Mathematics

Quarter 3 – Module 6:
Understanding Simple Equation
Mathematics – Grade 5
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 6: Understanding Simple Equation (M5AL-IIIf-6, M5AL-IIIf-14)
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

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Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer : John Cel P. Faustino
Editors : Teresa R. Manlapaz PhD/ Edna C. Diaz PhD
: Lilibeth F. Cortes
Reviewers : Reynaldo B. Pacleta
: Melissa M. Santiago
Illustrator : John Cel P. Faustino
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Rhodora T. Razon EdD, CESO V
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Librada M. Rubio PhD
Ma. Editha R. Caparas EdD
Nestor P. Nuesca EdD
Fatima M. Punongbayan
Arnelia R. Trajano PhD
Salvador B. Lozano

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 5

Mathematics
Quarter 3 – Module 6:
Understanding Simple Equation
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as
you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-test are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This
will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask
your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson.
At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your
learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will
be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided
to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best
help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this
SLM. Use separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the
instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks
in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you

1
 What I Need to Know

The life cycle of a butterfly is genuinely astounding. Butterflies have

four life stages, the egg, the larva/hatchling (caterpillar), the pupa (chrysalis),
and the grown-up butterfly or the adult. Every one of the four phases are
interesting to singular types of butterflies which is essential for what makes
watching and raising butterflies so much fun. The stages or pattern of
butterfly follow a specific example that steady all through various ages.

Patterns are all over the place. It isn't just seen in the existence pattern
of a butterflies. It can likewise be found in the existence phases of human. We
likewise notice comparative example in our regular daily existence.

This module is designed for you to learn and understand the concepts
of patterns and sequence;

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1- formulate the rule in finding the next term in a sequence. (M5AL-IIIf-6)

2- use different strategies to solve for the unknown in simple equations

involving one operation on whole numbers and fractions. (M5AL-IIIf-14

2
 What I Know
A. Directions: Fill in the missing values and describe the number pattern.
Write your answers on a sheet of paper.

1. 0, 3, 6, 9, ____, ____, … What is the pattern? ________

2. 0, 5, 10, 15, ____, ____, … What is the pattern? ________
3. 0, 4, 8, 12, ____, ____, … What is the pattern? ________
4. 0, 2, 4, 6, ____, ____, … What is the pattern? ________
5. 0, 9, 18, 27, ____, ____, … What is the pattern? ________

B. Directions: Solve the following equations to find the value of x. Write

your answers on a sheet of paper..

1. x + 4 = 9
2. x + 7 = 20
3. x + 8 = 12
4. x + 9 = 9
5. x + 2 = 7

Lesson Formulate the Rule in

1 Finding the Next Term in a
Sequence
Patterns are at the heart of mathematics. Mathematics has sometimes
been called a science of patterns (Resnik, 1981). We think of mathematics as
having structure, and that structure enables us to solve problems. The
structure is built around looking for and manipulating patterns.

In this module, you will be provided with learning activities that will
help you to find different pattern in a series.

3
 What’s In

Directions: Identify the solid figure being described. Write your answers on
your answer sheet.
_________A. All its faces are squares.
_________B. It has one circular base and a vertex.
_________C. It consists of points in space that are of the same distance.
_________D. It has two congruent polygonal bases.
_________E. It has two circular bases.

What’s New

Directions: Look and study the pattern in a sequence.

A.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
The encircled numbers from the number sequence are:

1, 4, 8, 13, 19, 26, 34 and 49. A number sequence is a list of numbers in

which successive terms follow a rule or pattern. Each number in a sequence
is called a term.

Looking at the pattern of the encircled numbers, to find the 2 nd term

add 3, for the 3rd term add 4, for the 4th term add 5, for the 5th term add 6,
for the 6th term add 7, for the 7th term add 8, for the 9th term add 9. Therefore,
the rule in the sequence is (+3, +4,+5, +6, +7, +8, +9).

4
 By studying the sequence of a number, we can find the rule governing
the term. The rule can tell us what number will come next in the sequence.

