The Role of the Pentagrams

in the Globe's Architecture

Joannes Richter

Fig. 1: Simplified Amritamanthana (or “Churning of the Milky Ocean”) still sows
Mount Mandara used as a pivot or churning stick, resting on the turtoise.
Source: Hamlet's Mill - Full Text

Abstract
In the dictionary of pentagrams a subset of words concentrates on the symbolism of pillars, spines,
churning, and querning. The pillars and spines are used to hold up the sky. The “Churning of the
Milky Ocean” may symbolize the axial precession of the earth's axis.
Probably the words for these celestial mechanisms were designed as pentagrams to stabilize the
symbolic fundamentals of the world.
The pentagrams SPAIN (the location of the Pillars of Hercules/Heracles and the Atlantic Titan),
SPANIA (the Phoenician name for Spain), PILAR (one of the Pillars of Hercules) and SPĪNA (the
backbone of Heracles or Atlas as the axis of the world) are used for the words in static support for
the global architecture.
The pentagrams AMRIT (nectar), MELIS (honeybee), CHURN (to stir or agitate milk or cream to
make butter"), QUERN (a hand-mill) and WHIRL are words for the dynamic churning, whirling the
milk to produce the immortalizing nectar or querning the earth's axis to produce peace and plenty.
In some European mythologies the dynamic churning may have started with whirling the milk, but
later, in decaying times, the mill produced salt and now ultimately it is grinding rock and sand.... .
Introduction
Studying Hamlet's Mill1 I noticed the dominance of a few pentagrams such as AMRIT, MELIS,
PILAR, SPINE, WHIRL, CHURN & QUERN2, which were used to describe the axial precession
of the globe's axis. In its transmission by myths this theory was severely criticized by academics,
but the transmission by pentagrams as words has not been studied yet.
Analyzing the description of Giorgio de Santillana and Hertha von Dechend I diagnosed a
problematic approach in Hamlet's Mill. The authors concentrated their essay on the axial precession
of the earth's axis and ignored the initial phase in which mankind believed in the support of the sky
by static pillars.
Initially the Celtic and Germanic astronomers may have believed in static PILARs or SPINEs,
which hold up the sky. The mechanisms are well known as the Celts told Alexander the Great, that
their greatest fear was the collapse of the sky.
In his work “Geography”, the Greek geographer Strabon (~ 63 B.C. – 23 A.D.) referring
to a coeval source, reports on a visit of a Celtic legation to Alexander the Great: “And
Lago’s son Ptolemaios narrates that during the campaign at the Adriatic sea the Celts
had an encounter with Alexander in order to contract hospitality. After a friendly
acceptance, the king had asked them during the carousal what they were most afraid of
– assuming they would have answered: him, Alexander. Instead, however, they had
answered:

'Nothing unless the sky would fall on their heads'; …” . 3

The Germanic tribes honored their gods in the huge trees named Yggdrasil, Irminsul4 and Donar's
Oak5. Of course they later may have added their knowledge of the earth's axial precession.
Therefore both mechanisms (a static support of the pillars of the sky and the dynamic churning
mechanism of the wobbling earth's axis) need to be studied as separated symbols for the celestial
models of the archaic societies.
Several mechanisms such as static pillars and spinning axes are shared by both models. Other tools
are used to quern and churn, which are dedicated to symbolize the wobbling of the earth's
movements.
In this paper I start with a simplified model and expand this architecture with some additional
features.

1 Hamlet's Mill - An Essay Investigating the Origins of Human Knowledge and Its Transmission Through Myth by
Giorgio de Santillana and Hertha von Dechend
2 In this paper the Latin alphabet is defined as linguals: D, Þ L, N, T, palatals: C, G, I, J, K, Q, X , the gutturals: A, Ε,
H, O, Y, labials: B, ϝ - V, M, P, U, W and the dentals: Z, S, R.
3 Historical aspects - or when was the sky falling? - Chiemgau Impact
4 Sacred trees and groves in Germanic paganism and mythology
5 According to legend Donar's Oak was felled by the Christian missionary Saint Boniface. (from: Sacred trees and
groves in Germanic paganism and mythology)
SPAIN as the “Land with the SPINE”
To the archaic world Spain may have been the land with the world's backbone (the “SPINE”),
symbolized as the Pillars of Hercules/Heracles and/or the Atlantic Titan.
The Spanish “SPINE” allows us to study the model of “fixed axes”, which may have been based on
one or two static PILLARs without any moving parts.
Initially these pillars may have supported the roof of the celestial sphere. One of the models uses
two massive PILLARS, which may exclude rotating movements of millstones or fluids in basins.

The etymology of the Spine

From Latin spīna, from Proto-Italic *speinā, from Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“sharp point”).
spīna (plural spinae)
1. A spine; the backbone.
2. One of the quills of a spinet.
3. (historical) A barrier dividing the Ancient Roman hippodrome longitudinally.
Synonyms are: (sharp protuberance from a living thing) needle; quill (on animals, flexible); spike
(rigid); virgula (obsolete).

