You are on page 1of 4

5th International Conference on Computer & Communication Engineering

(QHUJ\+DUYHVWLQJIRU%DFNXS3RZHU6XSSO\8VLQJ6SHHG+XPSV

8PDLU$KPHG.KDQ6KHUR].KDQ$PHOLD:RQJ$]PDQ
'HSDUWPHQWRI(&(.XOOL\\DKRI(QJLQHHULQJ
,QWHUQDWLRQDO,VODPLF8QLYHUVLW\0DOD\VLD.XDOD/XPSXU
HPDLOUDMSXW#JPDLOFRP


Abstract² 5HQHZDEOH HQHUJ\ LV EHFRPLQJ D SURVSHURXV ZLWK RWKHU HQHUJ\ VWRUDJH WHFKQLTXHV QDPHO\
LQGXVWU\ZLWK QXPHURXV UHVHDUFKHUV IRFXVLQJ DQG H[SORULQJ VXSHUFRQGXFWLQJ HQHUJ\ VWRUDJH DQG VXSHU FDSDFLWDQFH
QHZ DQG HIIHFWLYH ZD\V WR KDUQHVV WKH SRZHU IURP PHDQV HQHUJ\VWRUDJHWHFKQLTXH)(6WHFKQLTXHLVPRVWO\XVHGLQ
DYDLODEOH RQ VSRW 7KLV SDSHU SUHVHQWV D QHZ SURSRVHG HOHFWURPDJQHWLFODXQFKDSSOLFDWLRQVV\VWHP (0/ ZKLFK
PHFKDQLVPIRUKDUQHVVLQJIURPYHKLFOHVSDVVLQJRYHUUDPSV LV PDLQO\ DWWULEXWDEOH WR WKH IDFW WKDW LW SURYLGHV PRUH
HQHUJ\ GHVWLQHG RI JRLQJ LQWR ZDVWH LI QRW KDUYHVWHG ,W LV GHVLJQIOH[LELOLW\GRHVQRWGHSHQGRQWKHEUHDNWKURXJKRI
NLQHWLF HQHUJ\ XVHG IRU JHQHUDWLQJ HOHFWULFLW\ 8QOLNH WKH FHUWDLQ FULWLFDO WHFKQRORJ\ DQG WKXV DUH SDUWLFXODUO\
PDQ\ RWKHU GHVLJQV IRU SRZHU JHQHUDWLRQ WKLV SDSHU VKHGV
DWWUDFWLYH IRU ORQJWHUP KLJKVSHHG RSHUDWLRQ ZKLFK LV
OLJKW RQ WKHLGHD RI WKH URWDWLRQDO FRQYHUVLRQXVLQJ IO\ZKHHO
HVVHQWLDOO\DJUHDWLPSRUWDQFHIRU)(6V\VWHPV
DQG JHDU PHFKDQLVP XVHG XQGHUQHDWK WKH URDG VXUIDFH DW
WKHSRLQWRIURDGZKHUHDVSHHGEUHDNHULVUDLVHG7KHOLQHDU
)O\ZKHHOWHFKQRORJ\KDVEHHQFRQVLGHUHGDQDWWUDFWLYH
PRWLRQRIDUDFNLVFRQYHUWHGLQWRURWDWLRQDOPRWLRQDSSOLHG HQHUJ\ VWRUDJH FKRLFH GXH WR LWV SRWHQWLDO IRU UHGXFHG
E\ WKH RQFRPLQJ YHKLFXODU ORDG 7KH V\VWHP LV GHVFULEHG LQ ZHLJKW DQG YROXPH KLJK GXW\F\FOH WROHUDQFH DQG ORZ
WHUPV RI WKH GLPHQVLRQV RI WKH UDFN DQG SLQLRQ DQG WKH PDLQWHQDQFH UHTXLUHPHQWV > @ $QRWKHU WRSRORJ\ LV
QXPEHURIWHHWKRQWKHJHDUV7KHSXOOH\VWUXFWXUHLVJHDUHG SUHVHQWHGWKDWWKH)(6V\VWHPLVXVHGWRGHOLYHUWKHVWRUH
