The covid-19 pandemic has caused a great deal of hamper in human life.

It’s hampering our

education too. As education is the backbone of a nation, it must be continued if we have scope to
carry it out. Education is a matter of practice. If we stay out of our study for a longer time, it will
greatly interrupt our study habit as study is one kind of art. So, the education must continue
through any medium possible around us. As we're facilitated with online courses in our country,
we should take this opportunity as a blessing. Moreover, nobody knows when this pandemic will
end. I have emphasized on the regularity of study during pandemic through online classes as to
keep the students in touch with study. That's why the importance of study through online classes
is focused in my research. As the universities of Bangladesh are providing online classes, the
students of tertiary level should carry out their study through online classes for the future
betterment.

1. Mulenga, E. M., & Marbán, J. M. (2020). Is COVID-19 the gateway for digital learning
in mathematics education? Contemporary Educational Technology, 12(2), 1-11.
https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/7949

In this article, the authors have mentioned about the virtual classes which have been offered to
the students of Zambia due to Coronavirus. The Corona virus spreads quickly by coming to the
contact of people. Institution is a place where people meet and interact with each other and
viruses may spread easily. As students are the future of the nation, the government of Zambia has
declared to close all the educational institutions to prevent the students and lecturers from this
deadly disease. Therefore, the government has advised all the educational institutions to start
online classes to carry on study so that social distance can be maintained.

I find this article useful for my research because due to Coronavirus, here in Bangladesh, all the
educational institutions have been closed. The Ministry of Education is in a dilemma as to what
to do with the education system. So, our government can offer the same gateway like the way the
Government of Zambia has offered virtual classes for the safety of students. As time waits for
none, all educational institutions should offer online classes for the better future of students in
Bangladesh.

2. Basilaia, G., & Kvavadze, D. (2020).Transition to online education in schools during a

SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in Georgia. Pedagogical Research,
5(4), 2-9. https://doi.org/10.29333/pr/7937

In this article, the authors have considered online classes as an alternative option to continue the
study. They also have shown another alternative for the rural people who are not getting proper
technological support. The Georgian Ministry of Education has launched a TV channel where
they broadcast the lessons of different subjects to spread the knowledge nationwide. As study is
a matter of practice, there should be no obstacle to continue it.

I find it useful for my article because Bangladesh is a developing country and most of the
students have left the city area and are living in rural areas in this pandemic. The students who
are temporarily living in rural areas and who live permanently in rural areas might not get
proper technological support. In this case, the Government of Bangladesh might broadcast the
lessons of every subject on a particular TV channel so that the rural people cannot be deprived
of attaining knowledge.

3. Bao, W. (2020). COVID ‐19 and online teaching in higher education: A case study of
Peking University. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(2), 113–115.
https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.191

In this article, the author has talked about one of the challenges that the students and teachers
may confront. As it is an online class, the students or teachers may find server problems because
of frequent up and down of the network system. In this case, the teacher can record a video on a
specific topic and give the recorded video to the students through a certain link later. If the
teacher faces network problems, he’ll let the students know about it. He can prepare an
alternative plan like recording video and upload it in the google classroom. In this way, the
student won’t miss any of the lectures during this tough time.
I find it useful for my research because the network system does not work properly in
Bangladesh. Both the students and teachers may face problems while attending a video class
over such a poor networking system. So the problem can be sorted out through uploading
recorded video of certain topics in a certain medium. If a student misses a class, he can let the
teacher know about it and the teacher can provide the recorded video of that class to the student.
Thus education can be brought to every hand in this pandemic.

4. Ayebi-Arthur, K.(2017). E-learning, resilience and change in higher education: Helping a

university cope after a natural disaster. E-learning and Digital Media,14(5), 259-
274.https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2042753017751712.

In this article, the author has talked about the importance of online classes in the time of any
natural disaster. He has mentioned one of the deadliest earthquakes which occurred in New
zealand back in 2011. It shook the whole country and the situation was devastating where
physical education became almost impossible. That is why the Government of New Zealand took
the step of E-learning.The country provided education through virtual media or online classes.
This step showed the whole world a strategy to carry on education even in a time of disaster.
According to the author, the natural disaster will come and go but technology will always help
us. This also showed that education must be carried on anytime via any possible medium.
I find this step useful for my research because not only in this Covid-19 situation but also in the
upcoming natural disastrous situations the people can use online classes as an effective medium
to carry out study.Borrowing the idea of New Zealand, Bangladesh should also arrange every
possible way for online classes. If this step is taken for the first time during this pandemic,
Bangladesh can apply the same process in any further disaster of the future day.

5. Dhawan, S.(2020). Online learning: A panacea in the time of COVID-19 crisis. Journal
of Educational Technology Systems, 49(1), 5–22.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0047239520934018

In this article, the author has talked about some arguments related to e-learning. The author has
talked about three things such as accessibility, flexibility and affordability. According to the
author, online learning is accessible and can reach urban to rural places. It is very affordable as
students do not have to pay transportation and accommodation expenses. It's flexible in a way
because the student can continue their class anytime from anywhere. So it is very good for the
students.
I find this article useful for my research as the students of Bangladesh might think that in online
classes their money is wasted due to buying a data pack. But if we think about it in another way,
we will find that they don’t have to pay their accommodation and transport fare. They can join
the class from anywhere which is much more flexible than physical classes. Moreover their
money is not going to be wasted but saved.

