Name : Safira Yafiq Khairani

NIM : 1802112130

Financial Accounting Theory

Resume of Class Discussion

1. Adibah: What requirements standard that should be consider in conducting the

disclosure? thankyou

Presenter’s Answer : The standard requirements of disclosure that should be used by a

company in issuing financial statements, namely, so there are 5 parts that must be
disclosed, including:

- Recognition and measurement coverage

- Basic financial reports
- Areas or sections or areas directly affected by existing FASB standards
- Financial report
-All useful information for investment activities, credit and similar decisions

Ades : Hello. I wanna share my idea related to Adibah's question. Yes I definitely
agree with it answer presenter. Generally, public companies are required to disclose
only information that can have a material impact on the financial results of the
company. The most common requirements that the companies must report include the
following:

-Audited financial statements

-Employed accounting policies and changes in the accounting policies -Non-monetary
transactions
-Material losses
-Asset retirement obligations -Details and reasons for goodwill impairment
-Existing litigation

2. Eva: my question related to your resume about disclosure that means financial reports
must provide sufficient information and explanation regarding the results activity of a
business unit. Can you tell us what kind of information and explanation in that
disclosure? Thankyou Safira

Presenter’s Answer : the example of mandatory disclosure is the annual financial report
of a company. and an example of voluntary disclosure is a value added report, one of the
 reports on the environment is like the one in the summary research journal that I took,
namely regarding the disclosure of carbon emissions, then another example is the
company's financial position. So thats are some example of information that must be
disclose in a business unit. Because the information described or disclosed includes the
financial statement itself, as well as information related to the financial statement and
additional communications including footnotes, post-date events, management
discussions and analysis, financial and operating forecasts, and additional financial
statements including disclosures segmental and complementary information is more
than historical cost.

Ades : Hello. I wanna add a little additional answer related to eva's question. Types of
Information must be disclosed in the financial statement are include accounting
changes, accounting errors, asset retirement, insurance contract modification and
noteworthy events. Sorry if I have a mistake.

Tiara : Hello presenter, I want to add my answer related to Eva question An

“accounting disclosure” is a statement that recognizes the financial policies of a firm
or business. This statement shows expenses and profits over a duration of time. An
accounting policy statement is disclosed for both the present investors in the business
and for potential investors. These policies are the strategies and methods of accounting
that are followed in the business. The overall exhibition of an accounting disclosure
includes: Financial statements, Balance sheet, Cash flow statement, Equity in
stockholders or changes made to it, if any, Retained earnings, Assets in the balance
sheet, Any change in paid-up capital, Liabilities, Continuing Operations and their
results, Net sale, Total profit and loss, if any

Izzah : Hello all, let me put my answer related with eva question. The example of
mandatory disclosure is in annual reports for companies that go public in the
Indonesian capital market. However, the example of the voluntary disclosure is the
company provides broader information regarding the financial performance that is
disclosed in the notes to the financial statement

Novegia : hi presenter, please allow me to give some information related to Eva's

question. there are several information that requires disclosure such as information that
is required in PSAK but not presented in financial statements, other information that is
not presented in the financial statements but is required in order to present it fairly. In
addition, the company must also provide an overview of the company, the accounting
policies used, such as accounting methods and approaches. Thank you

3. Ades: hello presenter how to determine the level of disclosure based on the right amount
of information?
 Presenter’s Answer : The appropriate level of disclosure is must be determined because
too much information is as disadvantageous as too little information. Therefore, criteria
or considerations are needed to determine the upper and lower limits when disclosing
them. The upper limit (cost> benefit) and the lower limit (materiality) in the qualitative
characteristics of the information for the recognition of an item can be considered in
determining the amount of information to be disclosed.

Findi : Excuse me presenter, let me add the explanation for Ades’ question. The
existence of disclosures in the company is very important because in conditions of
market uncertainty, the value of relevant and reliable information is reflected in the
disclosures of financial statements. Notes to financial statements are a medium for
disclosures required in accounting standards and which cannot be presented in the
balance sheet, income statement or cash flow statement. Meanwhile, transparency in a
company is used to assist investors in the capital market. Disclosure of financial
statements in a broad sense means the delivery of information. The disclosure by the
company is basically aimed at meeting the information needs of stakeholders.
Disclosure of information can be presented in financial reporting as, among other
things, financial statement items, notes to financial statements, use of technical terms
(terminology), explanations in brackets, attachments, auditor explanations in the
auditor's report, and management communications in the form of letters or official
statements.

4. Naomi: Hello presenter, I wanna ask should government intervene to determine what
and how much information to disclose or whether the matter is left to the market?

