shall never one of her sex come to
m y bosom." Accordingly, he never mar-
ried.
Having received license to preach, Peden
was soon after settled as minister of N e w
Luce, in Galloway, a parish which some
twelve years before had been separated
from the ancient parish of Glenluce, and
here he continued for three years, until, in
1663, he was ejected from his church by
the Act of Glasgow, called The Drunken
37
Act, where Bishop Burnet tells us that
" the members of the Council were all so
drunk that they were not capable of con-
sidering anything 'that was put before
them, and would hear of nothing but the
executing of the law without any relenting
or delay." T h e Act passed was that aU
ministers w h o had been ordained since the
year 1649 should receive " Collation," or
admission from the bishops of their several
districts, or should be compelled to re-
move from their parishes and Presbyteries,
and that they should then cease from ex-
ercising any part of their ministerial office,
and that none of the parishioners should
repair to them, under pain of being pun-
ished as frequenters of private conventicles
and meetings.
Although w e k n o w little of Peden's work
and manner of life in his secluded parish,
afar among the solemn-looking hills, with
the lone blue sea glittering, gleaming and
moaning away to the west; yet this w e
k n o w — h e was greatly beloved by his peo-
ple ; for when he preached his last sermon
to them in his Uttle church there was sore
weeping and sobbing among them, the af-
fecting service being prolonged until the
shades of night began to fall; and when at
last the parting must take place, all narra-
tors agree in this, that he closed the pul-
pit door behind him, and taking up the pul-
pit Bible he gave three hard knocks upon
it therewith, saying three times over, in
firm and solemn tones, "I arrest thee in
m y Master's name, that none ever enter
thee but such as come in by the door as I
have done.'' And, account for it as w e
may, it is certain that neither curate nor
indulged minister ever entered it for the
next twenty-five years, when, after the Rev-
olution, the pulpit was once more occupied
38 Monographs.
by one of the Presbyterian persuasion.
Mr. Duncan says he had these things re-
lated to him by several old people in the
parish w h o were witnesses of them.
After this Mr. Peden, taking his life in
his hand, went from place to place, preach-
ing, baptizing and exhorting. Early in
January, 1666, a citation for his appear-
ance before them was issued by the Council
at Edinburgh, and for his non-appearance
he was declared a rebel, and forfeited in
life and fortune. Joining the Covenanters
from Galloway, who, gaUed by their per-
secutors, had taken up arms, Peden left
them at Lanark, for which he ever after
bitterly accused himself, although no good
could have come by his continuing with
them, they being soon after sorely defeated
by that savage soldier. General Dalziel, at
Pentland. Peden, however, was not a m a n
of war, like the renowned Richard Cameron.
Tradition still records many of his weary
and perilous wanderings during the course
of the seven years following; n o w in the
deep Glendyne, leading up to the lonely
mountains which, in all directions, stretch
away from the mist-crowned heights of
Wanlockhead; n o w in the valley of the
Cree, by the shores of dark Loch Trool, or
among the farm-steadings, or with the
friendly lairds of Carrick. In the latter
district, in 1673, he was apprehended by
Major Cockburn in the house of Mr. H u g h
Ferguson, of Knockdow, and being carried
prisoner to Edinburgh, he was sent to and
confined on the Bass Rock forfiveyears.
In December, 1678, he was brought to
Edinburgh, and 'with sixty others, sen-
tenced to be transported to Virginia,
not to return to Scotland under pain of
death. They were all sent by sea to Lon-
don, Peden, however, confidently telling
them that " the ship was not yet buUt that
would take them to America." A n d so it
turned out, for the captain w h o had been
engaged to carry them thither,findingthat
they were being banished for their religious
opinions only, refused to take them on
board, and the other captain refusing to
keep them any longer, they were set at liber-
ty, and found their way back to their hiding-
places in Scotland in safety, the English
showing them great kindness by the way.
Peden, however, did not return at the same
time as the others, he not returning tUl
the summer of 1679, and just when the
Covenanters—.outnumbered, disunited, and
betrayed—were being defeated and slaugh-
tered at Bothwell Bridge. For safety, Pe-
den went for a short time to Ireland, and
shortly after his return he married the
pious and intelligent John Brown,of Priest-
hill, in the wilds of Muirkirk, to the equaUy
excellent Isabel Weir, a native of Sorn,
whose lot, more even than that of her foully
murdered husband, has caused more tears
to trickle from the eyes than that of any
other Scottish widow has, perhaps, ever
done since. W h e n the marriage had taken
place, Peden is said to have taken the
young wife aside, and said to her: " Isabel,
you have got a good m a n to be your hus-
band, but you will not enjoy him long;
prize his company, and keep linen by you
to be his winding sheet, for you will need
it when you are not looking for it, and it
will be a bloody one.'' A n d so it came to
pass only four years after, on a M a y morn-
ing, when oue of the most wantonly
cruel crimes was committed by " the bloody
Graham," of Claverhouse, in the shooting
of " the Christian carrier," at his own door,
in presence of his wife, with one terrified
child by her side, a babe in her arms, and
 Alonographs. 39
another about to be born. Her God, how- farm not then being in his brother's pos-
ever, not only supported her in that awful session at all, but in that of a " John Rich-
hour, but made her strong and bold even m a n " (Richmond), as w e have found from
to rebuke and defy the h u m a n fiend after the most conclusive evidence. The farm
he had scattered her dear husband's brains where his brother then was, and where
upon the heath. Peden died, was that of Ten-Shilling-Side,
After this Mr. Peden went to Ireland in the parish of Sorn, though close to the
again, where some of the most remarkable boundary of that of Auchinleck, and only
events of his life took place, and which he about balf a mile from Auchinleck House,
is said to have predicted, but which w e the seat of the Boswells; and the cave,
have not space to relate ; but the truth of which was his last hiding-place, is in a rock,
which Mr. Duncan, already referred to, close to, and rising abruptly trom the
says " were confirmed to him when he was stream, and which is still very m u c h hid-
in Ireland.'' den, and which no stranger could ever dis-
In his latter years Peden preached less cover, the entrance being a narrow ledge
but prayed more; saying that " it was only of red sandstone, the pool beneath being
praying folks w h o would get through the dark and deep. Shortly before his death
storm." His last sermon was preached at he was visited by that youthful and enthu-
CoUumwood, a most romantic and secluded siastic upholder of the Covenant, James
spot on the water of Ayr, a few miles be- Renwick, when a misundeistanding which
fore it falls into the Firth of Clyde, at thehad taken place between them was fully
town of Ayr. A little while before this he cleared up. At parting, the aged saint said
came in his wanderings to tbe grave of to the youthful hero: " G o on in single
Richard Cameron, in the lone and wild dependence on the Lord, and ye will get
Ayrsmoss, where weary and worn, sad at honestly through, and clear off the stage,
heart, and in hourly peril from the King's when m a n y others w h o hold their heads
troops, and base informers and spies w h o high will lie in the mire, and make foul
were in search of him, he sat himself d o w nhands and garments."
and cried—" O to be wi' Ritchie! " Soon, Soon after this,findinghis end approach-
however, the light of heaven — through ing, and learning that his hiding-place had
the promised Comfoxter — inspired him been discovered, he appeared one moruing
with hope and courage— early at his brother's house, whose wife
seeing him told him that he must go back
" And Peden went his way refreshed, to the cave, for the enemy would be there
For peace and hope were given ; directly. H e said that the cave being dis-
And Cameron's grave had proved to him
The very gate of heaven." covered, he had done with it, bub in forty-
eight hours he would be beyond the reach
It has always been supposed, and very of all his enemies. H e '^Iso said that bury
often said, that Peden died at Auchincloich, him where they might he would be lifted
his brother's house, where he was born. It again. H e was then hidden as best they
is true that he died at his brother's house, could in the house, and though shortly
but this was not then at Auchincloich, that after the soldiers came and searched the
40 Monographs.

place—not finding him in the cave—they last s u m m e r at the age of 84 years, told us
missed him, and the good, weary old m a n that he remembered it in this state from
died in peace. his boyhood, and so had his father from
Peden's biographers all state that he his boyhood! N o t only so, but the writer
was buried in the Laird of Affleck's aisle ; of this article has himself seen the withered
but this also is an error, and no one w h o branch, bare and shrivelled w h e n a U the
knows the ancient Boswell family, and others were green; held aloft to heaven,
their strange rock-hewn family vault, deep " Nature's protest against the sacrilegious
under the ground, will doubt that it is an crime! "
error. But w e have other proof. We T h e brutal soldiers and the equally bru-
quite well remember a very aged and a tal commander of the party, carried the
highly respectable man, named Hodge, and body to Cumnock, and would have hung it
he unhesitatingly stated tbat, w h e n a little in chains on the gallows tbere, but for the
boy, he had heard his grandfather relate intervention of William II., Earl of Dum-
tbat he bad witnessed the lifting of Peden, fries, a Privy Councillor, w h e n it was
standing amid a group of horror-stricken buried at the gallows foot, but which half
villagers. The grave, he said, was at some a century later became part of the church-
distance from, and south of the Auchinleck yard, and where, in addition to the old
aisle. Regarding this matter he was quite gravestone which covers his remains, a
positive, for he (the grandfather) saw the costly and beautiful granite monument to
winding-sheet which was torn from off tbe his m e m o r y was erected three years ago,
body when the coflin was broken open, and and inaugurated by Professor Blackie in
being hung over a gravestone, was wafted presence of fully 4,000 people, a full ac-
to a considerable distance by a sudden gust count of which, with a capital representa-
of wind, though the day had previously tion of the monument, will be found in the
been calm, and being caught by the ex- appendix to the second edition of the
tended branch of a plane tree, hung there H o m e s , Haunts, and Battlefields of the
fluttering in the breeze! F r o m tbat day Covenanters.
until the tree was blown d o w n during a Of the evil and dark days in which Peden
great storm, some twenty five years ago, and the Covenanters " wrestled with prin-
the branch where the winding-sheet hung, cipalities and powers, and beat them,'' we
the oldest people of the place solemnly de- m a y n o w thankfully^ say, in the words of a
clared, never bore bud or leaf more ; and poet w h o m -we m a y not name, and with
certainly this was the case for more than a which w e conclude—
century at least before the tree fell; and
yet the branch, though withered, did not " These evil times have pass'd awaj':
rot and fall away ! That it thus stood for The war-trump and the drum,
at least a century before it fell is no fiction, Tlie chish of arms, the battle-bray
for a master builder—the late Mr. Jolm 'Mong Scotia's hills are dumb,
Gibson, of Dalmellington, a native of Au- And since not uow our necks are bent
To tyrants and the sword,
chinleck—one of the most worthy and in-
W o owe it all to those who stood
teUigent m e n w e ever knew, who died onlv Aud battled for Ihe Lord.
 Monographs.
Tet long will patriots drop the tear
Which pity aye wUl crave,
From those w h o come from far and near
To visit Peden's grave."
A. B. Todd.
C u m n o c k , Scotland.
MISSIONART INCIDENTS. *
Since w e came from the mountains
we have been visited by some of our
old friends, the Circassians, w h o stayed
in our house last winter. They are
very bigoted Moslems, but when they
want any favors they seem to turn to
Protestants. The rooms they ocoupied
last winter are now all in use, and the only
accommodation the Doctor had to offer
them was his waiting room. Tbis opens to
the street and they have no ingress to the
school yard. A rather curious incident
took place yesterday. A young Pellah
from Tarsus had been stabbed some twelve
days ago, and on Saturday was brought for
treatment. Doctor gave him some medicine
and told him to come back Sabbath morn-
ing. H e was brought in an apparently
dying condition by A h m e d Rejab, a tall,
stout, young Fellah. A h m e d Mustufa,
originally an orthodox Moslem, came and
asked the doorkeeper where they should
put him. H e replied to take him to the
waiting room. They did so, and seeing a
straw bed laid him on it. The chief of the
Circassians came in soon, and made a
vehement protest against their premises
being invaded. " W h y , " said A h m e d
Mustufa, an enormous stout fellow, " that
is what this place is for." The chief used
some very approbrious epithets to him.
Ahmed looked at him a m o m e n t and re-
marked, " Perhaps w e had better give you
'* We are indebted to Mrs. J. A. Black, CoiTespondiug
Secretary of the Kehoboth L. M. S. for these incidents.
41
the key of the whole establishment." T h e
pith of the situation w a s in the fact that all
the parties in the transaction were nomi-
nally Moslems. T e t the Circassian w h o ,
with his o w n people, w a s enjoying Christian
charity, was not willing that another poor
wretch should share it. Afterwards the
sick m a n w a s removed to another r o o m
occupied b y a y o u n g G e r m a n , and Saleh,
the Fellah, w h o w a s baptized a few weeks
ago. Doctor thought Saleh would be the
best nurse, as h e could talk to the m a n in
his o w n tongue. W h e n he went d o w n at
bed-time he found him trying to set the
Gospel before him. Saleh is a brother of
Suleyman w h o m y o u have already heard of
through the Heeald os Mission News. H e
is like him, very simple and even of more
limited attainments, yet no one can do
more than impart what he has.
Testerday, too, an old lady from Tarsus
was here wi'oh her two girls. She was a
Fellahi. Her garments were literally
tatters and far from clean. The ladies in
their generosity provided her with a com-
plete suit, but she was afraid she would
take cold if she changed. They got her to
go into the kitchen by thefire,and helped
her to get into the new garments. As
they were light colored the under-garments
raised no protest, but when it came to
putting on a dark jacket and a skirt of
dark green cloth she thrust them away,
declaring that she had always worn white
—all Moslems wore white and she couldn't
wear those. N o persuasion could induce
her to change her mind, and she preferred
shivering in her old rags. I have no doubt
she thought it was all a scheme to make a
Christian of her.
Maby E. Metheny.
Mersine, A s i a M i n o r .
 FACTS TO THINK A N D P R A T ABOUT.
T h e following facts regarding the missionary activity of twenty-one different denominations in the United
States have been kindly furnished to us by the secretaries of the respective missionary societies of these denomina-
tions. In each case they are based on the summaries for the last ecclesiastical year. They represent a total com-
municant membership of 9,324,114.
CC iK ' +J "S •S"! i,ai. a3 o 3
o OR .S'S o o •gy^ 'a
,0 13 a op-*
0
o fl to
Name of Denomination. fl w fl O ^ Si v,5'3.2
o O .fl »
d«3 S'^fl bo c:
f^'n^^ o o yi ^9 S'" QJ O "^
.-.fla c3 --42 CO a B M
Eh Brt O ^^ fM H H « <!
.f^'ES fl.-BO'S
1. Baptist (North) 8,163 9 000 159 57-1 800,000 000 $0.61 5,063
3. Baptist (South) 17,346 9,610 44 318:1 1,363,351 Eh
110,803 0.08 30,983
3. Christian 1,711 255 15^ 1,281 4 330:1
5,140 3,061 60<^ 5,003 184 27:1 100,000 5,414 0.05 25,000
4. Congregational 3,881 933 33^ 1,708 6 385:1 543,735 705,133 1.39 3,950
5. Cumb. Presb 7,346 1,806 35^ 3,897 37 144:1 184,138 34,429 0.13 .30,690
6. Disciples 1,833 1,094 8 137-1 641,050 73,358 0.11 23,743
1,491 1,088 10 109:1
7. Ev. iliuth. (Gen. Coun,).
9. 1,537 585 m 1,338 6 233:1 315,658 16,983 0.05 89,457
' Ev. Luth. (Gen. Syn.)...
10. 650 158 24:% 2 300 4 575:1 169,689 56.994 0.84 16,969
11. Free Baptist 34,535 33,000 QS% 16,800 330 76:1 82,694 31,735 0.88 13,783
13,185 13,135 90^ 5,487 46 119:1
13. Ger. Baptist Breth 7,387 4,947 67^ 6,641 308 33:1 65,000 3,285 0.05 16,250
13. M. E. (North) 2,713 1,640 6 0 .J 1,319 50 36:1 1,397,439 568,904 0.41 6,352
14. M. E. (South) 5,734 3,615 46;^ 4,300 88 49:1 1,345,210 344,735 0.18 29,244
Presb. (North) 1,591 933 5 184'1 895,997 841,553 0.94 4 308
Presb. (South) 589 494 84^ 595 34 35:1
18, 119 109 5 21:1 199,167 137,337 0.69 3,983
15. Prot. Episc
19. 4,188 1 649 58 38-1 570,000 338,103 0.42 6,477
16. Ref. Ch. inU. S
20.
769 83;^ 833 38 30:1 216,436 31,791 0.15 43,287
939
17. Ref. Ch. in A m
31.
653 300 3 150:1 98.883 106,571 1.08 4,120
Ref. Presb
Totals 109,618 ' ' * 75,375 1,186 9,787 ?3,847,191
64:1 9,324,114 19,355 1.97
10.40 1,957
7,863
U. B. in Christ 308,453 39,665 0.14 3,594
T h i n kPresb
United / Forty cents w a s all that the average church m e m b e r in the United States
104,058 could spare last
112,315 1.08 year3,716out
of his
Wesleya b u Meth
n d a n c e to send the Gospel to the uttermost part of the earth! It took 15,1067,862 4,000
church 0.36
m e m b e r7,553
s to
support o n e ordained foreign missionary last year! W e have only given o n e sixty-fourth of o u r ordained ministers
to carry the g o o d tidings of great joy to the half that have never been told of Jesus' love!
P r a y 1 " Lord, what wilt thou bave m e to do !"
Tell it o u t ! A w a k e n Christians everywhere to their duty !—Student Volunteer.
 Editorial Notes.
EDITORIAL
—The Heeald op Mission News is very titions. I believe 'we have the petitions
much indebted to some subscribers, who,
deeply interested in the cause of Missions
and wishing to help on the work, have not
only sent forward renewals for 1895, but
lists of new names. Those w h o are in
arrears for 1894, probably in m a n y instan-
ces through thoughtlessness, should at least
remit what they owe. N o one is under
obligation to subscribe for the paper, but
having done so, he is legally and morally
bound to pay for it, until he orders it
discontinued.
—Special attention is called to a mono-
gi-aph on " Our Mission Schools in Turkey,''
in which Dr. Metheny draws a vivid picture
of the determined efforts of the Turkish
authorities to put an end to missionary
'work. T h e U . S. Minister to Turkey is
either incapacitated for the high position
he has been chosen tofill,or so completely
out of sympathy with Christianity, that,
instead of advocating and insisting on the
rights of missionaries, he throws the whole
'weight of his influence on the side of the
enemy. There is no doubt that the Media-
tor wUl overrule all these commotions and
agitations for the advancement of His
cause, but H e will do this in answer to the
prayers of His people. A s Dr. Metheny
says in a private letter, " G o d wUl not be
thwarted." A n d then, after urging us to
see the President, if possible, and' lay the
whole question once more before the De-
partment of State, he says: " D o not be
disappointed and especially do not be cast
down, for w e are sure w e have access with
less formaUty to O n e W h o m the Father
always heareth. His mediation never fails.
W e are trying tofillHis ear with our pe-
43
N O T E S .
w e desired of H i m ' already, however it
m a y appear outwardly."
Attention is also called to the story of
Isa Haurani's banishment, showing that
the same spirit of evil is at work in all our
Mission fields.
— R e v . Dr. and Mrs. Martin, representa-
tives of the Irish and Scotch churches,
arrived on Saturday, January 5th, at Alex-
andretta on the way to their Antioch home.
Our young brother. Rev. W . M . Nevin,
who had accompanied them as far as West
Kirby, Cheshire, England, was detained
there by the sudden illness of his wife.
W e are glad, however, to learn through the
January Covenanter that " the news from
Mrs. Nevin continues to be of a very en-
couraging kind, and that w e are permitted
to look soon for her perfect recovery and
fitness for traveling to the missionary
field."
— I t gives us pleasure to be able to pre-
sent our readers with a picture of a Chris-
tian Endeavor Society in Mersine, Asia
Minor. Miss Linnie Metheny set her
heart on having a society; young, and with
no experience to guide her, she persisted
in her Christian Endeavor, until success
crowned her efforts. T h e meetings, as
Miss Jennie B. D o d d s tells us, are very inter-
esting and some of the girls are doing good
work. " H o w I long," she says, " to be able
to talk to them in the Arabic. It is n ot satis-
factory to speak through an interpreter.
I could do so m u c h better, if I could talk
to the associate members once in a while
alone about their condition. I do enjoy
seeing the spiritual growth of these girls."
— O n N e w Tear's D a y w e received from
44 Editorial Notes,
some one, whose name is unknown to us,
the following letter:
" Dear Sie :
Enclosed pleasefindfiftydollars to be
used in the Lord's work, wherever you think
it most needed. I make this thank offer-
ing to m y Saviour, who has done so much
for m e ; and, as I look back over the past
year and remember God's mercies to m e
and mine, I could wish that m y offering
were a thousand times the amount.
M y desire is that this may arouse
some others to do more for H i m and that
we may not only pray, 'Thy Kingdom
come,' but do what we can to usher in
His Kingdom. A Covenantee.
This money has been handed to our
Treasurer, Mr. Walter T. MUler, to aid in
liquidating the debt incurred by making
necessary repairs and alterations in the
Lower and Upper Houses in Suadia. At
the request of Rev, J. Boggs Dodds we
thankfully acknowledge the following con-
tributions to Repairs on the Upper House :
Miss Mattie R. Wylie £2 0 0
Miss WUlia Dodds 40 0
Dr. J. M. Balph 50 0
Latakia.
Rev. J. Boggs and Mrs. Dodds 6 0 0
Suadia.
£17 0 0
The friends of the Mission wiU please
remember that this work has been done by
the authority of Synod and that many
hundred doUars are still needed for
that purpose. Surely there are twenty
men or women in the Reformed Presby-
terian Church who would like to give fifty
doUars each as a thank offering at this
season of the year.
—Early in the same month we received
from a young man, a member of 2d N e w
Tork, the sum of fifty-two doUars, Sth
semi-annual payment on afive-yearpledge
of two dollars a week for the work in
Suadia.
— A letter dated January 3, '95, was duly
received from Mrs. Betsey H. Morse, of
Danville, Vt. Mrs. Morse, who tells us that
she is now " on the verge of her 92d year,"
and that her "eyes are failing even with the
oldest glasses she can procure," has been a
subscriber to the Heeaid of Mission News
from its first issue, and seems to be a
devoted friend of missionary work. Every
year she sends, 'with her renewal, a dona-
tion offiftycents to the Indian Mission.
If the rich were to make their offerings in
the same spirit and -with equal regularity,
there would be no lack of funds to carry
on the Lord's work.
— T h e following contributions for the
Foreign Missions were sent to the treas-
urer last month through the Hebald of
Mission News :
Rev. Isaiah Faris $2.85
Vernon, Wis.
Lisbon Cong., Rev. W m . McPariand $35.00
Flackville, N. Y.
— A few days ago the mail brought us a
letter from Miss Mary E. Wilson, of New-
burgh, N. T. It covered twelve doUars and
fifty cents, the fourth qiiaiderly payment of
fifty dollars promised by the T. P. S. C. E.
of the First R. P. Congregation in that
city towards the work in Syria.
— A t the close of prayer-meeting on the
last Wednesday in January, a young man
handed us the following letter, with the re-
mark, "it is from a friend of mine: '
Dbae Sie :
Inclosed please find $40.00 for Christ's
work iu the Missions of the R. P. Church.
Please forwardfivedoUars of this to Mr.
 Editorial Notes. 45

Nathan Feinberg, thefirstto embrace the Rev. George Kennedy $15.00

faith of Christ in the Mission of the Cove- Beaver Falls, Pa.
nant to Israel. Rev. D. C. Faris 5.00
I learned of his losing his situation on W . Barnet, Vt.
account of his taking Christ to be his own Brethren who have not yet paid for a
personal Saviour, I therefore wish him to second year will please bear in mind that
receive thesefivedollars to strengthen his the money is now due. Those who have
faith in Him who is the Holy One of Israel. not subscribed to the fund are invited to
The remaining $35.00 I ask you to divide share with us in this privilege.
among the foUowing Missions as their need — T h e elders have also made the follow-
requires: ing payments towards the salary of their
Foreign Missions, missionary:
Southern Mission,
Mr. Robert Wylie $3.65
Indian Mission, Harlansburgh, Pa.
Chinese Mission, Mr. M. G. Euwer 3.65
Mission of the Covenant to Israel. Parnassus, Pa.
One Teusting in Cheist. Mr. R. G. Robb 4.OO
The money has been distributed accord- Sharon, la.
Mr. James Mann 3.65
ing to the instructions of the donor.
Vernon, Wis.
—The same evening a member of Second
Mr. W m . Brown 5.00
New Tork gave us, as he has done for 3d New York.
many years,fivehundred dollars for the Mr. James Scott 5.00
school work in Syria. This offering has Primrose, Pa.
been paid into the Foreign Mission treas- Mr. Thompson Moore 3.66
ury. Mr. G. R. MiUer 3.65
—Since our last .report the ministers of Mr. I. M. Aikin 3.65
the church have made the following pay- Mr. T. G. Graham 5.00
ments towards the salary of Pastors' Mis- Olathe, Kan.
sionary : Mr. J. H. Graham 3.65
Eev. T. P. Robb $20.00 Wyman, la.
Linton, la. Memorial to the late Jas. R. McKee. .15.00
Kev. G. B. McBurney 5.00 One of the elders in forwarding his sub-
Avery, la.
scription and those of his associates, as
Bev. D. H. Coulter 15.00
well as money for missionary purposes
Winchester, Kan.
Bev. S. G. Shaw, Ph. D 15.00 from members of his family, says: I can
Walton, la. assure you our prayers go with these con-
Eev. T. H. Acheson 10.00 tributions. Will not all the elders of the
Hopkinton, la. church unite in this service? It would
Eev. W m . McFariand 5.00 certainly be spiritually helpful to them
Flackville, N. Y. and an inspiration to the people entrusted
Bev. W . M. Glasgow 5.00 to their pastoral oversight.
46 Editorial Notes.

The foUowing contributions have been Miss M a y A. Sterrett $5.20

paid in by the young w o m e n of the church Philadelphia, Pa.
towards the salary of their missionary for a Mrs. C. M. Robb 3.65
Linton, Iowa.
third year:
Miss Kate McBurney 12.50
Miss Margaret Gilchrist $12.50
Ft. Sill, Okla. Ter.
Almeda, N. Y.
Miss Jennie Mathews 3.65
Mrs. Lizzie A. Wylie 5.20
Marissa, HI.
Miss Mary E. BeU 3.65
Miss Lizzie McNaughton 5.20
Miss M a u d Graham 3.65 Latakia, Syria.
Mrs. L. G. Graham 5.20 Mrs. S. M . McNaugher 5.20
Miss Anna M . Adams 3.65 Boston, Mass.
Miss Sadie A. Sterrett 3.65 Mrs. Eda S. E. McKee 10.00
Miss Ella M . MitcheU 3.65 New Brighton, Pa.
Miss A. Rachel Wylie 3.65 — I n case money intended for either
Miss Libbie McKelvey 3.65 of these funds is not promptly
Miss Lizzie Sterrett 3.65 acknowledged, or incorrectly reported
Olathe, Kan. in these columns, word should be sent
Mrs. Mary E. Metheny 12.50 immediately to the offlce of the Herald
Mersine, Asia Minor.
OP Mission News.
Miss Jane M . Edgar 5.00
1st Boston, Mass.
— A letter from Dr. J. G. Paton, dated
Miss E U a A. RusseU 3.65 December 12, 1894, informs us that he
Delhi, N. Y. was then in Tasmania, where he expected
Mrs. John Turbett 5.20 to be busy for five or six weeks, "after
New York. which,'' he writes, "I 'will return for a
Miss Maggie Eobison 5.20 time to the Islands, to give m y dear
Dresden, Ohio. Aniwan converts, if G o d wiU, a new start
Miss Sadie E. Caskey 5.20 in His blessed service." His son, Eev.
Central Allegheny, Pa. Fred Paton, has been a missionary for
Mrs. W . A. Snair 3.65 some two years on Malekula, one of the
Eochester, Kan.
hottest and most unhealthy islands in the
Mrs. Maggie A. Stevenson 12.50
Eskridge, Kan. group, but whose inhabitants are, as Mrs.
Mrs. D. S. Ervin 3.65 Dr. Paton says in her Notes of a recent visit
Mrs. M . C. Ervin 3.65 to the N e w Hebrides, "very lovable ***
Mrs. S. A. SprouU 3.65 and capable of taking on a true polish, not
Mrs. I. C. Sterrett 3.65 veneer, when theyare Christianized. Gen-
Miss Marie Ervin 3,65 tle, almost courtly, manners seem to come
Miss Mabel Ervin 3.65 natural to them after they are delivered
Mrs. Mary George 3,65 from their savagery and have mixed in
Miss Mary Fowler 3.65 civilized life.''
Miss Maggie McNiel 3.65 Another son. Rev. Frank Paton, has
Miss M . W . McMillan 3.65 agreed to open up a pioneer station on the
Cedarville, Ohio. West Coast of Tanna, the very island
 Editorial Notes.
where his father encountered so m a n y
difficulties in his early ministry and from
which he was eventually forced to retire.
The 6,000 cannibals to w h o m this young
missionary wUl go "are heathen whose
language is imwritten and almost un-
known."
In the interesting report that Dr. Paton
presented to the General Assembly of the
Victorian Churches, on returning to Mel-
bourne from America and Great Britain,
he gave- a detailed and very satisfactory
account of his operations during an ab-
sence of two years. In regard to his efforts
to raise the five thousand dollars needed
annually to run a n e w Mission ship with
steam auxiliary power j he said:
"Moderator and Brethren, I laid our
need of a new Mission ship, and the whole
work and interests of our Mission, as is
my custom, before the Lord in prayer,
believing that if after hearing m y statement.
H e led His people voluntarily to send m e
the yearly extra £1,000 needed to keep our
new ship, it would be a clear proof that
H e would give her to our Mission. For
this purpose donations began to come
to m e from all quarters, and I called
on NeU Mathieson, Esq., a pious
gentleman in Liverpool, to thank him for
£50 he had sent m e for the Mission, when,
after a friendly conversation, he said,
'Since I heard you I have been convinced
that £6,000 will not build a vessel large
enough and good enough for your Mission,
and I a m going to give you £1,000 to add
to the building fund.' In tears of joy I
thanked G o d and His dear servant, yet I
could not help saying, 'I wish you had
given it to help to keep the vessel for one
year.' H e replied, 'It is given to get
you a larger and better vessel for the Mis-
47
sion, and the other will also come.' Lord
Ovetown had been in the chair at two
meetings I addressed, and one morning
that able and devoted servant of the Lord
entered a railway carriage in which I was
a passenger. After a friendly conversation,
he said, ' M y wife and I gave you £200 to
help to build your new Mission ship, and
now I a m going to give you £100 per an-
n u m for five years to help to keep her,
and to encourage you, and others to help
you, I will send you the £500 to-morrow
morning,' and he did so. With great joy
I thanked God and His dear servant. In
quick succession incident after incident
n o w followed in smaller sums, proving the
hand of G o d with m e in this also, till, in-
cluding the above in the new ship support
fund, G o d has given m e £3,055 6s. 3d.
paid up, and £1,000 subscribed per an-
n u m to help to keep her by His servants.
This fund is left in the hands of m y
brother, in Glasgow, for if you refuse to
build the ship, our much needed Mission
ship, I have promised to offer it all back
to the donors, and our Church and Mission
will not only lose it,but the £1,000 promised
per annum, and much more to help in the
work of our Mission. If the work moves
on, as w e hope it will, a gentleman in Ire-
land in his will has left m e nearly £1,000
for it. Moderator and Brethren, surely I
shall not be so humbled before God, His
Church, and the world, as to have to in-
form all, that though w e have yet over
40,000 perishing cannibals without anyone
to give them the Gospel, and our Mission
work crippled for want of a ship to carry
it to them; yet influenced by a few, our
Church is led to refuse to accept the ship
and the needed money-help from God's
hand per His people to keep her. I do
48 Edit'^rial Notes.

hope there will not now be found a m a n in issued an edition large enough to supply
our Committees and Church so to fight the whole Church. The leading principles
against G o d and our Mission's best of our denomination are stated so briefly,
interests as to oppose building the ship at yet clearly, that anyone can learn in a few
once; and if w e buUd her, every mis- minutes what w e believe and why. This
sionary in our Mission, and every Church pamphlet ma.y be obtained from Mr.
supporting the Mission, will rejoice prais- Patton at the following rates:
ing G o d and thanking you. The Lord Per copy 5 cents.
has surely done His part of the work, and 6 copies 20 "
used m e in doing mine, and on you now 10 " 30 "
rests the whole responsibUity of carrying 15 " 40 "
out His purpose, to us so clearly revealed. 20 " 50 "
" Let m e here add that our Church and
Committee are not bound to any course by Mr. Patton has also sent us a copy of
what I have done. I was onl.y the instru- the Covenanter Record, a Uttle four-page
ment, Jesus did it all, and I beseech you monthly, published in the interests of the
all to give H i m all the praise and glory. * * * Colorado Presbytery, at 10 cents a year.
I most earnestly plead with you at once to — T h e Monthly Bulletin has been laid
agree to build the new Mission ship, and on our table. It represents the Reformed
plead also for your sympathy, prayers, and Presbyterian Church at Walton, N. T.,
help in keeping her and in completing the under the pastoral care of Rev. S. G.
blessed work of our Mission on the N e w Shaw, Ph. D. O n the first page are the
Hebrides." hours of Sabbath services, and on the
W e need only add that the Assembly fourth a table of ofiicers, missions, and
approved of the scheme and sanctioned societies connected -with the congregation.
the building of a new " Dayspring" ac- The second page records the events of the
cording to specifications to be approved of previous month, and the third teUs of the
by the Mission Committee. plans for the current month. This miniature
— R e v . James Patton, of Evans, Colorado, monthly is well worth ten cents to those
has sent us a copy of a little treatise on w h o wish to know what the little church
the principles of the Reformed Presby- in Walton is doing.
terian Church. It was originally published T w o Books in O n e . — T h e Story of St.
for the benefit of the people of his own Patrick, etc., etc., announced in the
congregation and community, but at the January number, can be obtained from the
request of the Committee of Publication Heeald of Mission Nbws. Write for
appointed by Colorado Presbytery, he has special terms.

D o not forget that u n d e r G o d , tbe success of our missionary operations

depend o n the liberality of the people w h o s e representatives are laboring so
faithfully at H o m e a n d Abroad.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
March, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1895.

O U R VIEWS OF MISSION W O R K .
THE EARTH FILLED WITH GOD'S put them in possession of the land to
GLORT. which H e had been steadily leading them
Rev. J. A. Black, Wyman, la. forward. H e therefore proposed to de-
That was a remarkable declaration which stroy the whole nation by a single stroke,
God made to Moses, " As truly as I live, but at the intercession of Moses H e par-
all the earth shall befilledwith the glory doned their unbelief and rebellion, yet H e
of the Lord." The spies, with two distin- declared that none of that generation
guished exceptions, who had been sent to who had provoked Him should enter the
explore the land of Canaan, had just re- inheritance which H e had sworn to their
turned with a very discouraging report. fathers to give them. They had despised
WhUe admitting the fertility of the soil the good land, and they shall not enjoy it.
and exhibiting specimens of its marvelous They had distrusted His promise, and the
productiveness, they gave a gloomy repre- blessing shall fnot be theirs. They had
sentation of the grave difiicnlties that said that Israel was not able to conquer
would have to be encountered before the the land, but God declares H e wUl con-
country could be subdued and possessed. quer all the earth. Notwithstanding their
In their eyes its cities were impregnable disobedience and their opposition. H e did
strongholds, walled up to the very heav- conquer the land of Canaan. Men com-
ens, and the inhabitants appeared to them plain that the attempt of the Church to
as men of prodigious stature and strength, convert the heathen world is a failure, and
with whom it would be folly to engage in yet converts in Foreign Missionfieldscost
battle. On heariug these statements, the less and are more numerous, in proportion
whole nation were terror-stricken, and, like to the means employed, than at home.
chUdren, gave vent to their feelings in Doubt this promise, and all incentive to
tears and bitter complaints. Utterly de- work for the reformation of society and
spairing of ever being able to drive out the conversion of the world to God is de-
such formidable enemies from their inher- stroyed.
itance, they began to talk about choosing W h o is H e that says, "As truly as I Uve
some one as a captain to lead them back ali the earth shall befilledwith the glory
again to Egypt. God's anger was kindled of the Lord " ? Not a mere man; not a
against them. They had, with a perversity mighty potentate who sways the scepter
almost incredible, questioned His ability to over a limited portion' of this earth's sur-
50 Our Views of Mission Work.
face and rules a few mUlions of his fellow
creatures; not an angel w h o excels in
strength; but God, the Almighty, the
Lord of armies, w h o controls all the forces
and all the agencies of universal nature—
w h o is infinite in wisdom, in power, in
goodness and in truth. H e it is w h o de-
clares that the earth shall be fiUed with
the glory of the Lord, Because H e could
swear by no greater. H e swears by Himself,
by His o w n existence and the certainty of
the accomplishment of His purpose. So
surely as H e lives, so surely shall His
word be fulfilled. " H e is not m a n that H e
should lie, nor the son of m a n that H e
should repent." Every promise that H e
has m a d e is guaranteed as well by His
natural attributes of wisdom, power and
sufficiency as by His perfect moral recti-
tude.
Unbelievers m a y deride every attempt
to convert the world and fill it with the
glory of the Lord; and even believers,
while viewing things through the medium
of sense, m a y discover what appears to
them insurmountable difliculties in the
w a y — " t h e people wiU not believe nor
hearken to our voice; the prejudices of
m e n here in our very midst are almost in-
superable, and if w e go abroad the state of
things is stUl worse. H o w can w e hope
ever to lift up into the high plane of
Christian living the besotted millions of
Africa, India, China or Japan ?" But all
this is only a repetition of the objections
of the unbelieving Israelites, " The people
be strong that dwell in the land, and the
cities are great and walled up to heaven ;
moreover, we saw the children of Anak
there." If w e only believe, such fears wUl
vanish and all such difficulties disappear.
A U things are possible to him that be-
Ueveth. T h e faith that takes hold of God's
arm becomes a partaker of His omnipo-
tence. H e must cease to be true—yea,
cease to exist—if H e does notfillthe earth
with His glory.
Everything in the universe is made sub-
servient to the accomplishment of this
purpose. T h e world itself was created for
the Son of God, not only as a place for
H i m to live upon for a time when H e be-
cameflesh,but as a stage on which to dis-
play the Divine glory. B y a decree whose
antiquity reaches back into the remoteness
of a past eternity, the heathen ^«'%iven
H i m for His inheritance and the uttermost
parts of the earth for His possession. Tea,
for His sake every rank and order of being
in aU the regions of God's universe, within
and beyond the range of mortal -vision,
were called into existence. " B y Him,"
says Paul, "were aU things created that
are in heaven and that are in earth, visible
and invisible, whether they be thrones, or
dominions, or principalities, or powers—all
things were created by H i m and for Him."
But providence, as w e U as creation, is
m a d e subservient to the same great end of
filling the earth with the glory of the
Lord. W e are expressly told that it is the
purpose of G o d "in the dispensation of
the fulness of times to gather together in
one all things in Christ, both which are in
heaven and which are on earth; even in
Him." The Inoai'nation, Ufe, death, resur-
rection, ascension and exaltation of the
blessed Redeemer, each and all, contem-
plate the subjugation of a rebel world to
the sovereign sway of its rightful Lord
and Ruler. H e came to earth to " destroy
the works of the devil," and wheu He
ascended on high " H e led captive captiv-
ity, and received gifts for men—yea, for
 Our Views of Mission Work.
the rebellious also—that the Lord G o d
might dwell in the midst of them."
It is true that the glory of the Lord is
as yet far from being co-extensive with the
world; but m u c h of the progress that w e
see around us is tending in this direction.
The general diffusion of knowledge, the
increasing attention given to education,
the marvelous rapidity with which m a n is
recovering his lost dominion over nature,
the efforts that are being put forth to
reach and reclaim the outcast and vicious
classes, the yearning of the hearts of
Christians for the recovery of the Church's
lost unity, and m a n y other features of our
age, seem to indicate that G o d is preparing
the earth and its inhabitants for that
period when it shall be filled 'with His
glory as the waters cover the sea. A vast
portion of the world is, indeed, still in
heathenish darkness ; but even here there
has been progress made. Countries long
closed against the entrance of the word of
life are n o w in the providence of G o d
thrown open and ready to receive it. In
every quarter of the globe missionaries of
the cross are proclaiming the story of re-
deeming love to the perishing mUlions of
our race; and in more than one island of
the ocean, that half a century ago was
darkened by deeds of cruelty and blood,
the painted savage has thrown away his
war club, and clothed and in his right
mind is sitting as an humble learner at the
feet of Jesus. Rude, formless tongues,
destitute of all elevating ideas, have been
reduced to shape and rendered capable of
conveying spiritual truth. T h e Bible, in
whole or part, has been translated into 386
languages—or, more exactly, into 324 lan-
guages and 62 dialects. A recent German
writer, an authority in religious statistics.
51
says: "Counting that the 1,440,000,000
people on the globe speak some 3,000 lan-
guages, it might appear that as yet only
about one-eighth of the world have access
to the Gospel. But there are some isolated
tongues that are spoken only by a few
hundreds or thousands. Whereas, there
are others, such as the English and the
Mandarin Chinese, that are the means of
communication for from 100,000,000 to
200,000,000 souls. The Bible has been
translated into 187 of these leading lan-
guages, which are spoken by 600,000,000.
Adding thesefiguresto those of the minor
tongues, it is a fair estimate that the Bible
is n o w accessible to fully 1,000,000,000—
that is, to fully two-thirds of mankind.
These facts speak volumes, and show how
rapidly the Gospel is spreading over the
earth."
It m a y be, as has been claimed, that
the natural increase of population in the
heatheu world is far in excess of the num-
ber of conversions annually effected by the
labors of self-denying missionaries. But
prejudices are being overcome and super-
stitions undermined in m a n y lands in
which they have not yet fallen; Christian
ideas and Christian civUization are pene-
trating everywhere, and preparing the way
for a more rapid and marvelous progress
of the Gospel than the world has yet wit-
nessed, w h e n '' the earth shall be made to
bring forth in one day," and " a nation
shall be born at once." W h a t an encour-
agement steadfastly to persevere in Mission
work, whether at h o m e or abroad! The
results m a y not at once appear, but the
labor shall not prove in vain. H e " w h o
worketh all things after the counsel of His
o w n wUl," will in due time crown with
success. " A s truly as I live, all the earth
shall befilledwith the glory of the Lord."
52 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
ITEMS O F M I S S I O N A R Y
ABROAD.
Mersine, Asia Minok.—The following
letter from Dr. Metheny, written two
months ago, shows very conclusively that
one of the most formidable obstacles in
the way of missionary operations in the
Turkish Empire is the maladministration
or, rather, official imbecility of those w h o
should be its advocates and protectors :
Affairs are worse and worse every day.
Hampered in every way and on all sides,
we can only plead the promises and await
Di'vine interposition. Our work through
native agencies is well nigh reduced to a
minimum, and all the Mission work n o w
done is in our domiciles. I use the word
domicile in a treaty sense. The authori-
ties having destroyed all our outside
schools, have bent their energies toward
the last ditch. Last week, Rev. J. C. Mar-
tin, of the American Board, residing at
Hadjin, in the interior, came to Mersine.
H e had come to Adana on a visit, and on
entering the Mission premises there a
guard was placed around the house, to
prevent intercourse with the native breth-
ren. T h e muleteers w h o brought him
were arrested, and the inn-keeper was
hned for having given them shelter. Be-
ing a British subject, he call on the Waly,
or Governor, w h o then removed the guard
on finding w h o m he had to deal with. H e ,
whUe talking with Mr. Martin, said: " I
hear you are going to Mersine. Please
say to Dr. Metheny that unless he gives
up the four girls " (whose names he had
read out of a book to Mr. Martin) " I will
come down and with a military force break
open his house and take them out." Then
INTELLIGENCE.
he asked Mr. Martin to come again before
he should go to Mersine. O n his doing
so he repeated the message to m e .
W e immediately reported him to Beirut,
through our Consul. T h e Consul thence
sought instructions from the United
States Minister at Constantinople, and re-
ceived a telegraphic reply promising to
have instructions sent restraining the Gov-
ernor from the execution of his threat, but
ordered the girls, " if Turkish subjects, to
be delivered u p to the proper authorities."
Mr. Martin had forgotten the names. If
they m e a n the three about w h o m the
trouble was m a d e before, they are every
one of full age according to law. Like his
first instructions last spring, he sent them
in an open telegram, contrary to all official
usage. Without knowing what girls, un-
less he was in coUusion with the Turks, he
had no right to order their delivery tUl af-
ter inquiry had been made. If he knew
them to be the gii-ls about w h o m he
wrote before, he got his information from
the Turks. T h e Governor gave as a rea-
son for his demands that they would not
allow Moslems to be in Christian schools.
These girls are not only of age, but Chris-
tians. T h e two that are here were bap-
tized and are members of the Chm'ch.
Their parents were Ansairiyeh, and of their
free wiU put them in our school. Should
they be taken out there is a large money
claim against them which oughtfirstto be
satisfied. Moreover, the Governor makes
our Mersine Mission domicile and school
an exception. T h e French have Moslems
in their school across the street from us,
and also in Adana.
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
For over thirty years there have been
Moslem children in our schools all the
time, and latterly (tUl within six years)
many hundreds of them here, in Latakia,
and the mountains. Then, too, the Beirut
schools have Moslems, and m a n y are in
the Mission schools in Egypt. W e are
sure this order is exceptional, only apply-
ing to Mersine. W h y single us out for an
attack 1 Then, too, they only ask Moslem
girls—the United States Minister does
not confine himself to sects, but says to
"deUver up Turkish subjects to the
proper authorities on their demand." Ac-
cordingly the Turk has n o w only to read
this instruction to find he m a y de-
mand any and every Turkish subject, Mos-
lem or Christian. This is, after aU, the
real intent and purpose to close our work
altogether. W e wrote fully to the United
States Consul, and Mr. Dodds went by
last steamer to confer and lay the matter
before him in all its aspects. M a n y com-
plaints are n o w being m a d e against the
United States Minister. H e does not rep-
resent our interests. Having allowed his
daughter to accept a decoration from the
Sultan, w e are afraid that he looks at our
work through Moslem glasses.
H e did not secure redress for the
recent violation of domicUe at Adana.
W e have strongly remonstrated against
his discriminating action in singling out
our school. T h e word Moslem does not
occur in the school law. Our schools
being official and regular, w e might
render ourselves liable to legal process
if w e were to reject Moslems on account
of their reUgion.
Moreover, the United States Minister
aUows the Turkish Government to discrim-
inate against us as compared with Eng-
53
land, w h o framed the treaties, knows their
interpretation, and has given official decis-
ions. O n e of these is, " N o British school
having complied with the law m a y be dis-
turbed," Another is, as I have already
written you, " N o British school m a y be
closed for any reason whatever without
the knowledge and consent of the British
Embassy," N o w we have had over forty
schools closed, and the United States
Minister heeds not. Have w e not all the
treaty privileges of others ? All the United
States Minister need say is, " I do not ap-
prove of the closing of such a school."
That would end the trouble at once. O n
account of the barbarous character of
Moslems and the Turkish Government,
there are special clauses in the treaties of
the powers, restricting the Turkish Govern-
ment. They cannot be trusted to deal
with our persons, nor our houses, nor large
claims, except under guarded restrictions.
This logic ought to be carried out in its
every sequence affecting our personal
rights. The Turk, forsooth, because in the
international postal union aUowed to trans-
mit our maUs, takes the same liberty with
our letters, papers and books as France.
A s exterritorial rights are claimed and en-
forced because of the uncivUization of
Turkey, so they should not be allowed
to put a censorship on any foreigner's
post—^letters, papers or books. This very
day an Englishman's letter containing ac-
counts and a large money order was
opened by the Mersine postal authorities,
and read and examined. Our newspapers
were seized, and the London Times taken
out. It was only by the French post that
a copy of the Times containing the detaUs
of the Armenian massacre reached us. It
soon became k n o w n that w e had it. I can-
54 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
not tell h o w m a n y have had the reading of
it. W e shall have to resort to having im-
portant books sent to Marseilles, to be re-
m a U e d there by French maU. They deliver
the mail untouched and unopened. W e
are hoping that thefinalissue of this Ar-
menian business will be an autonomy for
them, guaranteed by the powers, like that
in Bulgaria, and that the other portions
remaining will have like good fortune. I
see no other logic for the Armenians.
W e are annoyed in so m a n y ways that
life here is a series of grievances and in-
conveniences. The missionaries are the
best friends the Sultan has, and conserve
the best interests of his people.
—The following items are taken from a
letter more recently received from Mrs.
Metheny:
A week or two ago (January 25th), the
Governor of Mersine—the one w h o refused
to take the responsibility of entering our
house—was removed. Soon after, the
m a n w h o is acting Governor, a great friend
of the Governor-General, sent, saying that
he 'wished to see Dr. Metheny and the
school. In the meantime the Doctor in-
formed our Consular Agent of the request,
and asked him to let his dragoman be
present. The Consul at once notified
the authorities that all dealings with the
school must be through the Consulate.
The next morning, disregarding this, they
sent again to the Doctor to say that tbey
'wished to visit the school and bring the
colonel of the troops along. The Doctor
referred them to the Consul, w h o told
them they could visit the boys' school, but,
of course, if they wished to see the girls'
school they would have to send a lady.
After some consultation, they said they
wished to call on the Doctor. But
w h e n the Consul intimated that the
Governor would have to come unattended,
he said be had business in Adana for a day
or two, and would come on Saturday. That
was two weeks ago, but he did not return.
T h e Consul had warned us that he feared
violence would be attempted if they once
got in. W e heard from another source
that they wished to inspect the beds and
sanitary arrangements!
W e had before learned of great uneasi-
ness a m o n g the Christians all through
these regions, and in Tarsus there was al-
most a panic. A veiled w o m a n told some of
the Protestants there that there were plots
on foot against them. Afterwards w e heard
that strict orders had been sent to all the
rulers in this district to see that no harm
came to Christians, thus showing that
something had been intended.
Last week the Governor-General came
d o w n again to preside at the founding of a
pier or landing stage. That morning, be-
fore he left the train, a letter came from
the Consul* in Beirut saying that he had
the promise that a man-of-war should be
sent here as soon as her engagements
would permit. This word was made
k n o w n to the Governor-General, w h o went
back to Adana 'without completing the
ceremonies for which he had come. This
proves what w e say, that nothing more
than firmness is needed.
A complaint was fUed against us a few
days ago, because they say w e are building
on the disputed strip on the seashore. W e
are not buUding, but w e are fencing in the
strip by driving d o w n stakes of iron to re-
sist the encroachments of the sea.
••Consul Gibson has always sliowu himself to bein
fuli sympathy with the missionaries.
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 55

The latest charge was made yesterday. understand. * * * A suggestion I would

The Governor-General sent a complaint to like to make is this: Let the Heeald of
the local authorities through the Consul Mission News open a query column, where
that the Doctor exposes Scripture texts in questions relating to Mission work could
his windows ! Doctor says the worst of it be asked and answered. W e might thus
is that the charge is not true, but as the get many valuable hints as to what the
Governor has brought his sins to his re- people want to know. I wish you could
membrance he will put some in. The Gov- come out and see just what is being done.
ernor says that is a thing not to be toler- N o one can write all; there are things that
ated. need to be seen to be appreciated and un-
Since writing the above w e are in re- derstood. Our work is so m u c h the same
ceipt of a letter from Consul Gibson, in from day to day that w e often feel that it
which he says he expects the flagship as wouid not be interesting to the people. I
soon as repairs on her are finished. Also kno-w it is so at least in m y department,
Dr. Christie, whose teachers and pupils and stUl I see and hear things every day
have been imprisoned, has just had a copy that ought to touch the heart of anyone.
of a letter from Secretary Gresham, showing I a m able to do but a little, a very little of
that he had given orders for the adjustment what I would like to, and yet a day seldom
of this affair long ago, and that the inertia passes that I a m not able to be useful to
is at the Constantinople end. W e are in some of the poor suffering ones, of w h o m
hopes now that w e m a y secure justice. there are so many around us. W e have
Our communion was on the 13th. Five been having a great deal of wet weather—
new communicants sat down, and two w h o which is very trying on the poor w h o live
have for some time been under suspension in cold, d a m p places. I have n o w under
were restored. m y care a poor m a n who has double pneu-
monia, w h o is lying in a room about 8x12
feet, in which the only opening is a door
Latakia, Sybia.—We make the foUowing and into which no ray of the sun ever en-
extracts from a letter recently received ters. H e was almost beyond hope—but,
from Dr. J. M . Balph: strange to say, notwithstanding his sur-
I do not wonder at your desire to hear roundings, he seems to be improving, and
and know more of the workings of the this is only an example of what I see al-
Mission. If it was not for the time and most every day. Oftentimes it is necessary
expense necessary some one should 'visit to furnish food as weU as medicine. * * * W e
the Mission field every year. I know it have recently opened a new school iu a
would help us a great deal and be the village about thirty miles south of Latakia
means of making the Church better ac- towards Metn. The name of the place is
quainted with the work. But to be of any Bizak ; there has never been a school there
practical benefit such a visit should be an before. The people seemed very anxious
extended one ; at least a month should be and furnished a room, and w e are to
spent in looking over the field. Even then pay the teacher six Turkish doUars a
there are many things one would fail to fully month.
56 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
Fobmosa.^—We take the following items
from a sketch of the Formosa Mission in
the Presbyterian Record, Canada: The
pioneer missionary. Rev. G. L. M c K a y ,
landed at Formosa 9th March, 1872, and
at the close of the first eight years was
able to report 20 chapels with preachers
and 300 communicants. During the year
1882 there were six new chapels built,
1,000 East Coast Pe-po-hoans, or oi'vilized
aborigines, throwing away their idols dur-
ing one of the preaching tours of Mr.
M c K a y and his helpers, and 140 baptisms.
The year 1883 tells of 2,000 East Coast
people throwing away their idols ; and at
the time of the French invasion, in Octo-
ber, 1884, there were 35 stations and
chapels with preachers and about 700 com-
municants. The condition of the Mission
at the end of 1893 was as follows: " Sixty
stations with chapels and preachers, 25
Bible women, 1,805 members in full com-
munion, 76 elders, 87 deacons, 15 students,
and 38 at the girls' school. At the M c K a y
Hospital there were treated during the
year 2,385 new patients and 4,456 old pa-
tients. The contributions of the native
church for that year were $2,377.52."
This is a remarkable record, and the result
of single-hearted devotion to the service
of God.
New Hebeides.—" Our work among the
people of Santo moves forward very slow-
ly," -writes Mrs. Annand. " They are com-
ing into the fold one by one. W e had the
joy of having three more of our young
people sit down with us at the Lord's Ta-
ble three Sabbaths a g o — a young m a n and
his wife, w h o is a daughter of our high
chief, and the little wife of thefirstlad
that Mr. Annand baptized. Pray that these
young people m a y be kept faithful." W h e n
w e think of the immeasurable distance be-
tween naked savage cannibals, such as Mr.
and Mrs. Annand settled among in Santo
some half a dozen years ago, and Chris-
tians, clothed and in their right mind, sit-
ting reverently at the Lord's Table, the
wonder is that in so short a time any
should be found so changed. It is one
more proof of the unfailing power of the
Gospel to regenerate mankind. A n d then
the change in m a n y others living near, the
preparation to receive the truth, the grad-
ually growing higher ideal of Ufe, a work
that cannot be given infigures,is another
proof of the same power. Pray for our
missionaries in theirfirstlonely discourag-
ing years of " waiting for the harvest."
Although the newest field in the Mis-
sion, Mr. Annand's station has been chosen,
as before stated, by the Mission Synod, as
the site of their Training Institute, with
Mr. Annand as principal. A s directed by
the Synod, he has engaged an artisan
assistant for the work, a M r . Lang, of N e w
South Wales, w h o is represented as one
wellfittedfor the position.—Presbyterian
Record, Canada.
Bohemia.—The Free Reformed Church
of Bohemia is passing through a severe
trial. Por some years she has enjoyed a
limited toleration—" house worship, with
invited guests." In two districts the offi-
cials have put a narrow interpretation on
this, and will permit only full members of
the Church to be present at the services.
All others, even members of other Evan-
gelical Churches, must be rigidly excluded.
Por fading to enforce this rule two preach-
ers have beenfined,one of them being also
imprisoned. The persecution is most se-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 57
vere in Husinetz, a to'wn of 2,000 inhabit- to meet early on Sabbath morning for the
ants, and birthplace of the reformer, John study of the Bible in the Sabbath-school,
Huss. But few Bibles were in the town and the preaching ser'vice is held in the
untU recently, w h e n there was a great de- afternoon."—Church at H o m e and Abroad.
mand for the Scriptures. About 200 copies
of the W o r d of G o d were sold, and those Afeioa.—Reports to the Church Mis-
who became possessed of it were naturally sionary Society from Uganda have been
anxious to study it. They asked permis- received as late as August 29th. The re-
sion to attend the house of Pastor Zelinka. markable fact is stated that over one hun-
A few were invited, but the meeting was dred native preachers, supported by the
broken*up by orders of the district official;native church, have been distributed all
all present were s u m m o n e d before the over the country, and other agents are in
magistrate and the pastor fined. Placards training for similar work, so that it was
were posted over the town, prohibiting aU hoped that another hundred would soon
butlthe members of the Free Church at- be sent out, thefirstcompany to return for
tending prayers at M . Zelinka's, and a po- further training. The missionaries send
liceman with fixed bayonet marches before a strong appeal for reinforcements. The
his house to enforce the order. T h e pas- British Protectorate over Uganda was
tor's wife was also fined for conducting a proclaimed on August 24th, and the Brit-
girls' sewing meeting. It is believed that ish flag was raised on the king's flagstaff
all this is done unknown to the emperor, amid great rejoicings. The report given
Francis Joseph, and it is hoped he will in the Intelligencer says: " The news
forbid this persecution when he learns of about M w a n g a is of a checkered character.
it.—Missionary Record. T h e power of sinful habits asserts itself
again and again, and for a time he seemed
Centeal Tuekey.—At Aintab, on the to have abandoned the struggle as hope-
Euphrates, in Central Turkey, there are less. W h e n he learned, however, that if
three very prosperous Mission churches. he persisted in the degrading sins to which
They are under the charge of Presbyterian he has for m a n y years been addicted, Mr.
American missionaries. The first church Roscoe would discontinue his visits for
holds 2,000 people, and is frequently fuU instruction, because there was a danger of
to the doors. T h e second church has over such visits being regarded as a connivance
800 members, and is looking out for a site at the king's sins, he was deeply affected.
on which to build a larger church than During an interview with Mr. Roscoe, on
their present, which is insufficient to hold M a y 29th, M w a n g a again promised to do
them. The membership of the three battle with his corrupt affections, and im-
churches is over 1,700, and is steadily in- mediately took steps for avoiding tempta-
creasing. O n e of the churches has an av- tion. H e invited one of the Christian
erage attendance of Sabbath scholars of teachers to dwell in his house, to be near
1,183 throughout the year. "It is the him and help him and guard him from do-
custom in all the churches of that region ing evil. Mr. Roscoe says : ' Cease not to
for the whole congregation, old and young. wrestle in prayer for this poor sin-bound
58 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
soul held by Satan's fetters. May the
power of the Lord free him and give hkn
joy and peace !' At the end of July, actu-
ated by other than religious motives, as he
told Mr. Roscoe, Mwanga declared himself
a Roman CathoUc, receiving the sanction
of the Resident to do so. A few days
afterward, however, he visited Mr. Roscoe
and told him he had decided not to join
the Roman Catholics. His vacUlations are
difficult to account for. ' W e want much
belie-mg prayer for him,' are Mr. Roscoe's
last words with reference to him."
Connected with the Uganda Mission are
the Sesse Islands, in Lake Victoria. O n
fourteen of these twenty-seven islands
there are churches ; one each on ten, two
on three, three on one, making nineteen
churches in all. The population of these
islands is estimated at about 7.5,000, of
whom over 5,000 are returned as " readers.''
There are 21 native teachers working on
these islands. The reports from various
out-districts of Uganda are most encour-
aging. Twenty-two adult converts were
baptized in Singo, in the district of
Kyagwe. Thirty-two candidates for bap-
tism were found who had been instructed
by a chief named Tomasi. The district of
this chief is aboutfiftymiles long, and
within its boundaries are several centers
where Christian work is carried on, con-
gregations numbering from 150 to 300.
Altogether the report of religious progress
in Uganda is most cheering.—Missioi'iary
Herald.
AT HOME.
In the death of Mrs. Sarah McGeary, the
Ladies' Missionary Society of the Eighth
Street Pittsburgh Congregation has lost
one of its oldest members. Mrs. McGeary
was a daughter of Mr. David Johnston, a
well-remembered member of the Pittsburgh
and Allegheny Congregation. In early
life she united with the Covenanter Church,
and steadfastly maintained that connection
untU her death. During her last Ulness,
as during all her previous years of almost
unbroken health, she manifested the S'ame
gentle and consistent Christian character.
In resignation to her Heavenly Father's
will, and in unwavering dependence on the
merits of her Sa-viour, she passed peace-
fully to her eternal reward. This society
desUes to place upon its records a testi-
mony to her worth and to express to the
bereaved relatives the deep sympathy felt
with them in their affliction, and the full
assurance that the loss of the surviving
relati'ves and friends is the eternal gain of
the departed one.
Mes. S. McNaughee.
Mes. M. Patteeson.
Mes. M. Tibby.
Philadelphia, Pa.—The Ladies' Mis-
sionary Society of the Third Church pre-
sents the following annual report:
One more year of our work as a mis-
sionary society is past. During this time
one of our oldest members has gone to her
reward. It is a voice saying unto us,
"Watch, for ye know not when the Son of
Man cometh." Our meetings hav« been
well attended, and more interest has been
taken in them by the members, in the read-
ing of missionary items each month from
different religious papers. Notwithstand-
ing the depression of the times, which all
have felt to some degree, our members
have been faithful in their contributions.
The number of members enrolled at the
beginning of the year was 48; decrease by
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
death, 1; decrease by request, 3; new m e m -
bers, 4; lea'ring 48 members still enroUed
for the year 1895.
T w o boxes of good literature were sent
by the society to the Selma Mission.
The amotmt of money in the treasury
was $100.02, from which the following dis-
bursements were made : Foreign Mission,
$30; Southern Mission, $20 ; Jewish Mis-
sion, Philadelphia, $10; Indian Mission,
$12.50; Chinese Mission, $12.50 ; Domes-
tic Mission, $12.50; leaving a balance of
$2.52 in the treasury for the year 1895.
In closing our report for the year w e
have great reason to be thankful to our
Heavenly Father for all the blessings
which we, as a society, have received, and
as we enter upon a n e w year let us conse-
crate ourselves anew in the Master's work.
Elizabeth Foesyth,
President.
Ruth MacKnight,
Secretary.
Mks. James Seekis,
Treasurer.
Hopkinton, Ia.—A memorial from the
Woman's Missionary Society of the Re-
formed Presbyterian Church, of Hopkinton,
Iowa:
In the sudden removal by death of Mrs.
T. H. Acheson our society has lost its hon-
ored president. W e humbly b o w beneath
the rod, acknowledge the sovereignty of
God, and say, " T h y wiU be done." While
we mourn, yet our consolation is that w e
mourn not as those w h o are without hope,
for " H e giveth His beloved sleep."
W e bear ready testimony to the helpful-
ness of our departed sister during the
eight years of work and pleasant comrade-
ship with us, her untiring interest in efforts
59
to promote the furtherance of the kingdom.
H o w strange it seems to us that while we
thought she was but beginning her life
work, the Master said, "It is finished."
She has passed from earth lea-ving us the
memory of days that are no more.
G o d is speaking to us in this providence.
W e should be admonished therefore, that
"Whatsoever thy handfindethto do, do it
with thy might," " for ye know neither the
day nor the hour when the Son of M a n
cometh." W e extend our heartfelt sym-
pathy to our pastor and his motherless
children in this sad bereavement and com-
m e n d them to the tender compassion of
H i m w h o " is aU in all." Committee.
New Concoed, O.—The secretary of the
L. M . S. of the N e w Concord Congregation
reports as follows:
Another year of our organization as a
society has drawn to a close. The work
of another is finished. A n d n o w the ques-
tion comes h o m e to each one of us, have
w e done the work required of us ? G o d
has blessed us, have w e shown our appre-
ciation of His kindness ?
During the year our society held eleven
regular meetings and one called meeting.
T w o of these meetings were for quilting
and making garments for children in the
Indian Mission; besides, there have been
donations and sewing for needy ones in
our midst. This year w e have had an in-
crease of two and a decrease of two—one by
removal to another part of our church, and
one by death, Mrs. Emery, an earnest
worker, w e trust called to her reward;
making a total of thirty members. We
were cheered on our way by a public lec-
ture from Rev. Easson, of the Syrian Mis-
sion, and Miss Joanna Speer, of the Indian
60 Monographs.

Mission, who was with us at two of our DISBUESEMENTS.

meetings and gave us interesting talks on
Southern Mission $12 00
her work in the Mission. Trusting that
Jewish Mission, Philadelphia 6 00
the blessing of God wUl foUow our humble
Jewish Mission, Cincinnati 6 00
efforts, we enter the work of another year
H o m e Mission 2 00
rejoicing that it is our privUege to labor
Barrel of goods and quUt to Indian
'with Him in His -vineyard.
Mission 21 03
Etta Jamison, Rec. Sec.
Expenses—freight, money orders,etc 3 16
teeasueee's bepobt foe 1894.
Balance brought forward $7 27 Total $50 19
Monthly dues 32 86
Donations—cash 3 70 Balance in treasury $9 17
Donations—clothing, fruit and quUt. 15 53 Sabah M. Stewart,
Total $59 36 Treasurer.

M O N O G R A P H S .

RENWICK AND GLENCAIRN. those w h o have been eminent in some de-

" A youth was Renwick, gentle, fair, andfine; partment of literature or science, or who
In aspect meek, butfirmas rock in soul; have gained distinction in some other
By pious parents nursed, and ioly line, merely secular pursuit. M u c h more ought
To steer by trutli, as seamen by the pole. this to be done in the case of m e n who
In Holland's learned halls the Word D M n e were distinguished for theirfidelityto
He read, which to proclaim he made the Christ and His truth in times offierceper-
whole
Theme of his life; then back to Scotland secution—men of w h o m the world was not
came worthy—the Confessors and Martyrs of
At danger's call, to preach in blessed Jesus Jesus. T h e thrilling record that w e have
name." in the eleventh chapter of the Epistle to
—John Stuart Blackie. the Hebrews, shows that it is in accord-
The Word of God declares that the ance with the Divine mind that the m e n of
righteous shall be in everlasting remem- faith should be commemorated as weU as
brance. Whatever else m a y be included in followed, and commemorated in order that
this declaration, it evidently implies that they might be foUowed. In calling attention
the godly should be remembered, and their to the life, character, contendings, and suf-
work commemorated by those w h o come ferings of any of the Martyrs, the design is
after. This is often done in the case of not and ought not to be the glorification of
 Monographs. 61

the indi'vidual by making him the object of faithfully to maintain the grand Scriptural
hero-worship. It should rather be the ex- principles for which the Martyrs witnessed,
hibition of the grand Scriptural principles suffered, and died.
for which he witnessed and suffered, in James Renwick was born at Moniaive, in
order to a more intelligent acquaintance the parish of Glencairn, on the 15th
with them, a deeper attachment to them, February, 1662. T h e year of his birth
and that w e m a y thereby be stimulated to 'witnessed the passing of the infamous Act
be consistent followers of those w h o have of Uniformity, which led to the ejection
obtained a good report through faith, and from their charges of over two thousand
have received their reward in the better faithful ministers in England, and several
country. hundreds in Scotland. Renwick's parents
In Dumfriesshire, in a secluded little were in humble worldly circumstances, but
valley, or glen, encompassed by the sur- they were eminent for piety, and early
rounding hills, lies the beautiful though dedicated their son to the Lord, gave him
quaint old-world village of Moniaive. In proper instruction, and set before him a
the center of the High street stands an old godly example. This godly training was
market cross bearing the date 1638, the owned of God, and is an encouragement to
date of the famous Reforming Assembly all parents to deal faithfully with their
held at Glasgow, and the beginning of the children. The church owes much, under
period of the Second Reformation. T h e God, to pious parents, and especially to
Uttle glen is watered by three winding godly mothers. While Renwick's father
streamlets which have their rise in the sur- was an eminent Christian, it is believed
rounding hills. The chief of these is the that his saintly mother had the most to do
Cairn; and the whole glen is so well instrumentally in moulding the character
watered and so fertile as to constitute a of her distinguished son. She entertained
kind of earthly paradise. The entire dis- the hope that G o d would employ him in a
trict is rich in Covenanting memories and public way in His service, and that his re-
traditions. Several faithful sons of the moval from earth to the heavenly kingdom
Covenant who, in the " KiUing Time," had would be accomplished in a w a y honoring
found hiding places in the neighboring to himself, for the glory of God, and the
hiUs, were discovered, dragged out, and advancement of His cause. Even when he
ruthlessly murdered without trial, and was subjected to great tribulation and per-
'without question, by the cruel persecutors. secution in the latter years of his brief life,
The names and m e m o r y of these Martyrs her confidence as to the issue in his case
are perpetuated by well protected grave- remained unshaken. A n d she lived to see
stones in the churchyard of Glencairn. The the fulfillment of her expectations in regard
parish of Glencairn has been the birthplace to her noble son, however trying, in some
of many eminent servants of God, both in respects, to her loving maternal heart. She
olden and more modern times ; and in and was with him on the day of his martyrdom,
around Moniaive there are still those w h o and joined with him in his dying exercises
not only fondly cherish the m e m o r y of the of praise and prayer. F r o m his lips she
Martyrs, but w h o are also endeavoring heard the words of joy and consolation
62 Monographs.
which gladdened his o w n soul in near 'view
of heavenly glory, and they must have
greatly sustained and comforted her in that
hour of sore trial and bereavement.
But G o d did not only train Renwick for
usefulness and honor by the instrumentali-
ty of his godly parents, H e also schooled
him in early life in another way. H e was
subjected tofierytemptations, and at times
he was led to doubt the very being of God.
It is reported that on one occasion, when
grievously assailed with temptation, he
exclaimed, looking at the surrounding hills,
" W e r e all these devouring furnaces of
burning brimstone, I would be content to
go through them, if I could thereby be
assured of the existence of God." But out
of these temptations he was in due time
delivered, and his feetfirmlyplanted upon
the Rock of Ages. H e not only attained
to a full persuasion of the Divine existence,
but also to the assurance of his o w n inter-
est in G o d as his Covenant G o d and por-
tion. His heart seems to have been early
set upon the work of the ministry, and his
parents encouraged him in the pursuit of
his studies. His father died when he was
about 14 years of age, but, in the provi-
dence of God, kind friends were raised up
w h o furnished the means for the prosecu.
tion of his studies at the University of
Edinburgh. W h e n prepared for taking
his University degree, he was refused the
public honors due to him in recognition of
his attainments, because he declined to
take the oath of allegiance, which he re-
garded as sinful, as it expressly owned the
royal supremacy. It is said, however, that,
subsequently, he received the degree in
private. While in Edinburgh he was in
the habit of attending the private meetings
of the persecuted Covenanters, and came
into contact with some of the " outed"
ministers, and enjoyed their feUowship.
B y these means he was brought to see that
the majority of the ministers and Presby-
terian people of Scotland, had made griev-
ous defection from the principles and ends
of the Covenanted Reformation, and so he
was led to cast in his lot with the perse-
cuted followers of Cargill and Cameron. In
July, 1681, he witnessed the martyrdom of
the venerable Donald CargUl, whose testi-
m o n y and triumphant death produced a
powerful impression upon him. H e was
then only a little over 19 years of age. Then
he received thefinalimpulse that led him,
two years after, to take up the banner
which fell from the hand of the dying Car-
gill.
After the death of CargUl no one was
left to carry on tbe preaching of the Gos-
pel to the persecuted in the fields. Cam-
eron had fallen at Airsmoss the previous
year, and n o w Cargill was taken. B y an
Act of Parliament passed in 1672, the way
to the ministry was barred against aU who
could not and would not accept Prelatical
ordination. The faithful Covenanters, or-
ganized in societies, earnestly desired to
have a stated ministry, but, at the same
time, they had no wish to deviate from
strict Scriptural order to obtain the object
of their desires. In these circumstances
the persecuted remnant selected Renwick,
and some other young men, and sent them
to Holland to study theology, receive
license, and be ordained. Renwick studied
theology at Groningen under some distin-
guished theologians. In due time he was
ordained there by a Presbytery or Classis
of learned and godly ministers w h o deeply
sympathized with the suffering Church in
Scotland. At his o'wn request he was
 Monographs.
aUowed to subscribe the standards of the
Reformed Church of Scotland instead of
the formula of the Dutch Churoh. All
present at his ordination seemed to realize
that it was attended with evident tokens
of the Divine presence and favor.
On returning from the Continent cir-
cumstances led him to embark on a vessel
bound for Ireland. A storm drove the
vessel into R y e harbor in England, where
he was exposed to other dangers. F r o m
thence he was conveyed to Dublin, where
God had some work for him to do in the
way of faithfuUy dealing with several min-
isters of the Gospel w h o were guilty of
sinful sUence in the Lord's cause. F r o m
Dublin he crossed to Scotland, and with
some difficulty, by reason of the disturbed
state of the country, he obtained a landing
near Greenock. Though earnestly desirous
to enter upon the work to which he had de-
voted himself, he did not see his way clear
to begin the public preaching of the Gos-
pel until he was regularly called by those
who had sent him to Holland for ordina-
tion. Such a call was given and accepted
by him, and he began preaching in the
fields at Darmeid Muir, near Wishaw, in
November, 1683. In this work he con-
tinued, amid manifold trials and persecu-
tions for four years and three months,
dUigent in season and out of season. H e
'wrote the minutes of the societies, attended
aU their meetings, and often preached six
and eight times in a week, besides con-
ducting an extensive correspondence. H e
declares that, in his wanderings hither and
thither, he was not " dry for weeks to-
gether." At one period he writes, " M y
business was never so weighty, so midti-
pUed, and so Ul to be guided, to m y appre-
hension, as it hath been this year; and m y
63
body was never so frail. Excessive travel,
night wanderings, unseasonable sleep and
diet, and frequent preaching in all seasons
of weather, especially in the night, have so
debilitated m e that I a m often incapable of
any work. I find myself greatly weakened
inwardly, so that I sometimes fall into fits
of swooning and fainting. When I
use means for m y recovery I find it some-
ways effectual, but m y desire to the work,
and the necessity and importunity of peo-
ple prompt m e to do more than m y natu-
ral strength will well allow, and to under-
take such toilsome business as casts m y
body presently down again. I mention not
this through any anxiety, quarrelling or
discontent, but to show you m y condition
in this respect. I m a y say that, under all
m y fraUties and distempers, I find great
peace and sweetness in reflecting upon the
occasion thereof. It is a part of m y glory
and joy to bear such infirmities, contracted
through m y poor and small labors in m y
Master's vineyard."
In the month of January, 1688, he was
preaching in Fifeshire, and on the 29th of
that month he preached his last sermon at
Borrowstownness, from Isa. liii. 1., " W h o
hath believed our report?" O n the 1st of
February he was apprehended in Edin-
burgh and cast into prison. H e was not
tortured, as was too c o m m o n at that time
in the case of the witnesses for Jesus ; but
all other efforts were made and all possible
influences were brought to bear upon him
to induce him to disown the Covenants
and the Covenanted Eeformation. But he
remained firm and undaunted, and was
even enabled to look forward joyfully to
his approaching death and certain entrance
into glory. T o him Viscount Tarbat, the
time-server, bore this testimony: " H e was
64 MonograpJis.
the stiffest maintainor of his principles
that ever came before us. Others w e used
always one time or another to cause to
waver, but him w e never could move.
Where w e left him there w e found him.
W e could never make him yield or vary in
the least. H e was of old Knox's princi-
ples." It is not possible in this brief paper
to enter into the detaUs of his trial, his
execution, or the noble testimony which he
left behind him. W e merely refer to the
joyful feelings with which he was enabled
to look forward to the death that awaited
him. O n the morning of the day of his
execution, after partaking of some refresh-
ment in company with his mother and sis-
ters, in giving thanks he expressed himself
as follows : " O Lord, thou hast brought m e
within two hours of eternity, and this is no
matter of terror to m e more than if I were
to lie d o w n in a bed of roses ; nay, through
grace, to Thy praise, I m a y say I never
had the fear of death since I came to this
prison; but from the place where I was
taken I could have gone very composedly
to the scaffold. O ! h o w can I contain
this, to be 'within two hours of the crown
of glory!" The closing words of his dying
testimony, written the night before he suf-
fered, express his ecstatic feelings in view
of the suffering and glory which awaited
him. "Welcome, scaffold, for precious
Christ; welcome, heavenly Jerusalem; wel-
come, an innumerable company of angels ;
welcome, General Assembly and Church of
the first-born; welcome, crown of glory
and white robes and Song of Moses and
the L a m b ; and, above all, welcome, O
thou blessed Trinity and O n e G o d ! O
Eternal One, I commit m y soul into T h y
eternal rest." Thus died James Renwick,
at the age of 26 years, the last of the noble
band of Scottish martyrs w h o laid down
their lives in behalf of the Crown and
Covenant of the Redeemer.
Ren-wick was eminent for personal piety.
This is clearly manifested in his whole life
and in his precious letters and sermons
that have been transmitted to us. His life
was a life of devotion, of close communion
with God. H e Uved praying and praising,
and he died praying and praising. His
letters show the depth and intensity of his
piety, and fumish us with glimpses of the
inmost breathings of his heart, and the
gracious exercises of his soul. These
letters were not written with a view to
pubUcation, but in the usual course of cor-
respondence with dearly beloved Christian
friends. They, therefore, contain the
natural expression of his views and feelings,
and show that he regarded the Redeemer
as the Chief a m o n g ten tbousand, and
altogether lovely. It is an entire delusion
to suppose that fidelity to principle is in-
consistent with deep piety. The reverse is
true. N o one was more faithful in his ad-
herence to truth than James Renwick, and
very few are to be compared with him for
eminent godUness. H e manifested his pro-
found piety in choosing to suffer afliction
'with the people of God, rather than seek-
ing his o w n safety, ease, or worldly ad-
vantage. H e was w e U aware that bonds
and aflJictions awaited him in the path that
he chose to follow. But none of these
things moved him to swerve from that
path. H e did not count his life dear unto
himself. The m a n w h o is prepared to
suffer and die for Christ's sake affords the
highest evidence of the genuineness of his
personal godliness.
Renwick was an able and faithful Gospel
minister. His public career was brief, but
 Monographs. 65

it was most laborious and eminently suc- pass his death. Tet, despite of all this, in
cessful ; and the influence of his life and his public preaching, in his letters, in his
labors stUl exists. T h e sermons of Ren- written testimonies, and in his declarations
wick that have come d o w n to us furnish on the scaffold, he boldly and fearlessly
evidence of his abUity andfidelity.It is witnessed for the truth of Christ, for His
true they m a y not have a fine literary C r o w n rights, and the Covenanted Ref-
polish, but w e are to take into account the ormation, until he gained the crown of
unfavorable circumstances in which these martyrdom. A n d his holy living was fitted
sermons were prepared, together 'with the to give effect to his pubUc testimony. Of
fact that they were taken do-wn by some of him it m a y be appropriately said, " H e
his hearers, and published without the ad- overcame by the blood of the L a m b , and
vantage of his revision. Tet, notwith- by the word of his testimony, and he loved
standing the disadvantages under which not his life unto the death."
they have come d o w n to us, these dis- About sixty-six years ago, a monument
courses show the high excellence of Ren- was erected, by subscription, to the
wick as a preacher. H e ever kept before m e m o r y of James Renwick, near to the
him the great ends and aims of the Gospel spot where the cottage stood in which he
ministry. T o the glory of his Lord, he was born, a little w a y out of the village of
did bear full and faithful testimony against Moniaive. It bears the following in-
the defections of the times, and the dis- scription :
honor thereby done to Christ, His Cause,
in MEMOEY OF
Crown, and Covenant. But his chief
THE LATE
themes were salvation through Christ and
the importance of practical godliness. H e Rbvd. JAMES RENWICK,
preached a full Gospel, dwelling upon the THE LAST WHO
everlasting Covenant, the person, love and SUFfEKBD TO DEATH
merits of the Redeemer, and m a d e earnest FOE
appeals to his hearers to accept of Christ
Attachment to the Covenanted Cause
and His salvation.
Renwick was a faithful and intrepid wit-
OF CHRIST
ness for the truth. The times in which he IN Scotland.
hved and labored were indeed most trying BOEN
times. It was at the very hottest period neae this spot,
of the persecution w h e n he was in the field.
15th Fbby., 1662.
And in one respect it m a y be said he stood
alone. Cameron had fallen, Cargill had " The Righteous shall be in
been executed, and it feU to " the boy Ren- Everlasting Remembrance."
wick '' to grasp and uphold the banner for Psa. cxii. 6.
Christ's Crown and Covenant, at the peril Eeeoted by Suisceiption,
of his life, -with few to befriend him, m a n y
a.d. mdccoxxviii.
to oppose and misrepresent him, and the
civU power of the realm seeking to com- Memorial services have frequently b
66 Monographs.

conducted at this monument. In 1857 the them a separate people from the surround-
Eev. George Proudfoot conducted services ing idolatry ; they were long and sorely
there, preaching from the words, " W h a t oppressed ; yet through it all marvelously
mean ye by these stones % " In 1862, the preserved andfinallydeUvered from their
bi-centenary of the birth of Renwick, the oppressors, they have begun a wonderful
late Rev. William Anderson, of Loanhead, work of evangelization among their coun-
preached a sermon at the monument, after- trymen throughout the whole of the Itahan
wards published with the title, " The Voice Peninsula. The chief interest attaching to
of Renwick.'' The late Rev. David Hen- the Waldenses is that they are a Bible-lov-
derson, of Airdrie, also preached at the ing people, who, in the country of the
same place. In the year 1880, in connection Pope, maintain a pure faith and practice,
with the Commemoration of the Covenant- and that they are the descendants of those
ing Struggle, the Rev. Dr. Kerr, of Glas- who, long before the Reformation, obeyed
gow, then of Greenock, preached a m e m o - God's word in opposition to Rome.
rial sermon at the monument, relating to The antiquity of the Waldensian Churoh
the martyrs and their principles, which is indisputable. This church, in fact, com-
was afterwards published with the title, paratively insignificant though it be, is the
" A Third Reformation Necessary." This oldest evangelical church in Europe. It
is also one of the historic places where it is would carry us too far from our purpose in
intended to hold special services in con- this short sketch to say to a great length
nection with the proposed Convention of when the Waldenses began to be a separate
Reformed Presbyterian Chm-ches in 1896. people. S o m e have attempted to trace the
(Rev.) Robbbt Dunlop. presence of the Gospel teachers in the
Paisley, Scotland. Waldensian Valleys from the earUest
Christian centuries, others say that they
THE WALDENSIAN CHUROH. originated in the ninth century 'with
Hee Okigin.—In the north of Italy, and Claude, Bishop of Turin, who was himself
in the midst of the Cottian Alps, with the a reformer before the Reformation, and
glorious Monte Viso standing like a lastly it seems to be prevalent -with the
crowned monarch and looking down upon modern historians that the Waldensian
the other mountains, are the Waldensian Church owes its origin to the evangeUstic
Valleys, the home and refuge of the labors of Peter Valdo in 1180, a rich
Waldensian people. They are but a small merchant of Lyons, w h o having con-
community, not exceeding 25,000 in num- secrated all tis wealth to the relief of the
ber, chiefly peasants ; yet both the Chi'istian poor and to the cause of religion went
churoh and the world would be poorer to- everywhere preaching, and gathered many
day but for the existence and extraordinary disciples. But one thing is certain, that in
history of this little flock. They have thefifteenthcentury, when the Reforma-
been called the Israel of the Alps, and in tion dawned, the reformers of Prance,
many features their story is not unlike Switzerland and Germany were amazed to
that of God's ancient people. H e long discover that a Uttle people, hidden among
since revealed Himself to them; H e kept the recesses of the Alps, had for ages past
 Monographs,
possessed the light whieh only then was
bursting on other parts of Europe, and had
possessed the same faith which they them-
selves had only n o w adopted. In fact, the
Waldenses did not become Protestants
like the English, G e r m a n or Swiss three
hundred years ago; for, for centuries
before they had been protesting against
the errors of R o m e and suffering even to
death for their protest.
If, therefore, the Romanist asks you with
a sneer: " Where was your church before
Luther % " you can reply : " Its doctrines
were in the W o r d of God, its members were
in the Valleys of the Waldenses."
Peesecutions Enduebd by the Walden-
sian Chueoh.—The antiquity of the Wal-
densian Church is not her only claim to the
sympathy and interest of the Christian
people!
One of her o w n historians long ago
defined the marks of a true church to be
these three : " Conformity to the W o r d of
God; a holy life; and persecution for the
cross." This last mark the Waldensian
Church has borne deeply stamped all
through her history. F o r six hundred
years at least, she has been the object not
only of implacable dislike and hatred, but
of active persecution on the part of the
Church of R o m e . There are distinct
traces of suffering endured for conscience
Bake in the Waldensian Valleys very far
back in history ; but w e have a detailed ac-
count of an appalling massacre by which
these beautiful valleys were desolated at
Christmas, 1400; and from that period on-
•wards till the end of the seventeenth cen-
tury, one persecution followed another,
•with interruptions of varying length.
Bodies of brutal soldiery were sent into
that region to force the unoffending in-
67
habitants either to abandon their fathers'
faith or to endure unheard-of cruelties.
Indeed, on more than one occasion the
word was to exterminate man, w o m a n and
child within these valleys from the face of
the earth and for no crime save that of
obeying G o d rather than m a n ! W o r d s
cannot describe the fiendish cruelties per-
petrated on these helpless people on the
one hand, nor the heroic struggles which
they made on the other to defend their
homes. The ostensible authors of the
Waldensian persecutions were their o w n
princes, the dukes of Savoy, sometimes in
league with the Kings of France ; but the
real instigators of the persecutions were
the Popes of R o m e . Leger, a Waldensian
pastor, wrote, more than 200 years ago, an
account of the persecutions of which he
was himself an eye witness. It is a ter-
rible record. S o m e of its pages could
hardly be read to a public audience.
Speaking of the conduct of the soldiery
Leger says : " M y hand trembles so that
I can hardly hold m y pen, and m y tears
mingle with m y ink whUe I write the deeds
of these children of darkness." N o words,
he adds, could more literally describe our
condition than those of the 79th Psalm:
" O h G o d ! the heathen are come into
thine inheritance: the dead bodies of thy
servants have they given to be meat unto
the fowls of heaven, thefleshof thy saints
unto the beasts of the earth ; their blood
have they shed like water, and there was
none to bury them."
In 1653 the rage of R o m e burst upon
the Valleys of Piedmont in an unprece-
dented massacre. For once, however,
h u m a n malice outwitted itself. W h e n the
tidings of that butchery spread abroad, all
Protestant Europe wasfilledwith horror.
68 Monographs.