VXFK LW LV XOWLPDWHO\ PDNLQJ D JHQHUDWRU WR URWDWH IRU HQHUJ\WRWKHJHQHUDWRUWRJHWLWVUDWHGVSHHGEHFDXVHWKH
SURGXFLQJ DQ RXWSXW YROWDJH 7KH RXWSXW YROWDJH LV RI IO\ZKHHOVWRUHHQHUJ\LQWHUPVRILQHUWLD>@
YDULDEOHQDWXUHGHSHQGLQJRQWKHWUDIILFIORZ7KHV\VWHPLV $QHOHFWURPHFKDQLFDOIO\ZKHHOHQHUJ\VWRUDJHV\VWHP
GHVFULEHG RQ DVVXPSWLRQ RI VLQJOH YHKLFOH SDVVLQJ E\ RYHU D LV XVHG WR HQKDQFH WKH HOHFWULILFDWLRQ ZKHUH WKH YDULRXV
WLPH LQWHUYDO RI KHQFH SURGXFLQJ D SRZHU RXWSXW DV WKH PDFKLQH WRSRORJLHV KDYH EHHQ XVHG WR GHVLJQ IRU KLJK
YHKLFOH LV LQSXWWLQJ D FHUWDLQ DPRXQW RI HQHUJ\ LQ D JLYHQ VSHHG DSSOLFDWLRQ VXFK DV FRQYHQWLRQDO LQGXFWDQFH
WLPH LQWHUYDO 7KH DQDO\VLV RI WKH V\VWHP LV LQ WHUPV RI WKH PDFKLQHV V\QFKURQRXV UHOXFWDQFH PRWRU VZLWFKHG
UHODWHGHTXDWLRQV UHOXFWDQFHPDFKLQHVDUHGHVLJQHGDQGGHYHORSHGIRU)(6
V\VWHP EXW PRVW FRPPRQO\ SHUPDQHQW PDJQHWLF
Keywords—energy harvesting, battery charging, power, JHQHUDWRU 30* XVHGIRUKLJKVSHHGIO\ZKHHOV\VWHP>
speed hump @ QHHGHG IRU ORZ SRZHU UHTXLUHPHQW ORDGV 6XFK ORZ
SRZHU VRXUFHV DUH UHTXLUHG IRU LQIUDVWUXFWXUHWR
,,1752'8&7,21 LQIUDVWUXFWXUH ,,  RU LQ LQIUDVWUXFWXUHWRYHKLFOH
(QHUJ\ KDUYHVWLQJ LV UHODWHG WR GHYHORSLQJ D FRPPXQLFDWLRQV WKURXJK LQWHOOLJHQW QHWZRUNV ZKHUH WKH
PHFKDQLVP IRU GHULYLQJ HQHUJ\ IURP VRXUFHV VXFK VRODU ZLUHOHVVQRGHVDUHHPEHGGHGXQGHUURDGVXUIDFH>@
YLEUDWLRQVZLQGDQGWKHUPDOJUDGLHQWDQGNLQHWLFHQHUJ\ ,W KDV WKXV EHFRPH PDQGDWRU\ WR H[SORLW DOWHUQDWLYH
JUDGLHQW $OUHDG\ LQ WKH PDUNHW DPRQJ VXFK KDUYHVWLQJ HQHUJ\ VRXUFHV HLWKHU DYDLODEOH IURP HQYLURQPHQW RU FDQ
WHFKQLTXHV VRODU PHDQV LV RQH ILQGLQJ XWLOLW\ LQ PRVW RI EH PDGH DYDLODEOH IURP RWKHU VLPLODU DOWHUQDWLYH PHDQV
WKH DSSOLFDWLRQV 6RODU LV EHLQJXVHG LQSRZHULQJSDVVLYH 7KLVSDSHULVDERXWGHYHORSLQJVXFKDPHFKDQLFDOHQHUJ\
5),'GHYLFHVRUHOHFWURQLFGHYLFHVEXULHGLQVWUXFWXUHIRU KDUYHVWHU E\ SUHVHQWLQJ LWV DQDO\VLV ,W LV GRQH WKURXJK
PRQLWRULQJ SXUSRVH 2WKHU DSSOLFDWLRQV RI VXFK HQHUJ\ JHWWLQJ RXWSXW YROWDJH DV UHVXOWV ZKHQ WKH IURQW ZKHHOV