B. Find the missing term in the following situations below:

3 2 9 4 45 16 315 96 _
_
_
Can you find the pattern or sequence used? _
The numbers inside the heart are multiplied by consecutive odd
numbers 3,5,7. Starting with 3 X 3 = 9, then 9 X 5 = 45, then 45 X 7 = 315,
so the missing number in the last heart is 2, 835, Because 315 X 9 = 2, 835.
The series of number inside the heart uses even numbers as factors.
So, the missing number inside the last circle is 768 (96 X 8 = 768).

What is It

Eighteen days before Sofia Amanda’s debut, her parents planned to give
her gifts. On the first day, they gave one gift, on the second day, three. On the
third day, five and on the fourth day, they gave seven gifts. How many gifts
did they parents give on the eighteenth day?

See the table below:

Day 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th

No. 1 3 5 7 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
of
gifts

Observing the number of gifts she received:

1, 3, 5, 7, ______, ______, ______, ______, ______, ______,

+2 +2 +2 +2

5
 As the sequence continues:
1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35,
She received nine gifts on the 5th day, eleven gifts on the 6th day, thirteen
gifts on the 7th day, fifteen gifts on the 8th day, seventeen gifts on the 9th day,
nineteen gifts on the 10th day, twenty-one gifts on the 11th day, twenty-three
gifts on the 12th day, twenty-five gifts on the 13th day, twenty-seven gifts on
the 14th day, twenty-nine gifts on the 15th day, thirty-one gifts on the 16th day,
thirty-three gifts on the 17th day and thirty-five gifts on the 18th day.
Based from this sample problem, we can say that there is a sequence
or number pattern.
What is a sequence?
-A sequence is a list of numbers or objects in a special order.
What is a pattern?

-A pattern is a repetitive sequence and can be found in nature, shapes,

events, sets of numbers and almost everywhere you care to look.

What’s More

A. Directions: Give the pattern rule of the following sequences. Write your
answers on a sheet of paper.

1. 1, 4, 7, 10, 13
Rule: ___________________________________________________
2. 2, 8, 32, 128, 512
Rule: ___________________________________________________
3. 23, 31, 39, 47, 55
Rule: ___________________________________________________
4. 2, 9, 44, 219, 1094
Rule: ___________________________________________________
5. 3, 8, 18, 38, 78
Rule: ___________________________________________________

6
B. Directions: Solve each problem. Write your answers on a sheet of paper.

1. Nicky is writing a poem. She writes 6 words on the first line, 12 words on
the second line, 24 words on the third line and 48 words on the fourth line.
If this pattern continues, how many words will Nicky write on the fifth line?

2. Alice is putting marbles into her flower pots. She puts 38 marbles in the
first flower pot, 43 marbles on the second flower pot, 48 marbles on third
flower pot and 53 marbles on the fourth flower pot. If she continues to put
marbles in that pattern, how many marbles will Alice put in the tenth
flower pot?

3. Sammuel saved 12 on Saturday, 15 on Sunday, 18 on Monday, 21

Tuesday and 24 on Wednesday. If he continues to save in the same
pattern, how much will Sammuel save by next Sunday?

4. An RTW saleslady is arranging dresses in a multilevel clothes rack. She

hangs 27 dresses on the topmost level, 36 on the second level, 45 on the
fourth level. If she continues arranging the dresses in this pattern, how
many dresses does she need to hang on the eighth level?

5. While observing the audio visual room, Patrick noticed that there were 2
chairs in the first table, 3 chairs in the second table, 6 chairs in the third
table, 11 chairs in the fourth table and 18 chairs in the fifth table. If this
pattern continues, how many chairs will there be in the seventh table?

What I Have Learned

Directions: Identify the following statements as sequence or pattern. Write

your answers on a sheet of paper.

1. A ___________ is a list of numbers or objects in a defined or logical order.

2. ____________ is a repetitive sequence and can be found in nature, shapes,
events, sets of numbers and almost everywhere.
3. A ___________ can highly be generalized as the sum of all the terms in a
sequence.
4. a1, a2, a3, a4, etc. denote the terms of a __________.
5. A ____________ in which every term is created by adding or subtracting a
definite number to the preceding number is an arithmetic sequence.