Oliver Cromwell, then " Lord Protector " years the banished ones, unaided by the
of England, determined to become pro- might of m a n , but with a superhuman
tector of the Waldenses likewise, and at bravery and endurance, came back to settle
once dispatched Sir Samuel Morland to do-wn once more in the lands of their
Turin as ambassador to remonstrate with fathers.
the D u k e of Savoy, threatening war if he U p to the year 1848, w h e n the priests
did not immediately terminate these hor- were in power, nothing could exceed the
rors. H e did more, he ordered a general vexations and intolerant oppressions to
fast throughout England and a collection which the Waldenses were subjected.
to be m a d e that day in all the churches to Their chUdren were on the slightest pre-
relieve the homeless survivors in the text, and even 'without pretext at all, liable
valleys. Cromwell himself showed a noble to be taken from them and educated in
example by contributing Ls. 2,000 out of Popish convents. A cruel law doomed
his privy purse. John Milton was at the them to poverty, by not suffering them to
time Cromwell's secretary, and in 1655 he hold an inch of soil out of their O'wn nar-
wrote the immortal sonnet: row territory. N o Waldensian pastor was
permitted to sleep, not even for a single
"Avenge, O Lord, thy slaughtered Saints, whose
night, under pain of imprisonment, in a
bones
Lie scattered on the Alpine mountains cold; neighboring Popish parish. N o Walden-
Even them who kept thy truth so pure of old sian could practice medicine or law save
W h e n all our fathers worshiped stocks and a m o n g his o w n people. A m u c h more
stones. heavy land tax was imposed on the Wal-
Forget not; in Thy book record their groans, denses than on the Romanists.
W h o were Thy sheep, and in their ancient fold In 1847 the Marquis Roberto d'Azegho,
Stain by the bloody Piemontese, that rolled
Mother "with infant down the rocks. Their a m a n of high birth and reputation, took
moans into his consideration the claims of the
The vales redoubled to the hills, and they Jews and of their brethren in bondage, the
To heaven. Their martyred blood and ashes Protestants of the valleys, ajid eloquently
BOW pleaded the double emancipation, in a
Over all the Italianfieldswhere still doth sway petition addressed to the King and signed
The triple Tyrant: that from there may grow
A hundredfold, who having learned thy way by upwards of sis hundred of the most in-
Early mayflythe Babylonian woe." fluential persons in the realm. The 25th
of February, 1848, arrived, and with it the
In 1686 all the sufferings of the Wal- emancipation so ardently desired, so long
denses culminated. After having been withheld, accorded by Charles Albert, who
greatly diminished and weakened by im- granted the Waldenses an equality of civU
prisonment or otherwise, they were, in the rights with his other subjects, and free
cold of mid-winter, driven from their toleration in religious matters.
ancestral lands across the icy Alps into The Missionary Spieit of the Walden-
foreign countries, no doubt with the in- sian Chuech.—It might be imagined that
tention that the exile should be forever. the struggling church had enough to do to
But the hope was baffled. After three provide for her own spiritual wants, but
 Monographs. 69

no, we find her from the earliest period near the village; they shook their heads,
laying aside a part of her scanty means to gnashed their teeth, lifted their spears, and
minister to the more urgent necessities of drove them against the tree trunk time
others. W e find her sending forth her after time, crying: ' So will w e slay them !
wisest and most hopeful m e n on missions, Tes, w e will destroy them utterly, w e will
although aware that danger and death sweep them away!' They went on with
tracked their steps. H e r pastors went their raging till it grew dark. S o m e of
Uke thefirstdisciples, two by two. The them then went away; the rest remained,
extension of their Missionfieldwas great, apparently to carry out their intention.
from Germany to a part of France, Switzer- But just as they had turned to m e and were
land to the south of Italy. They used to assuring m e that they would kUl m e , a
go as traveling pedlars from place to place. shooting star, the largest I have ever seen,
Here is a description of their way of doing flashed over our heads, and left a trail of
by the inquisitor Reinerus Sacco: " They light behind it which lasted some seconds.
offer for sale to people of quality orna- A s the meteor fell, I involuntarily pointed
mental articles, such as rings and veils. to it and said : ' See, see! it is the living
After a purchase has been made, if the G o d w h o sends this light through the air.
pedlar is asked ' Have you anything else to H e sees us and knows all our doings. It
sell ? ' he answers : ' I have jewels more is to H i m w e must pray!' S o m e of them
precious than these things, I would make held their hands before their mouths in
you a present of them if you would promise sign of astonishment; others cried: ' Think!
not to betray m e to the clergy.' Having he points at G o d ! ' These people believe
been assured on this point, he says : ' I that G o d is in shooting stars, and that
have a pearl so brilUant that a m a n by it whoever dares to point at one of them
may leam to know G o d ; I have another so defies God, and must die immediately. A n d
splendid that it kindles the love of G o d in they were astonished to see that death did
the heart of him w h o possesses it, and so not strike me. Their fury seemed to pass
forth.'" away, and they became peaceful. I began
(Rev.) F. Rostan. a long talk to them, in which I told them
Sicily. that they were on the wrong way, and that
G o d was calling them that H e might make
A REMARKABLE DELIVERANCE, them His children. While w e talked, one
Herr Nilssen-Lund, a Norwegian mis- of them took the sugar cane he was eating,
sionary on the western side of Madagascar, and divided it with m e and m y followers in .
has recently had an adventurous journey sign of friendship. W e went to rest in the
among the wildest people of the Sakalava hope that the Lord w h o had helped us
region. At one m o m e n t he was in great through that day would help us through
danger of his life. H e was surrounded by the next also."—Norsk Missionstidende.
savages, furious because he had hindered
DUFF'S BIBLE.
them from plundering and kiUing his
native followers. " Both they and w e were Dr. Duff, the well-known Indian mis-
gathered round a large fallen tree trunk sionary, when acting as Professor of Evan-
70 Editorial Notes.
geUstic Theology in the N e w CoUege, Edin-
burgh, was wont to in'vite his students to
his house. T h e pleasant evenings were
closed with family worship. T h e Quarterly
Record of tbe National Bible Society of
Scotland recalls a touching feature in con-
nection with those gatherings: " W h e n the
Doctor opened his big Bible on these occa-
sions, he used to pause, and, turning to the
lads, relate a well-known incident in the
history of the Book before him. A lover
of the classics, when hefirstwent out to
India as a missionary he hadfittedup in
his cabin a little library of the choicest
Greek and Latin authors, in whose com-
pany he passed m a n y a happy hour. But
the vessel was wrecked, and nearly every-
thing on board was lost, the passengers
and crew being glad to reach the shore
without loss of life or limb. They had
gathered round a hastily-kindledfire,w h e n
a sailor, w h o had been d o w n on the beach
EDITORIAL
—Subscribers w h o have not paid for the
year 1894 will please remit to this office at
once, with renewals for 1895. A s for those
w h o are indebted to us for two years, their
names have been removed from the mail-
ing list, and w e shall esteem it a personal
favor if they never order the magazine
again.
—Our readers will be glad to learn,
through "Items of Missionary Intelli-
gence," that, in spite of opposition of a
very formidable character, good work is
being done in our Mission fields. O n e of
the two w h o were restored to full privileges
at the recent communion in Mersine, had
watching the wreck, was seen approaching
with something in his hand. ' See what I
have picked u p on the shore!' he cried.
' A n d the sailor handed me,' Dr. Duff would
say, ' a book, this very book,' laying his
hand on the Bible, which still bore marks
of the rough usage it had received before
it escaped the sea. ' All m y classics went
to the bottom; but w h e n the Bible was
thus rescued and brought back to m y
hands, I seemed almost to hear a voice
from heaven saying to m e , " Greek and
Latin authors are not needed to convert
the natives of India ; the Bible alone, with
God's Spirit, is sufficient, for it is the
sword of the Spuit, and mighty through
G o d to the puUing d o w n of Satan's strong-
holds." ' Tes, the Bible, with Divine help,
is sufficient to convert India, to con-
vert the world to Christ. B e it ours
to send it forth on its Divine mis-
sion."
NOTES.
been away for a long time, probably
through fear, but he came back, seeking
restoration at a time of even greater ex-
citement and peril. Is not this the
Sa'viour saying to the brethren there: " M y
Spirit remaineth a m o n g you. Pear ye not" ?
Another illustration is supplied by the
promising Christian Endeavor Society that
Miss Linnie Metheny has succeeded in
establishing. Other examples might be
given, all going to show that there are not
wanting m a n y evidences of the Divine favor.
S o m e friends sent M r . and Mrs. Stewart,
of Latakia, the Picture Rolls illustrating
the Sabbath-school lessons for last year.
S o m e of them have since been framed and
 Editorial Notes. 71
hung in the Court of their Syrian home, — T h e foUowing contributions have been
and when callers come in little Elizabeth, received from the ministers of the Church
who was only three years of age last De- toward the support of Pastors' Missionary
cember, takes them around and explains to for a second year, in addition to those re-
them in Arabic, in her childish way, that ported in previous issues :
this one is " Moses in the little basket in the Rev. J. W . F. Carlisle $50 00
water, and this one is Abraham going to Newburgh, N Y.
burn up Isaac," etc. She can tell them the " J. A. Black 10 00
stories in their o w n language, and thus " a Wyman, la.
little child shall lead them." The picture " R. J. George, D.D. 20 00
representing " Jesus at the well talking " D. McAllister, D.D 20 00
with the Samaritan w o m a n " was given to Allegheny, Pa.
the wife of one of the licentiates, and to " B. M . Shai'p 20 00
almost every visitor she takes that for her Silverly, Pa.
text, and either asks them questions or tells „ J.S.Thompson 15 00
Utica, O.
them the story. Thus the good seed is
being sown and the friends of the Mission W e shall be glad to hear from all the
ought to rejoice. brethren w h o originally subscribed to this
fund and also to add new names to the
—Probably at an early day w e shall be roll of contributors.
able to report an ordained minister on the
way to Cyprus, where our licentiate is doing —The following contributions to the
such excellent work, and where even the salary of the Elders' Missionary have been
opposition of enemies is being overruled received since last report:
for good. Rev. R. J. Dodds, of Mersine, Mr. S. Carmichael $3 65
has promised us the translation of a letter Brooklyn, N. Y.
recently received from M . Daoud, in which Mr. Robert McNeiU 5 00
the latter speaks of chUdren being sent N e w York, N". Y.
one Sabbath morning to stone the church. M a n y of the brethren w h o so cheerfully
H e secured their names; but the authorities, gave in their names at the Synod of 1893,
when he complained to them, received the have evidently forgotten, not their pledge,
information with great indifference. This but the address of the Heeald of Mission
led him to publish an article over his o w n News. W e are unwiUing to give up the
signature in the Greek paper, which hope that the Elders of the Reformed
resulted in bringing out a very large con- Presbyterian Church will yet have a repre-
gregation the following Sabbath, among sentative in each of our foreign fields.
whom were twelve M o h a m m e d a n s . The
letter also contains a very interesting con- —The young women of the Church, as
versation between him and oue of his the following report shows, continue to
hearers, who wished to kuow w h y w e do contribute regularly and promptly to the
not accept the ceremonies of the Greek salary of their missionary, and very soon
Church and unite with them, rather than every pledge wUl be made good for the
keep up a separate organization. third year :
72 Editorial Notes.

Miss Ella GUchrist % 3 65 her subscription to the Hebald of Mission

Miss Jennie E. Gilchri'st 12 50 News, enclosedfivedollars for the Foreign
Delhi N. Y. Missions. Also on Sabbath, March 3d,
Mrs. M . E. Latimer \..... 5 20 there was found in one of the pe-ws in the
Rose Point Fa. 2d Reformed Presbyterian Church an un-
. .^ t- 9(, sealed envelope addressed to us, which
Mrs. Maria J. Kerr o •^^ . , ^, , ,,„ -i , • ,
Idana Kan contained one hundred dollars, and a brief
Tvr- T T -D T ' Q fii^ note, dated Dec. 29, 1894, asking us to
Miss Julia B. L y n n 3 65 ' ' . ' ."
Rochester K Y ^^"^^ money to the Foreign Mission Treas-
Miss Martha Monroe..',.',.: 5 20 ury anonymously. This request has been
Boston, Mass. comphed with.
Miss Jennie Sloane 5 20 ^r . .. ..,
Rochester, Kan. Missionaey Liteeatuee. - Christ the
Misses Isabel, E m m a and Mary Mc- ^ ' ^ 3 ' , ^^^/^"^ ^^ ^ - / ^ ^ ^ J ' P-'f\ of
„ , , 11^ KO the Second Reformed Presbyterian
BeOTer'Falls,' Pa. Ghurch, Boston, author of " Reformation
Principles," " Secret Societies in Ghurch
Are there notfiftyyoung women, besides (j^^^ State," " Romanism, the Evil and ils
those whose names are on this rod of honor. R e m e d y f etc., loith an introduction by
who can give ten cents a week for this pur- jj^.^ j^An Alexander, Philadelphia. Pp.
pose, and thus make up the full salary of 443 p>,.;cg^ ^1.30. Address Rev. J. M .
one thousand doUars? Foster, 56 Pinckney Street, Boston, Mass.
W e cordially commend this volume. The
— R e v . W . W . McMillan, of Olathe, Kan., central figm-e in each of its thirty-one
recently sent us seven dollars and fifty chapters is Jesus Christ, of w h o m God
cents to be credited to Mr. J. Torrence, of says : " I have made him m yfirstborn,
Morse, Kan., "and to be used for the Medi- higher than the kings of the earth.'' The
cal R o o m s in Suadia, as Dr. WUl. Moore great principle that the author so earnestly
may judgefit."This money has been put and in so many aspects advocates, is not
into the hands of our Treasurer, w h o will only an unchanging truth of Scripture, but
forward it to Dr. Moore. .^yiU yet be an estabUshed fact in the his-
tory of the world. His sound reasonmg
— A few days ago, a young man, w h o and burning words cannot fad, under the
wishes simply to be known as an associate ministry of the Holy Spirit, to inspire the
member of the T. P. S. C. E., of 2d N e w loyal with fresh courage and carry con-
Tork, gave us four dollars andfiftycents viction to the minds of all w h o are ready
with the request that it should be devoted to receive the truth.
to some department of missionary work, The book also contains excellent
and with his approval the money has beeu portraits of half a dozen m e n who are or
added to the Suadia Building Fund. were prominently identifled with the great
work of National Reform, and it wiU be a
— M r s . Anna M . Galbraith, in renewing valuable addition to any library.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
April, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1895.

O U R V I E W S O F MISSION W O R K .

INACTIVE DISCIPLES.* " L o , I a m with you always." W h a t is

needed is wider understanding, deeper
As God lifts this world age by age to
emotions, nobler principles, love for h u m a n
higher and nobler levels. H e impresses on
souls, and finer sensibilities of God's
the heart of m a n the awful mystery of the
infinite power.
human soul.
W h o dreamed there w a s power in Alex-
As every effect is through some agency
ander to achieve the conquest of th©
or cause, w e find that h u m a n instrument-
world ? Tet w h e n he set the object before
ality plays an important part in achieving
him power was not wanting. W h o thought
God's great ends.
there w a s power in the colonies of these
The success of H i s work depends upon
United States to contend successfully with
the activity of His disciples. E m b o d i e d in
the colossal might of Great Britain ? Tet
man lie the energies to be used in advanc-
that venerable monarchy was defeated.
m g the kingdom of Christ. M a n , an in-
Although the followers of Christ be few
strument in God's hand, has the mission to
as compared with the host of the e n e m y ;
evangelize the world. A s Christ gave to
although our lines b e weak to contend
His disciples, centuries past, the c o m m a n d ,
with the enemy's power, forget not the
" G o ye into all the world and preach the
mysterious hand of G o d m a y work wonders
gospel to every creature," the call comes to
even with a few faithful ones, and that n o
us with no less significance. power on earth can stand before the on-
The inactive disciple heeds not this last
ward march of God's people w h e n their
command of our Sa-viour. Pause a m o m e n t
faith is fixed on Christ.
and reflect u p o n the vast field of labor. Lack of faith has caused m a n y disciples
Almost appalling does it seem to the dis- to sink into a state of inactivity. Faith
ciple as he views the lands far across the should be the key-note in all our work for
waters, barren of the richness of the love God. It is the silent tide which sweeps
and mercy of Christ and His salvation. into oblivion tbe errors of the past, and
So great seems the task, so fruitless the has for the future renewed activities and
undertaking, that he sinks back into in- brighter hopes.
acti'vity heedless of the cheering c o m m a n d , In H e b r e w s w e read that without faith
it is impossible to please G o d . " For h e
*Eead before the Iowa Presbyterial Missionary that cometh to G o d must believe that he
Society, and requested for publication.
74 Our Views of Mission Work.

is, and that he is a rewarder of them that beings w e will be led to active service.
diligently seek him." T o be diligent in W h a t the world craves is love and sym-
seeking H i m requires activity on our part pathy. W h a t the Church lacks is love
and faith that H e will reward. M e n and that will respond to the cries of helpless
w o m e n of to-day, as well as in ages past, millions, looking to us for aid. Let the
are inspired by faith to service in God's disciples of Christ be filled with this
fields of labor. T h e active disciples of the love, and soon every one will be aroused,
past were m e n of faith. The results of eager to tell of His boundless grace.
past efforts have been wrought through Never in the history of Missions was
the power of faith. M e n and w o m e n there a more urgent need of active workers
through faith subdued kingdoms, obtained in the foreign field. They are already
promises and received their dead raised to white to the harvest. B y the mystic keys
life again. Could the disciples be aroused of G o d the doors of the whole world
with this power, m a n y a wanderer might have been thrown open. T h e sun in his
be reclaimed ; m a n y a soul be brought to orbit looks d o w n on not a single field
the light. into which w e m a y not go and carry the
W e read that Moses sent twelve spies glad tidings.
to spy out the land of Canaan. Having A moment's reflection -will show the
been gone some days they returned, all facUities w e have for the advancement of
admitting the land was good, but ten said: Christ's kingdom. T h e people of the
" W e are not able to take it." They world have been bound almost as one by
lacked faith to act. Caleb and Joshua were such ties as the telegraph, the ocean
m e n of faith. They remembered how G o d steamer and the locomotive.
had delivered them out of the hand of It is but a reaching forth to grasp the
Pharaoh and brought them to the R e d outstretched hand of the heathen. This
Sea. H o w H e had given them bread from is the age to arouse from our lethargy.
heaven to eat, and water to drink from
the rock in the wilderness ; so they said, '' We are li'ving, we are dwelling
In a grand and a'wful time ;
" Let us go up at once to possess it, w e
In an age on ages telling,
are well able to take it." In the Church To be li'ving is sublime.
to day there are disciples inactive in the
service of Christ because they lack cour- Oh let all the soul -within you
age and faith. The land is before us to For the truth's sake go abroad 1
Strike 1 let every nerve and sinew
be taken for H i m . This work will be
Tell on ages; tell for God."
accomplished when m e n and w o m e n of
faith enlist in the army to battle against From far over the waters come the dy-
the forces of evil. ing cries of China's miUions. Are we as
Another reason w h y w e find inactive disciples of Christ active in telling those
disciples is lack of love to G o d and men. souls of eternal salvation ?
Love is the motive power for service and Death in China has been compared to
the key to the h u m a n heart. With the the rushing waters of the Niagara. It
heart filled with love to G o d and fellow rushes ceaselessly, waiting not our time to
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 75
throw out the life line. Well has the poet But pause and think in the midst of thy play,
said: Thou wast born for eternity."

"Sea, sea, thou art rushing along
Mighty and grand and free ;
But soon thy biUows 'vrill cease their roll,
For there shall be no more sea.
Child, child, thou art happy and gay ;
Life is all fun to thee,
T h e souls of those darkened faces of
Africa were born for eternity. Asia's hosts
blinded by the mists of sin are born for
eternity. It is time to throw off our in-
activity and work and pray to prepare the
world for the coming of our Lord.

ITEMS O F M I S S I O N A R Y INTELLIGENCE.

ABROAD. these men, whose duty it is to protect us,

Meesine, Asia Minoe.—At the last meet- in order that no reasonable means m a y be
ing of the Board of Foreign Missions, the
Treasurer, Mr. Walter T. MUler, reported a
letter from Dr. D. Metheny, dated Febru-
ary 7th, which contains detailed state-
ments of the threats and persecutions to
which our missionaries are constantly sub-
jected by the Turkish authorities. This
letter will not, for prudential reasons, be
published, but it will be m a d e the basis of
another appeal to the Department of State.
Evidently the spring of all the trouble is
the indifference or official incapacity of the
United States Minister to Turkey, H e
should have been recalled months ago, as
he has proved himself utterly unqualified
for so responsible a position.
O n a separate sheet Dr, Metheny writes:
Bro, Dodds has written to President Cleve-
land and to Minister Terrell, and I have
written a detailed account of the methods
of the Turkish officials in closing so m a n y
of our schools, disturbing all our work for
a generation and rendering precarious our
endowments and investments in real estate
for Mission work. W e have first and last
clung to the Master, the Lord of the har-
vest, and His promises, and only turn to
left untried. It might be best for us mis-
sionaries to be driven out. It might be
best for the cold and indifferent natives to
have the candlestick shaken or removed
altogether. It might be best for our
Church to learn from the jeopardy in
which its Mission work has been placed to
oj)en its eyes to its unfaithfulness as stew-
ards of God.
O n e thing certain is the coming of the
day of reckoning for Turkey. N o diplo-
macy can avert or prevent it. These times
will come to an end. I a m sure that the
m o m e n t religious liberty is established,
which is not by any means the case, mul-
titudes willflockto our Church.
Every possible occasion has been seized
to accuse us to the United States author-
ities. O u r Consular Agent here in Mer-
sine, and Consul Gibson, of Beirut, are in
sympathy with us and our work. But the
Consul does not get backing. I have care-
fully reported to him all that has tran-
spired, and he has reported it to Constan-
tinople and to the Department of State,
But issues like these give Uttle concern to
them. It is reported in a Greek newspa-
76 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
per that Mr. Terrell was recently spurned
from the presence of the Sultan. Another
paper calls him " the tail of all the Embas-
sadors.'' It is n o w very well known that
he is no match for the diplomacy of the
Turk. H o w painful that such things could
be said of one having in his hands the
power to do so m u c h good.
I a m thankful to be able for m y work.
I have daily cUnics; and every morning,
except Saturday, preach to the children,
generally aboutfiftypupils, and others be-
sides, w h o come to clinic. Our principles
are being spread abroad.
These brethren have the prayers of the
Church, and no stone is being left unturned
to secure their relief. Only a few weeks
ago Dr. Henry Jessup, of Beirut, and Dr.
Edwin Bliss, missionary editor of the In-
dependent, told us that a petition, signed
by some of the most influential m e n in
N e w Tork City, had been sent to President
Cleveland, detailing the existing state of
things in our Missionfields,and asking
for decisive action on the part of the Gov-
ernment.
Suadia, Sxeia.—Recent letters from Sua-
dia inform us that the brethren laboring
there are. in fairly good health, though
they have had some malaria to contend
with during the winter. " Miss Cunning-
ham," writes Mr. Dodds, "goes on with her
work in her usual persistent manner, and
is used of the Lord, I think, in much good
work." Though this letter is private, w e
shall take the Uberty of quoting a few sen-
tences, hoping in this way to rouse the
home-churches to more earnest and defi-
nite prayer for our representatives in the
foreignfields." H o w I wish," this brother
exclaims, " I could impress the Church at
h o m e with the necessity of holding up
missionaries' hands by constant pleading
at the throne of grace. I have been op-
pressed by a sense of an almost irresistible
spiritual decline in m y o w n Ufe. M y ex-
perience in communion with G o d is not
what it was w h e n I left home. M y wife and
I often say, ' 0, that w e might have just
one hour in a T. P. S. C, E. consecration
meeting, or the electric thrill of a sermon
coming with the conscious power of the
Holy Ghost, or the indescribable holiness
of that hour, or rather of that minute,
when at the Table of the Lord, the minis-
ter having given the elements and one has
partaken, there broods a silence and a holy
rest of awe that opens the very gates of
heaven, no word spoken, no sound heard,
and one is alone with God.'''
Here is Paul, the model missionary of
all the ages, cra-ving help: " Brethren,
pray for us, that the word of the Lord
m a y have free course and be glorified, even
as it is with you ; and that w e m a y be de-
livered from unreasonable and -wicked men;
for all m e n have not faith. But the Lord
is faithful."
"I LOST THE LOAD BUT SAVED
THE MULE."
Last faU w e had a box of dry goods, and
Dr. Moore bad a box of groceries in Lata-
kia, on then- way to us from N e w Tork.
These, with the largest mail of the year m
a bag, were given into the care of a muleteer
to bring to us here in Suadia. Although he
pretended to have a full load, yet he put
nearly oue-half more on top of our load,
and started. H e came to a rapid stream
that had to be forded. The load caused
the mule to capsize in the stream. The
muleteer cut the girths of the packsaddle.
H e , and some others with him, saved the
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
things that were on top of our boxes, but
our goods and mail-bag went d o w n stream.
They got the boxes out, however, and left
them because the mule was too weak after
its " ducking " to carry the wet load. So
it was our boxes that had to remain be-
hind. The mail-bag was not recovered at
aU andfloatedon d o w n to sea. So there
will be some letters left unanswered from
the friends in the homeland. There were,
perhaps, some holiday remembrances, but
they were as so m u c h driftwood. N o one
knows the value that w e put on our let-
ters and our papers, except those w h o
have been in simUar circumstances. In-
deed, these very letters m a y have contained
valuable things; we have not ascertained
as yet.
The muleteer was so indifferent about it
that, as he had no load, he would not be
at the trouble to come to tell us about it.
His home is about six hours from here to-
ward Latakia.
After ten days of waiting w e sent a m a n
to see w h y our load and mail had not
oome. Then w e learned that our goods
were supposed to be in the house of a
FeUah near the river. The muleteer told
his story and closed by saying, " I lost the
load, but saved the mule."
Our messenger had our water-soaked
load brought to us. Their condition from
a muddy bath and remaining in it ten days
can be imagined. W e were most grieved
over the loss of our mail.
But then w e have been quite happy
since, and so learn to take such mishaps
in the happiest way possible.
This may account for some of the irreg-
ularities in our m a U service between Sua-
dia and the big outside world.
J. Boggs Dodds.
11
C-YPEus.—In a letter to Rev. R. J-
Dodds, of Mersine, which he has kindly
translated for the Herald op Mission
News, our Licentiate in Larnaca, M .
Daoud Saadi, makes the following very
interesting report:
There was an occurrence recently in
which you may be interested. The 6th of
January some children were sent to stone
the church door. I immediately came out,
and they fled; but I ascertained their
names from a passer-by, and made infor-
mation the next day against them to the
Chief of Police and the Commissioner.
But they treated the matter with indiffer-
ence, so that I had recourse to the columns
of the People, a Greek newspaper. In it
I denounced severely those who not only
disregard God's law, but even use violence
against His Church, and reminded them
that there would be a day of reckoning,
even though they should escape the prose-
cution and punishment of man. Then I
exhorted them to repent and seek Christ.
Last Sabbath, a Government Collector
having come to the church with a company
of about twenty friends, and twelve Mos-
lems being present, twelve in all, and some
of them of the wealthy class, and the
church door being crowded with hearers,
the "Muchtar" (Collector) asked, " W h a t is
the difference between your worship and
ours, and why do you not accept the rites
of our Church?" (Greek Orthodox). In
reply I addressed them in this manner:
" W e only accept Scriptural rites, because
the Bible warns against teaching for doc-
trines the commandments of man. But
your Church has many ceremonies which
have no divine appointment. The coun-
cils for which you have such respect, and
which you think were under the Spirit's
78 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

guidance, were m u c h under the devU's in- knowledge of salvation and the grace of
fluence, and through them he accompUshed repentance from sin. H e requires us also
his purposes. In them arose those famous to be more diligent in laboring for spiritual
heresies, the Nestorian, the Jacobites, the than physical meat.
Orthodox, the Catholics, and others too " T h e Lord Jesus taught, saying, 'Be-
numerous for particular mention. In them hold the fowls, which sow not, nor reap,
there were fights and quarrels ; by their nor gather into barns, h o w your Heavenly
authority relentless persecutions were car- Father feedeth them.' In another place
ried on, and m e n were exiled ; as a result H e warns against laying up treasure on
of one council more than three hundred earth, and says for us to seek first the
were driven into exile. In them parties Kingdom of Heaven and His righteous-
cursed and anathematized one another, and ness, -with the assurance that all else
bloodshed followed, and the destruction of necessary 'will be added.
cities even. Can w e respect such authority, " W e have numerous proofs of His ability
and practice rites and ceremonies author- to do what H e has promised, e. g., the feed-
ized by them? Is the Spirit of G o d divided ing of Israel with m a n n a in the wUderness,
against Himself ? and the sending of the ravens to Eeed
"Nor again can w e admit that each per- Elijah, and the increase of the widow's
son can add to God's law according to his handful of meal and cruse of oU, all of
fancy, as though it came from H i m imper- which I dwelt upon at more length.
fect. A law which comes from G o d must " H e w h o did these things can feed your
be perfect, and h u m a n additions can but eouls, that is, save them. The salvation of
mar it. the soul by Christ is a precious salvation.
" There are among Christians some w h o It cannot be purchased with money, nor
accept the divine law and divine appoint- taken by force, or be obtained by personal
ments unquestioningly, while others, dis- righteousness, though a m a n should spend
satisfied with it, have made additions. S o m e his Ufe in prayer, crying to G o d night and
have done so to acquire fame. The more day. It can only be secured by faith in
human elements are added, the more diffi- Christ as the only Redeemer. W e must
cult of cure does the matter become. The throw far from us all worldly cares until
Bible not being accepted as a standard, the w e have seized Christ by true faith."
more obstinate party usually has its way,
according to the proverb, 'a goat it is Antiooh.—We are glad to learn from the
though it fly.'" Covenanter for March that Dr. and Mrs.
Monday I went to a 'viUage about two Martin arrived safely at Antioch on the
and a half hours distant. The priest was evening of January 5th, the very day that
in the inn, and people immediately sur- he reached hisfieldof labor in Syria twenty-
rounded us, and I began to say to them: three years ago.
" A s I passed by your fields I saw you " W e had been expected," writes Mrs.
dUigently at work, laboring for your daily Martin, "before sunset, and a number of
bread. But that G o d w h o has bestowed friends had gathered to welcome us back,
temporal gifts upon man, bestows also the but, darkness closing in, they had dispersed
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
to their homes. Most of our male m e m -
bers, however, were still on the Mission
premises awaiting our arrival, and they and
our neighbors gathered around, all rejoic-
ing that w e had been permitted to see one
another's faces again, and in a fair measure
of health. W e were very weary after our
rough voyage on the Mediterranean, yet
Dr. Martin opened the Sabbath-school next
morning, and afterwards preached to his
littleflockand to those w h o gathered with
them to worship God. A good deal of our
time has, since our return, been taken up
in recei'ving caUs, but w e are getting grad-
ually into our usual routine of work. In
reference to h o w w e flnd matters here,
whUe there is m u c h reason for gratitude,
it is true w e find a good deal of confusion
and some ill-feeling among our members
which will not be easUy removed; but our
trust is in H i m w h o has been mindful of
His promise, and has been with us always.
He wUl give Dr. Martin stUl the wisdom
and patience necessary to bring matters
into order again. But it is not wonderful
that there should be disorder. A n y con-
gregation at h o m e would probably be as un-
settled had they been deprived for nearly
three years of the regular oversight of their
pastor. The most of the trouble has arisen
from disagreement among the Mission em-
ployes—school teachers and others—who
formed into two opposing parties, each of
which then attracted to its side a section
of the congregation. Our hope is that, by
God's blessing on their pastor's return, and
his going out and in among them as for-
merly, order will soon be restored.
"Though w e have troubles, w e have also
joys. W e are cheered by seeing at our re-
ligious services a young Pellahie w o m a n
who, as a chUd, learned to read in our
79
home, and, as she was able, came in to do
charwoman's work about the house. W e
then endeavored to press on her her need
of salvation, but the natural m a n showed
the natural enmity to spiritual things. She
turned a deaf ear. Very young, she mar-
ried, and for a long time we saw little of
her. In recent years she began to visit at
the house again, and showed readiness to
listen to what she had despised. She put
her eldest boy into our school, and herself
took to reviewing her reading, which she
had quite neglected. During our recent
absence, she went to the Biblewoman at
times. The Biblewoman's youngest child
was ill for a good while, and this Pagan
w o m a n was greatly impressed to hear the
chUd's father, our colporteur, when more
than once they thought him dying, resign
the chUd to the Lord Jesus. The chUd
eventuaUy died, and the Pellahie being
present, remarked—'If one of m y children
should die, I will give him up to Christ.'
Not long after, her youngest child was
taken very suddenly Ul. She sent for the
Biblewoman, who came and remained with
her during the few hours the little fellow
lived; and the Biblewoman tells m e that
notwithstanding that the relatives and the
other w o m e n w h ofilledthe room demanded
vehemently that the mother should send
for a Pagan charmer, as is their custom, to
charm away the disease, her reply was,
' N o ; to Christ I have resigned him.'
This was just before our return ; and the
young w o m a n n o w brings her two boys to
Sabbath-school, and remains for preaching.
M a y she be led, indeed, to Christ."
New Hebeides.—Rev. Joseph Annand
writes to the Canadian Presbyterian Record
from Santo, under date of November 5th :
80 Items of Missionary InteUigence.
This is the twenty-second anniversary
of ourfirstleaving h o m e for the N e w Heb-
rides. H o w m a n y changes there have
been since then! M a n y of our loved ones
have long since gone home, and some of
them more recently. Twenty-two years of
service for the Master in circumstances not
always agreeable, but still H e has never
left us. Friend after friend with w h o m w e
once corresponded has dropped us from
their list, and probably some of them have
almost forgotten that w e are still in the
flesh, but the Lord has never cast us off.
" I will never leave thee and never forsake
thee."
Could we have secured teachers, I should
have had many out-stations before this
time. But without native helpers w e can-
not extend our work m u c h beyond our
nearer villages. The mere preaching of
the W o r d on occasional -visits does not
seem to make m u c h impression. Line upon
line, precept upon precept, reiterated day
after day, week after week, and even year
after year, are needed before the hard,
savage heart responds to the truth.
At our communion on the 30th of Sep-
tember w e received three more of our
young people to church fellowship. They
m a y become teachers to others after some
years more training. W e hope and pray
that they m a y be used of G o d in bringing
others to Him.
A letter from Rev. J. W . Mackenzie, of
Efate, to the same journal, says:
Native teachers are essential to the work.
It would be utterly impossible, owing to
the nature of the work, for a missionary to
carry it on anything like successfully with-
out them. A teacher m a y at times have a
whole island as his district.
O n this island there are a number of vU-
lages, some of them a long distance apart.
T h e missionary conducts ser'vice at the
head station, and then visits as many of
the nearer villages as he can, while his na-
tive teachers go out in different directions
to the more distant ones. Occasionally
one of them conducts the service at the
head station, and the missionary makes a
tour among the heathen villages at a dis-
tance. This visiting is continued untU
they are -wilUng to have teachers settled
a m o n g them.
W h e r e the teacher is located there may
be only two or tbi-ee of the natives really
friendly. Together these two or three and
the teacher build a small school-house,
which serves for church as well. Gradually
the leavening influence of the Gospel be-
gins to operate, and in due time the whole
village is gathered in.
The Nile Valley.—British Christians
should have a double interest in the old
Bible land of Egypt, because its general
welfare is pro-videntially intrusted to om-
oversight as a nation. Our authority in
the venerable country of the Pharaohs is
the strongest political force in its current
history. If w e m a y not throw a large
army of Christ's spiritual soldiers into
this region of undying wonder, into this
stronghold of Mohammedanism, at any rate
w e ought to heartily co-operate, encour-
age, and sustain those of our race and
tongue, yea, our very brethren by blood,
w h o are flghting the battie of the Cross
against the Crescent of Islam. The work
of lighting up the N U e Valley is chiefly in
the hands of the United Presbyterian
Church of North America, and with much
pleasure w e offer a summary of the latest
communications. The soldiers of the
 Items of Missionary InteUigence.
Cross in this miniature force are classified
as missionary, physician, native pastor,
school-teacher, colporteur, harem worker,
Bible reader, and printer. Operations be-
gan in Cairo in 1854, and have since been
carried south u p the Nile Valley to As-
souan, and north to the Mediterranean
Sea. Missionaries are located at seven
central stations, Alexandria, Tanta, M a n -
soura, Cairo, Samaloot, Assioot and Luxor.
Every province of the Egyptian kingdom
has been entered by these valiant workers,
and there is a grand total of 156 Mission
stations in the land. Forty years do not
make a very long campaign in spiritual
warfare, nor could a smaU handful of mis-
sionaries—three or four, slowly increased
to fifteen—be expected to m a k e gigantic
conquests. T h e Great Captain, however,
has been with His loyal contingent all
along the years, and by His grace there is
something substantial to show of Gospel
triumph in this land where, in the old days,
Origen, Clement and Athanasius fought
for the truth. There are thirty-one or-
ganized congregations, with over 4,000
communicants and 7,500 attendants at
Sabbath morning worship; more than 6,000
children in Sabbath-schools; nearly 3,000
women hear the Gospel from harem work-
ers. One hundred and thirteen day and
boarding schools, with their day and Bible
lessons, shed a beneficent Ught upon the
minds and hearts of 7,500 young Egyp-
tians. G o o d books are living lamps for
dark souls, and of these the bookshops
and colporteurs diffused by sales nearly
20,000 volumes, 13,000 being the Script-
ures themselves. A weekly religious news-
paper, with over 1,000 readers, and a med-
ical missionary helping 12,000 patients a
year, are powerful auxiUaries. During the
81
yearfivehundred persons entered Church
fellowship. These poor Egyptian Chris-
tians, learning to help themselves, sub-
scribed £2,137 for church purposes, and
further to complete this Uttle army of oc-
cupation in the Nile Valley, there is a col-
lege for training teachers, and a theological
seminary for providing native preachers.
A more compact and skillfully constructed
Foreign Mission m a y not be found in the
world. It is the seed of life in this hoary
land, full of promise and hope for right-
eousness ; it is the small army bearing
Christ's banner of salvation to the captives
of Moslem error and superstition; it is
the Lord's forerunner preparing the way
for the fulfillment of Isaiah's prophetic
word: " A n d the Lord shall be known to
Egypt, and the Egyptians shall know the
Lord in that day, and shall do sacrifice
and oblation; yea, they shall vow a vow
unto the Lord and perform it."—The Star
of the East.
Sybia.—All Protestant Missions in the
Turkish Empire have to contend with va-
ried forms of opposition. There is the
M o h a m m e d i s m of the empire, which hates
Christianity and blocks its progress in all
safe and possible ways. A n d there are the
old Christian churches—Latin, Greek, Ar-
menian, etc., which, though separated in
most things, are united in their opposition
to Protestant Missions, with their present-
day truth and progress. The characteris-
tics of these old churches are largely those
of the Pharisees in Jesus' time, to w h o m
tradition and policy are greater than the
life and vigor which ought to have charac-
terized them as they did the young Chris-
tian Church. A n d this opposing force
arises from the people's ignorance of con-
82 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
stitutional government and of free united
action. They have yet to learn the freedom
that is to be found in law, and the con-
fidence and strength which arise from
united and trustworthy co-operation. They
don't know their o w n power. Forces thus
varied and strong have to be contended
with by the missionaries. Nevertheless,
Protestant Missions, in their multifarious
forms of action, are Uving and powerful
forces to-day throughout Turkey, and they
have made wonderful progress during
their sixty-five years of existence. T h e
Presbyterian Missions of America have
been wisely wrought, and are being great-
Iv blessed
In Syria, one of the Asiatic provmces of
Turkey, the following agencies and results
are recorded in the December number
(1894) of The Church at H o m e a n d
Abroad:
Evangelistic—America,n missiona-
ries, male and fe-
Q • .''
sianaries^^*!^.. ^^^' 227
Ohurches '" 26
Communicants' ' .'.''. 1,972
Sabbath scholars.... 4'920
Educational—S y r i a n Protestant '
College students .. 180
Syrian medical stu-
dents 60
S y r i a n theological
students S spread acceptance of the Gospel. " In sev-
T w o boys' boarding
1 '
Three giris' boarding
schools with 267
girls.
Day schools w i t h
7,423 scholars.
W o m e n in Bible classes 350
Literary—Press issuing during year:
Bibles (and parts).... 33,281
^ther books and tracts 69 053
^he Uterature is mostly Arabic, and he-
«i<i«s Bibles and other religious books,
scientific and Uterary books are sent far
and wide to India, Africa, Arabia and other
P^^^s of Asia. In the boarding schools,
^^^^'^''^ "" religious and secular education,
^"^^ ^OJ^ ^^^ gi^l« ^^^ teamed m industrial
^o^^. Pupils come to these schools from
Egypt, Cyprus, Palestme and Asia Mmor,
^^ well as Syria. Beirut was chosen as
^"^^ headquarters of the Mission, because
«* ^^^ central commercial position on the
Mediterranean, and also because Jerusa-
^^m's inhabitants are so largely pauperized
^ I <^^eir dependence on the Mohammedan,
I^^*™' Greek, Armenian or Jewish mstitu-
^io^^^ '^i*^ ^ ^ ° ^ *^ey m a y be connected.
^^^ ^J which they are supported. The
<'^oi°^ ^^^ ^ ^ ™ justified by results.
India.—Mr. Buchanan, w h o is visiting
the Indian stations of the Church of Scot-
^^'^^ Mission, -writes strongly of the won-
derful present opportunity in Sialkot (Pun-
^^^'^- During the last forty years Christi-
^""'^^ ^^^ M o h a m m e d a n i s m have been each
striving to draw the people of this district
a,way from their ancient religion of ances-
tor worship; and at the present moment
it seems as if the battle had turned, and
the balance were inclined towards a -wide-
eral viUages there are hundreds, if not
thousands, waiting for instruction and
baptism. O n e vUlage alone had 400 in-
quirers, and no one to tell them about
Christ by living His life in their midst.
Drs. Toungson and Hutchison have waited,
the one eighteen, the other twenty-three
yeai's, to see this. Por years they made
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 83
little or no impression, and n o w they be- Covenanter Churches there are in this ter-
hold the entrance to the promised land." ritory, they will better understand the ex-
—Missionary Record. tent of our work. The possibilities of this
AT H O M E . vast country are beyond computation. Its
agricultural and mineral resources are only
Sblma, Ala.—Spring has at last dawned
beginning to be understood. Enterprising
on this South land, and very glad w e are
people from aU nations are coming in, but
to see it. It has been a very hard winter
most come for the sole purpose of gain.
on the colored people as well as others,
The few stations which the Covenanter
Knox Academy is still in session, with all
Churoh has planted here and there through-
of the teachers trying to do what they can
out this n e w empire are, as far as they are
to help their "black brothers" up to a
able, calling attention to the fact that the
higher plane of living.
Lord Jesus Christ is the only one w h o can
Although some of our larger pupils have
give social, civil, ecclesiastical and material
had to leave because of the spring work
success. It requires a long time for the
beginning, yet our school is quite well at-
h u m a n race to cease making experiments;
tended. The industrial departments are
but by calling the attention of society con-
open for work. About fifty of the larger
stantly to the fact that no other foundation
girls are doing regular work in the sewing-
can be laid " than that is laid, which is
room, and the boys are in the carpenter
Jesus Christ," w e are doing all that can be
shop at regular periods also. W e are
done, and by and by, with the blessing of
more and more con-vinced that it is quite
God's Holy Spirit, the seed will grow.
as important to educate the hand as well
Our people are at work constantly. There
as the mind, particularly with this people.
are only a few in each of our congrega-
The workers are all in good health.
tions, and all of these are in very moderate
Maegaeet MoCaetney.
circumstances. It is believed that when
DiNVEE, Col.—The Heeald of Mission Synod -visits the Missionfieldand realizes
News for February is just at hand. Its the necessities of thefield,that the m e m -
pages are so full of the work of the Church bers will view H o m e Missions as they
that it is most refreshing to read it. It could not do without personal observation.
seems that w e are so pushed in our H o m e W e know that m a n y prayers ascend to the
Mission work that w e cannot find time to throne of grace on behalf of this work,
give you an account of what w e are doing. and there has been considerable money
W h e n our work is over and w e meet on the sent to help those w h o m the Church has
other shore, w e can rehearse our experi- sent out; but the struggles of these iso-
ences ; yet it m a y be necessary for us to lated congregations can scarcely be real-
make known something of our labors so as ized. W e are not where w e can be -visited
to secure the prayers and support of the by our brethren, and in the very nature of
entire Church. the case our work does not appeal to the
If any one will take a m a p of the United sympathies of the people as does work
States and note what a vast territory is abroad or among the weaker races, Tet
west of the Missouri River and h o w few in many respects it is more difficult, and
84 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

certainly its results wUl be as far-reaching, T o Southern Mission 13 25

if done in the same spirit. Our o w n con-
gregation has a debt of $3,000. W e are $95 56
paying interest on this amount, not for our During the past year our ranks have
own personal gratification, but to keep the been broken by death and a faithful, earn-
banner unfurled in Denver—a city of 150,- est worker called away.
000 people. If w e were seeking personal In loving remembrance of Miss EUzabeth
comfort and ease w e would all have re- McCune, w h o m G o d in His providence
mained in the East. W e have been sent called home from suffering on M a y 29,
West, and choose to remain here to do the 1894. While w e mourn her absence from
Lord's work, in spite of tempting in-vita- us, yet w e thank a loving Father, who gave
tions to less laborious fields of service. her to us so long, and from the high Chris-
W i U you who have the Lord's money help tian character of her Ufe w e are assured it
us to carry on His work in helping to was the ripe H e garnered and not the
mould this forming civilization? green. Knowing it was no strange thing
J. Milligan Wylie. which happened unto her, but what must
come to us all, and as month by month we
Utioa, 0.—The Woman's Missionary So- realize our loss, m a y w e all live in such
ciety of the Utica Congregation presents preparation that when the change comes
the following report: to us, w e m a y realize the fuUness of the
During the past year eleven meetings joy that has come to her. T o the bereaved
have been held, each meeting opened by ones in ^whose h o m e is the vacant chair,
singing a portion of Psalm, reading and we tender our sympathy and commend
prayer. The roll shows a membership of them to the loving Saviour, w h o alone is
(43) forty-three, a good number of w h o m the Comforter and the Healer of these
have shown their interest in the cause by wounds.
their regular attendance. The report of Caeele Feavel,
the treasurer. Miss Jane Stitt, will show Secretary.
the condition of the finances of the so-
ciety : Hopkinton, Iowa. — The L. M. S. of
Hopkinton Congregation presents the fol-
Tearly dues $36 25
lowing report:
Monthly collections , 6 94
Another year in the history of our society
Missionary tea 10 62
has passed, and it isfittingthat we take a
Thank offering 5 00
hasty review of the year's work. Not un-
For box to Indian Mission 23 50
like the life of an individual is that of a
For Southern Mission 13 25
society. W e make plans and they may
fail, or success m a y crown our every effort,
Total $95 56
and all seem bright and promising. And
DISBUBSEMENTS. again, " Over our hearts and into our lives
T o Foreign Mission $58 81 shadows sometimes fall;" and over our
Box to Indian Mission 23 50 society the shadows have fallen. For
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 85

during the year two loved members have presence with us, guiding and bless
been taken from our midst—one a member efforts, and verifying to us the precious
ever ready to do her part, and another our promise, " Lo, I am with you alway."
honored president, Mrs. T, H. Acheson. teeasueee's eepoet.
W e shaU miss her loving, cheerful pres- Total amount contributed $95 32
ence and Christian devotion to the work of disbuesements.
the society. To Poreign Mission .,. $50 00
Our society numbers thirty-two active Jewish Mission 8 00
members. Four names have been added Topeka Church Building 6 00
to our roll during the year. Expenses of delegate 4 15
Twelve regular- and two caUed meetings For Missionary Review 2 50
have been held, with an average attendance Clothing for the poor 3 75
of nine (9), Postage 0 80
Our work has been for the most part as- Balance in treasury 20 12
sistmg the Missions of the Church, and Jennie E. Dunlap,
while we labor for those on distant shores, Treasurer.
those in need of help near by are not for- Maey E. Gutheie,
gotten. Secretary.
Our annual meeting was held February
Gth, An address was given by Rev, H, In Memoeiam.—On her birthday, July
Robinson on City Missions in Chicago, and 29, 1894, May, only daughter of Samuel
a sad picture was presented of the destitu- and Maggie A. Jackson, died of diphtheria,
tion for Christian instruction existing in at the home of her parents, in Philadelphia,
that city. Miss Joseph read a letter from Pa. This little girl, naturally a strong and
Syrian Mission, and told of the recent dis- healthy child, and able to walk about the
turbance caused by the Turkish Govern- room to the last moment, was caUed away
ment. Rev. Mackintosh then spoke on the after a brief illness offivedays. A bap-
life-work of David Livingstone, tracing, tized member of the First Reformed Pres-
with clearness and forcible application, the byterian Church, she regularly attended
travels and career of the great hero. The the Sabbath-school until the Sabbath pre-
reading of missionary biography was re- vious to her removal. Though only eight
commended as a stimulus to missionary years of age. May loved the Bible. She
effort. The meeting closed with some was familiar with the Psalms, and seemed
timely and encouraging remarks by our to take special pleasure in reading the
pastor. Gospel according to John, many chapters
A review of the past should prepare us of which she was able to repeat from
for more efficient work, and inspire us with memory. Only a little while before the
fresh courage to labor in the cause of end came, she said, in reply to her mother.
Missions. that she could only think of one verse:
W e should look hopefully into the future, "Rejoice and be exceeding glad, for
ever ready to seize its opportunities and great is your reward in heaven." The
meet its duties; and may we feel God's sudden removal of this little girl recalls
 86 Monographs.

the touching story of a Hebrew minister them up." " M y dear," he replied, "how
whose only daughters died when he was should you have been at any loss ? Didn't
away on a journey. There was no way of you say it was a loan ?" Without answer-
sending word to their father; but, two days ing a word, she led him up-stairs into the
after, he returned home. After he had room with the white-covered bed, and with
rested awhile, his wife began to tell him of a bursting heart exclaimed, "These were
several things that had occurred during our jewels, love. ' The Lord gave and the
his absence. " One thing," she said, " was Lord hath taken away. Blessed be the
this: A friend of ours, who had lent us name of the Lord.' "
some jewels, called to ask me to return These little ones are jewels, lent to pa-
them. Oh, I wished you had been here to rents for a time; but they belong to the
advise me, for I was very unwUling to give Lord, May is safe -with the Saviour,

M O N O G R A P H S .

CLOSING EXERCISES OF THE from John 15 :1; and Mr. T. M. Slater,

THEOLOGICAL SEMINART, from Phil. 3:3; and on Wednesday after-
noon by Mr. D. O. Jack, from Psalm 68:19;
The Board of Superintendents of the Mr. A. MoIntyre George, from Heb. 9:12;
Theological Seminary met in the Hall on Mr. A. J. McPariand, from Heb. 2:17, and
March 19th, 9 a. m. The members were all Mr. R. M. Blackwood, from Matt. 18: 52.
present except Mr, Sommer-vUle, and Elder The discourses and examinations were
D. Boyd, who had arranged to come, but heartily sustained.
was prevented. Certiflcates were given to Messrs. Black-
Oral examinations were held in Biblical wood, Gilmore, George and McPariand of
Introduction by Professor WUlson, and in the Third Tear class, and diplomas to
Pastoral Theology by Professor George. Messrs. Mclsaac and Reed.
The examination papers of the students in A petition to Synod requesting it " to
the other studies were submitted to the change the theological course from its
Board. present term of four years of six months
Discourses were delivered in the Alle- per year, to a course of three years of eight
gheny church on Tuesday afternoon by months, or of such a number of months
Mr. E. A. Crooks, from Psalm 55 :22; Mr. per year as may be deemed proper," and
W . McLeod George, from Isaiah 4: 2; Mr. signed by ten of the students, was laid on
James McCune, from II. Cor. 3 :18 ; and the table and ordered to be transferred by
Mr. J. B. Gilmore, from John 20:31; on the Professors and Board.
Tuesday evening by Mr. Louis Meyer, from Revs. W . J. Coleman, D. C. Martin and
Acts 20:27; Mr. C. McLeod Smith, from I R. C. Wylie were present during some of
Kings 8:57, 58; Mr. A. M.Thompson, the sessions.
 Monographs.
The reports of the Professors were or-
dered to be pubUshed with the minutes.
J. W . Speoull, Secretary.
PEOFESSOES' JOINT BEPOET.
To the Board of Superintendents of the
Theological Seminary:
The following joint report of the session
of 1894-5 is respectfully submitted :
The session was opened September 18,
1894, 'with a lecture by Professor George,
on the subject, " John Calvin; Viewed
from the Standpoint of His Affections.''
Fifteen students have been in attendance
during the term. Their names and grades
are as foUows:
FOUETH Tbae.
John Brown Mclsaac, James Gray Reed.
Thied Tkae.
Robert Morrison Blackwood, Andrew
Mclntyre George, John Blair Gilmore,
Andrew James McFarland.
Second Teae.
Thomas MelvUle Slater.
First Tbae,
Elza Allen Crooks, David Owen Jack,
Louis Meyer, Albert Mel-ville Thompson,
William McLeod George, James McCune,
Calvin McLeod Smith, William Thomas
Knox Thompson.
Of the students of thefirstyear, Messrs.
Crooks and A. M . Thompson are graduates
of Amity College, Iowa; Mr. Jack is a
graduate of Grove City College, Pa.; Mr.
Smith is a graduate of the University of
Cincinnati; Messrs. George, McCune and
W. T. K. Thompson are graduates of Ge-
neva College, Pa.; Mr. Meyer was educated
in Germany, and is a graduate of the
Gymnasium in Parchim, Mecklenburg. H e
also studied medicine four years in Berlin,
Marburg, Wurzburg and HaUe.
87
Twelve of the students were present at
thefirstof the session. Mr. Jack entered
September 20th ; Mr. Gilmore was present
at the opening lecture, but owing to his
business engagements for the summer
could not return to his studies until Octo-
ber 15th; Mr. Meyer entered November
5th; after the holiday vacation Mr. A. M.
George did not return untU January 29th.
Mr. W . T. K. Thompson took sick of a
fever February 21st, and has not been able
to be present since that time. Mr. McCune
suffered bereavement by the death of his
father, which occurred on the 4th of Janu-
ary. Circumstances connected with this
event kept him at home eight days.
The Central Board of Missions appoint-
ed Mr. Mclsaac stated supply at McKees-
port during the seminary sessions. This
he found to be to his disadvantage in his
seminary work, andfinallyresigned the
position.
In accordance with the direction of the
Board a record showing the attendance of
each student is herewith submitted.
Each of the students prepared and de-
livered two pieces during the session,
except Mr. A. M. George, who preached
once. These discourses gave evidence of
much care in their preparation. The stu-
dents are to be commended for a lively
interest in each other's work, and for mu-
tual assistance rendered by kindly and
judicious criticism.
Professor Burleigh was employed to con-
tinue his instructions in elocution the same
as last year.
The subject of Missions receives much
attention in connection with our seminary
course. The critical and exegetical study
of the Scriptures, which occupy so large a
portion of our time, keep constantly be-
 Monographs.
fore the minds of the students the divine
conception of the redemptive work as it is
related to the kingdom of Christ and the
salvation of souls. Our text-book in
Church History treats the History of Mis-
sions as a distinct department in connec-
tion with each period. The methods of
doing evangelistic work were very fully
discussed in the lectures on Pastoral The-
ology last year, occupying ten lectures,
giving instruction applicable to work in
either the h o m e or foreign field. In addi-
tion to these regular instructions, w e have
annual visits from representatives of the
Students' Volunteer Missionary movement.
This year Mr. H . L. Pitkin, of Tale, and
Mr. A. E. Adams, of McCormick Theolog-
ical Seminary, came at different times and
gave able addresses. The Students' Mis-
sionary Society held regular monthly meet-
ings for conference and prayer. With a
view to the systematic and connected study
of the whole subject and of the present
needs of the world, the students procured
text-books pubUshed by T. & T. Clark,
Edmburgh. The books had to be import-
ed, and owing to their late arrival and the
pressure of other work necessary to be
completed, w e did not enter on their study
this winter. W e are prepared to take it
up next year in connection with the de-
partment of Church History, to which it
naturally belongs.
It gives us pleasure to refer to the
kindly interest in the students manifested
by Mrs. David Gregg and her daughter,
Mrs. J. R. MoKee. Mrs. Gregg has dis-
tributed equally among all in attendance
upon the seminary valuable books, and
money to the amount of three or four hun-
dred doUars; and Mrs. M c K e e keeps up
the custom of her lamented husband by
extending aid where she learns that it will
be helpful. These tokens of regard for the
students under our care awaken our grati-
tude.
Best of aU, w e are able to speak with
confidence concerning the spiritual life and
consecration of our young men. The hour
of prayer was observed regularly every
Wednesday afternoon, and very rarely was
any student absent from its exercises. The
meetings were presided over by the stu-
dents and professors in turn, the exercises
were voluntary and were readUy partici-
pated in by all. T h e devotional hour
seemed to hold thefirstplace ; w e looked
forward to it with expectation, and felt its
spii'itual uplift even after it had passed.
All the students have rendered assist-
ance in the Sabbath-schools and in evan-
gelistic labors in connection 'with our con-
gregations in these cities.
In closing our report w e would caU to
mind that our report last year contained a
request that the Board would call the at-
tention of the Church to the urgent need
of an increase in the number of candidates
for the ministry, and asked her prayers on
this behalf. With this request the Board
readily complied. In this goodly number
of students of di'vinity present before you
w e have the response of the Chm'ch's sons
to her call for laborers, and the answer of
the Church's glorious H e a d to the prayers
of His people. Shall w e not rejoice to-
gether in these e-vident tokens of Divine
favor, and give thanks at the remembrance
of His holiness?
Respectfully submitted.
D. B. Willson, ) p^^^^^^^^^
R. J. Geokge, ) •'
 Monographs.
"SAVED AS B T FIRE.'
There have been causes of thanksgi-ving
and apparent causes for fear since I wrote
to you last with reference to our work.
The Metron of the Greek Chui'ch stayed
here quite a while last fall, keeping some
of our brethren in suspense. But he
"folded his tent and silently stole away,"
leaving a m a n in charge of four schools
among the Greek people, with authority to
coUect 100 liras ($500), if necessary, for
carrying on these day schools. After a
few weeks of skyrocket effort, the schools
closed. There was a sUght decrease in our
day-school attendance at the beginning of
the year, but the attendance has been
sUghtly better since these Greek schools
closed; the probable result of children,
whose parents had been compelled to send
them to the Greek schools, having taken a
liking to school; and upon the closing of
the Greek schools, they have entered ours
from an awakened desire to go to school.
May w e not praise G o d that thus the ad-
versary was permitted to overreach him-
self in these opposition schools?
The sohool closed on a Friday last fall.
The following Sabbath the Mudeer, local
Governor, sent a soldier to the houses of
three men, all Greeks, w h o had children in
our schools, with orders to arrest these
men, and to bring them before him. This
was done quite early in the morning. T h e
following dialogue ensued:
Said the Mudeer: "Have you chUdren
in school?"
"Tes, your honor."
"In what school?"
"In the American school."
" Are you Americans ?"
" N o ; believe us, your honor, w e are
Ottomans."
" Of what sect are you?"
" W e are Greeks, your honor."
" D o you not know that you are for-
bidden to send your children to that
school ? "
" Tes, your honor; but w e wish our sons
to learn, and the school is good."
" Give attention to this : If you don't
take your children out of that school, I wiU
assuredly fine you five liras (the wages of
a laborer for 178 days) and imprison you
three months."
Thus he " threatened them and let them
go."
But when school opened again in October
these children all returned, and are n o w in
school; the parents have not been molested
either.
O n e of these m e n had been as hard a
drinker as the m e n usually become in this
place. H e had been accustomed to run to
that excess of riot and carousal that is so
prevalent here. S o m e two years ago our
workers here had so instructed him con-
cerning his course of life as contrasted with
that which is required of men, that he was
induced to quit drinking. H e brought his
boy (Nicola) to school, and he was received
into the boarding school. F r o m that time
on the father came here, as the children's
parents are accustomed to do, from time to
time to see his boy. The evangelist and
others gave special attention to him.
Through Nicola, the father became inter-
ested to learn to read the Gospel. H e set
himself resolutely to work to learn to read.
After two years he has learned to read
fairly well. H e became more and more in-
terested in the Gospel story of redeeming
love by which he was w o n to a better life.
Whereas he used to go away from h o m e
every night to drink, or to have drinking
90 Monographs.
bouts in his o w n house, he n o w became so
absorbed in the precious W o r d that he sat
by the hour slowly, stammeringly reading
his new-found treasure. The scales began
to drop from his eyes of ignorant supersti-
tion. H e began to see the utter falsity of
his former religion; to realize h o w far he
had been from the right way ; the terrible
eternity towards which he had been hasten-
ing headlong. His wife and widowed
mother were happy in his staying at h o m e ;
in his sobriety; in his improved demeanor
toward his family, but they cared nothing
for " the new religion of the Protestants."
The boy in school was a great help to his
father at home. The father was more and
more attracted to our meetings. H e became
very earnest to be in the pathway to heaven.
Several sudden and rather extraordinary
deaths among his neighbors alarmed him,
and compelled him to see the possibility of
being snatched away unprepared. Several
times last spring and summer while I was
preaching, with Miss^Cunningham as inter-
preter, I could see his face change color as
he eagerly leaned forward in his seat to
catch the words from the interpreter's Ups.
H e was anxious to be one of us, but how
to get a living if he cut loose from his sect.
H e held quite an honorable place among
his fellow-men—a barber and dentist,
i. e., tooth-puller—with other capabUities;
he was connected with one of the richest
and most influential famiUes in the place
here. To become a Protestant was to
ostracize himself, was to cut himself off
from all former patronage by which he
could earn his living. W h a t to do with
his famUy was a sore test to him. O,
h o w hard to the natural m a n to step
out on the promises of G o d ! How
many of our people in the home land fail
on this very point! H o w m a n y professing
Christians drag out a weary frog-in-the-
well experience simply because they will
not step out upon the promises of God.
Por this m a n to become a laborer was to
lose caste and be a marked man, whereas
he had been accustomed to be honored.
But " w e shall know, if w e follow on to
k n o w the Lord." Sometimes the Lord
leads us over mountains of difficulty, but
the follower of the Lord receives the bless-
ings. This inquirer was to be prevented,
if possible, from embracing Protestantism.
T o this end, the whole sect was warned at
the church on a certain day, that if any one
of them knew of bim going any more to
the Protestant meetings, he was not to
countenance him in anything whatever.
But the hungry soul knew the only oasis
of food in this spiritual desert, and in spite
of threats and curses, continued to attend
the proscribed meetings. Thus that which
he feared came to him. H e was, in fact,
compelled to look the wolf in the face,
w h U e trying to see the King in His beauty.
His wife and mother were against him be-
coming a Protestant, and railed on him for
bringing them to such straits. W h o can
tell what he endured from the buffetings
of Satan and his alUes ? H e very reluct-
antly tells anything about himself.
One day last summer, in Kessab, I was
m u c h surprised to see this m a n walk into
our dooryard. H e presented a letter in
which there was a plea for work, and the
expression of a wUlingness to accept any
kind of work that would provide for his
family. H e was 'willing to be a servant
and a cook. T o u m a y be sure that we
were surprised for a moment, knowing, as
w e do, what a sacrifice of h u m a n pride and
what a surrender to Christ this must be.
 Monographs. 91

After a long talk, work was arranged for young and intensify their interest in the
him. For some time w e had been in need service of Christ.
of a servant. Thus our necessity was this 10 Belmont Avenue, K e w ,
man's opportunity. H e returned to his Victoria, Australia,
family, and at the appointed time he came 12th February, 1895.
to our house as a servant. In another Master David W . Park.
article I hope to be able to show you more M y Dear Toung Friend and Helper:
fully what this meant to him. W h a t taunts Let m e most cordially thank you for the
and jeers met him! O n e of his nearest $13 so kindly sent m e from your "Day-
neighbors met him soon after and said with spring Band," for which m a y our dear
a sneer : " I hear that you are going to lick Lord Jesus Christ reward and bless you
plates for the Kussees" (Protestant min- and every member of your "Band." Will
ister). These he endured for Christ's sake. you kindly thank them for m e , and say
Two weeks ago that impenitent scoffer h o w m u c h I a m encouraged by such help,
died. in proof that you have not forgot, but con-
At our fall communion he made a public tinue to pray for and remember m e so as
profession of faith in Christ, along with an- to give such help to our Mission.
other—a young man, the son of one of our After a long tour in Canada and Britain
members. Boldly he took the step, trem- I got back here about four months ago,
blingly it is true, but trustingly. I have and have been kept very busy since m y
seen some hard fought battles with Satan, return. T w o months have been spent in
I have seen the evil spirit leave the poor visiting and addressing all the congrega-
one almost lifeless in the severity of the tions and Sabbath Schools in Tasmania,
bodUy prostration, but I have always seen and now, in about four weeks, with two
loving friends waiting to receive the rescued new missionaries, I sail for the islands, to
one; but our brother returned to his house help in their settlement and to be awhile
only to receive the scorn of his wife and among m y own] dear people on Aniwa,
the sneer of his family and friends. T h e helping, teaching and encouraging them
fiercerfireswere kindling. in the ser'vice of Jesus.
J. Boggs Dodds. T o u will be glad to hear that on the 19th
Suadia, Syria. of this month our Poreign Mission Com-
mittee meets to make final arrangements
FOR THE CHILDREN. for giving the order to build our new Day-
A lad of eight years, li'ving in N e w Tork spring Mission ship with auxiliary steam
City, recently received the following letter power, and your donation shall go to help
from Dr. J. G. Paton, and is very happy to to keep her. T o secure what will keep
share the good things it contains with the her yearly, I have been doing all possible
girls and boys of other churches. Like to enlist the help and sympathy of our
the blessed Sa'viour, w h o manifested such a Sabbath Schools and young people in Aus-
deep concern for chUdren during His tralia, N e w Zealand and Tasmania, and w e
earthly ministry, true missionaries never hope for considerable help from America
let slip an opportunity to encourage the and Canada. A n d from such helpers I
92 Monographs.

hope many of our future missionaries will religious prejudice had kept barred for
grow up to spend and be spent in pleading ages. A hand from the sky strikes on the
for our blessed Jesus, in telling the poor horologue of time 1813, and India opens
heathen of H i m and His salvation. W e her gates to Christianity; 1818, and Mada-
have one son n o w a missionary on Malicu- gascar opens hers; 1820, Turkey; 1834,
la, and another will be there in a year. Persia; 1842, five ports of China; 1859,
H e was lately licensed as a minister and is Japan; 1860, all China; 1884, Korea. The
n o w going to study medicine for one year dark continent itself and every island of
to qualify him the better for the Mission the sea are n o w open to Christian Mis-
work. A n d another son, fourteen years of sions—and so the prayers of many genera-
age, is devotedly studying for the Mission. tions have been answered in our century.
A n d this year I expect two young mission- So Christianity stands face to face with
aries from Scotland w h o m I engaged, when every aUen faith.
at home, for the N e w Hebrides. So our At the opening of the century there were
Saviour helps in His blessed work, and ere only forty-seven translations of the entire
long I hope to see all our poor islanders Bible in existence; to-day there are ninety
trying to love and serve Jesus. entire translations; 230 partial ones; 320
Where our son is the savages near hia in all; 500,000,000 of the human race now
station lately shot three men, one of them have the opportunity of studying the Bible
because he went to the Sabbath School in regions which knew almost nothing of
and had become a Christian, but he died it before the present century began. There
looking to Jesus for salvation, and the are n o w about a mUlion Uving Church
savage w h o shot him is n o w a Christian. members w h o have been gathered out of
M y dear young friend, try in all you do pagan populations. In aU the Mission sta-
to love and serve Jesus, living for Jesus, tions in the world it is supposed that there
and H e will bless you with true hapjuness, were during the past year 100,000 con-
and with peace and joy in believing, and verts, or 2,000 each week.—Joseph Cook,
help you in doing good, and m a y H e so in Our D a y .
bless every member of your Dayspring
Band and all your dear friends. THE CHURCH TRANSFORMED,
Wishing you all every blessing in Jesus, Within the last one hundred years the
I remain. work of Foreign Missions has wrought the
Tours gratefully, greatest transformation in the experience
John G. Paton. and Ufe of the Church that anything short
of the direct power of the Holy Ghost
OPENINGS AND SUCCESSES.
could have wrought. A contemporary of
It is said that only Mecca in Arabia and Carey tells us that up to the time that the
Lhassa in Thibet are n o w closed to Chris- attention of the English Baptists was
tian preachers, but a hundred years ago called to the subject of Missions there had
nearly the whole world outside of Europe been great depression in the minds and
and America was shut. O n e stands amazed hearts of his parishioners.
at the opening of portals that national and The old-fashioned type of piety which
 Editorial Notes.
dug forever at self, and was only solicit-
ous to know whether one's "frames" and
emotions were such as to m a k e sure the
salvation of his o w n poor soul, was found
to be a starveling and shrivelled sort of
Christian experience. B u t the n e w mis-
sionary spirit which was enkindled just
then was like a flash of sunlight on a
cloudy day, or the clearing up of a dark
and murky atmosphere by a fresh breeze
from the mountains. M e n stopped worry-
ing about self and got into the current of
Christian work. Their souls expanded
with the thought of reclaiming a lost
world; and coming thus into the very
lines of Christ's o w n life and activity, they
felt the touch and joy of the Christlike
spirit.
EDITORIAL
—The Herald of Mission News is great- one w h o has not yet learned the value of a
ly indebted to some of its readers for ma-
terial assistance this year. Rev. Henry
Easson, w h o seems to take as m u c h inter-
est in the Syrian Mission as when on the
field. Miss Maggie B. Edgar, whose obvi-
ous desire, while on furlough, is to rouse
the churches to greater activity in the
cause so dear to her o w n heart. Rev.
J. R. W . Stevenson, formerly of Cyprus,
and still deeply interested in the work
on the Island, and Mrs. A. J. Robb,
of Bovina, N . T., have added m a n y
names to its list of subscribers. Very
many, like Mrs. Elizabeth L u n d y and Miss
M. Mcllvain, of N e w Tork, and other
friends of missionary work, have, when re-
newing their subscriptions, enclosed a dol-
lar, requesting us to send a copy to some
93
So throughout all Protestant Christendom
a similar exchange from the old extreme
subjectivity of the Christian life was every-
where wrought by the new missionary era.
M e n laid down the question of their per-
sonal salvation at the foot of the cross,
while they asked: " W h a t wilt Thou have
m e to do?" That transformation has
been worth more to Christendom a thou-
sand times than the cost of all the mission-
ary enterprises of the world. N o w even
childhood is uplifted anci ennobled by this
impulse. In the increased knowledge of,
and sympathy for, the world of mankind
you might almost say that the influence of
the missionary work has, of itself, consti-
tuted a liberal education with thousands.—
Rev. Dr. Ellenwood.
N O T E S .
missionary journal. It is a pleasure to
make these acknowledgments. A n d if those
w h o have not yet paid for last year will
remit arrearages at once and renew for
1895, w e will not scold any more for a
month.
—At a meeting of the Board of Foreign
Missions, Tuesday, March 26th, S. A. S.
Metheny, M . D., son of our senior mis-
sinary. Rev. Dr. Metheny, was appointed
medical missionary to Asia Minor. H e
will not, however, enter on the work for a
year, as he wishes to spend a winter in
Europe, where he will attend a course of
lectures on surgery and visit some of its
leading hospitals, that he m a y be more
thoroughly equipped for his life-work.
94 Editorial Notes.

