1. A is indebted to B for P1000.

A issued a check in favor B payable on demand which means he can

encash it anytime. B is indebted to C in the same amount hence he endorsed the check to C in
payment of his obligation of equal amount. C has an outstanding loan to D thus he endorsed the
same check to D in full settlement of the obligation. A and D are brothers. Before heading to
Hongkong for a vacation, D entrusted the check to A. Which among the following statements is
correct?

a. Novation has taken place thus the obligation is extinguished.

b. Confusion has taken place because the characters of the debtor and creditor were
merged in the same person thus the obligation is extinguished.

c. A remains a debtor and his creditor now is D.

2. D is indebted to C in the amount of P300 payable in three equal installments every last day of
the month beginning 31 January 2020. D paid P100 on the date when the first installment
became due. D was cash-strapped on 28 February 2020 thus he was not able to pay.
Incidentally, C forgot to remind D that the second installment is already due. On March 31,
2020, D paid the supposed third installment. C just simply accepted the payment and went off.
The following day C went to D’s house and demanded payment of the missed installment. D
refuses and argues that when C accepted a later installment, he is deemed to have confirmed
payment of a prior installment. Which among the following statements is correct?

a. C cannot collect because D enjoys the presumption that he has paid a prior installment
when C accepted a later installment.

b. C will be allowed by the court to present evidence to support his allegation that D is
short by one installment. C will not be allowed by the court to present evidence to
reinforce his claim that D is C.

Short by one installment.

 3. D promised to give a shih tzu to C on April 30, 2020 if it rains at exactly 7:00pm on that date. It
did rain on that date and time. After the rain had stopped, D went to C get what the latter has
promised. C alleged that lightning struck the shih tzu he intends to give.

Which among the following statements is correct? A. The loss is not D’s fault thus the obligation is
extinguished.

b. The obligation is not extinguished even if the loss is not D’s fault.

c. D may be held liable for damages.

4. D is alternatively bound to deliver a pair of Nike shoes or a pair of Addidas slippers. A few days
later, D communicated to C his decision to deliver a pair of Nike shoes. On the date the pair of
shoes are to be delivered, C texted D for him to deliver a Nike shoe for his left foot and an
Addidas slipper for his right foot. Which among the following statements is correct?

a. D may refuse because creditor cannot be compelled to receive a part of Nike shoes

And a part of Addidas slippers and D is bound to completely perform one of them. B. D may deliver a
Nike shoe and an Addidas slipper if C wishes to

b. D shall deliver a Nike shoe and an Addidas slipper if C wishes to

5. In 2019, A, B and C bound themselves in solidum to give X P3,000 subject to the following
stipulations: A to pay in 2021, B if he passes the board; C to pay in 2022. In 2021. Which among
the following statements is correct? A. X can demand only P1000 and he can demand it from A
in 2021.

b. X can demand P3000 from anyone among A, B and C because the obligation is solidary which means
anyone among the debtors can be compelled to pay the entire

amount.
c. X cannot demand any amount from anyone in 2021 because he has to wait for all the conditions to be
complied with because the obligation is solidary.

6. Under the law, the husband and wife have to support one another. On 01 April 2021, the wife
was about to deliver a child. Her parents-in-law called the doctor. After the doctor had attended
to the wife, he asked for his professional fee. Which among the following statements is correct?

a. The parents-in-law have to pay the doctor because a contract was created between
them and the doctor when the former asked for the latter’s service and the latter
acceded thereto.

b. The wife has to pay because she was benefitted by the doctor’s service.

c. The husband has to pay because he has the duty to support his wife.

7. X is a devoted member of a church called Heaven Fellowship. One of the teachings the
fellowship advances is for members to surrender half of their earnings to the leader and not to
pay any tax to the government. Which among the following statements is correct?

a. Members can validly refuse payment of taxes to the government under the Doctrine of
Separation of church and the State.

b. Members can validly refuse payment of taxes to the government because Acts of God
generally exempt persons from obligations.

c. Members cannot validly refuse payment of taxes to the government because there is
law requiring individuals, not otherwise exempt, to pay taxes
 8. Which of the following statements is incorrect? A. Generic obligations are never extinguished by
fortuitous events.

b. Specific obligation, as a rule, is extinguished by fortuitous event or act of God.

c. Fortuitous event or act of God exempts individual from liability at all times.

9. D and C executed a deed of sale for D’s car. It was drafted in the language known to both of
them and the words used are simple that even a grade 6 pupil can easily understand. The
instrument, among others, expressly and unequivocally states that the car is sold together with
all the items found inside. When C had arrived home, he discovered after thorough scouring that
the jack is missing. He called D who said, “It ain’t there if it isn’t there. The instrument says
anything that is there is yours. Otherwise, don’t tire yourself looking for it.” Which of the
following statements is correct.

a. D is bound to deliver a jack even if it is not specifically mentioned in the deed of sale.

b. D is not bound to deliver a jack because of the language of the deed of sale is

Clear that only those items found inside are included in the sale.

c. D is not bound to deliver a jack because C is negligent for not exerting effort to look for
the jack before paying the car.

10. What problem, issue or concern you see around you that needs to be addressed

Through legislation. Write the concern and the legislation you intend to propose. Ex. Concern

: Over population

Proposed legislation : A law limiting the number of children to two