7
 What I Can Do

Directions: Find the next three terms of the sequence. Write your answers
on a sheet of paper.

1. 5, 15, 45, 135, ___, ____, _____

2. 1, 5, 25, 125, ___, ____, _____
3. 1, 10, 100, 1000, ___, ____, _____
4. 4, 12, 36, 108, ___, ____, _____
5. 3, 4, 6, 10, ___, ____, _____

Directions: Continue the patterns and answer the questions. Write your
answers on your answer sheet.

1. ______ ________
What will the 12th shape in this pattern be? ______________

2.

What will be the next 12th pattern? ___________, ___________

3.

________, _________

What will be the 14th shape in this pattern be? ________

8
 Additional Activities

Directions: Complete the numerical series. Write your answers on a sheet

of paper.
1. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 ___, ____, _____
2. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, ___, ____, _____
3. 24, 34, 44, 54, ___, ____, _____
4. 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, ___, ____, _____
5. 35, 40, 45, 50, ___, ____, _____
6. 11, 22, 33, 44, ___, ____, _____
7. 9, 19, 29, 39, ___, ____, _____
8. 4, 8, 10, 20, 22, 44, 46, ___, ____, _____
9. 4, 12, 16, 48, 52, 156, 160, ___, ____, _____
10. 9, 12, 7, 10, 5, 8, 3, ___, ____, _____

Use Different Strategies to

Lesson Solve for the Unknown in
2 Simple Equations Involving
One Operation on Whole
Numbers and Fractions
An equation is a sentence in Mathematics that contains an “=” sign. The
equal sign tells you that the expression on the left is equivalent to the
expressionon the right.

Let us consider the following:

X+y 4y – 6x a+2=9 2x + 3 = 10
5d – 8 = -3d y + 10 2x + 2 = 9 3x + 4
Can you identify which of the mathematical statements mentioned
above are equations?
How about the value of each variable in each equation? Can you solve
each one?
To answer the the first question above, we have:

9
 Equations Not Equations

a+2=9 X+y

2x + 3 = 10 4y – 6x

5d – 8 = -3d y + 10

2x + 2 = 9 3x + 4

What’s New

An equation is a numerical explanation that two articulations are

equivalent. An equation will consistently contain an equivalent sign with an
articulation on each side. Articulations are comprised of terms, and the
quantity of terms in every articulation in a condition may fluctuate.
Logarithmic conditions contain factors, images that represent an
obscure amount. Factors are frequently spoken to with letters, similar to x, y,
or z. At times a variable is duplicated by a number.
Property of Equality
1. Addition Property of Equality:
For all real numbers a, b, and c: If a = b, then a + c = b + c. If two
expressions are equal to each other, and you add the same value to
both sides of the equation, the equation will remain equal
Example:

Problem Solve x – 6 = 8
This equation means that if you begin with
some unknown number, x, and subtract 6,
x- 6 = 8 you will end up with 8. You are trying to figure
out the value of the variable x.

Using the Addition Property of Equality, add 6

𝑥−6= 8 to both sides of the equation to isolate the
6 variable. You choose to add 6, as 6 is being
subtracted from the variable.

X + 0 = 14
Answer x = 14

10
 Advanced Example
Problem Solve 12.5 + x = -7.5
12.5 + x = -7.5 Since 12.5 is being added to the variable,
subtract 12.5 to isolate the variable.

12. 5 + x = -7.5 To keep the equation balanced, subtract

12.5 12.5 12.5 from both sides of the equation.

0 + x = - 20

Answer x = -20

Example
Problem Solve x + 7 = 42
X + 7 = 42 Since 7 is being added to the variable, subtract 7 to
isolate the variable.

X + 7 = 42
-7 -7 To keep the equation balanced, subtract 7 from
both sides of the equation.

x + 0 = 35

Answer x = 35

2. Multiplication Property of Equality

For all real numbers a, b, and c: If a = b, then a • c = b • c (or ab =
ac).