W e congratulate the Church on securing Mrs. Margaret Pollock $5 20

the services of a young m a n so highly Clarinda, la.
spoken of and beloved as a Christian phy- Miss Mary J. Gray 3 65
Clarksburg, Pa.
sician, and one whose knowledge of Arabic
L. M . Society 12 50
'wiU enable him to enter upon the duties
Oakdale, IU.
of his profession as soon as he reaches the
Miss Eliza M . Cannon 5 20
field. W y m a n , la.
— T h e following contribution has been Mrs. S. G. Connor 5 20
received, since last report, towards the Hickory, Pa.
salary of Pastors' Missionary for a second A friend of Missions 12 50
year : A friend of Missions 12 50
N e w York, N. Y.
Rev. R. C. Wylie $10 00
"Wilkinsburg, Pa. Miss Margaret McCartney 3 65
Ten or twelve of the brethren, whose Selma, Ala
names are on our list, have not yet made " Sadie Cubbage 3 65
their second payment, and the money " Jennie Connor 12 50
ought to be in the hands of the Treasurer Venice, Pa.
in a few days. — A few days ago Mrs. Edwin Chase, of
—During the past month the following Nova Scotia, in sending a fourth annual
payments have been made towards the payment towards the salary of the Toung
salary of the Elders' Missionary for a Women's Missionary, enclosed $7.80 from
second year : her Sabbath-school class. Every year
Mr. W m . McCuUagh $5 00 brings an offering from these chUdren to
N e w York, N. T. the Foreign Missions, and the money con-
W . R. Sterrett 5 00 tributed on this occasion will, in compliance
Cedarville, Ohio. with their request, be appropriated to aid
J. B. Patterson 3 65
in the education of a pupU in one of the
J. R. Steele 3 65
Latakia boarding schools.
J. M . Elder 3 65
New Alexandria, Pa.
—The Treasurer of the Foreign Missions
John Robison 4 00
Dresden, Ohio. has requested us to acknowledge the re-
W e should be glad to see on this roll ceipt of $151.50 from Mrs. H u g h Lamont,
the name of every Elder in the Church. It of the First Reformed Presbyterian Church,
would be an inspiration to the people. of Philadelphia. This timely contribution
— T h e young w o m e n of the Church is the proceeds of the sale of a beautiful
continue to fulfill their pledges to aid in and elaborate quilt prepai-ed by Mrs.
the support of a Foreign Missionary, as Lamont, with $.50 from Mrs. A. J. Brown,
the following contributions towards the of the same congregation, and smaller
salary of their representative for a third donations from other friends. The money,
year clearly show: in compliance with the request of the
Mrs. J. J. Reichert $5 20 donor, shall be equaUy divided between
San Diego, Cal. the Syrian and the Tarsus Missions.
 Editorial Notes. 95
— M r . Walter T. Miller has also received the approaching convention of Reformed
$56.96 from the T. P. S. C. E., of Rochester, Presbyterian Churches in Glasgow. W e
N. T. Some years ago that society agreed are very sorry to learn that the returns from
to contribute $75 annuaUy for a term of this country to the appeal for funds have
three years towards the work on the Island been disappointing to the Executive, " fall-
of Cyprus. But owing to the resignation ing short of eighty dollars." The Chair-
of the pastor and the unsettled condition man, Rev. James Kerr, has recently sent
of the church, it became practically dis- out a Circular in which he urges the pastors
organized. W e cannot c o m m e n d too highly to " use their influence to secure such a re-
the diligence of Miss Martha D. Toaz, w h o sponse as will e'vince the hearty interest of
visited the former members and secured the Church in the States in this very im-
from them this amount. W e hope to hear portant movement." " The Executive," he
of the revival of this society. N o congre- says, " are anxious that the whole sum de-
gation can afford to lose the benefit of sired ($2,000) should be subscribed soon
having its youth thus banded together for in order that they m a y devote their un-
prayer and Christian work. divided attention to the whole details of
— A s in former years, the w o m e n of the proposed arrangements, and m a y under-
Second N e w Tork have recently sent to the stand to what extent these arrangements
Treasurer $490.50 for the school work in m a y be warranted." W e hope that the
Syria. readers of the Heeald of Mission News
will carefully examine the circulars sent to
— S o m e time ago w e received a letter this country, and, as w e suppose, distributed
from Dr. Samuel Murtland, of N e w Tork, in the several churches, and then do what
covering his check for $100, with these they can to make the convention worthy
brief instructions: " Kindly apply to mis- of our denominational history.
sionary work where you think it is most
— T h e 17th Annual Report of the N. T.
needed, or where it will do most good."
Christian H o m e for Intemperate Men, 1175
This donation has been appropriated to aid
Madison ave.. N e w Tork, has been received.
in completing repairs on the Upper and
W e cordially c o m m e n d this institution
Lower Houses in Suadia. A n d w e take
to the liberality of all w h o are interested
this opportunity of again reminding in-
in the cause of temperance and the salva-
diriduals and congregations that m a n y
tion of m e n w h o have been brought under
hundreds of dollars are still needed to the enslaving power of the drink habit.
cover the expenditure that Synod author-
This is not a reformatory, but a Christian
ized the Board to make for the comfort of home, and w e know some who, when very
the missionaries and the efficiency of their degraded, were led to avail themselves of
work in that field. its influence, and seem to be thoroughly
— F o r some months there have appeared regenerated m e n to-day, respected in the
in our columns well-written and exceed- Church and society. The manager well
ingly interesting articles on the Cove- describes it as " a home, founded by prayer
nanters. Our object in publishing these — a h o m e from which many hundreds of
papers has been to remind our readers of intemperate m e n have gone forth saved
 96 Editorial Notes.

and redeemed, and are now useful and Conference on the Ministry of the Holy
honorable citizens in different parts of our Spirit, held in Brooklyn, October, 1894,
country. It is a home unsectarian in its with an introduction by the Rev. A. C.
-views, but orthodox in its Christian Dixon; and The Divine Indwelling. B y
teachings." the Rev. E . W o o d w a r d Brown.
MiSSIONAEY Liteeatuee — T h e Personal — T h e following letter from Rev. John
Life of David Livingstone, L L . D., D . HaU, D. D., L L . D., Pastor of Fifth
C. L. B y W . Garden Blaikie, D. D., Avenue Presbyterian Church, N e w Tork
L L . D., author of Heroes of Israel, etc., City, regarding the book entitled "The
pp. 508. Price, $1.50. The Fleming H Story of St. Patrick," by J. Sanderson,
Revell Company, N e w York, Chicago and D, D , and "Ireland, The Irish," by J. B,
Toronto. Finlay, L L , D,, explains itself:
This life of Dr. Livingstone is " chiefly I do wish that m y countrymen—Protest-
gathered from his unpublished journals ant and R o m a n Catholic, would secure
and correspondence in the possession of this "readable" book, and see that St,
his family," and is especially valuable as a Patrick is not a "legend," nor was he a
record of the inner life of the great mis- monk, nor a subj ect of the Vatican, but a real
sionary explorer. In his preface the author missionary, doing, in teaching, organizing,
says : "His discoveries and researches educating, and circulating God's Word,
have been given to the public in his own what Dr, Paton is doing to-day in the
books, but his modesty led him to say little N e w Hebrides, and w h o made Ireland
in these of himself, and those who knew what she was for centuries—a center of
him best feel that little is known of the European scholarship, and traly, an "Isl-
strength of his affections, the depth and and of Saints," John Hall.
purity of his devotion or the intensity of N e w York.
his aspirations as a Christian missionary.'' This large octavo volume is published af
"Nothing can be more telling than $4. But the Hebald of Mission News wUl
his life as an evidence of the truth and make special terms to its readers. Write
power of Christianity, as a plea for Chris- for particulars.
tian Missions or civilization, or as a demon- — W e axe glad to add to our list of ex-
stration of the race connection between changes " T h e Toung People's Foreign
reUgion and science." W e cordially com- Missionary Journal." This magazine rep-
mend this book to our readers, and wish resents an interdenominational society of
for it a wide circulation. young people, that depends entirely for its-
The Fleming H. Revell Company -will support upon the voluntary contributions
also publish shortly three new books on of Christian people. T w o representatives,
the subject of the Holy Spirit: Messrs. David M . Reoeh and Sidney V.
The Ministry of the Spirit. B y the Whittemore, have, within a few days, left '
Rev. A . J. Gordon, D. D.; with an intro- for Africa, hoping to enter upon missionary
duction by the Rev. F. B . Meyer. The work in the Soudan. They should have
Holy Spirit in Life and Service, com- the sympathy and prayers of aU who lover '
prising addresses delivered before the the Saviour.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
May, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1895.

O U R V I E W S O F MISSION W O R K .

THE FOREIGN MISSIONART CALL.* III. N o one should go w h o is unwiUing

Rev. Henry H. Jessup, D. D., Beirut, to go anywhere. There should be complete
Syria. self-surrender. T h e wise and experienced
W h o a m o n g Christian students ought officers of our Mission boards are always
not to go ? A s the result of an experience ready to consider the personal preferences
of nearly forty years at the front I can of candidates for special fields. B u t the
mention twelve classes of m e n w h o will be true spirit of a missionary is one of readi-
justified in remaining at h o m e : ness to g o " w h e r e duty calls or danger,"
I. Those in infirm healtJi. It is not wise making no conditions.
IV. Those w h o believe that the mission-
to send invaUds so far away from h o m e .
The expense is so great and the risk so se- ary enterprise is d o o m e d to failure. M r .
M o o d y said at the recent meeting of the
vere that none but those of " m.6ns sana in
American Board in Madison : " Pessimists
corpore sano " should g o abroad. N o one
have n o place in the Christian pulpit. W e
should go w h o cannot pass the examination
want hopeful men." A n d w e can say with
of a medical examiner of a reliable Ufe in-
equal truth, pessimists have no place in the
surance company.
foreign missionary work. W e want hope-
II. Those too old to learn a foreign lan-
ful m e n in this glorious aggressive warfare.
guage. It is not often that one over thirty
O u r K i n g and Captain is going forth "con-
can master a difficult foreign language.
quering and to conquer." It is a winning
Mr. Calhoun, of Syria, began to study the
cause. Expect to succeed. Omnipotence
Arabic language at nearly forty and suc-
is on your side. T h e Eternal Spirit of G o d
ceeded, but h e had had previous experience
is with you. Christ is " with you alway,
with the m o d e r n Greek. G o o d linguists
even unto the end of the world." T h e
can learn a foreign language at thirty-five
dispensation of the Holy Spirit is not a
or even forty, but such cases are the rare
failure, and w a s not intended to be a fail-
exceptions. S o m e foreign tongues are
ure. T o u g o to lead m e n to Christ, to or-
easier than others, but as a rule it is better
ganize churches, to train a Christian min-
to send the y o u n g to grapple with Zulu
istry, to lay foundations for a glorious
cUcks, Arabic gutturals a n d Chinese char-
spiritual buUding to the praise and honor
acters.
of Christ. If you expect only disaster, ret-
*Thi8 article Is taken from the Student Volunteer, for rogression and final collapse, and can only
February, 1895.
98 Our Views of Mission Work.

look on the dark side, do not go abroad to lives and the lives of others, and given oc-
cast the gloom of your pessimism over casion to the enemies of G o d to blaspheme.
your fellow laborers and finally sink in S o m e of them have become a charge on
despair. T o u can do little at h o m e with other missionaries. W h a t would St. Luke,
such a spirit. T o u can do still less the beloved physician, have said to the
abroad. modern school of enthusiasts who de-
V. Impatient men. It is a long, hard nounce doctors and medicines as of the evU
work and needs patience. T o u must pre- one ? C o m m o n sense in every-day life
pare the soil, sow the good seed, water it is a sine qua non in the Foreign Mission
with your tears, and then wait for the har- work.
vest. The Baptist Board of Missions got VII. Intractable men. Such m e n cannot
tired of waiting for the seed to germinate yield to a majority vote. They are not
in the Telugu soil of India, and were ready needed abroad. The work needs tractable,
to give up the work and withdraw. But a courteous men, wilUng to take advice, and
few patient, faithful workers refused to to work wiih others. O n e self-opinionated,
withdraw, and soon after, 10,000 were bap- arbitrary, willful m a n will bring disaster
tized in one year ! B e willing to sow and upon a Mission. Missions are self-govern-
let others reap. H o w many missionaries ing bodies, and the majority must decide
have lived and toiled and died without the every question. Intractable m e n make
sight of fruit! But others entered into trouble enough at home, yet in a Christian
their labors and gathered the harvest. A n land they soon find their level, under the
impatient m a n is easily discouraged. The tide of public opinion. But in a Uttie or-
Lord's patience is great. If H e can wait ganized self-governing body in a distant
for the harvest. His servants can. corner of the earth, such m e n work great
VI. M e n without c o m m o n sense. This mischief.
is a virtue the want of which nothing else Dr. Anderson, of the American Board,
will supply. BrUliant talent, great linguis- told m e in 1827, that a young m a n once
tic gifts, impetuous zeal, all, alas, will fail came to the Mission house in Boston as a
without mental balance. A m a n without candidate for the Poreign Missionfield.Dr.
level-headed c o m m o n sense will do more Anderson in-vited him to spend the night
mischief in a day than a whole Mission can -with him in Roxbury, and as they were
undo in a year. A person calling himself walking together, the young m a n suddenly
a missionary went from England to India. said, " I prefer to walk on the right side."
After some months he wrote to his h o m e Dr. Anderson said to him, " M a y I ask why
committee, " I should get on very well if it you walk on the right side ? Are you deaf
were not for these wretched natives w h o in one ear? " " No," said the young man,
come crowding in upon me, but n o w I have " but I prefer to walk on the right side
got a buU-dog and hope to keep them and I always will walk on the right side."
away!" Religious enthusiasm has led That young m a n was not sent abroad. It
some to go abroad, despising the means was evident that a m a n w h o was bent on
G o d has given us for preserving life and having his o w n way without giving rea-
health, and they have sacrificed their o w n sons, would be likely to make mischief, and
 Our Views of Mission Work.
hisrightside would be pretty sure to be
the wrong side.
VIII, Superficially prepared men. N o
one can predict what duties m a y devolve
on a foreign missionary; Bible translation,
organization of churches, the moulding of
a new native Christian social fabric, dealing
with subtle philosophies, preparing a
Christian literature, founding institutions
of learning and perhaps a whole educa-
tional system, guiding the ignorant, and
oftentimes deaUng with kings and rulers.
Surely such a m a n should be well
trained. If a physician, he should be thor-
oughly equipped, and not be satisfied with
any short, hasty course of preparation. H e
should be able not only to secure the
diploma of a medical college, but to pass
the test of examination by the N e w Tork
or Massachusetts State Board of Examin-
ers. The most complete, all-round theolog-
ical or medical training is the best prepara-
tion for the foreign missionary work. T o
this should be added experience in per-
sonal Christian work in the cities or the
country.
IX. M e n of unsettled religious views.
The Foreign Mission work needs m e n w h o
believe something, w h o are anchored to the
Rock, w h o believe in the Bible, and in
Christ as the only Saviour—not m e n w h o
regard the Bible as one of the sacred books,
and Christ as one of the Saviours. The
world wants something positive. It is
tired of feeding on ashes and wind. If you
do not know what you believe, stay at h o m e
untU you do. Preach the old, old story
-without modification or dilution. The
Gospel is what the nations need. Re-
demption through the blood of Christ is
the only revealed way of salvation. There
is not wisdom enough on earth or a m o n g
99
the angels of heaven, to de-vise a better
plan of salvation than that given us in the
Gospel of Jesus Christ.
X. M e n w h o are afraid of torrid cli-
mates and hard languages. There is
nothing in these to alarm a Christian
soldier. W h e n Stanley advertised for m e n
to go to Equatorial Africa, twelve hundred
m e n offered to go; fearing neither ser-
pents, savages, cannibals, malaria, starva-
tion, nor death itself. The British Govern-
ment has thousands of candidates applying
for posts in the East India service, though
it involves exposure to that trying climate,
and an expatriation of at least twenty years.
A n d shall w e do less for Christ and our fel-
low-men ?
A s to languages, if the native babies in
Asia and Africa can learn those hard gut-
tural languages, you can. Grace and grit
will triumph over the hardest language.
T o u will make mistakes, mortifying
shocking mistakes; but no matter, try
again. T o u will need the humility of a
little child and his good-natured perse-
verance in learning his mother tongue, but
any young m a n or w o m a n of good health,
and habits of mental discipline, can master
any Asiatic or African language, as others
have already done.
X I . M e n w h o hesitate to condescend to
the lowly, depraved and besotted. The
unevangelized nations are not all besotted
and repulsive in their habits, but there are
tribes of half-naked,filthyand imbruted
children of nature, from w h o m a civilized
m a n involuntarUy shrinks. Tet they are
m e n for w h o m Christ died. Can you go
and live a m o n g such m e n and w o m e n ? D o
you say, I a m not called to such a degrada-
tion, this is too great a sacrifice, too exact-
ing a condescension ? Think what Christ
100 Our Views of Mission Work.
has done for you. In the year 1854 the
Rev. Dr. W . GoodeU, of Constantinople,
said in a charge to a young missionary
just setting out for Western Africa, " W h e n
your whole nature revolts from contact
'with degraded and naked savages, and
you feel that you cannot bear to associate
with them, remember what a demand you
make every day, when you ask the pure and
sinless Spirit of the Eternal G o d to come,
not to sojourn but to abide in your -vile,
sinful heart!"
Think what Christ has done for you.
T o u need a heart full of love to m e n for
Christ's sake. If you love men, you will
see their nobility and the beauty of God's
image in them, in spite of the scars and
deformities of sin. A n d if you love them
they will see it and feel it, and will love
you in return. Love them and you will win
them, and they will love you, and then h o w
easy to lead them to Christ!
XII. Lastly, m e n who think of the mis-
sionary work as a temporary service, or a
convenient way of serving themselves.
Some m e n have entered the foreign mis-
sionary work in order to study foreign
languages andfitthemselves for a position
at home; or in order to travel in foreign
parts; or to engage in mere scientific ex-
ploration, or commercial pursuits. Such
m e n do not deserve the name of mission-
aries. The missionary work should be, if
possible, a Ufe-work. If you go abroad
expect to spend your life among the people
and to identify yourself with them. Let
nothing turn you aside from your work.
Missionaries are sometimes tempted to
leave their work by the allurements of lit-
erature, diplomacy or commerce. Their
familiarity with foreign languages, with the
treasures of Oriental literature, and with
the mineral resources of distant lands, ren-
der them peculiarly liable to temptation
from these sources of emolument. But
none of these things should move them.
If you go abroad, hold on to your work
until the Lord Himself separates you
from it.
If, then, the Christian studentfindsthat
he is of sound health; of proper age; will-
ing to go where G o d shall caU; hopeful;
patient; with good c o m m o n sense; tracta-
ble; thoroughly trained; of settied religious
-views; wUling to go to the most trying
cUmate and the most difficult language;
ready to love the humblest and the most
degraded; and to make his work a life ser-
vice, it is evident that he is called of God
to go. H e needs no voice or sign from
heaven. The call of lost m e n and the
c o m m a n d of H i m w h o came to seek and
save the lost, alike urge him to go.
Let such a Christian ask himself these
questions : H a s the religion of Christ
been a blessing to m e ? Is it adapted to
all m e n ? Does the unevangeUzed world
need the Gospel n o w as it did when Christ
gave His last c o m m a n d ? A m I a debtor
to myself alone ? D o I owe a duty only to
m y o w n family or m y o w n country ? Is the
voice of Christ still ringing with the com-
mand, " G o teach all nations ? " Ai-e the
heathen still crying, " C o m e and help us ? "
If I a m a Christian, should I not be like
Christ ? If I a m a soldier, should I not
obey marching orders ? If I a m a workman,
should I not m a k e the best use of m y life ?
If I a m a scholar, should I not make my
education most effective ? Where am I
most needed to-day ?
Can a fair-minded Christian young man
or w o m a n , then, fail to consider these ques-
tions honestly ? It is not honest to shut
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
our eyes and ears and disclaim all respon-
sibility. W e shall thus only postpone the
inevitable day of reckoning. B e honest to
yourself, honest to your Saviour, honest to
your perishing fellow-men!
It is wise to settle it while you are en-
gaged in your course of study. If you can
do it while in college or high school, so
much the better. If you have sufficient
reason to justify your remaining at home, it
wiU always be a blessing to you that you
considered the question of duty fairly,
fuUy and faithfully. T o u will be more
useful as a pastor at home, if you were
willing to go, and found yourself detained
at home by the constraints of the Di-vine
Providence.
But do not think that such a question
oan be decided without a struggle. T h e
thought of a life separation from h o m e
I T E M S O F M I S S I O N A R Y
ABROAD.
Latakia, Syeia.—About the middle of
March, the Lord's Supper was adminis-
tered in Gunaimia. There were thirty-
eight communicants. T w o n e w members
were received into the fellowship of the
Church, both young m e n from Armenian
famUies. T h e outlook in this part of the
Syrianfieldis m u c h more promising than
it was last year.
Suadia, Syeia.—In a letter recently re-
ceived from Miss Cunningham, she says :
" W e have m a n y evidences that our labor
is not in vain. T h e Sabbath services
are much better attended than formerly.
There are generally a good m a n y strangers
101
and friends and country, from father and
mother, brothers and sisters, will cost you
m a n y a pang. A n d the thought of what
tfiey will suffer will be more bitter than
any anxiety about yourself. T o u m a y
have had cherished ambitions, even in the
thought of the Christian ministry at home.
These must be set aside. A m I willing to
give up all for Christ ?
Where will you decide this question?
There is but one place—on your knees be-
fore your Saviour, in prayer, in holy, rapt
communion with Him. Let H i m into the
secret council chamber of your soul, set
H i m on the throne, ask His decision. His
counsel, His help. His command. Then
all will be right, and you need not fear to
go ahead in the strength of G o d to this
blessed and glorious service.
INTELLIGENCE.
present at the morning service. It was
proposed at our prayer-meeting that the
brethren should provide Psalm books and
Bibles for the use of strangers, and they all
very generousy responded. 128 piasters
were collected on the spot, and one of them
volunteered to seat the strangers and give
out the books. W e are very glad to see
them willing to contribute in this way.
The schools are m u c h larger than they
have ever been. T h e Moslem school that
was opened by the Government did not
prove a success, and almost all the boys
have returned to us again."
Dr. W . M . Moore, in a recent letter to
Mr. Walter T. MiUer, speaks of the hard
times. " Silk is only one-half the price it was
102 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

last year, and many depend on it for their and others beside, have a good supper of
living. To-day (March 22) is a day of prayer soup or something w a r m in the chapel
in the Greek Church for the sUk worms. every day at his expense. O n e of them
The people take the boxes c f eggs to the told Doctor yesterday that he had only
church, and for a small sum of money the earned ten cents in the lastfifteendays,
priests pray over them and bless them." and that he and others would starve if it
H e also refers to the feeling of uneasiness were not for this food. O n e of them, a
that prevails everywhere, especially among young chief, w h o is educated, had a place
the Armenians. While there has been no in the R. R., but a long illness from
bloodshed in Suadia, there has been more typhoid fever last year (in our house) lost
robbery than usual, some girls having him that. This -winter, after a long search
been stolen from that section of the coun- for work, he got a place in the Custom
try and sold to Moslems in Aleppo. " W e House. His brother, a bright young fel-
hope," he writes, " there will soon be a low, makes the soup in our big copper ket-
change, and it seems to us that any change tle in our yard. W e caU him "Master of
would be better for these people than the the Horse," as he takes care of Miss Ster-
present state of things. But w e must rett's, ours and the Mission's—in spite of
labor on and wait God's time." the fact Circassians are notorious horse
thieves—and never since w e had them
Meesine, Asia Minoe.—At the request of were they so taken care of, and kept so
Miss Martha Cannon, of Morning Sun, sleek and shining. I told you before how
Iowa, w e gladly publish the following ex- the Government forbade these Circassians
tract from a letter she recently received to work for the Doctor, and how little they
from Mrs. Metheny, of Tarsus Mission . regarded it. Well, on that Sabbath the
W e have had no disturbance lately. The Government arrested a lot of them and
Chief of Police, some three weeks ago, when clapped them in jaU. They got word to
some Moslem w o m e n went to call at the young chief, w h o came up to the Gov-
Bedros' (he lives in a room in our house), ernor in a towering rage. " W h a t are those
came dressed in citizen's clothes, and asked m e n in jaU for ? " " Because they went to
Bedros and Hanini their names and the prayers to the Americans." " Well, what
w o m e n theirs. One of the Moslem w o m e n if they did ? Is there any law against it ?"
threatened to slap him. It so happened " W h y , they will all become Christians."
that her husband is a policeman of the " A n d if they do ! Is there any law to pre-
French Consulate. She went home and vent that ? We'll all be Christians if we
complained to the Consul, and he went want to. T o u can't take us by force and
immediately to the Governor of the city make us pray in the mosque. W e will go
and called him to account. The Chief of where w e please. If w e want to go to
PoUce lost his office. A week ago last American prayers w e will go. They don't
Sabbath there was a still more interesting maJce us go in. If w e want to go in we
occurrence. Quite a number of Circas- can go; if w e want to stay out we can
sians, w h o have-very little work, live in'a stay. W e are not Turks, w e are not Fel-
room of which Doctor pays the rent. They, laheen ; w e are Circassians.'' H e went on
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 103
with some very strong Arabic oaths. " If "Testerday, Sabbath (March 31), w e
you don't release them I will go noio and held service in the forenoon, although there
send a telegram to Constantinople, and re- were but ourselves. W e set the church
port you." H e stalked off to carry out his wide open in the hope that some might
threat, when the Governor sent an officer enter. In case they did, it was agreed that
after him to say, " It's all right; they shall
Mallim Daoud was to speak in Greek.
be set free." The commander of the troops While I was speaking in English a number
joined his voice to that of the other and of hearers gathered outside. I do not
said, " N o one gives these m e n work but know whether they understood, but prob-
the Doctor; no one feeds them but him. ably some did.
Tou have no right to shut them up. W i U " W e enjoyed the service so m u c h that
you feed them ?'' The whole thing was in the afternoon w e held another. While
over in an hour. W e did not know of it I spoke in English many gathered outside,
tiU Monday, for Murad was here at his and, w h U e M . Daoud was speaking in
milking at the usual time. A s a matter of Arabic, a m a n entered—the teacher of the
fact, he was the only Circassian w h o had Greek school. I had an earnest conversa-
been at preaching at all that day, and he tion with him after service, in which I
did not understand the preaching for he urged him to use his influence for Christ
does not know Arabic. But the young m a n in his responsible position. H e thought
did not seefitto plead extenuating circum- it was useless to try to influence m e n to
stances ; he took the broad ground that it forsake their superstitions and live better
was their right to attend prayers where lives, as he had in former years tried it to
they chose. They have gained their point, no purpose. I inquired if he was a con-
too, and they have worked here whenever scientious student of the Bible. H e said
there was anything for them to do. he had read it considerably, and liked to
read it from time to time. I asked if he
Cypeus.—The attention of our readers is had read everything in the Bible, and he
called to the following letter from Rev. R. said he had not, but only passages here
J. Dodds, of Mersine, who, on March 20th, and there. I then asked him what he
went with his family to Cyprus, intending would think of a son whose father, in a
to remain there for a time. His original distant land, having written him a letter
plan was to stay for a few days in Larnaca, would read it in that manner. H e acknowl-
and then, in company with our licentiate, edged tbat it was not the right way to treat
visit other towns and the villages around our Heavenly Father's letter. H e called
them, preaching as they should have oppor- again this evening.
tunity. " W e are waiting on the Lord," " W e observed Friday as a day of con-
he wrote, " for light and guidance. W e fession of sin, and prayer for divine direc-
are praying that an entrance m a y be given tion in undertaking the work here.
us among these people, and if not to us, at " I caUed in the evening to see Mr.
least to His Gospel." Watkins, w h o was very ill. I was not ad-
But here is what he has to say ten days mitted, but I felt I had done no more than
or so after reaching the island : m y duty in calling. During the night he
104 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
died. Saturday evening I attended his
funeral. Tbe Commissioner of Larnacai
Mr. Cobham, read the burial service.
" Our licentiate and I went on horseback
to-day to a village less than two hours, at
the rate w e ride, from Larnaca. H e had
been there twice before. W e were not
only kindly but cordially received. The
translation ot the name of the -village is
Beautiful District. It is large and very
poor. About two-thirds of its population
are Mohammedans, the remainder Greek
orthodox. The village is full of bees, and
there is no lack of honey. The hives are
peculiar, constructed of crockery, and gen-
erally inserted into the walls of the houses
— w h y , I know not. T w o or three sections
of crockery, like pieces of stovepipe, but
considerably larger in diameter, pass
through the wall. The end inside the
house is closed with a lid of white material
like plaster paris, so also is the exterior
end, except that it has a door about the
size of a walnut, through which the bees
enter to store away their honey.
W e made friends with both classes of
the population. The M o h a m m e d a n s opened
up their coffee house, which was closed,
for our entertainment, and one of them
provided dinner for us. M . Daoud had
m u c h profitable conversation with them in
Turkish, which I was able to follow pretty
well.
" W e went then to call upon the Greek
priest, a very simple but polite man. H e
could read and had a number of books,
among them a N e w Testament and part of
the Old Testament—the five books of
Moses. H e said he never attempted to
preach, as he did not know what to tell the
people. Daoud instructed him as to h o w
he should begin and what subjects he
should discuss. I took rooms and arranged
to go with m y family to spend a week with
them.
" T h e Lord gave us great joy and ap-
parent success in our work to-day; and
though I was not well, I would not ex-
change this day for many a one when I
have had better health."
In a previous letter, not intended for
publication, Mr. Dodds refers to the prop-
erty of the late M r . Watkins, which is
situated across the street from our little
chapel. A few months ago the owner
wrote us offering to dispose of this con-
venient and valuable place for £500, or
about $2,500 in American currency, as he
wished to leave the island. But Mr. Dodds
tells us that the house, which is now
vacant, and the garden, with all its im-
provements, windmill, p u m p and every-
thing, can be had for £350, or $1,750—
a nominal price. A n d he adds: " I wish
there was a missionary here to buy it.''
Perhaps there is some one in the Coven-
anter Church w h o would like to purchase
this property and present it to the Mission.
The Heeald of Mission News has still in
trust for buUding purposes on the island,
a few hundred dollars. W h o is wUling to
give $1,500? N o w , don't aU speak at
once, as nothing so embarrasses us as to
have to refuse large offers of money for
missionary work. It is hoped that before
many months have passed away, the formal
appointment of another missionary, or the
rearranging of the working force at present
in the foreignfield,will put an ordained
minister in this important and promising
station.
Egypt.— The work of the American
United Presbyterian Church began in Cairo
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
in November, 1854. B y the blessing of
God there are to-day members of the Evan-
gelical Church all along the Nile Valley, at
Kossair, on the R e d Sea, and even in the
miUtary station at W a d y Haifa.
Missionaries are n o w located at nine cen-
tral points, -viz.: Alexandria, Tanta, M a n -
som'a, Zagazig, Benha and Cairo in the
Delta, and Beni-Soueff, Assioot, and Luxor
in the Nile Valley proper. But the number
of stations n o w occupied, including those
where missionaries are located, is 160.
There are 33 organized congregations,
with a membership of adult communicants
of over 4,100, and an average Sabbath
morning attendance of 8,500. The Sab-
bath-schools have 6,100 pupils, and the
Hareem workers teach the Gospel to nearly
3,000 women. T h e 121 day and boarding-
schools, in which the Bible is taught in
some form to nearly every pupil daily, had
an attendance of over 7,600 pupils. Alto-
gether there are reached by the Evangel-
istic, Sabbath-school, Hareem workers and
educational, about 13,000 people.
This is beside what has been done along
similar lines by the physiciau, and the 30
shopmen and colporteurs. It is God's
Word that gives light, and it is light that
breaks down the empire of darkness and
buUds up the kingdom of Christ. The
book stores and colporteurs have distrib-
uted in the last year more than 14,000
copies of Scripture and 6,000 copies of re-
ligious books; nor have w e estimated for
the influence of the Arabic religious paper
that is a weekly visitor in m a n y a h o m e
throughout the land. Nor can w e estimate
the influence of the earnest Christian phy-
sician who has treated more than 13,500
patients, and told them of the Great Phy-
sician ; and w h o has visited more than 600
105
homes, urging the need to be healed from
all sin by this same Physician. But the
Lord accepted these efforts, and crowned
them with His blessing. More than 350
were added to the communion last year, on
profession of their faith.
The earnestness of the people, w h o are
generaUy poor, is proven by their contribu-
tions, which last year amounted to £2,606
for Church purposes alone. A n d the total
amount paid by the Native Evangelical
Church, and credited toflveof the different
forms of our Mission agencies, is £6,066.—
Star of the East.
New Hebeides.—We clip the following
items from Quarterly Jottings :
" The children," says Rev. Fred Paton,
writing from Pangkuma, " are our great
hope for the future. The older people
cling to their heathenism, and yet they are
afraid to do many things openly n o w which
they gloried in doing in the old heathen
days. Spite of occasional acts of cruelty,
the work of Jesus and His love are surely
obtaining a hold among us. There are
many m e n more earnest. One by one they
break caste, and I believe the hearts of the
young boys are really being given to Jesus.
At our Wednesday afternoon prayer-meet-
ing w e had ninety-one present. Attend-
ances at services and schools have doubled.
Our longing prayers for a spiritual awak-
ening are, w e trust, beginning to be an-
swered. The Spirit of G o d has been moving
with power. With the blessing comes the
active opposition of the heathen.
" The dust from the A m b r i m volcano did
m u c h damage. The sun was obscured for
days, and no one could look up. As I write
the table rattles and shakes with earth-
quakes !
106 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
" A lunatic, after one school meeting, be-
came violent and 'ran a-muck.' H e rushed
for the missionary, w h o caught him, and
with the aid offiveteachers held him down.
H e was raving for two days, but recov-
ered after that. H e was sent down insane
from Queensland. T o have a m a d m a n
loose adds to the danger of Mission life! "
The work of Rev. P. Milne on Nguna
has been most successful. Mr. Milne has
sent out several native couples to help the
other missionaries. The natives have of
their own accord started Sabbath money
coUections. In addition, their contribution
annually of arrowroot is very large.
Rev. W . Gray leaves Tanna after twelve
years' work. H e has been a faithful worker
in a hard field. The Rev. W . Watt has
visited the northern islands, and returns to
his work with renewed vigor.
A memorial window, commemorative of
the late Mrs. Watt, wife of the missionary,
is to be placed in the church at Tanna. A
marble tablet is to be placed under the
window, containing the following inscrip-
tion : " In memory of Agues Craig Pater-
son (wife of Rev. William Watt), for twenty-
five years a missionary on Tanna, N e w
Hebrides. Born in Scotland, September
27, 1846. Died at Port Resolution, Tanna,
AprU 26, 1894. 'Many daughters have
done well, but thou excellest them all.'
(Prov. xxxi., 29)."
The new church on Aniwa has been
built; and the people are showing m u c h
zeal in Divine things.
The Rev. H. A. Robertson has made a
tour of the island of Erromanga. The
natives are n o w all nominally Christian.
M a n y bright teachers have been sent to
other islands.
China.—Everybody has been reading the
story of the Japanese attacks on Wei-hai-
wei. A work of a different sort has been
for some time proceeding in this place—of
more account in thefinalestimates of events
than the encounters of navies and armies—
a little work for Christ. The evangelist,
Cheo-Jong-Kiai, became a teacher some-
what after the ancient fashion of making a
m a n a dominie w h o was fit for nothing
else. H e had gambled away his business
and his means, and accepted an appoint-
ment as a schoolmaster in Ning-hai. There
a Christian Chinaman told him about Jesus.
H e wanted no foreign religion, he said.
" But Jesus can save you from your sins."
H e thought a Saviour from sin might have
something to offer him, and he took a New
Testament home, and read it far into the
night. It brought him to Christ, and since
his conversion he has been trying to lead
others to the Lord. H e is n o w at Wei-hai-
wei, keeping a food shop, and evangelizing;
some soldiers have been his trophies there.
M a y it be, as some are hopefully predicting,
that a humbled China wiU be more open to
receive the salvation of Jesus Christ.—
Monthly Messenger.
Afeioa.—M. M. Jalla writes, in Septem-
ber, from Kazungula: " W h a t joy and en-
couragement G o d has given us since my
last letter! Since August 5th w e have seen
fresh believers declaring themselves openly
for the Lord every Sabbath, and confessing
then sins. All our young girls have taken
the decisive step, and all our boys, except
one ; besides this, six of our workmen, then
two women, andfinallytwo m e n from the
village have declared themselves, and the
blessed influence of the Holy Spirit is felt
everywhere. Our M o n d a y evening meet-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 107

ings, which were begun in April last with a sponded very liberally, and w e trust this is
few young people, are quite transformed. the evidence of sincere prayers that are
To-day thirty converts meet in the chapel, going up to the throne. Under the guid-
and, after some words of exhortation, w e ance of the Ladies' Missionary Society the
try to make them express their thoughts kindergarten and family visitation among
freely. W e question them on difficult pas- the Jews has been kept up.
sages ; w e ask after their experience. H o w J. C. Smith.
interesting it is to be present at the awak-
ening of a soul, and to see it making Selma, Ala.—Quickly have the weeks
progress from week to week! There is no sped away and brought again the time for
doubt about the seriousness of the work, our monthly report. T h e enrollment has
especially among the workmen, and a m o n g been considerably lessened this month by
some of the girls and boys. Their zeal to sickness, though some of these have re-
bring in others surprises and delights us. turned, but also at this season m a n y of
All feel that they have taken a decisive the older ones must leave to work in the
step, and broken with sin, which had seized field. According to the business system
even the youngest of them, and they bless here, the one w h o "advances" a farmer
God for having m a d e Himself k n o w n to furnishes " rations " for only those actually
them. They will have m a n y trials and at work; consequently a child in school
temptations to endure; m a y G o d grant would get no " feed," as board is desig-
that they may abide faithful!" A still later nated in the parlance of this section. T h e
letter reports that the movement is spread- hot spells to which this latitude is so sub-
ing to the other Mission stations on the ject have a depressing effect on both teach-
Zambesi, and that the chapel at Kazungula, er and student, yet w e pursue the even
which wUl hold 300 people, wUl soon be tenor of our way as best w e can. Already
too small for the increasing congregations. w e are looking forward to the end of the
—Journal des Missions Evangeliques. term, which is only six weeks distant, with
pleasant anticipations of going home, and
AT HOME. are busy with preparations for commence-
Cincinnati Hebeew Mission.—Mr. Meyer ment. The several grades have exercises
has returned from the seminary and has on different evenings. Three evenings will
entered with zeal upon his work. T h e be occupied bythe six grades. The Principal
training of the seminary has been very and Preceptress are spending some of their
helpful to him. O n last evening w e elected originality and ability in preparing some
Miss Mary Patterson, of Old Bethel Con- stage performances. Miss Dodds gives a
gregation, as kindergarten teacher and good deal of time to music drill, and w e
missionary. She is recommended as well all find ourselves taxed with extra work.
qualified for her work. M a y G o d use these All pupils are glad and anxious to take
servants of Christ in fulfiUment of His part in the performances. The honor of
promises to His ancient covenant people. appearing before the public on this aus-
W e hope soon to be able to take further picious occasion pleases a child more than
steps of progress. T h e Ohurch has re- the receipt of a bright n e w ribbon. The
108 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

fond parents are much elated, too, and are we enter upon the New Tear of our work
too liable to judge the year's work by this with the help and encouragement of our
one appearance. W e do not forget the active and earnest president, our new
Mission side of our work, though, for with pastor's wife, m a y w e all consecrate our
things of lighter vein w e mingle Scrip- activities anew, be more 'willing to serve
ture recitations; thns, while teaching them earnestly and dUigently the Master, real-
to sing " Our Country'' with zest, w e also izing that reports and opportunities pass
teach to seek a "better country, an heav- away, accountability does not.
enly." A m o n g the many duties of a Mis- Julia Landfeab,
sion teacher is the one of occasionally or Secretary.
frequently attending church socials or
"mites," where you pay "two bits" for a fobeign missions.
lunch you don't need; but of course the T o Cyprus Mission $408 77
object is commendable, so w e cheerfully Foreign Mission 29 95
attend. W e are n o w looking forward to Discretion F u n d 30 00
communion, which will be observed on the Adana BuUding 13 65
first Sabbath of May, when w e hope some ^iss Edgar 23 25
of our pupils may unite with us in cele- home missions.
brating the love of a risen Redeemer, of Indian . 20 00
w h o m to teach is our errand among them. Southern 10 35
dictated. Domestic 21 50
Kansas City Church 10 00
Long Beanch, KANSAS,_The L. M . S. of Jewish Mission, PhUadelphia 14 00
Long Branch Oongregation reports as fol-
^°y= , Total $58147
As w e have not reported to our friends _^Qi^g Maetk,
outside of our society since September, Treamrer.
1890, w e wUl submit a brief summary of
our work in that time. Almonte, Canada. — Sis years ago.
W e have held ten regular annual and prompted by a caU made upon the ladies
several called meetings. Our roU numbers of the Reformed Presbyterian Church for
twenty. Our funds are raised by annual united effort on behalf of Missions, the
subscriptions, monthly dues and donations, ladies of the Almonte Congregation,
W e have had two lectures and sent two Canada, held a meeting which resulted in
boxes of clothing, one to the foreigu and the organization of a Ladies' Missionary
one to PhUadelphia Jewish Miesion. Our Society offifteenactive members.
efforts are more especiaUy directed towards Since that time w e have had a decrease
the support of a native teacher at Larnaca, offive,and n o w our members only number
Cyprus. Tet w e have contributed our ten active and five honorary.
dues and donations to other Missions. During the past year w e have held twelve
The treasurer's report wUl show the regular meetings, with an average attend-
state of the finances of the society. As ance of seven. Though few in number,
 Monographs. 109

yet we find that united efforts give un- Heeald of Mission News $ 0 50
expected results. Postage, letters 0 40
Treasurer's report from February, 1894, " papers 0 32
to February, 1895 : Suadea Mission 10 00
EECEIPTS. Cincinnati Mission 5 00
Balance from '93 $ 6 42 Foreign Mission 5 00
Monthly fees 12 00 Heeald of Mission News 0 50
Contributing members 4 40
Donations 6 90 Total $26 72
Balance in treasury 3 00
Total , $29 72 Maey E. Bowes,
DISBUESEMBNTS.
Secretary.
Topeka Mission. 5 00

O N O G R A P H S .

" W E H A V E JUST B E E N CURSING noon, and I invited them to go along.

T O U R WIPE." They went, and joined in our prayer for
the outpouring of the Spirit. Prayers
Among the things that havefiUedour
were offered in Arabic, in English and in
hearts with encouragement are the prayer-
Turkish. The next day the meeting was
meetings among our brethren here. Just
better attended by our native brothers and
after our fall communion there was a sug-
sisters. They had come to understand
gestion made to m e by our Bible reader
better that we were coming together to
that we meet in the houses of the dif-
pray, not to hold the formal prayer-meet-
ferent members for special prayer. Af-
ing such as the two which are held each
ter consultation it was agreed to meet
week in the chapel. As this idea took
each afternoon at four o'clock in some
hold of them, when they began to reaUze
one's house for prayer. At the appomted
that each one who felt prompted to present
hour, as many of the members and mis-
his or her petition was accorded the priv-
sionaries who felt so inclined or could do
ilege, each one present, men and women,
so assembled at the place of the first
offered prayer. W e had a most blessed
meeting. A goodly company of behevers
prayer hour together—at least the mis-
were present. The object of our meeting
sionaries present thought so. But you
was stated, a Psalm was sung, a verse or
may be sure that the Adversary had heard
two of Scripture was read, and then each
ominous sounds. The next day, before
one in turn engaged in a brief prayer, the
the prayer hour, two brethren met a third
company standing during the consecutive
on the road and accosted No. 3 on this
prayers.
wise:
Thatfirstmeeting was a memorable
" W e have just been cursing your wife."
gathering. There were some Turkish-
" Indeed ! And why, may I ask ?"
speaking believers calling on us that after-
no Monographs.
" Does Paul not c o m m a n d the w o m e n to
keep silent in the church ? W h y does your
wife and others take it upon themselves to
pray in the church before m e n ?"
(Parenthesis : O n e of these censors had
not attended any of our meetings, and was
really quite a distress to us because of his
careless life; the other one is characterized
by long prayers, long speeches and prosi-
ness, without spiritual vivacity. Curious,
is it not ?)
The dear sister so severely criticised is a
most intelligent native w o m a n , a mother of
a flock of little folks of unusual brightness
here-—a w o m a n whose face indicates a
more prayerful soul than either of her
critics. Each sister's prayer was precious
in its brevity and point. S o m e male
prayers were not.
The brother w h o had thus failed (?) to
rule his wife well was scarcely able to
reason the case, and for peace's sake told
his wife that it would probably be as well
not to offend (?) these brethren again.
The meeting that day was in the house
of these offending parties. I was surprised
that the w o m a n of tbe house, whose earn-
est prayer was so helpful to some of us
w h o heard it the day before, remained si-
lent. W e felt that something was wrong.
There was a peculiar, constrained feeling
taking hold of some of us. W h a t is it?
W h y this perceptible absence of the Holy
Spirit? The man's face looked troubled,
the wife downcast.
A s w e returned homeward tbe secret
came out. After consultation w e caUed
the interested parties together and for
most of the following afternoon I reasoned
with the critics and with the criticised out
of the Scriptures, that at least in a volun-
tary meeting for prayer, where a few had a
desire to meet and pray together, there
was everything in the W o r d in favor of
sexless prayers and nothing against it.
Brothers and sisters, if you want to see
a land in which w o m a n has her " allotted
sphere f come to Syria. If you wish to see
the effect of excluding woman's voice and
woman's work from the Church of Christ,
come to the dead churches of the East. If
you wish to see the ripened fruit of carry-
ing out Pauline (?)—perish the perversion
—instructions in regard to woman's sub-
jection, come to this land of Islam's curse
—this land destitute of asylums, destitute
of orphanages, destitute of hospitals—a
land of misery intolerable and of woe un-
utterable. H a d our sister a right before
G o d to voice her prayer for this bUghted
land ? Listen: But a few hours after the
birth of this w o m a n w h o dared to pray be-
fore her brethren in the chmxh, her father
entered the hut that was her childhood's
mountain, heathen home, and -with ox-goad
in his hand drove her mother out of the
house and compelled her to help his don-
key drag the plow to stir the rock-strewn
soil ofthe mountain side. W a s it wrong
for m e to maintain a woman's right to
pray with her brethren in Christ ?
After this afternoon of plain talking and
of searching the Scriptures, there has been
no more dissension a m o n g us. Our wives
have prayed with us and we with them.
W e have felt the Spirit's presence and
blessing.
The meetings continued until each house
of the brethren had been visited. Then
came the W e e k of Prayer, which was ob-
served in the chapel. Since then w e have
met every Tuesday evening at four o'clock
in some believer's home. These meetings
are only for believers and such as choose
 Monographs. Ill

to join. The other two prayer-meetings they have put at the head of that work,
each week have improved since the special and I will not help support him." I have
meetings have been held. O n e noticeable sometimes been a passenger on a train
change for the better in our eyes is that whose conductor I did not like; but the
any brother w h o n o w engages in prayer company did not carry m e free because I
removes his hat or tarboosfi. Formerly did not like the conductor. Another ex-
the m e n prayed with covered heads. Qur cuse made is that the Church is moving
new brother from the Greek Church has too fast—is undertaking too m u c h — a n d
learned to pray in these fellowship meet- therefore the cause is not sustained. Could
ings. Praise the Lord with us for this any Mission or reform work of the Church
new voice in prayer. Sometimes his words survive a year, if church members would
fail, and he simply says, "Amen." But act upon this principle? Some will say,
God's ear is open to the feeblest cry. " the Church at large sustains this cause,
Blessed be our Intercessor ! Pray for this and I will devote m y gifts to something
Christian Endeavor Society—not enrolled else." Is not that doing the very thing for
by the "United Society," but w e believe which, by implication, you blame others?
that it is enrolled on High. S o m e claim that " the Church's appropria-
J. Boggs Dodds. tion is not wisely expended, and therefore
Suadia, Syria. they wUl not pay." If Synod acts in the
n a m e of the Head of the Ohurch, might it
OUR WORK. not be as well for us to meet our part of
It is probably true that in all of our con- the appropriation, and leave it with the
gregations there are some w h o devote Lord to expend the money as H e shall
almost all that they pay to the schemes of see fit?
the Church, to one or two of the causes "But," it is urged, " w e are a very small
represented in the appropriations made by body, and we are alone in witnessing, in a
Synod. practical way, for the royal claims of Jesus
One will devote almost all that he pays Christ. Therefore w e ought to devote our
to Poreign Missions; another favors the entire force to evangelizing the nations.''
Southern Mission. Here is one w h o has It is not possible for us to ask the proper
nothing for any Mission except the Indian, solution of this problem in a better place
while another is aU alive for the Chinese, than in the history of the early Christian
and lets the rest care for themselves. Church. The one thing that characterized
There are those w h o think w e ought to the labors of apostles and evangelists was
leave all this work to the other churches the preaching of the whole truth. F r o m
and center all our forces on National Re- the beginning the Church of our Lord
form. Here and there w e m a y find a brother Jesus Christ was a Missionai-y Church.
who thinks that the only thing for us to The work was evangelistic, and operated
do is to push Political Dissent. upon the individuals. Witness the work
It is interesting to listen to the various done on the D a y of Pentecost. It was
reasons on which m e n will base their ac- also marked by H o m e Mission efforts. T h e
tion. O n e says, " I don't like the m a n laborers went from town to town, after the
112 Monographs.
example and command of the Master. It
soon took on the character of H o m e and
Foreign Mission work. The Church never
seemed to reach out too far in those days.
They did not feel as if that were pos-
sible. It was not possible. Those
m e n read their commission, and in-
terpreted it on the broadest and most
liberal meaning of the words: " G o ye into
all the world, and preach the Gospel to
every creature.'' They understood the
command in the most literal sense. A n d
this is the command under which we go
out upon our work. " All the world." W e ,
as a Church, are responsible for the evan-
gelizing of so much of this world as it is
possible for us to reach. I say possible—
w e have never reached that point. W e are
scarcely in sight of it. W e are abundantly
able to support all the Missions already
established, double the forces in most of
thefields,and open new Missions in China
and Africa. It is worthy of note that om-
work for the reformation of our own nation
has advanced in exact ratio with the prog-
ress of our Mission work. As the latter
has grown, the other has advanced. Every
new Mission work that has been opened
has added strength to the other work of
the Church. Besides, nations that are
under the cloud of heathenism need the
Gospel as weU as our nation. N o land that
is without the Gospel will be redeemed
without the entire Gospel. Individuals
m a y be saved, but we wish to save nations.
" Heathen lands and kingly thrones must
bow before Him."
And how shall w e accomplish our Mis-
sion ? Look out upon thefields,white to
the harvest. Pray the Lord of the harvest
that H e wUl send forth laborers into the
harvest. Then, in the very midst of our
prayers, let us reach down into the gold
and silver, which are His, and make a high-
way for the King.
Cannot w e get away from our pet
schemes, and especially from our pet men,
or m e n who are not pets ? Cannot we rise
to a higher plane, and reach that state of
absolute trust in G o d that the Church had
when they had all one purse ? I am
not advocating ecclesiastical communism,
though that might not be as bad as eccle-
siastical avariciousness. M a y w e not hope
that the day is coming when the weekly
worship -will .be crowned with the weekly
offering ; and that the work of the Deacon
will be made joyful by the fact that he can
draw from a full treasury—from the same
fund, a check for the whole of his congre-
gation's obligation to each department of
the Church's work? Let us have no pet
schemes; but let the very stones and
dust of Zion be dear to us.
Linton, Iowa. (Rev.) T. P. Robb.
CHRISTIANITT v. CONFUCIANISM.
Mr. Tang Pan - king was converted
through the reading of some of Dr. John's
tracts, and desired an interview with this
missionary. At the interview the follow-
ing dialogue took place: "^. Have you
been reading our books ? A . Tes, I have
read quite a number of them. Q. What
do you think of then- teaching respecting
God, as compared with the teachings of the
Sung dynasty philosophers ? A . The differ-
ence is great. The philosophers of the
Sung dynasty spoke of G o d as law. Tou
speak of G o d as Being, spiritual and per-
sonal. Q. Which is right ? A . Tou, of
course. There can be no law without a
lawgiver. W h a t they call law is nothing
but the order of the universe—the thought
 Monographs. 113

of God as manifested in nature. But where The many valleys eastward, now possessed
a thought is, there a thinker must be. by Koords, were once Christian, as attested
Q. Will you please tell m e what you think by the ruins of churches in many places.
of Jesus as compared with Confucius? The process of stamping out the Christians
A. The difference is immense. Confucius has been going on before our eyes in the
was a man; Jesus is God. Q. What about last thirty years, especially in the districts
them as teachers? A. The difference is of Z'aboor and Shemisdeen."
great. Confucius had no method of salva-
tion. H e taught men certain principles, HOW MILLIONS DIE.
and exhorted men, but he had no way of A few months ago the old King of Eboe
saving men from sin. Q. Will you tell m e died, and as is customary, traders from
what you conceive .Jesus' method to be ? New Calabar went up to pay their respects
A. In Christianity there are two doctrines to the new monarch. On their arrival the
of which Confucius knows nothing: the traders found the "Ju Ju" rites, per-
doctrine of the Atonement andthe doctrine formed on the death of the native king,
of Regeneration. Jesus saves by atoning still in progress, and about forty victims
for the sins of men, and by changing the had been sacrificed. The old king was
hearts of men."—Missionary Herald. still lying in an open grave large enough
to accommpdate nine of the departed
TURKISH OPPRESSION OF NES- ruler's youngest wives, who had been
TORIANS. murdered in the most cruel manner. Each
The Rev. Dr. John H. Shedd, of Oroo- of them had her ankles and wrists broken
mioh, Persia, writes to the N e w Tork In- so that she could neither walk nor crawl.
dependent concerning the terrible misrule In this maimed condition, and suffering
and oppression of the Turks in districts the most excruciating pain, the poor creat-
occupied by Nestorian Christians. " T w o ures were placed at the bottom of the
of our missionaries," he says, " have re- grave, seven of them lying side by side.
turned from a three weeks' tour in the The king's body was then placed on them
border districts under Turkish rule. The in a transverse direction.
sad story of misery and oppression and Then the two remaining women were
privation they tell compels us to report placed by his side. They were left with-
that the Nestorian Christians are being out food or water to wait for death, which,
stamped out of their ancestral homes. it is said, did not come till after four or
The people are tenacious, and cling to the five days of intense suffering. In the mean-
fields and graveyards and stone churchestime four men were stationed around the
of their fathers; but viUage after village is grave, armed with clubs, ready to knock
being uprooted by the cruel taxation and backward any of the women who, despite
misrule of the Turk and the repeating rifle their torture and their pain, might manage
in the hands of the Koord. In the past to crawl to the side of the pit. In other
the wild mountain eastward from the parts of the town other human sacrifices
plains of Assyria was Christianized and were taking place. Suspended from vari-
held in the Christian name for many ages. ous trees were the bodies of several men.
114 Monographs.
They, too, were undergoing agonizing
deaths, holes having, in most oases, been
bored through their feet near their ankles.
Through these holes ropes were drawn,
and the m e n were tied to a high tree, head
downward, and left to die. A n d one is
tempted to ask, " W h o is responsible for
these terrible murders, if not Christians,
w h o have failed to teach them better ? " —
Presbyterian Review.
THE SOUL-WIN NER.
On passing the churoh in Glasgow that
was built for Dr. A. Bonar, aud where he
was for many years the minister, m y atten-
tion was drawn to three Hebrew words
carved in the stone above the central door
of the building. As I had never seen Hebrew
writing above a church door before, save
on a Jewish synagogue, I stood and tried to
make out its meaning. The words, trans-
lated into English, are " H e that is wise
winneth souls." These words seemed to
m e to give importance to the value of the
mainspring that lies coiled up within all
the complicated machinery of the Ohurch
— t h e realized value of the h u m a n soul. I
was so struck with tbe words that I went
h o m e and examined the whole verse
(Prov. xi. 30) from whicii they had been
taken. " The fruit of righteousness is
as a tree of life, and he that is wise win-
neth souls."
The fruit of the righteous is here not
the good which his conduct brings to him,
as when it is said in Isaiah iii. 10, " Say ye
to therighteous,it shall be well with him,"
but his activity itself proceeding from an
inward impulse. This fruit is a tree of life.
The meaning of tbe proverb is that the
fruit of tbe righteous—-;, e., bis external
infiuence, is a tree of life for others, since
his words and actions exert a quickening,
refreshing influence upon them. B y this
means righteousness and wisdom come to-
gether, because a winner of souls gains
them not only for himself, but also for the
service of wisdom and righteousness. And
to win souls seems to be the chief fruit
which the trees of righteousness bear in
time. It is sweet and precious. It is
pleasing to God, and jDrofitable to men. It
is an everlasting memorial. In monu-
ments of marble w e commemorate for a
few years the deeds of the great; but a
soul w o n through our means will itself be
a m o n u m e n t of the fact forever.
A n d the reason w h y Dr. Bonar is held in
such loving remembrance by so many
grateful hearts is that he was so eminently
honored by G o d in winning souls to Christ.
In his biography w e are told that it was
the idea of the value of the soul that led
him atfirstto become a minister, and there
is evidence that every sermon he preached
was more or less consciously shaped by its
presence, as the whole round world, and
every atom in it, are shaped and held
in shape by the same laws. Indeed, with-
out this power, preaching is almost sure to
become either a struggle of ambition or a
burden of routine; but with it, preaching
is an ever-fresh delight. T h e power is the
value of tbe h u m a n soul, felt by the
preacher, and inspiring all his work.—Rev.
Jofm R . Bruce.
WHi^T THE GOSPEL CAN DO.
The following most interesting story
vividly illustrates the wonderful change
brought about by the Gospel in the char-
acter of the N e w Hebridean natives, who
in tbeir savage condition are inveterate
thieves :
 Monographs.
"Not long since a native convert of
Tongoa—an island in the center of the
group, which has, under the devoted la-
bors of Rev. Oscar Michelson, become a
Christian land—on a journey towards the
coast, noticed something shining in the
pathway, and, on approaching, found that
it was a threepenny piece. H e at once
started for the missionary's house and
made known hisfind,assuring the ' Missi'
that the money did not belong to him, and
asking what he should do with it. H e de-
scribed with minute detail the spot where
it was discovered, which happened to be a
principal pathway along which most na-
tives traveled. A tree stood near the spot,
and the missionary suggested that the na-
tive on his return should cut a notch in
this tree about level with a man's eyes and
in a conspicuous position, and thenfixthe
coin in the center, so that any one passing
might not fail to notice it. T h e m a n care-
fully followed this advice. Natives walk
leisurely as a rule, and the spot was con-
stantiy passed, so that almost all, used as
they are to notice everything, would be
likely to go u p and look at the coin. But
not a hand was raised io remove it. T h e
owner had not c o m e ! B y and by, three
months after the loss, the owner came past
the spot, and, seeing the white notch, went
up, as others had done, to discover its
meaning, when lo, here was his threepenny
piece. But neither did he remove it. S o m e
one else m a y have lost a threepenny piece,
thought he, so he went off to their unfail-
ing friend, the missionary, with an inquir-
ing face. 'Well, what is it?' 'Missi, I
came down to tell you that about three
moons ago I lost a threepenny piece, and
to-day as I passed along I saw one put in.
the notch of the tree, and I wonder if it
115
m a y be mine which some one has found
and put there for m e to see.' The mis-
sionary inquired whereabouts he supposed
he had lost his money, and the m a n de-
scribed the position, which tallied exactly
with the spot near which the coin was
found. H e was told to go and take the
money, which must certainly be his, since
no other claimant had come forward and
no complaint of loss but his had been
made."—Quarterly Jottings.
A REMARKABLE TRANSFORMATION.
The Rev. Dr. W. Wyatt GiU sends from
Sydney to an English paper an account of
a visit lately made to Savage Island by a
passenger in the trading steamer " H a u -
roto,'' from N e w Zealand. The transform-
ing power of Christianity was never wit-
nessed in a more remarkable way than in
the reclaiming and civilizing of the island-
ers. In the first visit of Captain Cook
they were thought to be utterly degraded
beyond possibility of amendment. Not
only were the natives a terror to strangers,
but each tribe or viUage considered all
others deadly enemies, and a constant
watch, especially at night, had to be kept
to avoid a surprise. T h e missionaries have
labored so successfully that now, by the
grace of God, the island is nominally
Christian, and a larger proportion are
members of churches and true believers
than in any nation of Christendom. The
islanders subscribed liberally some time
since toward the building of a Mission
vessel at Sydney—the " Nine "—for service
in N e w Guinea, and they are probably the
most enthusiastic Christianized Polyne-
sians the London Missionary Society's ship
" J o h n Williams" visits in the course of
her cruise.
116 Monographs.
Notwithstanding the great disadvan-
tages under which the islanders are placed,
they contributed last year $3,499 to the
support of religion. The island has no
well-estabUshed government. It is inde-
pendent, no foreign power having consid-
ered it worth looking after. The entire
exports from the island amount to only
$25,000 annually. Of that sum copra
yields about $14,000, and the remainder is
from the sale of fungus, arrowroot, hats
and mats. The native population is 4,500,
all Christianized, and divided among eleven
villages, in each of which is a school, and
in nine, afine,large stone church as well
as a school.
THE EMPRESS' BIRTHDAT GIFT.
An interesting incident of the past year
in China was the presentation to the em-
press dowager on her birthday of an ele-
gant copy of the N e w Testament, printed
especially for the purpose at the Presby-
terian Mission Press in Shantung, T h e
gift was from the w o m e n of the Christian
Church in China. A subscription fund
for this purpose, amounting to over a
thousand dollars, had been collected, al-
most exclusively from the Christian w o m e n
of the empire.
The book is described as presenting a
most attractive appearance, with its large
type, wide margins, gUt border and edges,
printed upon foreign paper, and beautifuUy
bound in silver boards, embossed 'ndth
bamboo and birds. O n the left hand
upper corner of the front cover are four
large gold characters in the Chinese lan-
guage, which m a y be translated, " T h e
Book of the N e w Testament, Complete."
In the center, engraved upon an oval plate
of gold, are other Chinese characters which
signify that the book is the holy classic for
the salvation of the world. The volume is
inclosed in a large sUver casket, upon which
is a gold plate, with an inscription stating
that it was presented to the empress by the
w o m e n of the Christian Church in China.
This unique gift was forwarded to Peking
in time to be presented upon the birthday.
The Christian w o m e n of America will echo
the wish that the book " m a y go from all
our hearts to hers, winged with prayer and
taking its blessed message of God's best
gift,"—Exchange.
A NOBLE CHRISTIAN.
Noble specimens of Chinese Christians
are not rare, but it m a y be w e U to hear
more of them since there is strangely so
m u c h skepticism in regard to the Chinese
character. Dr. Griffith John, of Hankow,
reports, in the August Chronicle of the
London Society, the case of Mr. T'ang,
who, when a heathen, was strictly moral
and deeply religious. H e did not enter
the Buddhist priesthood because of his
poverty, but he was a strict vegetarian,
and when he first heard of a Christian
preacher was greatiy offended because he
was told that vegetarianism had no sa-ving
merit. But he became a Christian in 1877,
and during sixteen years he has seldom
been absent from Sabbath service, though
he lived five or six miles from the chapel
at Hankow. Sabbath after Sabbath, in all
kinds of weather, he and the band of men
w h o m he had been the means of leading
into the Christian faith, marched into Han-
kow, Bible and h y m n book in hand. After
a while he was m a d e a deacon in the church
and gave one hour a day to the work of
assistant preacher. H e could give no more
time, since he must work for the support
 Editorial Notes. 117

of himself and mother the rest of the day. but better still a good soldier of Jesus
Last year the members of his family con- Christ, never ashamed of His service, ever
sulted together as to how he might be ready tofightHis battle.
released from his cares, and they made
arrangements so that Mr. T'ang could give A GOOD CONFESSION.
his whole time to Christian work. This he
W h e n Bengalese peasants are received
now does gratuitously, to the great accept-
into the Christian Church, the missionary
ance of the people.
usually asks them some simple questions
about their faith. This examination by the
TRUE BRAVERT. European missionary often seems rather
Betweenfiftyand sixty years ago, three dreadful to these poor, simple peasants.
little boys were amusing themselves to- One man, who was specially shy, was afraid
gether in a wood-lodge one summer fore- he should not be able to pass. " Sahib,"
noon. Soon one of them looked grave and he exclaimed, when his turn came, " do
left off playing. " I have forgotten some- not examine me, I cannot answer any ques-
thing,'' he said. "I forgot to say m y tions." "What must I do then?" asked
prayers this morning; you must wait for the missionary, who saw the man's distress.
me." H e went quietly into a corner ofthe "Let m e pray. Sahib," said the man, "I
place they were in, and knelt down, and believe I can do that.'' They all knelt
reverently repeated his morning prayer. down, and this man who had been so em-
Then he returned to the others, and was soon barrassed before his fellow-men, spoke so
merrUy engaged in play again. This brave freely out of his heart to his Maker, he
boy grew up to be a man. H e was the gal- prayed so earnestly and piously, and with
lant Captain Hammond, who nobly served such a thorough understanding of the Gos-
Queen and country till he feU headlong pel, that he needed no further examination.
leading on his men to the attack on the H e had passed with honor, and was re-
Eedan at the siege of Sebastopol. H e was ceived into the Christian Church.—Evan-
a faithful soldier to his earthly sovereign. gelisches Missions-Magazin.

EDITORIAL N O T E S .

—The Heeald of Mission News wUl be — T h e June number of the Heeald of

glad to have all its readers who are in
arrears for 1894, pay the subscription for
that year, and renew for 1895. Many have
done so since their attention was called to
their indebtedness, and have thus demon-
strated their Christian integrity.
Mission News will not be issued till about
two weeks after the meeting of Synod,
that all the reports and deliverances bear-
ing on missionary work may be in the
hands of its readers as soon as possi-
ble.
118 Editorial Notes.
—Since our last issue we have received
the following contributions to the salary
of Pastors' Missionary for a second year:
Rev. W . J. Coleman $20 00
Allegheny, Pa.
Rev. H. H. George, D.D 25 00
E. E. Pittsburgh, Pa.
The brethren w h o subscribed to this
fund will please compare the Treasurer's
voucher on page 120 with the individual
acknowledgments regularly reported in
these columns since last December, and see
whether w e have made any mistakes, as
there may be some to w h o m we have failed
to give credit. The total amount paid
over to the Treasurer, including five dol-
lars received too late to be forwarded to
him with thefirstpayment, is only $515,
or $179 less than was given last year.
Pastors ought to be able to say to those
under their oversight: " Those things
which ye have both learned, and received,
and heard, and seen in me, do, and the G o d
of peace shall be with you." W e confi-
dently believe, however, that all w h o are,
for some justifiable reason, in arrears, will
implement their engagements before the
meeting of Synod.
— W e have also received the following
contribution towards the salary of the
Elders' Missionary for a second year :
Mr. R. D. Scott $3 65
Venice, Pa.
" L. M. Samson 5 00
W y m a n , la.
A few of the elders who pledged an extra
penny a day are yet to be heard from,
and many others should hasten to add their
names to this Roll.
— T h e following contributions have been
received towards the salary of the Toung
Women's Missionary for a third year •
Mrs. W . R. Marvin $3 65
Kansas City, M o .
Mrs. C. M . Wilson 3 65
Olathe, Kan.
Miss Lizzie H u e y 3 65
Olathe, Kan.
— I n case m o n e y intended for either
of these funds is not promptly
acknowledged, or incorrectly reported
in these columns, word should be sent
immediately to the office of the H E R A L D
O F MISSION N e w s .
— A b o u t the middle of AprU, the Sab-
bath school connected with the Newcastle
congregation sent us, for repairs on the
Suadia buUdings, nine dollars and eight
cents, which have been forwarded to the
Treasurer.
— W e are pleased to learn from a Wash-
ington, D. C , despatch that the United
States flagship " San Francisco " reached
Mersine, Asia Minor, AprU 23, in obedience
to orders requiring her to touch at various
ports for the protection of American
missionaries.
— W e are very glad to let our readers see
what Rev. N. R. Johnston has to say in the
following communication. The substance
of the letter from our senior missionary,
which Mr. Johnston has had published in
the Oakland Evening Inquirer, and of
which he has kindly sent us a copy, has
repeatedly appeared, in one form or another,
in our columns, except certain points that
w e believe it would be neither prudent nor
for the comfort of our missionaries to pub-
lish in a magazine that is almost certain to
fall every month under the eye and cen-
sorship of the Turkish authorities :
Editor Heeald of Mission News:
I have received a long letter from Dr.
 Editorial Notes.
Metheny, of the Mersine Mission, so full of
events showing the unbearable oppressions
of the Turkish Government towards Ameri-
can missionaries and schools that I have
had it published in the Oakland Evening
Inquirer that the public m a y see h o w
neglectful the United States Government is
of therightsof its o w n citizens. I herewith
send you a copy. Though I have no doubt
you are well informed on the subject, per-
haps there m a y be some things in the letter
that you or the Church m a y not know, but
should. Dr. Metheny did not authorize m e
to publish it, but I a m sure he will not ob-
ject; and it contains so m u c h that shows
the hardships to which our beloved mis-
sionaries are exposed. A m o n g the para-
graphs of the two last pages, which I did
not give to the Inquirer, occurs the fol-
lo'wing: "But w e rely on the Divine
promise, Lo, I a m with you, in the commis-
sion H e gives us, in the word w e preach,
the ordinances w e administer, in His pro-vi-
dences administered by the Holy Spirit
under Christ's Headship. Is not that
enough ? N o diplomacy can avert the bat-
tle of Armageddon. His kingdom will
most surely come, and come soon."
Farther on in his letter Dr. Metheny
says: "I a m distressed that the China
Mission stUl hangs fire." H e is not the
only one who is distressed at this. The
Chinese Christians here and in China are
disappointed and sad. A n d to some of us
it seems both strange and discouraging
that that long-hoped-for work is delayed
so long. In reply to a letter written to
Lee To, n o w in Canton City, and to w h o m
I had pre'viously written about the expec-
tation that our Covenanter missionaries
would be in the field after a Uttle while,
under the date of January 25 he writes:
119
" There is plenty of work to do everywhere,
and do need more workers. I hope the
Mission in Oakland will have good helpers
soon and that the Mission will prosper as
before. I a m very glad to hear that your
Board of Missions will send out two mis-
eionaries in June. I hope they will come
to Canton City first and live here while
learning the language, which will be the
first work they must do. I will be very
glad to help them in any way that I can.
I hope you wUl write and tell m e more
about them and their plans."
Would that w e had multitudes all over
the Church like Dr. Metheny and like Lee
To. Tours in the Gospel,
N. R. J.
—Dr. J. M. Balph, the beloved physi-
cian of Latakia, will probably leave Syria
about the 15th of May, to spend a few
months in this country. H e needs a rest,
and wishes also to see the children from
w h o m he has been so long separated, as
well as to bring to the attention of the
churches certain matters in which he is
speciaUy interested in his o w n department
of missionary work. Dr. Balph will be
accompanied, on his return, with Miss
W U U a A. Dodds, who, though she has
faithfully attended to aU duties during the
past year, is not really able, owing to im-
paired health, to endure the wear and tear
connected with missionary work in Syria.
—Dr. John Paton and his daughter.
Miss Minnie, expected to sail from Sydney
April 1, to spend six months or more in
the N e w Hebrides. This devoted mission-
ary has had a great longing to be among
his Islanders, and wUl remain most of the
time on Aniwa, where he was honored to
do so great a work for our Divine Master.
120 Editorial Notes.

His m a n y friends in this country will
follow him and the missionaries w h o ac-
company him with fervent prayers.
—No paper comes to the office of the
Heeald of Mission N e w s that is more wel-
come than the Ghristian Statesman. W e
read it every week with increasing interest
and profit. T h e contributed articles are
worthy of preservation, but specially ac-
ceptable to us are its wise and timely edi-
torials on current events. The Christian
Statesman, which is n o w owned by Rev.
D. McAllister, D. D., L L . D., and under his
responsible management, deserves wide
circulation, and certainly should have a
place in every Covenanter H o m e . The young
people in our churches need the wholesome
instruction that is supplied every week in
the Christian Endeavor Department. A n
admirable series of articles on "The Theory
and Practice of Christian Politics" has
been running in its columns for several
months. These papers appear under the
signature of the editor, w h o has made the
subject a study for years, and no one can
read them -without being more fully in-
structed in the true principles and duties
of good citizenship, a present truth that is
m u c h talked about but very imperfectly
understood.
—We gladly place on our exchange-Ust
"World-wide Missions," published by
authority of the Board of Missions of the
Methodist Episcopal Church, and edited
by Secretaries C. C. McCabe, D. D., and
A. B. Leonard, D. D. Terms, 26 cents a
year, in advance. A U correspondence
should be addressed to the Mission Rooms,
150 Fifth avenue. N e w Tork.
W e have also received in exchange the
" Medical Mission Herald," a monthly
magazine devoted to the art of healing
and the greater cause of Christian Mis-
sions. A U communications should be ad-
dressed to Editor S. D. Ebersole, M . D.,
2340 Indiana avenue, Chicago, IU.

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-cdd-i.-ei-y^fz4- €^. r:>^r^d Ln<,

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Treasurer.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
June and July. REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, V. S. A. 1895.

O U R VIEWS OF MISSION W O R K .

ON EVANGELISTIC WORK.* they are absenting themselves in large

Rev. John W . F. Carlisle, Newburg, N . Y. numbers. Dr. Farrar, speaking of the
Church of England, has said that not
The Church of our day is called to face three per cent, of the " working classes "
a great problem in devising the most are regular or even occasional attendants.
practical plan of evangelizing the masses. Lord Shaftesbury found that only two per
It is a very positive condition that con- cent, of English workingmen attended any
fronts us in the question, " H o w are the place of worship. And Dr. Bradford, of
masses to be reached ? " With all of the the " Outlook," has discovered, by careful
Church machinery of our times, organiza- investigation, that in the leading Eastern
tions upon organizations, the rich endow- cities of our own country " Church neglect
ments of coUeges and seminaries, the fact among the poorer classes is on a rapid in-
remains that the vast majority of souls in crease." What is true of the East is as
Christendom are unreached; the gulf be- true of the West. Take any of our cities
tween them and the religious class is deep- or towns on the Sabbath; enter her
ening and widening from year to year. churches and see her empty pews. G o to
There is an alarming annual increase of her avenues and clubs and halls of amuse-
unconverted souls who despise the Church ment and count the throngs of young and
and are discontented with the social con- old congregated in the worship of the
ditions of Ufe. Think of thirty-two mil- flesh. Take the statistical reports of our
hons in this country that are attending leading denominations and make a thor-
no religious place of worship; thousands ough study of the additions on profession
upon thousands of chUdren never entering of faith. All this will furnish a convincing
the house of God and receiving no religious proof that the evangelizing of the masses
instruction. While this condition belongs is a problem demanding the most careful
to no special class, being true of both consideration—that something is wrong in
rich and poor, at the same time it is found the present condition of affairs.
largely among the worfdng class in the One phase of the subject is particularly
city and country districts. The time was alarming—the vast army of young men
when the working class was in full sympa- that are Churchless and Christless. The
thy with religious institutions, but to-day largest proportion of non-churchgoers is
found among young men between the ages
* Read at the Si/nod of the Reformed Presbyterian Church,
of sixteen and forty—one-sixth of our pop-
Bemxr, Colorado, June, 1895.
122 Our Views of Mission Worfc.

ulation. Sixty-five of every hundred at- Church of the coming century. As a de-
tend no church ; only ten of every hundred partment of Church activity, it demands
are in any connection ; only three in every the most thoughtful attention of every
hundred in any active service. Christ congregation, is worthy of a large place in
Jesus is not getting " the dew of His Seminary instruction and in the deUbera-
youth" from the young m e n of to-day. tions of Presbyteries and Synods. The
M a n y things are operating against their Church that ignores it will be ignored by
spiritual development—the absorbing cares the Spirit and the people.
of business, the secularizing of the Sab- W e owe it to our Lord to be deeply in-
bath, the false moral standards of com- terested in evangelistic work. If w e have
mercial and political life, and the evil in- the mind of Christ, w e must be. H e was
fluences of the club and the lodge. A U a thorough believer in it. " But when H e
these are drawing him from religious in- saw the multitudes. H e was moved 'with
fluences, unfitting him for Christian serv- compassion because they fainted and were
ice, causing him to waste his substance for scattered abroad as sheep having no shep-
that which is not bread. The salvation of herds." Read Matt. ix. 36 ; x. 6. The fif-
the youth of this republic is the important teenth chapter of L u k e shows His marked
department of all true evangelistic work. approval of all attempts to reach the " sub-
A s w e view the sad condition of the un- merged masses," and His faitfi in such at-
evangeUzed, w e have to cry, " W h o is suf- tempts. After the descent of the Spirit the
ficient for these things ?'' A n d to our cry disciples were of the same mind—they had
there comes one emphatic answer from the intense travaU for souls. Recall the prayers
heavens : The Church of the Living Christ and tears of Paul for the conversion of his
is sufficient. " Awake, awake ! Put on T h y brethren. Such is ever the mind of Christ
strength, O Zion." N o h u m a n institution when it is possessed in its apostolic full-
of ethical culture or of benevolent charity ness. Our oneness -with H i m is manifested
can settle this problem. Only a Divine to the world in our evangeUstic spuit.
institution, clothed with the full power of W e owe it to our country. The hreUg-
the ascended and enthroned Christ can lift ion of the masses is breeding anarchy,
fallen humanity into the righteousness of ruin, death, to our land. W e h a v e seen late-
God. Charles Kingsley well says: " If the ly the foreshadowing of coming days in the
Christian Church were what she ought to bloodyriotsand destructive strikes. These
be and could be for a single day, the world restless masses wUl determine our future.
would be converted before nightfall." The T o ignore their religious instruction is to
Church can do it, must do it, will do it. She seek our o w n destruction. The truest pa-
must awaken from her slumber; she must triotism demands that w e should strive to
realize the deep meaning of her mission to remove their ignorance and prejudices and
these unevangelized souls ; she must be led to bring them into love with the truth.
to institute the most practical plans for Dr. Strong says: " H e does most to Chris-
bringing to them the truth. EvangeUstic tianize the world and hasten the coming of
work can occupy no second place in Church the K i n g d o m w h o does most to make
work; it wUl have the first place in the thoroughly Christian the United States."
 Our Views of Mission Work. 123
The so-called " c o m m o n people " cannot bo time, to save the mass, w e must get at the
ignored if the nation is to endure. units composing it. W e should be thank-
W e owe it to ourselves. A living Church ful that our people are awakening to their
must be evangelistic. H e r very existence responsibUity in this work. Our Church
demands it. The inflow of n e w blood into is never indififerent to anything that con-
her body is a necessity for her true devel- cerns the progress of the Kingdom when
opment and efBciency. Her very life de- the need is shown them. B y the banding
mands the ingathering of the raw material of our young people in Christian Endeavor
about her and the transforming of it into Societies, with the reading and training
living stones. A n y organization that de- that flow from such organization, they
pends solely on additions from "within," have been awakened to the facts and have
and not from "without," wUl become been aroused to act. W h a t they need is to
effete. be shown the " h o w " of doing the work.
This is the great danger of the Church This devolves on our pastors and elders.
to-day—the increase is from within, very If they are careless or indifi'erent, the zeal
httle from without. O n e of the largest of the young people 'wUl be unused, and
denominations in this country reported the result will be, the masses untouched by
last year an addition of one to every fifteen us, the Church deadened, and her glorious
of its membership—it tookfifteento bring principles slandered before the world as
one into the Church, and that one in most the cause of the decline. The practical in-
cases a baptized child. The annual aver- quiry is: H o w can w e improve the evan-
age of all denominations is ono convert for gelistic department in our o w n Church?
every twenty professors. The statistics of Every congregation must help to solve this
our denomination for last year show for itself, according to its sphere of work.
little growth from without. W h o is W e can only give a general answer in the
to blame? Christ has promised, as the following points:
lowest return for faithful service, thirty First: There must be the inwrought
fold, and the Christian Church is hardly conviction in pastors and people that the
makingfiveper cent., one-twentieth of one work needs to be done, and that our dis-
fold. Such returns are very abnormal. tinctive principles in no way interfere 'with
What wUl H e say of our stewardship ? genuine evangelistic work. Souls without
N o body of Christians can delegate this convictions are destitute of true enthusi-
work to others. It cannot be left for the asm. Covenanters without this conviction
Salvation Army. A n y Church that does wiU be powerless in touching the masses.
this forfeits her rights to exist. T h e Cov- W e must remember that the best evangel-
enanter Church can enter no plea that her istic work is done on thoroughly evangel-
mission is to the nations and that others ical ground. " G o ye into all the world
can look after the individuals. Her mis- and preach the Gospel, teaching them to
sion to the nations is a very important part observe all things whatsoever I have com-
of true evangelistic work. O n e of the manded you."
greatest barriers in the way of evangeliza- Second: The training of our ministry
tion is National Atheism. At the same should be on this line. " Like priest, like
124 Our Views of Mission Work.
people." A n evangelistic pastor will m a k e
an evangelistic people. The pastor is the
key to the situation of having the people
deeply interested in Mission work, h o m e or
abroad. M e n are needed in our pulpits
that are spiritual and scholarly, but also
practical; m e n w h o know the humanity of
the age, its sins and temptations and
needs; m e n w h o understand the Christ-
method of being "hand-to-hand" with the
needy and getting under the fallen man.
As medical students need the hospital
training as well as the class-room instruc-
tion, so divinity students need the p)ractical
side as well as the theoretical side of their
calling. Every young man, before settling
in a congregation, should have some prac-
tical insight into the sin-condition of our age
through City Mission work in its places of
disease and darkness. T h e experience
gained from such training would be an
invaluable help to him throughout his
ministry. It would make him sympathetic
towards the fallen, and fill him with an
enthusiasm for their salvation. M a n y a
strong Church has been weakened because
the pastor lacked practical knowledge of
his mission. Give us an evangelistic min-
istry, and we loill have an evangelistic
people.
Third: Oar congregations need to be
inspired with an intense enthusiasm for
humanity. The duty must be placed be-
fore them, the needs of the special districts
opened to them, the fullness of His love
poured into them so that they will travail
for souls. Winners of souls must be first
weepers for souls. The laity cannot cast
the work on the clergy, the pulpit cannot
be the proxy of the pew. " T o every m a n
his work,'' is the law of the Kingdom.
Pastors and elders should be the leaders
in the work, but a deep sense of personal
responsibihty must be in every heart. . The
weekly prayer ser'vice can be directed into
this channel with great advantage to the
whole congregation. M a k e it a generator
of enthusiasm for the conversion of souls,
and your church will be k n o w n as a
" house of prayer,'' and m a n y 'will be born
there.
Fourth: Our young people must be
trained and developed for aggressive per-
sonal work. W e can stand an immense
increase in the growth of our lay force.
W e are not beginning to use the latent
powers of our youth. They need careful
training for the work. Personal contact,
house-to-house -visitation, the work of
young m e n with young m e n and young
w o m e n 'with young women, will be the
great spiritual methods in the Church of
the future. Character must be made by
h a n d — n o wholesale method of elevating
lives. T o give that hand-touch and impart
the true power will reqidre the careful
training of the young. W e should have in
every congregation the most thorough Bi-
ble-schools for the training in the use of
the W o r d as the Sword of the Spirit;
prayer-schools that wiU show them the
spiritual conditions on which they can be
clothed with the full power of their
ascended Lord; and what we may term
tact-schools, for the learning of the best
way of approach to the indifferent, the
backslider, the unbeliever—to be as harm-
less as doves and as wise as serpents. Our
young people feel their deep need of such
training, and are asking for it. Let us
answer their call.
Fiftli: W e must have an improvement
in tbe methods of our church service.
They must be more spiritual and practical.
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
W h e n methods are wrong the motive is
miscarried. Past methods will not answer
for the present day. It is the duty of
every pastor and session to carefully ex-
amine their church methods from time to
time, and to use the most effective possi-
ble. Must our congregations die because
of wrong methods ? O u r church services
need to be brightened in a truly spiritual
way. In many of our congregations they
are painfully heavy. W e can remove their
stiffness by a greater use of the song
services in all our exercises on the Sabbath.
Our preaching needs to be more evangel-
ical by being m a d e more evangelistic in its
tone. W e can stand more unfolding of
the W o r d and less preaching about the
Word. " The opening of T h y W o r d gvi-
ethlight." Nothing draws the masses in
our day as plain Bible preaching.
W e should m a k e our churches homelike
125
in every way. It is the h o m e atmosphere
thatfillsm a n y lost souls with a desire to
return to the ordinances. A band of spirit-
ual young people to greet strangers and
to usher them to seats is a great uplift to
any church.
Above all, w e need to keep before us, in
all our church services, the conversion of
souls. Everything should center on this.
W e r e our services shaped more with con-
version in view, there would be more con-
versions among us.
The wheels of organization are necessary,
but w e must have the spirit of the living
creatures in the wheels. T h e Spirit wUl
manifest Himself in the conversion of souls.
Oh, that w e would so grasp the fullness
of the enthroned Lord that this conoing
year would be the greatest of all our
Church years in the conversion of lost
souls!

