#PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS

#data

eu=read.csv("https://www.isichennai.res.in/~sampangi/datasets/europe.csv")

head(eu)

k=var(eu[,2:10])

#columns are not independent, apply principal component analysis

l=eigen(k)

l$values

l$vectors

a1=eu[1:30,2:10]

a1=as.matrix(a1)

is.matrix(a1)

b1=a1%*%l$vectors

#b1 has transformed columns

var(b1)

cor(b1)

d1=rep(0,9)

for(i in 1:9) {

d1[i]=var(b1[,i]) }

d1

#check sum(d1) and sum(l$values)

sum(d1)

sum(l$values)

p1=d1*100/sum(d1)

round(p1,5)
plot(b1[,1],b1[,2])