If two expressions are equal to each other and you multiply both
sides by the same number, the resulting expressions will also be
equivalent.

Example
Problem Solve 𝒙 = 𝟖 𝟏 Check your solution
𝟐

1 𝟏
The coefficient of 𝟐 𝒙 is
1
. Since the
x=8 2
2 1
multiplicative inverse of is 2, you can
2
1 multiply both sides of the equation by 2 to get a
x = 2(8)
2 coefficient of 1 for the variable.

11
 2
𝑥 = 16
2
Multiply.
X= 16
Check 1 Check by substituting your solution into the
(16) = 8
2 original equation.

16
=8
2
The solution is correct!
8=8
Answer x = 16

Example
Problem Solve 3x = 24. Check your solution.
Divide both sides of the equation by 3 to isolate the
variable (have a coefficient of 1).

Dividing by 3 is the same as having multiplied by

Check Check by substituting your solution, 8, for the

variable in the original equation.

The solution is correct!

Answer

Example
Problem Solve (−𝟏/𝟒) 𝒙 = 𝟐 Check your solution

(−1/4) x = 2
The coefficient of the variable is . Multiply both
1
(−4) (− ) x = (−4)2 sides by the multiplicative inverse of , which is
4
−4. Multiply.
(1)x = -8
Any number multiplied by its multiplicative inverse
is equal to 1, so x = −8.
Check Check by substituting your solution into the original
equation.

The solution is correct

Answer x = −8

12
 What is It

Directions: Solve for the unknown. Write your answers on a sheet of paper.
1. j+6=8
2. 12 = o + 5
3. 3h= 27
4. 60 = 6n
5. 5c = 9
8

What’s More

Directions: Translate each problem into an equation. Then solve. Write your
answers on a sheet of paper.
1. The beach is x miles away from home. Josh drove to and from the beach
with a total distance of 36 miles. Find x.

2. Emily bought some ice cream cones for noche Buena which cost 24.
She paid m and got back 6 of change. Find m.

2
3. In the morning, there were t people at the beach. Later at noon, of the
7
people left the beach and there were 30 people left on the beach. Find t.

4. Joshua brought c beach toys to the beach. He shared them with 6 other
friends. Each of them got 4 beach toys. Find c.

5. Mariah promised her children they would play on the beach for 90
minutes. After they played for y minutes, she reminded the children that
they would be leaving in 15 minutes. Find y.

13
 What I Have Learned

Directions: Supply the missing terms by choosing the correct answer inside
the box. Write your answers on a sheet of paper.
* equation * addition *multiplication *same *sides *expressions

 An (1) is a numerical explanation that two articulation are

equivalent.
 (2) Property of Equality have two (3) are equal to
each other, and you add the same value to both sides of the equation, the
equation will remain equal.
 (4) Property of Equality have two expressions are equal to
each other and you multiply both (5) by the same number.

What I Can Do

Directions: Solve these equations. Write your answers on a sheet of paper.

A. 4x + 1 = 2x + 7
B. 3x + 5 = x +15
C. 6x + 7 = 5x +13
D. 10x – 6 = 7x + 9
E. 5x – 1 = 2x + 11
𝑧
F. 8=6
𝑥
G. 11 = 8
H. b – 11 = 11
I. 5z = 4
J. 5 = 9s

14
 Additional Activities

Directions: Translate each problem into an equations. Then solve. Write your
answers on a sheet of paper.
1. A firecracker incidents last New Year Celebration were decreased by 20
equals 46. Find the number.

2. Janine will use ribbons in a wrapping gifts for Christmas. How many
packages of ribbon she can buy with 40 if one package costs 8, find
the number.

3. Ten times a number of covid patients in San Lazaro hospital, increased by

8, is 58. What is the number?

4. After he lost 14 pounds last holidays, Rey weighed 190 pounds. Find Rey’s
original weight.

5. At a samgyupsal restaurant, Analiza and three friends decided to divide

the bill evenly. If each person paid 130 then what was the total bill?

Assessment

Directions: Answer the following. Write your answers on a sheet of paper.