KDUYHVWLQJLQFOXGHGWKRVHXVHGIRUWUDFNLQJRIDQLPDOVRU PRYHRYHUWKHVSHHGKXPSE\HPSOR\LQJD86KDSHUDFN
ZHDWKHU VWDWLRQV GHSOR\HG LQ LQDFFHVVLEOH ORFDWLRQV VXFK WKDWLVPRYLQJXSDQGGRZQE\WKHDSSOLFDWLRQRIIRUFHE\
DVGHVHUWVRUPRWRUZD\VIRUXVHGLQSRZHULQJEDWWHU\IRU WKH SDVVLQJ YHKLFOH DSSOLHG WR PHFKDQLVP 7KH
VHUYLFH DOUHDG\ DYDLODEOH LQ WKH PDUNHW 7KH RSHUDWLRQ RI LQWHUFRQQHFWHG PHFKDQLVP GULYHV D VSHFLDOO\ GHYHORSHG
WUDQVSRUW VXFK DV UDLOZD\ LV GHSHQGHQW RQ VLJQDOLQJ DQG IO\ZKHHO WKDW KDV LQHUWLD FDSDEOH RI VWRULQJ D VLJQLILFDQW
VHQVRUV QRGHV IRU PRQLWRULQJ SXUSRVHV 6XEVWDWLRQV VXFK DPRXQW RI NLQHWLF HQHUJ\ ZKLFK LQ WXUQ GHULYHV DQ
WKRVHRIUDLOZD\DQGWKRVHRIJDVDUHIUHTXHQWO\YLVLWHGE\ HOHFWURPDJQHWLF JHQHUDWRU WR UHDFK LWV UHTXLUHG USP 7KH
OLJKW DQG KHDY\ YHKLFOHV DQG WKHUH LV D QRUPDO SUDFWLFH VSHHGKXPSLVGHVLJQHGVXFKWKDWLWUHVXOWVLQDQHIILFLHQW
WKDWVXFKYHKLFXODUWUDIILFLVIDFHGZLWKVRPHVRUWRIVSHHG FRQYHUVLRQRINLQHWLFHQHUJ\WRHOHFWULFLW\7KLVGHVLJQLV
VORZLQJPHFKDQLVPLQLWVDSSURDFKWRWKHVWDWLRQ SULPDULO\ LQWHQGHG WR GHPRQVWUDWH WKH DELOLW\ WR SURGXFH
7KH VDPH FRQFHSW LV XQGHU VHULRXV UHVHDUFK IRU HOHFWULFLW\IURPSDVVLQJYHKLFOHVSDVVLQJZLWKORZVSHHG
GHULYLQJ HQHUJ\ WR DFW OLNH EDWWHULHV IRU VHQVRU QHWZRUNV RXWSXWWLQJEHWZHHQILYHKXQGUHGDQGHLJKWKXQGUHG:DWWV
HPSOR\HG IRU PRQLWRULQJ RI ORQJ UDLOZD\ WUDFNV RU DGHTXDWHIRUSRZHULQJOLJKWORDGVRIURDGVLJQOLJKWVDQG
VWUXFWXUHV RI KLJKULVH EXLOGLQJV ZRXOG EH FRVWLQJ SRZHUQHHGHGIRUFDUSDUNGLVSOD\V7KHHQWLUHKDUYHVWLQJ
UHYHQXHV RI PDLQWHQDQFH DQG RSHUDWLRQDO FRVW LI GRQH PHFKDQLVP LV KHUPHWLFDOO\ VHDOHG LW FRQVXPHV QR
WKURXJKPDQXDOSURFHGXUHV DGGLWLRQDOILHOGSURGXFHVQRHPLVVLRQDVHQYLURQPHQWDOO\
)O\ZKHHOHQHUJ\VWRUDJHV\VWHP )(6 LVJHWWLQJPRUH IULHQGO\ 7KH DQDO\WLFDO UHVXOWV DUH VKRZLQJ RXWSXW LQ
DQGPRUHDWWHQWLRQGXULQJWKHODVWIHZGHFDGHV&RPSDUHG WHUPV RI SDUDPHWHUV RI WKH PHFKDQLFDO HQHUJ\ KDUYHVWLQJ
WHFKQLTXHSUHVHQWHGLQWKLVZRUN