ITEMS OF MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE.

RESOLUTIONS OP THE REPORT OP 2. That w e acknowledge with grateful

appreciation the attentive consideration
COMMITTEE ON MISSIONS.
which the Government at Washington has
Resolved, 1. That this Synod records its given to the representations which either
profound thankfulness to G o d for the the Poreign Board or our missionaries
preservation of the Uves of our niission- have been constrained to make to them,
aries during the past year, for the zeal and and especially for the recent sending of
fidelity with which they have labored in United States vessels to the harbor of
their respective fields, for the care and Mersine, and the investigation, in presence
prudence with which the Mission Boards of the Turkish oflicials, of the grievances
have discharged the important trusts com- complained of by our missionaries.
mitted to their hands, for the protection of 3. That w e instruct the Moderator and
our foreign missionaries amid the hostility Clerk to convey the thanks of Synod, in
of M o h a m m e d a n powers, and for the fruits an official letter, to the Department of
which have been gathered in. State at Washington.
126 Items of Missionary InteUigence.
4. That w e approve the sending of a
minister to Cyprus and the sending of two
missionaries to China, as indicated in the
report of the Poreign Board; that Synod
proceed in the election of an additional
missionary to China on Wednesday morn-
ing, immediately after the devotional ex-
ercises, and the choice of the particular
field to which the missionaries to China
shall go be left to the wisdom of the Board.
5. That w e earnestly encourage any ac-
tion by which the converts in Syria m a y be
led to undertake the support of a native
ministry and the expenses of their o w n
church work.
6. That the resolution in reference to
the work of w o m e n physicians be adopted.
It is as foUows: 'Whereas, In China there
are doors of usefulness wide open to
w o m e n as medical missionaries, therefore
Resolved, That w e encourage the well-
educated young w o m e n of the Church to
engage in the study of medicine and sur-
gery, so as to be qualified to be medical
missionaries in that inviting foreign field.
7. That w e regard the work which has
been opened up to us among the Jews as a
significant sign of the times in preparation
for great issues of the latter days. W e
recommend that the reports of this work
be made in future through the Central
Board of Missions, its management re-
maining as now, with the Sessions in whose
hands it has been placed, and w e ask for
this work, in special measure, the prayers
of the Church.
8. That w e regard with great satisfac-
tion the excellent condition and encourag-
ing prosperity of the Missions to the
Freedmen and the Indians. W e heartily
approve the proposed enlargement of the
work among the Indians by the estabUsh-
ing of a n e w station nine m U e s southeast
of the present site and further down the
Cache Creek Valley. This will involve the
erection of additional buildings, for which
purpose funds, in part, are in the treasury,
and w e call the attention of the Church to
the need for increased contributions which
are involved in this forward step,
In all these widely separated and 'widely
differing fields which the Church is en-
deavoring to cultivate, she has the right to
expect a continued and continuaUy increas-
ing harvest, and the blessing which is
promised to those who "sow beside all
waters.''
REPORT OP FOREIGN MISSION
BOARD.
At the close of another year in the his-
tory of our Foreign Missions, there is very
little to report that has not been brought
to the attention of the Church in its Peri-
odicals. The Redeemer has watched over
our representatives in the threefieldsthat
they at present occupy, and has so con-
trolled the enemies of His cause that aU
attempts to defeat missionary operations
have been to a large extent ineffectual.
Sybla.—The brethren in Syria, where
there are two centers of operation, have
labored with commendable dUigence in
their respective departments, and their
joint meetings for consultation in regard
to the work have been characterized by
brotherly love and unanimity of action.
The total number of pupils under instruc-
tion was 4 1 7 — 2 9 1 boys and 126 girls, an in-
crease of 50 boys and 5 girls over the en-
rollment reported twelve months ago. The
Boarding Schools, both in Latakia and
Suadia, were full, and one n e w school was
opened at Bizzak, in the southern part of
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
this field. T h e people, w h o are orthodox
Greeks, fumish a room and pay for the
books, and the teacher, w h o is a resident
of the district, is allowed to prosecute his
calling 'without any disturbance. Very
interesting details respecting these schools,
the way in which the lady missionaries ar-
range for and conduct the work entrusted
to their charge, and other items of impor-
tance not embodied in this Report, will be
found in the annual statement of the Mis-
sion, which all w h o would be thoroughly
acquainted -with the work in this field
should examine carefully.
It is not easy to overestimate the value
of the Boarding School work as an evangel-
istic agency. In this w a y m a n y children
are taken away altogether from their
heathen surroundings, and enjoy the same
training that they would have in the
Christian homes of this country, where the
truth is clearly presented to the mind
and reUgion is seen exemplified in its
beauty and power. In every local school
the Bible is the grand Text Book, and the
lesson which the teacher is expected to
illustrate and enforce is the way of salva-
tion through Jesus Christ. In some of the
•villages where the schools have been closed
by the Turkish authorities, evangelistic
work is carried on. At Inkzik, for in-
stance, the teacher reports that he is able
to " converse or read with from six to ten
persons every day, and on the Sabbath he
holds a meeting in his o w n house." M a n y
who formerly refused are n o w wUling to
receive him into their houses. At Bahamra
and the Merj the former teachers are em-
ployed as Bible-readers, and a society of
about a dozen worshipers meet every
Sabbath for public service. T h e little
community of 47 communicants in Guna-
127
imia, where, as reported last year, the false
teaching of a brilliant young evangelist had
unsettled the faith of many, has, through
the exercise of firm yet tender discipline,
been restored to a veryflourishingcondi-
tion. The outlook is quite promising.
" M a n y of the Armenians," writes Mr.
Stewart, w h o administered the Lord's
Supper at that station in March, "were
formerly bitterly opposed to hearing the
Gospel, but are n o w eager to hear, and
meet night after night in the house of one
of their number where our licentiate has
his lodging." Mr. Stewart also writes that
"one licentiate has been regularly employed
a m o n g the out-stations, preaching on the
Sabbath and frequently on week-day even-
ings." Our missionary himself had also
made, up to the end of April, " nineteen
visits to out-stations, occupying in all sixty-
seven days, eighteen of them being Sab-
baths." These statements ought to touch
the heart of the Church and should call
forth earnest prayer that the Holy Spirit
would clothe the preaching of these breth-
ren •with power, and make it effectual for
the salvation of m a n y souls.
At each center of operation the pulpit
has been regularly occupied either by the
minister in charge or one of the licentiates.
Five persons were received into the fellow-
ship of the Church during the year, and
there were, when the Table of Statistics
was prepared, 187 names on the Roll of
native communicants. W h o does not rejoice
in the report that Mr. Dodds, of Suadia, is
able to make? " One chief encouragement
this year," he writes, " is a visible increase
of spiritual activity. Besides the two
prayer-meetings held each week in the
chapel, there is a weekly meeting in the
houses of the brethren that has been a
128 Items of Missionary Intellige nee.
Source of development, resulting in in-
creased effort on their part to lead others
to Christ, in gathering neighbors together
to hear the word of God, and in inducing
attendance at public services.''
A s to the medical department of this
Mission, Dr. Balph, w h o has received leave
of absence for a few months and will visit
this country early in the summer, reports
having held 90 clinics with an average
attendance of 40 persons, and that each of
these clinics was opened with religious
exercises conducted either by himself or
one of the teachers. H e also reports 650
professional visits m a d e to residents of
Latakia and thefillingof 4,500 prescrip-
tions. Dr. Moore, though he has not yet
been in Suadia two years, and has not yet
thoroughly acquired the language, reports
having made 83 visits and having seen or
prescribed for 420 patients within a period
of six months. W e give these figures to
show the opportunities that physicians have
of reaching with the message of eternal life
m a n y w h o would not otherwise hear of the
Saviour, and as demonstrating the potency
of this arm of our missionary service.
Only one other thing remains to be
noticed in connection with thisfield,and
that is the alterations that' the Board was
authorized to make in the BuUding at
Suadia. These repairs were completed as
soon as practicable and have contributed
materially to the comfort of the Mission
families and the efaciency of the work;
$468.40 are yet needed to reimburse the
temporary Investment F u n d for advances
on this account.
Asia Minoh.—The distracted condition
of Tarsus Mission is w e U known. T h e
Turkish authorities continue to oppose the
work and display an almost contemptuous
disregard for Treaty obligations, opening
or withholding the mails of missionaries
and seeking, through secret emissaries, to
obtain information in regard to their
private affairs. Correspondence with the
State Department in reference to these
outrages always secures a respectful reply.
Nothing, however, is done to reUeve the
pressure of opposition and vindicate the
rights of missionaries resident in Turkey.
T h e explanation seems to be that when
Instructions are sent to the U. S. Legation
at Constantinople to act in a certain direc-
tion, there comes back to the Government
a misrepresentation of the true state of
affairs, and at the same time, as Secretary
Gresham says, counter complaints are pre-
ferred by the Tmkish Ambassador at
Washington. These complaints obviously
refer to the two girls w h o were placed in
the Mersine Boarding School by then-
father m a n y years ago, and have since
embraced Christianity, and w h o m Dr.
Metheny righteously refuses at the bid-
ding of the Moslem officials to surrender
to a life of enforced immoraUty.
In view of these intolerable annoyances
and persecutions, the Church -wUl not ex-
pect that any effective work has been done
in thisfieldduring the past year ; and yet
w e recently received a modest but most
encouraging statement from the Mission
thnt will amply repay perusal. While it
was necessary to close all outside schools,
those in the American domicile are able to
report 82 chddren under instruction, 40
boys and 42 girls. These schools gave
employment to four teachers. T w o other
teachers labored as evangelists, one in
Adana and another in Tarsus. There was
nothing to interrupt the regular preaching
of the word, the Lord's Supper was ad-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 129
ministered in January, and six natives were villagers and m a d e some friends. Inci-
added to the Chui-ch. There are n o w forty- dents that are always welcome in the
four communicants, including the mission- columns of a missionary magazine, m a y
aries and their families. seem out of place in an official re-
W e are glad to be able to say that a port. A n d yet w e will venture to relate
medical missionary is to be added to the one which clearly shows the hungering
working force in thisfield,a young m a n of some on the island for the Bread of
highly spoken of for his talents and Chris- Life. W h e n at Pyla one day our mission-
tian character. Dr. S. A. S. Metheny, son ary began to read the first chapter of
of our senior missionary, after a few the Gospel according to John. "There
months spent in visiting some of the lead- were several listeners," he says, " some
ing hospitals and medical institutions of of them apparently interested, in par-
Europe, will enter upon work in Asia ticular a little boy about seven years of
Minor. Miss WiUia Dodds, of this Mission, age, w h o crept closer and closer to m e till
who has been serving in Latakia as a sub- he was at m y side,fixinghungry eyes on
stitute for Miss Edgar during her -visit to the book. W h e n called to dinner, I
this country, will return h o m e in the sum- handed it to him and placed him beside a
mer, her health having given way under very old m a n w h o had been listening to
the pressure of duty. Miss LiUian B. Jos- the reading with manifest pleasure. The
eph, too, w h o has been for some years in little fellow continued to read to him for a
America, finding that she did not regain quarter of an hour." Surprised that a boy
her former strength, tendered her resigna- so young could read so well, Mr. Dodds
tion last winter. It is with great reluc- gave him the Testament, reminding him
tance that the Board parts with these de- that it was God's book and that, if he
voted and efficient workers. were taught to understand it by the Holy
Cypeus.—With the approval of the Spirit, it would be the means of his salva-
Board, Rev. R. J. Dodds, of Mersine, has tion and make him a spring of blessing to
been for some months, and is at present, on others. W h o can tell the results that m a y
the Island of Cyprus. In company with flow from that interview ? The next letter
our licentiate, M . D a o u d Saade, he has reports a visit to Nicosia, the capital of the
visited m a n y places, preaching the Gospel island, and about twenty miles from Lar-
and trying in many ways to awaken the naca. There two Sabbaths were spent and
people to a sense of their need of the great the Gospel preached in ten viUages during
salvation. S o m e of his letters have been the week. Everywhere these brethren met
published, and others more recently re- with a kind reception and the message was
ceived show the importance and peculiarly listened to with an unusual degree of in-
attractive character of this island as a field terest. Surely the evangehst must have
for evangelistic effort. In one letter Mr. seen fruit of his labor, when he could say
at the close of one day's work, " I went
Dodds speaks of having visited fifteen
out weary in body and discouraged, but
viUages in the vicinity of Larnaca, where
returned rejoicing and praising God."
he found favorable opportunities of preach-
T h e Church wiU certainly let slip a
ing the Gospel to good assemblies of the
130 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

golden opportunity of taking this historic was in so unsettled a condition, it was

island for Christ, unless arrangements are agreed to let the matter lie over untU the
made to send out a minister and a physi- meeting of Synod. Nor has the Board
cian without any delay. T o encourage any nomination to make. The m a n w h o m
immediate action it m a y be said that the the Holy Spirit calls wUl go. H e may
young people of our congregations, w h o have m a n y a conflict with himself before
have already expended $1,700 on that field he reaches a decision, but he -will go; and
only to be disappointed, have still over let us hope that no one wiU be allowed to
$3,000 in the bank with which they are go w h o is not chosen and called of God.
ready to fulfill their pledge and pay the N o action has been taken in the choice of
salary of an ordained minister for a term afield,further than to correspond 'with Rev.
of years, and very earnest prayers are ris- Dr. B. C. Henry, of Canton, w h o has for
ing out of their hearts to G o d that H e wUlm a n y years been closely identified 'with mis-
bring Cyprus to confess the Sa-viour. sionary work in China. H e has named three
China.—Attention must n o w be called centers in the province of K w a n g Tung
to the question of a Mission to China. A s that are still unoccupied: H e u n g Shan,
soon as practicable after the adjournment between Canton and Macao; Tak Hing, on
of last Synod, the brethren chosen as mis- the West River, and the district of Tsang
sionaries to this newfieldwere notified of Shing to the east. " T h e advanta,ge,"
their election. Rev. Mr. Mclsaac declined, he says, " of choosing any of these points
assigning, as a principal reason, his deep is that the missionaries could live in Canton
interest in the work at Selma and a great and be studying the language, whUe nego-
reluctance to leave a service to which he tiations were going on for residence in the
had been so recently set apart, without interior.'' Dr. Henry also strongly recom-
more decisive evidence that he was ealled mends, as the very best field for a new
of G o d to go elsewhere. Rev. Elmer M c - Mission in Southern China, the vast prov-
Burney expressed his readiness to go pro- ince of Tunnan. " Residence," he says,
vided that he could have a congenial asso- " could be secured in the town of Mengtsn,
ciate. In this desire he had the fullest where there is a custom house and a
sympathy of the Board, and the Secretary French Consulate, or at the provincial
opened a correspondence with a young capital and other places. It borders on
minister w h o was known to be possessed the Laos or Shan country where the Pres-
of a missionary spirit and an intimate byterian Board has had such successful
friend of Mr. McBurney. H e did not, how- work in the past few years.''
ever, see his way clear to say that he would W e would like to have the Synod ex-
go, and the Board would not assume the press its judgment as to which of these lo-
responsibUity of appointing him, unless it calities should be selected, or name some
were indicated in some way or other that other point. The only thing w e are in-
he felt drawn towards that form of service. clined to insist on is that the m e n who
Believing, too, that it would be very inex- go from this Church shall go into unoccu-
pedient to send ministers to China, when pied territory and open new ground.
the country, owing to the war with Japan, Before leaving this question it is needful
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 131
to remind the friends of this proposed for a definite term, it would be necessary,
Mission to China, that the n e w enterprise instead of increasing the working force, to
cannot be carried on without money. recall some of the laborers. Ha'ving laid
There are only $4,408.65 in the Treasury these facts and figures before the Church,
for this n e w work, and w h e n you deduct the
w e ask the usual appropriation of $15,000
salaries of two missionaries, with the for the Missions n o w in operation, and
amount needed for outfit and traveling $3,000 for the Mission to China in case min-
expenses, there will not be a large balance. isters are sent to that country.
Let it be borne in mind that each congre- Self-Suppoet. — A t a conference of Mis-
gation, whose representative votes to send sion secretaries held in N e w Tork City
a minister to China, becomes responsible last winter, there was an earnest discus-
for its full share of the m o n e y appropriated
sion of the question of self-support in
for that purpose. Mission churches. It is the opinion of
Finances.—This naturally leads us to in- m e n w h o have large experience in this
quire into the present financial condition matter, that sufficient prominence is not
of the Missions. At the close of the fiscal given in missionary teaching to this ques-
year (March 30th) the Treasury was over- tion. A circular has been prepared and
drawn to the extent of $5,974.79. Hap- will be sent to the several fields repre-
pUy, the Treasurer has control of tempo- sented at the conference, our o w n among
rarily invested funds on which he can draw the number, in which the native converts
to meet these over-drafts for the time and are urged to aim at the support of a native
so is enabled to pay the laborers their ministry, for their o w n spiritual strength
wages. But these funds are a sacred and growth in grace, and also for the sake
trust and every dollar borrowed from them of their o w n countrymen w h o are yet in
for that purpose has to be repaid. The ignorance of Christ and His great salva-
income from all sources last year was $17,- tion. This is a lesson that certainly needs
168.31, as against $19,254.65 the year be- to be impressed on the converts in our O'wn
fore. The congregational coUections, the fields.
only source of revenue that can be relied Mission Peesbyteey.—Lastly, it is the
on to carry forward missionary work, only opinion of the Board that the time has
amounted to $6,046.65, or nearly $1,500 come when what is known as the Syrian
less than were given the previous year, and Commission should be abolished and the
actually less than the amount contributed ministers and elders in Syria, Asia Minor
in 1881, fourteen years ago, w h e n the de- and Cyprus organized into a Presbytery.
mand on the Treasury for current expenses The old Commission exists only in name,
•was only a little over $11,000, or about and cases are constantly arising on the
half the necessary expenditure of last fields that call for judicial deliberation and
year. The work has grown to such dimen- action. W e recommend the appointment
sions that where there was one dollar given of a special committee to consider this
two decades ago there should be two dol- question and report at this meeting. The
lars given to-day. Only for the gifts of a main point to be determined is the respect-
few generous persons and special offerings ive powers of that court and the mission-
 132 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

ary organizations. Everything must be so the published letters of the missionaries.

carefully adjusted and so clearly defined as
to prevent friction or misunderstanding.
Our report is before you. In view of all
the failures and successes, the trials and
triumphs of the past year, we desire to re-
cord our faith in the inspiring words of
God Himself: " His name shall endure
forever; His name shall be continued as
long as the sun; and men shall be blessed
in Him ; all nations shall call Him blessed.
Blessed be the Lord God, the God of
Israel, who only doeth wondrous things.
And blessed be His glorious name forever;
and let the whole earth befilledwith His
glory." Respectfully submitted.
In the name of the Board,
R. M. Sommebville,
Cor. Secretary.
R E P O R T O F T H E S T R I A N MISSION. thanksgiving unto God.
1894-1895.
MISSIONAEIES AND THEIR STATIONS.
Latakia . Miss Mattie R. Wylie (1875),
Miss Maggie B. Edgar (1886),
James M. Balph, M.D. (1887),
Miss Wilha S. Dodds (1887),
Rev. James S. Stewart and wife
(1888),
Miss L. M. McNaughton (1893).
Suadia : Miss Meta Cunningham, Mission-
ary of the Ref. Pres. Church of
Ireland and Scotland (1882),
Rev. J. Boggs Dodds and wife
(1892),
W m . M. Moore, M.D., and wife
(1893).
To the Board of Foreign Missions.
Deae Pathbes and Beetheen: In this have labored, and are content to leave re-
our annual report we can scarcely hope sults in the hand of Him who has said
to present much of interest that has not " forasmuch as ye know that your labor is
already been set before the Church in not in vain in the Lord,"
Moreover, much of what has been done
here is routine work, much like that done
in schools and churches at home ; and in
recording this we cannot point to better
methods nor more marvelous results than
those with which you are famUiar. Also,
the fact that what gives promise of success
and calls for the expenditure of strength
and time and means, often proves, so far
as human eye can see, a total failure, makes
us cautious about reporting what has not
been tried and found worthy of permanent
record.
Nevertheless, we trust that a careful and
impartial review of labor done and bless-
ings enjoyed, and success granted, may be
to the Board and to the Church not only a
cause of encouragement but also of great
Dear brethren, we have not dispelled the
Syrian darkness, but we have tried to keep
our Uttle light held aloft and shining. W e
have not seen the hosts of darknessfly,in
any literal sense, but we have not forgot-
ten that they that be with us are more
than they that be with them. W e have
not seen multitudes fall at the foot of the
cross, but we have tried to tell all to whom
we have had access of the fountain opened
for sin and uncleanness. The year just
past has been mainly an uneventful one.
There is no record either of marvelous
success or of disastrous faUure, but of con-
stant plodding in the good old ways, con-
stant praying for more liberty to preach
the Gospel, constant praying and hoping
for the outpouring of the Holy Spirit. W e
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 133
LATAKIA CENTER, public worship numbers from 150 to 200, in-
With regard to making known the cluding the pupils of the boarding schools.
Gospel, we oan say that we have tried to During two of the summer months, when
obey the divine injunction, "Preach the the schools are not in session, the attend-
Word; be instant in season and out of ance is from 40 to 60. The attendance
season," One licentiate has been regularly each Thursday evening is about the same
employed among the out-stations, preach- as that of the Sabbath. A prayer-meeting
ing on the Sabbath and frequently on for women is held every other Wednesday
weekday evenings. Rev, Stewart has also afternoon at the houses of the various
made, up to April 30th, nineteen visits to members, and often numbers twelve to fif-
out-stations, occupying in all sixty-seven teen persons. The Sabbath-school, of
days, eighteen of them being Sabbaths. which Miss Wylie is superintendent, has
He has dispensed the Sacrament of the had enrolled 230, including the boarding
Lord's Supper five times, viz., once at pupils, and fourteen teachers. The Inter-
Latakia, Metn and Bahamra, and twice at national lessons are used, and the superin-
Gunaimia. At three of these Dr, Balph tendent has conducted a teachers' class
also was present, yFrro' persons have each Wednesday evening.
been received into the membership of The boys' school. Rev. Stewart in charge,
the Church on profession, but tha^ee'-of has had as usual 37 boarders and an enroll-
whom are included in the present year's ment of 89 day scholars.
statistics, which are, as usual, carried up T w o boys graduated last July, and re-
only to March Ist, Ten children have been ceived diplomas, one of them being a mem-
baptized, and one adult. Family visita- ber of the Church. Many of the boarding
tion has been attended to wherever prac- pupils are from places where we are not
ticable. W e have lost one Churoh mem- allowed to have schools. Nine boarding
ber by death, and also two baptized pupils pay this year in part. The read-
children. ing room in the boys' school building has
been of great use, affording a comfortable
Latakia.—Owing to distance and the dif- and tidy room where our boys and young
culty of fording streams in wet weather, men can drop in at any time and find
the Latakia congregation is the only one profitable reading matter and pleasant
that has enjoyed regular preaching. The companionship. It has also given us op-
pulpit has been occupied twenty Sabbaths portunity to talk with many whom we
by the missionary in charge, and the rest otherwise should not have seen. The
by the licentiates, who are employed regu- boys' prayer-meeting on Sabbath evenings
larly in teaching. The usual exercises of is attended by all the larger boys of the
the Lord's Day are the Sabbath-school at school and several young men members
9 A, M., explanation of the Psalm and ser- of the Church. The spare moments of
mon at 10.30, general prayer-meeting at the Sabbath are spent by the boarding
3.30 p. M., prayer-meeting for girls in the scholars in reviewing and reciting the
girls' school and for boya in the boys' Psalms and Catechism questions learned
school in the evening. The attendance at during the week previous. The opening
134 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
exercises of each day, consisting of singing
Psalms, a Scripture lesson, and prayer,
have for the most part been conducted by
the missionary in charge, w h o has also
attended, as far as possible, the Sabbath
exercises. Industrial work has not yet
been inaugurated, but several pupils are
learning trades outside of the school.
Associated with Miss Wylie in the care
of the girls' school, there have been Miss
McNaughton and Miss Dodds, the latter
acting as Miss Edgar's substitute. Not
only the oversight of the school work
proper, but also of the general housework
connected with the boarding school, has
been shared by the three ladies. There
have been five native assistant teachers
and one cook. The number of boarders is
54; day pupils, 80. Miss Dodds has had
charge of the primary pupils and the sale
of books, has taught two classes in the
Catechism, keeps order during the sewing
hour, conducts worship on Wednesday
evenings, and helps in the Sabbath evening
exercises. She has tried to teach the girls
that whatever they do, whether they com-
mit to memory a Bible verse, or sing a
Psalm, or make a bed, or scrub the bath-
room, it should be done to the glory of
God.
There has been a marked improvement
in recitations, work, and conduct on the
playground since the beginning of the
year, and less disposition on the part of
the parents to infringe on the school rules
than ever before. Miss McNaughton rings
the rising bell, teaches the English classes
and orders the cutting and sewing. Each
day one of the older girls in turn spends
an hour and a half with her in the cutting
room. The whole number of articles, in-
cluding clothing, and various household
things, cut and m a d e during the year is
410.
Miss Wylie has had the care of the sick,
mending, knitting and fancy work, arrange-
ment and review of classes. She opens
the school each morning and, for the most
part, conducts evening worship, as well as
the exercises of the Sabbath evening.
The same attention has been given to
religious studies as in former years. The
work in the school is so arranged that one
of the ladies is free to receive visitors.
This is important, since it gives them op-
portunities to speak a word in His name
to persons otherwise inaccessible; and in
the home, with its books and pictures,
there are better facilities for guiding the
conversation into useful channels than in
the average native house. Since N e w
Tear's day at least 250 ladies have called,
and m a n y of their calls have been returned.
There is often found a spirit of inquiry
that is very encouraging, as well as a
marked improvement in refinement and
intelligence. Miss Wylie has made an
average of three 'visits each week to the
sick, or those in mourning or in trouble.
There have always been ssveral persons
present w h o were wUling to listen to her.
She has gone occasionally to read the
Bible, and in this also has been kindly
received, as also the native Bible reader,
w h o makes four or five visits each week
among the non-Protestants.
Gunaimia.—Mention was made in last
year's report of the evil effects of errone-
ous teaching in Gunaimia, and of the re-
fusal of several members of the Church to
c o m m u n e on the basis of the terms of
communion to which they had formerly
given their consent. W e are glad to be
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
able to report that at the communion held
there March 17, 1895, but one refused to
join us, although two were absent and their
present attitude is not known. This Society
is in a much more prosperous condition
than it has been for two years past, and is
now, as it was always formerly, our most
promising preaching station. M a n y of the
Armenians w h o were formerly bitterly op-
posed to hearing the Gospel are n o w eager
to hear it, and meet night after night at
the house of one of their number, where
our hcentiate has his lodgings.
Three boys and two girls from this vil-
lage are in the boarding schools of Latakia.
Inkzik.—The condition of the work in
the 'village of Inkzik is in m a n y respects
discouraging. Six members of the Church
have withdrawn, and the conduct of at
least two of these is utterly opposed to
godliness. The school remains closed, but
the teacher reports that he is able to con-
verse or read with from six to ten persons
daily, and on the Sabbath he holds a meet-
ing in his o w n house. M a n y of the people
are wiUing to receive him into their houses,
while formerly they were not. Surely the
leaven is at work there, although w e
may have been too hasty in receiving m e n
into the feUowship of the Church, i. e., m e n
who were not thoroughly learned. At the
usual time for holding the communion
there the Greek bishop was expected to
make a visit to the place, and it was
thought expedient to postpone our ser-
vices. A fitting season has not yet oc-
curred. Five boys from this and a neigh-
boring viUage are in the Latakia school.
Bahamea and the Mbej.—These two are
the only places in the mountain district
where our people are meeting for Sabbath
worship. A little society of about a dozen
135
members meets alternately at the house of
Takob at Bahamra and Daoud at the Merj,
and, on December 9, they sat down at the
table of the Lord at the Mission house at
Bahamra. The two teachers just men-
tioned are still employed as Bible readers,
but at reduced wages, owing to the impos-
sibility of giving full time to such work.
The Maekab.—In this district the schools
of Metn, Soda and Tartous have continued
as before, and a new school has been
opened at Bizzak, about two hours north
of Metn. The religion of the people is
Greek orthodox. They have for a long
time been asking for a school, and G o d in
His providence has raised them up a
teacher in the person of the young m a n
Ibrahim Elias, of w h o m mention was made
in the Heeald of Mission News for January,
1895. H e , being a native of the district, is
able to teach without being molested.
They furnish us a suitable school room
free of charge and pay for the books used.
The school was opened January 7th, and
has n o w an enrollment of 42. Twice w e
have preached there and found many will-
ing to hear. In all these villages, except
Soda, the school meets on the Sabbath for
the study of a portion of Scripture.
The Latakia Bible reader and shopman
reports that he has sold or furnished to
our schools 2 Bibles vowelled, 25 un-
vowelled, 22 N e w Testaments vowelled,
21 unvoweUed, 44 copies of the Gospel by
Matthew, 4 of the Gospels and the Acts,
and 10 of the Psalms.
W e desire to acknowledge the receipt of
three (£3) pounds' worth of religious books
for free distribution from the Religious
Tract Society ; also of twenty (£20) pounds
sterling from the Bible Lands Missions'
Aid Society.
13C Items of Missionary Intelligence.
Licentiate Isa Haurani, of whose banish-
ment from Latakia you have been informed
(see Heeald for February, 1895), is yet in
Beirut, but there is no prospect of his
return to this place, where his family still
remain. Jas. S. Stewaet.
MEDICAL REPORT.
The medical work of the past year has
been conducted along the same lines as
formerly. Clinics have been held regularly
twice a week, except when absent in other
parts of the field. These have had an
average attendance of about forty persons.
Tlie number of clinics held was ninety.
E'ich of these was preceded by religious
exercises of about half an hour in length,
conducted either by myself or one of our
teachers. By this means the Gospel mes-
sage has been presented to many who
never have any other opportunity of hear-
ing it. The number of visits made in the
to'wn was 650, not including visits to vil-
lages in different parts of the field. A
number of patients have been taken in and
cared for and treated, for periods varying
from one to three weeks each ; but lack of
any provision to defray suo'u expenses, ex-
cept as we 'nave been able to do so person-
ally, has compelled us to refuse many very
needy cases which could not be treated at
their homes. In all our work it has been
our endeavor to make it the means by
which we should be enabled to teach those
who came under our care something of the
need of a lost world—of Him " W h o heal-
eth all our diseases, and forgiveth all our
iniquities," leaving results with Him, and
trusting in the promise, " M y word shall
not return unto M e void."
The number of prescriptionsfilledhas
been 4,500. J. M. Balph.
SUADIA CENTER.
W e desire to record our gratitude to
God for a year of peace and advance.
W h U e others have experienced the hand
of oppression, we have been spared such
antagonism. W e had a mUd form of
opposition in the Government school in
our midst, which was opened for the
Fellaheen, but, after a few weeks of
puerile effort, the school, which at first
had 120 pupUs, closed. Four Greek
schools detained some of our pupUs a few
weeks in the early winter, but they, too,
closed, and the pupUs who were ready de-
sirous of learning came back to us, and a
very goodly number have attended. As
before, two teachers have been employed
in the boys' school. The girls' school has
been quite successful under the efficient
management of Miss Cunningham. The
wisdom of the Board in providing more
rooUi for the girls' school has been thor-
oughly shown by the increased number of
applications for school privUeges. Public
preaching of the word has been main-
tained each Sabbath, either by the licenti-
ate who works here or by the resident
minister. Rev. Stewart cheered us by oc-
casional visits and sermons during the
summer. Attendance at the services has
largely increased.
The Sabbath-school, of which Miss Cun-
ningham is superintendent, has increased
in numbers and interest, requiring addi-
tional teachers, which were provided. Rev.
Dodds and family, of Mersine, paid us a
visit in the fall. H e assisted at our oom-
munion, at whicb time we had an accession
of two.
Our chief encouragement this year is in a
visible increase of spiritual activity among
the brethren. Besides the two prayer
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 137

meetings held each week in the chapel, ceived during this time, 2,385.17| piastres :
there is a weekly meeting in the homes of received during the previous six months, be-
the brethren, that has been a source of fore securing diploma, 1,233.39^ piastres.
development, resulting in increased effort The time from July 9th to August 23d was
on their part to lead others to Christ, in spent in procuring from the authorities in
gathering neighbors together to hear the Constantinople the usual diploma, authoriz-
Word of God, and in inducing attendance ing us to practice medicine in Turkey.
on the public services. T h e enemy retreats Several clinics have been held with varying
also. W e , w h o have recently come, do not success, owing to the fact that the people
see the cross and images, and the burning here are unaccustomed to such a method,
tapers over the heads of the sick as the and that m a n y speak other languages than
earlier missionaries saw. Open pocket- Arabic, and that the lack of time-pieces
books are fair proof of consecrated hearts. makes it impossible to gather the people
Recently, at one of our fellowship meetings, at the office at an appointed time. Miss
quite a s u m was subscribed to purchase Cunningham has rendered efficient aid in
Bibles and Psalm books to hand to such the work of this department. Owing to
occasional hearers as are able to read ill health of myself and family the amount
Arabic. There are timid inquirers w h o of attention given to work the past month
listen to the Gospel nightly in some has been limited, but w e hope for better
brother's house, and some even are learn- things in the days to come.
ing to read. T h e leaven is working. Our W . M. Mooee.
Bible reader does good work among all
STATISTICS.
classes of the people ; besides teaching us
Arabic, he has held 412 readings, thereby
1. Number of Commtjnioakts 198
reaching 1,839 persons ; this is in addition Foreign 11
Native 187
to his Sabbath work. Latakia I'i
In material things the Lord has helped Gunaimia 47
us greatly. Eldainey 37
B y the contributions of m a n y friends Jendairia 13
the missionaries' homes have been m a d e Inkzik 5
Metn 6
quite comfortable. In our building work
Suadia 17
we were not disturbed at all by Govern-
ment interference. W e look on this as 187
a special favor from God. 3. Baptisms, Native Childeen 10
J. Boggs Dodds. 3. Deaths, Baptized Native Childeen 3

MEDICAL REPORT. 4, Net Deoebase of Communicants 11

By Death 3
For the six months ending Feb. 28,1895, .5. NuMBEK OF Employes 33
we are able to report as follows : Licentiates 4
Number of patients seen, over four Bible Readers 4
hundred and twenty. N u m b e r of visits Shopman 1
made, eighty-three. A m o u n t of cash re- Teachers, Male 10
138 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

Teachers, Female 5 anything but the briefest report. Wehave

General Agent 1 tried to keep the Church at home duly
School Servants " posted in the progress of events, through
6. Number oe Schools 8 tfie papers and periodicals. It is a signifi-
Girls', Boarding and Day 3 cant fact that w e ourselves have not seen
Boys', " " " 3 those papers which contain our articles on
" " " 4 these points, they having been seized in
7. Number oe Pupils S * ^"^"^ Turkish post.
„ 291 There is little to report but a series of
(jiplg itSfc battles. It has n o w become afightfor the
*^ existence of the Mission. The Gospel has
8. NuMBEB OE Sabbath-Schools 5 i i -ii j. • j. j.- j
been preached without mterruption, and
T^^^if • 20 quite a number have been present to listen
to it. M u c h of the time the services were
9. Contributions. conducted in both Arabic and English and
Latakia Center : translated into Turkish. The Lord's Sup-
Congregational Collections 775 25 per was dispensed on the 13th of January,
Sabbath-school " 5.50 00 and thirty-six sat d o w n at the table. Of
C E. Society... 805 00 j^ ^ c o m m u n e d for thefirsttime.
Native Member, Cash 273 00 ^, •,,,,. n ti -r, „
Additional by Missionaries so far as They were all baptized. T w o were Fella-
Keported by Them 7,092 05 been, one from the Greek Church, and one
Medical Fees 6,940 00 the child of a Protestant father, who had
Price of Medicine 3,137 00 neglected to have his son baptized in infancy,
Suadia Center : ^'^'"-^ thefifththe son of a missionary. Mr.
Congregational CoUections 514 31 '^''^^^ '^^''^e a visit to Antioch in Novem-
Sahhath-school " 154 30 ber, during the absence of Dr. Martin, and
Special for Books 138 35 a short visit to Cyprus in the last of De-
Additional by Missionaries so far cember. H e is n o w there with his famUy
./^^TS'""^'^^'"' ^°'°*''^ ^^ and expects to make astayof somemonths.
Medical Receipts 3,619 17 , ^ , ^ ^,^ , .^, '
and go about a m o n g the people with M.
N. B.—To reduce piasters to United States Daoud. As you know, all the schools have
money simply divide hy 38, the number of pias- been closed except those in the American
ters in one doUar. domicile in Mersine. T h e ghls' school,
R E P O R T O F T A R S U S MISSION. ''''^''^ *^'' dhection of Miss Sterrett and
-I OCA on Miss Jennie Dodds, has had a prosperous
1894—1895.
year.
Deae Beetheen : -R^nn^ Boulad, in Adana, and Nicola
The great amount of extra work necessi- Debbak, in Tarsus, have gone among
tated by the Government interference with the people from house to house, talking
both Mission affairs and with private inter- with them about the things pertaining to
ests, falling on shoulders so unfitted for the kingdom. The latter, fearing a second
their weight, makes it impossible to prepare imprisonment, was transferred to Mersine
 Items of Missionary Intelligence, 139

in the beginning of the year. In addition power of His Holy Word in times of dis-
to the trials from without, w e mourn a tress and trial. A n d w e know and are
spirit of coldness and indifference and sure that H e has heard and answered the
worldliness in our midst, and w e entreat many prayers offered up for us by our
you to join your prayers to ours, for the brethren in our native land.
copious outpouring of the Holy Spirit upon Let not the Church be cast down by the
this field. seemingly adverse circumstances in which
Amidst all the discouragements which w e find ourselves, "In due season ye
have beset us, w e have m a n y causes for shall reap, if ye faint not." " W e are per-
thanksgi'ving. plexed, but not in despair; persecuted,
1. The good health and spared lives of but not forsaken; cast down, but not de-
all our number, both missionaries and stroyed.''
church members. O n e of the young m e n Tour loving brother,
of the congregation had the misfortune to David Metheny.
lose a thumb by a steam saw, but he is ciTATmTTP^
almost able for work again. Communioants.
2. That notwithstanding all oppositions Missionaries and FamUies 8
of Satan, four from without have been Natives and Others t36
added to the Chureh, and two, w h o had —~
for a while forsaken the ordinances, have
been restored to their privUeges. Baptized Childees 32
3. That in every case where violence was Baptisms, Adults 4
threatened Providence 'visibly interposed "^^ '_
and shut the mouths of the lions. Total U
4. That G o d so inclined the hearts of the Inoebase of Communicants (Missionary) 1
warlike and independent Circassians to- Native, by Profession 4
wards us, that despite the threats of the Native, by Certificate 3
Government, their o w n co-religionists, they American, by Profession _^
were ready to help us in all the arduous Total 8
manual labor which has been necessary Deoeease in Communicants (Missionary)... *1
this winter to secure our personal rights. Native, by Defection 6
Our hope and prayer is that the present Removal 2
disturbances m a y result in the opening of Total 9
wide doors for the Gospel, especially Schools, Boarding and Day combined p3
among those w h o are prevented by the ^^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ —
temporal power of Islam from having Day Pupils tO
access to the truth. ~:
Total 40
Finally, w e wish as a Mission and as
individuals to testify to the faithfulness of G,iv\i, Boarders 36
our Covenant God, w h o has in every Day PupUs ^
emergency visibly taken us under His pro- Total 43
tecting care, and also to the comforting Total Number of PupUs 83
X40 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
Employes, Teachers b4 here. The Wall came from Adana, and aU
Evangelists 3 complaints were brought forward. The
Helpers _5 -jjuited States did credit to herself through
Total 11
OoNTErouTiONS, Plas. Paras,
3,747.03
About $97.00
* Miss WiUia Dodds to Latakia.
" Also to Latakia District.
p Two schools for girls were carried on in
Mersine during part of the year, but were, for
prudential reasons, discontinued.
B There were five teachers until Hanna El
Haleby went to America in the beginning of the
y®^""'
+ Others, includes EngUsh and Austrian mem-
Asia Minoe.—Some days after the trans-
ference of the Report of Foreign Mis-
sion Board to Synod, the foUowmg letter
came to hand. Our readers wiU be glad to
learn that the United States Government
has at last taken effective action for the
reUef of our brethren in Asia Minor:
Mbbsine, April 27, 1895.
Rev. R . M . Sommerville:
Deab Beothee : A week ago to-day w e
received the glad intelligence that the
" San Francisco" was on her way here from
Smyrna. Our pleasure was somewhat
dampened by the fear that Consul Gibson,
of Beirut, was not to be here at the same
time, as he had the points in our case at
his fingers'ends. The "San Francisco"
came in on Monday, and when the Doctor
met some of the officers on the wharf they
told him that Mr. Gibson was coming by
the " Marblehead" the next day. T h e next
day w e had the pleasure of seeing the two
vessels lying in the harbor. After consult-
m g together, it was thought best, if possi-
ble, to have official business attended to
her representatives. W e hope that things
are n o w on a satisfactory basis. The Lord
has evidently answered the prayers of His
people. A church which has been closed
foi' "^ore than half a year-native Protest-
ant-was opened, and Mr. Christie's
teacher, w h o has been m prison aU win-
ter, released last Saturday. W e know that
an order came for his release long ago, but
it was only w h e n the coming of the man-
of-war was certain that it was carried out.
Three times 'within the last two weeks,
.^j^^j^ ^.^^ ^g^^.^g ^^.^^ ^^^.^ ^.j^^y j^^^^^g y^^^.^
followed by soldiers. In thefirstinstance
they were accompanied by three teachers
from the Adana school—one American, one
gwiss and one Greek. Their escort, an
Austrian, had left them to bring back one
of the horses which had got loose, when
two soldiers came and told them they were
not aUowed there, and asked if there was
no m a n there, etc. T h e next week, when
our ladies and children, -with this same
Austrian and an Englishman from Beirut,
went out for a picnic, they discovered after
awhile a soldier seated on a rock watching
them. Last Saturday, when the ladies, at-
tended by the same English gentleman
from Beirut, were out riding in the even-
ing, they were met by two soldiers and
rudely ordered back to town, and they
even used force to make Mr. Dray tm-n
back. M r . Dray was in no condition to
contend the point, with three ladies on his
hands ; but it was a very good time for it
to happen, for the complaint of the ladies
had just been lodged with the local agent
here when Mr. Gibson came. Mr. Dray
made his complaint to the British Vice-
 Items of Missionary InteUigence. 141

Consul, but he is not at home just now. in the duty of prayer for our army and
Among other things, a reprimand to the navy. W e are waiting anxiously the ac-
soldiers was ordered, and they were for- tion of the European .powers.
bidden to molest riders again. Sincerely your friend,
On om- vexed question of boundary, at Maey E. Metheny.
last officers were sent to measure it, and it
was found that not only had we taken " W e are troubled on every side, yet not
naught but our own, but the sea has so en- distressed; we are perplexed, but not in
croached that we have not even as much despair; persecuted, but not forsaken;
as our deed calls for. The Wall, when cast down, but not destroyed; always bear-
asked why the permit to buUd was not ing about in the body the dying of the
given, had the audacity to say that we had Lord Jesus, that the life also of Jesus
not asked for it. Mr. Gibson soon showed might be made manifest in our body."
the falsity of that statement. In short, —Paul.
everything that they brought against us
failed of proof. EXTRACTS F R O M R E P O R T S OF
The " Marblehead " left Wednesday and H O M E MISSIONS.
the " San Francisco " Thursday night. Mr. Southeen Mission. — The condition of
Gibson also went to Beirut that night by this Mission is most satisfactory. Its af-
the French steamer. People in town say fairs are managed with much efficiency
that the coming of the ship has been a and great economy. Mr. Mclsaac has
great boon to all Christians. Within the shown himself admirably fitted for the
last two weeks there have been a great position of Superintendent.
many Christians murdered in this imme- The membership of the congregation is
diate vicinity. Some h-ave been shockingly 73. The morning sohool has an average
mutilated. T w o of them are Turkish Prot- attendance of 115, and the afternoon of
estants from Cesarea, and have been at 120. The congregation raised for church
tending our preaching all winter. A very purposes during the year $429.14. The
good impression has been produced by this Sabbath services are regularly held and
visit, as it shows that affairs here are under reasonably well attended.
surveUlance. Surely it cannot be long till The enrollment of pupUs in the school
thefinaldismemberment of this empire. is 306, with an average attendance of 226.
If the powers do not speedUy make some The course of study is the same as before.
settlement in Armenia, the atrocities perpe- Religious instruction is not neglected. An
trated there are likely to be imitated in all hour each day is spent in the study of the
the provinces. Bible and Catechisms. One young man
Among the encouragements connected and one young woman graduated this year.
with the visit of the " San Francisco," not A n industrial school has been started.
the least is tbe fact that such a goodly Mr. Mclsaac, with the assistance of some
number of our naval officers are noble of the pupils, hasfittedup a workshop
Christian men. I have been much im- with benches and tools. An hour is spent
pressed with t.he thought that we all fail by him each day with the boys. The re-
142 Items of Missionary InteUigence.

suit has thus far been quite encouraging. give in writing what they can remember of
A sewing machine has been purchased for it. At the regular prayer-meeting some of
the girls, and Miss McCartney spends an the more advanced pupils lead in prayer,
hour daily teaching them h o w to sew. She read portions of Scripture, and occasion-
is m u c h encouraged with the progress ally offer some thoughts on the subject.
made. A number have a good idea of the plan of
During the year a neat and comfortable salvation. The propriety of uniting with
dwelling was erected on the Mission prem- the Church was presented to those who
ises at a cost of $758.62. The greater have sufficient intelligence. They hesi-
part of this sum was raised by Mr. Mclsaac tated about doing so, owing to the fact
during his summer vacation. H e occupies that a large proportion of those who have
the new house, the teachers from a dis- been baptized in recent years died. This was
tance boarding with him. This building interpreted as a judgment following the
adds greatly to the comfort of the Super- putting on of water. It seemed doubtful if
intendent and teachers, and saves them any of them would break with the past and
from m u c h annoyance, besides being a make a public profession of their faith.
source of income, bringing in an annual There was reason to fear that even if some
rent of $100. of the children would manifest a desire to
Pleasant Grove has an enrollment of 75 unite with the Church, an infiuence would
pupils, and an average attendance in the be exerted by their friends that would pre-
Sabbath-school of 29. Valley Creek re- vent their so doing. HappUy, these fears
ports 34 names on the roll, and an average were disappointed, and at the Oommunion
of 39 children. Repairs were made on the held by appointment of Kansas Presby-
buUding in the latter place and paid for by tery, on M a y 26th, there was an accession
the friends there. of nineteen, eighteen of w h o m were the
direct result of God's blessing on our ef-
Indian Mission.—The work in this Mis- forts to reach with the Gospel the Indian.
sion has been continued along the lines A number of others would have united
pursued so successfully in the past. The with the Church had it not been for the
school opened on thefirstMonday of Sep- reason already mentioned. The Commun-
tember, and closed on the last Friday of ion ser-vices made a deep impression on
June. Forty-four chUdren, three white, the minds of all present, and many ex-
were enroUed. The progress has been pressed themselves as being much more
good. The great aim is to bring aU w h o favorable to our work.
attend under the influence of Divine truth.
At the Mission on the Sabbath are a Sab- Chinese Mission.—^The enrollment of
bath-school, a study of the lesson for the pupils during the year was about 60, and
older people, the regular service of preach- the average attendance 16. This small av-
ing, and in the evening the explanation of erage is accounted for by the fact that the
a chapter in the Confession of Faith or Chinese are constantly changing their place
Testimony. O n Monday all the chUdren of residence. The number of Cbinese
that can follow the sermon are required to Christians belonging to our Mission and
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
living in Oakland and vicinity is 16, with
11 whites. Rev. N. R. Johnston, w h o is
now residing in Oakland, has, during the
past four months, preached one sermon
each Sabbath.
J. W. Speoull,
President.
Mission of the Covenant to Iseael.—
Synod at its meeting last year having in-
augurated Mission work among the Jews,
assigned the Mission in PhUadelphia to
the Second Congregation in that city, inas-
much as their attention had been taken up
to some extent in this Une of work. The
Session promptly took steps to meet the
responsibUity. Our beloved missionary of
Asia Minor, Dr. D. Metheny, having pro-
cured a house well located for this work,
granted the building to the Sessions free of
rent. O n the 17th day of July the Mission
was opened with an interesting meeting,
and the work began with earnest addresses,
singing Psalms and offering prayer, plead-
ing that the Lord would sustain the mis-
sionaries, bless their labors and give suc-
cess to this enterprise of grace.
Our missionaries, Moses Greenburg and
his wife, reside in the building. They have
devoted themselves 'with unceasing energy
to the work. They have borne the bur-
dens and met the difficulties with com-
mendable courage and with prayer. A n
Elder attends the public service each
Sabbath, whose presence gives encourage-
ment and has its effect in preserving order.
The Sabbath-school and night school re-
ceive helpers from the young people of
the three churches. The work has been
carried forward with regularity and grow-
ing interest. Tet w e k n o w the fallow
ground is only being broken up and the
143
seed disappearing under the soU, which w e
hope will grow up into a future harvest of
souls for Christ.
Saturday (the Hebrew Sabbath) at 4
o'clock, an address is given to an audience
varying from ten to twenty-five. The
company listens with attention to the
W o r d as it is plainly expounded to them.
Sabbath, at 4 o'clock, a lecture on the
Messianic parts of the Old Testament, or
in the Gospels, is given to an audience of
the same size. In these meetings the peo-
ple in general are orderly, yet not 'without
some disturbing elements.
The Sabbath-school is under the super-
intendence of Mr. Hamilton T. Walker,
and has done good work steadily through
the year. It meets at 3 p. m., having an
attendance ranging as high as forty.
These are all children, learning verses of
the Bible, the Lord's Prayer, Psalms, and
the Ten Commandments.
The night school is conducted three
nights in the week. The pupils are nearly
all young men, desUing to learn the E n g .
Ush language. They come in numbers
above our ability to furnish teachers.
Mrs. Greenburg has had from the be-
ginning an interested class of girls in sew-
ing and fancy work. The class meets at
6:30, three nights in the week, and con-
tinues about one and a half hours. The
number attending is at times more than
twenty.
Three physicians have been giving their
services to the Dispensary Department,
Drs. A. CaldweU, 8. Baders and S. A. S.
Metheny. They are present four times
each week and have met 182 calls for their
service at the building, besides visiting
some at their homes. W e regret the loss
of Dr. S. A. S. Metheny, yet in resignation
144 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
b o w to the authority that assigns him a
more important place.
The reading-room is supplied with six
or eight weeklies and monthlies in the
Jewish language, embodying rich food in
Gospel truth. Each day a number of per-
sons are present enjoying the literary re-
past, which to them is evidently pleasant.
W e hope m a n y a round kernel of truth
will find a hiding-place, during the hour
of silent perusal, to spring up some other
day.
O n e missionary makes visiting the peo-
ple at their homes and places of business
an important part of his work. O n an av-
erage he meets fifteen families each day,
distributing tracts. Bibles and Testaments.
More than three hundred Testaments and
some Bibles have been placed in the
hands of those w h o seem to be wUling to
learn.
The results of the first year cannot be
determined ; w e shrink from attempting
to indicate them. Should w e mention two
persons baptized into the glorious Trinity
on profession of their faith in Jesus, a
number of inquirers, classes of children
receiving regular instruction, showing in-
creased intelligence in the Bible, both
sense of order and more cleanliness of per-
son, and the growing influence of the mis-
sionaries and teachers, aU this would be
but a small part of the work which has
been done, or of the results expected.
The tree has been planted for these hun-
gry, neglected, perishing people ; it is
spreading its roots and sinking them deep;
w e hope many wiU find shelter under it
and fruit on it for their salvation. Our
trust is in the Lord. W e plead for the
prayers of the Church for Israel, entreat
the Lord to accept of our feeble services of
the past year, and by His Spirit increase
our dUigence, and multiply the fruits of
the Mission in the coming year.
B y order of Session,
J. C. McFeetees.
CiNoraNATi Jewish Mission.—The Missiou
to the Jews in Cincinnati, Ohio, has been
prosecuted during the year to the best of
our ability. M r . Meyer, conscious of his
lack of theological training, felt constrained
to go to the Theological Seminary. This
left us, during his absence, at great disad-
vantage. Since his return, greatly bene-
fited by his training, he is doing better
work than before. W e are not expecting
great results immediately. The work, like
every missionary undertaking, has its
difficulties ; some of these are c o m m o n to
work among the Jews, w h U e some are pe-
culiar to Cincinnati. O u r congregation
being smaU and weak, and situated in the
midst of a field calling for laborers to
gather the harvest of perishing souls,
needs the help of the whole Church. Cin-
cinnati, the seat of the Hebrew Union
College, is headquarters for Retormed Ju-
daism in America. This class of Jews is
largely m a d e up of wealthy and aggressive
people that resist Christian work among
their brethren and have a strong tendency
towards Unitarianism and infidehty. Then
organ, Tfie Israelite, often assaUs the work
and the workers. T w o Hebrew schools
for children have been started during the
year close to our church. O n e of these
aims to reach the orthodox, the other the
Reformed class of Jews. Those who come
to our Mission are followed up, and, if
possible, drawn away from us. W e are
only learning h o w to do, in the wisest way,
the work that G o d has laid upon us.
 Monographs.
T w o things seem clear to us. First, w e
feel that the mutual prejudice between
Jew and Gentile must be removed. Our
efforts are turned largely in this direction.
Second, w e feel that w e must reach the
chUdren. For this reason w e have under-
taken Kindergarten work, and aim to
bring children into the Sabbath-sehool.
W e are also using the sewing-school for
girls as a means to our end.
Our Sabbath evening missionary service
has been kept u p during the year. Both
Jew and Gentile attend, and at the close
of each service the people of our congre-
gation welcome in a friendly w a y all stran-
gers. The Jews seem to enjoy the meet-
ings. House-to-house visitations and dis-
tribution of N e w Testaments are important
parts of the work to be done. In order to
reach mothers and children, w e felt the
necessity of a lady missionary. W e have
M O N O G R A P H S .
S E L F - S U P P O R T IN M I S S I O N
CHURCHES.
A Lettbe Peom the Coneerenoe oe Rep-
resentatives oE PoEEiGN Mission Boards
AND Societies in the United States and
Canada, hbld in thb Chuech Missions
House, New Toek, February 14, 1895.
" To them that have obtained a Uke pre-
cious faith with us in the righteousness of
our God and Saviour Jesus Christ." Espe-
cially to those churches which have been
estabUshed through the instrumentality of
the American Missions.
Brethren in the Lord : For three suc-
145
at last secured one in Mary Patterson, of
Old Bethel congregation, w h o comes to us
highly recommended. She will certainly
prove an efficient arm in the Master's
service.
W e have been greatly encouraged by
the liberality and prayers of brethren all
over the Church. W e have received from
the Central Board $500, and from private
donations $413.54, making the total re-
ceipts $913.54. The expenditures have been
$622.81. T h e liberality of the past year
encourages us to enlarge the work in the
future, if Synod shall favor this Mission.
Through our schools w e reach about twenty
children; through public meetings w e reach
about the same number of adults; through
visitations our workers reach many scores
of the descendants of God's ancient peo-
ple. J. C. Smith,
Moderator of Session.
cessive years w e have met in the city of
N e w Tork to confer together about the
best methods to pursue in our Mission
work, that the truth as it is in Jesus m a y
speedily and effectively be made known to
all mankind. At our meeting in January,
1894, a committee was appointed to ascer-
tain, as far as practicable, what were the
amounts contributed by the members and
adherents in the churches dependent upon
or co-operating with our various Missions,
as compared with the amounts sent by the
Christian people in America to aid in main-
taining regular churoh ser'vices and pastoral
oversight in the same districts.
146 Monographs.
The results of the inquiries m a d e by this
committee were partly set forth in its re-
port to the Conference held in N e w Tork,
February 14, 1895. After a full discussion
of this subject it seemed good to us, as in
so large a sense representing the whole
Christian Church in America, to send you a
joint letter.
But before going further we desire to
express our t'uankfulness to G o d and our
joy that so m a n y souls have been born in-
to the kingdom of His dear Son through the
preaching of the Gospel by the missionaries
sent forth by our churches, and that so m a n y
from among yourselves have received grace
to suffer persecution for His Name's sake,
and to testify to your o w n people of the
wonderful love of G o d for men. W e would
assure you of our earnest prayers on your
behalf, and of our deepest sympathy with
you in your trials and struggles to live a
godly life. In nothing, however, have we
so clear an evidence of your love to Christ
as in your readiness to deny yourself even
the necessaries of life that you m a y be
fully instructed out of His Word.
W e seek for you the best things w e
have ourselves. Next to the Gospel of
salvation through our crucified and glori-
fied Saviour w e esteem the institution of
His Church as His chosen instrument for
the preservation, defense and dissemination
of the Gospel. It is the distinct aim of all
our Societies to plant a native church,
drawing its material support entirely from
the native community, which wUl be minis-
tered to by a native pastorate, and be self-
supporting, self-governing and self-propa-
gating. This w e desire:
First: For your o w n sake. W e believe
your own spiritual strength and growth in
grace will depend largely upon your effort
and liberality in supporting your own
churches, each m e m b e r bearing his part
according to his abiUty, and on your hav-
ing pastors, evangelists and teachers of
your own, sharing your burdens, sympa-
thizing with your trials, and responsible
under G o d to you alone, and not to the
people of a foreign country. Our great
desire is to see in every land, not an Amer-
ican church or a foreign chureh of any sort,
but a church native to the soU, growing
from its o w n root, and deri'ving its support
from the people a m o n g w h o m and for
w h o m it exists. Our various Missions have,
in some cases for a number of years, devot-
ed time and money to this end, and now find
themselves burdened, beyond what might
reasonably be expected, with the care of
churches that should by this time be able
to walk alone. W e feel that w e must more
and more withdraw from responsibUity for
established work to a relation of simple co-
operation in c'nurch extension and educa-
tion. W e fear that some of these chm'ches
have been injured in their growth and
spiritual life by recei-ving too much aid
from abroad. It can hardly be doubted
that the maintenance of their former wor-
ship entaUed far hea-vier burdens than any
that would be m a d e necessary by the fall
support of the Gospel and the Church.
Seaofid: W e desu-e it for the sake of
your o w n countrymen, w h o are yet in ig-
norance of Christ and His salvation; their
numbers and their needs ai-e great. For
the supply of those needs by the knowledge
of the Gospel, they must depend on you
more than on us. They are near you—all
about you. T o u k n o w them as w e do not
and cannot. T o u are bound up -with them,
as w e are not, by m a n y personal ties. They
will hear you as they will not hear us.
 Monographs.
But so long as you continue to depend on
us, will they not continue to regard the re-
ligion of Christ as a foreign religion, and
your pastors and preachers as the paid ser-
vants of the missionary? D o not multi-
tudes so regard them n o w l W e have
reason to believe that this has often stood
in the way of the progress of the Gospel.
Tou and you only can remove this impres-
sion and so contribute to the spreading of
the Gospel a m o n g your neighbors.
Third: W e desire it for the world
which stUl lies in darkness. There are
hundreds of mUlions of m e n and w o m e n
who have never yet heard of Christ and
His salvation. Christian love demands
that aU disciples of our Lord unite in ef-
forts to bring the Gospel speedUy to
these. The gifts of Christian lands ought
not much longer to be bestowed on the re-
gions already visited with the Gospel, but
should be set at Uberty to seek new and
destitutefields,that the gracious light of
God may be shed on the dark places of
the earth. In this spread of the Gospel it
is for you to bear a share with all other
Christian people. This you can do in two
ways:first,by more energetic and self-
sacrificing efforts to provide for yourselves
you oan relieve the Mission funds that
aow come to your aid; second, you can
give of your substance to these larger mis-
sionary operations, and so pass on to others
the blessing that has freely come to you.
W e do not speak without experience in
this matter. This is the w a y in which our
own churches have been built up and been
enabled to take a part in evangelizing the
world. M a n y of their members are poor
in this world's goods, butrichin faith, and
out of their poverty count it their privi-
and joy to help on the work of the
147
Lord. The larger part of the money w e
receive and use comes from these. If, there-
fore, you have sometimes thought that some
of our missionaries have said too m u c h
about self-support and your duty to give
the Gospel to others, w e assure you that
in so doing they represent the matured
convictions and the practice of those w h o
sent them. B e assured, also, that in send-
ing you this message, w e do not intend to
'withdraw from you, in any degree, our
sympathy and prayers, nor such measure
of help as it m a y be necessary for you to
receive and for us to render. W e lay this
burden of our hearts on yours—not to rid
ourselves of it, but that you m a y share it
with us. W e beg you to think seriously
of it, pray much over it, speak with one
another about it in private and in your
public assemblies, and resolve, in the fear
and with the help of God, to do all that
you can. W e know well that it cannot be
done without m u c h labor and sacrifice, of-
ten painful to the flesh. But w e believe
you will be blessed of G o d in doing it, in
your o w n souls, in your church life and
growth, and in the part you m a y thus
have in glorifying our c o m m o n Redeemer
and in saving this lost world.
And, now, commending you to G o d and
to the W o r d of His grace, which is able to
buUd you up and to give you an inherit-
ance among them that are sanctified, w e
are, in behalf of the Conference,
Tours in Christ,
Judson Smith, Chairman.
S. L. Baldwin,
Samuel W. Duncan,
William Dulles, Jr.,
Henry N. Cobb,
W. Heney Grant,
Committee on Selfi-Support.
148
O N SABBATH-SCHOOLS.*
For many successive years Synod has
urged upon the Church the value, impor-
tance and necessity of Sabbath-sohool work.
She has also during these years dwelt at
length upon various methods of conducting
this work, and she n o w calls the attention
of those under her care to one of the newer
methods of Sabbath - school work, than
which none, perhaps, have come more rap-
idly into prominence, viz., that known as
the H o m e Class Department.
In every community there are persons
who, from necessity or choice, are in no
way connected with Sabbath-schools ; and
not infrequently a large proportion of such
are found in the homes of church members.
A n y method of Sabbath-school work that
wUl enlist the attention and meet the wants
of these, and at the same time carry the
W o r d of G o d into the homes of the irre-
ligious and ungodly, will certainly be hailed
'with delight by all Sabbath-school work-
ers, and such the H o m e Class Department
of the Sabbath-school has proved to be
wherever operated.
The plan of this Department is to enroll
the names of all the different classes of
non Sabbath-school attenders in any com-
munity—especiaUy in any congregation—
w h o will promise to give at least one-half
hour each week to the study of the Inter-
national Sabbath-school Lessons ; to ar-
range for the classification of the same,
according to districts, under the supervis-
ion of teachers or visitors, or both ; and
to provide each with a Lesson Quarterly
in which to study the lesson, and a Quar-
terly Report Envelope on which to record
the weekly study of the lesson and in which
•'Read at the S^nod of the Reformed Presbpterian Synod,
Denver, Colo., June, 1895.
Monographs.
to place the weekly contribution. At the
close of each quarter the visitors in charge
of the various districts, or the teachers in
charge of the various classes, if such there
be, in these districts, collect these envelopes
and at the same time distribute the Quar-
terlies and envelopes for the succeeding
quarter.
In each case the classification must be
suited to the conditions of the community.
If the community is large and populous,
there will necessarily be the more districts
or at least classes in a district. In some
districts there m a y be but one class, in
others more than one. In some classes
there m a y be but one person, thus consti-
tuting an indi'vidual class; in others, the
members of a famUy, thus constituting a
famUy class; and in others still the indi-
viduals in a neighborhood, thus constitut-
ing a neighborhood class. There m a y or
m a y not be teachers for each of these
classes, just as the visitors of the districts
and the superintendent of the Department
m a y deem best.
The privUeges of the members of the
H o m e Department classes are identical
'with those of the members in regular and
constant attendance upon the Sabbath-
school proper; and the teachers and visit-
ors of these classes sustain exactly the
same relation to the Sabbath-school that
the teachers of the classes iu the Sabbath-
school proper do.
The advantages of this Department of
Sabbath-school work are manifold:
1. It links by its system of association
and visitation the members of the H o m e
Class Department with those of the Sab-
bath-school itself in the blessed and glo-
rious work of studying the Divine Word.
2. It enlists all the members and all the
 Monographs,
famUies of a congregation, if not indeed of a
community, in the study of the Interna-
tional Sabbath-school Lessons.
3. It increases the membership of the
Sabbath-school proper by creating an inter-
est in the study of the International Les-
sons, an interest that will eventually bring
the students into the Sabbath-school.
4. It secures the co-operation of m a n y
parents in preparing their children for the
Sabbath-school proper.
5. It brings earnest, devoted Christian
workers into personal contact 'with m a n y
who are n o w neglecting the W o r d of G o d
and the salvation it offers through Jesus
Christ.
6. It affords m a n y aged saints, w h o by
reason of infirmity or affliction are shut in
from church and Sabbath-school, the un-
speakable joy of Christian fellowship and
associated study of God's W o r d .
7. It is a most effective means of carry-
ing the Gospel message to the unchurched
masses.
8. It adds greatly to thefinancesof the
Sabbath-school, and if properly managed,
especially to its missionary offerings.
W e therefore recommend that this De-
partment be introduced at once into aU
our Sabbath-schools.
W e also recommend further:
1. That all lesson helps be discarded
from the class, and that Bibles be used in
their stead.
2. That the use of suitable charts and
maps be encouraged in all Sabbath-school
teaching.
3. That a Teachers' Association for the
discussion of Sabbath-school work in gen-
eral, and the interests of the school in par-
ticular^ be formed in every Sabbath-school
where not already existing.
149
4. That wherever at all practicable a
teachers' meeting be held for the weekly
study of the International Lessons.
5. That the officers and teachers of our
Sabbath-schools in purchasing books for
their scholars, purchase those which bear
upon the history of our own Church, so far
as at all practicable.
6. That the running expenses of the Sab-
bath-school be paid out of the congrega-
tional treasury, and that all moneys given
in Sabbath-school be devoted to charitable
and benevolent objects.
7. That Sabbath - school officers and
teachers make a special study of the Sup-
plemental Graded System this coining year
with a view to introducing it into our Sab-
bath-schools.
J. S. Maetin.
The special attention of Sabbath-school
officers and teachers is called to this report
in the hope that its recommendation 'will
be acted upon at once in the schools of
our Church.
"I W I L L LIE IF I W A N T TO!"
In a former communication I said that
for our n e w brother from the Greek Church
(whose name, by the way, is Gebrat), " the
fiercerfireswere kindling." I have also
written about our prayer-meetings meeting
from house to house. Early in this series
of daUy meetings for prayer you m a y be
sure that the Suadia people were curious
to k n o w w h y w e had instituted so n e w a
thing in worship. They said, "Is the
chapel not good enough'?" " W h y do you
not ask all to come ?" " W h y do you go
every day 1 Is this the w a y you must do
all year, and in the winter, too V
150 Monographs.
Little did these quibblers care for com-
ing, for they knew very well that the chapel
is open on the Sabbath and during the
week for aU w h o wiU come. The people
had their eyes upon us. Soon after the
beginning of the meetings Gebrat desired
to have us go to pray in his house. W e
went. His wife and mother were courteous
enough, but not at all cordial. After a very
helpful meeting w e dispersed. But the
plague was left in the house. Neighbors,
friends and priests passed it by. They
were cast out of the social synagogue. T o
the unsanctified hearts of the 'wife and
mother this was wholly unbearable. W h o
can tell what reproaches, what strife of
tongues, what curses this poor m a n en-
dured for Christ's sake in his o w n h o m e ?
T o him this was most bitter. W e could
see daily how he was troubled in soul and
preoccupied in thought. Quietly he en-
dured it all.
Shortly after the meeting in his house
his little girl became Ul. Miss Cunningham
went to see her. There was necessity for
medicine tbat the child refused, whereupon
the little one's mother said, " This is not
medicine; this is sweet and good." The
body healer said, " Oh, w h y do you teU lies
to your chUd V " I don't care; m y re-
ligion says it is right to lie, and I will lie
if I want to. T o u have hammered away
untU you got Gebrat. Tou have made us
a curse,'' etc., in a tirade of reproach and
blame. But while these hearts were being
hardened by these things apparentiy, G o d
was working out His own purposes. The
aged mother was severely attacked by
rheumatism, and they sent for the priest
to come to perform his spiritual sorcery
over her. H e said, " N o ; your house is
accursed, l'he Protestants have prayed in
it." Thus these poor deluded creatures
were cast out for the Gospel's sake, when
as yet they hated it. But G o d was " keep-
ing watch above His o'wn." Through the
kindness of the physicians and the hus-
band's Christ-like patience, yet firm ad-
herence to the new life, they were led to
see that there was a secret power in the
Gospel of Jesus. B y patient endeavor and
the daily reading of the precious Gospel
by this brother in his home, these loved
ones gradually became interested. Some
weeks afterward, as w e walked into the
chapel one Sabbath morning, on one of the
greatest feast days of the Greek Church,
our hearts were made to leap for joy as we
saw Gebrat and his wife sitting side by
side in a seat in the chapel. She was an
interested Ustener. Such a change of
countenance—a greater change of conduct.
N o w she is all desire to hear the Word
read. She is anxious to leam.
W e e k before last Gebrat was sick. One
night, accompanied by a young brother, I
went to see him. After salutations, Gebrat
called his mother to his bed and saida few
words. She went out of the house and be-
gan to call by name several neighbors.
Then I knew that he had sent her to bring
in some neighbors to hear the Gospel. W e
read and explained the W o r d and had
prayer with those w h o came in answer to
the call. Thus the house that was ac-
counted a curse has, by the power of faith,
become a house of prayer—a candlestick
of Gospel light.
Almost nightly a few neighbors gather
to read the Gospel. O n e or two are even
learning to read from this one who so re-
cently knew not h o w to read the Word of
God.
Thus the Truth is marching on. HaUe-
 Monographs. 151
lujah ! "Brethren, pray for me," " that ut- times the distance of the moon from the
terance may be given unto me, that I may earth! Mr. Williams has lately been in the
open m y mouth boldly, to make known region of the supposed site of this mountain,
the mystery of the Gospel for which I am and has been able by geographical demon-
a missionary." stration as to the position of rivers and
J. Boggs Dodds. other mountains to show the impossibilities
implied in the myth. H e has succeeded in
A NOTABLE NEGRO MISSIONART. convincing Hindoos of its untruth; but
The Rev. J. R. Bridges, of Salem, Va., was challenged to show what he gained by-
has a brief sketch in the Missionary Review the exposure. H e at once replied, " The
of a remarkable colored man who has spent untruth of Hindooism." " H o w 1" was.the
some time speaking in the Southern States, reply. " What," said he, " do you not see
and who at the last meeting of the Presby- that if these statements of the Hindoo
terian Synod of Virginia received a most books be false, then the books themselves
enthusiastic hearing. Mr. Bridges says : are false?" " What then ?" he was asked.
"William H. Sheppard, the subject of this The answer was manfully given by one of
sketch, was born in 1865 at Waynesbor- themselves. H e said, " D o you not see
ough, Va. H e grew up after the manner that if the books be false then our gods
of his race, not much cumbered by cares or must be false ? " There was no further
clothes. A pious lady said to him, when a question.—Mission Field {London).
boy, ' I have been praying that God may
make you a Christian and send you to LIFE-PREACHING.
Africa.' This boy is now a man who, after A Japanese senator recently got hold
a strange experience in Africa, has been of an exposition of part of the Bible.
speaking to crowded houses, capturing all Reading it attentively, he pronounced
by his eloquence, fund of humor and his- Christianity afinething in theory; but
trionic qualities. * * * While in London the question was, would it work practi-
he delivered a lecture in Exeter Hall, and cally ? Thinking about it, he became dis-
was made a Fellow of the Royal Geo- satisfied with his life, and while in this
graphical Society, an honor conferred upon state took a trip from Okayama to Osaka.
Mr. Stanley when he returned from Africa. On the same steamer was a Miss Barrows,
APeUow of the Royal Geographical So- and as he heard she was a Christian he
ciety, evolved from aVirginia negro through watched her. Her deportment so im-
the power of Almighty grace, is our hero." pressed him that, though not a word
passed between them, he was convinced
A CONCLUSIVE ANSWER. that Christianity was as good in practice
Mount Maru, writes the Rev. T. WUl- as it was in theory; and on returning
iams, of Rewarri, is, of all the sacred home he hunted up a missionary, made
mountains of the Hindoos, the most sacred. a public profession of faith, and has since
Its height, according to the puranas, is been faithful in working for the salvation
672,000 miles, or between twice and three of others.—Review.
152 Editorial Notes.