Presenter’s Answer : In my opinion yes it should. because by regulation which made by

the government it can reduce or minimize :
1. Misuse of information. It would prevent abuse and fraud (fraud) by capital market
players, especially in matters of disclosure.
2. Externalities. Externalities occur when the actions of one party (disclosing information)
affect the other party without bearing the cost or being harmed without compensation.
3. Information asymmetry or incomplete information.
4. Management reluctance. Sometimes because of management's self-interest tends to be
reluctant to disclose information that can increase its ability to fulfill its personal interests
at the expense of the public interest (public interest).

Ades : Hello presenter lemme give my idea related to Naomi's question. I totally agree
with your opinion. Yes it should. Because with government intervention, it can reduce
 some of the losses that might arise such as abuse, externalities, market failures,
information asymmetry and management reluctance.

5. Izzah: i wanna ask, for who is disclosure information intended and for what?

Presenter’s Answer : In this case the target are investors and creditors as the main focus.
but the public interest in general must also be protected and served and qualitative
information is also required to be provided because the target party is wider, the
disclosure tends to be widespread.

Ades : hi I wanna give some additional answer related to izzah's question. I agree with
Safira. investors and creditors are the main recipients and other users. The benefits of
information disclosure can make decisions rationally, assess the amount, recognition
of net cash receipts, provide information about the economic resources of a company,
provide information about the results of operations (financial performance) of a
company for 1 period, Provide useful information for managers and directors
according to owner's interests, To compare between companies and between years, To
provide information about future cash inflows and outflows, and To assist investors in
determining returns and investments

Dibah : Halo presenter i wanna add answer relater izzah’s question. Disclosures are
required for protective, informative, or special (differential) needs serving purposes.
According to Chariri et al (2007: 382), the objectives of disclosure in financial
statements are: To provide useful information for investors, creditors, and other users
in making rational decisions.

Findi : The purpose of disclosure is to provide users of financial statements with

significant and relevant information, such as investors, creditors, governments, etc., to
help them make decisions in the best possible way, provided that the benefits exceed
the costs. This implies that immaterial or relevant information must be removed for its
presentation to have an understandable meaning

Ivana : Hello presenter, please allow me to answer Izzah's' question. Based on the
resource that I get. According to Chariri et al (2007: 382), the objectives of disclosure
in financial statements are: Provide information in making decisions rationally,
provide information to assess the amount, recognition of net cash receipts, and provide
information about the economic resources of a company. Users of these benefits are
investors, creditors, and other users, both internal and external of the company. Thank
you and sorry for any mistakes
 Tiara : Hello presenter, I want to add my answer related to izzah question disclosure is
intended to protect management's treatment that may be unfair and open, and
disclosure is also directed to provide information that can help the effectiveness of the
user's decision making

Annisa : Hello every one, i have additional answer related to Izzah question. Proper
disclosure by corporations is the act of making its customers, investors, and any people
involved in doing business with the company aware of pertinent information. It would
ensure the related parties can accompany with our entities. Thankyou...

Novegia : please allow me to give a little bit opinion related to Izzah's question.
Disclosure information is intended to make the financial statement lead the user to
right decision. The quality in decision making is influenced by the quality of company
disclosures provided through the Annual Report so that the information presented in
the financial statements can be understood and does not cause misinterpretation, then
the presentation of financial statements must be accompanied by sufficient disclosure.
thank you.

6. Wardah: Hello presenter, i would like to ask a question. Can you explain more each
point in the disclosure method? thank you?

Presenter’s Answer :
 Form and structure of a formal report : is a disclosure that characterizes central financial
reporting. And be reported in a financial statement, an object or item must meet the
recognition criteria. Generally quantitative in nature and includes notes on financial
statements

 Terminology and detailed presentation : Technical terms or terminology and strategic are
part of the disclosure. Therefore, the correct term must be used consistently for heading
names, elements, headings, or subheadings.

 Information inserts : Additional report details or insert, detailed lists and the like can be
presented as attachments or presented in other sections separate from the main statement.
As an example: Product sales details, Accounts receivable details and Details of fixed
assets by type.
 Footnotes : Is a method of disclosure for information that is impractical or does not meet
the criteria to be presented in the form of a financial statement element

 Comments on the auditor's report : The auditor must describe in the auditor's report the
circumstances that cause the above requirements not to be fulfilled and demonstrate the
effect on the fairness of the financial statements as a whole.

7. Kemal: Good afternoon presenter, i have some question. Who enforces the regulations
regarding disclosure in Indonesia? Thank you

Presenter’s Answer : so in indonesia , the body who enforce the regulation of

disclosure is divided by two , there are :

1. BAPEPAM (through BAPEPAM Regulations) but BAPEPAM more concerned with

the level of disclosure and what should be disclosed, especially in the interests of
public registration and initial public offerings

2. Profession / IAI (through accounting standards) : focuses on how to disclose or

disclosure format, especially in external financial reporting.