978-1-4799-7635-5/14 $31.00 © 2014 IEEE 24


 10.1109/ICCCE.2014.20
DOI

,, 0(&+$1,&$/+$59(67,1* ZD\MRXUQH\RIWKHUDFNSURGXFHVWZRFRPSOHWHURWDWLRQV
$5&+,7(&785( RIWKHJHDUDVVHPEO\PDUNHGLQ)LJ7KHFOXWFKDQGWKH
 JHDU DVVHPEO\ LV HQJDJHG LQ VXFK D ZD\ WKDW WKH XS DQG
)LJ  H[SODLQV WKH FRQFHSW RI WKH SURSRVHG VSHHG GRZQ PRWLRQV RI WKH UDFN SURGXFHV HLJKW URWDWLRQ RI WKH
KXPSHQHUJ\KDUYHVWLQJV\VWHPWKDWLVXVHGLQWKLVZRUN IO\ZKHHODQGKHQFHWKDWRIWKHG\QDPR
7KHVXJJHVWHGGHVLJQLVPDLQO\FRPSRVHGRIDPHFKDQLVP 
IRU FRQYHUWLQJ PRWLRQ LQWR XOWLPDWHO\ PRYLQJ D IO\ZKHHO ,9 $1$/<7,&$/'(5,9$7,216$1'3/276
XVLQJDJHDUHGDQGFOXWFKHGVHWXSHQJDJLQJWKHIO\ZKHHO 
 )LJLOOXVWUDWHVDYHKLFOHRIDOHQJWK/DQGPDVVP
DSSURDFKLQJ D UDPS RI FP LQ OHQJWK ZLWK D NQRZQ
VSHHGY7KHUDPSLVPDUNHGIURPSRLQWV$WR'ZKHUH
$LVWKHSRLQWZKHQWKHIURQWZKHHOVMXVWDUULYHGZLWKWKH
FDU ERG\ KDYLQJ ]HUR DQJOH ZLWK WKH KRUL]RQWDO VXUIDFH
7KHDQJOHVWDUWVLQFUHDVLQJSRVLWLYHO\DVVRRQDVWKHIURQW
ZKHHOV PRYH EH\RQG $ XQWLO WKH\ UHDFK SRLQW %  $IWHU
FURVVLQJ WKLV SRLQW WKH FDU¶V ERG\ DJDLQ EHFRPHV
KRUL]RQWDO SURFHVVLQJ ]HUR DQJOH ZLWK WKH UDPS 'XULQJ
WKLV WKH UDFN LV EHLQJ SUHVVHG E\ WKH YHKLFOH ZHLJKW
EHWZHHQ SRLQW % DQG & )URP KHUH RQZDUG WKH FDU ERG\
DQJOH UHPDLQV WKH VDPH EXW WKH KXPS VWDUW FRPLQJ EDFN
WRLWVQRUPDOSRVLWLRQZKHQWKHIURQWZKHHOVUHDFK'