EDITORIAL NOTES.
—The Synod of 1895 is over. The ser- of nineteen converts, the first fruits of
m o n of tbe retiring Moderator, Rev. J. C. labor among the Indians, the symbols of
McFeeters, founded on the words, " T e complete atonement made for m e n of every
shall receive power after that the Holy clime and color? A full account of this
Ghost is come upon you, and ye shall be first communion season in the Cache Creek
witnesses unto Me," was an earnest pre- Mission 'will be prepared for our columns
sentation of very timely and solemn truths, by a beloved brother w h o was present and
It was e'vidently the testimony of personal took jiart in the impressive services.
experience and came to those w h o heard Acting on the fourth recommendation ot
it, not in word only, but also in power, and the Committee on Missions, Synod balloted
with m u c h assurance, leaving an impres- twice for a missionary to China. But there
sion that did not soon pass away. Twenty was no election, and the whole matter was
minutes at the beginning of each session again referred to the Board of Foreign
of the Court were spent in earnest prayer Missions.
for a blessing upon the Eldership, the
families, and the youth of the Church, as " ^ ^ ^ appropriations for the various
weU as upon the work of the Church in its '°'^®°'^' °^ *^^ ^^^^<=^ ^ ^ *^°''* *^^ '^°''
several departments. T h e burden of each ^^ "^ ^®°^'^* ^^^^^ =
petition was for the Anointuig of the Holy Domestic Mission $6,000
Spirit, and those moments of direct com- H o m e Chinese Mission... 2,000
muning with the Redeemer came to the Indian Mission 2,000
members of Synod laden with spiritual re- Southern Mission 5,000
freshing. Je'wish Mission 2,000
In the Minutes wUl be found admirable Poreign Mission 15,000
reports on the Sabbath, the Signs of the National Reform 7,000
Times, National Reform, and other sub- Testimony Bearing 4,000
jects of equal importance, many of which Church Erection 6,000
were for lack of time adopted without any Sustentation 6,000
discussion. A U of these papers ought to T h e churches ai-e asked to make Hberal
^^'^^^^- contributions. If the basal prmciples
Very encouraging statements were made enunciated in the Report on Systematic
on the floor of Synod iu regard to our Beneficence were acted upon, there would
missionary operations at h o m e and abroad, be no need to appeal for money to carry
Rev. W . W . Carithers had, as usual, a cheer- forward either Reform measures or work
ing story to tell of the work in Oklahoma that is distinctively evangehstio. The
Territory. N o marvel that he spoke well, Treasui-y would be f uU, and operations
for his heart was fuU of joy. H a d he could be extended in every direction.
not just come from putting into the hands T h e great need of to-day is a fuUer sur-
 Editorial Notes. 15S
render of ourselves to God. If we are in- ised in answer to true prayer. W h e n
different in this matter, the Lord will with- Christ commissioned the twelve to preach
hold His gracious presence from us. It is the gospel of the Kingdom, H e had spent
an old yet very instructive story that is re- the whole of the previous night on a
lated of an artist w h o was asked to paint mountain alone in prayer. W h e n the
the picture of a decaying church. H e did Church at Antioch sent forth the first
not select a building in ruins, but a struct- missionaries to the heathen, it was with
ure whose style of architecture and furni- fasting and prayer. Scripture unites with
ture spoke of wealth and luxury and the observation and experience to proclaim an
{esthetic taste of the worshipers. Then at indissoluble union between successful
the door he placed a collection box, richly evangelism and prayer. W h a t G o d has
carved and mounted in solid silver, but joined together let not m a n put asunder.
over the hole in the lid he painted a cob- T o pray for missionaries is to pray for
web. Silently and impressively that cob- Christ. In one of the Psalms it is foretold
web proclaimed the solemn truth that hav- that "prayer shall be made for H i m and
ing lost sight of the parting c o m m a n d of daily shall H e be praised." A n d surely
the risen Lord, that church was hasting to nothing can so animate His loyal followers
decay. Covenanters, take warning. to pray for the extending of His cause, as
— A m o n g the most frequent requests to know that in praying for the spread of
that come to us from the foreign Mission the Gospel, they are praying for Him.
fields is, "Pray for us." " Tell the churches — O n returning from Synod, w e were
to pray for us." This request was not detained over Sabbath in Pittsburg, Pa.
forgotten at Synod, and surely these In the afternoon w e listened to a brief but
brethren have a special claim to our edifying discourse by Rev. David McAllis-
prayers. Apart from the personal call, ter on the " Peace of G o d keeping the
they are simply doing what all of us, as hear't and mind through Jesus Christ.''
the consecrated followers of Christ, are The nature of this peace, as inward and
bound to do. The c o m m a n d of the risen consequently independent of outward sur-
Lord is " G o ye," and by His authority, roundings, active, permanent, and the
and by all the motives that enforce it, w e issue of victorious conflict with sin, was
are under obligation to "go." Those w h o set forth in chaste language and with fit-
are sent, go as our representatives to dis- ting Ulustration. It was a message to us.
charge, amid toil and peril, the great In the evening w e spent a few minutes
claim of G o d and m a n that rests upon the with the little Society of Christian Endeav-
Church in its individual and collective or connected with the Reformed Presby-
membership. Surely it is only right that terian congregation in Eighth street, and
they should have a central place in our a few minutes more in an adjoining room
hearts and an abiding place in our sympa- with a similar gathering of Chinese, m a n y
thies, and especially in om- prayers. of w h o m are in full communion with the
The laborers need power. Power is in- churoh. At eight o'clock the two bands
'Beparably connected with the Anointing of left their separate rooms and met in the
the Holy Spirit. This anointing is prom- lecture-room as a school and for united
154 Editorial Notes.
prayer. Another engagement prevented
us from taking part in these union serv-
ices, but Mr. D. Chesnut, whose long
experience as superintendent of the
Chinese school, qualifies him to give an
opinion, spoke in the highest terms of that
little Society of Christian Endeavorers as a
working force in the Church. W e could
not help thinking, here is Christian En-
deavor exemplified. Here is an example
that other Endeavorers might imitate to
their advantage. Here is a scene that
should lead those w h o are inclined to dis-
courage the formation of such societies, to
pause and consider. " B y their fruits ye
shaU know them," is tbe test our Saviour
would have us apply to institutions as well
as teachers. W h e n Cyrus W . Field pro-
posed to link this continent to Europe with
an electric wire, m a n y of his friends were
skeptical. H e had to encounter m a n y
chfficulties and record m a n y failures Even
after the cable had been laid, there was no
convincing proof that the enterprise was a
success till the electric fluid had flashed
along that buried wire, and then through
the air into Windsor Castle a message
from America to the Queen of Britain.
But now that the Atlantic has become one
great whispering gallery between the two
continents, no one will venture to question
the value and effectiveness of submarine
telegraphy. In like manner he is a bold
m a n w h o will not approve as of G o d an
agency that can point, as the direct result
of its institution to loyal bands of praying
youth, Ohristians quickened in the service
of God, and professors of religion, once
idle and silent, n o w active and eloquent in
the name of our King. A n d this the So-
ciety of Christian Endeavor can do.
Probably the success of this association
is in a large measure due to two things
that stand out 'with special prominence in
its pledge. Instead of enticing the young
away from the Church to set up a rival
establishment, it binds them to regard the
Church as the Divinely appointed institute
for the conversion and spiritual training of
men, and says: " Stay at h o m e and be
loyal to truth and duty there." A n d in
the second place, it binds to nothing but
what a Christian profession implies and
what every one w h o is received into the
membership of the Church ought to pledge
himself to before receiving the right hand
of fellowship, namely, to read the Bible
and pray every day, to wait on and sup-
port the ordinances of the Lord's house,
to work for Christ and exempUfy religion
in everyday life. Its four cardinal princi-
ples, personal devotion to Christ, denom-
inational loyalty, adherence to the local
church, and interdenominational feUow-
ship, seem to us to be thoroughly Script-
ural. A n d w e think it is easy to see, in
this world-'wide movement, the dawn of
the promised day w h e n shall be fulfiUedin
all the plenitude of its meaning the grand
assurance: " I wiU pom- water upon him
that is thirsty and floods upon the dry
ground. I will pour M y Spu-it upon thy
seed and M y blessing upon their offspring:
and they shall spring up as among the
grass, as willows by the water-courses.
O n e shall say I a m the Lord's; and an-
other shall call himself by the name of
Jacob; and another shall subscribe with
his hand unto the Lord, and surname him-
self by the n a m e of Israel."
'' There's a fount about to stream,
There's a light about to gleam,
There's a midnight darkness changing into day;'
Men of thought and men of action clear the way."
 Editorial Notes. 155

— A t the suggestion of the Board of Tarsus Mission. The money has been
Foreign Missions, Synod appointed a Spe- transferred to the Treasury.
cial Committee to consider the advisability — O n e dollar has been received through
of organizing a Presbytery in our Mission Rev. D. S. Paris from Bethel Oongrega-
fields. Their report was as follows: tion, Sparta, 111., towards the expenses of
Tour cominittee recommends— the Convention of Reformed Presbyterian
1. That the Syrian Commission be dis- to be held in Glasgow, Scotland, next sum-
solved and a Presbytery be organized, to mer. W e shall gladly receive other con-
be called the Presbytery of Syria. tributions, large or small, for this purpose,
and forward them to Dr. Kerr.
2. That this Presbytery shall include
Syria, Asia Minor and Cyprus, and shall — S o m e weeks ago, Mr. J. T. Mahaffy, of
consist of all our ordained missionaries in West Hebron, N. T., when forwarding re-
those countries, and an elder from each newal of his subscription to the Heeald oe
native congregation. Mission News, inclosed nineteen doUars
3. That in case a ministerial member of andfiftycents for the Mission in Syria.
the Board of Poreign Missions make a About the same time Miss M. Maben, of
visit to the foreign Missionfieldthis sum- Baltimore, Md., sent four doUars from the
mer, or, in case there be no representative Syrian Boys' Mission Band for the build-
from America, Dr. D. Metheny, our Senior ing in Suadia.
Missionary, be appointed to constitute the — T h e following additional contribu-
Presbytery, with prayer at such time and tions have been received from the ministers
in such place as will suit the convenience of the Church towards the salary of pas-
of the pastors. tors' missionary for a second year :
4. That the missionary organizations at Rev. T. H. Rusk $15 00
present existing or that may hereafter be St. Louis, Mo.
formed shall make the estimates of amounts " A. Kilpatrick 5 00
of money required for carrying on the Valencia, Pa.
work in their respectivefields,attend to —Since last report the following pay-
the expenditure of all moneys received ments have been received from the Elders
from this country and have charge of the of the church towards the salary of their
schools. missionary for a second year:
J. W . Speoull, Mr. W m . S. Toung $3 65
R. J. Geoege, " James Milligan 3 65
J. R. Latimee, " W. G.Adams 3 65
Wm. Peaece, " T. K. Semple 3 65
p. toheence, " S. 0. Patterson 3 65
Committee.
MiSSIONAEY Liteeatuee. — Reformed
—At Synod we were handed seven dol- Presbyterianism and Evangelization. By
lars from the L. M. S. of Wilkinsburg con- Rev. James Martin, M. A., M. D., Mis-
gregation for Miss Jennie B. Dodds, of sionary to Syria. Here is an effective re-
156 Editorial Notes.
ply to the frequent assertion that the
faithful maintenance of the principles of
the Covenanter Church is a barrier in the
way of successful evangelism. W h o is so
well qualified to prove the falsity of this
assertion as a missionary w h o is well k n o w n
in Britain and the United States as sternly
loyal to all that is distinctive in the Testi-
mony of our Church, and yet has been
honored of G o d to gather a congregation
of earnest Christians in Antioch, Syria?
W e cordially commend this admirable
Lecture to our readers.
Renewal ofthe Covenants, National and
Salem League ; a Confession of Sins ; an
Engagement to Duties, and a Testimony;
as they were carried on at Middle Octo-
casa in Pennsylvania, November 11,1743.
With an Introductory Preface by Rev.
W . M . Glasgo'w. In his introduction to
this valuable reprint the editor says : " T o
the Calvinistic system of principles and
the Presbyterian form of government, this
nation is largely indebted for its civil inde-
pendence and republican polity. John
Calvin and John K n o x are the real found-
ers of American liberties. Their teachings,
plainly deducible from the W o r d of God,
were disseminated by a persecuted remnant
of the Church of Scotland, and were gen-
erally incorporated in the structui-e of
American independence.'' Every one of
our readers ought to buy a copy of this
pamphlet for himself and another to give
away. It can be obtained from Rev. W .
M . Glasgow, 1201 Sixth avenue, Beaver
Falls, Pa., for 30 cents a copy, or ten
copies will be sent to one address, prepaid,
for $2.50.
Civil L a w and the Sabbath. B y Rev.
N . R. Johnston, Oakland, Cal. This is
the substance of an address delivered at
the Sabbath Convention in Oakland, Cal.)
April, 1895. It is well worthy of preserva-
tion, and w e are glad to bring it to the
notice of our readers, hoping in this way
to extend its circulation. Here is a para-
graph that our legislators would do well to
ponder: " Nowhere in the whole domain
of moral law does it belong to man to
m a k e law. This is the perogative of God
only. The voice of both prophet and
apostle is this : The Lord is our Lawgiver.
His will and His alone is supreme evei'y-
where. Let it not be said that the right
to make law is derived from the people.
G o d never gave it to them. They may
and should choose their o w n officers, for
government is the ordinance of man as
well as the ordinance of G o d ; but the
legislator's sphere is to discover what is
law, whence revealed, and then determine
h o w it should be enforced. Thus, he is;
first the servant of G o d and then the serv-.
ant of the people or of the State.''
A N e w P r o g r a m m e of Missions: A.
Movement to m a k e the Colleges in all
L a n d s Centers of Evangelization. B y
Luther D . Wishard. Witfi an Introduc-
tion by Rev. Bichard S. Storrs, D.D.,pp.
98. Price, 50 cents. This little volume is.
the record of personal observation. Tht,
author spent two or three years in visiting.
the loading Mission Stations in the world.,
that he might examine the work for him
self. This gives his book special value.
So impressive a statement of facts heard oi
witnessed dm-ing a tour of personal inveS'
tigation claims the prayerful attention of al
w h o have at heart the evangelization of th(
world.
Order from tbe Publishers, Flemmg H
Revell Company, N e w Tork, Chicago and
Toronto.
 mi

PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,

AUGUST, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 18G5.

O U R V I E W S O F MISSION W O R K .

THE INDIANS' FIRST COMMUNION.* terest and satisfaction a few extracts from
Hev. R. J. George, D. D., Allegheny, Pa. the children's reports of the preparatory
Having enjoyed the distinguished privi- sermons extending over several Sabbaths.
lege of witnessing the first communion These furnish the best reply to the ques-
season in the Indian Mission, I gladly com- tion, "Did the children understand what
ply 'with your request to write some ac- they were doing ?" Here is one on Con-
count of it for your Magazine. I feel at fessing Christ: "After Christ had gone
way to Heaven His Apostles went and tell
the outset how impossible it is to express
other people about what they know about
in words, or in any way to convey to others
Him. And a great many people heard
the impressions made upon m y mind by
about Him and were wanting Him to be
this remarkable occasion.
their friend. And so they got baptized,
For more than a year both the mission-
because that is the way H e want us to do
aries and the Indians had looked forward
when we want Him to be our friend. H e
to this event with feelings of deep anxiety.
does not want us to be His friends for a
As the time approached and the way
while and then stop doing wbat H e wants
seemed to be opening up for the dispensa-
us to do and do bad things. But H e wants
tion of sealing ordinances to those who
us to lay hold to the way of Christ all the
had believed and who desired to be bap-
time. W e ought to turn to Christ as soon
; tized, it became the absorbing topic. Wist-
as we learn a little of Him, and do what
^M, thoughtful, anxious faces looked up to
H e wants us to do right then."
the minister and teachers who were labor-
Here is one on Baptism: " When Jesus
ling to unfold the mystery of the holy sac-
was on the earth H e told his disciples to
f laments. N o one could listen unmoved
tell others about Him. And some of them
'I to the tender, yearning -words and fervent,
did believe what they said and were bap-
:| wrestling prayers of these devoted mission-
tized. W e wash our faces with water to
ifaries travailing for the birth of souls.
make them clean. And when we have the
:' Tour readers know that it is the custom in
water put on us it makes us think of Jesus'
: this Mission to have the children write out
blood. But it is the blood of Jesus that
on Monday what they can remember of the
makes our souls clean. Christ died instead
sermon. I am sure they will read with in-
of us that we may live. Jesus died to save
': * We are very much indehted to Prof. R. J, George, D,p., us. H e died just for His chUdren. W e
.for preparing at our revest this graphic sketch of tJieJvrst ought to love Him because H efirstloved
ifcommunion season in the Cache Creek Mission of the Be-
'fmned Presbyterian Church,
158 Our Views of Mission Work.

us. H e sees that w e walk straight in way. bath. This would take the Indians to Fort
W h e n we fall H e lift us up." SUl, twenty mUes from the Mission, and unfit
Here is one on the Lord's Supper: them for attendance. It was reported that
" The chUdren were working in Egypt and the " grass money " would be paid commun-
G o d wanted them to come out. But Pha- ion week. This would gather them to Ana-
raoh would not let them go. So G o d darko, thirty miles away, and tempt them
kiUed thefirst-bornin the land. A n d the to gambling and dissipation. A dear little
chUdren of Israel held a feast once in the Indian girl came to m y room and asked me
year. Jesus came to save us from sin and to to talk to her about the Lord's Supper.
set His people free. H e died on the Cross W h e n w e were about to kneel down, I said,
and His body was broken. And the m a n " W h a t do you want m e to pray for?"
put his spear in His side and the blood ran " Oh,'' she said, " pray that the grass money
out. A n d there was bread on the table, will not be paid this week to keep the In-
and H e broke it to show how His body was dians from coming to the communion."
broken. A n d when we drink out of the That petition, so strange atflrst,became
cup H e wanted us to think of His blood.'' familiar before the week was done, and the
Bear in mind these outlines were written " grass money'' had to wait.
from memory, the next day after the ser- Monday morning of communion week
mons were preached, in a limited time, and Mr. Carithers was forced to undertake a
by children not masters of the language. drive of sixty miles to protect the interests
They show how careful had been the in- of the Mission from the greed of a ranch-
struction given, and with what clearness of man. Such occurrences as these proved to
vision they looked through the sacramental be but the skirmish Une of the gathering
symbols to the thing signified. One little powers of darkness.
girl, when I asked her what is meant by U p tUl Friday but few of the Indians
baptism, answered, "It is Jesus' brand on from the camps had appeared. But when
us." She was famiUar with the branding w e came out of the chapel that afternoon
of horses and cattle with the mark of the w e were surprised to see that an Indian
owner. village had sprung up on the border of the
The way being thus carefully prepared, a Mission premises and fifteen or twenty
number expressed their desire to confess white tents were gUttering in the sunhght.
the name of Jesus and to receive the sacra- It was a thrilling sight to a stranger, and
mental seals. The Central Board, in con- the little band of God's children "thanked
nection with Kansas Presbytery, arranged G o d and took courage." The enemy was
for the services, and the time was set. discomfited but by no means defeated.
N o w the great adversary took alarm. About dusk Friday evening five Indian
H e saw that inroads upon his kingdom m e n gathered in Mr. Carithers' parlor.
were inevitable. I can only enumerate a Three of them were regarded as among
few of the "crafty devices" by which he those of the older Indians nearest to the
sought to defeat our plans. Kingdom of G o d and as possible candi-
The "beef issue" was announced to take dates for admission to the Church. They
place Saturday before the prepai-ation Sab- were parents or near kindred of chUdren
 Our Views of Mission Work.
who were expected to unite. The other
two were comparative strangers. It soon
transpired that n e w difficulties had arisen.
The word had been given out that those
who would be baptized would die. It was
confirmed by the fact that some of the
graduates from the Carlisle School had
died soon after their return to the camp
life. The Indians had become alarmed.
They feared to be baptized or to permit
their children to go forward. They wanted
to know if they could not walk the Bible
road without being baptized. Soon the
missionary was absorbed in an intense en-
deavor to dispel the dark, superstitious
fear from their benighted minds. T h e two
strangers proved to be interlopers, bent on
deterring the others from yielding to the
persuasions of the Gospel. Oh, what a
struggle foUowed! If these refused, all
the older Indians would be hindered. If
these forbade their chUdren to be baptized,
the other children might take alarm. W e
were on the eve of the communion season
so anxiously anticipated, and n o w it seemed
possible that not one would dare to come
out on the Lord's side.
Mrs. George and I had gone to our
room. There was a gentle rap; the door
was suddenly pushed back, and the mis-
sionary's noble wife looked at m e , her face
white with excitement, her eyes aglow with
her aroused spirit within. She spoke
quickly. " A great conflict is going on in
the parlor," she said; " it is the hour of
decision; pray! pray I " and she was gone.
She ran across to the Mission school build-
ing, where the teachers, and children, and
Father Carithers were, and s u m m o n e d
them all to prayer. T h e clash of battle
had come. The hosts of light had met the
hosts of darkness.
159
Nor was the prayer in vain. G o d de-
scended into the fight. A dark storm-
cloud suddenly gathered. The voice of
Majesty thundered in the heavens. Blind-
ingfiashesof lightning followed each other
in quick succession. In our shortsighted-
ness w e cried to G o d to hold back the storm
lest it should break up the interview in
the parlor. The two Indians w h o were
making trouble for the missionary took
fright at the approaching rain. The other
three and Mr. Carithers were too intensely
in earnest to take any notice to all that was
passing without—not one of them even
glanced out of the window. The other
two, seeking to excite and distract them,
kept exclaiming, " Big thunder! " " Heap
rain ! " and ran out on the porch; and ac-
tually becoming alarmed, they gathered
theu- blankets around them and scurried
away to their tents.
Oh, what a relief it was to get them sep-
arated from the other three! Left alone
with these, the missionary soon had them
on their knees, and the issue was carried to
the throne of the Eternal.
T o u expect m e to say that when they
rose from their knees it was decided. N o ;
these were Indians, and they simply said,
" W e wiU decide it to-morrow." They said,
" W e want to talk it over with our wives."
The missionary answered very calmly,
" That is all right; you should do that;
talk it over with your wives." Then they
said, "Let our children come out in the
morning, and w e will all decide together."
The missionary proposed to go out with
the children, but the Indians demurred,
and again he gave his assent to this, and
they turned away more deeply anxious
than they came.
Soon the house was quiet and w e were
160 Our Views of Mission Work.
all in bed, for the hour was late. W e were
just dropping asleep, when the front door
opened ; there was a step in the hall, and
Miss McBurney called up the stairs, " Mr.
Carithers, can I come up ? I have some-
thing to tell you, and I cannot wait till
morning." W e knew from the way her
voice ran on that something important
had occurred, and asked to be allowed to
come too. This is what sbe was saying:
After the Indians started for home, one of
tbem stopped at the Mission and called out
his son, and reminding him that being in
the school he knew far more about this
new way than they did, told him that he
would have to decide for himself, and also
for his father and mother—that they would
all do whatever he would decide. The boy
came in and told his " mamma," as they
call their teacher. " W h a t do you decide
then?" she said. " M a m m a , I wiU decide
it to-morrow." She asked if he could not
decide it to-night, and the poor boy said,
" Tes, m a m m a , if you will pray with me."
Teacher and scholar knelt together, and
again was heai-d the voice—
" Of children crying in the night —
Of children crying for the light."
After the prayer he gave his decision for
Jesus, and when he retired Miss McBurney
ran over with the glad news.
The girls in Miss Carithers' room sus-
pected that something unusual had oc-
curred, and sent their " m a m m a ' ' in to
inquire, and when she reported that
" Albert had decided for Jesus," one Uttle
girl said, " I never stopped praying at all—
I just kept right on." The adversary was
again discomfited, but he was not de-
feated.
Early in the day, Saturday, the word
went round that the superstitious dread of
death had decided the older Indians not to
be baptized, and that some of them would
not consent to the baptism of their chil-
dren. It awakened deep concern, but the
services went on as if nothing had hap-
pened.
Saturday afternoon was set for the re-
ception and baptism of the candidates. Mr.
Carithers constituted the court—his father,
Elder A. P. Carithers, of Sharon Congrega-
tion, and the writer, acting wit'n him. Eleven
Indian chUdren, all connected with the
Mission, came forward and asked to be
received. Mr. John Bull, who is in charge
of the Mission farm, and his daughter, and
M a y Carithers, came also. The examina-
tion was conducted at length and with
scrupulous care, and the children professed
their faith and m a d e their engagements by
raising their hands from time to time.
W h e n the motion was made and passed
that the examination be sustained and their
names enrolled, and that they be admitted
to the ordinances of baptism and the
Lord's Supper, a light of heavenly joy
swept over theu- dark faces, as if the arms
of Jesus had enfolded them.
Soon after the examination began, an
Indian entered, w h o m Mr. Carithers rec-
ognized at once and in-vited forward.
About forty orfiftyIndians were seated in
a group on the left of the piUpit, and in
the center was an empty chair, which this
m a n took. H e was a nobledooking man,
in the prime of life, richly dressed in fuU
Indian costume, blanket and all. H e list-
ened attentively to the examination of the
chUdren. At its close Mr. Carithers ad-
dressed him:
" Popowati, you were not in when we
began, and I invited those w h o wished to
unite with the Church to come forward."
 Our Views of Mission W o r k .
The Indian broke in, and explained h o w
he had lost his horses and could not get
there untU this time. This was the doing of
the Lord. In answer to the question, he
declared in the most decided tones his pur-
pose to confess Jesus and unite with the
Ohurch. I wish I could describe the ef-
fect df that answer. I think every Indian
moved in his chair, and the buzz and mur-
murs that ran round that circle showed
how deeply they were stirred.
On the other side faces were all aglow
and eyes swimming in tears. The mis-
sionary regained his control. Carefully,
, step by step, he went over the ground with
this man. Clear, emphatic, unwavering,
were the answers, and w h e n he rose calmly
and, separating himself from his compan-
ions, walked over to the other side and sat
down with the children waiting to be bap-
tized, the effect. was overwhelming. N o w
the adversary was ^indeed discomfited and
he was defeated.
It would be a vain attempt to describe
the baptismal scene that followed. The
candidates themselves were deeply moved.
The missionary and his wife and the three
teachers. Misses Kate McBurney, Alice
Carithers and Joanna Speer, all of w h o m had
labored so faithfully and so long, found the
joy of the ingathering almost more than they
could sustain. Again and again the voice
of the speaker failed, and the silence deep-
ened the solemnity, until the witnessing
angels must have vailed their faces with
their wings.
I must not describe in detail the scenes
of that wonderful C o m m u n i o n Sabbath.
Heavenly influences continued to work
Saturday evening and Sabbath morning,
so that four more Indians—the interpreter
and his wife and two boys from the school
161
—sought admission and were received. N o
one but those w h o were present will ever
k n o w the intensity of our feeUngs as w e
saw the communion table spread and cov-
ered with the sacramental elements. W e
knew from the experiences of the day be-
fore that our self-control would be tested
to the uttermost, and had said to one an-
other that w e must not give way. M r .
Carithers explained the words of Institu-
tion and read the warnings and invitations,
and gave the directions about going to the
table. The 24th Psalm seemed to have a
new meaning. I think I never heard such
rapturous singing. It had something of
the manner of responses, for one and an-
other of the leaders would be swept away
by the tide of feeling and drop out to re-
gain control, and then the other voices
would rise and swell to sustain the song.
I think I kept m y self-control until w e
reached the sixth verse, and I turned to be
seated at the head of the table, and m y eye
ran back along the procession advancing
to their places on each side as the words
rang out:
" For this is the people; yea, this is the race
Of those that in Jacob are seeking Thy face."
The vision was too much for me.
The communicants sitting at the table,
w e sang the Psalm through to the end.
The entrance of the " King of All Glory "
seemed as real as if with our bodily eyes
w e beheld His stately steppings. The
question, " W h o is King of Glory?"
seemed to be written on the astonished,
almost awe-stricken, faces of that group of
more than fifty older Indians, seated, as
before, on the left of the pulpit. Did the
missionaries recaU the fearful struggle
with the powers of darkness through which
this triumph had been won, that their
162 Items of Missionary InteUigence.

voices rang out with such an exultant
shout the response to the question :
"Jehovah the Strong,
Jehovah the Mighty, in war against wrong."
" Jehovah of Hosts, H e of Glory is King."
There were other incidents of the Sab-
bath evening and of Monday's services that
ought to be recorded, but m y letter is of
an unreasonable length. T h e older Indians
gathered on M o n d a y and stayed untU the
very last. They spoke well of the services
and said "it was aU good." I believe
that some of them turned their faces to-
ward the light, and wUl yet "walk with
H i m in white."
" On hill-tops sown a little corn.
Like Lebanon, with fruit shall bend,
N e w life the city shall adorn ;
She shall, like grass, grow and eztend."

ITEMS O F M I S S I O N A R Y INTELLIGENCE.

ABROAD. teachers, as he was accustomed to do at

h o m e in family worship. There has been
Latakia, Syria.—The following items quite an increase in the attendance at
are taken from a letter written by Miss Sabbath-school lately. Last Sabbath there
Mattie R. Wylie, of Latakia, on the 28th were nearly one hundred, besides the
of M a y : boarding pupils. S o m e were day pupUs,
School is nearing its close. W e have others outsiders. It takes a great effort
had very good health during the entire on the part of the teachers to get the day
year, though there bas been some sick- pupils to attend Sabbath morning. The
ness among our members. T h e little son pictures that have been so kindly sent m e
of our agent had a severe, protracted ill- are quite an attraction. They are also a
ness, which left a stiffness in his knees, and great help to Miss McNaughton, both in
w e fear that he will never be able to walk. teaching her class in Sabbath-school, and
One of our school servants lost a bright in teaching some of the littie ones on Sab-
Uttle boy in February, two years old, mak- bath evening.
ing the third boy in a year and a half. I have been able to make the acquaint-
W e have had m a n y things to try us and ance of several prominent Moslem women.
m a n y things to encourage us. O n e after- H o w I wish they would accept m y Saviour!
noon, in our women's prayer-meeting, the
leader for that afternoon was not there, Suadia, Syria.—The foUo'wing letter from
and the 'wife of one of the teachers led. Rev. J. Boggs D o d d s wiU be read with
She took for her subject the Sabbatb- interest:
school lesson of the week previous. T h e A custom has prevailed in this land dur-
way she explained it showed that it was ing the centuries of observing Easter with
studied at home. T h e little son of one of m u c h demonstration of so-called joy, vary-
our teachers often comes with his father to ing according to the notions of the people
teachers' meeting. T h e other evening he as to what is befitting: the occasion. Not
was quite proud to read his verse with the knowing the habits of the Greek Churoh
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
elsewhere, m y description of their celebra-
tion in Suadia m a y not accord with the
facts, or detaUs rather, in other places.
M y information is such as I a m able to
gather from the natives here. I have not
been an eye-witness.
O n Friday preceding " Easter Sunday"
(I would not say "Easter Sabbath" any
more than I would say " Sabbath saloon "),
on this " Good Friday '' the people all go
to the Greek Church, and among their
mummeries they bring out a sort of coffin
in which Jesus is supposed to lie dead"
They go around the church with great
weeping and lamentations, and wind up by
burying him.
Saturday he, of course, lies in the grave.
On Sabbath morning, bright and early,
every one w h o can possibly go repairs to
the church very early. A procession is
formed, at the head of which is carried a
picture of Christ. They come to the
church door, which is shut. They knock.
A voice within demands, " W h o ?'' They
outside answer with a great shout and
clamor, " T h e King of Glory!" A n d thus
they burlesque the twenty-fourth Psalm.
It so happens at times the crowd outside
don't wait for the door to be opened, but
they bm-st it in. They enter in great con-
fusion, and yell and howl and sing, beat
drums, blow horns andfifes,so that no
one can hear his o w n voice. It is simply
demonish. They even fired off theu- shot-
guns and blunderbusses in the church.
Many were very drunk, although no one is
aUowed to eat or drink until they have
taken the sacrament, whicb is celebrated
(?) in this fury of heU. But m a n y carry
bottles of spirits or wine with them, so
that as soon as they get the sacrament
they may drink immediately. Bottles were
163
shown, liquorflowed,heads got mad, blows
were exchanged in di-unken folly, until
m a n y became engaged in drunken brawls.
They spewed on thefloorsand discharged
firearms until it was like the inferno. All
day Sabbath there is feasting and drink-
ing, increasing as the liquor inflames, until
the holy night darkens about a scene of
wildest revelry and hideous debauch. M o n -
day is a continuation of the Sabbath.
T o this heathenish carousal the parents
of our school children demand that w e let
their children go. But it is our rule here
in Suadia not to let anyone go, and if they
rnn away, as they sometimes do, w e do
not receive them back again. W e have
succeeded pretty well in talking them out
of it. W e do not allow our teachers to go
to make calls, according to their former
custom. W e tell the people plainly h o w
wicked their rites are. The more intelli-
gent among them know that w e condemn
them justly.
I had to spend a good part of three days
patrolling our premises, in order to pre-
vent persons coming to the walls to per-
suade boys to run away, and to keep the
boys from doing so ; and, after all, three
boys and some girls got away. The gurls
came back when sent for, with one excep-
tion ; but the three boys w h o ran away
did not come back until the feast was over,
and then they were m u c h ashamed. They
come to the day-school, but have lost their
pri-vileges in the boarding-school, which
they feel greatly.
It would be impossible to describe the
entreaties, the abject begging of the peo-
ple, to let their children go and come again.
Then when entreaties seemed to fail, they
would getjuriously angry, and even make
threats, but finaUy go away. Since the
164 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

feast is over, they see that w e have gained I have taken a house for the summer on
a partial victory, their consciences witness-the mountain above Kerynia. It is a lovely
ing against themselves, and yet so depraved place and one of the best houses in the
are they that they smother conscience and whole island, with a garden and orchard of
rage against us, demanding by what right young trees and a large vineyard attached.
the Protestants come to destroy their cus- There is also a stable. Except for scarcity
toms. One strong accusation against us is of furniture w e will be more comfortably
that w e get no converts except such as w e fixed than w e have been since w e became
pay by giving employment. This has a missionaries. W e get all this comfort for
semblance of truth, since the large majority a pound a month. The place is probably
of oar members are employed by the Mis- a Uttle less than 2,000 feet above the sea.
sion or missionaries. Of course w e do not The sea being north of us and the moun-
care to employ any others when there are tains of Turkey iu view, w e hope to have
brethren who can do our work. They rage good air and good health.
and are mad, but so was Saul of Tarsus. The weather has become very hot during
God's grace can yet make Pauls. "Breth- the day in Nicosia and remains so much of
ren, pray for us.'' the night.
Cypeus.—Rev. R. J. Dodds, writing from The next letter from M r . Dodds was
Nicosia M a y 20, 1895. says : Testerday was written on the 7th of June at Quarantine
our fourth Sabbath for services here. The Station, Smyrna. H e had left the Island
attendance has regularly increased. Tes- one Wednesday morning to attend to some
terday forenoon w e had nearlyfifty,and business in Mersine, intending to return on
among them perhaps twenty Greeks. It Saturday evening. H e was detained, how-
was thefirsttime that w e have had Greeks ever, in this way, and did not expect to get
in the audience here. W e were glad, away for ten days.
though, to add Greek to the languages in Antioch, Syria.—We take the foUowing
which w e had previously spoken. 'Yester- paragraph from the Poreign ]\Iission Re-
d.'iy w e read the Soripture and spoke in port, presented uy Rev. Robert Dunlop to
four languages—English, Arabic, Turkish the Reformed Presbyterian Synod of Scot-
and Greek. In the afternoon there were land for 1895:
more than one hundred present, probably The colporteur goes around the towns
one hundred and twenty-five. The ma- and viUages reading- the Scripture and
jority were Greeks, though there were also conversing with the people about the
some Arabs and some Armenians present. Word, and selling copies of the Scripture
I feel that we must rent a room for our and good books and tracts, as opportunity
services. W e have hitherto held them in offers. In the Mission schools no advanced
the hall of Mr. Storey's house, which he secular education is given, but only what
kindly granted for that purpose. There m a y tend to promote missionary purposes,
ought really to be two workers here, I and no boarders are kept in the schools.
think, one among the Greek speaking peo- During the time that Dr. Martin has la-
ple and another among the Turkish and bored at Antioch and Idlib forty-seven
A.rabic speaking part of the population. members have been received into fellow-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
ship, not reckoning members received by
certificate from other churches or Missions.
But the number of members admitted,
where great strictness is observed in the
admission, does not furnish a complete es-
timate of the good done by the Mission.
Account must be taken of the large number
to w h o m the Gospel has been preached,
many of w h o m , from various causes that
we in this country cannot well understand,
do not join the actual membership of the
Mission congregation. Dr. Martin states
that, taking Antioch and Idlib together,
he has a congregation of over one hundred,
including the children of church members.
In addition, there are from twenty to
thirty adherents w h o give frequent attend-
ances upon the preaching of the Gospel.
The members give regular attendance at
the fellowship meeting, which, w e fear,
cannot truthfuUy be said of aU our m e m -
bers in the h o m e congregations.
Dr. and Mrs. Martin set out in Decem-
ber last on their return journey to Syria,
and reached Antioch in the month of Jan-
uary. O n the second day of the present
month a brief note was received from Dr.
Martin, making a short statement in rela-
tion to the affairs of the Mission since his
return. H e states that he has been able
to preach twice a week—once on Sabbath
and once on Thursday, besides conducting
a very brief service at the close of the
Sabbath evening fellowship meeting. The
audiences at the Sabbath ser-vices, which
had considerably decreased during the ab-
sence of the missionaries, are reported to
be steadUy growing. Mrs. Martin has
been diUgently prosecuting the house-to-
house Bible work, assisted by the Bible
woman, w h o also went her rounds during
Mrs. Martin's absence in the British Isles.
165
T h e number of w o m e n read to in their
homes during the past four months has
averaged forty-seven per week.
Naw Hebeides.—We clip the following
items from Quarterly Jottings for July:
N e w s has reached us from Santo (the
large island at the extreme north of the
N e w Hebrides) to thrill every heart.
Nearly two years ago two native teachers
and their wives were left at Belgaule—the
only Mission station on the mainland of
Santo—to encourage one another and hold
the station until a missionary could be
found to take the lonely charge. N o visit
was made, and nothing was heard of the
teachers until last December, when the
Rev. Fred Paton succeeded in crossing
over to the mainland of Santo from his
island, and w e string together the few facts
that have reached us concerning his visit.
O n landing he was met by twenty or
thirty dressed natives. But where were
the teachers? Presently a figure slowly
advanced to meet him, trembling with in-
tense excitement. It was the Teacher
Malas Nosingi. H e looked like a living
skeleton. Overcome with sheer joy, his
tongue could not utter a word. The silence
of the year of weary loneliness was at last
broken—a "missi" had come to see him.
Both missionary and teacher wept. W h e n
at length utterance returned, the poor fel-
low led the missionary to the house. His
wife lay sick and with an enormous swollen
knee. The other teacher (Malas Chariie)
and his wife were dead!—dead at their
posts from broken hearts. Sickness and
home-sick loneliness had killed them ! Mr.
Paton adds : " W e white people pride our-
selves on our civiUzation, but put any white
m a n in such a lonely place, and he, too.
166 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

might lose his reason. Unless w e want to and provisions on shore from the boats.
murder them, I fear it is not possible to W e went up to the Mission house, where
place teachers at a lonely out-station be- more clothed w o m e n and some m e n were
yond the constant help of a missionary." awaiting us. The house was in good con-
A n d what fruits were seen of the teach- dition, except that the white ant has got
ers' work ? Thirty dressed natives carries at theflooring,and some boards were as
Uttle meaning to our minds at home. But thin as paper. Never a missionary settled
it should be realized that a savage prides on the N e w Hebrides had such a welcome
himself on nudity as a badge of heathen- and encouraging start as the Mackenzies
ism. H e needs the courage of con-vietion have had. After nearly two hours on
to adopt dress. Persecution foUows; caste shore, w e left them alone to prosecute
is broken. The m a n w h o fears the mis- their course. The Lord bless and prosper
sionary's G o d wears the missionary's gift them abundantly!
of clothing. W a s it not, after all, an act of " I helped the younger Gordon to erect
spiritual import when our first parents hisfirsthouse or tent there, and what past
clothed themselves ? There are some les- associations flocked upon m y mind at every
sons that the heathen alone can teach us as step on the shore!"
they emerge from the darkness of native In a more recent letter. Dr. Paton writes
savagery. Besides this, the report runs, in regard to the W e s t Coast of Tanna,
" The teacher had done his work well. The where his son. Rev. Prank H . L. Paton,
premises were beautifully clean and every- M . A., expects to begin missionary work :
thing in good order. The natives had " Mr. B o y d and I went on shore, and I had
been honest. Everything that had been some conversation,first"with a lonely trader
left in the Mission house was still there. and his wife there, and afterwards "with a
Though sick and alone, the one teacher big Chief and some others. They are to
had kept up daily service and school, and consult with the surrounding Chiefs and
he and his dead colleague had done their see if all are agreed to have and protect a
best without a missionary to live for missionary living a m o n g them. They had
Jesus." only a few days before kUled and feasted
Rev. J. Mackenzie, who, with his wife, on a m a n and two w o m e n there! Two
gave themselves to the N e w Hebrides Mis- tribes are at war. I hope to go back, if
sion during Dr. J. G. Paton's tour in possible, and inquire more particularly into
Britain last year, have been settled at this the state of feeUng among the natives and
station on Santo. The veteran mission- as to the best location for a station. The
ary, w h o has been for some months among mass of the people live about 2J miles in-
his people on the Islands, had the joy of land. The Mission house would require
being with them at the time. H e writes: to be there. Mr. Watt thinks a shore house
"They had a cordial welcome. A large also would be necessary. The want of a
number of natives and of boys and girls good boat landing, if one cannot be found,
crowded on the beach—a few clothed, but will be the worst feature of the district.
many naked—^yet they were very friendly, The m e n are powerful, good looking fel-
and helped wUlingly to carry the furniture lows, and, if Christians, would make splen-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 167
did pioneers. Poor, dark Tanna has only energy. It is a notable fact that the con-
about 100 attending church yet, but the tributions from Fiji for Foreign Missions
work has got a footing a m o n g them. As in 1894 amounted to $24,500. This is a
yet no leading character of great influence large increase over the pre-vious year. The
has oome out boldly for Jesus Christ w h o natives not only give of their money but
might sway his fellow islanders. they give of their members. Ten trained
" T w o teachers from Aniwa—brought up teachers with their wives have volunteered
from boyhood by us—are alone in charge for service in N e w Guinea. They have
of Mr. Gray's station. H o w delighted w e already sent missionaries to other islands
were to meet once again. Poor things! of Polynesia. The church members are
they were without food, except cocoanuts, total abstainers, ^but the natives outside
so I got them a bag of rice from the ship. of the ehurch are being corrupted by
They were so grateful. T h e Lord sustain strong drink. A n interesting ceremony
and bless them in His service." occurred last autumn when Rev. Mr. Lang-
Fiji Islands.—We hear comparatively ham, a missionary for thirty-seven years,
little from these islands since the churches planted a mango tree on the ruins of an old
have become more and more independent heathen temple. W h e n that temple was
of foreign aid and direction. The popula- dedicated long ago, the old cannibal chief
tion of the group is about 122,000, and it was about to start on afightingexpedition,
is reported that, in 1893, no less than and he vowed to his god that if he returned
98,959 persons were attendants at the victorious he would offer in sacrifice a mis-
church of the Wesleyan Mission. A more sionary and one of the Christian converts.
recent report states that the church m e m - But the chief was slain, and his body was
bership, including those on trial, is nearly offered in sacrifice at another temple, and
40,000. Not only are the Sabbath congre- the convert w h o m he threatened to sacri-
gations large but the day-schools are well fice is still a local preacher, and stood by
attended. A writer in W o r k and Workers the side of M r . L a n g h a m as he planted this
in the Mission Field, the organ of the tree on the ruins of the old temple. Surely
English Wesleyan Missionary Society, the Gospel has had great triumphs in
says: " O n e secret of the success in the Fiji.—Missionary Herald.
Fiji Islands has been the attention given
from the beginning to elementary educa-
AT HOME.
tion. The church, the Sabbath-school, and New Alexandeia, Pa.—The Ladies' Mis-
the day-school are found in every village, sionary Society of N e w Alexandria Oon-
-with results that are obvious and ad- gregation desires to place on record a
mirable." During the last year Bibles to tribute of love and respect, and an expres-
the value of $2,000 were sold, and the cry sion of their deep sense of loss, in the
from every circuit was for more books. removal from amongst us of Mrs. G. M .
Orders for these books have been sent to Robb. She became a member of our society
England. There are in Fiji no less than soon after her husband became our pastor.
10,000 East Indian coolies, and missionary During these years her uniform character
work is carried on a m o n g them with m u c h was that of an earnest, active, generous.
168 Items of Missionary InteUigence.
and in every way a consistent follower of
the Saviour in w h o m she trusted. She
manifested a deep and firm attachment to
the principles of her profession, and was a
loyal supporter of missionary and reform
work, especially all such causes as have in
view the honor of the King of Kings. She
was a warm friend of the oppressed and
down-trodden. While w e miss her wise
counsel and inspiration, she has left us a
noble example. Our prayers shall go -with
her and our pastor, who was a loyal subject
to his King, and proclaimed the truth " as
it is in Jesus."
Mss. E. M. McClelland,
Mbs. j. a. Beattie,
Anna W. O'Beian,
Committee.
Philadelphia, Pa.—The Women's Mis-
sionary Society of the Second Reformed
Presbyterian Congregation record their
testimony to deceased sisters and co-work-
ers, Mrs. Mary Greaves, Miss Margaret
Crawford, and Mrs. Jessie Frazier. Their
love for the house of G o d and the ordi-
nances of Divine grace was plainly mani-
fested. Seldom were their seats vacant in
the sanctuary. W e miss their genial pres-
ence in our circle, yet w e rejoice in the
hope of meeting again.
'Wliereas G o d in His infinite wisdom has
called away our friends and co-workers,
therefore.
Resolved, that it is with sorrow and
regret w e pay this last tribute of respect to
the memory of our sisters w h o have been
removed from their labors among us. M a y
the memory of their patient, cheerful, un-
complaining Uves be blessed to each of us.
M a y we keep constantly in mind the Sa-
viour's command, " B e ye also ready."
Resolved, that in their deaths the Church
has lost faithful and devoted members, the
society kind and loving friends.
Resolved, that w e extend to the friends
of the deceased our fullest sympathy, and
pray that the Comforter m a y grant them
an abiding sense of His gracious presence.
Mes. R. j. Jamison,
Miss M a r y Sterrett,
Mrs. M. a. Peoples,
Committee.
Winchester, Kan.—The L. M. S. of Win-
chester Congregation held their anniver-
sary on 'Thursday evening. M a y 9, 1895.
The meeting was opened wdth devo-
tional exercises conducted by Mrs. D.
H. Coulter, President. Dr. R. J. George,
of Allegheny, Pa., gave the address of
the evening, which was very appro-
priate, and from which w e received a
great deal of encouragement. Mrs. George
also spoke at length, and gave some insight
into the working of the " Woman's Presby-
terial Society" of Pittsbm-gh Presbytery.
Our society received n e w inspiration from
the visit of Mrs. George, w h o met -with us
at a special meeting on Monday, the 13th,
after communion services. Our society has
an enroUment of forty-eight members, have
held twelve meetings during the year, 'with
an average attendance offifteenmembers.
T o increase our treasury w e gave an ice-
cream supper last June. O n e of our mem-
bers donated pieced blocks for one quUt,
which wasfinishedup by the society. W e
also sent a donation of clothing to the
Southern Mission. W e have received some
interesting letters from Christian workers
in the Foreign and Southern Mission
fields.
The Presbyterial circulating letters con-
 Monographs. 169

tinue to visit us with words of cheer and Anniversary collection $ 8 12

help. W e were also favored with a lecture Receipts of festival 43 90
and entertainment by Rev. Henry Easson. Personal donations 6 00
During the past year a number of interest- Receipts of lecture 20 35
ing papers on some Scripture subject have Other contributions 3 10
been read in our monthly meetings. Death
has not taken away any of our members. Total $176 84
for which w e are indebted to H i m from disbursements.
whom aU blessings flow. ^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^ ^^.^^.^^ _ ^^^0 0^
May w e enter upon the work ot another _ ..,-1 -icsr?
•'.,. ^,, ,, ., , . n Expenses of festival 15 57
year with increased strength and zeal to do -i^ . , , , , a .-v. -mt- n *c\
•' , , -, . -1 i. ; 1 Freight on box to Southern Miss. 2 40
more for those w h o are deprived of the -^^^^^^^^ ^^ g ^ j^j^t^j^^l 10 00
blessings of the Gospel ^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^ j^^^^^^ ^0 ^^
Mrs. M . M . Carson, ^^^^^ ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^j^^^^j^ ^^ 9^
Secretary.
Treasurer's Report eoe the Teae Ending Total $150 04
May, 1895. „^ „„
Balance 26 80
EEOEIPTS.
Balance from last report $40 07 Mes. Nannie A. Hutchison,
Monthly dues 55 30 Treasurer.
M O N O G R A P H S .

A TRIP TO DAMASCUS.
Latakia, Syria, May 25, 1895.
My Dear Friends : W e left Latakia Fri-
day morning (April 13th) and landed in
Beirut early Saturday morning. Sabbath
day we heard Dr. Herrick Johnston, of
Chicago, preach in the Protestant church.
It was communion Sabbath, and they had
the font and pulpit beautifully decorated
with large calla lUies and graceful vines.
They were thefirstoaUas I had seen since
I left America, and you can imagine what
an eye-feast I had. The same day an
American man-of-war, " The Marblehead,"
came into port. Monday we went on board,
but did not see the chief officers, as they
had gone ashore. One of the lieutenants
showed us over the vessel, and we enjoyed
it very much. It is a beautiful, neat little
vessel—all white and heavily armed.
Wednesday at 4.30 a. m. we left Beirut
for Damascus and put in a full day of it in
the DUigence. If it were not for the en-
trancing scenery it would be a long, tire-
some, hot journey, but the road is a fine
macadamized road, built by a French com-
pany, and it carried us over rocky heights,
through deep gorges, past streams of spark-
Ung water and over sunny plains covered
with greenest verdure. N o w we saw at a
distance mountains covered with whitest
170 Monograpjhs.
snow, and again w e were gazing upon pon-
derous rocks dotted with caves, or again
great stretches of bare red earth, and n o w
and then catching glimpses of the white;
dusty way that w e had left miles behind us.
Several hours from Beirut w e could stUl
gaze back and see tbat beautiful, aristocratic
city nestling on the shore of the Mediter-
ranean.
At last, near the close of evening, w e
reached the environs of Damascus, rode by
its blooming gardens, and along the banks
of the swift running Abana. Its windings
and ways seemed most intricate, and beau-
tiful, tall, silver-leaved poplars were grow-
ing right up from its very bed. But w e
were so tired and dusty that the most beau-
tiful sight of all, as w e drove up before the
Diligence office, was the beaming face of
our friend and host, Rev. Stewart Craw-
ford. H e put us into a carriage, looked
after our luggage, and soon we were rolling
on to be met at the end of our destination
by our long-lost companion and your well-
known friend, Mrs. McCarroll Crawford.
She was looking well and happy, and so
proud in the possession of two lovely chil-
dren.
W e were too tired to do anything but eat
a little and retire to rest. Did w e realize,
on awakening the next morning, that w e
were really in Damascus, one of the most
ancient cities—a city of the Bible, and the
place where Paul was converted ? It was
not tUl several days afterwards, anyway,
that w e viewed the place where Paul was
let down over the wall in a basket. I a m
sure there is nothing there now to prove
that to be the exact spot. It is not far
from the gates of the " street called
Straight."
W e soon visited the ruins of the Great
Mosque that was burnt last year. This
Mosque was once a Christian church before
it was taken by the Moslems, and it was a
heathen temple (Temple of Jupiter) before
it became a Christian church. O n e of the
massive doors, still standing, bears on its
face the C o m m u n i o n Cup. The other door
is completely destroyed by the fire. Be-
fore entering the sacred precincts w e had
to don soft slippers over our shoes so as
not to desecrate the holy ground with our
heathen feet. W e wandered through the
lower part and viewed the ruin and havoc
caused by the fire. It was indeed a sad
sight to see all that ancient art work so
completely ruined. Even if the work could
be reproduced, it would have lost its chief-
est charm, "antiqtuty." That can never,
never be replaced. Then w e went up into
one of the towers, or minarets, of the
Great Mosque and looked down upon a
great expanse of fiat-roofed mansions,
storerooms, khans and baths, with their
innumerable miniature domes, the "street
called Straight" roofed over for a great dis-
tance, and the old stone citadel, which was
since used as a prison, and in whose court
so m a n y Christians were massacred in 1860,
n o w being torn d o w n and the stones car-
ried away to the n e w Government barracks
outside of the city. The next day we
viewed the city from a spur of the Anti-
Lebanon range, from which it is said Ma-
homet looked d o w n upon -ts minarets and
domes towering above miles of fertile fields
and gardens, and the beautiful Abana
sending out rivulets and sparkling streams,
watering and giving to the vegetation a
charming freshness aud sweetness.
" M a n can have but one Paradise," he
said; " mine is above."
Damascus is thoroughly Oriental, its sit-
 Monograpfis. 171
uation charming and unique, and its street need a fortune. This thing and that is ad-
life fascinating. Indeed, the streets seem mired, then priced, and then—the end
a rendezvous for people of all ages and comes. This shopping consumes a vast
classes. Fine looking Turks in embroid- amount of time as well as money, because
ered costumes riding on beautiful Arab the Turk never asks what he expects to
steeds, w o m e n and girls in blazing cotton get, and seldom gets what he asks. The
gowns and stiff sUks, peddlers with their bazaars line both sides of the streets, and
wares and fabrics, hand carts laden with the latter, being roofed over, with open-
sweets, donkeys loaded with greens, vege- ings for air and light, it is delightfully cool
tables and oranges, beggars following bard and pleasant.
behind or sitting by the wayside, dogs The shops are tiny little boxes, with
lurking in every corner and lying in every three sides closed and open in front. The
hole, and vendors with glass bottles of shopkeeper sits on a Turkish rug in the
lemonade and colored drinks are seen at midst of his goods and tranquilly and
every turn. peacefully awaits customers and devel-
The bazaar streets are covered but not opments.
paved. P r o m the public square streets W h a t quantities of goods he seems to
branch off in all directions, crooked and have stored away in this small space! His
narrow and paved with irregular cobble supplies seem inexhaustible, and herein
stones that m a k e walking a wabble. lies one of the chiefest charms of the traf-
Our friends w h o have been li'ving there fic. H e actually seems to have hundreds
for years say they never get tired going of pounds of rich fabrics right at his hand.
through the streets and looking through O n e could spend days in one of these little
the bazaars. Life is so gay and varied and retreats looking at and admiring each and
pubUc. The carpenter and quilter are seen every little article.
at their work in the doorway, the dish- T h e houses of Damascus are built of
mender putting together broken pieces of m u d mixed with straw, and appear mean
china and glassware, the confectioner mak- and unattractive outside, but they are often
ing his cream pastry and iced drinks, even rich and magnificent within. Those m u d
the fine inlaid pearl work and dainty fili- walls contain m u c h that is luxurious and
gree in sUver can be seen in all its stages. grand. O p e n courts, flowing fountains,
The bazaars of Damascus are far-famed— flowering plants, marble pavements, gayly-
and no wonder! They set one almost wild ornamented and much-beflowered ceUings,
with their tempting display. Beautiful velvety rugs, inlaid tables and bureaus,
stuffs in silk and silver and gold; table and marble divans covered with rich fab-
covers, sofa pUlows, curtains, prayer rics from the market. But what I loved
rugs and scarfs. Also lovely old Persian most was the beautiful climbing yellow
rugs. roses—sueh large roses, and in such abun-
Then there is the vast variety in inlaid dance ! After all, nothing is so grand and
pearl, rare old china, curious coins, old true as nature's works. Theflowers,the
thes, and lovely knick-knacks in silver fili- rivulets, the hiUs—aW are His, and they
gree. H o w the m o n e yflies! O n e would all far excel the beautiful works of man's
172 Monographs.
hand. Then, best of all, we found and left
our kind friends there so well and enjoying
life and their work. Mr. and Mrs. Craw-
ford and the children and another dear
friend w h o m some of you know, well—
Miss Sara Lynd, sister to Rev. John Lynd,
of Belfast. She has charge of a Jewish
girls' school, and she has reason to be
proud of her work. W e were pleased and
delighted with the progress and attain-
ments of her little Jewish girls. W e shall
always look back upon our visit to Damas-
cus with pleasure and delight. Of the Great
Mosque w e brought away a dream of ruined
art and antiquity never to be displaced. Of
Damascus itself enough cannot be said—
words fail us. A n d of drives and walks
and " teas" and excursions with old and new
friends, there are memories that each day
but makes more precious. The days sped
on golden wings, and ere w e knew it w e
were taking leave of the dear, kind friends
that but a few days before w e had greeted
so eagerly.
W e reached home in all peace and safety,
and found the ones left behind all well and
doing well.
The next week Dr. Balph and Miss Dodds
left us for the home land, and w e are n o w
few in number and doubly busy.
The hot season has begun in earnest,
making us aU feel languid and listless;
but, nevertheless, w e are thankful that w e
have our health and are able to attend to
onr various occupations. I think the trip
did m e good, for I have felt so well since I
came home, and have not had a headache
since w e left Damascus.
Lest I weary you, for this time,
I remain yours most cordially,
Mary E. Stewart.
F O R T H E CHILDREN.
Kessab, Syria, May 13, 1895.
My Deae Little Friends : The bright
rosy light of morning is breaking over
Mount Cassius. A s I sit by m y window
watching the beautiful sight, m y thoughts
go back to some little boys and girls in
America, to w h o m I promised a letter. Tou
shall have one as soon as I reach home. I
a m n o w waiting for m y horse. I have a
long, long, tiresome ride before me. But
here comes m y horse and guide now, and I
must be off to Latakia.
3 p. m. finds m e once more at the Mis-
sion gate at Latakia, after a ten-hours ride
on horseback, in a hot, scorching Syrian
sun. Never fell swee'cer words upon m y
ear than the Arabic welcome (ahlan was-
ahlan) from A b o u Usef, our doorkeeper,
then by our teachers and the girls.
Once within m y o w n room I began a
search for a cool dress and sUppers, think-
ing to pass the remainder of the day rest-
ing and writing, when through the keyhole
came, " Miss McNaughton, Mrs. Stewart
wants you to come over and take tea with
the rest of the missionaries. It is Mr.
Stewart's birthday, and she is ha'ving a
surprise on him. T o u need not send him
word you are coming.'' " I'll be there," I
answered. F r o m the same came, "Tou're
also invited to a farewell meeting, to be
held after tea, in the first story of the
Boys' Building. It is a sm-prise on Dr.
Balph and Miss Dodds."
As I'll be busy the remainder of the even-
ing, I'll use m y resting time in telling you
about m y first visit to Suadia, whither I
was called by sickness in Dr, Moore's fam-
ily. The last part of m y visit was indeed a
very pleas'ant one.
 Monographs. 173

I had the pleasure of going with Miss proud kings and queens once lay in state.
Cunningham and her school to Saleucia. The carving upon these tombs is wondrous.
Saleucia is about ten mUes from Suadia. In our rambles we found two families liv-
Tou may think this a long distance to go ing in the tombs. W e were rude enough
on a picnic, but we did not think so. W e to peep into their queer dweUing-houses,
aU enjoyed it. The day was cool and pleas- and how surprised we were tofindevery-
ant. The girls rode donkeys, a large girl thing neat and cozy. When I was a little
and a small one on each donkey. Miss girl and read in the Bible about the lepers
Cunningham rode a sorrel horse and I rode coming out of the tombs, I thought them
a gray one. W e made a funny-looking pro- to be damp, musty places, but since I saw
cession 'with our horses, donkeys, and these tombs I can see how they could live
guides. there quite comfortably.
W e spent the forenoon in going through From the tombs we went down to Paul's
and examining the great aqueduct bmlt for Pier. As I stood on this old pier from
carrying water to the old city of Saleucia. which Paul sailed on hisfirstmissionary
What a grand sight this was ! Words fail journey, I imagined I could see this grand,
me. I cannot describe it. Wliile there I good man stepping on board the ship,
could only stand in awe and look. amid the scene of busy activity in life, and
'When we came back from our stroll quite leaving all behind to do a noble work.
a company had gathered to see us. Miss Old Sol now bids us hasten home. W e
Cunningham talked to them awhile, and obey him, but with the feeling we would
examined some of the patients. What like to stay longer in so interesting a spot.
sights they were! Sore eyes, noaes, arms W e all reached Suadia in safety.
and hands. The saddest sight of all was A few days after our picnic little Merle
that of a young girl. The flesh on her and Marie Moore, aged four and three
hand was rotting and falling off. Miss years, came rushing into m y room, with,
Cunningham did what she could for them, "Oh, Aunt Lizzie! Miss Cunningham and
and then dismissed the crowd. W e then papa are going to have a show, and you
ate our dinner under a large tree. W h U e must go to it." " But I don't go to shows,"
we were eating, a man came along with a I said. Merle said, " This is a real good
flock of goats. H e honored us with some kind of a show. They read, sing, pray,
fresh goat milk. The milking process was and look at pretty pictures." I went to
a novel one to me, as I had never seen a this "good kind of a show," and found
goat milked. I did not enjoy the warm between 190 and 200 people present.
goat milk. It had such a queer, salty After the devotional exercises Dr. Moore,
taste. Perhaps I'll learn to like it by and by means of a magic lantern, showed a
number of beautiful temperance and Script-
by-
After dinner we went to see the tombs. m e pictures. W h U e the audience was
These tombs are hewn out of the solid looking at the pictures. Miss Cunningham
rock, Uke Joseph's new tomb wherein our explained to them many verses from the
Saviour lay. The grandest tombs of all Bible, and taught them some lessons they
were those of the Saleucian Family, where will never forget.
174 Monographs.
Miss Cunningham is an attractive speak-
er, and has no trouble in keeping the close
attention of her audience. M a n y heard
the W o r d of G o d from that evening's en-
tertainment w h o would have heard it in no
other way.
Rev. J. Boggs Dodds preaches in Suadia
on every other Sabbath. Although he can-
not conduct the entire service in Arabic, he
does well, and the people are eager to catch
every word.
Tour friend,
Lizzie McNaughton.
THE LAST WORDS OF A GOOD MAN.
Shortly before his death Rev. Dr. A. J.
Gordon, of Boston, Mass., addressed a
pastoral letter to the members of his con-
gregation on completing twenty-five years
of labor among them. The pregnant
words with which it closes convey a mes-
sage that every Church should lay to heart:
"Forget not that yourfirstand principal
business as a disciple of Christ is to give
the Gospel to those who have it not. H e
who is not a missionary Christian will be a
missing Christian when the great day comes
for bestowing the rewards of service.
Therefore,
" Ask yom-self daily what the Lord would
have you do in connection with the work of
carrying the news of salvation to the per-
ishing millions. Search carefully whether
H e would have you go yourself to the
heathen if you have the youth and fitness
reqmred for the work. Or, if you cannot
go in person,
" Inquire dUigently what blood mortgage
there is upon your property in the interest
of Foreign Missions—how much you owe
to the heathen, because of what you owe to
Christ for redeeming you with His precious
blood. I warn you that it wUl go hard
with you when your Lord comes to reckon
with you if H e finds your wealth invested
in superfluous luxuries or hoarded up in
needless accumulations, instead of being
sacredly devoted to giving the Gospel to the
lost.
" But remember that consecrated giving
will be impossible unless there befirsta
consecrated giver. Therefore I counsel
you to seek the special grace and anointing
of the Holy Spirit, that H e may work in
you that consecration of heart and Hfe on
which so much depends."
AFTER MANT DATS.
Dr. J. G. Paton teUs an affecting story
of a visit to a neglected island in the Pa-
cific, where he found, to his amazement,
though no missionary had ever been sent
there, there was a sort of Sabbath-keeping.
T w o old men, w h o had very Uttle knowl-
edge of the truths of the Gospel, were
keeping track of the days, and on the first
day of each week they laid aside ordinary
work, put on a calico shirt kept for the pur-
pose, and sat down to talk to those whom
they could call about them. In a simple
way they recited the outlines of a wonder-
ful story they had once heard about one
Jesus. Dr. Paton inquired where they had
learned this truth, and they answered that
long before a missionary had -visited the
island for a week or two, and had given
them each a shirt, and told them something
of this story of Jesus. H e asked if they
could remember the name, and they said,
"Tes, it was Paton." Thirty-three years
before he had, in his evangelistic tours,
stopped at this island for a few days, and
here, so long after, was the fruit. The cal-
ico shirt had been worn but once a week.
 Monographs.
carefully preserved for the Lord's Day, and
the only w a y to keep the day which they
knew was to meet others and tell them
what they could remember of the wonder-
ful story. W h a t shall Christian disciples
say at the great day with regard to the
shameful neglect of perishing millions ? —
Intelligencer.
OPIUM IN CHINA.
W e in China consider that opium smok-
ing is an obstacle to the advancement of
the Church of Christ. It is a vice, and in
China, from the officials do-wn to the peas-
ant, there is not one w h o has any good
word to say for it. I have read m u c h since
m y coming to your country about the
reports of the O p i u m Commission. But
they have been speaking of the question,
lea'ving the opinions of the Chinese out
altogether. They have been playing
" Hamlet," but they have left Hamlet out
entirely. I could give you the opinion of
our Commissioner in 1893, the opinion of
our Prime Minister in his letter to the Sec-
retary of the Society for the Suppression
of the Opium Trade, the opinion of the
heads of various hospitals, the opinion of
the Japanese, w h o have a law that the
smoker of opium shall be punished and
imprisoned—all of w h o m are strongly
opposed to opium smoking. Then, again,
our Chinese Christians, to the number of
40,000, have repeatedly sent petitions to
your country, praying that you should stop
the exportation of opium from India to
China. I have, moreover, in m y hand
nine pamphlets written by non-Christian
people in China, all of w h o m condemn the
evUs of opium smoking, and exhort the
people to abstain from it. Then, again, you
have the information in the newspapers
175
this morning thatfifteenBritish nussion-
aries, w h o have been resident in China for
over twenty-five years, advocate that the
use of opium should be restricted to medi-
cine only.
This evil must be removed, this rough
road must be made smooth, this hill must
be leveled in preparation for the coming
of the Gospel more and more into m y
country. A n d in preventing this evil I beg
of you to note that Great Britain must
take thefirststep. A n d why? Because
the cultivation of opium in our country is
growing more and more every year, and
will increase unless the trade is suppressed.
Our Prime Minister says that if England
suppresses this trade, our officials in China
-will endeavor to stop its growth in our
country. I beseech of you. Christian
brothers, for the sake of Christ, and His
Church, and the Gospel, and for the sake
of m y poor people, that you will use your
efforts to suppress this opium traffic. Our
40,000 Chinese Christians are endeavoring
to bring about many social reforms, and a
reform in the opium trade is one of the
first to which they are putting their hands.
Another fact is that the suppression of
the opium traffic will raise the honor of
England before our eyes in a manner which
you cannot conceive of. I think that by
suppression of this trade you will show
that there is no moral system like that of
Christianity, and by so doing Christianity
will get an impetus which it has never
received since the day it came to our
country in 1807; because, if people know
that your moraUty is higher and nobler
than our Confucian phUosophy, they must
come to the conviction that Christianity,
upon which it is founded, is a greater and
nobler religion than Confucianisno. W i U
you not help our country, our officials, our
famUies, and the Christian m e n and w o m e n
of m y country, to get rid of this terrible
evil ? — F r o m a speech by the Rev. Y u n g
E i u n g Yen, in England.
176 Monographs.

T H E F U T U R E IN CHINA. " M a y I ask one question ?" the preacher

The Rev. Dr. Griffith John, the distin- said, and with consent he asked: " Did you
guished English missionary to China, ever blister your feet in the service of your
writes to England as follows: Redeemer ?" A scornful look and a hasty
" W e are, I confidently believe, on the retreat was the result. A bystander and
eve of very marvelous developments in mutual friend remarked that the question
China. T h e old civUization is about to was faithful, though rather severe. The
two wondered what would come of it.
break up, and a n e w order of things is at
For several days the lady avoided her
our doors. Should it be m y privilege to be friends, and in fact was invisible. Nearly
at h o m e in 1896, and able to declare that a week passed. Then followed an interview
the whole of China, not excepting Honan, at the request of the offended lady, who
was really and truly open, and that the with real distress confessed that, although
gates of Thibet were no longer shut, it angry at the preacher's question, she had
been unable to justify herself, nor had sleep
would indeed be intense gladness to me.
been possible since the morning of her con-
"This war is going to be a source of fusion. " G o d has forgiven me," she said.
great blessing to China. It is an awful " I come to ask your pardon, and that you
chastisement; but China needed it, and wUl tell m e h o w I can blister m y feet in the
wUl be all the better for it. G o d is deal- service of Christ. I a m ready to do it now,
ing with nations in His o w n way, and I for and before I do anything else; I want to
one a m looking to the future with bound- do it very m u c h indeed; I want to make
myself weary in His service. I wUl do
less hope. anything to atone for the waste and folly of
" B e prepared, m y friends, for the n e wthe past. It has been so heartless of me."
era in the Par East. Tour missionaries —Medical Missionary Record.
are doing a noble work in the North, but " THE SECRET OF THT PRESENCE."
believe me, you will soon have a louder call The Rev. J. Annand, of Tangoa, princi-
from China, and you will have to obey, pal of the Native Teachers' Training Insti-
financial difficulties notwithstanding. T o u tute, in the N e w Hebrides, has had his life
will have to enlarge the place of your in great danger from the treachery of the
tents."—Quarterly Message. natives. H e had gone from his little isl-
and to the mainland of Santo and walked
"TELL ME HOW I CAN BLISTER inland. In passing along his experienced
M T FEET." eye detected certain ominous signs which
made him fear mischief, and, as a matter of
A preacher, whose name is well known precaution, he decided to walk another way
throughout the United States, in walking back to the shore. Such prudence was
the length of the hotel piazza at a summer surely of the Lord. H e discovered after-
watering place, met a lady friend hastening ward that a plot had been laid to murder
toward the breakfast room. It was late in him, and that the murderers had formed
an ambuscade on the path along which he
the morning. A casual remark of the gen-
would in ordinary course have retm-ned.
tleman as to the lateness of the hour for " The angel of the Lord encampeth round
breakfast led to the following reply: " I about thera that fear H i m and delivereth
a m late because I was tired. I danced last them." O u r hearts are full of praise for
night until I blistered m y feet." this n e w evidence of God's loving care of
His servants.—Quarterly Jottings.
 Editorial Notes. 177

EDITORIAL NOTES.

It is expected that the Board of Poreign their mothers faded to use a persuader to
Missions, will, at its next meeting, formally obedience with the diligence and energy
appoint Rev. Elmer McBurney and Rev. A. demanded by effective family discipline.
I. Robb, of Bovina, N . T., missionaries to M e n or w o m e n w h o are not willing to pay
China. A n d arrangements will be made for fifty cents a year for a distinctively mis-
their departure at as early a date as prac- sionary magazine do not care to know any-
ticable. The Churches should be earnest thing about the evangelistic operations of
in prayer for these brethren that they m a y the Church, and it is " love's labor lost "
receive a fresh enduement of spiritual for anyone to send it to them.
power and be thoroughly qualified for work
to which they have consecrated their en- —The story of "The Indians' First
ergies. Communion " will challenge the attention
and move the heart of every reader. Prof.
— T h e r e are onfilein the office of the George, w h o was present and took part in
Heeald of Mission News the names of the solemn services, has drawn a vivid
thirty-four subscribers, presumably m e m - picture of the Sabbath scenes, as well as of
bers of the Reformed Presbyterian Church, the touching and impressive incidents that
to w h o m was sent, some months ago, the prepared the way for it. The 26th of M a y
following notice: will be a red-letter day in the history of
H E R A L D O P MISSION N E W S . Cache Creek Mission. Por the favor shown
our beloved missionary and his devoted
Teems : Fifty Cents a Teae.
Five Cents a Copy. associates every heart should be full of
praise to the exalted Redeemer and Head
AU Avails, after meeting cost of produc-
of the Church, and at the same time un-
tion, devoted to Mission work.
ceasing in prayer that the young Indian
Dear Friend : converts w h o that day so boldly and joy-
D o you know that your subscription ex- ously avowed themselves on the Lord's
pired December, 1893? Please remit at side, m a y be kept in His power through
once for the year ended December, 1894, faith unto salvation. It is the Lord's do-
and notify m e if you wish the magazine for ing, and marvelous in our eyes.
another year. If you attend to this matter,
I shall esteem it a favor, and you will help —Letters from Syria intimate that when
the cause of Missions. Dr. Balph and Miss WiUia Dodds were
Tours faithfully, about to leave the Mission in M a y for a
R. M . Somm.erville. visit to this country, everyone seemed anx-
As no reply has been received to this re- ious to show in one way and another his love
quest, w e are led to infer either that these for them. " T w o of the teachers," writes
thirty-four subscribers were left orphans Miss Mattie R. Wylie, "gave entertain-
at a very early age, and so missed the ad- ments, inviting all the members of the con-
vantage of good h o m e training, or that gregation, w h U e our old friend, Mrs. Fahedy,
178 Editorial Notes.

provided a grand dinner. T o show that work before the people, and often sends us
their kindness was appreciated. Miss Dodds money that has been handed to him at the
invited the teachers and their famiUes to close of his lectures. Very recently we
spend an evening at Dr. Balph's, where all received through him the following contri-
seemed to enjoy themselves. Before sep- butions, which have been forwarded to the
arating a portion of Scripture was read by Treasury:
one of the licentiates, and Mr. Stewart led A freewill offering from Almonte
in prayer, the whole company then uniting Congregation, Canada $10 00
in a song of praise." Only two days be- Mr. James N. Bowes, a m e m b e r of
fore the departure of the home-coming the same congregation 10 00
missionaries Mrs. Stewart invited the Mrs. Rae. of Lisbon Congregation,
whole Protestant community to meet them. N. T. (to be speciaUy applied to
" That there might be plenty of room, she Boarding school work in La-
cleared out some of the school-rooms and takia) 5 00
fitted them up with furniture from their
— A young man, a m e m b e r of Second
o w n home. The rooms were decorated
N e w Tork, gave us, early in June, a ninth
with plants, palm branches and our na-
semi-annual offering of fifty doUars to-
tional colors. The people were made to
wards the work in Suadia. About the same
feel at home, and Mrs. Stewart was reward-
time, a mother in Israel belonging to the
ed for all her trouble by seeing them enjoy
same congregation sent us a five-dollar
themselves. At the close of the evening
gold piece, as she had done in former years,
several very affecting farewell speeches
'with the request that it be used for mis-
were made, and w e separated after prayer
sionary purposes anywhere. It has been
and praise, many of us asking ourselves
paid into the Treasury for the work in
the question: W h a t will occur before w e
Cyprus.
are all together again ?" It is peculiarly
gratifying to have the testimony of such — A few weeks ago w e received from
simple incidents as these that the hearts Mrs. E U a T. Robb, of B o v m a Center, N. T.,
of the little band of Christian workers in a P. 0. order for sixteen dollars and fifty
Latakia are firmly knit together in love, cents, to pay for ten sets of the Life of John
and that the manner of their life is calcu- G. Paton, the balance of one dollar and
lated, under the blessing of God, to im- fifty cents to be applied to Poreign Mission
press the community in favor of Chris- work. The request has been complied
tianity. with.
— The foregoing are examples of libe-
—Among the loyal friends of the Foreign rality that others might imitate to their
Missions is Rev. Henry Easson, who spent spiritual advantage. It was an inspiring
so many years of his life m Syria, where he hour, when, at the recent meeting of the
is yet greatly beloved, having left behind General Assembly of the Presbyterian
him on returning to this country the savor Church, Dr. Gillespie, in the course of a
of a consecrated life. Wherever Mr. Eas- thriUing address, referred to the fact that
son goes he keeps the claims of missionary a young graduate of the Western Theo-
 Editorial Notes. 179

logical Seminary stood ready, with his be- gow, June, 1896. W e shall be glad to hear
trothed, to go to Africa and take up the from other congregations or individuals at
work of Rev. A. C. Good, w h o fell at his an earlygdate. There are expenses con-
post a few months ago. T h e Secretary nected -with this movement that must be
said: "I blow the trumpet and ask the met, and the money needed for this pur-
ladies of Pittsburg whether they will let pose should be in the hands of Dr. Kerr,
the sun set to-day with the money uncon- Chairman of the Executive Committee, as
tributed which this young couple, your soon as possible.
children, need for their salary for a year."
The money was raised then and there, com- —At the closing meeting of the Christian
ing in by handfuls, until in a few minutes Endeavor Convention in Boston, Mass.,
there was on the table a fund of two thou- July 15, 1895, the following platform of
sand dollars. Our Board, too, has applica- principles was read and adopted. It is
tions from young m e n w h o desire to preach hoped that every member of that great so-
the Gospel in the regions beyond, and w e ciety will never lose sight of these princi-
could wish that m a n y might be stirred by ples, and never permit himself to be influ-
this incident to furnish the means needed enced by any worldly consideration to for-
to send them out. get the solemn covenant obligations im-
— Since last report w e have received the plied in the pledge to which he has volun-
following contributions towards the salary tarily signed his name:
of the T o u n g Women's Missionary for a " W e reaffirm our adherence to the fol-
lowing principles which, under God's
third year:
blessing, have made the Christian E n -
Miss Bessie S. Scott $3 65
deavor movement what it is to-day.
Venice, Pa.
" First: Personal devotion to Jesus
Miss Marie P. Mackeown (deceased).. 5 20
Christ.
The young w o m e n w h o have not yet paid '•'•Second: The covenant obligation em-
the third installment on their pledge are bodied in the prayer-meeting pledge.
reminded that the salary will be due in " Third: Constant religious training for
September. all kinds of service involved in the various
— S o m e of our young readers, w h o con- committees.
tributed something towards the new Day- " Fourth: Strenuous loyalty to the local
spring, for which Dr. J. G. Paton solicited church and denomination with which each
funds while in America two years ago, will society is connected.
be glad to know that the vessel is to be " Fifth: W e reaffirm our increasing con-
completed and ready for service about the fidence in the interdenominational, spirit-
15th of August. ual fellowship, through which we hope, not
— B o v i n a Congregation has sent to this for organic union,but to fulfill our Lord's
office, through Elder T. D. Russell, of prayer, ' that they all may be one.'
Delhi, N. T., three dollars toward the ex- " Sixth . Christian Endeavor stands al-
penses of the Convention of the Reformed ways and everywhere for Christian citizen-
Presbyterian Churches, to be held in Glas- ship, and it is forever opposed to the sa-
180 Editorial Notes.

loon, the gambling den, the brothel and and ecclesiastical independence of Great
every like iniquity; it stands for temper- Britain, at Octorara, Pa. T h o m a s Jeffer-
ance, for law, for order, for Sabbath-keep- son acknowledged his indebtedness to their
ing, for a pure political atmosphere—in a sentiments in framing the National Declar-
word, for righteousness. ation. T h e proceedings were printed at
" Seventh: That all moneys gathered by the time by Benjamin Franklin, but soon
the various societies of Christian Endeavor became extant. Recently a copy has been
for the cause of Missions be always sent to found in a library in Philadelphia, and the
the missionary boards of the special de- subscriber has re-published it in a neat
nomination to which the particular society pamphlet of forty - three finely printed
belongs. pages. T h e edition is limited and another
" Eighth : Christian Endeavor has for m a y never be issued. This document is of
its ultimate aim a purpose no less wide and great value to all Covenanters, and of in-
lofty than the bringing of the world to tense interest to the whole Presbyterian
Christ. Hence it is an organization in- family of Churches.
tensely evangelistic and missionary." Single copies, postpaid, 30 cents. Ten
copies, or more, to one address, 25 cents
N O W READT. each. Order at once to insure its posses-
A EARE HISTOEICAL DOCUMENT. sion.
In 1743, the Covenanting Presbyterians, W. M. Glasgow,
with uplifted swords, declared their civil 1201 Sixth Ave., Beaver FaUs, Pa.

