Project Documentation

Computer Science

Program ADP CS Semester III

Session B Date 15 April 2021

Group Members Roll # Names

1. AS20FSA0302 M. ALIYAN SOHAIB

2. AS20FSA0322 M. HAMID ZAHID

3. AS20FSA0358 M. AWAIS MAHAR

Project
Title:
Graphical password authentication system

Most of the existing authentication system has certain drawbacks for

Importance that reason graphical passwords are most preferable authentication
of project
system where users click on images to authenticate themselves.
Access to computer Systems is most often based on the use of
alphanumeric passwords. However, users have difficulty
remembering a Password that is long and random-appearing. Instead,
they create short, simple, and insecure passwords. Graphical
Passwords have been designed to try to make passwords more
memorable and easier for people to use and, therefore, More secure.
Using a graphical password, users click on images rather than type
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 alphanumeric characters. We have Designed a new and more secure
graphical password system, called sign. An important usability goal of
an Authentication system is to support users for selecting the better
password. User creates memorable password which is Easy to guess
by an attacker and strong system assigned passwords are difficult to
memorize. So researchers of modern Days have gone through
different alternative methods and concluded that graphical
passwords are most preferable Authentication system. The proposed
system combines the existing cued click point technique with the
persuasive Feature to influence user choice along with image
steganography techniques, encouraging user to select more random
Click point which is difficult to guess. Image steganography, the art of
hiding data within an image is used to improve The security of the
authentication system. Textual passwords are stored within the
images using the steganography Techniques.

Computer systems and the information they store and process are
Background valuable resources which need to be protected. Computer security
systems must also consider the human factors such as ease of a use.
Current secure systems suffer because they mostly ignore the
importance of human factors in security (Rachna Dhamija and Adrian
Perrig., 2000). A key area in security research is authentication, the
determination of whether a user should be allowed access to a given
system or resource. Traditionally, alphanumeric passwords are used
for authentication but they are known to have usability and security
problems. A password authentication system should encourage
strong and less predictable passwords while maintaining
memorability and security. A password is a secret that is shared by
the verifier and the user, they are simply secrets that are provided by
the user upon request by a recipient and are often stored on a server
in an encrypted form so that a penetration of the file system does not
reveal password lists.

Graphical passwords (GP) use pictures (Parkinson, 2005) instead of

texts and are partially motivated by the fact that humans can
remember pictures more easily than a string of characters. The idea
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 of graphical passwords was originally described by Greg Blonder in
1996 and since then several researchers have proposed different
graphical password authentication schemes, in Blonder’s description
of the concept an image would appear on the screen, and the user
would click on a few chosen regions of it. If the correct regions were
clicked in, the user would be authenticated. An important advantage
of GP is that they are easier to remember than textual passwords.
Human beings have the ability to remember faces of people, places
they visit and things they have seen for a longer duration. An
important advantage of Graphical Passwords is that they are easier to
remember compared to textual passwords. Thus, graphical
passwords provide a means for making more user-friendly passwords
while increasing the level of security.

Need of
project In graphical password authentication system , Graphical passwords
schemes provide a way of making more human friendly passwords.
Here the security of the system is very high. Dictionary attacks and
brute force search are infeasible. In this project, we will use HTML,
PHP, jQuery, JavaScript , MySQL.

Statement Security practitioners and researchers have made studies in

of the protecting systems, individual users and digital assets. The password
problem problem arises largely from limitations of human’s long-term memory
(LTM). Once a password has been chosen and learned the user must
be able to recall it to log in. But, people regularly forget their
passwords. Graphical passwords introduce us to a whole
new form of authentication. The most common form of
authentication used today is the used of alphanumeric texts and this
form of authentication has been proven to be prone to several forms
of attacks. Since it is easier to remember pictures than text, graphical
passwords tend to enhance security and at the same time make it
easier for the user to use and access data.

Objectives One of the major issues in this modern day is security. The process of
authentication tries to enhance security but the common means of
authentication (use of alphanumeric passwords) today are known to have
significant disadvantages. Attackers now have different means of accessing
a particular system or account and because of this, other means of
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 authentication are now becoming rampant. Biometric-based authentication
is regarded to be the most secure means of authentication but unlike the
text-based forms of authentication which are relatively inexpensive,
biometric-based are very expensive to use. This is where the concept of
graphical password authentication comes in, they are cheap, easy to use,
offer more security (than text-based passwords) and also take into
consideration, the user factor. The aim of this report is to create awareness
that there is an alternative to using text-based passwords and this
alternative is secure, cheap and relatively easy to use.

Document The past decade has shown a growing interest in using graphical passwords
overview as an alternative to the traditional text based passwords. In this paper, we
have conducted a comprehensive survey of existing graphical password
techniques. Although the main use for graphical passwords is that people
are better at memorizing graphical passwords than text-based passwords,
the existing user studies are very limited and there is not yet convincing
evidence to support this argument. Our preliminary analysis suggests that it
is more difficult to break graphical passwords using the traditional attack
methods such as brute force search, dictionary attack, or spyware. Overall,
the current graphical password techniques are still immature. Much more
research and user studies are needed for graphical password techniques to
achieve higher levels of maturity and usefulness.

[1] Diffie, W., and Hellman, M.E., New Directions in Cryptography, IEEE
References Transactions on Information Theory, vol. 22, no. 6, November 1976, pp.
[2] Garret, Paul. Making, Breaking Codes: An Introduction to Cryptology.
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2001
[3] Hoffstein, Jeffery, Pipher, Jill and Silverman, Joseph H. NTRU: A
Public Key Crypto
http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1363/lattPK/submissions.html#NTRU1.
[4] Priti Jadhao and Lalit Dole, “Survey on Authentication Password
Techniques”, International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering
(IJSCE) ISSN: 2231-2307, Volume-3, Issue-2, May 2013
[5] L.Sobrado and J.C. Birget, “Graphical Passwords”, The Rutgers Schloar,
An Electronic Bulletin for Undergraduate Research, vol 4, 2002.
[6] G. E. Blonder. Graphical passwords. United States Patent5559961, 1996.

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