)LJ&RQFHSWXDODUFKLWHFWXUHYLHZRIWKHSURSRVHGVSHHG
KXPSPHFKDQLFDOHQHUJ\KDUYHVWHU

7KHIO\ZKHHOLVPDGHRINJFDVWLURQPDWHULDOZLWKD
GLDPHWHU RI FP  HQDEOLQJ WKH IO\ZKHHO WR FRQWLQXH
URWDWLQJ EHFDXVH RI LWV LQHUWLDO VSHHGIRU DSHULRGRI WLPH
ORQJ HQRXJK DIWHU WKH YHKLFOH KDV SDVVHG 7KH
ELGLUHFWLRQDO UDFN XS DQG GRZQ  WR XQLGLUHFWLRQDO
WUDQVPLVVLRQ LQFOXGHV WKUHH VKDIWV WZR VSXU JHDUV D SDLU
RI UDFN DQG SLQLRQ DQG WZR UROOLQJ FOXWFKHV 7KH 8
VKDSHGUDFNPRYHVWRJHWKHULQDQXSDQGGRZQGLUHFWLRQV

7KHUROOHUFOXWFKHVLQVWDOOHGDWWKHWZRLQSXWVKDIWVFRQWURO )LJ&DUSDVVLQJRYHUWKHHQHUJ\KDUYHVWLQJVSHHG
WUDQVPLVVLRQRIPRWLRQWRWKHWZRODUJHJHDUVDUHODEHOHG KXPS
*HDUDQG*HDU%RWKJHDUVDUHHQJDJHGWRWKHV\VWHP

VXFK WKDW WKH DQWLFORFNZLVH URWDWLRQV DUH UHVXOWHG IURP
7KLVLVWKHWLPHZKHQWKHUHDUZKHHOVVWDUWWKHMRXUQH\
ERWKXSDQGGRZQPRYHPHQWRIWKHUDFNPDNLQJWKHPDLQ
WKDW KDV EHHQ MXVW FRPSOHWHG E\ WKH IURQW ZKHHOV $
VKDIWWRDOZD\VURWDWHLQDFORFNZLVHGLUHFWLRQ7KHPDLQ
YHKLFOH PRYLQJ DW NPK  FPV  QHHGV DQ
VKDIW HQJDJHV WKH IO\ZKHHO DQG XOWLPDWHO\ PDNLQJ WKH
DSSUR[LPDWHO\ WZR VHFRQGV  IRU LWV IURQW ZKHHOV WR PRYH
G\QDPRWRURWDWHDQGJHQHUDWHDYROWDJHDOPRVWDERXWWKH
RYHU WKH UDPS RI FP LQ OHQJWK GXULQJ ZKLFK WKH
*DXVVLDQQDWXUH
IO\ZKHHO PDNHV HLJKW FORFNZLVH URWDWLRQV IRU RQH
 FRPSOHWHUHWXUQMRXUQH\DQGFRYHUVDOHQJWKRIFP
,,, $1$/<7,&$/'(5,9$7,216 IURPWKHPRYLQJXSDQGGRZQPRWLRQVRIWKHUDFN
7KHKDUYHVWLQJ V\VWHP IXQFWLRQVVXFK WKDWZLWK HYHU\ 
LQFRPLQJ YHKLFOH DQ LQYHUWHG 8 VKDSH UDFN LV SXVKHG 9 7+(25(7,&$/$1$/<6,6
GRZQMXVWWREHEURXJKWXSE\WKHVSULQJPHFKDQLVPILWWHG 
WR LWV ERWWRP 7KH JHDU RQ WKH FHQWUDO VKDIW LV GHVLJQ WR 7KHH[SODQDWLRQJLYHQDERYHVKRZVWKDWHYHU\SDVVLQJ
KDYHWHHWKWKXVPDNLQJLWSRVVLEOHIRUWKHIO\ZKHHOWR YHKLFOH H[HUWV VRPH IRUFH )  RQ WKH VSHHG KXPS DQG
FRPSOHWH IRXU URWDWLRQV IRU HYHU\ VLQJOH URWDWLRQ RI WKH KHQFHRQWKHLQYHUWHG8VKDSHGZKLFKLVHQJDJHGZLWKWKH
RULJLQDO JHDU GXULQJ WKH SXVK RSHUDWLRQ RI WKH 8VKDSHG JHDU PHFKDQLVP PDNLQJ WKH IO\ZKHHO WR URWDWH 7KH
UDFN7KH8VKDSHGUDFNLVKDYLQJDWLWVERWWRPHQGDSDLU URWDWLRQ RI IO\ZKHHO LV JHQHUDWLQJ DQ HQHUJ\ WKURXJK WKH
RIWZRVSULQJVIXQFWLRQLQJWREULQJLQJWKHXVKDSHGUDFN SXOOH\ FRQQHFWHG LQ WKH V\VWHP DQG ILQDOO\ PRYLQJ WKH
EDFNWRLWVRULJLQDOSODFHDIWHUWKHYHKLFOHLVPRYHGRYHU G\QDPR IRU JHQHUDWLQJ DQ RXWSXW YROWDJH 7KLV HQHUJ\ LV
7KH UHWXUQ MRXUQH\ RI WKH UDFN LV PDNLQJ D IO\ZKHHO WR JHQHUDWHG LQ DW FHUWDLQ LQWHUYDO RI WLPH WKH YHU\ PXFK
URWDWH DFFRUGLQJO\ IRU D ORQJHU SHULRG RI WLPH 7KH WZR QDWXUH RI D YHKLFOH SDVVLQJ RYHU WKH UDPS LQGLFDWHV D
SRZHURXWSXWRIDOPRVW*DXVVLDQVKDSH