NINTH ANNUAL REPORT OF

N l R s . J A S . R. i M c K E E , T r e a s u r e r
OP THB

loiiien'§ Mlssionarij Socletif of P i t t s b u r g h Pieslijterjj,

Receipts a n d Disbursements for the year beginning April 18,

1 8 9 4 , a n d ending April 13, 189S.
RECEIPTS.
1894. Balance per lasb report $698.72
April 18, A. M. MiUigan Memorial Band, per Marg't Sloan g 35.00
May 3, J. E. McBurney
30.00
7, J. B. Mclvee Miasion Band, per Morton Boyd
6.00
" 25, Children's Mission Band, Allegheny, per Paul Coleman 7.50
July 11, By order of Convention
Oot. 4, Interest 43.00
1895. L. M. S., Wilkinsburg, per M. S. Gibson, on aoo't 50.00
Jan. a, Eighth St., Pgh., per Mrs. T. H. Boyd, on aco't. 150.00
7, " Geneva, per Mrs. W m . Garrett 51.40
Feb.
" 14, " Eehoboth, per Mrs. J. A. White 15.00
Parnassus, per Amanda Anderson 30.00
Feb. 4, L. M. S., Millers Eun, per Mrs. J. H. McBurney 5 42.75
6, . " Ne-w Castle, per Mrs. Matilda McClelland 5.00
7, Children's Band, Parnassus, per Cora Allan 3.50
18, Mrs. M. B. McKee, Clarinda, la , 50.00
23, L. M. S., Union, per Maggie Sproull 10.00
25, " Ne-w Alexandria, per Mary A. C. Sha-w 50.00
Mch. 12, " East End, i gh., per S. J. Shorts 20.00
April 1, " Wilkinsburg, per Mollie H. Gibson, Bal 50.00
4, " Central Allegheny, per Mrs. C. W . Ne-well 50.00
5, " Ne-w GalUee, per J. W . Mitchel 10.00
6, " Eighth St., Pgh., per Mrs. T. H. Boyd, Bal 50.00
8, " Allegheny, per Nannie Ewing 135.00
8, Mission Band, N e w Galilee, per Maud McAnlis 5.00
9, L.M. S., Beaver Falls, per Jno. B. Dodds, Tr 61.50
9,T.L.M.S., " " " " " " 25.00
10, L. M. S., Allegheny, per Mrs. W . J, Coleman 3.00
10, Children's Band, AUegheny, per Mrs. W . J. Coleman 8JSS
Total receipts DISBURSEMENTS. $1,0.33.96
May 2, 1894, ToMissthis add balance
Speer, Salary inonfull
handto April 16,1894
M a y 1st $25.00 598.72
June 7, " Total " " " " " June 1st 25.00 $1,632 68
July 5, " " " " " " July 1st 25.00
Oct. 2, " •• " Oct.lst 25.00
Nov. 1, ' " " " Nov. 1st 35.00
Dec. 3, " " " " " Dec. 1st, 25.00
Jan. 3,1895, " " " " " Jan. 1st 25.00
Feb. 6, " " " " " " Feb. 1st 25.00
" 38, " " " " ' " Mch. 1st 25.00
April 1, " ' " " " " AprU 1st 25.00
Total « 250.00
July 5 1694 Jno. T. Morton, Treas., account Salary Eev. W . W . Carithers $400.00
Jan. 3,1895, ' " ' " " 100.00 600.00
Feb. 7, " " " " " Balance " " " " • 10000
For year ending Feb. 1,1895
Mch 6 1895 Jno TotalT Morton Tr., acct. Sal. Eev. W . W . Carithers, for year commencing Feb. 1, 1895... 200.00
1,350.00
AprU lo; " 'Total" • expenditures
"' " " " " " " " ' ^"O'OO
Balance on hand AprU 13, 1895. 282.68
Total -^^^
CONTIWCENT FUND.
Receipts.
April 18, 1894, Balance per report. S .17
May 24, " CoUeotion at WUkinsburg meeting.. 16.80
Mch. 22, 1895, L. M. S., Millers Eun, per Mrs. McBurney 1.40
AprU 8, " " AUegheny, per Nannie Swing 3.65
" 9, " '• Eighth St., Pgh., per Mrs. T. H. Boyd -^Jz
Total
Es^ipenditTires.
ffi 3 00
June 10,1894, Miss Mary M. Henning, postage • "'
.. jQ u .. .c " " printing programmes and envelopes 4-'»
Aug. 16,' " Eev. B. M. SommervUle, printing statistical report 5.00
Feb. 7,'1895, Mrs. E. C. Wylie, printing new constitution "glB^
Total expenditures g'g^
Balance '.f.'.'''ff. $23'52
Total ^ = ^
 The Treasurer also wishes to acknowledge the thank-offering taken M a y 34, 1894, at the
meeting held in Wilkinsburg.
FOREIGN MISSION.
L. M. S., WUkinsbm-g S 3.50
N e w Castle, Eeading-rom, Latakia $ 4.25
Latakia a-OO
1.50
" Industrial School, Latakia 100 8.75
LittleBeaver 12.60
Eehoboth 3.00
Millers Eun, repair Suadea Building 11.00
" 25.00
" Cyprus 4.0Q 40.00
Eighth St., Pgh., repair Missionary dweUing, Suadea 10.00
" Syria 1.00 11.00
BeaverFalls l.SO
" Central Allegheny 10.00
Union 11.00
" Geneva .50
Slippery Eock, Suadea -. 1.75
" East End, repair Missionary dweUing, Snadea 5.00
" AUegheny, " " " "
" " Suadea
" Cyprus
" Adana
N o name, Suadea 1.00
Euth M. George, Ida Edgar, Memorial Adana Mission .50
Indian Mission Children, for buying Bibles for Children in Syria 21.07
Eev. W . W . Carithers and wife 10.00
One-fifth amount not specified 8.82
Total S188.19
DOMESTIC MISSION.
L. M. S., Wilkinsburg $ 11,60
N e w Castle, Kansas City Church 8 2.45
" " " Denver Church 1.66 4.01
Millers Eun, Topeka " 86.OO
Eehoboth" , g qO 3.00 9.00
Union
Millers Eun 18 00 1.60
" Union Bast End 8 00 Parnassus 1.26
.50
Allegheny,
Geneva Seattle Churoh 2 60 Allegheny 67.26
6.00
Y. L. M. SUppery
S., Beaver Palls, Seattle Churoh
Eook.... 6,60 Total 1.00
$12.60
Eev. W ,. WBastCarithers
. Carithers
End and and wife
wife looo
g 50 ^' •^' ®" ^"^ ^^^^^^ 10.00^'0°
One-fifth Allegheny
amount not specified ^'^^ TESTIMONY
r^^ifv^'^T''^''"' 4'oo BEARING. NATIONAL REFORM 8.82
Total
A. M. MUhgan Memorial Mission Band 4.00 L. M. S., N e w Castle SU4.43
$5.60
SOUTHERN
One-hfth amountMISSION.
not specified PRESBYTERY'S 8.82 HOME MISSION.
Y. L. M. S., BeaverFalls 50
L. M. Tota!
S., Wilkinsburg j B 25 L. M.Total
$101.67 S., Wilkinsburg $ 8.75
$5.60
Newcastle Ig 40 Misses J. and E. Kelley 25.00
N e w Alexandria 20.00 Total $33.75
H O M E MISSION.
L. M. S., Wilkinsburg $ 7.00
 NEW CHINESE M I S S I O N . M. E. McFarland, Bear Eun $ .50
Y. L. M. S., Beaver PaUs $3.00 B. M. George 2.OO
CHINESE MISSION. 1.60
Children's Mission Band, AUegheny
L. M. S., Slippery Rock $1.50 1.80
" " Geneva
Eev. W . W . Carithers aud wife lO.oo .30
Maggie B. Boals
One-flfth amount not specified g 82
$30.32 1.00
N o uame
Total PATTERSON HEIGHTS. .25
L. M. S., Eose Point
Children's Band, Beaver Falls 1.70 One-flfth amount not specifled
INDIAN MISSION. Total $61.18
L. M. S.. Wilkinsburg $1.50 SPRING GARDEN MISSION.
Eehoboth g.OO L. M. S., Central AUegheny $10.00
MiUers Eun 8.00 OLD PEOPLE'S HOME.
Geneva FaUs
Beaver 10.75 3.25
Slippery Eock L. M. S., Geneva ga.oo
1.00
Allegheny TO BE DESIGNATED LATER.
1.25
N e w Castle Eev. and Mrs. E. J. George, Beaver Falls $25.00
1.00
J. E. McKee Mission Band Mrs. M. S. Gibson, N e w Castle lo.OO
5.00
Bev. W . W . Carithers aud wife. Total $36.00
E X P E10.00
N D I T U R ETotal
S. $693.09
June
No name
28, 1894, Walter T. MUler Foreign Mission 1.60 $90.62 58.63
" 28, Balance per last report for Indian Mission..
Adana " Total 15.50 $661.72
" 28, Industrial School, Latakia 1.00
" £8, Eeading-room, Latakia 4.25
" 28, Suadea 7.75
" 28, Syria l.Oo
" 28, Cyprus 6.00
" 38, Total... Suadea Building 11.OO
June 28, 1894, John T. Morton, Presbytery's
" 28, H o m e Mission $33.75
" 28, Bibles for ChUdren in Syria 21.07
" Southern Mission 101.57
P.epalr Missionary dwelling, Suadea 30.OO
" H o m e iftission , 13.60
Chinese " 20.32
" 28, " Domestic Mission 114.43
Total. " Testimony Bearing 5.50 $290.07
June 38,
" 28, " Old People's H o m e 2.00
" 28, , Mrs. J. W. Sproull, Spring Garden Mission $10.00
" 38, D. C. AUen, Patterson Heights Mission 1.70
Oot. 4, Eev. J. C. Smith, Jewish Mission, Cincinnati 12.50
4, Eev. J. C. McFeeters, " Philadelphia 12.50
4, Walter T. Miller, Foreign Chinese Mission 2.00 112.33
4, 1895. Salary
Total expenditures
account by order of Convention 58.63 590.59
AprU 10, Eev.
Balance
D. McAUister,
Indian Mission
National
account.
Eeform 5.00 61.13
" 10, Women's
Total Temperance Publishing Association
T h e Treasurer also wishes to acknowledge thank-offering taken at meeting in Eighth 10.00 $651.72
Total
Street Church, Pittsburgh, Pa., April 25, 1895.
SOUTHERN MISSION. L M. Wilkinsburg $2.25
h. M. S., Allegheny, Industrial School $15.00 MiUere Eun 7.00
" Slippery Eock, " " 5.00 N e w Alexandria , 14.00
Newcastle, " " 2.00 Parnassus .50
Mrs. J. A.'White " " 2.00 Eighth St., Pittsburgh 3.52
 Mrs. J. B. Copeland $1.00 L, M . S., WUkinsburg, Snadea • 1.00
No name 2.50 MiUers E u n 11.50
One-flfth amount not specified 10.76 " " " Suadea 3.25 16.75
Total $65.53 " " Cyprus 1.00 25.00
JEWISH MISSION-Cincinnati. Central Allegheny 5.75
L. M. S., Allegheny $12.00 " N e w Castle
SlipperyEook 4.00 " LittleBeaver 63.92
MUlers Eun 2.60 Eighth St., Pgh., Mersine 15.15 16.60
Newcastle 11.50 Snadea B'ld'g... 38.77 1.00
" Parnassus .50 A. M. MiUigan Missionary Society, Mersine. 10.76
tl56.28
LittleBeaver 8.25 Y. L. M. S., Beaver
CHINESE HOME MISSION. FaUs, Suadea 50
Y.L.M.S., Wilkinsburg ^5 L. M ."S., N eLatakia
w Castle ^ $ .50
Total $33.30 One-fifth
Mrs. J. A.amount
White not specified 3.00
J E W I S H MISSION-Philadelphia. Totalamount not specifled
One-fifth 10.'?7
L. M. S., Slippery Eock $ 2.50 Total 113.37
MiUers Eun 5.50 CENTRAL ALLEGHENY NEW MISSION.
" New Castle .3.25 L, M. S., Central Allegheny $13.00
Y. L. M. S., WiUsinsburg ^5DOMESTIC MISSION.
Total $11.80 L. M. S., SlipperyEook $ .60
J. R. McKEE MISSION SAND. Millers Kun, Seattle 5.00
L. M. S., Eighth St., Pittsburgh $5 00 N e w Castle, Chicago Mission 5.00
NATIONAL REFORhAI. " " " Denver I.CO
L. M. S., Eighth St., Pittsburgh $5.57 East End, Pgh i.oo
TESTIMONY BEARING. Allegheny, Topeka Cong 2S.00
L. M. S., AUegheny $28.50 Wilkinsburg, " " 13.00
Geneva 20.00 MiUers E u n " " 8.00
Total ~$48.50 One-flfth amount not specified 10 76
INDIAN MISSION. Total §69.26
L. M. S., AUegheny $ 1,00 PRESBYTERY'S HOME MISSION.
" WUkinsburg 3.25 L. 31. S., Wilkinsbm-g $17.50
" Millers Kun 6.00 Eighth,St., Pittsburgh 1.04
" Geneva 1.00 Y. L. M. S., WUkinsbm-g 6.00
" New Castle .70 Total ~J2464
Eighth St., Pittsburgh 1.02 RECAPITULATION.
A.M. MiUig an Missionary Society 5.00 Southern Mission §65.63
M. J. CampbeU, Baxter 3.00 .Jewish Mission, Cincinnati 38.30
No name 2 PO Jewish Mission, Philadelphia 11.80
One-fifth aniount not specified 10.77 Indian Mission 34.24
Total ~$3l24 Indian Mission, Salai'y account 36.00
INDJARi MISSION SALARY ACCOUNT. H o m e Mission 13.50
L. M. S., AUegheny j 5 00
Foreigu Mission 155.28
J. E. McBurney 30 00
Total ~$35:00 Chinese H o m e Mission 13 27
HOME MSSSIONS. Domestic Mission 69.26
L. M. S,, WUkinsburg ^jO 50 Presbytery's H o m e Mission 24.64
Eighth St., Pittsburgh 3 00 Testimony Bearing 4S50
Total ^Sisiso National Eeform 5.57
FOREICM MISSION. J. E. MoKee Jlission Band 5.00
L. M . S., Allegheny, Suadea $12 00 Central Allegheny N e w Mission 13.00
Mersine 10.00 $.'2.00 Total J527.79
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
SEPTEMBER REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1895.

O U R VIEWS OF MISSION W O R K .
THEEE MISSIONARY AMBITIONS. wrapped u p in it. T h e great commission
reads, " G o ye into all the world and
A. J. Gordon, D. D.
preach the Gospel to every creature," not
W e are often greatly indebted to one " Stay in one part of the world and build
who asks us a question. A student in- up a Christian civilization." A s distinctly
quired of us one day whether the Bible as concentration was the principle of Ju-
anywhere sanctions ambition. Tes! for daism, so clearly is diffusion the principle
though the word is not found in the Eng- of Christianity. T h e requirement of the
lish concordance, it occurs in the original. one was that all should come to Jerusalem;
The word philotimeomai, to love honor, the c o m m a n d of the other is that Jerusa-
is found three times in the Greek Testa- lem shall go to all men. A n d this latter
ment, and three texts where it occurs con- idea is so vital to the Gospel that it cannot
stitute an admirable chain of missionary be violated without the most fatal results.
exhortation. There is a wise saying that " capital is the
I. The Field : ^'^ Yea., bo have I been a m - blood of business," and the body poHtic
bitious to preach the Gospel, not where can only be healthy as it is kept in circu-
Christ was named, lest I should build upon lation. B u t who, looking at the conditiou
another man's foundation." ( R o m xv. 20.) of the Protestant world to-day, can doubt
This is not according to the course of that Christianity is suffering from conges-
this world. If one were buying a house- tion at the centers^too m u c h blood around
lot, it would be no objection, other condi- the educational centers of Christendom,
tions being favorable, that he could secure producing that intellectual vertigo by
a plot where the foundation-stones had which so m a n y theological professors are
been already laid, leaving nothing to be made to stumble upon the skandalon of
done but to rear the superstructure, story skeptical criticism ; and too m u c h blood
upon story, till the building should be about the religious centers, the h o m e
complete. " N o !" says the apostle, " I de- Churches, causing that fatty degeneration
sire a field where not a sod has been of the heart by which Christians are be-
turned, where not a turf has been broken, coming inclined to a good-natured and
lest I should build upon another man's easy-going toleration of all religions, pa-
foundation." If this saying sounds para- gan, heathen and infidel? " I n union is
doxical, w e believe that on reflection the strength," the world's maxim; " In diffu-
whole philosophy of Missions will be found sion is strength," the motto of Christianity.
186 Our Views of Mission Work.
" Tear d o w n the rookeries if you would be
rid of the rooks," was John Knox's advice
for dealing with the religious houses where
the monks and friars of his day were con-
gregated, to fatten on the life of the na-
tion. W h a t intelligent Christian can ques-
tion the vast benefit which would accrue to
the world if there could be a removal of
those theological "foundations'" on which
such learned professors as Wellhausen,
and Pfleiderer, and Driver, and their Ameri-
can sympathizers, have rested, while they
have undermined the authority of that Bi-
ble which they are employed to teach, and
if the endowments of their chairs eould be
capitalized for sending hundreds of plain,
pious and consecrated missionaries to the
heathen, even though those missionaries
were utterly ignorant of Hebrew or Greek,
or systematic theology? Cromwell put the
same hard sense into another saying when,
inquiring about certain silver shrines in
the cathedrals, he was told that they were
effigies of the twelve apostles. " Melt them
u p and coin them into shillings, and send
them about doing good !" he exclaimed.
So w e say with the utmost emphasis con-
cerning the architectural luxuries, and the
artistic choirs, and the sumptuous adorn-
ments for modern sanctuaries. W h a t an
unspeakable blessing might come to the
world if the evangelical wealth thus em-
ployed could be coined into missionaries
and sent to those w h o have never heard
the Gospel! The apostle's saying embodies
the deepest wisdom, and its truth was
never more apparent than now. W e be-
lieve that the great commission contains
the best antidote against the great relapse
which threatens the Church to-day; that
apostolic missions, undertaken 'with n e w
zeal, fumish the only line of resistance
against the apostate theology and the apos-
tate Christianity which are n o w coming in
upon us like a flood. Diffusion or death is
the alternative which faces us. The Church
which is not a missionary Church must now
become a missing Church.
T h e foundations which our fathers laid
in faith and prayer are in m a n y instances
being built upon with hay, wood and stub-
ble ; the true-hearted must turn aside from
them and build anew upon the foundation
of apostles and prophets.
In a word, it seems to us that in the
apostle's method lies the true secret, not
only of the salvation of the world, but of
the safety of the Chureh. The Mission
workers in our great cities who, 'without
pay or patronage, plunge d o w n into the
slums to rescue the perishing, are rarely
found to be unsound teachers of the Gos-
pel. In mingling with them w e have con-
stantly been surprised and delighted at the
evangelical correctness of their teachhig.
O n the other hand, there are scores of
preachers in the same city w h o are build-
ing on ecclesiastical foundations many gen-
erations deep—creed foundations, wealth
foundations and culture foundations—of
w h o m it m a y be said without slander that
the preaching of the simple, evangelical
Gospel is the last thing they know how to
do. W e see the saying of Dr. Duff dem-
onstrated on every hand: " The Church
which ceases to be evangelistic 'will soon
cease to be evangelical."
II. The W o r k : Paul exhorts the Thes-
salonian Christians that they "be ambi-
tious to be quiet, and to do their own
business," etc. (1 Thess. iv. 11.) The nat-
ure of the business is not defined, but the
ta idia points to the Christian's special
and peculiar work. " Wist ye not that I
 Our Views of Mission Work.
must be about m y Father's business?"
asked Jesus w h e n His mother was chiding
H i m for neglect of parental claims. A n d
since the great commission was given, every
disciple m a y answer the claims of business,
and the claims of society, and even the
claims of the h o m e Church, with the ques-
tion : " Wist ye not that I must be about
m y Master's business?" There is, there
oan be, n o w no work comparable for a m o -
ment with that of making k n o w n the Gos-
pel to the unsaved millions for w h o m
Christ died. A n d is there any sphere where
a sanctified ambition is more strongly de-
manded than here ? T h e lament of an em-
inent laborer on the foreignfield,that, in
spite of all which the Christian Church has
attempted and accomplished in this cent-
ury, " it has thus far only been playing at
Missions,'' is a statement borne out by
actual facts; for do not m e n who "mean
business" put themselves, and their en-
ergy, and their capital, and their time into
their special work? H a s the Ohurch of
the nineteenth century, with all its efforts
towards world-wide evangelization, done
this ? " Let us not be pessimists, but let
us be truthists," says, and well says, a
Scotch preacher. W e do not expect per-
fection in the Christian Churoh, but it is
better that w e aim at perfection and come
short of it than to aim at imperfection and
attain it. W e are in danger of self com-
placency in 'view of what w e have done, if
we do not impartially judge ourselves for
what w e have failed to do.
Let us examine ourselves, then, concern-
ing our outlay for the great work in com-
parison 'With our inlay for ourselves. Ac-
cording to the best estimate whieh w e can
obtain, there are n o w 9,000 missionaries on
the foreign field—a noble army of wit-
187
nesses, for which w e should devoutly praise
God. But it is computed that there are
130,000 ordained ministers at h o m e repre-
senting the same constituency. H o w vast
the disproportion—fifteen times as m a n y
building on foundations already laid as
there are preaching the Gospel where
Christ is not named! Does this represent
the most aggressive business policy in the
enterprise of Missions ?
At the lowest estimate $12,000,000 were
given to Protestant Christendom last year
for the cause of Foreign Missions. W e
praise G o d for this testimony of Christian
hearts to the constraining power of Jesus'
love and for all of sacrifice and self denial
which it represents. A n d yet, though the
Christians of America gave about one-half
of this sum, they gave it, according to the
reckoning of Dr. Strong, based on the
census of 1890, out of wealth amounting to
$13,000,000,000; so that by the law of pro-
portional giving they contributed, he says,
one thirty-second part of one per cent, of
their means. A widow's mite, indeed, but
a mite subtracted from millions left un-
touched—a speck of gold dust dropped
from a mountain of gold coins. Does this
look like an aggressive policy on the part
of those w h o are doing business for G o d ?
Again, it is held by m a n y Christians that
the task which the Churoh has assigned to
it is that of converting the whole world to
Christ. If success is any criterion of busi-
ness enterprise, let us ask. W h a t has been
actually done ? Hardly more than a mill-
ion disciples can be reckoned as the result
of the toil and effort of this century of
Missions; and if w e add what are called
"adherents" — those w h o have in some
sense been influenced by Christianity and
identified with it—we m a y perhaps com-
188 Our Views of Mission Work.

pute two million more. But while w e re- thoughtfully whether there is not room for
joice and give thanks for what has thus a vastly larger business ambition in carry-
been wrought, w e have to remember that ing on the work of Missions. A n d if per-
in the same hundred years in which this chance w e see those w h o really rise to the
has been accomplished the heathen and height of this great argument, let us not
M o h a m m e d a n population of the globe has count them fools and fanatics. A scene
increased to 200,000,000 ; in other words, which recently occurred at a Mission meet-
the false religions have outstripped the ing of Dr. Simpson, in N e w Tork, has been
true seventy to one in the race for the con- reported far and wide, and 'with not a little
quest of this earth to Christ.* H o w long comment. It seems that at this gathering
will it take to convert the world at this the people became so impressed with the
rate of speed ? Is it true that the children claims of Missions, and with a sense of
of this world are swifter as well as wiser their supreme obligation to Christ on be-
than the children of light? A hundred half of a lost world, that they brought not
years have elapsed since Carey went to In- only their money, but their jewels and their
dia, and still vast portions of that empire bracelets, their watches and their rings,
remain unreached. The British Govern- and laid them on the altar for Foreign Mis-
ment took the census of India three years sions. S o m e conservative Christians have
ago, and did it in a single day—its 280,- spoken against this action as decidedly un-
000,000 of population numbered and regis- becoming, as nothing less than an outbreak
tered within twenty-four hours; and yet of religious hysteria, from which they pray
in a hundred years Missions have not suc- to be delivered; and more charitable critics
ceeded in reaching all in that vast em- have said that at least it was a very eccen-
pire, and Standard Oil Company cans are tric procedure. Eccentric to what ? Such
found to-day adorning the native houses as become truly centered in Christ are
in India where as yet no Christians are likely to be found out of center with those
found. whose orbit is the world. That was an ec-
Nay, more, w e have to be rebuked, not centric scene recorded in Acts xis., where
only by comparing ourselves with the chil- m a n y that believed came and confessed
dren of this world, but with the children of and showed their deeds, and made a sacri-
the evil one. Did w e spend more than a fice that counted up to "fiftythousand
million for promoting the worship of our pieces of silver;" but the issue thereof was
Christ in China last year ? O n e of the old- that " mightily grew the word of the Lord,
est missionaries in that empire estimates and prevailed." In these days of burdened
that the worshipers of demons spent $130,- missionary treasuries the last thing we
000,000 in sacrifices to their god, the prince need to fear is an extravagant ambition in
of the power of the air, the spirit that n o w doing the Lord's business, which is our
worketh in the children of disobedience. business, and in giving the Lord's wealth.
W h a t shall w e say to these things ? W e III. Our R e w a r d : " Wherefore w e are
must ponder them seriously, and ask ambitious that, whether present or absent,
* This is according to the estimate of Dr, Johnston (" Cen- w e m a y be well pleasing unto him." (2 Cor.
tury of Missions,'') V. 9, vide R. V.) This certainly is the high-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
est evangelical motive. Neither apostolic
succession nor apostolic success constitutes
the truest credential of the missionary.
" N o soldier on service entangleth himself
in the affairs of this life." (2 Tim. ii. 4,
R. V.) N o , not even if by so doing he
could enhance his success and multiply his
conquests. " That he m a y please H i m w h o
enrolled him as a soldier is the chief aim."
The joy of the harvest is blessed; but one
must notfixthe eye upon this so as to for-
get the approval of the husbandman, which
is greater than all.
Thefirstgreat Missionary could say as
His highest confession: " I do always those
things that please Him." (John 'viii. 29.)
189
The chief missionary of the apostles writes :
" Or do I seek to please m e n ? for if I yet
pleased men, I should not be the servant of
Christ." (Gal. i. 10.) " I have one pas-
sion : it is H e , H e alone," wrote Zinzen-
dorf. " Here I am, Lord; send me," said
David Brainerd. " Send m e to the rough
and savage Pagans of the wilderness; send
m e from all that is called comfort on earth;
send m e even to death itself, if it be but in
T h y service and to promote Thy kingdom."
The final award will not be, "Well done,
good and successful servant" — though
blessed are they w h o shall be counted
worthy to achieve success—but "Well done,
good and faithful servant."

I T E M S O F M I S S I O N A R Y INTELLIGENCE.

ABROAD. that w e are freemasons seeking to corrupt

Meesine, Asia Minor.—Our devoted mis- them. This has led to the withdrawal of
sionaries. Miss Evadna M . Sterrett and the women, w h o had come in good force,
Miss Jennie B. Dodds, have remained at but the attendance of young m e n is in-
their post in Mersine this summer, though creased, perhaps because they do not be-
lieve the lie, or it m a y be because the
the cholera had been raging there at last
accounts (July 15th) for nine weeks, as report has stimulated their cariosity. I
think w e m a y place the average attendance
many as sixty having died in Tarsus in one
at fifty.
day. In a letter to the Treasurer, Miss
" W e still meet in the hospital. O n e of
Dodds says: " W e are entirely cut off, by
the lady nurses is unusually earnest in
quarantine, from the outside world. There
evangelistic work, going among the people
have been no deaths among our o w n
and talking with them, and urging them
people."
to come to the meetings, and even laying
Cyprus.—A letter from Rev. R. J. Dodds, hold of them in the streets and compelling
dated July llth, reports as follows con- them to come in. She has been a great
cerning the work on the island : help to us.
" Our meetings in Kyrenia are dimin- " I met an old white-headed m a n last
ished by the interference of the ecclesias- Sabbath, w h o is, I was told, a self-appointed
tical authorities. Here, as in other places, Bible reader among the people. For this
they have tried to persuade the people also he suffers persecution. H e is of the
190 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
Greek Orthodox Church in name, but un-
like them in that he loves the W o r d of
God.
" T h e General Manager of the Ottoman
Banks of Cyprus, and his wife, are m e m -
bers, I think, of the Scottish Free Church.
They are of that earnest Christian class, as
far as I can judge, w h o m it refreshes one's
soul to meet. They are naturally mission-
aries, and do m u c h good work in their
sphere. Oh, that Cyprus had more for-
eigners like them, w h o would let their light
shine. But most foreigners here either
have no light or keep it hidden.''
Latakia, Syria.—A letter recently re-
ceived from Miss Lizzie McNaughton,
writing under date July 4th, contains the
following items:
" To-night we close a busy and interest-
ing week. O n last Thursday evening be-
gan the preparatory services for the cele-
bration of the Lord's Supper on the
following Sabbath. O n account of the
heat, and for other reasons, our services
were held in the evening on Thursday,
Fi-iday and Saturday.
" After our Saturday evening's service,
four boys and three girls, from the Board-
ing Schools, were received into the Church.
They all passed a good examination. A
young m a n also came forward for examin-
ation, but it was thought best not to re-
ceive him at present.
" The little eight years old sister of one
of the girls was so anxious to know whether
her sister would be received into the
Church, that she remained outside with
m e until after nine o'clock. Once, when
there was a pause in the examination, she
wanted to know if they had not had enough
questions now. I asked her if she was not
getting tired and sleepy. She said 'no,
no.' W h e n she found the others and her
sister had been received, she was the
happiest little thing I ever saw. She is
the little girl supported by Rev. Sproull's
congregation. O n e of the boys has neither
father nor mother in the Church. Two,
the mothers only are members. The other,
both parents are members.
" The girls all have a history. The
parents of the elder girl of the three were
at one time members, but are n o w num-
bered among the backsliders. The other
two had never been baptized. The father
of the elder of these two was a robber be-
fore his death. Her mother is still living,
and is a poor, ignorant woman. They are
very poor.
" The mother of the younger girl was in
the Latakia School for two years. She
was afterwards sold to a man, and has not
been allowed to c o m m u n e since her mar-
riage. While in school here she learned of
Jesus and to read God's Word, and is now
teaching her children the little she learned.
' It is God's W o r d that gives light, and it
is light that breaks down the empire of
darkness, and builds up the kingdom of
Christ.'
" Services began on Sabbath morning, at
nine o'clock. After the baptism of the two
little girls,fifty-onesat down at the Lord's
Table. It was a solemn, impressive and
joyous occasion. Although the morning
was very warm, we had a good audience,
there being over two hundred and fifty
present. The usual prayer meeting was
held at 3.30 p. m., and the boys' and
girls' prayer meeting in their chapels, at 7
o'clock p. M. O n Monday morning, at 8.30,
the closing services of a most pleasant
communion season were held. Immedi-
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 191
ately after the services began the school AntioA.—The Church Missionary So-
examinations. Both schools have done ciety has most encouraging reports from
good work during the year. The exami- its Mission in Uganda and its neighboring
nations showed a marked improvement over provinces. Peace seems to be prevailing,
last year. To-morrow the pupils go to and the missionaries and their assistants
their homes. I say homes, but some of are able to preach the Gospel wherever
them are homes only in name. they m a y please to go. At present it is
"It haa been customary to close the believed that the population of the coun-
year's work with an entertainment. Cir- try is m u c h greater than has been previ-
cumstances caused us to deviate from ously supposed. In their itinerating tours
former years, and have a communion in- " gardens " or estates belonging to differ-
stead. W e have m a n y things to be thank- ent chiefs are found, which have each a
ful for this year. Death has claimed none population of from 10,000 to 15,000. Un-
of our boys and girls. The dear friends der date of August 20 Mr. Roscoe says:
at home have been so kind to us in m a n y " W e have eight churches around the capi-
ways. Although danger seemed to threaten tal for people w h o are unable to walk here.
us at times, w e cannot but feel that G o d Each day there is regular teaching carried
has been hearing the m a n y prayers for our on in these, and on Sabbaths w e send one
safety and success in our work." of the lay readers or more advanced teach-
ers to conduct services and preach. The
China.—In the C. M. S. for February services have steadily grown in each of
Archbishop Wolfe says that during his these so that three or four are already too
thirty-three years in China he has never small, though between 200 and 300 can be
known anything like the deep interest seated. These churches are from four to
which has been recently awakened all over eight miles distant from here. N o w that
tbe country of Hok-chiang in the Christian they are in working order w e are trying to
religion, and which exists at this moment. get a second circle four or more miles far-
" I a m almost," he -writes, " afraid to speak ther out still. F r o m the province of Ky-
about it lest I should exaggerate. The agwe, which is east of Mengo, the capital,
real fact is, however, that a very wonderful reports come of days of special blessing.
movement toward Christianity is going on A chief, Tomasi by name, aids grandly in
all over the country simultaneously, and in the work. Over 100 have professed con-
the most remote corners of the country. version, and the congregations are large
W e cannot really take advantage of all the and attentive. In the province of Bule-
opportunities offered to us, village after mezi, north of Mengo, which has been visit-
village opening their doors to us and ask- ed by Mr. Leakey, nine churches were
ing m e for teachers to teach them. Nearly seen by him which had been erected entire-
all our old places of worship are thronged ly by natives, and he heard of others. In
Sabbath after Sabbath. The people seem the province of Singo, northwest of Mengo,
as if they had suddenly discovered the folly there have been many baptisms, and the
of their idolatry, and that all their past had people seem most thoughtful and ready to
been a blank." listen. In our last number w e gave the
192 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

report that on the Sesse Islands, in Lake Anand and its sub-stations the numbers are
Victoria, south of Mengo, there were nine- 513. W e have 51 vernacular schools—33
teen churches already established by little for boys and 18 for girls—with about 3,500
bands of Christians. All these provinces scholars; w e have also 6 English schools,
to which we have referred are included in with above 800 in attendance. Thus 4,300
Uganda proper. Outside are other prov- young people are receiving careful instruc-
inces like Koki, Bunyoro, Busoga, and tion, not only in the ordinary elements of
toward these regions the Christians of knowledge, but especially in the W o r d of
Uganda are turning their attention. The God, and the answering of many of them
report is given in The Ghurch Mission- on the Bible and Catechism would perhaps
ary Gleaner that "Chiefs in Busoga are put some of our young people at home to
anxious to be taught. Miro, a chief shame. These schools form a most im-
w h o for many years lived in Uganda, has portant and yet most inexpensive part of
welcomed several Buganda at his place, Mission work; for what with fees and
and native teachers have been sent to grants in-aid from the Government of India,
help him. Tabingwa, another Usoga no less a s u m than 29,317 rupees have been
chief, has written, asking for teachers, received by us towards their support,
and has already begun building a church which, taking the rupee at thirteen pence,
to teach the people in. Chiefs to the north,is £1,588 for the year. W e have also 28
in the large section of Bunyoro that has Sabbath-schools, with 98 teachers and 1,971
lately been annexed to Uganda, are send- scholars, of w h o m between 1,300 and 1,400
ing here for teachers.'' Rev. Mr. Roscoe are non-Chi'istians.
writes : " The -work is most encouraging in During the year there have been 133
every part, and with the assurance of peace baptisms—29 adults and 104 children.
w e look for and expect great things, but There are n o w 1,905 baptized members of
w e want our own bishop at once and sev- the Church, and of these 462 are communi-
enteen more m e n for immediate work." cants. Our entire Christian community
King M w a n g a is stillfickle,and though numbers 2,227. During the year these
seemingly anxious to be a better man, hes- people have subscribed—partly in ordinary
itates about giving up his besetting sins. Sabbath collections and partly in gifts to
His head wife is said to be an earnest the Native Pastors' F'and—1,911 rupees.
young w o m a n and to be preparing for bap-In one station the contributions to the Na-
tism.—Missionary Herald. tive Pastors' F u n d have increased ta eight
years from 73 to 143 rupees, and one sub-
India.—In Gujarat and Kathiawar we scription of a native Christian is mentioned,
have n o w eight central stations, in which amounting to 40 rupees.
missionaries from this country reside, and Our missionaries to India were 12 in
some twelve sub-stations. In some of number at the beginning of the year, but
these there are large Christian communi- four of them came h o m e in the course of it
ties. In and around Borsad, for instance, — t w o on furlough and two on sick leave—
the Christian community numbers 644; in one of w h o m was able, however, to return
and around Ahmedabad, 536; while in before its close. O n e of our missionaries.
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
Dr. Taylor, is set apart, as the readers of
this report are aware, to take charge of the
Stevenson Memorial College. It has not
been possible, therefore, to have even one
missionary residing at each of our central
stations continuously through the year.
Since 1894 ended another missionary has
arrived in the field, the Rev. J. Sinclair
Stevenson, son of Dr. Fleming Stevenson,
of Rathgar, the late beloved convener of
this Mission. Mr. Stevenson is a young
gentleman of gifts and promise, and full of
missionary zeal, and his accession to the
ranks of the Mission has been welcomed
with the greatest enthusiasm by our Church
at h o m e and our missionaries abroad. W e
have thus 13 missionaries in all for India.
There are also 3 agents of the Jungle
Tribes Mission, laboring in two stations;
2 lay teachers at the head of our High
Schools, at Surat and Ahmedabad; and 12
Zenana missionaries, so that our mission-
ary staff at present numbers 30 in all.
W h e n w e turn to native workers, w e
have three ordained pastors — Messrs.
Rambhai Kalyan, Nathu Haribhai, and John
Gungaram. W e have 41 evangelists, 5 col-
porteurs, and 16 Bible-women; there are
also 71 Christian school teachers, making a
staff of Ghristian native workers number-
ing 136 in all. In addition, there is a con-
siderable amount of voluntary work done
by our converts. In Surat, for instance,
the Christian m e n w h o work in our Mission
Press have for a long time been in the
habit of going out in the evenings to preach
the Gospel to their heathen neighbors.
With regard to the training of native
agents and the education of a native pas-
torate, most valuable work continues to be
done by the Stevenson Memorial College,
which is under the care of the Rev. Dr.
193
Taylor. Fourteen students were in attend-
ance at this college during the year, 10 of
w h o m have completed their second year's
course, while in the preparatory school at
Anand 6 boys have passed a course of two
years, and are n o w being employed for two
years more in Mission work before being
admitted to the Stevenson College. W e
are thus trying, by the training given at
our preparatory school and the Stevenson
Memorial College, by the establishment of
the Native Pastors' Fund, by ordaining
native pastors over congregations of con-
verts as opportunity offers, and by associ-
ating these pastors with our missionaries in
Presbytery, to lay the foundation of a
healthy native Churoh, which m a y hereaf-
ter, perhaps, in the good providence of
God, be able to undertake by itself the
evangelization of the whole province.—
Missionary Herald (Ireland).
AT HOME.
Rochester, N. Y.—The Ladies' Missio
ary Society of the Reformed Presbyterian
Church of Rochester has existed for over
twenty years, but for about three years it
was discontinued, and was reorganized
M a y 1, 1894, with a membership of eleven.
Though small in numbers, an active inter-
est has been shown, the meetings being
held regularly every month, with a good
attendance. During the winter a barrel
was fiUed and sent to the Mission at Selma,
Alabama.
The Society has used its funds to assist
in carrying on the Mission-school conduct-
ed by our church in this city.
Thefinancialreport is as follows :
RECEIPTS.
M a y 1, 1894—Annual dues. .$ 4 50
194 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

M'ciy 1,1894, to M a y 1,1895—Month- 3d. That in the suddenness of this call

ly dues $10 80 w e realize the uncertainty of life, the wis-
M a y 1,1894, to M a y 1,1895—Collec- d o m of the Master's voice, and that we
tions 3 00 more earnestly heed Christ's admonition:
" B e ye also ready, for in suoh an hour as
Total $18 30 ye think not the Son of m a n cometh."
EXPENSES. 4th. That w e strive to be more zealous
To the Sabbath-school Treasury for in the work of our Master, and that we
expenses of Mission $18 30 endeavor to make a better improvement of
During the past year the Society has the talent which G o d has given us.
5th. That w e tender our prayers and
lost by death one of the original members. sympathy to the bereaved friends, and
Miss Rachel Boyd, w h o had always been especially to thefivesons, now left without
very active in missionary work. father or mother ; and commend them to
Mabtha D. Toaz, Secretary. the care of a covenant-keeping God.
Julia B. Ltnn, Treasurer. 6th. That a copy of these resolutions be
sent to the bereaved family, also to the
Sharon, Ia.—Resolutions on the death Christian Nation, Herald or Mission
of Mrs. Sarah E. Willson, w h o was found News, Reformed Presbyterian and Cov-
in her bed in death's cold embrace, Satur- enanter for publication.
day morning, M a y 11, 1895. Mrs. N. O. Elliott,
She had been engaged in her usual " C. M. Robb,
household duties the day before. She ate Miss Lizzie Reid.
supper with the children that were at Sterlino, Kan.—Resolutions of L. M.
home, and when the boys retired they left of Sterling, Kan., on the death of Mrs. N.
their mother sitting reading, in her usual A. Mathews:
Whereas, It has pleased our Heavenly
health. But what a shock to the boys the
Father to remove from us our sister and
next morning, when they came in from co-worker, Mrs. N. A. Mathews.
their morning chores, to find her lying cold Resolved, 1st. That in her death we
and lifeless. have lost a devoted Christian sister, a
The esteem in which the deceased was zealous worker since our organization, and
held is expressed by the appended Reso- ever faithful in the service of her Master.
lutions of the L. M . S., of Sharon, Iowa, of 2d. That w e bear testimony to her
Christian character, and though her illness
which she was a member.
was protracted, yet she was patient and
Resolved,first.That we, as a society, cheerful, willing to go when the Lord
bow in humble submission to the will of called her home.
our heavenly Father, and recognize His 3d. That w e b o w in humble submission
hand in the removal of another one of its to the Divine will, and extend our sympa-
members. thy to the bereaved family.
4th. That a copy of these resolutions be
2d. That w e testify to the bright, cheer-
put upon the minutes of our Society, a
ful, Christian character always maintained copy of the same be given the family, and
by oar sister, which endeared her to a copies be sent to the publications of the
large circle of friends and acquaintances, Church.
as well as to the membership of the Church Agnes Daughtert,
of whie'n. she was a consistent member. Amanda Patten,
Bella Huston, Committee.
 S T A T I S T I C A L - R E R O R T
OP THE

Woman's Missionary Society of Pittsburg Presbytery.

For the Year Ending April 1st, 1895.

Number EalaniJd
Societies. Presidents, Corresponding. Foreign. Indian. Sonthern. Domestic Chinese. Jewish. Thank Miscell'i in
Secretaries. of
Members. Treasury.
Alleglieny Mrs. W . J. Coleman .. Mrs. S. M. Orr.. 106 00 198 00 17 10 257 45 117 05 50 00 29 56
Beaver Falls. ... Mrs. W . M. Glasgow... 23 10 00 61 50 10 00 12 00 10 00 4 84
Mrs. E- J. Bole..
Cen. Allegheny,. Mrs. J. W . Sproull Mrs. H. Hamor.. 60 50 00 60 00 6 00 45 00 11 75 28 19 46 00
Bast End Miss Nettie George ... Elizabeth Love. 18 25 00 20
10 00 5 00 15 60 126 89
00
Geneva Mrs, H. G.Foster Etta
AnnaH. Thompson
Coleman.. 25 74 50 52 10 80 00 70 00 13 75
Little Beaver Mrs. J,B,R,M,Boggs
McCleUand,, Anna M. Allman 27 79 65 15 00 6 85 4 01 37 21 24
Miller's Hun Miss J.
Mrs. Ellen Stewart
K, Slater ' BS Anna O'Brian ... 34 20 00 7 00 10 00 28 34
19 86 35 22 40
McKeesport Mrs, J. A, Forsythe Mrs. M. M. McCleUand.
17 80 00
25 00 15 00 10 00 10 00 15 00 Nebraska 13 89
Miss Kittie Dickey 50 00 200 00 13 00 13 00 5 00 Sufferers,
N e w Alexandria. Mrs. Jas. Alter 52 "e'eo'
Mrs. M.McCaslin.
AUen 10 00 15 00 10 00 5 00 10 00 10 00 100 19
N e w Castle Mrs. J. E. MoKee Myrtle 20
North Union Lizzie H. Wilkin Mrs. J. C.
Mrs. J. S. Barr
Arthur 10 00 10 00 1 50 13 06
18
Parnassus Mrs, A. E. Crowe Jennie
Mrs. E. N.
J. 'White
Ward.. 7 00 37 76 7 00 7 00 51 56 lo'
84
Pittsburg
TOUNG ladies'. Mrs. Latimer 23 10 00 10 00
A. M. M. Pittsburg.
Kehoboth Miss Kilpatrick
Mrs. Margaret McAteer Mrs.E, M. J, Dodds., 197 10 00 5 00
00 Educating Lee Ging, 92 50 92 58
Cen. Allegheny
Springfield M iss E,
Mrs. M. M,
M. EUiott
Caskey Bertha Haslett 70 12 50 100 00 Extension
Church 15 00 19 57 16 79
Beaver Falls 39
Slippery Eock,.. Miss
Mrs. E.Eena McAnlis
C. Wylie Jennie McBurney ... 25 25 00 Organized in Aug. 1894. 36 00 7 10
Wilkinsburg
Union Miss M. B. Henning Edith Price 23
Allegheny,, Bertha Anderson John Coleman 14 16 18 n 74
7 00 11 60 2 70
Youngstown
Beaver Falls Mary Fox 5 00
Mena Anderson 17 9 97 2 42
8 07 1 02
Wilkinsburg
K J. George, Beaver Falls. Lovie Fox 2 00 5 00 16 05
Clara Stewart 29 15 00
Cen. Allegheny Gertrude E. SprouU.. Florence Kenwell.. 26 5 00 5 00 isr 75 36 26
Spring Garden C. McLeod
Sadie HiU Smith Ida Henzil 47 3 50 3 00 654 6T
47
N e w Galilee Maggie Boggs
Mamie Johnston.. Nannie Caskey. .. 12 Organized in Oct. 1894. 38 26
00
Parnassus Totals . Catharine Enwer,. 20 459 65 992 35 Organized
176 81 539iu78Feb.321895,
00 87 50 289 07 I 60
Union Ethel Kilpatrick. . 1 ""
Wilkinsburg Anna Wylie cn
196 Monographs,
M O N O G R A P H S .
CLINIC INCIDENTS.
A gypsy m a n came into the clinic. H e
was from Eoumelia. During the Moslem
fast and following feast there are usually
some of these people camped about, as
they seem to be the professional musicians.
They beat the drum and play on reed
pipes, marching through the town at dead
of night to awake the faithful to prayer.
This m a n had a gangrened hand. H e
could speak no language understood by
the physician, and seemed quite afraid
even to let him see the hand, and when a
knife appeared drew back in alarm. " I
will do nothing unless you wish," the doc-
tor said, and left him to attend to other
patients. The m a n took courage when a
Fellah who had his arm broken came in to
report h o w well it was doing, and another
Pellah appeared with a very sore hand,
caused by a thom of an orange tree run-
ning in his finger. Seeing that they were
not afraid, he allowed the gangrened flesh
to be cut away from his hand and had it
dressed. Evidently the operation helped
it, for some little time after a gypsy w o m -
an from Bosnia came in. She said her
tent was beside that of the m a n with the
sore hand. She had a dreadful sore above
her ankle, where a dog had bitten her
some weeks before. The wound was
dressed, and seeing her miserable, tattered
garments, the doctor, instead of asking a
fee from her, put into her hand some
money that he had taken in—a small sum,
perhaps less than twenty-five cents. She
stared flrst in stupid astonishment, then
broke out into unintelligible expressions of
gratitude.
Another patient was a poor Christian
woman, whose husband is sufiering with
heart disease. She has four children. She
said she had begged five cents from a
neighbor and bought a little meat for her
husband. W h e n she was ready to go away,
she found slipped in her hand a Turkish
dollar which had been received from a
wealthy patient. Por years she had not
possessed so m u c h at once.
A Moslem came on behalf of her daugh-
ter. It transpired that her husband was
the police ofiicer w h o arrested m e n work-
ing for the doctor. His daughter had
been suffering from fever for a long time,
and no medicine seemed to help her. At
last some one suggested that they try the
American doctor. " N o , I can't," said the
father; " I have made him angry." But the
mother plucked up courage and came, and
found that her husband's conduct did not
prevent her child from receiving proper at-
tention.
A few more incidents not in the profes-
sional line: A good deal of work has been
done this winter necessitating the work-
m e n at times to go into the sea. After one
of these times a messenger comes upstairs,
the Khawajah wants a pair of stockings.
Materfamilias goes to the stocking bag and
gets a pair; standing at a window, she sees
them handed to the Khawajah, w h o in turn
gives them to a Circassian w h o has been in
the sea, and that pair of stockings is
known in the missionary's house no more.
A few days later there was a search for
some woolen underclothing. O n inquiring
of the "director of the works," he said, " I
saw that one of the poor fellows who had
 Monographs. 197

been in the water was shivering when he who wasted her substance with riotous liv-
came out, and I gave them to him." Well, ing. W h e n she saw that her property was
they seem not unmindful nor unthankful. being squandered she determined to make
They always seem ready for any service, an offering to the Lord. She took £20
however heavy. These days they are fast- and gave it to the Poreign Missionary So-
ing all day long, and only when the sun ciety. Her sons were very angry at this,
goes down can they eat their warm soup in and told her that she " might just as well
the chapel. Spring is coming now, and cast her money into the sea."
they are beginning to go back to their vil- "I will cast it into the sea," she replied,
lages and land, some ten days' journey in "and it shall be m y bread upon the
the interior. Ten of them came last night waters."
to say good night and ask if they could The sons, having spent all they could
carry any message to the inland mission- get, enlisted, and were sent to India. Their
aries. They expressed their gratitude, positions were far apart, but God so or-
kissed the hand of their late employer, dered in His providence that both were
bowed to the ladies, and backed out of the stationed near Mission stations. The elder
room in a manner that would have done one was led to repent of sin and embrace
honor to the courtiers of Japan and China. Christ. H e shortly afterward died. Mean-
As one, a stalwart fellow, six feet or more while the widowed mother was praying for
in height, rose, a pair of gray trousers ap- her boys.
peared below the outer long robe. One evening, as she was taking down her
" Tell me," said materfamilias, " did I Bible to read, the door was softly opened,
not recognize your gray trousers ?" and the younger son entered to greet his
"Yes, madam, you did." aged mother. H e told her he had turned
So, though the higher powers oppose, to Ood, and Christ had blotted out all his
the ground is being prepared, and these sins. Then he narrated his past history
things are spread abroad. These people in connection with the influence the mis-
reason much after the fashion of the blind sionaries had on his mind,while his mother,
man in John ix. : "Whether these people with tears of overflowing gratitude, ex-
are infidels or not we know not; one thing claimed :
we know, that we were hungry and they " O m y twenty pounds! m y twenty
fed us, in need and they alone had pity on pounds! I have cast m y bread upon the
waters, and now I have found it ' after
ns."
It will be impossible to make them be- many days.' " — Watchword.
lieve that the infidel is as black as he is
WHY YOU SHOULD WOEK POE
painted.
POEEION MISSIONS.
(Mrs.) Maey E. Methenv.
Mersine, Asia Minor. 1. Because Missions are God's thought.
H e asks your co-operation.
BEEAD CAST UPON THE WATEES. 2. Because the need is urgent. 70,000
A lady in Scotland, whose husband left die daily who never saw a Bible or heard
her a competence, had two profligate sons, of Christ.
198 Monographs.
3. Because Poreign Missions are suc-
cessful. Souls were brought to accept
Christ during the last year at the rate of
2,000 per week.
4. Because all nations are accessible, and
with more means that rate might be in-
definitely increased.
5. Because your example will help others
to obey the Lord's command.
6. Because a special effort is to be made
during the remaining years of this century.
7. Because you will be blessed. Jesus
pays back a hundred fold.—Rev. R . P.
Mackay.
MOTIVE IN POEEIGN MISSIONS.*
WHEKiS SHOULD THE EMPHASIS BE PLACEB IN
OUE PRESENT-DAV ADVOCACY?
In this paper I will speak especially of
the motives which, to m y mind, m a y be
properly and effectively emphasized in the
present momentous hour.
I. Self-Preservation: W e of the last
decade of the present century are neither
so great nor holy but what w e m a y wisely
study God's providential dealings 'with
His people in the past. It is well known
that some portions of our globe, having
been once Christianized, have afterwards sin against God.
fallen into almost absolute heathenism.
The Christianity of our day and land can
have neither power nor permanency if it
have no heart for the world's speedy evan-
gelization. W e of this generation must
heed the command of Jesus to make disci-
ples of all nations, or w e shall hear H i m
say, " I will come unto thee quickly, and
remove thy candlestick out of his place."
* Bead at a Conference of the Officers and Bepresentatinesh o w rich the Church of to-day is in mate-
of Foreign Misskm Boards and Bodelles in the United rial that makes effective foreign mission-
States and Canada, Feb. 14, 1895, in the Church Mission aries. At no other period in the world's
House qf the Protestant Episcopal Church, N e w York.
Our G o d is patient and lo'ring, but H e also
visits in swift judgment for unfaithfulness
and unfruitfulness.
With present day resources of God's
people in m e n and means, failure to press
forward to the evangelization of the world
can but result in our o w n destruction in
everything to be desired in national and
ecclesiastical life. H o w is our glory faded,
if w e serve in our day not mightily, heroic-
ally and oommensurately in the foreign
field.
II. The Oreat W o r k of Foreign Mis-
sions is God-ordered: This ought and
must be the end of all controversy. The
c o m m a n d for the sending forth of the sons
and daughters of the Churoh to-day into
the God-opened doors of all lands, comes
in an all-authoritative voice. The command
for consecration of money by the milUons
to this great enterprise comes 'with the
same authority. W e must get a new Christ
and a n e w Bible, or else respect the Christ
and the Bible w e n o w have by evangeUzing
the world at any cost. If w e undertake
to do what G o d has ordered, w e shaU
be blest in our doing, but if w e shrink
from the conflict and sacrifice we shall
III. The Church of To-day has the
Ability to Evangelize the Whole World
in tfie Present Generation: Never since
our Lord was on earth did His disciples
have such resources in consecrated young
manhood and womanhood for Poreign Mis-
sions. They are coming forth by hun-
dreds and thousands, saying to our Mission
Boards, " Here a m I, send me." There is
deepest significance in this fact. It sho'ws
 Monograpfis.
story has the Church of G o d had such
isources as she has to-day in money to
irry the Gospel to all lands. N o other
aneration has ever had, all things con-
dered, such power to grapple with the
Beds of the heathen world. N o other
eneration has witnessed such God-given
lastery of physical forces and useful in-
entions, so that all lands can be easily
aached. O ! glorious reality. H o w it
ught to thrill us with holy delight. W e
f to-day have lived to see the time when
ur Lord's last c o m m a n d can be speedily
iilfiUed. W e of this generation oan do it
ly the blessing of G o d and make all heaven
ejoice. Shall w e not greatly rejoice ?
Vhat an hour! W h a t an opportunity !
low ancient worthies would have rejoiced
o see this day! It might have been said
>f the Church in some one of the past cen-
uries that she did not have the abUity to
10 prosecute the work of Foreign Missions
hat the whole world could at once have
he Gospel, but it cannot thus be said of
he Churoh to-day.
IV. 2he Most Signal Blessing, Victory
m d Enlargement ever Experienced in the
History of the K i n g d o m of G o d on Earth
'•s now Imminent a n d Possible : The great
Durthday in the K i n g d o m of G o d is at hand.
Let us cry mightily to God. Let every
pulpit flame with a tongue of fire. Let
3very missionary secretary and missionary
society take up the work of Poreign Mis-
dons with renewed confidence and joy.
W e need a sense of responsibility and a
sense of willingness. These are coming to
more hearts than ever before. The Lord
Almighty is to-day girding His Church
with power. She cannot be satisfied with
anything short of a colossal enterprise such
as the evangelization of the whole world in
199
the present generation. The very great-
ness of the task will but serve to bring her
love and devotion toflood-tide.The rush-
ingfiresof another Pentecost are coming.
Shall w e be ready by love, self-surrender
and penitence ? W e are caUed up to the
mount of a larger outlook from which w e
see all the world for Christ and Christ for
all the world.
—Rev. W m . M. Bell, D. D.
TAKE COUEAGE.
Bishop Whipple has said: " There is no
failure in Christian work ; the only failure
is in not doing it." A n d General Arm-
strong has added, " W h a t are Christians
put into the world for, except to do the
impossible in the strength of G o d ? "
The sainted Baxter's one regret at the
close of his life was couched in these
words. . " I remember no one
sin that m y conscience doth so m u c h ac-
cuse and judge m e for as for doing so
little for the saving of men's souls, and for
dealing no more fervently and earnestly
with them for their conversion."
Ethiopia is certainly lifting up her hands,
not only to God, but in defense against the
vices of civilization. A Zulu church re-
cently organized has it among its by-laws
that " no member shall be permitted to
drink the white man's grog."
T h e King of Samoa has issued a procla-
mation forbidding, under pain of heavy
penalties, any native Samoan or Pacific
islander to sell or to give away any intoxi-
cating drinks whatever. A n exchange asks
a pertinent question anent this proclama-
tion : " W h o is the barbarian ? "
A missionary says : " I baptized an old
woman, over ninety-eight years of age. I
just wish you could see her, a very faithful
200 Editorial Notes.
old soul, always at church on Sabbath,
even though she has to walk three miles to
come to church. Another time I baptized
a m a n w h o dates his knowledge of the
Bible to aboutfifteenyears back. W h e n I
asked him at his examination w h y he did
not profess Christ in baptism before, he
said, ' I was a slave to drink; I couldn't
give up m y toddy.' I asked him if he felt
G o d could help him overcome that evil.
H e said, yes, that G o d had removed the
desire, and n o w he was free and 'wished to
be baptized."
Archdeacon Parrar says: At the end of
three centuries after Christ if the whole
h u m a n race had passed in their long
procession before you—that interminable
procession between the two eternities—then
only one out of every hundred andfiftyof
EDITORIAL
—The Heeald or Mission News has
some friends. A few seem indifferent to
its claims, evidently deriving no benefit
from its missionary articles and facts, and
consequently unwilling to contribute the
enormous s u m offiftycents a year towards
its support. They have our profound
sympathy. T h e vast majority, however,
realizing that the Magazine is not issued
for personal aggrandizement, but wholly
as a missionary agency, show themselves
keenly alive to their responsibility to ex-
tend its circulation and thus help on the
work that it represents. Its most loyal
supporters are the laborers themselves,
m a n y m e n and w o m e n in thefieldinsisting
that ten or more copies shall, at their ex-
pense, be put into the hands of friends
the h u m a n race would have been a Chris-
tian ; but now, after thefiercelight of crit-
icism and of civilization has been burning
for nearly nineteen centuries upon the
records of the Gospels, if the whole human
race were n o w to pass before us in that
interminable procession, one perhaps in
every three would o w n and proclaim the
n a m e of Christ. Is it not then perfectly
erroneous to talk of the failure of Missions,
w h e n they started 'with one hundred and
twenty despised Galileans, and when now
—taking the number of Protestants in the
world alone, and not taking the number of
other divisions of Christians^—there are at
least one hundred and twenty milhons of
Protestants, and they have in their power
almost all the wealth and almost all the
resources of the world?
N O T E S .
w h o would not otherwise see it. Not un-
frequently, too, letters are received at this
office, full of good 'wishes and gratifying
expressions of interest in the cause of
Poreign Missions. B u t the personal refer-
ences that such letters contain naturally
rule them out of our columns. Only the
other day a minister, not in the member-
ship of the Eeformed Presbyterian Ohurch,
bore this testimony to the pleasure and
profit with which he read the Herald of
Mission N e w s : " T h e letter of Brother
George on the Indians' First Communion
is worth ten times the subscription."
—Onoe more we ask the prayers and
Christian sympathies of the whole Ohurch
for the young ministers who, with their
 Editorial Notes. 201
'wives, expect to leave this country within I received the Herald of Mission News for
a few weeks for their n e wfieldof labor in August, I did not know w h o the mission-
China. It is a singular honor to be called, aries are. A n d when I read your state-
as A. I. E o b b and Elmer McBurney are, ment that " arrangements will be made for
to go out at such a crucial hour in the their departure at as early a date as prac-
history of missionary work in that empire. ticable," m y soul rejoiced in God. So
But whUe w e congratulate them, w e ask long have I anxiously desired to see a
for them a continuous interest in the Eeformed Presbyterian Mission in China,
prayers of God's people. The spirit that and so many years of increasing desire
led to the massacre at Kucheng prevails have passed, with only slow progress and
stm, and the special hostility of such with m a n y disappointments, when now I
people as the Vegetarians and other pecul- read that the laborers have been " secured "
iar sects is not unlikely to manifest itselfand that their " departure will be at an
in a more widespread and determined early date," I praise G o d for the hope that
opposition to the hated foreigner and all I m a y soon see those young ambassadors
that pertains to him. It is to be expected of Christ on board a China steamer and
that troublous times will mark the coming sailing out through Golden Gate for the
of the predicted era of real progress. But port of H o n g Kong. It will indeed be a
the Lord reigns. His hand directs and joyful day. " H o p e deferred maketh the
controls all movements in society ; and H eheart sick; but when the desire cometh, it
will not disregard the prayer of the des- is a tree of life."
titute. W h a t these beloved brethren de- After the arrival of the missionaries in
China, and arrangements for the study of
sire, above all things, is the self-surrender
that brings with it the infilling of the the language, one of the most important
Holy Spirit and consequent equipment for questions will be as to the particular loca-
service. Then, wherever they go, they tion of the Mission—where shall be the
will be accompanied by the guardian center of operations ? Without doubt, this
forces: " All authority is Mine," and " Lo,should be left to the laborers themselves.
I am with you always." They only will be capable of judging ; and
both Board and Synod should award to
—It gives us peculiar pleasure to insert them the exercise of this right after they
the following communication from Eev. N. shall have surveyed the field. T o us here
R. Johnston, of Oakland, California, w h o it seems beyond doubt that the location
sees in the probably early departure of should be not in the remote and hot and
ordained ministers to China the partial unhealthy province of Yunnan, but some-
fulfillment of a long-cherished desire: where in the K w a n g Tung province, of
the mission to china. which Canton is the principal city, and
Editor Herald of Mission N e w s : from which come almost all the immigrants
Though I had heard by private letter to the United States; and w e hope that
that the Poreign Board had " secured the the Spirit will cause the missionaries so to
-services of two excellent young ministers see, and that the providences of the Media-
for China," until yesterday evening, when tor 'will so indicate.
202 Editorial Notes.

Then will come another question, as to that the m e n w h o go from this Church
the employment of a native helper, with- shall go into unoccupied territory and open
out which little or no work oan be done. n e w ground." T h e reply of Synod
Happy will the new laborers be if they oan through its committee was: " T h e choice
procure a good Covenanter helper, w h o of the particular field to which the mis-
can be not only a good interpreter but a sionaries to China go, shall be left to the
good Bible reader, and a kind of lay wisdom of the Board." W e are quite con-
preacher or evangelist. fident that the Board will be loyal to that
The question of a physician can be de- trust. T h e young m e n w h o go out as the
ferred probably until the Board can send representatives and messengers of the
out a well qualified medical missionary Eeformed Presbyterian Churches shall have
who, if possible, should be a woman. virgin territory as a field of operations.
Let m e unite with the editor of the A n d our good brother m a y rest assured
Herald of Mission News in saying that that when the question of locality comes
" the churches should be earnest in prayer up for consideration, the whims and prefer-
for these brethren, that they m a y receive ences of individuals shall be buried out of
a fresh enduement of spiritual power and sight. The one point to be decided will be
be thoroughly qualified for work to which " W h a t wUl be for the glory of the Re-
they have consecrated their energies.'' deemer and the best interests of the cause?"
A n d let m e add this, that to few young
m e n of the Covenanter Church are given —At the last meeting of Synod it was
such pri'rileges as our young brothers are reported that, " at the close of the fiscal
about to enjoy; and, if honors are to be year (March 30th), the Treasury was over-
thought of by Christ's servants, theirs willdrawn to the extent of $5,97479." Notic-
be a beautiful crown. ing this statement, the 'wife of one of our
N. E. J. missionaries wrote us recently enclosing a
Oakland, Gal., A u g . 1, 1895. cheque for flfty dollars towards the
liquidation of this debt. If one who has
It is gratifying to receive these sugges- already denied herself so many things
tions from Mr. Johnston. His long experi- which those remainicg at h o m e enjoy, can
ence as missionary for years to the Chinese give so liberally out of a limited income
on the Pacific Coast entitles him to a re- for this purpose, surely there are one hun-
spectful hearing. But it would be cruel dred other ladies in the Church who can
and cowardly to roll over on his shoulders each contribute the same amount, and thus
the whole responsibility of locating the make good the over-draft at once. This
new Mission to China. After naming a is what she desires, with the blessing of
number of places yet unoccupied, the last the Lord, to accomplish.
report of the Board says : " W e would
like to have Synod express its judgment —A few days ago two sisters, when re-
as to which of these localities should be newing their subscription to the Hebald
selected, or name some other point. The OF Mission News, enclosed an additional
only thing w e are inclined to insist on is fifty cents that the paper may be sent to a
 Editorial Notes. 203
friend for a year, and one dollar towards Assembly, "Eeverend Ministers of the
the Mission to be established in China, Gospel at Edinburgh," Alexander Hender-
with the simple remark: " The heathen son and others.
perish at the rate of one a second, and one- 4. Act of General Assembly of Church
fourth of the inhabitants of the globe are of Scotland and Ordinance of the Lords
Chinese." W e are not allowed to publish and C o m m o n s regarding the Solemn
any names, but the offering of these sis- League and Covenant.
ters is, as if one of our rich m e n were to 5. Discourse by Eev. Robert Douglas
pay ten thousand dollars into the Treasury at the Coronation of Charles II.; the Cere-
of that n e w enterprise. " Hath not G o d mony of the Coronation; the Oath of
chosen the poor of this world, rich in faithCoronation; and the Declaration of Charles
and heirs of the kingdom which H e hath II. concerning the Covenants and work of
promised to them that love Him?" Reformation.
6. The Acts Rescissory ; the Act of 1670
—Since last report the following con- against Conventicles ; the Towood Excom-
tribution has been sent us towards the munication by Donald Cargill; the Sanqu-
salary of the Young Women's Missionary har Declaration, etc.
for a third year: 7. Essay on the Covenants by Rev. Dr.
Miss Myrtle Tippin $3 65 Kerr, Glasgow, w h o wUl edit " T h e Cov-
Gregory, Kan. enants and the Covenauters."
8. IUustrations of Greyfriars' Churoh-
yard, Edinburgh, where the National
published soon, about 450 pages, crown 8vo. Covenant was signed at the beginning of
THE COVENANTS AND THE COV- the Second Reformation; and St. Marga-
ENANTERS. ret's, Westminster, where the Westminster
Standards were prepared and the Solemn
The most interesting collection of Cov- League and Covenant subscribed by the
enanting papers ever published in one House of C o m m o n s and Westminster
volume. This n e w volume will contain—
Assembly.
1. Copies of the National Covenant of The book wUl be pubUshed at $1.2.5 per
Scotland, and the Solemn League and copy, to aU w h o order it on or before the
Covenant of the Three Kingdoms. 30th of September. Should the number
2. Eight Sermons on the Renovation of of subscribers be very large, the price wUl
the National Covenant and the Subscribing be $1 per copy. After the list of sub-
of the Solemn League and Covenant. scribers is closed, the price wiU be $1.75.
They were delivered at Edinburgh, Glas- Puller prospectuses wiU be sent on ap-
gow, St. Andrews, Inverness, etc. The plication, and wUl be accompanied by fac-
Preachers included Alexander Henderson simUes of four of the title pages of the
and several members of the Westminster above sermons in " A Collection of Several
Assembly. Remarkable and Valuable Sermons," etc.,
3. Exhortations and Addresses regard- issued 155 years ago, with Preface by
ing the Covenants by the Westminster Ebenezer Erskine.
204 Editorial Notes.

Address, Rev. Dr. Kerr, 19 Queen Square,
Glasgow, Scotland.
W e hope that this valuable volume on the
Covenants a n d Covenanters, which Dr.
Kerr is about to issue, wiU have a wide cir-
culation. It should have a place in the
library of every Covenanter famUy in the
United States and Canada, and w e cordial-
ly c o m m e n d it to all our readers. H e wUl
be wise w h o adds his name at once to the
list of subscribers.

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75
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS,
OCTOBER. REPORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A.
O U R VIEWS OF
A STATESMAN ON MISSIONS.
The following letter from the Hon.
Charles Denby, United States Minister to
China, bears sueh honest and manly testi-
mony to the value and influence of foreign
missionary work that we take the liberty of
reprinting it from the Review of Missions :
Legation of the United States,
Peking, March 25, 1895.
To ihe Hon. Walter Q. Gresham, Secretary
of State, Washington, D. G.
Sib : During m y recent short stay in the
United States so many inquiries were made
of me touching Christian Missions in China,
and the work that they are doing, that I
have concluded to send to you m y views of
this important subject.
I beg to premise that m y official position
causes m e to be more guarded in express-
ing m y views than I would otherwise be.
I suppose the main, broad and crucial
question to be answered touching mission-
ary work in China is, Does it do good?
This question may properly be divided into
two. Let us look at them separately.
First, does missionary work benefit the
Chinese ? I think that no one can contro-
vert the patent fact that the Chinese are
enormously benefited by the labors of the
missionaries in their midst. Foreign hos-
pitals are a great boon to the sick. China,
before the advent of the foreigner, did not
1895.
MISSION W O R K .
know what surgery was. There are more
than twenty oharity hospitals in China,
which are presided over by men of as great
ability as can be found elsewhere in the
world. Dr. Kerr's hospital in Canton is
one of the great institutions of the kind in
the world. The Viceroy, Li Hung Chang,
has for years maintained at Tientsin, at his
own expense, a foreign hospital.
In the matter of education the movement
is immense. There are schools and col-
leges all over China taught by the mission-
aries. I have been present often at the
exhibitions given by these schools. They
show progress in a great degree. The
educated Chinaman who speaks Enghsh
becomes a new man. H e commences to
think. A long time before the present war
the Emperor was studying English, and it
is said was fast acquiring the language.
Nowhere is education more sought than in
China. The government is, to some extent,
founded on it. The system of examina-
tions prevaUing in the district, the province,
and Peking is too well known to require
comment. The graduates became expect-
ant officials. There is a Chinese Imperial
College at Peking, the Tung Wen, presided
over by our distinguished fellow-citizen.
Dr. W . A. P. Martin; also, a university
conducted by the Methodist Mission. There
are also many foreign orphan asylums in
various cities, which take care of thousands
206 Our Views of Mission Work.
of waifs. The missionaries translate into
Chinese m a n y scientific and philosophical
works. A former missionary, Dr. Edkins,
translated a whole series of school readers.
Reflect that all these benefactions oome
to the Chinese without m u c h of any cost.
W h e r e charges are m a d e they are exceed-
ingly small, and are m a d e only when they
are necessary to prevent a rush, which in
this vast population would overwhelm any
institution. There are various anti-opium
hospitals where the victims of this vice are
cured. There are industrial schools and
workshops.
This is a very brief and incomplete sum-
mary of what missionaries are doing for the
Chinese. Protestants and Catholics from
nearly every country under the sun are en-
gaged in this work, and in m y opinion they
do nothing but good.
I leave out of this discussion the religious
benefits conferred by converting Chinese
to Christianity. This, of course, is the one
supreme object and purpose of the mission-
aries to which all else is subsidiary, but the
subject is not to be discussed by a minister
of the United States. There is no estab-
lished religion in the United States, and the
American Buddhist, M o h a m m e d a n , Jew, in-
fidel, or any other religionist would receive
at the hands of his country's representa-
tives abroad exactly the same consideration
and protection that a Christian would. I
can only say that converts to Christianity
are numerous. There are supposed to be
40,000 Protestant converts n o w in China,
and at least 500,000 Catholic converts.
There are m a n y native Christian churches.
The converts seem to be as devout as peo-
ple of any other race.
As far as m y knowledge extends, I can
and do say that the missionaries in China
are self-sacrificing, that their lives are pure,
that they are devoted to their work, that
their influence is beneflcial to the natives,
that the arts and sciences and ci'vilization
are greatly spread by their efforts, that
m a n y useful Western books are translated
by them into Chinese, that they are the
leaders in all charitable work, giving largely
themselves, and personally distributing the
funds with which they are entrusted; that
they do make converts, and such converts
are mentally benefited by conversion.
In answer to these statements, which are
usually acknowledged to be true, does not
do to say, as if the answer were conclusive,
that the literati and gentry are usually op-
posed to missionaries. This antagonism
was to have been expected. The mission-
aries antagonize the worship of ancestors,
which is one of the fundamental principles
of the Chinese polity. They compel their
converts to keep the Sabbath holy. The
Chinese have no Sabbath. They work
every day except N e w Year's day and other
holidays. N o n e w religion ever w o n its
way without meeting with serious opposi-
tion.
Under the treaties the missionary has
the right to go to China. This right being
admitted, no amount of antagonism can
prevent its exercise.
In the second place, let us see whether
and h o w foreign countries are benefited by
missionary work done in China.
Missionaries are the pioneers of trade
and commerce. Civilization, learning and
instruction breed n e w wants which com-
merce supplies. Look at the electric tele-
graph n o w in every province in China but
one ; look at the steamships which ply
along the coast from H o n g K o n g to New-
ohwang, and on the Yang tze up to Hankow
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
—handsome foreign cities, object lessons
to the Chinese. Look at the raUroad being
now built from the Yellow Sea to the
Amoor, of which about 200 miles are com-
pleted. Will any one say that the 1,500
missionaries in China of Protestants, and
perhaps more of Catholics, have not con-
tributed to these results?
T w o hundred and fifty years ago the
pious Catholic fathers taught astronomy,
mathematics and the languages at Peking.
The interior of China would have been
nearly unknown to the outer world had not
the missionaries visited it and described it.
Some one m a y say that commercial agents
might have done as m u c h ; but they are not
allowed to locate in the interior. T h e mis-
sionary, inspired by holy zeal, goes every-
where, and by degrees foreign commerce
and trade follow. I suppose that whenever
I T E M S O F M I S S I O N A R Y
ABEOAD.
Latakia, Syria.—There is little
port in regard to the work in this field
during the hot season. Miss Cunningham,
of Suadia, is keeping Miss Wylie company
m Latakia, w h U e the rest of the workers
are in the mountains, resting for a
few weeks. Eev. M r . Stewart, writing
from Kessab, July 25th, speaks of the un-
settled condition of the country. H e says:
" W e hardly feel safe this s u m m e r a m o n g
the Armenians. There have been, accord-
ing to reports that have reached us, two
Moslems kUled within an hour or two of
Kessab during the last few days. T h e Ar-
menians are fully armed with shotguns and
207
an uncivilized or semi-civUized country be-
comes civilized that its trade and dealings
•with Western nations increase. Humanity
has not devised any better, or even any as
good engine, or means for civilizing savage
people, as proselytism to Christianity. T h e
history of the world attests this fact.
In the interest, therefore, of civUization,
missionaries ought not only to be tolerated,
but ought to receive protection to which
they are entitled from officials, and en-
couragement from other classes of people.
It is too early n o w to consider what effect
the existing war m a y have on the interests
of Missions. It is quite probable, however,
that the spirit of progress developed by it
will make Mission work more important and
influential than it has ever been.
I have the honor to be, etc.,
Chaelbs Dbnbt.
INTELLIGENCE.
some of them with rifies, and are expecting
trouble in the near future. But H e w h o
sitsre-
to on high, and H e only, knows what the
days to come have in store for this land."
M r . Stewart also refers to the serious
illness of the Mission Agent, Francis Fat-
tal, who, according to later information,
received indirectly, has passed away, leav-
ing a large and dependent family.
Suadia, Syria.—The foUowmg letter
from Rev. J. Boggs Dodds does not con-
tain any news touching the work in this
fleld, as it was written with an entirely
different object in view. W e cannot, how-
ever, deny ourselves the pleasure of pub-
lishing it, that the churches m a y gather
208 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
therefrom inspiration and stimulus to
greater activity in the work of the Lord:
" The Herald of Mission News is here,
with its inspiring fund of news of church
activity. W e have read it with thanksgiv-
ing, and yet with a sigh. Mrs. Dodds
devoured the magazine at one sitting, and
then rising, spoke m y thoughts exactly:
If after so long a time there is yet no one
' willing and desirous' of going to China
from America, w e ask you to put the ques-
tion in this form: ' W h o wiU go to Syria
and relieve Mr. and Mrs. Dodds and let
them go to China ?' W e were ready at
first—we are n o w just as willing. If w e
have succeeded in erecting buildings here
for others to do a higher (?) work in, may-
be the Master will also allow us to lay the
foundation for another ' Temple Beautiful'
in China. Our hearts burn within us for
fear lest an entrance m a y be closed. If no
one will go to China, send some one here.
W e are ready to go to China and begin
anew, or w e will go to Africa, where Arabic
is needed in the work among the great
Soudanese, of whose 150,000,000 peoples
in large proportion use Arabic as their
sacred tongue and as their only literary
language. W h y does the Church cry in
vain for laborers ? Is there a choice of
fields ? W h e n the rest are occupied, send
us to the neglected place, with your bless-
ing. There are multitudes of perishing
souls in South America. If China is under
the ban of prejudice, look elsewhere. W e
are content here—anywhere.
" This letter is the expression of our deep
sorrow that m a n y are not saying, ' Here
a m I, send m e ! ' W e mean all that w e
say, and more.
" 0 most loving Saviour! why is there
need to stand with outstretched hand so
long for laborers? Are w e as a Church
looking away from our work to a dream
and a delusion? M a y the Shepherd of
Israel lead His people aright.
" W e rejoice in the prominence given in
Synod to prayer for the workers afield.
W e are n o w looking for the answer that is
en route. The Jewish Missions are a spe-
cial delight to us, and the Indian Mission
sends us to G o d with praise."
In a private letter to a friend in N e w
York, Mrs. Dodds writes: " W e are per-
fectly happy in our work, and would not
leave it unless an imperative command
came from the Lord to do so. W e are
ready to do His wiU. O that laborers
would enter in and possess China and
Africa! Our cry is that the Lord close not
the door of opportunity to our Church.''
Meesine, Asia Minor.—Miss Jennie B.
Dodds, writing August 10th, says: " W e are
all well, though the heat in this place is
fearful. The cholera is on the decline, but
I fear it will be some time before the quar-
antine is removed."
Cyprus.—After spending several months
on the island and, as his letters show,
meeting with a good measure of suc-
cess, though bitterly opposed at times.
Rev. R. J. Dodds has returned to
Asia Minor. M . Daoud Saada con-
tinues to preach there, but an ordained
minister is needed to take charge of the
work. W h o will go ? A young physician
has been appointed to represent us on the
island provided that a minister can be se-
cured to go with him. The Board will not
send him alone. Here is a splendid oppor-
tunity for missionary work that ought to
be improved.
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
N e w Hebrides—The PresbyterianRecord,
of Canada, publishes a letter from Rev. J.
W . Mackenzie, written at Erakor, Efate,
N e w Hebrides, June 10, 1895, from which
we clip the following interesting para-
graphs :
The good work is progressing slowly, but
steadily, at Mele. Over sixty have joined
us since this time last year. In one sense,
we are better pleased that they are coming
in gradually, as w e can overtake them more
successfully in school. W e are managing
very nicely, both there and at Pila, in re-
gard to the language. A s you m a y be
aware, the language of these two islets is
altogether different from that spoken on
the mainland of Efate. W h e n w e began
to visit them, none of the children and but
few of the w o m e n could understand the
Efatese. Most of the m e n could under-
stand it, and some of them could speak it,
as they had had more intercourse with the
mainland.
Teachers from Erakor have been settled
at both P U a and Mele, and Efatese books
have been placed in their hands ; and so
now, not only can the w o m e n and children
understand the Efatese, but most of them
can speak it. Strange, their language is
like that of Aniwa and Futuna, and like
the Samoan.
A m o n g those w h o recently renounced
heathenism at Mele is Mal, the principal
chief of the island. In days gone by he
did his best to prevent us from -visiting
them, and on more than one occasion
threatened m y life. Those w h o have not
yet eome in are quite friendly, and not
only allow the teachers to have ser'vice in
their huts, but some of them ask them to
do so. The same time the chief just re-
erred to joined us, several children came
209
to churoh for thefirsttime along with their
parents.
Another little boy whose father is still
heathen was very anxious to come with
them, but his father would not consent.
W h e n he saw the other boys start off, he
began to cry, and kept on crying the greater
part of the day. The father's heart was
touched, and in the evening he allowed him
to go to Sabbath-sohool, so he bounded off
with a happy heart. H e had on a man's
shirt which some one had lent him for the
occasion.
The Mele people—although untU recently
they buried thefirst-bornalive, thinking
the mother would have no more children if
they failed to do so—are very fond of their
children. Finer looking children you can-
not find anywhere in the group.
In m y last report I told you h o w grieved
I was that a number of m y young men, to
w h o m I had devoted a good deal of time,
had been taken away to Queensland. I am
glad to know that m y interest in them has
not been altogether fruitless. Several of
them have since written to m e , expressing
their sorrow for having gone away, and as-
suring m e that they have not forgotten the
instruction I gave them.
One thing especially m a d e their hearts
very sore, as they expressed it. They heard
that some of their class-mates w h o m they
had left behind were n o w settled out as
teachers, working for the Lord Jesus,
whereas they were serving an earthly
master.
O n e of them wished to know if it would
be right for him to teach others, having left
sohool as he had done. H e said that there
were some heathen natives from other is-
lands working on the same plantation with
him, w h o had asked him to teach them. I
210 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
of course told him that if his conduct was
exemplary it would be quite right for him
to do so. S o m e time afterwards he told
m e h o w pleased they were that he was in-
structing them. They asked him h o w he
had learned so m u c h about G o d and His
W o r d , and he replied : " M y missionary
taught m e in school from the time I was a
little boy." " W h e n I told them this," he
adds, " h o w they did praise you.''
Madagascar.—A missionary of the Lon-
don Missionary Society says in regard to
Christian work on this island : " Notwith-
standing the landing of French troops on
the shores of this island. Christian work
of all kinds goes on in the interior, and
to a large extent on the coast, with hardly
any interruption. It is remarkable h o w
little excitement there is amongst the
people generally. N o doubt m a n y are
anxious about the future, and a very earnest
spirit of prayer seems everywhere manifest;
but there is, at present at least, nothing
like panic or any irritated feeling against
foreigners, and this surely is due to the in-
direct as well as direct influences of Chris-
tianity upon the Malagasy, Our congre-
gations have steadily increased for some
months past, and it is something pathetic
to hear the prayers for God's protection
which are constantly made. The French
are often prayed for, that G o d would teach
them to do right, and take them in safety
back to their o w n land. Surely all this w e
m a y recognize as the direct result of the
Gospel of Christ."
Uganda, Africa.—We read of 1,000 bap-
tisms during the past year, of 130 native lodgment a m o n g the same tribe; and the
evangelists, of 185 stations, of 200 buildings missionaries of the London Missionary So-
for public worship in the country districts, ciety on Tanganyika have also attempted
and of an average of 4,000 worshipers to get an entrance, and failed so recently
daily and 20,000 on Sabbath, not including
the capital. A m o n g other striking facts
recorded are the foUowing : That the chiefs
throughout the country are building a
church for each tribe, and providing it with
a glebe; that between 30,000 and 40,000
of the people are n o w able to read; that
the churches are so crowded that many are
unable to find entrance to them; that
10,000 of single Gospels and Acts have
been sold during the year; and that in
M e n g o (the capital) alone an average of
twenty-five adults are being baptized every
week. Under circumstances like these we
cannot but rejoice that Uganda is to remain
under a British protectorate, and that a
raUway is to be made to it from the coast.
— C h u r c h Missionary Gleaner.
Li'Vinqstonia, Africa. — In connection
with the Livingstonia Mission, a new sta-
tion has been opened at Mwenzo, near the
British South Africa Company's post of
Fife, on the plateau between Nyasa and
Tanganyika. T h e village belongs to the
W i n y a m w a n g a tribe, the chief of which
now lives with most of his people in Ger-
m a n territory, two days' journey off. The
country of the A w e m b a , the most numerous
and influential tribe of that region, as the
Ngoni are of that on the west side of Nyasa,
is onlyfifteenmiles distant, and the im-
portance of the n e w station seems to be
chiefly in the prospect that from it a footing
m a y be obtained among them. The French
Jesuits, from their station at M a m b w e , at
the south end of Tanganyika, have for
some time been endeavoring to effect a
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 211

as August of last year. In NgonUand, the of their young friend, David R. C.

workof education and evangelization among son, who was accidentally killed March 25,
the lately wild Zulus, the Ngoni, on the 1895. David, the third son of Adam and
uplands towards the northwest of Lake Isabella A. Herbison, was born March 16,
Nyasa, goes on apace. The Mission to 1875; was received into the fellowship of
them was begun in 1882. The two flrst ^^^ Church when very young, and was at
years were spent in mere occupation. N o t^^ time of his removal an active member
"' , , ,, -, , , , , - , 1 of the oongregation. His sudden death is
school was aUowed; only three lads used ^ gojgj^^ warning to us to be also ready.
to come in secret and get instruction from W e sincerely sympathize with his bereaved
the missionary after dark. T w o of them now parents, brother and sister, and commend
occupy the position of being thefirsttwo tl^em to God our Saviour, in the sure confi-
, -1,1, . . ni. • i- i 1, dence that H e will fulfill His covenant
convertsandtheforemostChristianteachers ^,^^^,3^ ^^^ ^i^it ^^^^ ^itl, ^^^ consola-
in the land. In 1886 that little secret night ^Jq^ qJ jjjg Holy Spirit.
school became a public day sohool, with Margery Beckett,
50 scholars under Dr. Elmslie and two President.
assistants. A severe drought that year was
the means used of God to bring the Ngoni New Alexandria, Pa.—L. M. Society, of
to a better frame of mind, so that opposi- New Alexandria R . P Churoh, reports as
,. .,, -, -I Tl . iji follows for the year 1894:
tion was withdrawn, and liberty granted to -^ jjj,cj,jpj,g.
teach the children. Out of that little school Balance from 1893 $ 3 41
there have now grown three stations. Dues 57 55
manned by three Europeans, two of w h o m Donations 17 qn
are married; 41 native assistants—33 males ^i|f ^.°^es
, „ „ ', „ . , , -, ^„ Collections 99 <9
and 8 females; 3 senior schools and lb rpj^^j^jj offering 20 00
junior schools, having 1,300 scholars; 25
baptized converts; 41 candidates for bap- $213 57
tism; hearers'classes for men and women, disbursements. «cn nn
.,.',.,, , ., rp, „ Indian Mission $5000
and industrial classes for girls. The gen- ^^^ ^^^ j^^.^^^ Mission, valued at.. 32 00
eral hfe of the people, moraUy and sociaUy, y^eight on same 0 13
is improved, and their attitude is so favor- Thank offering, Indian Mission... 20 00
able to the reception of the Gospel, that Foreign Mission................. 36 00
were the present stations thoroughly ^ ^ ^ J j ^ ° . '. . "°'.'.' 40 00
equipped for steady work both among Deficit in Dr. Moore's salary'.'. !.. • 2340
men and women, and perhaps another sta- Southern Mission 6 35
tion or two begun, NgonUand might be Domestic Mission •„•'' J '' ^ ^^
Christianized in the immediate future.- Erection of Medical Rooms, Suadea, ^ ^^
Free Church Monthly. Money' o'r'd'ers' and' p'o'stage.'.'.'.'.' .* 0 44

AT HOME. Total $213 33

Bear Run, Pa.—The ladies of the Mis- Balance m treasury 0 24
sionary Society of Bear Eun Congregation Mary A. C. Shaw, ^^^^^
record with great sorrow of heart the death
212 Monographs.

