1. No.

Based on the law , a corporation has a personality distinct and separate from its individual
stockholders or members and that obligations incurred by the corporation, acting through its
directors, officers and employees, are its sole liabilities. In the case at bar, the personal liability
of Peter Jose, acting himself, is not sole responsibility of the corporation based on the doctrine
of separate personality.Thus, property belonging to a corporation cannot be attached to satisfy
the debt of a stockholder/officer and vice versa, the latter having only an indirect interest in the
assets and business of the former.
2. Yes. Under our law, for the juridical personality of a corporation to be pierced, the
wrongdoing(protect fraud or defend crime herein) must be clearly and convincingly established,
and cannot be presumed. In the case at bar, the Doctrine of Piercing the Veil applies, since it is
clearly and convincingly established that the transfer of the owner of the jeep to the corporation
is to escape liability from the conviction of the driver from the fact that the incorporators of the
corporation are the owner itself and his/her family.
3. A corporation sole is incorporated for the purpose of administering and managing, the affairs
and property of any religious denomination, sect or church and incorporated by one person;
while the one person corporations is a corporation with a single stockholder. Only a natural
person, trust, or an estate may form a One Person Corporation.
4. No. Based on our jurisprudence, Lyceum is a generic in character as the word “university”. Since
“Lyceum” denotes as a school, it is natural to use this word to designate an entity which is
organized and operating as an educational institution. Thus, by applying the decision of the
supreme court to the present case, Lyceum of the Philippines cannot appropriate the word
“Lyceum” to the exclusion of all others.
5. Yes. Based on the similar case decided by the Supreme Court, PNRC is a private corporation
since majority of the thousands of PNRC members are private individuals, including students.
Under their charter, those who contribute to the annual fund of the PNRC are entitled to
membership. Thus, PNRC is a privately owned and privately funded, charitable organization.
6. Stock corporations are corporations which have capital stock divided into shares and are
authorized to distribute to shares, dividends or surplus profits base on the shares owned and It
is organized for profit and the governing body of a stock corporation is usually the Board of
Directors while Non-stock corporations are corporations where the income is undistributable as
dividends to its members and/or trustees and it is not organized for profit and the governing
body of a stock corporation is usually the Board of Trustees.
7. No. Based on the Revised Corporation Code, by-laws may required by law for an orderly
governance and management of corporations but they are not essential to corporate birth. and
one of the purpose is to supplement the articles of incorporation. In the case at bar, failure to
file by laws within the prescribed period does not nullify all administrative actions since there is
no means to automatically dissolve the corporation. Thus, the franchise or charter is not
forfeited.
8. No. Based on our law, a corporation has a personality separate and distinct from that of its
stockholders and members and is not affected by the personal rights, obligations, and
transactions of the latter and the corporate property is owned by the corporation as a juridical
person, and the stockholders have no claim on corporate property as owners. In the case at bar,
the properties of the corporation is not the property of Stonehill, Brooks and Beck and If these
prpoerties were unlawfully seized and thereby the constitutional rights were invaded, they were
 the rights of the corporation and not the rights of Stonehill, Brooks and Beck. Thus, the latter
cannot question the lawfulness of a seizure in their individual capacity in relation to the items
which were taken from the corporations.
9. 1. No. Based on our jurisprudence, LMWD are not private corporation because they are not
created under the Corporation Code. LMWDs exist by virtue of special charter. Private
corporations with a special charter is to admit that their existence is constitutionally infirm.
Thus, in the case at bar, LMWD is a private corporation.
2.Yes. Based on our law, COA has the constitutional obligation to audit National Government
entities including GOCCs and its instrumentalities. Since, in the case at bar, LWD is a public
corporation with a special charter, it is within the auditing power of Commission on Audit.
10. Based on our law, the Grandfather Rule is a method of determining the nationality of a
corporation, which is owned in part by another corporation, by breaking down the equity
structure of the shareholder corporation. The Grandfather Rule applies only when the 60-40
Filipino foreign equity ownership is in doubt.