6. Ali, W. (2020). Online and remote learning in higher education institutes: A necessity in
light of COVID-19 pandemic. Higher Education Studies, 10(3),16.
https://doi.org/10.5539/hes.v10n3p16

In this article, the author has Considered online classes as a necessity. Online class is not an
option anymore. As lockdown has been imposed and there is no alternative, online class or
remote learning is the safe way to continue study. The author has also compared online classes
with traditional classes and he has stated that it is much safer than any other physical classes.
People may think that they should not attend the online classes and the students may give less
importance to the online classes. But in reality, it is as important as the physical classes.
I find this article useful for my research because the Bangladeshi students may look down upon
the online classes. They may give less priority to online classes. But it is not an option but
necessity now. There’s no other option for continuing study which can take the place of online
classes. They should give importance to the online classes like physical classes.

7. Singh, V., & Thurman, A. (2019). How many ways can we define online learning? A
systematic literature review of definitions of online learning (1988-2018). American
Journal of Distance Education, 33(4), 289–306.
https://doi.org/10.1080/08923647.2019.1663082
In this article, the authors have shown online learning as an independent, student centred and
more innovative learning process. According to them, students are free or independent from
facing any class difficulty and can interact with the instructor more easily. The teacher can give
feedback easily and the student can be innovative by using technological instruments. This
online class has also given an opportunity to students to know about IT profoundly as IT support
is a must in this process.
I find this article useful for my research because students may think online classes as a barrier as
they are not habituated with such a process. But in reality, it is very innovative and flexible.
People used to use technology for fun but now it has been used for study. It can make someone
innovative as it opens the door to learn more things about technology. Earlier teachers are not
used to the technology but now they are taking classes. What was totally impossible for them has
become day to day work now. Considering the matter, online classes must be treated as an
innovation.

8. Basilaia, G., Dgebuadze, M., Kantaria, M., & Chokhonelidze, G. (2020). Replacing the
classic learning form at universities as an immediate response to the COVID-19 virus
infection in Georgia. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and
Engineering Technology, 8(3), 101–108. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2020.3021

In this article, the authors have talked about how the products of google can be so useful in this
crucial situation. According to them, the teachers cannot make the online class like a physical
class over one night. It needs time. They have talked about how
Gmail, Google Forms, G-Drive, Google Hangouts, Google Jam board and Drawings, Google
Classroom help in taking classes like physical class. Teachers have some roles to play and by
using these and by introducing these to the students, they can start taking class. Gradually, the
students would be used to it and they would not feel like a virtual class anymore. Google has
offered a big platform and it has been working as a saviour in this pandemic. Things would have
been difficult if Google’s products have not been created.
I find this article useful for my research because students may feel terrified by the word “online
class”. It is very normal because they were not used to the online classes before. Situation is
forcing them to be habituated with this and they should know the ways how they can attend
lectures easily. By using these google products, they won’t feel terrified and they could attend
class without any tension. If they have any problem, they can mail to teachers and the teachers
will sort out the problem for the students. In google classroom, the students can have a face to
face conversation both with the teacher and other students. Thus they won’t feel anymore
terrified about online classes.

Liguori, E., & Winkler, C. (2020). From offline to online: Challenges and opportunities for
entrepreneurship education following the COVID-19 pandemic. Entrepreneurship Education
and Pedagogy, 3(4), 346–351. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515127420916738
In this article, the authors have talked about three biggest challenges in online teaching. First of
all, it is a distant learning. Secondly, the teacher has to personalize teaching which is different
from traditional teaching . Lastly, the teacher has to assure if he’s getting proper responses from
the students or not. Not only the teachers but also the institutions have some roles to play.
Innovative solutions by institutions can help the teachers and students more to be acquainted
with the process. Institutions should offer opportunities for the teachers to conduct online
classes. If a teacher fails to find a solution to a problem, the institution should solve it instantly.
I find this article useful for my research, because the institution should not give all the burden
upon the teachers. In this pandemic, everyone should come forward to fight the situation
properly. In these circumstances, a teacher may not solve all the problems. In such cases, the
institution should find innovative solutions to help both the teachers and students.

Kebritchi, M., Lipschuetz, A., & Santiague, L. (2017). Issues and challenges for teaching
successful online courses in higher education. Journal of Educational Technology Systems,
46(1), 4–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047239516661713

In this article, the authors have talked about some issues and challenges in online classes. They
have talked about three issues. First of all, learner’s issues where it is challenging to make them
participate in the teaching-learning process. Secondly, it is a challenge for a teacher to move his
class from offline to online and to change his strategy and methodology of teaching. Lastly, it is
an issue to develop content and quality like offline classes as some students might raise
questions about it. According to them, these are real challenges in terms of conducting online
classes.
I find this article useful for my research because, in Bangladesh teachers and students may face
these problems. But they have to overcome it by mutual understanding. It is true that online class
is not easy but it is not very difficult also. Both the student and teacher have to be very
conscious about virtual classes and both should work hard to develop the online content. Then
an effective and efficient system would grow up.