M O N O G R A P H S .
ONE IN CHEIST. kindness and earnestness of their Japanese
A most interesting manifestation of 'brethren.' There is just a touch of
Christian brotherhood is reported from the romance in it, not unwelcome in our
Pescadores, islands belonging to Formosa, sober, steady-going Presbyterian Mission
and ceded to Japan along with it. There work."—Montfily Messenger.
is a little group of believers, organized into
LAST DAYS.
a church, in the town of Makung on the
south end of the largest of the Pescadores. You will understand that Suadia does
W h e n the Japanese landed at Makung, not have as grand commencements as
and took possession of the town, many of Geneva or Latakia, but we get excited and
the inhabitants retreated to the north of anxious as "the last day'' draws near. I
the little island. Among them was the speak for the pupils.
group of Makung believers. Their place On Friday, July 12th, I went down to
of worship, outside one cf the gates of the Suadia and found that the rumors of
town, was among the buildings occupied cholera and war were altogether unfounded.
by the Japanese. As its forms, platform, W e had the usual services on the Sabbath.
books, etc., had disappeared, there was O n Monday morning I attended the ex-
nothing about it to indicate its character. amination in the girls' school. No great-
By and by the Christians returned to er stimulus would be needed by the pro-
Makung, and asked that their church moters of Christ's kingdom than to listen
might be restored to them. This was at to these children rendering the harvest of
once granted, and they resumed their the culture bestowed during the year.
services. In the Japanese force were some They recited catechisms of several kinds,
Christians, and as soon as the Chinese and many psalms; they read in the New
Christian Churoh was resumed, they be- Testament and in the Old; in readers and
gan to attend the services. Day by day other studies they showed encouraging
ever since, the Japanese Christians and the advance. One of the most gratifying in-
Chinese Christians have worshiped to- stances was to hear little Fellaheen read
gether. They do not understand each very inteUigently in the New Testament
other's speech; but they can all read the after having been but one year in school.
Chinese written language, and so they Just to test their intelUgence we asked
have a means of communication with each questions quite disconnected with the
other by pen, if not by speech. It is a studies in which they were being examined
beautiful Christian union. Mr. Barclay, and their answers were prompt and cor-
who writes about it, with a glad and thank- rect. One thing is apparent and at the
ful heart says: " A number of officers, a same time gratifying, and that is that the
pastor, a doctor, and some soldiers from religious instruction far outstrips the
among the Japanese attend. Our Chinese secular.
Christians write in warm praise of the After the girls were examined, we went
 Monographs.
to the boys' school and found similar grat-
ification in hearing the lads answer ques-
tions in religious instruction—in grammar,
in arithmetic and in geography.
After the examinations in each of the
schools, appropriate presents were dis-
tributed in the form of prizes, and the
chUdren went away happy and desirous of
coining back next year.
Monday evening, the parents of the
girls were invited to a little entertainment
given by the girls in Miss Cunningham's
parlor. I wish that you could have seen
the assembly. Proud, arrogant Greeks
and despised Fellaheen meeting on one
common footing and treated alike. The
httle girls passed the evening very pleas-
antly to us all. Their lady principal gave
a magic-lantern exhibition of views that
led to a most searching Gospel talk. Then
the girls sang songs and passed refresh-
ments. In this latter act of hospitality,
the daughter of a Greek, acting from the
force of training at h o m e and the universal
sentiment of society, did not pass anything
to the Fellaheen. W h e n reminded of her
neglect by her teacher, she readily obeyed
but with a sort of wonderment, for " were
they not only Fellaheen?" But I a m
sure that a stranger would not have been
able to detect any difference between
Greek and Fellaheen a m o n g the school
children.
O n Tuesday the chUdren had all gone
home, various matters of business de-
manded attention during the course of the
day, and preparations were m a d e for the
journey to Kessab on the morrow. W h e n
morning came, there came also the usual
throng of people clamoring for medicine,
so that when w e were to start, Miss Cun-
ningham had to leave them standing in
213
the yard while w e rode away. In due
course of time w e reached Kessab, where
w e remained over Thursday. W e have in
this mountain village three missionary
families—Eev. James S. Stewart's, Dr.
Moore's and ourselves, and also Miss Mc-
Naughton, of Latakia, and Miss Lynd, of
Damascus. Friday morning at 3 o'clock
Miss Cunningham and I mounted our
mules and went to Latakia, whither Mr.
Stewart had gone the Tuesday before to
prepare for the transaction of some special
business when w e would arrive. By
straining a point or two, Mr. Stewart and
I were on the return journey to Kessab
while the stars were yet shining, Saturday
morning, leaving Misses Wylie and Cun-
ningham to keep one another company
during vacation in Latakia. W e reached
our homes in due time somewhat wearied
by long hours over mountain paths. But
the Sabbath, with its holy rest to soul and
body, refreshed us so that w e were ready
to settle down to a few weeks of solid
study of the Arabic with an excellent
teacher w h o is here with his family for the
vacation in school work.
With seven hours per day of close study
and an occasional trip to watch over the
work, the " summer in the mountains " of
the missionary differs from " a summer in
the mountains" of the pleasure seekers at
home. But w e are pleasure seekers. W e
seek for ourselves and others those pleas-
ures that are evermore at the right hand
of God. W e are cheered by many special
efforts of the helpers at home, such as the
Christian Endeavorers, of Olathe, Kan., and
of N e w Castle, Pa., and the Eighth Street
Sabbath-school of Pittsburg, and others,
whose substantial aid has made possible
the gathering of chUdren from homes of
214 Monographs.
darkness to give them such a training that
makes these same children radiators of
Gospel light in their homes, where they
n o w can read the W o r d to the inmates.
M a n y are saying, " But when wUl the har-
vest time come? W h e n wUl w e hear of
even a limited number coming to acknowl-
edge Christ ?"
When the ground is plowed
And the seed is so'wn,
When the rains have fallen
And the sun'has shone;
Yet give the harvest time
E'en till others share it.
For patient must we be
W h o would promises inherit.
J. Boggs Dodds.
Suadia, Syria,
THE WAE IN THE EAST.*
The war between China and Japan was
caused by a rebellion which broke out in
Corea, a peninsula about 600 miles long
and 200 miles wide, having a population of
twelve millions, and lying on the east coast
of Asia, between the Yellow and Japan
Seas.
Corea is believed to be the parent coun-
try of Japan; it dates back to about the
middle of the eighth century, and for cen-
turies has excluded foreigners from its
ports, its only trade being with China and
Japan. T h e Corean Government was un-
able to resist the rebels, and so called on
Chiaa for aid. China immediately sent
troops to Corea, declaring that the penin-
sula was tributary to the Flowery King-
dom. Japan had great interests in Corea,
and so sent out an army for the same pur-
pose. The rebeUion did not last long, and
when it ended Japan asked that some
* Read at the regular monthly meeting of the Women's
Missionary Society of the First Rtformed Presbyterian
Church, Newburgh, N, Y,, and reguested for publication
arrangement be m a d e whereby the Coreans
would be so ruled that they would not
wish to revolt again. T h e only answer
China m a d e was to demand that the Japan-
ese troops be withdrawn, thus lea'ving
China in full possession. Japan refused,
and on the 1st of August issued a declara-
tion of war, in which she claimed that
Corea was an independent State. From
this time the two armies continually faced
each other in battle, and it is strange to
say that the Chinese have not been 'victori-
ous in a single engagement. The first
great victory of the Japanese was at Ping
Yang, in the northern part of Corea, Sep-
tember 16th. Of the Chinese army, 2,000
were kiUed and 14,000 captured. The
same day, in a naval engagement, the
Japanese sunk two of the enemy's iron-
clads and burned two of her cruisers, with-
out losing a single ship of her own.
The Japanese then marched their army
northward and attacked the Chinese at the
mouth of the Yalu Eiver, and captured the
fort, together with extensive stores. They
n o w held the whole of Corea. Advancing
into Manchuria, the third great victory was
at Port Arthur, in November, when the
great naval station of the Chinese was
captured.
A n interesting fact in connection with
these victories is the manner in which
Japan treated her captives. It is told by
a missionary of Japan, that after the battle
of Ping Yang the prisoners and such
wounded as could be safely brought were
returned to Japan. P r o m the mihtary
headquarters, the prisoners were shipped
by rail to northern cities. A s the train
bearing them reached Nagoya, it being a
rainy day, one hundred umbrellas were
produced, and as the prisonersfiledout of
 Monographs.
the cars, between Japanese guards, each
prisoner was furnished with an umbrella
to protect him from the rain. They were
marched along the main streets of the city
to the headquarters of the garrison, thou-
sands of people having gathered, in spite of
the storm, to see a specimen of their con-
quered enemy. There was evidently a
q'uiet satisfaction and rejoicing over the
'victory, but a m o n g the seventy thousand
onlookers there was not one w h o showed
any imkindness, nor did they even cheer.
The m e n were marched at once to their
quarters, given clean clothes and compelled
to take a bath, something with which they
seemed entirely unacquainted. Their quar-
ters were plain but neat, thefloorsbeing
supplied with mats, as in a Japanese house.
Permission was given them to write
home, the only restraint being that the
officer of the day be allowed to read what
was written. In short, the prisoners re-
ceived the same food, the same medical
treatment, the same care as to clothing
and sanitary arrangements, as do Japanese
troops of rank and file.
W h e n China saw that she was being de-
feated she tried to find out the sentiment
of Japan in regard to making peace, with-
out letting the enemy have any official
message from China; so Li H u n g Chang
sent two friends to Japan with a letter
which they pretended was an official notice
that they were peace envoys, but the Japan-
ese Prime Minister discovered the trick and
made them return to China at onoe.
Li H u n g Chang then decided to go to
Japan himself and ask for peace, but a few
days after his arrival he was shot by a
young Japanese, for which the Japanese
Government expressed its regret and
granted his request for a temporary armis-
215.
tice ; by this the Japanese armies were to
make no further advance toward Pekin, nor
to engage in any battles except such as
were provoked by the Chinese soldiers
themselves.
During the interval a treaty of peace was
signed by both nations, the result of which
is, China must open her ports not only to
Japan, but to any nation, and no longer
impose the odious tax which she levied
upon foreign goods and sales; Japan re-
tains all the places she conquered, and
Corea is to be independent.
But w e must not think of Japan fighting
simply to acquire territory, for she stated
explicitly at the beginning of the war that
she did not want to annex Corea, but only
to help her to a true independence; but
Japan was compelled to take this stand in
order to protect her subjects from the
Chinese soldiers, a set of soldiers whoUy
without discipline.
A writer in The Outlook says: " Japan-
was not only right legally, but from a point
of reason also. For the past thirty or forty
years the histories of these two peoples
have marched in divergent lines; China
representing conservatism, stagnation and
death; Japan representing progress, en-
lightenment and civilization. China as she
is, and as some European countries would
have her, is nothing but an immense Dead
Sea; wherever her influence extends there
is helpless misgovernment.
W h e n , therefore, the present trouble
arose, Japan deliberately made up her mind
for good solid war, for she realized that
the opportune m o m e n t had come for her to
arise and decide, once for all, by appeal to
arms, whether Asia was to be left a decayed
carcass for ever, or to be free, independent
and civilized."
216 Editorial Notes.
A s to the effects of the war, there can be
no doubt that it will open the way for the
spread of the Gospel.
At the very beginning of the war, M r .
Loomis, an agent of the American Bible
Society, obtained permission from the
Japanese Government to distribute copies
of the four Gospels among the soldiers.
The copies given were small black books,
2 ^ inches long and 1^ inches wide, each
containing one Gospel complete, in the
Japanese language.
While the missionary work in China has
been interfered with for a time, and the
missionaries somewhat disturbed, yet not
one Protestant missionary was killed dur-
ing the war ; and if China has been brought
to see that she cannot shut herself up as a
nation, oan w e not hope that the Holy
Spirit will lead her to see her spiritual
needs ?
It is n o w the hour for the Church at
h o m e to see that China is given the Gospel.
A nation with a past history such as China
EDITORIAL
—Please notice that the address of the
Herald of Mission News is changed from
325 W . 56th Street to 353 W . 57th Street,
N e w York.
— A t a recent meeting of the Board of
Foreign Missions, Revs. A. I. R o b b and
Elmer McBurney were formally appointed
to missionary work in China as the mes-
sengers and representatives of the Re-
formed Presbyterian Church in America.
A t the Synod in 1894 two ministers were
chosen to thisfield:Rev. E. J. Mclsaac, of
has, is worthy of a great future, and when
a Chinese becomes converted he is a noble
specimen of Christianity.
A s to Corea, she seems to be in a low
and helpless condition. N o w , as never
before, is the opportunity to take the Gos-
pel to these lost ones. ChuUa, which con-
tains one-fifth of the population of the
entire peninsula, is the richest, the most
highly cultivated province, and the chief
manufacturing center of Corea, yet has not
one missionary.
In a Methodist revival held recently in
West Virginia, a Chinaman came forward
and knelt at the altar. Immediately there
sprang from one of the pews a Christian
Japanese, who, with his arm around his
Chinese brother, led him to Christ. M a y
this scene prove symbolic of the result of
this Eastern War, when not only China
but all those nations lying in heathen dark-
ness wiU be brought to the Ught of the
glorious liberty there is in Christ Jesus.
Mary E. Wilson.
NOTES.
Selma, Ala., w h o declined the call because
he felt that he would not be justified for
m a n y reasons in severing his connection
with the Southern Mission, and Eev. El-
mer McBurney, w h o declared his readiness
to accept the call if he could have a con-
genial associate. Reluctant to assume the
responsibility of calling a pastor away from
his oongregation, the Board referred the
choice of a fellow laborer to the Synod,
which was to convene in Denver in June,
1895. At that meeting there was no elec-
 Editorial Notes.
tion. Early in July, however, a letter was
received from Mr. Robb, the devoted and
beloved pastor of Bovina (N. Y.) Congre-
gation, with w h o m the Board had been in
correspondence the previous winter in re-
gard to the claims of the foreign field.
A m o n g other things he said: " F r o m the
beginning of m y seminary course the
question of the foreign field has been in
m y mind. Sometimes I have harbored it
wUlingly and at other times I have tried to
dismiss it, without success. W h e n you
'wrote m e last winter I did not refuse to
go. In all m y preaohing I never sought a
place, nor promised to accept a place, in
order to get it; for I always thought, and
stUl think, that a call or appointment un-
sought m a y itself be a very clear indication
of God's will as to what one should do. I
told you I was willing to go anywhere, if
Christ would go with me.
"I have a very pleasant field of labor
and have been blessed in m a n y ways. M y
natural inclinations are all against going,
and outward indications that I ought to
go seem to be largely lacking, but the
question is with m e still, as always. I
cannot remain at h o m e all m y life with a
doubt in m y mind as to whether I a m do-
ing m y duty. So I have decided to leave
the matter with the Board of Foreign
Missions. If you consider m e qualified
for the foreign field and that the great-
ness of the work justifies breaking the ties
binding m e here, I wiU consider your
action as indicating the will of God.
"The question is with you, and m y
prayer is that G o d m a y direct you in that
which means so m u c h to m e as a servant
of His and is so closely connected with
the Church's great work of spreading the
Gospel of Ohrist in the world."
217
Mr. McBurney was notified at once and
informed that it rested with him to open
up the way for further action. His reply
was prompt and to the point: " It is not
for m e to hinder or retard the Lord's work
by withholding m y decision. I will go to
China or anywhere that the Board wishes
to send me, with Mr. Robb as an associate.
Y o u know m y preference in regard to the
field, but I hold that in subjection to the
Lord's will, for the indications of which I
trust in a measure to the action of the
Board."
Such is the spirit of self-surrender in
which these young m e n have heard the
call of the Eedeemer, and are going forth
as chosen vessels to bear His name to the
heathen ; and it is peculiarly gratifying to
know that their wives are like minded and
similarly consecrated. All necessary ar-
rangements have been made for their de-
parture; and, if God will, they will saU
from San Francisco on Tuesday, Novem-
ber 12th, by the steamship Peru, due at
Yokohama 29th of that month and at
H o n g K o n g December 7th. The Board has
handed them the following general instruc-
tions :
I. O n reaching Canton, you will call on
Eev. Andrew Beattie and Eev. A. A. Ful-
ton, of the Presbyterian Mission, who wiU
aid you in securing a suitable home in the
city.
II. Y o u will choose as a center of oper-
ations unoccupied territory in the Province
of K w a n g Tung, giving a preference to the
locaUty where Chinese who onoe attended
our Mission School in Oakland live, or
from which the Chinese in America gener-
ally come.
III. In selecting yourfield,be careful
to advise with the brethren of the Presby-
218 Editorial Notes.
terian Mission, that there m a y be no viola-
tion of the law of missionary comity, and
no steps taken that would tend to disturb
friendly relations with missionaries of other
denominations.
IV. In acquiring a knowledge of the
language, it will be wise for you to follow
the course of study marked out by the
Presbyterian Mission. The brethren there
will guide you as to the particular dialect
with which you should m a k e yourselves
famUiar.
V. While it m a y not be wise to attempt
preaching through an interpreter, you wUl
meet with former pupils of the Oakland
School, w h o oan be of great assistance to
you in m a n y ways. B e careful, however,
w h o m you employ; keep in close touch
with the home Church, through full cor-
respondence with the Board, and be m u c h
in prayer for the presence and guidance of
the Holy Spirit.
B y order of the Board.
E. M . Sommer'ville,
Cor. Secretary.
It is unnecessary to say to the members
of the Church: Let these co-workers of
G o d w h o are to represent you in China
have a oentral place in your hearts and an
abiding place in your sympathies and es-
pecially in your prayers.
— A n exceedingly interesting meeting
was held in the Eighth Street Eeformed
Presbyterian Church, Pittsburg, Pa., on
Thursday evening, September 12th, to bid
farewell to Revs. A. I. Robb and Elmer
McBurney, with their wives, missionaries
elect to China. Rev. Dr. J. W . Sproull, of
Central Allegheny, presided, and introduced
the several speakers to an audience that
nearlyfilledthe large auditorium. Every
one felt it was good to be there. The ad-
dresses were wisely brief, but very help-
ful, and, without any previous consultation
or arrangement, of the most varied char-
acter, bringing out m a n y points of special
interest and value. Prof. R. J. George,
D.D., of the Theological Seminary, struck
the keynote of the meeting when he re-
peated the words of the Saviour: " I wiU
see you again and your hearts shall rejoice
and your joy no m a n taketh from you,"
emphasizing the fact that, while there is
an element of sorrow in the departure of
missionaries from friends and the dear as-
sociations of native land, there is a counter-
balancing of this in the Di'vine approval,
the joy of service and the prospect of
harvest in-gathering. Rev. R. C. WyUe, of
Wilkinsburg, referred among other things
to the words of Paul: " I a m debtor both
to the Greeks and to the Barbarians, both to
the wise and the unwise," and m a d s the
remark that the Apostle evidently had in
mind his indebtedness to the m e n of his
o w n generation rather than those who
should Uve after the close of his ministry.
His implied aUusion to m e n w h o bequeath
money to be invested permanently and the
interest only used for missionary purposes,
instead of expending it for the evangeliza-
tion of the world during their life-time,
should be carefully considered by those
who would be faithful stewards of their
Lord's money. Rev. W . J. Coleman, of
Allegheny Churoh, saw in these young
evangelists m e n w h o were going out to
preach Christ in all His offices, and be the
saviours of society, while Prof. D. B. WiU-
son, D.D., could trace the providential
working of the Mediator in every step of
preparation for establishing the new Mis-
sion, until n o w the laborers were on the
way to the field. One of the most affecting
 Editorial Notes. 219
incidents of the evening was w h e n Rev. S. the Chinese on the Pacific Coast, and n o w
G. Conner, of Miller's R u n Congregation, two young m e n with their wives were
was called out of the audience, and coming about to cross the Pacific Ocean and preach
to the platform, in a few well-chosen words the Gospel to them in their o w n land. In
referred to the recent serious iUness of one this way the little Covenanter Church of
of the missionary party. W h e n very low 9,676 communicants is almost girdling
and seemingly beyond the reach of recov- the world with its Mission stations.
ery friends had pleaded at her bedside for Every address was calculated to en-
her restoration to health, and in answer to courage the little band w h o are going out
prayer, as he felt, she had been raised up as our messengers and representatives.
because G o d had a purpose to accomplish in Especiallyfittedto cheer them was the re-
and through her instrumentality in China. mark of Dr. Balph, medical missionary to
Dr. H . H . George hoped that the raising Latakia, Syria, n o w on a brief -visit to
up of a native ministry in the missionary this country, when turning to the young
field would not be lost sight of. Rev. D. missionaries and speaking out of his own
C. Martin recaUed the old promise, " There experience, he said: "Your love for the
shall be a handful of corn in the earth on work will increase with each year of
the top of the mountains; the fruit there- service."
of shall shake Uke Lebanon." A friend of Then followed the addresses of the mis-
his, a former parishioner, was accustomed sionaries : Eev. E . McBurney said that he
whenever he ate a peach as he was travel- was moved to the work by a sense of duty.
ing along a certain road, to plant the pit The c o m m a n d is, " G o ye into all the world
in an adjoiningfield,and not unfrequently and preach the Gospel to every creature,"
in after years he had been refreshed with and in the Covenanter Church there was an
fruit from the trees that had grown from abundant ability to sustain and even ex-
the seed he had planted by the way. In tend the work. Eev. A. I. Eobb referred
like manner w e should scatter the seed of to the Macedonian ory, " C o m e over and
divine truth wherever w e go and in an- help us," as indicating need and desire on
ticipation of reaping a harvest after- the part of the heathen, and at the same
wards as the result of our labors. The time on our part the possession of that
scene reminded Dr. D. McCallister of the which is necessary to meet that need and
time when our Church first entered upon satisfy the desu-e, with the consequent
missionary work. Referring to Mrs. Dodds responsibUity resting on us.
who was present, and had given several The Board of Foreign Missions was rep-
sons to the foreign fleld, he spoke of resented by tbe chairman, Mr. Andrew
her husband, the late Rev. Dr. E. J. Dodds, Alexander, of N e w York, and the corre-
as one of the pioneers w h o were sent out to sponding secretary, w h o briefly spoke of
Syria forty years ago. Then work was the threefold encouragement that the
begun among the freedmen in the South Saviour holds before His loyal servants:
and more recently in Oklahoma Territory the assui-ance that H e wiU be with them
among the Indians. Missionary work had "all the days,'' the certain success that
also been carried on successfully among must attend any enterprise undertaken
220 Editorial Notes.

and carried forward under His leadership, year. It is imperative that the financial
and the rich reward that awaits self-deny- condition and claims of the Missions should
ing service. " There is no m a n that hath be clearly stated and carefully considered.
left house, or brethren, or sisters, or In the Report of the Committee on Pres-
father, or mother, or wife, or children, or byterial reports (Minutes of Synod for
lands, for m y sake and the Gospel's, but he 1895, p. 242) the average contribution to
shall receive an hundredfold n o w in this foreign missionary work is said to have
time, houses, and brethren, and sisters, and been $1.27 a member. In making their
mothers, and chUdren, and lands, with per- calculation, however, the Committee had
secutions ; and in the world to come eternal before them only the total contributions
life." reported by congregations to Presbyteries,
These addresses were interspersed with and consequently that average is not a
the singing of appropriate selections of fair estimate of what the Churoh contribu-
Scripture psalmody, while at the opening ted for Foreign Missions last year. The
and close of the exercises, the audience total receipts from all sources, deducting
were led in earnest prayer by Eev. J. S. the di-vidend of interest on invested funds,
Martin, of N e w Castle, Pa., and Dr. Collins which must never be included in a calcula-
of the United Presbyterian Churoh, that tion of this kind, were $15,263.29, includ-
G o d would bless the laborers and put the ing the $12,305 reported in the Congrega-
crown of His approval on their work. tional Statistics, and $2,758.29 that reached
the Treasury through other channels, or
—At last meeting of Synod no appropri- an average of nearly $1.58 a member. But
ation was ordered for the proposed Mission this is not enough. Multiply the number
to China, though, in the Report of the of communicants by two dollars, and the
Board, attention was called to the fact that result will be $19,352, which, 'with interest
the money on hand would be nearly ex- on invested funds, will be barely sufficient
hausted by the necessary disbursement for to discharge our obligations to those who
ooutfit, traveling expenses and salary of two represent us in Syria and Asia Minor.
missionaries thefirstyear. N o w that m e n (See Minutes of Synod, p. 223.)
have been appointed to the newfield,and Then, if our missionary operations in
the work entered upon, the churches China are to be successful, the Church wUl
must rally to its support. Nor must the require to appropriate to that new work at
churches, in their zeal for the success of least $4,938 each year.
the new enterprise, overlook the claims of — A few days ago w e received twelve
the other Foreign Missions that have been dollars andfiftycents from Mr. WiUiam J.
established and efficiently operated, in Asia McMUlan, of Evans, Colo., towards the
Minor since 1883, and in Syria for nearly support of a foreign missionary.
forty years. The Treasury is still over- — A n envelope came to this office on
drawn thousands of dollars, and the con- September 9fch, stamped " Waukesha, Wis.,"
tributions of congregations, Sabbath-schools and containing 35 cents in postage stamps.
and individuals must be largely increased W h o sent the money, and for what pur-
to meet the expenditures of the current pose?
 Editorial Notes. 221
— ^ W e acknowledge receiving from M r . fitted with all the latest improvements..
James M c C u n e , student of theology, four She has large coal bunkers to enable her
doUars andfiftycents, a contribution to- to steam long distances, where there are
wards the n e w Mission to China. W e note no coaling ports, water baUast in the fore
with great pleasure his avowed interest in and aft peaks, and midship tanks for run-
foreign missionary work, and have for- ning light. She presents a graceful appear-
warded the m o n e y to the Treasurer. ance in the water, and should prove a
valuable acquisition to the Mission in the
—We are pleased to learn that the third N e w Hebrides."
Dayspring, the n e w Steam Auxiliary Mis-
O n the occasion of the launching of the
sion Vessel, the need of which Dr. J. G.
vessel. Rev. James Paton, B. A., brother
Paton explained so fully w h e n on his of the famous missionary, gave a brief out-
recent -visit to this country, has been line of the history of the maritime service
launched, and will soon be on the way to of the N e w Hebrides Mission. " This n e w
the N e w Hebrides. T h e following de- ship," he said, "was the fourth which had
scription of the ship is taken from a pam- been in the service of the Mission and the
phlet recently received from Glasgow: third of the same name. As far back as
"It measures 157 feet in length by 23 1855, a small schooner, the J o h n K n o x ,
feet broad aud 11 feet deep. Under the was built, at a cost of $1,600. Proving
bridge there is accommodation for captain, too small for the growing needs of the
officers, engineers, ladies, and native teach- Mission, Dr. Paton, at the urgent solicita-
ers ; bath-room, pantry, state-rooms, dining tion of his fellow laborers, undertook a
saloon, and large airy hall for conducting tour in Australia, and succeeded in raising
meetings, entered by stairway from the the greater part of the $19,000 needed to
bridge deck. The rooms arefittedup in a defray the cost of a new and larger vessel.
manner suitable for the service of the Subsequently, by his efforts mainly, the
Mission in tropical seas. T h e sleeping sum of $10,000 was guaranteed for her
accommodation, haU, and dining saloon support."
being amidships and forward of the en- In his autobiography. Dr. Paton thus
gines, the vibration is reduced to a min- describes hisfirstsight of the n e w ship in
imum, and liabUity to seasickness lessened. 1865: " I went with a kind of trembling-
Forward, under the forecastle, there is joy to have m yfirstlook at the Dayspring,
ample accommodation for European and like a sailor getting thefirstpeep of the
native crew and for teachers. The vessel child born to him while far away at sea.
has a cUpper stem with figare-head ; three . . I found her to be a beautiful two-
masts, and square rigged in the fore- masted brigantine—a thing of beauty, a
mast, and with sufficient sail area to sail white-winged angel set a-floating by the
under canvas instead of steam, if so de- pennies of the children to bear the Gospel
sired. She has been designed on fine to these sin-darkened, but sun-lit, South-
lines to give a good speed, and also carry ern Isles. T o m e she became a sort of
a large dead weight cargo, for the quick living thing, the impersonation of a living,
loading and discharging of which she is throbbing love in the hearts of thousands of
222 Editorial Notes.
'• shareholders;' and I said with a deep in-
destructible faith, ' The Lord has provided
and the Lord will provide.'"
This vessel was of eminent service for
eight years, when during one of the most
fearful hurricanes that ever swept over the
island of Aneityum, it was driven upon
the reefs and became a total wreck.
" S o essential," continued Mr. Paton,
" had a vessel n o w become that all the
strength of the Mission was brought to
bear on an immediate effort to provide
and equip a new one.
" Amongst the foremost in the new cam-
paign was Dr. Paton. H e visited N e w
Zealand and collected money there and
elsewhere, and, when the new ship was
ready^for sea, it was found that a sum fully
sufficient to pay for her had been secured,
with a balance to her credit.
"For ten years the second vesse made
voyages between the Mission Stations, and
backwards and forwards to Australia. But,
in 1884, the second Dayspring had be-
come too small for the increased and ever
extending work of the Mission, and a
larger and faster ship was imperatively
needed.
" Dr. Paton was again summoned from
the fleld, and 'commissioned' to visit
Britain to raise, if possible, $30,000, to en-
able the Australian churches to build a
Steam Auxiliary Mission Ship for the re-
quirements of the N e w Hebrides. The
last chapter of his ' Autobiography' tells
the story of his labors and success. H e
returned to AustraUa',with the $30,000, and
the money was handed over to the Victo-
rian Church.
"But new difficulties arose. It was
found, after calculation, that about $5,000
more would be required per annum to
support the Steam AuxiUary, than had
been needed for the sailing ship. The old
Dayspring cost about $10,000 per annum.
T h e new Steam Auxiliary would cost, for
her annual support, about $15,000. Again,
not long thereafter, a wave of severe finan-
oial depression and loss swept over Austra-
lia, necessitating a further postponement
of the n e w scheme. A crisis was reached,
however, in 1889-90, when the second
Dayspring was cast upon a reef and so
badly damaged that the Marine Board
condemned her as unfit for sea.
" Thereupon an Australian company was
subsidized to do the work of the Mission,
while carrying on its commercial enter-
prise. The history of this temporary ex-
pedient m a y be written in the words of the
Lord Jesus: ' N o m a n can serve two
masters . . he will hold to the one
and despise the other.' Henceforth, the
provision of a n e w Steam Auxiliary Mis-
sion Vessel became the burden of Dr.
Paton's soul."
In raising funds for this purpose he was
eminently successful during his last visit
to Britain ; and n o w the third Dayspring
is ready for missionary service among the
fifty islands or so of the N e w Hebrides
group, extending over 400 mUes in the
West Pacific, and distant 1,400 to 1,800
miles from Australia.
" It is not," says Dr. Inglis, " to secure
speed when sailing, though that is a con-
sideration on the open sea, that steam is
employed in the Mission vessel, but chiefly
to avoid danger and difficulties in going
into or out of harbor, and to keep her
from drifting into peril when caught in
calms. While among the islands, she is
continually either entering or leaving har-
bors, and steering through narrow chan-
 Editorial Notes, 123
nels. She is often becalmed in circum- forwarded to the Hon. Director and Treas-
stances where a few hours' steaming would urer in Glasgow.
save a day, or it might be a week's deten-
tion, or where a current might drift her Missionary Literature.—The Fleming H.
into serious danger. Both thefirstand Revell Co., N e w York, Chicago and To-
the second J o h n Williams were lost in ronto, have recently published
calms—thefirstat Danger Island and the The Missionary Pastor Bints for
second at Savage Island." Developing the Missionary Life in His
" The cost of its maintenance is to be Church. Price, 75 cents.
borne in the proportion of two-thirds This valuable little volume should be in
($10,000) by the Australian and other the hands of every pastor. It contains
churches supporting the Mission, and suggestive chapters on missionary methods,
one-third ($5,000) by the 'J. G. Paton meetings, classes, literature, by Rev. J:>.mes
Mission F u n d ' — a fund that was formed E. Adams, withfifty-sevenfull-page charts,
carefulljr prepared by Mr. Eobert J. Kel-
logg. In his preface the editor wisely
says: " It should be the su]3reme desire
and effort of every pastor, that out from
his church, as the years go by, should go
rank after rank of new recruits for the
conquest of the world for Christ. It is
pre-eminently for that purpose that he is
JOHN (i.PA-rOM. \ set of G o d in his church. Every minis-
-—^^^^^ terial relation through which he touches
THOUSANDS STILL CANNIBALS!
the life of hisflockmust be permeated with
^ y ( ^ Additional CQissionaries Required. X e K o the spirit of Missions, if he accomplishes
the end of his office, and makes his church
one company of the aggressive mUitant
%ynary fasany ^i-ven
ttMBrflrati«• the Vete- host which is to sweep the world for
*•• •HaatosMv himdeir Christ."
to bslp hfam in th« mini- Ole plea«^ Tbe Fleming H . Revell Company will
nent of bis yeamin^ also publish, in November of this year.
'-!*•• From Far Formosa: Tfie Island, Its
with the special object of accomplishing People, and Missions, B y George Leslie
the extension of the Gospel to the remain- MacKay, D, D.
ing cannibals on the Islands of the N e w At their request w e insert the following
Hebrides, as a permanent memorial to the notice of this work :
devoted labors and heroic life of Dr. John The China-Japan war has turned the aye
Gt. Paton and his fellow missionaries." of the world upon the island of Formosa.
Any assistance that the readers of the Information about the island and its people
Heeald or Mission N e w s m a y wish to give has been eagerly but vainly sought. The
to the friends of this enterprise wUl be literature on the subject is scanty and for
224 Editorial Notes.
the most part unreliable. The announce-
ment of a volume bj' the renowned mis-
sionary, Dr. G. L. MacKay, w h o knows
Formosa better than any other living man,
'will therefore be especially welcome at the
preaent time. Dr. M a c K a y is the mission-
ary liei'o of the Presbjterian Church in
Canada, but his n a m e and fame are in all
the churches. H e was educated in Toronto,
Princeton and Edinburgh, giving special
attention to theology, natural science and
medicine. In 1872 he began his labors in
North Formosa with headquarters at Tam-
sui. At that time there was not a ohurch,
chapel or native Christian anywhere in its
cities, plains or mountains. Dr. iiacKay
has carried on his work with almost no
foreign helpers. H e beiieves hx a native
church and a native ministry. With that
in view he began his work in 1>72, a
stranger, alone, ignorant of the people
their language aud customs. To-day there
are in his Mission, scattered throughout
North Formosa, sixty organized native
churches, four of them self-supporting ; a
living baptized membership of 2,719; a
commuuion roll of 1,805, and e'oh one of
the sixty churches is ministered to by a
trained native preacher. At Tamsui he has
established Oxford College, with fifteen
students in training for the ministry, a girls'
school for the education of girls and Bible
women, and a hospital and dispensary.
VisibiUty is given to the work in Tamsui,
Bang kah, Toa-Tiu-tia, Sin-tiam, and other
cities by college and church buUdings, four-
teen of which are of stone, that in size and
style would do credit to Western Christian-
ity and civilization. Being a cultured stu-
dent as well as a sharp sighted observer.
Dr. M a c K a y has studied con amore the
habits and customs of the Chinese in the
North and West, of the Pepohoan in the
East, aiid of the savage tribes among the
mount«ins. O n e scarcely cares to speak of
hardships and hair-bread ch escapes in such
a life. They are everyday occurrences.
T h e book is written in a direct, terse and
vigorous style. T h e m a n y illustrations and
maps add greatly to its interest and value.
It promises to be one of the most attractive
and popular books of the season, and ifc
wUl hold a foremost place in missionary
literature.
—-Througu tbe courtesy of Eev. S. J.
Orowe, of Warren, Ohio, there has been
laid on our sable, .4 Sabbath Manual, by
Revs. I. H . Leiper and S. J. Crowe, field
secretaries of the Pennsylvania Sabbath
Association. This little volume opens with
a chapter on " T h e Bible and the Sabbath,"
in which is clearly set forth the teaching of
God's W o r d in regard to the observance of
the Lord's D a y as a season of rest and
worship. In the following chapters the
question of Sabbath keeping is considered
in its bearing on individual character and
social prosperity, and in a great variety of
aspects. T h e book with its scriptm-al
teaching, conclusive reasoning and selected
testimonies of distinguished statesmen,
jurists and theologians touching the blessed
results of Sabbath observance, is eminently
fitted to encourage the hearts of the friends
of the Rest D a y and put to shame those
w h o oppose the law and authority of its
Divine Lord.
 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OP THE BOARD OF FOREIGNMISSIONS.
NOVEMBER, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1895.

O U R VIEWS OF MISSION W O R K .
THE SAVING W O R D S OF CHRIST. The same -R^ord create that Moses employs
Rev. J. M. Foster, Boston, 3Iass, in thefirstchapter of Genesis is here em-
ployed. Paul says to the Ephesians:
This world is ruined by sin beyond res- " For we are His workmanship, created in
toration. The only possibUity of redemp- Christ Jesus unto good works, which God
tion is by the creation of another kingdom, hath before ordained that we should walk
a new heaven and a new earth wherein in them." "And be renewed in the spirit of
dwelleth righteousness. " Christ was put to your mind; and that ye put on the new
death in theflesh,but quickened by the man, which after God is created in right-
Spirit, by which H e went and preached to eousness and true holiness.'' Lazarus was
the spirits that are in prison." The actual raised by the Divine power of our Lord.
bodily death of Christ made an end of sin. "Wherefore H e saith, Awake thou that
.It removed the obstacles in the way sleepest, and arise from the dead, and
of the exercise of Divine mercy toward sin- Christ shall give thee light." " And you
ners. It made the pardon of sin and the hath H e quickened, who were dead in
restoration of the sinner consistent with trespasses and sins; even when we were
and gloriously illustrative of the perfections dead in sins, hath quickened us together
of God, the majesty of the Divine law, and with Christ (by grace ye are saved), and
the stability of the Divine government. It hath raised us up together, and made us.
secured for Him the gift of the Spirit, the sit together in heavenly places in Christ."
• fulness of the Spirit's energy and power, The natural birth makes us the children of
by which H e became a quickening Spirit Adam. The new birth makes us the sons of
and gave life to as many as the Pather had God. " Marvel not that I said unto you,
given Him. In the exercise of this Spirit- ye must be born again. That which is born
energy H e went, through the apostles, and of thefleshisflesh; that which is born of
preached to men in the prison-house of sin. the Spirit is spirit."
And thus they are saved. II. The Holy Spirit acts iqoon tfie
I. The Holy Spirit quickens the soul human soul tfirough the Divine word.—It
dead in sin by a •n'dracle of grace.—In the was by the omnific word that the worlds
beginning the worlds were created by the were made in the beginning. " The
exercise of Divine power. David prayed in heavens by the word of God did their be-
the Slst Psalm, "Create within m e a clean ginning take. And by the breathing of
heart. Lord, renew a right spirit m e within."His mouth H e all their hosts did make."
226 Our Views of Mission Work.
The n e w heavens and the new earth are
called into being by the word of the Lord.
The word is the germinal principle. " Of
His o w n will begat H e us, with the word
truth." "Being born again, not of corrup-
tible seed, but of incorruptible, by the
word of God, which liveth and abideth for-
ever." In the parable of the sower, the
Saviour said: Thefieldis the world, andthe
seed is the word. A n d some seed fell on good
ground aad sprang up and brought forth
fruit, in some thirty, in some sixty and in
some an hundred fold. Paul speaks of the
word of G o d as " quick (living) and pow-
erful, sharper than any two-edged sword,
piercing even to the dividing asunder of
soul and spirit, and is a discerner of the
thoughts and intents of the heart.'' A
simple illustration m a y serve to indicate
the province of the word in producing this
saving change in the mind of the sinner.
A m a n enters the real estate market to buy
a property. T w o properties compete for
his patronage. H e views them both. Laat
evening he expressed himself vigorouslj'.
O n e he would not have as a gift. The
other was all that he desired and he must
have it. T o your surprise he went this
morning and purchased the property that
awakened such disgust the day before.
H o w came this change in his mind ? Did
he retire with one view and awake with an
opposite one? Did he command his judg-
ment to change, as the centurion his
soldiers, and they obeyed him? N o , that
will not explain the case. Here is the
secret of it. A friend in w h o m he had
great confidence, came to him and pointed
out his errors in judgment. The property
he admired was not valuable. Its location
will make it decline rapidly. A n d most of
all, the title is insecure. But the other
property has a future. Its situation will
make its value constantly increase. Its
title is secure and a rich mine lies beneath
the surface. The information convinces
him and he acts on the facts. M e n enter-
tain mistaken views of G o d and Divine
things. They regard G o d as their enemy
and desire not of His ways. The things
seen and temporal absorb their minds and
they look not on the things unseen and
eternal. The Holy Spuit comes into their
hearts and by an array of facts from the
Scriptures, H e convinces them that they
are mistaken. They see that G o d is love.
They see that the things unseen and eter-
nal are the only possessions of real value.
They see G o d in Christ reconciling the
world unto Himself. A n d they believe.
III. The word preached is the Spirit's
efficient instrument—In the original crea-
tion the Son of G o d spake and all things
were. " Por H e did speak the word and done
it was without delay, established it firmly
stood whatever H e did say.'' Christ
wrought miracles by His word. H e stood
at the grave of Lazarus and cried : " Laza-
rus, come forth." H e took the cold hand
of the daughter of Jairus and said:
" Talitfiu cumi, maid arise." H e said to
the leper: " I will, be thou clean.'' These
were types of what H e does by His Spirit.
H e was anointed to preach glad tidings, to
proclaim the acceptable year of the Lord.
A n d so H e said : " The -s\'ords that I speak
unto you they are spirit aud they are life."
But Christ continues to preach through
His ambassadors. " N o w then we are am-
bassadors for Christ, as though G o d did be-
seech you by us, we pray you in Christ's
stead, be ye reconciled to God." " H o w
then shall they call on H i m in w h o m they
have not believed? A n d h o w shall they
 Our Views of Mission Work.
believe in H i m of w h o m they have not
heard? A n d h o w shall they hear with-
out a preacher? A n d h o w shall they
preach except they be sent? A s it is
written. H o w beautiful are the feet of them
that preach the Gospel of peace, and bring
glad tidings of good things. But they
have not all obeyed the GospeL For
Esaias saith. Lord, w h o hath beUeved our
report ? So then faith cometh by hearing,
and hearing by the word of God." Peter
preached the Gospel on the day of Pente-
cost and three thousand were converted.
Fau] preached Christ crucified at Antioch,
Ephesus, Philippi, Corinth, Athens and
Rome, and everywhere m e n cried out: W h a t
must we do to be saved? Luther preached
the doctrine of a standing or a falling
church, "the just shall live by faith," and
the people hung on his lips like bees in a
swarm. I a m reminded of the preaching
of Rev. James Glendenning, at Oldstone,
North of Ireland, shortly after the Ulster
settlement, 1607. A historian says : " H e
was a m a n w h o would never have been
chosen by a wise assembly of ministers,
nor sent to begin a reformation in this
land. Yet this was the Lord's choice to
begin the admirable work of God, which I
mention on purpose that all m e n m a y see
how the glory is only the Lord's in mak-
ing a holy nation in this profane land, and
that it was ' not by might, nor by power,
nor by man's wisdom, but by m y Spirit,
says the Lord.' At Oldstone G o d rnade
use of him to awaken the conscience of a
lewd and secure people thereabouts. See-
ing the great lewdness and ungodliness of
the people, he preached to them nothing
but law, wrath, and the terrors of G o d for
sin. A n d in very deed for this only was
hefitted,for hardly could he preach any
227
other thing. But, behold the success!
For the hearers finding themselves con-
demned by the mouth of G o d speaking in
His word, fell into such anxiety and terror
of conscience that they looked on them-
selves as altogether lost as those of old
w h o said, 'Men and brethren, what shall
we do to be saved ?' A n d this work ap-
peared not in one single person or two;
but multitudes were brought to under-
stand their way and to cry out, 'What
shall w e do ? ' I have seen them myself
stricken and swoon with the word; yea, a
dozen in one day carried out of doors as
dead, so marvelous was the power of G o d
smiting their hearts for sin, condemning
and killing. A n d this spread through the
country to admiration so that, in a manner,
as many as came to hear the word of G o d
went away slain by the words of his mouth.
For a short time this work lasted as a sort
of disease for which there was no cure, the
poor lying under the spirit of bondage, and
the poor m a n w h o was the instrument of
it, not being sent, it seems, to preach the
Gospel as m u c h as the law, they lay for a
time in the most deplorable condition, slain
for their sins, and knew no remedy."
Blair, Livingston and others came over and
preached the Gospel and a great harvest
was gathered.
N o one can read the history of the N e w
England revivals by Edwards and White-
field without exclaiming, " This is the
finger of God." Read the account of the
sermon preached by President Edwards at
Endfield, Conn., July 8, 1741, from the
words : " Their feet shall slide in due time."
Deut. 32: 35. " W h e n they went into the
meeting house, the appearance of the as-
sembly was thoughtless and vain; the
people scarcely conducted themselves with
228 Our Viev:s of Miasion Woi-k.

c o m m o n decency; but as the sermon pro- multitudes wept w h e n I spoke of leaving

ceeded the audience became so overwhelmed them." President Finney was endued
with distress and weeping that the preacher with power from on high. A s he preached
was obliged to speak to the people and de- the people on the right, the left and in
sire silence that he might be heard. The front, would be convicted as if thrust by
excitement soon became intense, and it is his rapier. The mere announcement that
said that a minister w h o sat in the pulpit he had arrived in a village would cause a
with Mr. Edwards, in the agitation of his wave of religious enthusiasm to pass over
feelings, caught the preacher by the skirt the people, which prepared them to listen
of his dress and said: ' Mr. Edwards, Mr. to him as the messenger of God. Spur-
Edwards, is not G o d a G o d of mercy?' geon in L o n d o n preaching to 6,000 people
M a n y of the hearers were seen uncon- for forty years and enjoying a weekly re-
sciously holding themselves up against the vival, M o o d y preaching to great audiences
pillars and the sides of the pews as though in America and England for twenty years,
they already felt themselves sliding into Carey in India, Livingstone in Africa, Jud-
the pit. This fact has often been men- son in Burmah, Paton in N e w Hebrides,
tioned as a proof of the strong and spirit- Hamlin in Constantinople and Metheny in
ual character of President Edwards' pe- Mersine, Asia Minor, are among the evi-
culiar eloquence—the eloquence of truth as dences that the Gospel preached by conse-
attended by influence from heaven; for crated lips is the power of God and tbe
his sermons were read without gesture.'' wisdom of G o d unto salvation in them
In Whitefleld's narratives of his revivals in that believe.
1740, such sentences as these occur: " I IV. Tfie word heard aiid believed is the
believe there were about 7,000 hearers. instrument of sanciificatioji.—We distin-
The Holy Spirit melted m a n y hearts. The guish between regeneration and conversion.
word was attended with manifest power." In thefirsta new life is imparted, in the
" I preachedin the afternoon to about 15,000 second the n e w life is exercised. In the
on the C o m m o n . But O ! h o w the word former the soul is acted upon, in the latter
did run ! It rejoiced m e to see such num- the soul m a d e active acts. In the one case
bers greatly affected so that some, I be- power to act is communicated, in the other
lieve, could scarcely abstain from crying this power is put into action. W h e n Laza-
out; that place was no other than a Bethel, rus was raised his life was restored by a
and a gate of Heaven." " I began with miracle. With that he had nothing to do.
fear and trembling. P e w dry eyes seemed H e was passive, just as the soul in regene-
to be in the assembly. I believe m a n y ration. But the after acts, such as rising
werefilled,as it were, with new wine." up, coming forth, speaking to his fi'iends,
"Preached this morning and perceived tbe etc., were his. So the renewed soul turns
melting to begin sooner aud to rise higher from siu to God, with full purpose of and
than before. Dear Mr. Edwards wept endeavors after new obedience. Thus all
during the whole bour of exercise." tbe graces of the renewed soul are called
"Preached m y fareweU sermon on the into activitj', and the believer works out
C o m m o n to nearly 30,000 people. Great his o w n salvation with fear and trembling,
 Our Vieics of Mission Worfc.
and thus grows in grace and in the knowl-
edge of G o d our Saviour. In avoiding
what the word forbids and in doing what
is required, he ceases to do evil and learns
to do well. T h u s the Spirit sanctifies him
through the truth. Those w h o hear the
word, but are not doers, deceive themselves.
"But whoso looketh into the perfect law of
liberty, and continueth therein, he being
not a forgetful hearer, but a doer of the
work, this m a n shall be blessed in his
deed." So Christ said : " If ye abide in M e
and M y words abide in you, ye shall ask
what ye will, and it shall be done unto you."
The words of Christ bring our minds into
harmony with His mind and our hearts in-
to unison with His heart, so that w e think
His thoughts, and have wishes and aver-
sions in c o m m o n with H i m , and our
prayers are the, presentation of His prom-
ises, in His Spirit w h o makes intercession
in our hearts with groanings which cannot
be uttered, and so our prayers always pre-
vail, as the prayers of our exalted Inter-
cessor always obtain. A n d by Christ's
words w e are m a d e conformable to His
wUl. " W e aU, with open face, beholding
as in a glass the glory of the Lord, are
changed into tbe same image, from glory
to glory, even as by the Spirit of the
Lord."
V. The testimony of God's people to
ihe word is ihe appointed w a y of salvation
for the perishing.—In Zechariah's vision
the oil flowed from the olive trees through
the golden pipes into the bowls of the
golden candlestick, supplying the lamps
with fuel. This meant the grace of G o d
was communicated to His Church through
the ordinances of His word and thus she
became the light of the world. A n d this is
the method. " If thou shalt confess with
2-29
thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and believe in
thine heart that G o d raised H i m from the
dead, thou shalt be saved ; for with the
heart m a n believeth unto righteousness and
with the mouth confession is made unto
salvation." The word proclaimed by
Christ's messenger is heard by the sinner
and believed, and the Spirit changes his
heart. Then he confesses Christ with his
lips. Other sinners hear his testimony
and believe, and the Spirit renews their
souls. They in turn become Christ's wit-
nesses. A n d so the word goes from heart
to lip, and from lip to ear, and from ear to
heart, and thus becomes the true apostolic
succession. " Y e are m y witnesses.'' " I
never did within m y heart conceal T h y
righteousness I T h y salvation have pro-
claimed and shown T h y faithfulness." T h e
Psalmist prayed that the Church might be
endued with power from on high that she
might proclaim Christ's salvation to the
ends of the earth. " Lord bless and pity
us, shine on us with Thy face, that the
earth T h y way and nations all m a y kno-w
T h y saviug grace." As Dr. Duff said, the
Church that would continue evangelical,
must be evangelistic.
VI. Tfie word proclaimed by tfie wit-
nesses will destroy all sy.stems of iniquity.—•
" They overcame by the blood of the L a m b
and by the word of their testimony." T h e
Divine order is for the witnesses to testify
against the evil system until its oup of in-
iquity has been filled. A n d when their
testimony has been finished, God's judg-
ments fall upon it and destroy il. F o r
three centuries the Christians testified
against R o m e Pagan. Their testimony
awakened fierce opposition and led to
grievous persecutions. In the Apocalypse
John saw under the altar the souls of those
230 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
that had been slain for the word of G o d
and the testimony of Jesus, and they cried
out. H o w long, 0 Lord, holy and true,
dost Thou not judge and avenge our blood
on them that dwell on the earth? A n d the
tribute and response was. Rest yet for a
little season, until your fellow servants also
and your brethren that shall be killed as
ye were, be fulfilled. W h e n their prophecy
had been accomplished, Paganism went
down and Christianity ascended the throne
of the Cffisai's. T h e great E o m a n Catholic
apostasy is to continue twelve hundred and
sixty years. During this time G o d gives
power to His two witnesses, and they
prophesy, clothed in sackcloth. T h e se-
vere persecutions to which the Waldenses
were exposed led them to cry : " Avenge,
O Lord, thj7 slaughtered saints, whose
bones lie scattered on the Alpine moun-
tains cold." T h e period of this apostasy
seems to be near the end. If the slaying
of the witnesses be the silencing of organic
testimony against this great system of in-
iquity the conditions are prepared. But
the downfall of the system is decreed and
ITEMS OF MISSIONARY
ABROAD.
Sybia.—A very pleasant and interesting
meeting of the Syrian Mission was held at
Kessab in September. According to the
Minutes of Proceedings each session was
opened with devotional exercises aud an
interchange of thought on such topics as
"Confession of Sin," "Praise," " T h e
Golden Rule," and " A s Thou hast sent m e
into the world, even so have I also sent
these into the world." Excellent papers
soon to come. T h e resurrection of the
witnesses and their exaltation to the
heaven of influence and power marks the
destruction of this enemy.
VII. T h e testimony of a united Church
will be tfie reformation ofi tfie nations.—
The divisions in the Church have neutral-
ized the force of her testimony. W h e n the
Spirit is poui'ed out upon the Chureh and
she speaks the whole truth as it is in
Jesus with one voice, and sing His praises
in unison from the same inspired Psalmody,
then the nations will b o w to the authority
of the King of Kings, and " the kingdoms
of this world will become the kingdoms of
our Lord and of His Chi'ist and H e shall
reign forever and ever." " A n d the na-
tions of them which are saved shall walk in
the light of it; and the kings of the earth
do bring their glory and honor into it.''
All this is contemplated in the prayer of
our Lord: "That they all m a y b e one, as
T h o u Father art in M e and I in Thee, that
they m a y be one in us ; that the world may
believe that Thou hast sent Me."
INTELLIGENCE.
were read and thoroughly discussed on
such timely subjects as "Self-help or Self-
support in the Native Church," " The Im-
portance of Small Things,'' and " Faith."
A t this annual meeting of the Mission the
brethren carefully consider and arrange in
outline the work for the coming year, and
at the same time engage in exercises that
are fitted to deepen their o w n spiritual
lives and encourage one another in the
service of God.
 Items ofi Missionary Intelligence. 231
Mersine, Asia Minor.—The schools were is less risk in sending a letter by post than
reopened in Mersine the Ist of October, by messenger. The matter is urgent and
and the missionaries w h o were at Guzne our situation is a critical one.
during the s u m m e r have returned home. Yesterday a messenger was sent out by
Mr. Dodds has called attention to an the insurrectionists here, one of w h o m
error in the statistics that this Mission is an English-speaking man, to Cyprus, to
sent to the Board and that were pub- communicate with London and Paris and
lished in the June and July number of the to receive thefinalinstructions. If noth-
Herald of Mission N e w s (see p. 189). In- ing be done before he gets back to Cyprus
stead of ten pupils in the Boys' School to avert this planned calamity it will
there were one hundred and seven. doubtless be too late after that.
That the friends of missionary work in Sincerely,
Turkey m a y have a more correct idea of
the situation of missionaries in the interior
than can be gathered from newspapers in , ToBKEY, Sept. 19, 1895.
this country, w e venture to publish an ex- A. Dillon, Esq., H. B. M . Vice-Consul,
tract from a letter to missionaries in Tar- Mersine :
sus and Mersine, suppressing the n a m e of Sir—I write to inform you that ex-
the writer, lest in some way it might reach tensive plans are being made in the Adana
the ear of the revolutionists. While no and Aleppo provinces with a view to effect
immediate danger is anticipated at the a revolution.
seaport towns, the Churches should be Certain persons, members of an Armen-
much in prayer that the Redeemer would ian revolutionary society, are at present
throw the strong arm of His protection located in the most populous towns and
around our brethren and their fellow cities in the provinces named.
laborers in those localities. They carry arms and dynamite bombs,
incite the people to rebellion, and soon
Copy of extract from a missionary letter have large numbers on their side. I have
in tfie interior of Turkey: done all in m y power to get the leading
The accompanying letter is intended for m e n of the town to compel those insurrec-
Mr. DiUon and also for Mr. Gibson if he tionists to leave H , but in vain. The
happens to be there. government has been informed of their
Please read the letter. I have no time presence here. It made a feeble attempt
to describe the situation fully. W e feel to discover their hiding place and is n o w
this is the most serious matter w e have doing nothing in the matter. In other
ever yet had to face. These m e n are towns, as Zeitoun and Marash, it is the
regular desperadoes. same. It is stated that within these four
Five hundred of the young m e n in weeks they will have all needed prepara-
Hadjin have joined them and as m a n y more tions made to seize government buildings
from Zeitoun. and such military equipments and weapons
It was impossible to telegraph about as are to be found in these provinces.
such a matter, and I concluded that tbere The real purpose of these men, evidently,
232 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
is to lead the ignorant throng into the
commission of such an act as will bring
about a massacre of Christians similar to
that in Sassoun last year. It seems to m e
the British Consulate m a y be instrumental
in preventing bloodshed, by not only
warning the government, but also urging
it to take every step in order to defeat the
designs of those w h o are secretly plotting
against it. I shall be grateful if you ad-
vise as to what w e ought to do in the cir-
cumstances.
Eespectfully yours, etc..
Cyprus.—During the few months that
Rev. R. J. Dodds, of Tarsus Mission, spent
on the Island this year great interest was
manifested in the meetings conducted by
him and M . Daoud Saadi, and at times
there w&s m u c h opposition to the work.
In a letter received a few weeks ago from
our missionary, he writes that the
meetings in Nicosia grew rapidly, until
the attendance was from four to five
hundred, and every one seemed pleased.
One evening, however, a large m o b arm'ed
with staves assaulted the building after
prayers and called for Daoud to come out
to them. The owner of the house, being
in sympathy with the rioters, attempted to
extinguish the lights, and only the timely
arrival of the police saved our licentiate
out of their hands. Evidently the popu-
larity of the services had aroused the
jealousy of the heads of the Greek Church.
It is history repeating itself: " A great
door and effectual is opened unto m e , and
there are many adversaries.''
Cyprus is a most promising field, and
there is good reason to beheve that ar-
rangements can be made to have an or-
dained minister of large missionary experi-
ence in charge of the work there before
the expiration of another year.
New Hebrides. — Under date June 8,
1895, Dr. J. G. Paton wrote a letter from
Ane-H'a to his friends in Great Britain, which
Mr. A. K. Langridge has printed in the
October number of Quarterly Jottings.
The following paragraphs are from this
letter:
" W h e n w e first came here the inhab-
itants of all our islands, except Aneityum,
were suffering much, and perishing under
the evils of heathen darkness. Then we
had opposition, trials and dangers on every
hand, but, by God's blessing, were sus-
tained, and enabled to persevere in acquir-
ing the language, translating the Scriptures
into it, and teaching the natives to read
and understand them, tUl the whole inhab-
itants embraced the Gospel, and avowedly
loved and served Jesus. B y the same
means a number of islands, and many
thousands of cannibals on them became
humble and devoted servants of our dear
Lord Jesus Christ; and the glorious work
is gradually extending among the many
thousands of our remaining cannibals.
Here, wheu the natives began to receive
the Gospel, the inhabitants were chiefly
middle-aged and old people, who have
gradually passed away, till n o w only some
six old people remain on the island. The
iew orphan children and boys and girls
then on the island were given to us, and
Mrs. Paton and I brought them up for.
Jesus. They are n o w the m e n and wonien,
the fathers and mothers of this island, and
have many children. * * * * * *
" M y daughter Minnie, w h o is here
keeping house for m e , as the state of Mrs.
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
Paton's health and the education of the
younger members of our family did not
admit of her accompanying m e on this visit
to the islands, is teaching a large school of
children to write; she also helps m e with
m y afternoon school of teachers and young
men, and for two hours or so every night
teaches all w h o can meet to sing hymns,
Saturday night excepted, as all are then
busy cooking and preparing for the Sabbath
service.
" M y time here for four months to oome
will be spent in teaching, preaching, trans-
lating, and getting translations corrected,
and doing all possible to deepen their in-
terest in the Lord's service—delightful,
though self-denying work.
"As our N e w Auxiliary Steam D a y -
spring is n o w being built at Glasgow, and
our great difficulty will be in raising an
extra £1,OOO.yearly to help to keep her, I
earnestly plead with Sabbath-schools and
the friends of Jesus, as far as able, to help
us in raising it, that by this new vessel the
Gospel m a y be carried to every island of
the N e w Hebrides ; and with all m y heart
I thank those w h o have helped us so far,
and wish them all every blessing in Jesus
Christ our Saviour.
"I think I told you before about the six
Anewa young m e n who, when engaged as
hands on board the Trading Company's
vessel doing the work of our Mission, were
ordered to go to work on Sabbath as on
other days. They refused to work on the
Lord's Day, and Namakei, the only living
son of the chief M u m g a w w h o lost his rea-
son and was shot dead, being the leader of
the party, took his N e w Testament in his
hand and said to the captain: ' That is God's
book, and it forbids us to work on the
Lord's Day. W e fear God, and cannot
233
work for you on it. Y o u may kiU us if you
will—we are not afraid to die—but w e will
not work on Sabbath, G o d forbids it.' They
were told that if they did not work like
others on board they would get no food on
Sabbath; he said, ' W e oan live without
food for a day, but we wiU not work.' Each
Sabbath they got on shore to attend wor-
ship at a Mission Station. O that all
Christians would so refuse to work on the
Lord's Day! W e would hope then that
Sabbath labor would soon cease, and every
m a n enjoy his Sabbath rest, with its soul-
refreshing blessings."
The same interesting journal contains
the following account of the settlement of
another missionary on Malekula:
" The natives were intensely interested
in seeing the new missionary, Rev. Robert
Boyd. They asked when he was to settle,
and listened well to his addresses when
translated. It was to them a sign of the
growing power of the Gospel of Jesus on
Malekula.
" T h e Revs. J. GUlan and F. Paton ac-
companied Mr. Boyd around Malekula.
Mr. Harry Hatton, a trader friendly to
the Mission, made arrangements to take
them round in his lugger. There were
several days of heavy rain and high winds,
but 'the voyage was a very happy one from
a missionary point of view. The entire
coast was fairly explored and centers suit-
able for work were noted down.
" A t the Maskelyne Islands, southeast
of Malekula, a population of probably fully
a thousand natives were found, all fairly
close together. The natives were friendly
and willing to have a missionary—though
not overeager. They are so close to Port
Sandwich as practically to be harmless
should a white m a n settle among them.
234 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
"At the southwest corner of Malekula
an island called T o m a n has probably 350
to 400 natives in four villages. O n a tree
at the landing place was a skull, and the
' sacred house' of one village was full of
skulls—trophies, probably, of former can-
nibal feasts! O n the mainland of Male-
kula, opposite, there are several hundreds of
natives within a few miles. They were all
friendly to the Mission exploring party,
but said they did not want a missionary to
live among them. The first excuse was
that a missionary would drive them away.
That was at once proved false. Then the
real reason was given, viz., that a mission-
ary would make them break caste and
change all their heathen customs. This
was so far true in that a missionary would
teach them the good news of Christ, and
if they became foUowers of Jesus, they
would naturally give up their old heathen
customs.
"At South West Bay three villages were
seen, and many others were reported.
There seemed to be a fairly large popula-
tion for a missionary to work amongst. The
welcome was most cheering. Por the first
time on the journey all were eager for a
missionary. They wanted a missionary,
they said, to make a great peace. They
had long beenfightingwith each other, and
were tired of it, and they wanted a mis-
sionary to come among them and tell them
about God, and to oause peace to come
among them. A n old chief was asked if
he would like a missionary. Pointing to
bis sore eyes the old m a n said, ' Yes, he
will make m y eyes see.' They hailed Mr.
Boyd with delight. Land having been
bought on a former occasion, the natives
offered a further strip, which was bought.
They also agreed to clear two pieces of
ground, so that Mr. Boyd might see where
it would be most suitable to build his
house, which was expected in a few weeks
by steamer. It was therefore fully
determined to settle Mr. Boyd among this
very friendly people at South West Bay."
The Missionary Synod at Aneityum, in
May, seems to have been a very encourag-
ing meeting. Dr. J. G. Paton, who was
present, writes :
" This was the largest meeting of Synod
and one of the happiest ever held on the
N e w Hebrides. Our Christian communion
was most refreshing throughout, especially
on Sabbath afternoon, when we observed
the Lord's Supper together. The reports
all along the line were the most encourag-
ing ever given in. O n e missionary since
last Synod has baptized and admitted to
the Church eighty converts, and the glori-
ous work is rapidly advancing. The cry
everywhere is for more teachers and mis-
sionaries. Teachers are being prepared as
quickly as possible both at the Training
Institution and at the older Mission Sta-
tions.
"Yet there remains much to be done. I
saw on the Northern Islands of the group
hundreds and thousands of naked painted
cannibals on m y tour just lately. At Male-
kula I had the joy of baptizing three con-
verts, and being present to help in the first
C o m m u n i o n at the statioii of m y son Fred-
erick. A crowd of nude heathen were
wondering observers of the services. It
was a solemn and refreshing time to us all,
and I wept for joy, praising the Lord that
His Gospel is yet as ever the power of God
unto salvation to all of every color who
believe in and love and serve Jesus Christ."
China.— The Chronicle, of the London
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 235
Missionary Society, prints in its October for chape] purposes, and paid for it them-
number the following paragraph from a selves. About forty villages have become
letter written by Dr. Griffith John, on July more or less Christian, and the work looks
16th, with special reference to the anti- as if it might spread all over that part of
foreign riots in Sze-Chuan: the country. In the district of Tien-Men
" I have seen m a n y of the fugitive mis- there is a most interesting work springing
sionaries on their way through H a n k o w to up in the immediate vicinity of our station
the coast. O n the one hand, they have at Pah-tsze-nau. The place is called Peh-
brought m u c h sadness to m y mind, but lio-Kou, and I a m told that from twenty to
they have brought m u c h joy also. Their thirty people are seeking baptism there.
patience, their courage, their love, their zeal,W h a t they told M r . Hiung was this : ' W e
their determination to return to their work have given up idolatry. W e do not believe
—all these things have impressed m y mind in R o m a n Catholicism. W e wish to be
deeply. Then the stories they have to Christians, and desire to join the Gospel
tell of their converts are very inspiring. Church.' The Gospel Church is our spe-
Almost to a m a n the converts behaved cific designation."
splendidly in the midst of all their trials.
Africa.—An exchange quotes Henry M.
As the missionaries were leaving, the con-
Stanley, M . P., as saying, in a recent inter-
verts assured them that they would cling
view, of the religious growth in the region
to Christ and their profession of His name.
of Lake Victoria Nyanza : " W h e n I was
' W e wUl meet as before,' they said, ' and
at the lake eigliteen years ago there was
read our Bibles and pray. W e do not
not a missionary there. N o w there are
promise to sing, for that might involve us
40,000 Christian natives and 200 churches.
in trouble; but w e will not forsake the as- T b e natives are enthusiastic converts.
sembling of ourselves together.'" They would spend their last penny to ac-
The same letter contains what Dr. John quire a Bible. Tbey are not like the blacks
describes as "a bit of news that will cheer of the West Coast; in fact, there are no real
your heart:" Ethiopians among them. They vary in
"Last year I gave you some account of color from light yellow to dark copper,
a remarkable work that had sprung up in and are m u c h more intelUgent than the
the distiict of King shan. I told you that blacks."
I had baptized there on one Sabbath forty-
AT H O M E .
one adults and nineteen children, sixty in
aU. Mr. Hiung, one of our native assist- Hopkinton, Ia.—The Missionary Con-
ants at H a n k o w , has just returned from a vention of the ladies of the Iowa Presby-
visit to King-shan. H e teUs us that aU tery met in Hopkinton August 28th. The
the converts baptized last year remain meeting was a pleasant and, w e think, a
strong and firm in the faith. There are profitable one. Of more than usual inter-
now more than one hundred and ninety est were the letters read from Rev. M c -
waiting for baptism, of w h o m about one Isaac, of the Southern Mission, and Miss
hundred are deemed quite satisfactory. McBurney, of the Indian Mission, in regard
The Christians have bought a large house to their work. W e were disappointed in
236 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
not having the inspiring presence of Miss
Alice Carithers with us, but duty called her
to the Mission.
The programme was well carried out in
most points. Rev. McClurkin, w h o was
to have given an address in the evening,
was not with us. Interesting papers by
the Revs. I. Paris and J. A. Black were
substituted. T h e Convention decided to
devote the Presbyterial fund, for the com-
ing year, to help establish an Industrial
Department in the Southern Mission. Only
four societies were represented, but they
reported a total amount of $469.26 col-
lected during the year.
The Convention embodied their opinion
in regard to the formation of a Synodical
Missionary Society in the following resolu-
tion : "Resolved that w e approve the ac-
tion of the members from our Presbyterial
Association, in the woman's meeting at
Denver, in. asking that the organization of
a Synodical Convention be delayed, and
that w e commend the wisdom of the meet-
ing in not forcing the matter. Our judg-
ment is that here we. should move slowly.
The fewness of our numbers, our isolation
from one another—scattered as w e are
from the Atlantic to the Pacific—and the
great expense of aunual meetings, all ad-
monish us that the time has not yet come
for its organization, however desirable suoh
a convention might be."
The Association is to hold its next meet-
ing at W y m a n , and has for officers Mrs. T.
P. Robb as President, Mrs. R. L. Wallace,
of Hopkinton, as Corresponding Secretary,
and Mrs. R. W . McElhinney, of Morning
Sun, as Treasurer.
Millie M . Dodds,
Record'ing Secretary.
Philadelphia, P a . — A tribute of affec-
tion from the Ladies' Missionary Society
of the Third Reformed Presbyterian Chureh
of Philadelphia, in m e m o r y of Mrs. Mary
A. Forsyth: Onoe more our society is
called upon to record the death of a mem-
ber, this time one of the oldest, and also
one dearly beloved by us all. Mrs. Mary
A. Forsyth departed this life July 7, 1895.
This worthy sister needs no eulogy; no
marble shaft is necessary to perpetuate her
name, for she will long live in the hearts of
all w h o knew her. Kind and true-hearted,
always ready to give a smiling recognition
and a w a r m clasp of the hand to all. Every
good oause appealed to her sympathy, and
she denied herself that she might be able
to help others. H e r seat in churoh was
seldom vacant. Her love for the sanctuary
and her appreciation of Divine worship in
the church and in the home were manifest.
Her works bore witness to her faith and
love.
Resolved—1. That we bow submissively
to H i m w h o doeth all thiugs well, and
recognize a call to greater earnestness in
our Divine Master's cause, and that we
heed the warning, " B e ye also ready."
2. That w e extend to the husband, chil-
dren and grandchildren, to w h o m she was
a true mother, our sincere sympathy, and
c o m m e n d them to the G o d of all grace,
" W h o giveth the oil of joj^ for mourning
and the garment of praise for the spirit of
heaviness."
Mrs. R. C. Montgomery,
Tillie M. Armstrong,
Mrs. James Servis,
Ruth MacKnight,
Gommittee.
 Monograpfis.
MONOGRAPHS.
OUR CHINESE MISSIONARIES AND what m e n call an accident. Being born
THEIR WIVES. and reared on a farm, be found a pleasant
The perfecting of plans for the opening
of a Mission in China marks an important
era in our Church. That the Churoh is
amply able to support such a Mission is all
the argument that should be needed. This
brings us within range of the command,
and all w e then o w e is obedience. T b e
fact that the Church has those w h o are
ready to obey the c o m m a n d of Christ, says
that w e have a right to a place a m o n g the
sisterhood of Churches. It is to be hoped
that m a n y w h o are n o w active in the in-
auguration of this work will yet live to
rejoice in the gathering in of the harvest.
The Churoh will desire to k n o w something
about the persons w h o are to carry the
standard and plant it in China. I there-
fore cheerfully comply with your request
to furnish a sketch of the missionaries and
their wives.
Rev. I. T. Elmer McBurney was born
March 29, 1864, in Washington County, Pa.
His mother's maiden name was Elisabeth
K. Robb. His father at the time was in
the fellowship of the United Presbyterian
Church, and Elmer received the rite of
baptism at the hand of Rev. D. S. Kenedy.
H e made a -profession of faith in the Ee-
formed Presbyterian Church of Millers
Run, M a y 19, 1883. His parents at that
time were both members of that church,
and his father a ruling elder. T h e early
life of the child was marked by a degree of
independence, both iu thought and action,
that gave promise of a m a n w h o would pos-
sess the same stamp of character. His
mind was turned toward a literary life by
237
and profitable nieans of employment there.
A fall from a horse resulted in a dislocated
shoulder. This was repeated some time
after, only the other shoulder was the vic-
tim. This double providence, and the fact
that both shoulders are easily thrown out
of place, led him to reconsider all his plans.
Having given up hisfirstpurpose, without
delay he entered Geneva College, taking
his Bichelor's degree at the Commence-
ment of 1889. The next autumn he en-
tered the Theological Seminary, and was
graduated fro.n that institution in March,
1893. H e was ordained to the Gospel
ministry by the Kansas Presbytery, M a y
18, 1894, and installed pastor of the Ee-
formed Presbyterian Congregation of W a -
hoo, Nebraska. T h e pastoral relation was
dissolved, by his request, June 10, 1895.
Mr. McBurney was called to foreign mis-
sionary work by election of Synod, at its
meeting in Philadelphia, in 1894, It was
not, however, until the present year, when
the services of an associate were secured,
that he signified his acceptance of the call,
and was appointed to China.
Mrs. Lizzie Henderson (Scott) McBurney
is the daughter of James and Eliza (Thomp-
son) Scott. Thefirstday of March, pres-
ent year, she was twenty-six years old.
Her father has for many years served in
the eldership in Millers E u n Church,
where he was reared, and where his father
served in the same office many years.
Lizzie was always a thoughtful person, and
while yet in herfifteenthyear consecrated
herself to the Lord in an early profession
of faith. She took a scientific course of
238 Monograpfis.
stndy in the Normal Schooh of Lebanon,
Ohio. The ordinance of marriage was
solemnized between her and Mr. McBur-
ney, November 29, 1894, Eev. Henry G.
Foster officiating.
Mr. James K. Eobb departed this life
June 8, 1868, in the 37th year of his age.
H e left behind him a devoted wife and 'Six
children, the eldest may have been 12
years old, the youngest an infant. Mrs.
Eobb's name was Margaret Scott, formerly
of Millers E u n Congregation. The charge
left on her was heavy. She leaned upon
the Almighty arm, however, and was sus-
tained. Her children consisted of four
sons and two daughters. Andrew Irwin
was next to the youngest, and only a little
more than three years old when his father
died. H e was born July 11, 1865, in
Washington County, Pa., and received the
seal of baptism under the ministry and at
the hand of Rev. W m . Slater. H e received
his common-school education in the graded
school of N e w Concord, Ohio. In 1883 he
united with the Eeformed Presbyterian
Church of N e w Concord, at that time un-
der the pastoral care of Dr. H . P. Mc-
Clurkin. His degree of A. B. was earned
in and conferred by the Campbell Univer-
sity of Holton, Kan., 1889. H e graduated
from the Theological Seminary in the
spring of 1894, and on the 5th of July,
same year, the N e w York Presbytery or-
dained him to the Gospel ministry, and
installed him pastor of the congregation of
Bovina, N. "Y.
Synod of 1895, after balloting twice for
a companion to accompany Rev. Elmer
McBurney to the new Missionfield,re-
ferred the matter to the Board of Foreign
Missions. A few weeks after adjournment
Rev. A. I. Eobb offered his services to the
Board as a foreign missionary, and was
formally appointed to the new field.
H e goes out accompanied by a devoted
and earnest wife, whose maiden name was
Sarah Ella Torrence, daughter of Joseph
and Sarah (George) Torrence. She was
born at Winchester, Kan., Deo. 11, 1870.
Rev. J. Dodds administered the rite of
baptism in her infancy. After receiving a
liberal education in the c o m m o n school
she pursued a course of scientific study in
Campbell University, Holton, Kau., after
which she spent a number of years very ac-
ceptably in the profession of common-
school teacher. Her service of the Master
as an active ohurch member began when
she wasfifteen,and Rev. J. S. P. Milligan
presided at the time of her admission.
She and A. I. Robb were married June
26, 1895~Rev. W m . Littlejohn officiating.
These devoted laborers start for their
new field of labor well equipped for serv-
ice, with a wide circle of friends made sad
at the parting, but glad in the prospect,
and with a church behind them which will
act with one heart in their support.
Linton, la. T. P. Eobb.
"HE SHALL . GATHER HIS
W H E A T INTO T H E GARNER."
Julia Talhook Krikor died in Tarsus
towards the latter part of August, 1895.
Julia's life is an illustration of truth that
G o d " will take you one of a city, and two
of a family, and bring them to Zion.'' Her
father was a Druse of Mt. Lebanon, but
was afterwards converted to R o m a n Cathol-
icism. O n e of his sisters was converted
to Protestantism, and was all her life held
in high esteem by the Beirut mission-
aries. She died in Tarsus about 1886.
The Talhook famUy were our near neigh-
 Alonographs.
bors in Tarsus, and in 1884 the mother
died, and m u c h of the care of a large fam-
ily was thrown upon Julia. T h e youngest
child was at this time an infant. T h e ehil-
dren attended our school in Tarsus. W h e n
the boarding sohool was opened in Mersine
the father placed Julia, Adele and E d m a in
it. Julia accepted the teachings of the Bible,
was baptized and became a communicant.
She was married from the school to a
Turkish .Protestant. While w e were in
America they lived for a while in Smyrna,
where their eldest child was born. Julia's
sister took the child away with the con-
nivance of the nuns, and had him baptized
by the R o m a n Catholici priest. After our
return they came back, and before the com-
munion she had her boy rebaptized.
Her husband, with help from some of his
friends, built a small house of one room,
where they lived. They were poor. Kri-
kor's trade was making and mending
shoes, but at times day laborers' work was
more profitable. It was often touching to
see Julia's efforts to keep her children
neatly clad. She was a regular attendant
at preaching, and never, unless in case of
sickness, missed the women's prayer-meet-
ing. Through heat or m u d sbe walked,
even when it was at the farthest end of
town, with little Marie in her arms and
Yakoub clinging to her skirts.
W h e n the meeting was in her o w n house
she usually had somo of her neighbors,
Armenian speaking people, gathered in, to
whom she interpreted in their o w n lan-
guage. She was not in school long enough
to receive m u c h of what is technically
caUed education, but she learned to read
her Bible, and she was always ready to give
a reason for her belief w b e n asked by Cath-
oHcs why she had become a Protestant.
239
She was humble and devout, and delighted
to talk on religious topics. Almost a year
ago her husband,findinghimself unable to
make a living in Mersine, rented his house
and went to Tarsus. She was m u c h missed
last winter from ourianeetings.
A few weeks ago, eight days after the
birth of her third child, she was called
home. Conscious to the last, she died,
sending her love to us, and praying for us
and herself.
The first of Miss Sterrett's girls to be
married and settled in life, she is also the
first fruits gathered into the garner.
Though w e miss her sorely, w e are filled
with joy at the assurance that she is n o w
with her Saviour and ours. "Blessed are
the dead that die in the Lord."
M. E. M.
"I PROMISED TO GIVE THEM THE
MESSAGE."
D a Chaillu tells a pathetic story of a
poor girl, Okondago, in Central Africa,
w h o was compelled to drink poison for
having "bewitched" a person w h o had
recently died. As she was borne along
by her furious accusers, the cry rang in
the traveler's ears, " Chally ! Chally ! do
not let m e die?" but he was powerless,
and could only shed bitter tears. With
two other w o m e n she was taken in a canoe
upon one of their beautiful rivers and the
fatal cup was placed to their lips. Soon
they reeled and fell, when they were in-
stantly hewn in pieces and were thrown
into the water. At night tbe brother of
Okondago stole to the traveler's house in
distress. H e had been forced to join in
the curses that were heaped upon his sis-
ter. H e was compelled to conceal his
grief. D u Chaillu tried to give comfort.
240 Editorial Notes.
and spoke to him of God. T h e poor m a n
cried : " Oh, Chally ! when you go back
to your far country, America, let them send
m e n to us poor people to teach us from
that which you call God's mouth." " And,"
writes D u ChaUlu, " \ promised to give
the message." Okondago perished more
EDITORIAL
— T h e Foreign Mission collection will be
lifted in December. Those w h o are most
closely identified with the work believe
tbat the appropriation of $15,000 will be
needed for its successful prosecution. A n d
it is hoped that the Churches will contrib-
ute the full amount.
In 1856 Messrs. D o d d s and Beattie were
sent to Syria as the chosen messengers of
the Beformed Presbyterian Church in this
country, and, after careful examination of
several localities and prayerful consulta-
tion, deeided to make Latakia the center
of operations. Their work was begun in
the autumn of 1859, and for eight years
these devoted ministers labored together
in that city and vicinity for the faith of the
Gospel. T h e beginning of foreign mis-
sionary work marked the beginning of
an era of spiritual prosperity in the home
congregations. Not only were the offer-
ings for the support of tbe n e w enterprise
liberal, but a fresh impulse was given to
other forms of Church work in m a n y di-
rections. In a few years additional
laborers were called for, and the contri-
butions were gradually increased to meet
the expense of equipping and sustaining
them in the field. S o m e of these brethren
have passed away, while others are still in
than twenty years ago, and hundreds like
her have been condemned by the witch-
doctor, w h o m the people dare not disobey.
T h e message has come to us. Shall we
send them the help they need ?—Life and
Light.
NOTES.
harness and actively engaged in the serv-
ice of the Divine Master at home or
abroad.
There are n o w ip Syria two ordained
ministers and *two physicians and *four
lady missionaries. Under the direction of
this Mission are three organized churches
and four stations, with an aggregate mem-
bership of 197 communicants, and five
Sabbath-schools, with 426 pupUs and 20
teachers. There are also connected with
the work in this particular field eight
schools, with 417 children and young
people under regular instruction, four
licentiates, four Bible readers, and fifteen
teachers.
In Asia Minor, where Dr. D. Metheny,
after eighteen years of service in Syria,
organized a n e w Mission in 1883, there are
two ordained ministers with two lady mis-
sionaries, and a physician on his way to the
field. This Mission reports 36 communi-
cants, two evangelists, four teachers and
two schools with male and female depart-
ments, in which are enrolled 179 pupils.
Eight thousand and four hundred
($8,400) dollars wiU be needed to pay the
*• At the present time one is at home on leave o£
absence.
!2!