25



)LJ2XWSXWYROWDJHYVGLIIHUHQWYHKLFOHVSHHG
 
)LJ%ORFNGLDJUDPRIWKHSURSRVHGV\VWHP

Output Power Calculation



/HWXVDVVXPHWKHIROORZLQJ
0DVVRIDYHKLFOHPRYLQJRYHUWKHVSHHGEUHDNHU .J
$SSUR[LPDWHO\ 
+HLJKWRIVSHHGEUHDNHU FP
:RUNGRQH  )RUFH[GLVWDQFH

+HUH)RUFH) ZHLJKWRIWKHERG\ [ 
1 
'LVWDQFH WUDYHOHG E\ WKH ERG\  +HLJKW RI WKH VSHHG )LJ%DUFKDUWEHWZHHQRXWSXWYROWDJHGLIIHUHQW9HKLFOH
EUHDNHU 6SHHG

 FP )LJDQG)LJVKRZWKDWVDPHYHKLFOHKDYLQJRQH
2XWSXWSRZHU  :RUNGRQH6HF WRQ ZHLJKW DSSO\LQJ ORDG RQ WKH VSHHG EUHDNHU
DSSUR[LPDWHO\ .J ZLWK FURVVLQJ IURP VSHHG EUHDNHU
 [
ZLWKGLIIHUHQWVSHHGZKLFKLQWHUQVUHGXFHVWKHJHQHUDWHG
 :DWWV IURPRQHFDU  RXWSXWYROWDJHRIWKHV\VWHP,WLVFOHDUWKDWWKHKDUYHVWHU
 LV GHVLJQ LQ VXFK D ZD\ WKDW ZKHUH VSHHG RI WKH YHKLFOH
7KHJHQHUDWHGSRZHUIURPRQHYHKLFOHLVZDWWV VKRXOGEHORZ
,W LV FOHDU DW WKLV SRLQW WKDW LI WKH ZHLJKW RI WKH FDU
LQFUHDVHVDQGVRGRHVWKHRXWSXWSRZHU
)RUDQRQHKRXU ZDWWV
   .:
/HW XV DVVXPH D IRXU ZRUNLQJ KRXUV LQ WKH PRUQLQJ
WLPHDQGLQWKHHYHQLQJWLPHRQKRZPXFKSRZHUZLOOEH
DWZDVWHLIZHGRQRWH[WUDFWIURPWKHHQHUJ\KDUYHVWHU

)RUDQHLJKWKRXUV  [ [ ZDWWV
  .:



)LJ2XWSXW3RZHUZLWKGLIIHUHQW9HKLFOH/RDG .J 
DSSOLHG

26
ZLQGRZ LQWR RSHQLQJ GRRUV LQWR WKH FRQFHSWV RI Smart
City OD\RXWV

5()(5(1&(6

>@ 4LDQ :DQJ &KHQJMXQ /LX -LELQ =RX 6HQLRU 0HPEHU ,(((
;LQJKH )X DQG -XDQ =KDQJ´1XPHULFDO $QDO\VLV DQG 'HVLJQ
2SWLPL]DWLRQRID+RPRSRODU,QGXFWRU0DFKLQH8VHGIRU)O\ZKHHO
(QHUJ\ 6WRUDJH´ ,((( 75$16$&7,216 21 3/$60$
6&,(1&(‹
>@ /LX .DL =RX -LELQ 6HQLRU 0HPEHU ,((( )X ;LQJKH -LDQJ
;LQWRQJ ;X )HL 'HSDUWPHQW RI (OHFWULFDO (QJLQHHULQJ +DUELQ
,QVWLWXWHRI7HFKQRORJ\´$1HZ)O\ZKHHO(QHUJ\6WRUDJH6\VWHP
)(66  8VLQJ =6RXUFH ,QYHUWHU´ 
‹,(((
>@ 5 2NRX * 0ZDED 0$ .KDQ 3 %DUHQGVH 3 3LOOD\´ +LJK
6SHHG(OHFWURPHFKDQLFDO)O\ZKHHO'HVLJQIRU5XUDO(OHFWULILFDWLRQ
 LQ 6XE 6DKDUDQ $IULFD´ 'HSDUWPHQW RI (OHFWULFDO DQG &RPSXWHU
(QJLQHHULQJ &RQFRUGLD 8QLYHUVLW\ 0RQWUHDO 4XHEHF &DQDGD
)LJ%DU&KDUWRIWKH2XWSXW3RZHUZLWK'LIIHUHQW/RDG +*0‹,(((
7KH DERYH JUDSK VKRZV WKDW ZKHQ WKH PDVV RI WKH >@ ' : 6ZHWW DQG - * %ODQFKH ,9 0HPEHU ,(((´ )O\ZKHHO
YHKLFOH LQFUHDVHV LW JLYHV PRUH RXWSXW SRZHU HDFK WLPH &KDUJLQJ 0RGXOH IRU (QHUJ\ 6WRUDJH 8VHG LQ (OHFWURPDJQHWLF
$LUFUDIW /DXQFK 6\VWHP´ ,((( 75$16$&7,216 21
ZKHQ WKH VSHHG EUHDNHU LV SUHVVHG  $ VLQJOH SDVVLQJ FDU 0$*1(7,&6 92/  12  -$18$5<  
ZLOOSUHVVHGWKHVSHHGEUHDNHUWZRWLPHVLQDVKRUWSHULRG ‹,(((
7KLV ZLOO NHHS WKH IO\ZKHHO WR URWDWH XQWLO WKH QH[W FDU >@ $VKRN .XPDU 6KDUPD 2PNDU 7ULYHGL 8PHVK $PEHUL\D
FRPHVZLWKLQDSHULRGRIIRXUWRILYHVHFRQGVJDSEHWZHHQ 9LNDV 6KDUPD  ³'HYHORSPHQW RI VSHHG EUHDNHU GHYLFH IRU
WZRFDUVWKXVZKHQWKHIO\ZKHHOLQFRQWLQXRXVPRWLRQWKH JHQHUDWLRQ RI FRPSUHVVHG DLU RQ KLJKZD\V LQ UHPRWH DUHDV´
UXQQLQJWRUTXHDOVRUHGXFHVZKLFKWKHUHE\LQFUHDVLQJWKH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO -RXUQDO RI 5HFHQW 5HVHDUFK DQG 5HYLHZ 9RO ,
0DUFK,661
SRZHURXWSXWIURPWKHJHQHUDWRU'\QDPR
>@ 1JX\HQ 7' %HUGHU 2 6HQWLH\V 2 (QHUJ\(IILFLHQW
 &RRSHUDWLYH 7HFKQLTXHV IRU ,QIUDVWUXFWXUH WR9HKLFOH
9, ',6&866,21$1'-867,),&$7,21 &RPPXQLFDWLRQV ,((( 7UDQV ,QWHOO 7UDQVSRUW 6\VW  
 ±
$ V\VWHPDWLF YLHZ RI FRQYHUWLQJ SHGDO SRZHU LQWR DQ
HOHFWULFDORXWSXWKDVEHHQSUHVHQWHG$QLQFRPLQJYHKLFOH 
RI PDVV µP¶ PDNHV D KXPS WRS PRYH GRZQ E\ D NQRZQ
GLVWDQFH UHVXOWLQJ LQWR URWDWLRQ RI D SDLU RI UDFN DQG
SLQLRQ HQJDJHG WRJHWKHU 2EYLRXVO\ WKH LQSXW LV
PHFKDQLFDO SRZHU ZKLFK LV WUDQVODWHG LQWR URWDWLQJ D
JHQHUDWRUSURGXFLQJDQHOHFWULFDORXWSXW7KHPHFKDQLFDO
SRZHULVDVDUHVXOWRIMRXOHVRIZRUNGRQHZKHQDFDURI
NJ PDVV FRPHV LQ DQG WKDW OHDGV LQWR JHQHUDWLRQ RI
 ZDWWV RXWSXW SRZHU 7KH DVVXPSWLRQV PDGH KHUH
WKDW JHDU DQG SLQLRQ V\VWHP FRQVXPHV QR HQHUJ\ DQG
DVVXPLQJWKDWQRKHDWLVSURGXFHGDVDUHVXOW