1. Find the next three term of these sequence 1, 3, 5, ___, ____, ____
A. 7, 9,11
B. 9, 11, 15
C. 7, 13, 15
D. 13, 15, 21

2. What is the next three term of these sequence 5, 8, 11, ___, ____, ____?
A. 9, 12, 14
B. 14, 17, 20
C. 10, 12, 14
D. 17, 19, 21

3-5. On a number square like this one, shade all the multiples of 6. Then
answer the questions.

15
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
11
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
21
32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
31
42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
41
52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
51
62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
61
72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
71
82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
81
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

a. What is the 4th multiple of 6?

b. What is the 10th multiple of 6?
c. What is the 12th multiple of 6?
Solve for the unknown.
1
6. 8p = 2
16 1
A. p= 1 C. p=1
1 16
B. p=16 D. p=16

𝑏 2
7. =
5 5
A. b= 2 C. b= 4
B. b= 3 D. b= 5

20
8. =4
𝑗
A. j= 7 C. j= 9
B. j= 5 D. j= 12

𝑡
9. = 13
5
A. t= 45 C. t=65
B. t= 55 D. t= 75

4 1
10. k = +
5 5
1
A. k= 1 C. k=
2
1
B. k= 5 D. k= 5

16
 17
What’s More
Lesson 1
A
Additional Activities
1. Add 3
1. 11, 13, 15 2. Multiply by 4
2. 12, 14, 16 3. Add 8
3. 64, 74, 84 4. Multiply by 5 and
4. 18, 21, 24 subtract 1
5. 55, 60, 65 5. Multiply by 2 add 2
6. 55, 66, 77 B
7. 49, 59, 69
8. 92, 94, 188 1. 96
9. 480, 484, 1452 2. 83
10. 6, 1, 4 3. P36.00
4. 90
5. 38
Lesson 1 Lesson 1
What’s In What I Know
A
1. cube
2. cone 1. 12, 15 add 3
3. circle 2. 20, 25 add 5
4. square 3. 16, 20 add 4
4. 8, 10 add 2
5. cylinder 5. 36, 45 add 9
B
What I have Learned 1. 48
2. 128
1. sequence 3. 27
2. pattern 4. 49
3. pattern 5. 54
4. sequence
5. pattern
Answer Key
 18
Assessment What I have Learned
1. A 11. Equation
2. B 12. Addition
3. 24 13. Expression
4. 60 14. Multiplication
5. 12 15. Sides
6. B
7. A
8. B
9. C
10. C
L2 What is It What I can Do
1. j=2 A
2. o=7
3. h=9 1. 405, 1215, 3645
4. n=10 2. 625, 3125, 15625
5. c=14 2/5 3. 10 000, 100 000, 1
000 000
4. 324, 972, 2916
What’s More 5. 18, 34, 66
B
1. 2x=36
X=18
2. M-24=6 1.
m=30
3. 5t/7= 30
5t-210=42 2.
4. c/7=4
5. 15+y=90
Y=75
3.
 19
Additional Activities What I can Do
1. 66 1. X=3
2. 5 2. X=5
3. 5 3. X=6
4. 204 4. X=5
5. P520.00 5. X=4
6. Z=48
7. X=88
8. B=22
9. Z=4/5
10. S=5/9
References
Books:

Bernabe, A., Castro, G., Cruz, A., Salvador, MJ., Mactal, M., Learners
Material, Mathematics Grade 5 Quarter 3, Department of Education
Schools City Division Cabanatuan City

Coronel, C., Bamba, N., 2010 by SD Publication, Inc Mathematics for a

Better Life, Mathematics 5

Lumbre, A., Ursua, A., Placer, D., Burgos, J. and Sy, R.., 2016. 21St Century
Mathletes 6. 1st ed. Quezon City: Book Media Press, Inc., pp. 249-255

Websites:

“MELCs per SUBJECT (SY 2020-2021).” 2020. Deped Click. May 26, 2020.
https://www.deped-click.com/2020/05/melcs-persubject-sy-2020-
2021.html,Mathematics MELC, pp. 287-294

https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/sequences-series.html accessed
January 2-3, 2021

20
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