K
o

rn
!2i
 Editorial Notes.
salaries of the American missionaries ; and,
taking the reported expenditure of last
year as the measure, it will require at least
ten thousand ($10,000) dollars to pay
native helpers and meet the other current
expenses of the school work.
These facts are laid before the Churches
and special attention called to them, be-
cause there is an idea abroad that the
opening of a Mission in China simply
means in some instances the diversion of
funds from the scene of existing missionary
operations to a new field. This is not
believable. N o one can transfer to the new
Mission, either wholly or in part, what he
has been giving to the old Missions, with-
out being false to the obligations that he
has assumed in regard to the work of
Christ a m o n g the heathen. The very
thought is treason. T h e argument nsed
on the floor of Synod was that the
Church ought to extend its foreign mis-
sionary work and was abundantly able to
do so. Every one w h o voted for a Mis-
sion in China, or did not vote against the
new enterprise, pledged himself and his
constituents to do more than they had been
doing to preach the Gospel in the regions
beyond.
This is a matter in which the whole
Church should be deeply interested. It is
easy to believe that the m e n w h o went to
Syria four decades ago and devoted the
energies of their Ghristian manhood to
preach Christ there, bave not lost their in-
terest in the Mission, but are more keenly
alive to the importance of the work than
during their earthly ministry. Not only
angels, but the glorified saints de-
light to study the covenant of redeeming
mercy in its reality, its processes and its
issues. Nothing so wins tbeir sympathy
241
as to hear of m e n being drawn away from
the world and sin into glad allegiance to
the mediatorial King. A n d the more
largely w e partake of their spirit, the
more ready will w e be to yield ourselves to
the service of the same Lord. All that we
are and have will be laid on His altar.
There will be the giving up of self. There
will be no reserves. There will be an eye
single to the glory of God.
—Soon after this number of the Heeald
OP Mission N e w s reaches its readers, our
missionaries, Robb and McBurney, will
leave America for China. They expect to
sail from San Francisco on the 12th of
November. These beloved brethren and
their wives enjoy the confidence and sym-
pathy of the Ghurch and will be borne on
the hearts of the people in prayer every
day. M a y H e W h o m the winds and waves
obey give them a speedy and pleasant voy-
age across the Pacific and take them in
safety to their new home, owning and bless-
ing them as ambassadors of His Cross and
Crown.
—Rev. T. P. Robb, of Linton, la.,
speaks, in a letter dated October 24th, of
Rev. Elmer McBurney and wife, w h o m he
met at Blanchard, la., as being "in good
heart and only anxious to be off to their
work." H e also writes that Rev. G. R.
McBurney, brother of our missionary, and
his bride had started that morning to the
Indian Mission, with the intention " of go-
ing d o w n to the Chicasaw Nation to do
some volunteer missionary work among a
settlement of whites from Texas, etc., who
are without proper opportunity to hear the
Gospel. O n e of them, Mr. John BeU, is a
convert at the Mission and has had no rest
untU he secures this effort for the opening
242 Editorial Notes.

of work among his people." It is items of model missionary and as having "stamped a
this kind that cheer the heart and deep and lasting impression not only upon
strengthen the hands of those w h o are in- thefieldwhere he labored and the converts
terested in the missionary work of the w h o m he was the means of winning, but
Ghurch. upon tbe other missionaries in the field,
— A few days ago there came to our shaping their policy and directing their
office a letter from a young lady in Phila- efforts." In all his labors the reward he
delphia, Pa., covering four dollars to be sought was the souls of men, and hundreds
applied as follows : of converts and scores of ohurches bear
The Mission to China $2 00 witness to hisfidelityand spiritual power.
Dr. Paton's W o r k in the N e w Heb- The author was his wife. In full sym-
rides 2 00 pathy with his early decision to be a for-
eign missionary, closely identified with
— O n e dollar and fifty cents from the him in his work for forty years, and famil-
Junior Christian Endeavor Society of 2d iar with his views on various problems of
N e w York have been sent at their request missionary policy, she has given the read-
to the Treasurer of the Southern Mission. ing public a story of evangelistic work in
—First Boston recently sent us, through China that is full of incidents and informa-
its treasurer, Mr. George Tupper, the sum tion which must be of lasting value. The
of ten dollars towards the expenses of the book is one that w e should like to see in
Convention of Reformed Presbyterian the hands of our theological students, and
Churches, to be held in Glasgow next we cordially commend it to all our readers.
year. This money has been forwarded to
Dr. James Kerr, w h o will gladly receive Rambles in Japan. By H. B. Tris-
contributions from other congregations or tram, D.D., LL.D., F.R.S,, Canon of
individuals. Durfiam,. With Forty-five Illustrations
by E d w a r d Whyinper, from Sketches and
— M i s s Maggie Sproull, of Valencia, Pa., Photograpfis, an Index and a Alap.
in forwarding renewal to Herald of Mis-
Cloth, $2.00.
sion News, enclosed one dollar, requesting
thatfiftycents should be appropriated to The author of this attractive volume is
the " J. G. Paton Mission Pund." an experienced traveler, who keeps. hJs
eye 5 and ears open wherever he goes and is
— T h e Fleming H. ReveU Co., N e w York, able to tell a very instructive and enter-
Chicago and Toronto, have laid on our taining story of what he has seen and
table the foUowing books :
heard. The primary object of his rambles
John Livingsio'ii Nevius, for forty in the Land of the Rising Sun was, as
gears a missionary in Cfiina. B y fiis the preface tells us, "to master thoroughly
'wife, Helen 8. Coan Nevius. Introduction the position of missionary work in Japan,
by Rev. W . A . P Martin. Illustrated. especially that of the Church Missionary
Svo. Cloth, $2.00. Society, and to ascertain the practical
This volume records the life and labors working of Buddhism, as compared with
of one who has been well described as a the Buddhism of China and Ceylon. H e
 Editorial Notes.
had special advantages in being accom-
panied by his daughter, w h o , from her
residence of some years in the country, her
knowledge of the language and customs,
and intense sympathy with the people, en-
abled him to gain an insight into m a n y
things which would otherwise escape a
stranger's notice." Those w h o are inter-
ested in the study of Natural History will
find here m u c h valuable and reliable in-
formation in regard to the flora and fauna
of Japan ; but it is specially as an account
of what has been done to civilize and
Christianize the .Japanese that we recom-
m e n d this book.
The Congo for Christ. B y John
B r o w n Myers. Cloth, 75 cents.
In this little volume of 163 pages w e
have the story of the C o n g o Mission told
by the Association Secretary of the Baptist
Missionary Society. It is an encouraging
record of what has been done and endured
for Christ in that land from the inception
of the enterprise in January, 1878, or six
months after the return of Henry Stanley
from his trip across the Dark Continentj
till to-day. There are interesting chapters
on the w a y in which difficulties were over-
come, the ingathering of the first fruits,
the evangelistic efforts of the native Chris-
tian churches, and the services of the Mis-
sion to civilization. N o one oan read of
the heroic devotion and unreserved conse-
cration of the m e n and w o m e n w h o have
served, suffered and died in the prosecu-
tion of the work without admiration of the
missionaries and adoring gratitude to the
Lord for the power of His sustaining
grace. Take one entry from a worker's
journal: " I k n o w not what m a y be in
store for m e , but I pray remember, if I
should be early called away, with m y last
243
breath I have to pray for more men, deeper
devotion and more thorough surrender of
all for Christ." B u y the book and the
reading of it will do you good.
—John Ireland, Publisher, 1192 Broad-
way, N e w York, has handed us for notice:
2'he Men of the Moss-Hags. By S. R.
Crocfcett. Cloth. Price, $1.50. Macmillan
<& Co , N e w York a n d London.
This is a story of the persecuting times
in Scotland. T h e author puts himself in
the place of one w h o shared in the suffer-
ings of the Covenanters, and draws his
picture from the standpoint of one familiar
with the scenes that were enacted so m a n y
centuries ago. T h e m e n and w o m e n
whose names are so well k n o w n to
readers of the history of that period live
again on his pictori'al pages and are easily
recognized. Nowhere, perhaps, do w e get
a clear insight into the character of Claver-
house and his dragoons. A n d while every
one must admire the noble readiness with
which the m e n of the moss-hag laid down
their lives for the Covenant and the great
principles it represents, he cannot fail to
detect in m a n y cases the weahnesses that
are incident to humanity in every age.
T h e incidents iu this story are not sim-
ply realistic, but actually true to history.
Not in a single instance, so far as w e have
been able to discover, does the author sac-
rifice truth to effect. W e m a k e a single
extract from the chapter entitled T h e
Sands of Wigtown, to show h o w true the
narrative is to fact, and as a specimen of
the clear and beautiful style in which W U -
liam Gordon tells his story:
Already -was the salt tide water besinning toflowup-
wards along.the Blednock Cbannel, bearings'wMs of foam
upon its breast.
Margaret Lauchlison, being an aged woman of eighty
244 Editorial Notes.

years, said uo word as the tide rose above her breast, water. Then ftfloated,making a fair golden shining on
when lowest in the river-bed she stood waiting. * » * * the grimy tide, like the halo which is about the sun
But Provost Coltran * * came to the bank edge. when herises.Also her face was as the face of an angel
And standing where his feet were nearly on a level with being turned upward to God.
our little Margaret's head, he said to her: Then they began to drive the folk from the sands for
"What see ye down there, Margaret Wilson ? What fear of what they might see—the beauty of the dying
think ye? Can you with constancy suffer the choking maid, and eo m a d with anger at the sight.
of the salt water when it comes to your turn ?" Whereupon, being iu extremity, she lifted her voice to
N o w , though Coltran was a rude m a n and pang full of sing, calm as though it had been an ordinary Sabbath
oaths, he spoke not unfeelingly. But to him Margaret morning and she leading the worship at Glen "Vernoek,
replied, in a sweet voice that waited up like the singing as indeed she did very well.
of a psalm from the sweltering pit of pain: It was the twenty-flfth Psalm she sang, as followeth.
" I see naught but Christ struggling there in the water And wheu she that was a pure maid sang of her sins it
in the person of one of His saints ! ' weut to my heart, thinking on m y own greater need:
Then the Provost came nearer still, and bending down, " My sins and faults of youth,
like an elder that gives counsel, said to her, "Margaret, D o Tbou, O Lord, forget;
ye are youug and ken no better. W e will give you Aiter Thy mercies think on me.
your life, gin ye pray lor the King. Will ye say aloud, And for Thy goodness great."
God save the King ?" It was a sweet voice and carried far. But lest it
"1 desire the salvation of all men," Margaret said. should move the hearts ofthepeople. Lag garred beat the
" May God save him if He will." drum. And as the drum be,gau to roll, I saw the first salt
Coltran rose witb afiashof triumph in his eye. H e wave touch tbe bouuy maiden lips which no man had
was none so bad a man, only dazed with drink and bad kissed in the way of love.
company. * , ; . * : * ^ ^ w *
'* she has said it," he cried, and from far and near the But ouce again in the pause of the drum the words of
people took up the ory, " She has said it, she has said it." Margaret's song came clear. Forget ihem shall I never,
and some were glad, and some shook their heads for till I too be on m y death-bed. and oan remember nothing
what they counted the dishonor of tbe submission. but "The Lord's M v Shepherd." whieh every Scot minds
The elder woman having finished her course with .joy, on his dying day. Tbese were tbe words she sang:
they unrove the rope and drew little Margaret up fo the " Turn unto m e Thy face,
bank, exhorting her to cry aluud, "God save the King," And to m e mercy show ;
and also to Dray for him, that she might get her liberty. Because that I a m desolate.
For they began to fear, knowing that tbis drowning of And am brought very low.
women would make a greater stir in the world than O do Thou keep m y soul,
much shooting of men. Do Thou deliver m e ;
"Lord, give him repentance, forgiveness and salva. And let m e never be ashamed.
tion," she said fervently aud willingly. Because I trust in Thee."
But Lag ened out in his great hoarse voice, " Out upon After the last line there was a break and a silence, and
the wretch I W e want not such oaths nor prayers. no more—and uo more 1 But atter the silence had en-
Winram, get the test through her teeth—or dowu with dured a space, then arose a wailing that went from the
her again." hill ot Wigtown to the farthest shore o( the Cree—the
Bnt she steadfastly refused the wicked Test, the oath wailing of a wbole countryside for a young lass done to
of sin—as indeed w e that loved Scotland and the good death iu the flower of her youth, in the untouched grace
way of rehgion had aU learned to do. and favor ot her virginity.
"I cannot forswear m y faith. 1 a m one of Christ's The lessons that this book teaches are
children. Let m e go to Him," she said, being willing to so w h o l e s o m e that, t h o u g h classed with
depart, which sbe held to be far better. w o r k s of tiotion, n o father n e e d hesitate to
"Back witb her into the water," cried Lag "The p u t it into t h e h a n d of his child. N o r
sooner she wiU win hell. 'Tis too good for a rebel like could there b e a m o r e acceptable present
her." at the a p p r o a c h i n g holiday season than the
But Coltran said, "Ve are fair to see, Margarer, lass. " Men of the Moss-Hag."
Thiuk weel, hinuy 1 Hae ye uane that ye love'/" All orders should be sent to John Ire-
But she answered him not a word, beiug like one other land, 1192 Broadway, New York, or to the
before her, like a lamb led to the slaughter. Herald op Mission News.
yellow
her
was
now
Her
Solad,
deeper
broke
they
great
and
I tied
should
foul
trom
now
headcoverture
her
inthe
and
have
oily
again
maiden's
lappered
bubbles.
delighted
toofthehair,
snood
on
stake,
toher
whieh,
touch
and
where
breast,
fell
and
hadthe
into
swirling
stroke,
Iwater
been
the
 PUBLISHED WITH T H E APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS.
DECEMBER, REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, U. S. A. 1895.

O U R V I E W S O F MISSION W O R K ,

TRAINING A NATIVE MINISTRY.* of the natives for Christian service. I was

George Leslie M a c K a y , D . D., North at thefirstoon'vinced that the hope of the
Formosa. Mission lay not in foreign workers, and
Mission work in North Formosa is dom- every year only confirms that opinion.
inated by the idea of a native ministry. The Lord of the harvest has raised u p
The purpose is to evangeUze the people, to from a m o n g the natives of the island labor-
ers whose services in those white fields
enlighten their darkness by the power of
wiU not be fully appreciated until w e and
divine truth, and to drive back the mists
they shall, at the harvest-home, come with
of error and the black clouds of sin that
rejoicing, bringing our sheaves with us.
have through all the past obscured their
O n e reason for a native ministry that
vision of the City of God. That is the
will be appreciated by all practical and
purpose of all foreign Mission work. But
genuine friends of Missions is that it is by
in the carrying out of that purpose meth-
far the most economical, both as to m e n
ods must be adopted suitable to the cir-
and money. Natives can live in a climate
cumstances of the case. W h a t would be
and under conditions where any foreigner
reasonable and effective in one field would
would die, and they can be hale and happy
be absurd and useless in another. W h a t
where I would tremble with chills and
would succeed in Europe or America
fever. A n d the cost of a native preacher
would fail in Asia. China is not India,
and his family is so m u c h less that the
and Formosa is not China. T h e m a n or
contributions of the churches can be made
the Mission that supposes that a good
to support a very m u c h larger staff than if
theory must be capable of universal ap-
foreigners alone were employed. It is
phcation, and that social forces, hereditary
m u c h more expensive to live in Formosa
customs, or even climatic influences need
than on the mainland, but even with us
not be taken into account makes a griev-
the expense of a native is only a fraction
ous mistake. of what is absolutely required for one ac-
All the reasons that led m e to lay such customed to life in the West. The total
emphasis on a native ministry in North cost per month for a preacher and his fam-
Formosa need not n o w be recited. They ily is covered by nine doUars and eighty-
had to do with the language, climate, so- three cents Mexican money—less than
cial life of tha people, and the capabUities nine dollars in gold. T h e foUowmg table
*A chapter from " From Par Formosa," just published presents the average:
by the F. H. ReveU Co.
246 Our Views of Mission Work.
Rice per month $3.00
Salt vegetables 4.00
Coal or wood 1.50
Carrying water and cleaning rice... .65
Shaving heads 30
Shoes, stockings, and clothes 38
Total $9.83
But having settled on a native ministry,
and ha'ving among thefirstconverts those
fitted and desirous to begin their studies
in preparation for the work, the question
of their training came early to the front.
Let it be clearly understood that the Mis-
sion stands for a trained ministry. What-
ever good an uneducated minister m a y ac-
complish in Christian lands, he is next to
useless among the heathen. B e it foreign
or native, the ministry that will c o m m a n d
the respect of the people and will endure
must be intelligent as well as zealous. But
in order to an educated ministry, great
buildings, large libraries, and wealthy en-
dowments, however helpful they m a y be,
are not, at thefirst,absolutely indispens-
able. As good work cannot be done with-
out these, but if the work done is genuine,
increased facilities will follow. O u r first
college in North Formosa was not the
handsome building that n o w overlooks the
Tamsui River and bears the honored name
of Oxford College, but out in the open un-
der the spreading banian-tree, with God's
blue sky as our vaulted roof.
Beginning with A Hoa, I invariably had
from one to twenty students as m y daily
companions. W e began each day's work
with a h y m n of praise. W h e n weather per-
mitted w e eat under a tree—usually the
banian or a cluster of bamboos — and spent
the day reading, studying, and examining.
In the evening w e retired to some shel-
tered spot, and I explained a passage of
Scripture to the students and others gath-
ered with them. Indeed, wherever night
overtook us, in all our journeyings, I spoke
on a part of God's truth, ever keeping the
students in view. They took notes, studied
them, and were prepared for review on the
following day.
Another favorite resort was on the rocks
at Kelung. In the sampan w e placed an
earthen pot, rice, leek, and celery. Then
w e rowed ourselves out to the tables and
pillars of sandstone by the sea. At noon
each one gathered small sticks for a fire
with which to cook our food. But we of-
ten dispensed with cooking, for each had
provided himself with a sharpened nail
with which to open the fresh oysters taken
off the rocks. Study continued till 5 p. m.,
after which w e coasted in shallow water.
Several would plunge in and bring • up
shells, living coral, seaweed, sea-urchins,
for study and examination. Sometimes an
hour was given to fishing with hook and
line, for the double purpose of supplying
us with food and securing specimens for
examination.
As chapels were estabUshed we remained
at each a day, week, or month, studying
daily till 4 p. m. All were trained in singing,
speaking, and debating. After four we
made visitations to converts and heathen
in the vicinity. Students were frequently
invited to dine with friends, and thus they
had golden opportunities for presenting
the Truth. Every evening a public ser-
vice was held in the chapel where we
were.
A fourth method, and by no means the
least profitable part of their training, was
on the road in our traveling together. All
manner of subjects were then discussed—
 Our Views of Mission Work-
the Gospel, the people, the way to present
the Truth, and God, tbe author of all.
It was the daily habit of each one, w b e n
on the road, to collect specimens of some
kind—plants, flowers, seeds, insects, m u d ,
clay—and then to examine them at the first
halting-place.
In all these ways, during the early years,
and sometimes even since the college
buUdings were erected at Tamsui, the stu-
dents were trained to become efficient
workers, fluent speakers, skilful debaters,
successful preachers. T h e college is n o w
the center of our work, but whatever helps
to develop the faculties of the students,
inform their minds, or chasten their hearts,
is pressed into service.
M y o w n study and m u s e u m in Tamsui
are open to the students, and good use has
been m a d e of their resources. After
twenty-three years of accumulation the
study is well furnished, having books,
maps, globes, drawings, microscopes, tele-
scope, kaleidoscope, stereoscope, camera,
magnets, galvanic batteries and other
chemical apparatus, as well as innumerable
specimens illustrative of geology, mineral-
ogy, botany, and zoology. W h a t would
be otherwise a parlor is in our house a
museum. In that room is a vast collection
of every conceivable kind of article of use
or interest to Chinese, Pe-po-hoan, or sav-
age. There are collections of marine
shells, sponges, and corals of various kinds,
classified and labeled. All sorts of ser-
pents, worms, and insects are preserved.
There are idols enough to stock a temple,
ancestral tablets and religious curios,
musical instruments, priests' garments, and
all the stock in trade of Chinese idolatry,
as weU as models of implements of agri-
culture and weapons of war. T h e various
247
savage tribes in the mountains are well
represented. There is one idol ten feet
high, different from any other I ever saw,
and a complete collection of relics repre-
senting every aspect of savage life. S o m e
things are quaint enough, others sugges-
tive of sad thoughts, others gruesome and
repulsive, because indicative of ferocity
and savage cruelty. Keeping watch and
ward over the whole scene are four life-size
figures representing four sides of life iu
Formosa. In one corner is a Tauist
priest, arrayed in his official long red robe,
with a bell in one hand to arouse the dev-
ils possessing any man, and a whip in the
other to drive them out. In the next
corner is a bare-pated Buddhist priest,
robed in drab, one hand holding his sa-
cred scroll, the other counting his string
of beads. Opposite to him is a fierce-look-
ing head-hunter from the mountains, his
forehead and chin tattooed, his spear at
his side, bows and arrows strapped across
his shoulders, a long knife at his girdle,
and his left hand clutching the cue of
some unfortunate victim. In the fourth
corner is a savage woman, rudely attired,
and working with her " spinning-jenny,"
as m a y be seen in their mountain home.
There m a y be good people in Christian
lands w h o will read these pages with pain-
ful astonishment, horrified that a mission-
ary should spend time collecting and study-
ing such things. I do not attempt to
justify m y conduct in the eyes of such per-
sons. H a d they any conception of what it
means to train native-born heathen to be-
come missionaries of the gospel of the Lord
Jesus Christ, or could they conceive the
reflex influence of all this study on mission
work, in humbling the proud graduate,
eonoiUating the haughty mandarin, and at-
tracting the best and brightest of the of-
ficials, both native and foreign, they would
not so readily write across these para-
graphs their ignorant and supercilious
"Cui bono?"
248 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
ITEMS O F M I S S I O N A R Y
ABROAD. to be out at night. In spite of troubles we
Meesine, Asia Minoe.—Newspaper re- have inquirers. O n e of these, a Jacobite
ports of what is going on in Turkey are
sufficiently alarming to call forth earnest
prayer for the safety of all Christians in
that empire. While our o w n missionaries,
living in the seaports, are comparatively
safe, the h o m e churches should not fail to
c o m m e n d them constantly to the covenant
care of the Redeemer. It is on His arm
rather than on United States war vessels
that reliance must be placed for their pro-
tection.
Alarming intelligence continues to reach
this Mission in regard to their fellow labor-
ers in the interior. In a letter dated N o -
vember 6, Mrs. Metheny says that a letter
from one of the ladies in Marash, written
only a week previous to that date, repre-
sents them as practically prisoners.
"They had not dared to go out in the
streets for six days. Only twice in that
time had they been able to get milk and a
little fruit. Native Protestants were killed
without provocation. One prominent m e m -
ber of their church coming h o m e from his
field was shot d o w n by a mounted soldier
and mutilated afterward. They had heard
of two hundred killed and fourteen dying
of wounds. N o shops were open, no
schools, no church bells rung. There are
two families and one lady there. F r o m
Hadjin w e hear that Mr. Martin was ar-
rested and imprisoned while on the way to
hold a communion. If so, that station is
left with four w o m e n and three children.''
Mrs. Metheny also writes: " W e have
changed our weekly prayer meeting time to
4:30 in order that our people m a y not have
INTELLIGENCE.
Catholic priest, took the momentous step
not long ago of thrcwing off his robes.''
A letter from Dr. Metheny of a few days'
earlier date, written at the railroad station.
Tarsus, contains some items of interest:
" Thanks to the Most High, our work
seems to be prospering again. W h a t a
long, dark night w e have had ! Last week
a bright young Moslem entered the dispen-
sary. H e said, 'I came to see the doctor.'
H e had gotten a Bible and shorter cate-
chism and had been comparing it with the
Koran. After an earnest conversation he
openly confessed his faith in Islam was
shaken, but he believed the Bible and our
Sa'viour revealed therein. This week a
young English gentleman, after several
months' attendance on our preaching and
at our prayer meetings and a careful study
of our standards, asked admission to our
churoh. T h e ' distinctive ' principles of the
ehurch were a special attraction for him.
H e is studying to become a missionary in
our church—if not under our Board, then
on his o w n account.
" Our schools being officially recognized
by the Turkish Government, and our E m -
bassy instructed to ' protect our teachers
from vexatious interference,' w e asked
Teacher Yusuph to open. To-day I came
to visit them and have special prayers for
divine protection and aid. W h U e w e were
ai prayers eight n e w pupils came in, and
w e found in all twenty pupUs, This has
cheered us beyond measure. Then, too,
w e have n o w more paying pupils than ever
before. In a few days Presbytery is to
 Items of Missionary Intelligence. 249

meet in Mersine. I trust G o d wUl grant him what became of the soul after death,
us an open door. To-day a wealthy Mos- and he said it would pass into the body of
lem asked to borrow $2,000 from m e and some child or animal born at the moment.
offered to give m e a ' quit claim mortgage' His ignorance was great. The poor old
—i. e., to seU his h o m e out and out, takiog
m a n has not m a n y years to live, and yet
a private paper from m e that I should his soul seems encased in darkness. At a
return him the house within a given time Greek wedding last Sabbath week the
on his paying m e back the principal with horse the bride was riding threw her off.
interest. H e ran on and tramped upon a little girl
" That does not require any legal pro- four years old, badly cutting her chin and
ceeding to either get back principal and breaking her collar bone. The child was
interest, or the property remains in one's brought to m e and at the expiration of ten
possession. This he was unwilling to do days she is doing weU. This accident
with others, but, said he, 'the word or afforded m e an opportunity to reprove
private paper of a Protestant is more secure them for breaking the Sabbath. And the
than any official paper. That denomina- parents of a young m a n and w o m a n (our
tion is unlike all other religious bodies. neighbors) w h o are to be married soon,
W e have realized this.' G o d m a y take have promised to have their wedding on
them at their word. They know enough Thursday.
truth to leave them without excuse." " The people seem to be more friendly
than last year, in spite of a great effort on.
Latakia, Steia.—Rev. James S. Stewart the part of the priests to control them.
writes under date of October 25: " T h e W e are in good health and hope to do
second Sabbath of November has been ap- better work than last year. Last Wednes-
pointed for communion in Latakia, and I day about fifteen patients came at the
have planned a trip to the south of our appointed hour, and probably a fairly good
field to visit the schools and, if possible, audience can be obtained infineweather."
administer the Lord's Supper. . . .
The boys' school was opened about the CvPEus.—At the bi-monthly meeting of
usual time and the boarding school a little the Board of Foreign Missions, Tuesday,
later. The work is n o w under good head- November 26, 1895, Rev. Henry Easson
way, and w e hope for a prosperous year." was reappointed foreign missionary and
will be located on the Island of Cyprus.
Suadia, Sveia.—Dr. W. M. Moore, writ- Mr. Easson's present purpose is to at-
ing October 14, says, among other things: tend the Convention of Reformed Presby-
"I began work on Friday. The people terian Churches in Glasgow, in June of
did not know that w e had come d o w n from 1896. If satisfactory arrangements can be
Kessab, and there was not m u c h sickness. made, his daughter wUl remain in Scotland
So m y audience was an old feUah, w h o to complete her education, and our mis-
sionary with his wife, after a brief visit to
wished to have m e treat bis ears. H e was
so deaf I had to shout to make him hear, their friends in Britain, will go to their
newfieldof labor toward the close of the
but I read to him John Ui., 1-27. I asked
250 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
summer months. The Board gladly places
in charge of the work in Cyprus a m a n so
favorably known in the h o m e churches and
of such large missionary experience. His
salary is pledged for a term of years by
the young people of Second N e w York,
w h o have already raised the money for this
purpose by contributing a few cents each
week over and above their regular offer-
ings for the work of the Church at h o m e
and abroad. W e ask for our brother and
his family the co-operation of fervent
prayer.
SvEiA.—The Syria Mission has just com-
pleted the twenty-fifth year of its connec-
tion with the Presbyterian Board of Por-
eign Missions. There has been encouraging
advance in this quarter of a century. In
1870 there were 18 American missionaries,
m e n and w o m e n ; at present there are 40.
In 1870 there were 63 native helpers; at
present there are 219. In 1870 there were
294 communicants; at present there are
2,048. The total of scholars in schools in
1870 was 1,671; the present total (includ-
ing the college) is 7,352.—At H o m e and
Abroad.
China.—The China Inland Mission had
621 missionaries and associates at work at
the end of last March, 65 of w h o m reached
China during the year—40 from England,
and the rest from Sweden, America, and
Australia. Eleven missionaries died during
tho year. There were 417 native helpers,
paid and unpaid. Fourteen provinces of
China were occupied in greater or less
force, the number of stations being 122,
and out-stations 126. The exceptional in-
gathering in T'ai-chau, which had served
to swell the figures of 1893, was not re-
peated. Otherwise the 646 baptisms in
1894 would have compared favorably with
the previous total. The number of com-
municants was 4,681. Rev. Hudson Tay-
lor visited several of the provinces, and
met more than three hundred of the mis-
sionaries. W h e n in Shanghai last autumn
one of the oldest of the converts, who has
been for twenty-eight years pastor of the
China Inland Mission Church in Hang-
chow, brought Mr. Hudson Taylor a thou-
sand dollars, a very large sum for a China-
man, and desired that it should be invested
for the use of the Mission,— Church Mis-
sionary Intelligencer.
New Hebeides.—Rev. Dr. Annand, writ-
ing to the Presbyterian Record, Canada,
from Santo, August 12, thus speaks of the
special work 'with which he is identified:
" T h e students are making very fair
progress. Six of the twelve with us are
n o w able to speak and pray publicly in the
English language; so w e are encouraged
to hope that our labors among them will
not be in vain.
" A few of the heathen around us hear
the Gospel regularly, but the majority of
them are hostile to the truth. However,
our hope is that they cannot hold out much
longer. They are n o w again weU behaved
toward us personally, excepting a little
boycotting practiced by the village here.
" O u r health is good, and w e are aU
happy in our work. The Lord is with us,
so w e rejoice.''
Japan.—The Japanese belong to the
Mongolian race. Long before the Chris-
tian era they came to the island from the
mainland of Asia. They claim the
oldest government of the world. The
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
present Mikado or emperor is the one
hundred and twenty-second sovereign in a
direct line. In comparison with such a
royal line, the oldest reigning famiUes of
Europe are but of yesterday.
Thirty-six years ago thefirstmissionary
went to Japan. At the end offiveyears of
Christian labor, one convert; after twelve
years, ten. N o w they number 35,534
church members, 3,731 being admitted in
1892.
The Bible was given in the Japanese
language in 1888. Four years ago it had a
circulation of 57,894 copies. This included
portions and entire translation of the Bible.
Japan has reUgious toleration, yet religion
is forbidden to be taught in the public
schools.
A missionary from Japan describes the
Jdnd of missionaries needed. " W e want
practical, earnest, whole-souled, devoted,
Christ-inspired, Holy Ghost-filled m e n and
w o m e n that will teach and preach by word
and life the all-sufficiency of Jesus Christ
as a Sa-viour of m e n and the Redeemer
from sin; to maintain with unflinching
•courage and loving persistence the right of
Christ to reign over the hearts and lives of
the Japanese, to the exclusion of boasted
self-sufficiency and everything that is dear
to the natural hearts of men."
More w o m e n evangeUsts are needed in
Japan, than m e n — w o m a n l y w o m e n , w h o
will gladly enter the homes of the Japanese
and tell the mothers that sweet story of
" the babe in the manger," of the perfect
Ufe of H i m w h o came to save.—Sei.
Afkioa.—The Missionary Herald tells
the foUowing story of progress in Ngoni-
land:
The Ngoni are of the Zulu stock, and
251
are located in the highlands west of Lake
Nyasa, where they seem to have taken
refuge after one of the wars in Southwest-
ern Africa. The missionaries of the Free
Church of Scotland on Lake Nyasa came
in contact with some of these Ngoni, but
they seemed speciallyfierceand intractable.
Nevertheless, some twelve years ago work
was definitely begun among them, and a
recent letter from Rev. Dr. Steel tells what
has been accomplished since 1882:
" W h a t has been the progress in those
twelve years? The two first years were
spent in mere occupation, as liberty to un-
dertake aggressive work was denied. But
those years of silent occupation had their
use in breaking down superstition and
overcoming opposition. In those days,
when no school was allowed, three lads
used to come and get instruction in secret
from the missionary after dark. T w o of
them n o w occupy the honorable position
of being the first two converts and fore-
most Christian teachers in the land. That
little secret night school of three became a
public day school in 1886 under Dr. Elms-
lie, with two of the above lads as assistants.
A severe drought that year was the means
used of G o d to bring the Ngoni to a more
docile frame of mind, so that opposition
was withdrawn and liberty granted to teach
the children. Out of that little school,
with the European missionary and his two
assistants and fifty scholars, there have
grown^ three stations manned by three
Europeans, two of w h o m are married;
forty-one native assistants—thirty-three
males and eight females; twenty-five mon-
itors preparing for assistantships; three
senior schools and sixteen junior schools,
having 1,300 scholars ; twenty-five baptized
converts; forty-one candidates for bap-
252 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

tism ; hearers' classes for m e n and w o m e n ,

to the father or mother a Bible for famUy
and industrial classes for girls. use, so that in every case the new home in
"This, then, is the outcome of those America should have a copy of the W o r d
humble and obscure beginnings ten years of God. W e have been able, through the
ago. In addition to the above, another kindness of the American Bible Society, to
important fact remains to be stated—that distribute this precious word in many lan-
is, that the above Christian progress has guages for this large distribution.
so penetrated and affected the general life W e have specially sought to supply the
of the people that morally and socially it chUdren—those able to read—-with a small
is improved; and the general attitude of Bible or Testament, that they might feel
the people is so favorable to the reception that they possessed the book as their own.
of the Gospel that, were our present sta- During the year f 99 steamers have ar-
tions thoroughly equipped for steady work rived at N e w York, bringing as immigrants
both among m e n and women, and perhaps 242,023 men, w o m e n and children. A m o n g
another station or two begun, NgonUand this large number w e have distributed
might be Christianized in the immediate 56,030 volumes. They have found homes
future." in every State in the Union, carrying -with
— T h e Telugu Mission of the American them Bibles and Testaments in the follow-
Baptist Union records 881 baptisms in ing languages : EngUsh, Welsh, French,
1894 and has a present membership of Danish, Swedish, Finnish, Itahan, Spanish,
53,502, with 8,048 Christian pupUs in the German, Dutch, Russian, Bulgarian, Hun-
schools and 5,456 in Sabbath-schools. garian, Bohemian, Polish, Sla'vic, Arabic,
Greek, Armenian, Hebrew and Portuguese.
— T h e Basle Missionary Society reports In m a n y cases our missionaries are able to
that the Gospel has become a mighty power converse with the people, gi'ving them
in the Gold Coast, the number of Chris- m u c h good ad'vioe and needed information
tians (13,036) having doubled in the last concerning tickets, baggage, etc. This has
ten years.
been appreciated among the people arriving
AT H O M E . here as strangers and not understanding
New York.—The New York Bible Soci- our customs. W e often receive letters
ety has distributed 24,311 volumes in the thanking us for Bibles and Testaments
city during the year. The following inter- given, and asking for small donations of
esting statement is taken from the report Testaments for distribution, or to use in
of the Immigrant Committee: starting a Sabbath-school in destitute com-
There seems to be a growing desire on munities. Very m u c h of this work is done
the part of the immigrants landing here to in faith in the promise that " M y word shaU
get a copy of the W o r d of God, and the not return unto M e void, but it shall ac-
fact that thefirstgift put in their hands is complish that which I please, and it shall
a copy of the Holy Scriptures in their o w n prosper in the thing whereto I sent it."
language is a cause of special thankfulness Newbuegh, N. Y.—Annual report of the
to all lovers of the Bible. W h e n famUies Missionary Society of the First Reformed
arrive w e have made special effort to give Presbyterian Church, Newburgh, N. Y.:
 Items of Missionary Intelligence.
Another year in the history of our so-
ciety is added to the past. A year, while
not free from sorrow, yet one filled with
the loving kindnesses of the Lord. W e
have been privileged to hold eleven regu-
lar meetings and one special during the
year, with an average attendance of twelve
(12) members. O n e meeting was omitted
because of the serious illness of our beloved
president, but w e are thankful to our Heav-
enly Father that H e has so wonderfully
answered our prayers on her behalf that
she is n o w recovering, and w e hope soon to
have her with us again. Thefirstwork of
the year was to provide clothing for some
needy ones at home, and to furnish cloth-
ing and material for the Christian En-
deavor box for Selma, Ala. Social calls
have been made in m a n y homes, wbich w e
trust have not only refreshed and strength-
ened tired and sick ones, but have been a
blessing to ourselves.
Our pastor gave a very delightful talk
one evening on Mackay of Uganda, em-
phasizing points in tbat strong life to
quicken our missionary spirit. W e trust
its lessons will not soon be forgotten. O n
thefirstSabbatb in February, Dr. J. A. An-
derson, of the China Inland Mission, de-
livered a lecture on China, under the aus-
pices of our society. The church was well
fiUed, and the lecture was intensely inter-
esting and instructive. A n d I m a y say
just here that w e are glad to report that
one of our scholars has come out on
Christ's side and was baptized and united
'with the Church in January, and others
are almost ready to follow in his steps.
They have contributed $50 this year to the
China Inland Mission. W e made arrange-
ments for Dr. Anderson to speak in two
other churches the same day, thereby giv-
253
ing m a n y more an opportunity of hearing
him and learning of Mission work in China.
W e have received letters from Miss
Dodds, of Asia Minor, and Mrs. Mclsaacs,
of the Selma Missiou, the former telling us
of the persecution by the Turks, and the
latter also of the social ostracism of the
South, besides showing us the bright side
of their work.
W e also received letters from a member
of a sister congregation in York, which
were very encouraging. At our meetings
w e have tried to keep posted on the
"world-wide field of Missions" by read-
ings from our church magazines and other
missionary papers, also by special letters
sent by the China Inland Mission to the
treasurer of our Chinese school. Miss Ger-
trude Carlisle. In this way w e have heard
from China, Syria, Africa, South America,
the Islands of the Sea, and our own h o m e
fields, in Selma, Ala., and.Indian Territory,
also from our Jewish Missions in Philadel-
phia and Cincinnati.
At our last anniversary Miss Mary E.
Wilson read a paper on the Jewish Mis-
sions, and at our regular monthly meeting
in M a y she read an essay on " H o w M a y
the W a r Between China and Japan Affect
Missions ?" The latter paper was pub-
lished in Heeald of Mission News, and
was also read by request at the business
meeting of the Young People's Society of
Christian Endeavor.
For the benefit of those w h o were un-
able to attend the Thursday evening prayer
service, w e decided to hold a prayer meet-
ing in the different homes of the congrega-
tion once a month. Thefirstone was held
on the third Thursday in May. W e found
this so successful that w e afterward decided
to meet twice a month. So m a n y were
•254 Items of Missionary Intelligence.

willing to open their homes for this pur- glory, we shall have an abundant entrance
pose that it was a real pleasure to attend, into the Kingdom of our Lord and Saviour,
One especially, w h o was very ill, and w h o Jesus Christ.
has since passed away, was very anxious to Respectfully submitted,
have us come. W e held two meetings Lizzie Fbazee,
there, and, although in a very weak state, October, 1895. Secretary.
she was delighted with our meetings, show- Treasurer's report of Woman's Mission-
ing us h o w Uttle w e know of the hungry ary Society, First Reformed Presbyterian
hearts of the shut-ins. Church, Newburgh, N. Y.:
In closing this our annual report, w e eeceipts.
realize that much of our work cannot be District collections $32 96
put into words-the fervent prayers offered Members' fees 10 50
-,,,,,„ , : :, . Collected at meetmgs 1338
on behalf of the workers m the various CoUected from members 11 10
fields, the desires of our hearts for more Donations 16 20
laborers to be sent out, that the Kingdom Proceeds of Dr. Anderson's lecture 20 50
of Christ m a y come on the earth, cannot ""= ~
be measured in visible results; but w e „ ^ ? ^-i" 't " 'i orio or.
1 ,1 ^ -, , , -, Sabbath-school 300 36
Know tne G o d w n o hears and answers
prayers, w h o grants the very desire of the Total $405 00
heart to those who commit their way unto disbuesements.
Him, wUl use our prayers and whatever Paid to Dr. Anderson $20 50
has been done in the name of His Son for T o Syrian Mission 384 50
His own glory and the advancement of His
Kingdom. Total $405 00
As we have looked upon thefieldswhite ^^^^^ Wilson, Treasurer.
aiready to harvest, and see the fruit falling Newburgh, N. Y.—Resolations on the
and being destroyed for lack of laborers death of Mrs. Carlisle, by the Y. P. S. C.
to gather it—as w e hear the call from all E. of First Reformed Presbyterian Church,
sides—" C o m e over and help us ! " — w e are Newburgh, N. Y.:
confused with the Babel of voices. W e can Whereas, In the all wise and sovereign
only say with Israel of old, " Neither know purpose of God, our Heavenly Pather, it
w e what to do, but our eyes are upon has pleased H i m to call to higher service
Thee," and from the Lord comes the an- Mrs. Samuel CarUsle, mother of our be-
swer, " The battle is not yours, but God's." loved pastor; therefore
Then let us take fresh courage and go Resolved, 1. That we bow submissively
forward, knowing that if we look unto to His will, and humbly say. Thy 'wiU, not
Jesus, the Author and Finisher of our ours, be done.
laith, lay aside every weight, and run with 2. That w e record our appreciation of
patience the race set before us, and while the Christian deportment and character of
w e run pray, aud while we pray work, our departed friend.
abiding in His love,filledwith His joy, 3. That w e bear testimony to her use-
suffering His sh'ime, living only for His fulness in our midst, and her faithfulness
 Monographs. 255

to her family as a mother. She was de-
voted to her Master's work in the cause of
Missions, a real sympathizer in every time
of trouble, a patient and uncomplaining
sufferer in her illness, and loved by all her
friends and acquaintances.
4. That to her sons and daughters we
convey our Christian sympathy, and in this,
their hour of sorrow and loneliness, we
commend them to therichconsolation and
comfort in Ghrist Jesus.
5. That as God has once again spoken to
us, we will, by the Spirit's help, so live
that we shall not be taken unawares, but
watching.
6. That a copy of these resolutions be
sent to the family of our friend; also that
a copy be sent to the Heeald oe Mission
News, Tfie Christian Nation, The Ghris-
tian Reformer and the Reformed Presby-
terian and Covenanter for publication, and
that they be recorded on the minutes of
the Society.
Respectfully submitted,
Mr. Dewitt Rose,
Mr. James L. Ross,
Miss Eeeie Raite,
Mr. John S. C. Henderson,
Committee.
Utica, Ohio.—Resolutions' on the death
of Mrs. Ann Kirkpatrick:
Whereas it has pleased our Heavenly
Father to remove from earth to the man-
sion prepared for her, our sister, Mrs. Ann
Kirkpatrick, one of the original members
of this society, and we desire to pay a
tribute of love to her memory:
Resolved, 1. That each member of our
society has sustained a personal loss in the
death of our departed friend,finding,as
we always did, that she possessed a heart
so warm, so true, and so full of sympathy.
2. That while cherishing the memory of
our dear departed friend, we will imitate
her many virtues, particularly her open-
hearted generosity and kindly administra-
tions to the sick, suffering and dying.
3. That we hereby tender our heartfelt
sympathy to the bereaved children, and
commend them to the care of that Friend
who neither slumbers nor sleeps.
4. That a copy of these resolutions be
presented to children of the deceased and
published in the Herald op Mission News.
Agnes L. Dbaey,
Amanda Heevey,
Mart E. Boyd,
Committee.

M O N O G R A P H S .

HO, F O R T H E L A N D O F SINIM! days during which our Mission band tar-

The missionaries for China arrived in ried with us seemed to be precious. To us
Oakland on the evening of November 1st. here they were red-letter days, and we hope
They did not saU untU the 13th. They are that all that has occurred may tend to the
now away out on the Pacific, which is be- re'vival of this Oakland Mission. The mis-
coming more and more the great highway sionaries preached in the Mission chapel
both Sabbaths spent here. Their frequent
of missionaries. Every hour of the eleven
256 Monographs.
meetings with the Chinese Christians here
and in San Francisco gave them a better
knowledge of the character of the work be-
fore them. They saw something of what
the Gospel has done for the Chinese here,
and they became more hopeful and joyous
in reference to the work in China.
Limited space will not permit m e to
write what I would write about the various
meetings and events that occurred during
the eleven days. M u c h time was necessa-
rily spent in correspondence and in prep-
aration for the long voyage before them.
B y their presence the Wednesday evening
Chinese prayer-meeting was made more
pleasant and profitable than usual. O n
Thursday they and other Covenanter in-
vited friends dined sumptuously together
in the rooms of the W . C. T. U. Saturday
was spent with three Chinese Christians
and the writer in visiting the San Francisco
"Chinatown." Four of the Chinese Mis-
sions were visited, also a pagan temple.
Dining at a bon-ton restaurant, they took
theirfirstlessons in the use of chopsticks.
Calling upon a few of the Chinese mer-
chants, they formed acquaintance with
specimen Christian business men. A n d
what they learned when with educated
Chinese evangelists wUl be helpful to them
when entering upon their work in the for-
eignfield.O n the second Sabbath all four
spent the hour after public service in the
Mission Sabbath-school and heard the ex-
ercises of Mrs. Johnston's class of twelve or
fourteen Chinese w h o are studying the O.T.
International Lessons. Here they saw
what attainments can be made in Bible
study by those w h o were strangers to the
W o r d of G o d until they came into the Mis-
sion. O n Monday the missionaries and
their friends and other invited guests were
dined royally at the rooms of the W . C. T. U.
by our old-time friends and brothers, the
business firm of Chung Git & F u n g Tom.
O n that festive occasion it was the privi-
lege of the writer to sit between Rev. Jee
G a m and Missionary McBurney, the former
working for the salvation of his own people
in our land, the latter going to work for
the same race in theirs. W h e n their work
is done, with what joy they will meet in
the heavenly land to compare the results of
their labors!
O n the Monday evening before the de-
parture w e had a memorable farewell mis-
sionary meeting. It was the best of all—
the best for the furtherance of the GospeL
I need not attempt to write it up except to
say that w e held it in the First Presbyte-
rian Church, and that besides the addresses
of our four missionaries w e had others by
Chinese-speaking missionaries, viz.. Rev.
I. M . Condit, Superintendent of Presbyte-
rian Missions, and his assistant, Evangelist
Soo H o o N a m Art, Rev. Jee G a m , Super-
intendent of the S. F. Congregational Mis-
sion, and Rev. Dr. Masters, Superintendent
of the Methodist Missions on this coast.
After these programmed addresses, which
were followed by those of our o w n Mission
band, another was given by Rev. P. Fran-
son, Director of the Scandinavian Alliance
Mission, w h o had just arrived from China,
where he had visited theirfifty-fiveMis-
sions. F r o m all these addresses much was
learned that 'will be of use to the outgoing
missionaries. A s to the devotional exercises,
it is pleasant to say that in the opening
prayer w e were led by Rev. Dr. Ketchum,
pastor of the Berkeley Presbyterian Church,
and in the closing by Rev. Dr. Calhoun,
U. P. pastor in Alameda. O n the reverse
side of the programme two psalms were
 Monographs.
printed, the 67th and the closing verses of
the 72d. Both were sung 'with great pow-
er by a large assembly, about one-third of
which was made up of Chinese Christians.
The Peru did not sail until Wednesday,
the 13th. Quite a company of friends, both
Chinese and American, went over the bay
to the Pacific dock to bid farewell to the
little band. In the cabin of the steamer
we held a parting prayer-meeting, and com-
mended the dear brothers and sisters to
the care of H i m who said, "Lo, I
am with you always," and w h o m
both wind and sea obey. While the
staunch ship was pushing off and
steaming away through Golden Gate to
the Pacific, we who lingered on shore
could not but ask the question: Is not this
the most important departure in the whole
history of the Missions of the Covenanter
Church ? Some who will survive the writer
may be able to answer. N. R. J.
Oakland, Cal., Nov. 18, 1895.
FAREWELL.
lAnes written by Mrs. Law, of Denison,
Kan., an old lady over 80 years of age,
on the departure of our missionaries to
China.
Go onward, go forward, go far, far away, Makung, and took possession of the town,
Go now at the Saviour's call,
And may H e preserve you by night and by north of the little island. Among them
day
As you preach Him to great and to small. place of worship, outside one of the town
Leaving childhood companions and friends
of your youth,
And faces of friends there so dear.
Do not be discouraged, the Scripture of
truth
Withrichpromises sendeth good cheer.
257
Then when bidding adieu to those shores
that you love.
M a y regretting have no place with you,
I trust you'U look up to the high Throne
above
Where there's balm for the sad, sad
adieu.
When sailing away o'er the sea's briny
deep,
Oh, may you be safely kept then,
By H i m ever present, but never asleep,
Please, now, let us all say. Amen.
And when you have crossed the dark rol
ing sea.
Your feelings we cannot here tell ;
There's plenty of work there, 'tis easy to
see;
Sowing comes before reaping—Farewell.
ONE IN CHRIST.
A most interesting manifestation of
Christian brotherhood is reported from
the Pescadores, islands belonging to For-
mosa, and ceded to Japan along with it.
There is a little group of believers, organ-
ized into a church, in the town of Makung,
on the south end of the largest of the Pes-
cadores. W h e n the Japanese landed at
many of the inhabitants retreated to the
was the group of Makung believers. Their
gates, was among the buildings occupied
by the Japanese. As its books and furni-
ture had disappeared, there was nothing
about it to indicate its character. By and
by the Christians returned to Makung
and asked that their church might be re-
stored to them. This was at once granted,
258 Monographs.

and they resumed their services. In the vessel on her head, a leg of mutton in one
Japanese force were some Christians, and hand, and water in the other. She sat
as soon as the Chinese Christian church down, and without saying a word, made
was resumed they began to attend the ser- afireand cooked the meat.
vices. D a y by day ever since the Japan- " W e asked her again and again w h o she
ese and Chinese Christians have worshiped was. She remained silent until w e affec-
together. They do not understand each tionately entreated her to give a reason
other's speech; but they can all read the for such unlooked-for kindness to strang-
Chinese written language, and so they have ers. Then the tears rolled down her sable
a means of communication. It is a beauti- cheeks, and she replied: 'I love H i m
ful Christian union. M r . Barclay, w h o whose you are, and surely it is m y duty to
writes about it, says: " A number of of- give you a oup of cold water in His name.
ficers, a pastor, a doctor, and some soldiers M y heart is full, therefore I cannot speak
from among the Japanese attend. Our the joy I feel at seeing you in this out-of-
Chinese Christians write in w a r m praise the world place.'
of the kindness and earnestness of their " O n learning a little of her history, and
Japanese 'brethren.' There is a touch of that she was a solitary light burning in
romance in it not unwelcome in our steady- a dark place, I asked her h o w she kept up
going Presbyterian Mission work."— the light of G o d in the entire absence of
Monthly Messenger. the communion of saints. She drew from
her bosom a copy of the Dutch N e w Tes-
WHY SHE GAVE TO THE STRANGER. tament which she had received when in a
The influence of the teacher upon the Mission school some years before. ' This,'
heart of the African w o m a n is illustrated said she, ' is the fountain whence I drink;
by the following touching incident from this is the oil that makes m y lamp bum.'
Robert Moffat's experience: I looked on the precious relic, and m y joy
"In one of m y early journeys I came, can be imagined while w e mingled our
with m y companions, to a heathen 'viUage prayers and sympathies together at the
on the banks of the Orange River. W e throne of the Heavenly Pather."—Mission
had traveled far, and were hungry, thirsty, Field.
and fatigued; but the people of the vU- MORAVIANS.
lage rather roughly directed us to halt at There is no missionary story so wonder-
a distance from water, though in sight of ful as that which can be told of the Mora-
the river. vians. They began work in the West
" W h e n twUight grew on a w o m a n ap- Indies in 1732. A year later ground was
proached from the height beyond which broken by them in Greenland. Then came
the -vUlage lay. She bore on her head a Missions to the North American Indians in
bundle of wood, and had a vessel of milk 1734, to Surinam in 1735, and to Labrador
in her hand. The latter she handed to us, in 1771. A n d since then they have opened
laid down the wood and returned to the stations in Africa, Central America, Aus-
village without opening her lips. A sec- tralia, Tibet, Demerara, and Alaska. They
ond time she approached with a cooking were the first to publish a missionary
 Monographs. 359

magazine. This appeared in 1790; and fluence of our blessed reUgion? Let us
when, in 1890, a second century was demonstrate to others that our religion is
entered on, it reported 133 stations and at work in effecting this great transform-
47,573 baptized adults, with 350 mission- ation in us, that every step in onr progress
aries and 1,660 native helpers. T h e most has not been forced on us from without,
remarkable thing connected with all these as is the case with other communities, but
facts is this, that the h o m e church has is the natural outcome of the change that
only 27,287 communicants—that is, 20,000 Christianity has wrought in us as individ-
fewer than are being ministered to abroad. uals ; for, after all, Christianity is a vital
Every m e m b e r is required to contribute principle, a motive power, a transforming
to the support of foreign missions, and the force greater than any force of nature. Let
average amount given by each is £ 1 Is. a us make it clear that-there has not been in
year. Well m a y it be said: " W h e n all us a mere exchange of one creed for an-
other branches of the Ghurch shall do other, but that there has been a radical
what is done by the Moravians the world change of life, a thorough readjustment in
will soon be w o n for the Master."—Free standards of judgment, in motives and in
Church Mission Monthly. conduct. Let us show that w e have gained
in self-control, in self-reverence, in charity,
THE POWER OP CHRISTIANITY. in meekness, in capacity for bearing life's
I, for one, attribute all the progress—so- burdens cheerfully, as well as fighting
cial, moral and intellectual—to the leaven of life's battles bravely, above all, in unself-
Christianity. W e should rejoice at this ishness and in power to help others; for,
progress, not because w e have to regard it after all, the noblest lesson that our relig-
as an end in itself, but because w e k n o w ion teaches us is " B e unselfish, be noble,
that it is the outcome of the life-giving be good, be useful, and crown all with hu-
power of Christianity. Take away Chris- mility."—The Christian Patriot, of India.
tianity and substitute anything else in its
THE RETURNED BACKSLIDER.
place and our progress wUl prove a sham.
Let us therefore be careful to see that all At last accounts, M . Coillard, of the
our developments are in keeping with the Zambesi Mission, Africa, had left his sta-
spirit of Christianity, and let us not con- tion of Lealuyi, the king's tovm, to visit
found civilization with Christianity, as is Sefula, where he formerly labored. The
done so frequently in these days. W e dare Mission buildings had fallen into decay, but
not look to mere civilization as worthy to the spiritual work there begun had grown
be trusted with the moral or even the phys- and prospered. T h e number of converts
ical well-being of our community and with gathered during the awakening of last year
the guardianship of the generation next was already more than eighty. Nearly
coming. Does it appear that civilization forty of M . Coillard's pupUs, w h o once
alone, without Christian influence, is likely threw away their books and returned to
much to promote the personal and h o m e paganism, were numbered among the
felicity of our rising community? Dare Christians, and all of them could read their
we ignore the purifying, the steadying in- Bibles. O n e of the former backsliders, a
260 Editorial Notes.

high chief now, was asked in a full assem-
bly by a Christian w o m a n h o w they should
know that he was n o w sincere. " M y moth-
er," humbly answered Mokamba, " I thank
you for asking m e the question. I know
that it is not by m y protestations to-day
that you will be convinced. It will only be
by m y after-life. It is only by the fruits
that you know the tree. But G o d is m y
witness that I a m true. M y return to the
world is a lamentable history; it will be a
lesson to you all. I was sincere formerly.
It was a joy to m e to go to the services.
But when promoted to the dignity of
Liomba (third chief of the country), I suf-
fered myself by little and little to become
absorbed in business. I soon found that it
was far and tiresome to go to church at
Sefula every week. I relaxed m y efforts.
Our father said truly to m e , 'Take care,
Mokamba, you are falling back.' I ended
by being altogether tired of it. A n d when
our father went to live in Lealuyi I had
fallen, and was only the skeleton of a
Christian; to speak truly, I had only the
skin of a Christian. H e wisely said to me,
' Mokamba, read the Bible every day, all
the same.' It was what^saved me. I could
not read it long without seeing that it con-
demned me. I was unhappy. But amid
m y wanderings, I always prayed. G o d has
had pity upon m e and n o w I a m happy.
Let m y history instruct you, you w h o be-
lieve."—Missionary Herald.

EDITORIAL N O T E S .

—The Heeald of Mission News closes interested in the work which they repre-
its ninth year with this number. Subscrib- sent to have their names enrolled on the
ers w h o have not paid for 1895 are re- list of permanent subscribers. T h e price
quested to remit at their earliest conveni- is only fifty cents a year, and a cent a
ence and say whether or not they wish the week is not very m u c h to give for full and
paper for another year. It is only neces- reliable information in regard to the mis-
sary to remind those w h o are careful to sionary operations of the Church.
pay in advance that the continued success
of the enterprise depends measurably on —It will be necessary to intermit the
their loyal support. publication of the Hbeald of Mission News
during the Spring and S u m m e r months of
—The Herald of Mission News has been 1896, if w e are able to carry out present ar-
sent regularly during the year to m a n y rangements to visit the Mission fields.
families in the Western States at the ex- The interests of subscribers, however, shall
pense of Rev. Henry Easson and other mis- be carefully guarded. The same amount
sionaries w h o sought in this way to extend of reading matter shall be secured to them
its circulation. It is hoped that those w h o through the issuing of double or extra num-
have been reading the paper for twelve bers before leaving home, or after our re-
months through the courtesy of these de- turn. A n d every one can see that a visit to
voted laborers have become sufficiently thefieldswhere our brethren are at work
 Editorial Notes. 261

should make the department of " Mission- been in China recently and have been
ary Intelligence'' even more interesting called to suffer for the name of Christ, and
and valuable than it has ever been. If any- they are very anxious to have us go. O n e
thing should occur in the providence of poor fellow said very earnestly, 'I hope
the Mediator to prevent our return to you will not condemn m y people for their
resume editorial work, subscribers who pay idolatry, for they know no better; but I
in advance for the coming year will have hope you have pity for them. Pity them
the satisfaction of knowing that their and love them.'" H e also refers to the
money was devoted to a missionary object, farewell meeting held for them at the Pres-
whUe those w h o m a y be in arrears wUl byterian Church, where two returned mis-
honestly discharge their indebtedness to sionaries, both from the Canton district,
this paper by adding whatever m a y be due spoke. " Their addresses," he says, " were
at the time to their regular contribution very instructive to us and w e were glad to
to the work of foreign Missions. If any have them tell us of things which w e wiU
one whose n a m e is on our mailing list is have to meet. . All they said did not dis-
not disposed to fall in with this arrange- courage us. Indeed, it was a great en-
ment, let him notify us at once, and w e couragement to see m e n w h o had gone
will drop his name. W e will leave no through what awaits us, and to see that
representative to w h o m an appeal can be that they were none the worse of it, and
made, and w e wish to be entirely frank in then to hear them say, 'Oh, it is happi-
this matter, that there m a y be no misun- ness and joy to tell the story to one w h o
derstanding in the future. has never heard it.' Both declared that
their missionary work was the happiest of
—The steamship Peru, on which our their lives."
missionaries to China were passengers, was In a private letter Mr. Johnston thus
reported at Yokohama, Japan, November refers to the departure of our missionaries
30th, after a voyage of seventeen days on Wednesday, November 13, at 3 p. m.:
from San Francisco. Probably we shall " A large company of friends of both races
have direct word of their arrival at H o n g went to see them off. They departed in
Kong before going to press. W e have health and good spirits. The weather was
delayed the issue of this paper in the hope fine, and they passed out through Golden
of being able to give such information to Gate to the ocean under a clear sky and
the churches. upon a smooth sea." T o his prayer that
Rev. N. R. Johnston has very kindly they m a y have a safe voyage and an open
prepared a report of farewell meetings on door on the other side, the churches have
the Pacific Coast, which is published as a been saying and will say, " Amen."
monograph entitled " H o ! for the Land of
Sinim!" A letter written by Brother R o b b —On Sabbath afternoon, November 3,
a little while before sailing tells of great the deacons of Second N e w York found in
kindness shown the departing missionaries the collection box an envelope with the
by the Chinese in Oakland and San Fran- following indorsement: " T o be given to
cisco. " S o m e of them," he says, " have the pastor for missionary fields." It con-
262 Editorial Notes.
tained thirty-five dollars, but no name,
Toward the close of the same month w e
received one hundred doUars from Mrs.
Margaret Turner, of Waukesha, Wis., " for
foreign Missions to be used where the
Board m a y think there is the greatest pres-
ent need." The letter, with this enclosure,
also contained ten dollars toward the salary
of the Young Women's Missionary from
Mrs. M . B. Wright, of the same place, in
memory of her dear chUd w h o was taken
away a few years ago, and with earnest
prayers for the blessing of the Redeemer
on His work.
A letter has just come to hand from
Rev. J. M . Foster, of Boston, Mass., in
which he says that yesterday (Sabbath,
December 1) the Chinese Sabbath-school
connected with his congregation made an
offering of ten dollars to the n e w Mission
in China. The English Sabbath-sohool
gavefifteendollars to be expended by our
missionaries in Turkey for th© relief of
present need. Miss Anna Morton's class
also gave seven dollars to the Syrian Mis-
sion, in addition to ten contributed in the
S u m m e r and yet unreported to the treas-
urer.
It is hoped that these items will stimu-
late others to greater liberality in support-
ing the work of making known Christ in
the world. Unless there is a large increase
in the annual offerings to be made this
month for the foreign Missions over those
of last year, it wiU be necessary for the
Board to curtail the work in Syria and
Asia Minor. It will be impossible to meet
the heavy expenses connected with mis-
sionary operations there until congrega-
tions and individuals awake to a sense of
then" responsibility. The Board can only
administer the work of the Church accord-
ing to the instructions of the Church, when
the means are furnished by the Church.
A n d if there is to be no backward move-
ment, every one w h o gave ten cents last
year wiU have to givefifteenthis year.
_ ^ ^ ^^^^ ^,^^^.^^^ ^^^ following con-
^^.^^^.^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ j ^ ^ ^ ^ p,.
T) T) •
\ l• a $2 00
"^^ PMl"adelphia, Pa.
^^^^-^^ Sproull 50
Valencia, Pa.
Alien D. Cameron 6 87
Mitchell, Can.
The Fleming H. ReveU Company, of N e w
York, Chicago and Toronto, has laid on our
table the following books:
The Diary of a Japanese Convert. B y
K a n z o Uchimura. Price, $1.
The author of this little volume is a
Japanese w h o was educated in this coun-
try. Writing from his h o m e on an isle of
the Pacific, he tells the story of his conver-
sion and growth into the knowledge and
heart experience of Christianity. His book
supplies a fresh Ulustration of the Gospel
as the power of G o d unto salvation, and
that real religion, no matter what m a y be
the nationality of the m a n w h o has been
brought under the influence of the truth,
consists, not in obedience to outward ob-
servances, but in the presence of Christ
Himself in the soul of a believer. Here is
his definition of true prayer : " C o m m u -
nion with the Eternal Spuit, so that w e are
made to pray for what H e hath already in
His mind." It touches too upon many
vital questions of the day. Speaking, for
instance, of the class with which he was
connected during his coUege days in N e w
England, the author says: "^One main ob-
jection of the non-Christian part of the
 Editorial Notes.
class against Christianity was that it did
not allow them to study on Sabbaths. W e ,
the Christians, accepted this Sabbath law,
and though our examinations began always
on Monday mornings. Sabbaths were days
of rest to us, and physics or mathematics
or anything that pertained to 'flesh'was
cast aside on holy days. But lo! at the
close of our college days, when all our
' marks' were s u m m e d up, we, the Sab-
bath-keepers, were given the first seven
seats in the class, were to make all the
class speeches, and to carry away all the
prizes but one. Thus w e gave one more
proof of the ' practical advantage' of Sab-
bath-keeping, saying nothing of its intrin-
sic worth as a part of God's eternal
laws."
The Cross in the L a n d of the Trident.
B y Harlan P. Beach, Educational Secre-
tary of the Sludent Volunteer Movement
for Foreign Missions; formerly a mis-
sionary to China. Price, 50 cents.
This book contains, in small compass, a
vast amount of information in regard to
India. It opens with a chapter on " The
Land of the Aryans," in which are de-
scribed the main geographical divisions,
the natural resources and the climatic con-
ditions of India, and the effect of the land
upon its inhabitants. Then follow chap-
ters on the history of India, its c o m m o n
life, the religious life of the masses, and its
real m e n and women. W e also have in
this little volume the story of Christian
Missions in India and the present phases
of missionary work, with an appeal to
American students. It is admirably adapt-
ed to the pui-pose for which it has been
prepared, namely, as a text-book for mis-
sionary study classes, and deserves a wide
circulation.
263
Persian Life and Customs, witfi scenes
a n d incidents of residence and travel in the
land of the lion and the sun. B y Rev. S.
G. Wilson, M . A., fifteen years a mission-
ary to Persia. With •maps and illustra-
tions. Price, $1.75.
The author of this volume has traveled
extensively through Persia and gives his
readers a vivid picture of the civil, relig-
ious, social, domestic and commercial life
of the people in that ancient country. In
the closing chapter he bears very encour-
aging testimony to the value of missionary
labor:
" The Church Missionary Society has
two stations, four ordained, two medical
and six female missionaries, and two
Churches with 130 communicants. The
American Presbyterian Mission has 5 sta-
tions, 11 ordained, 9 medical, 1 industrial
and 38 female missionaries, and 38 Church-
es, with 2,838 communicants, organized into
3 Presbyteries. The Lutherans have a
congregation in Urumia, with other scat-
tered communicants. The total number of
Protestants in Persia is over three thou-
sand communicants and about ten thou-
sand adherents. A knowledge of
reformed Christianity has been inculcated,
resulting in an increased esteem for it,
even among tbose w h o do not accept it;
a permanent basis of an evangelical Utera-
ture has been laid in the translations of
the Bible and religious books; an im-
pulse has been given to the Oriental
Churches to effect internal reforms, and an
aggressive evangelical community has been
established. , .
"In Persia, when a fountain is to be
opened, m e n go up into a valley, and with
pick and shovel, bucket and windlass, put
d o w n wells and excavate underground
264 Editorial Notes.

channels, that the water m a y flow over the N o one can make a mistake in buying
plains below. F r o m the cfiesma or edge this book.
of this fountain a copious stream bursts F r o m F a r F o r m o s a : the Island, its
forth, and soon there appears a scene of People and Missions. B y George Leslie
verdure—fertilefields,fruitful gardens and M a c K a y , D . D., twenty-three years a mis-
vineyards, and wUlows and poplars by the sionary in Formosa. Edited by the Rev.
water-courses. Wherever the stream goes J. A . Macdonald. With portraits and
it manifests its fructifying, beautifying, illustrations. Price, $2.00.
purifying, refreshing, vitifying power, This book ought to have a very wide cir-
making what the Persians call a fardus— cle of readers. It tells the story of one of
a veritable Paradise. the most remarkable Missions of m o d e m
" So a fountain was opened in Jerusalem times. Twenty-four years ago, in the Au-
for sin and for uncleanness. Of old its tumn of 1871, George LesUe M a c K a y , a
streams flowed over these Eastern lands, young and inexperienced minister of the
making them a garden of the Lord in spU- Gospel, was sent out as thefirstforeign
itual beauty. But the channels became filled missionary of the Canadian Presbyterian
up with superstitions, errors and evil prac- Church. The report submitted to the Gen-
tices, and the Oriental Churches withered eral Assembly of 1895 gave the following
and decayed. N o w the servants of the statistics : 2 foreign ordained ministers ; 2
Master Husbandman are at work removing native ordained missionaries; 60 unor-
the debris, that the waters of life m a y dained native preachers; 24 native Bible
again overflow the waste places and reach w o m e n ; 1,738 native communicants in good
even to new M o h a m m e d a nfields,and the and regular standing in the Church, and
parched ground become a pool and the 2,633 baptized members. Four congrega-
thirsty land streams of water. tions are entirely self-supporting, and the
" Already in different parts of Persia w e natives contributed last year the sum of
see little spiritual oases. In the plains of $2,639.84. N o more marvelous story has
Urumia and Salmas, among the mountains been given to the Churches and the reading
of Kurdistan, through which Xenophon public since the publication of the Auto-
led his retreating ten thousand, along the biography of John G. Paton, with its thriU-
banks of the Tigris, by the ruins of ancient ing account of his lifework in the N e w
Nineveh, at Hamedan, hard by the tomb Hebrides.
of Esther and Mordecai, and in the cities W e have taken the liberty of inserting
of Tabriz, Teheran and Ispahan, w e see as a leading article in this issue of the
the beginnings and look soon for the abun- Herald of Mission News the chapter on
dant fruits of Christian living. " Training a Native Ministry,'' and w e hope
" A s the streams become more copious that " F r o m Far Formosa " 'will have many
and are led here and there over the land, readers in the Reformed Presbyterian
' the wilderness and the solitary place shall Church. N o one can come in this way into
be made glad, and the desert shall rejoice contact with a m a n of such heroic mold
and blossom as the rose.'" without being uplifted and stimulated in
the ser'vice of God.