9,, &21&/86,21

$FRQFHSWXDOVNHWFKRIDV\VWHPIRUSURGXFLQJSRZHU
RXWSXW IURP YHKLFXODU WUDIILF LV JLYHQ 7KH V\VWHP LV
GHVFULEHG LQ WHUPV RI WKH GLPHQVLRQV RI WKH UDFN DQG
SLQLRQ7KHSXOOH\VWUXFWXUHLVJHDUHGVXFKLWXOWLPDWHO\LV
PDNLQJ D JHQHUDWRU WR URWDWH IRU SURGXFLQJ DQ RXWSXW
YROWDJH 7KH RXWSXW YROWDJH LV RI YHU\ PXFK YDULDEOH
QDWXUHIRUDVLQJOHYHKLFOHDQGZKLFKPD\EHFRPHFORVHU
WR FRQVWDQW OHYHO ZKHQ WKH WUDIILF IORZ LQFUHDVHV 7KH
V\VWHP LV GHVFULEHG RQ DVVXPSWLRQ RI VLQJOH YHKLFOH
SDVVLQJ E\ RYHU D WLPH LQWHUYDO RI KHQFH SURGXFLQJ D
SRZHURXWSXWDVWKHYHKLFOHLVLQSXWWLQJDFHUWDLQDPRXQW
RI HQHUJ\ LQ D JLYHQ WLPH LQWHUYDO 7KH DQDO\VLV RI WKH
V\VWHPLVLQWHUPVRIWKHUHODWHGHTXDWLRQV7KHSURSRVHG
ZRUN PD\ SURYH D SURPLVLQJ SODWIRUP IRU HQHUJ\
KDUYHVWLQJZLWKHQYLURQPHQWDOVXVWDLQDELOLW\LQWKHIXWXUH
VLQFH LW UHFRYHUV GHULYHV IURP YHKLFXODU WUDIILF RQ WKH
KLJKZD\ WROOV ORJLVWLFV FHQWHUV VFKRRO SHGHVWULDQ
FURVVLQJV DQG URXQGDERXWV IRU EHFRPLQJ DQ RSHQLQJ

27

You might also like