The Dutch word for the SPINE

The Dutch word for the SPINE as a “small thorn” or “needle” is the “speld6”, which is a diminutive
form SPĪNULA or SPĪN'LA (“small thorn”) for the Latin word SPĪNA (“thorn”).
The transformation is: SPĪNULA → SPĪN'LA → SPĪLLA → SPĪL → SPEL → SPELD.

6 speld (hechtnaald)
The etymology of the names for SPAIN
Most derivatives for the English word SPINE are pentagrams and correlate to the original name
SPANIA of SPAIN, which is one of the exceptional geographical names in the pentagrams'
dictionary.

Fig. 2: Most derivatives for the English word SPINE are pentagrams
and correlate to the original name (HI)SPANIA of SPAIN

Remarkable is also the similarity of the name for SPAIN in Germanic languages such as Dutch:
SPANJE and German: SPANIEN).
The Galician word: ESPIÑA for “spine” may also solve the uncertain origins of the name España
(ESPAÑA, Spanish for SPAIN).
The origins of the Roman name Hispania (HISPANIA), and the modern España
(ESPAÑA), are uncertain, although the Phoenicians and Carthaginians referred to the
region as SPANIA, therefore the most widely accepted etymology is a Semitic-
Phoenician one.[15][20]7

Therefore I suggest to consider SPAIN as a derivation of the words for the backbone SPINE.

7 Etymology (Spain)
Overview of the pentagrams in the global architecture

Dictionary with pentagrams for static pillars

The following pentagrams SPAIN, SPANIA, PILAR, SPĪNA are used for the words in static support
for the global architecture:
# Pentagram P Information Definition Language
1.
H (HI)SPANIA - Spain Spain Spanish
S SPAIN P English
S SPANIA - Phoenician
2.
P PILAR P Pilar (Catalan, Norwegian Bokmål, Nynorsk) pillar Catalan
PILLAR Pillar (English) Noors
3.
P PILAR P short for "Maria del Pilar" and a popular Spanish given Pilar (name) Spanish
name
4.
S SPINE P spine (thorn, backbone, needle) Thorn, back English
S SPĪNA P spīna (thorn, backbone, needle) Needle Latin
S SPINÁ P spiná (спинаа, back) backbone Russian
S ΣΠΊΛΟΣ - σπίλος (spílos) (rock, reef, cliff) cliff Greek
E ESPIÑA - espiña spine Galician
S SPELD - speld, diminutive form of SPINE speld Dutch
5.
S SPINA P Spina - Etruscan city at the mouth of the Po-river Spina Etruscan

Table 1 Dictionary with the pentagrams (HI)SPANIA / SPAIN, PILAR & SPINE
The pentagrams SPAIN (the location of the Pillars of Hercules/Heracles and the Atlantic Titan),
SPANIA (the Phoenician name for Spain), PILAR (one of the Pillars of Hercules), SPĪNA (the
backbone of Heracles or Atlas as the axis of the world) are used for the words in static support for
the global architecture.

The etymology of “Spine”

c. 1400, "backbone," later "thornlike part" (early 15c.), from Old French espine "thorn,
prickle; backbone, spine" (12c., Modern French épine), from Latin spina "backbone,"
originally "thorn, prickle" (figuratively, in plural, "difficulties, perplexities"), from PIE
*spe-ina-, from root *spei- "sharp point" (see spike (n.1)). Meaning "the back of a
book" is first attested 1922.

The etymology of “Spila”, “Spile” and Spike (nail)

Spike (nail): "large nail," mid-14c., perhaps from or related to a Scandinavian word,
such as Old Norse spik "splinter," Middle Swedish spijk "nail," from Proto-Germanic
*spikaz (source also of Middle Dutch spicher, Dutch spijker "nail," Old English spicing
"large nail," Old English spaca, Old High German speihha "spoke"), from PIE root
*spei- "sharp point" (source also of Latin spica "ear of corn," SPINA "thorn, prickle,
backbone," and perhaps pinna "pin" (see pin (n.)); Greek SPILAS "rock, cliff;" Lettish
SPILE "wooden fork;" Lithuanian speigliai "thorns," spitna "tongue of a buckle," Old
English spitu "spit").
Pilar
Obviously the name PILAR, traditionally short for "Maria del Pilar" and a popular Spanish given
name, also may have some archaic symbolic value for the Spanish people.
Our Lady of the Pillar (Spanish: Nuestra Señora del Pilar) is the name given to the
Blessed Virgin Mary in the context of the traditional belief that Mary, while living in
Jerusalem, supernaturally appeared to the Apostle James the Greater in AD 40 while he
was preaching in what is now Spain.8

8 Our_Lady_of_the_Pillar
Dictionary with pentagrams for dynamic churning, querning & whirling
The following pentagrams AMRIT, CHURN, QUERN, WHIRL are words for the dynamic churning,
querning and whirling of the earth axis:
# Pentagram P Information Definition Language
6.
A AMRIT P Nectar, s. AMṚTAṂ in Amrit – Yogawiki nectar Sanskrit
7.
A AMRIT P Amrit - Phoenician port located near Tartus in Amrit Punic (?)
Syria.
8.
E ERIDU P Eridu: first city in the world by ancient Sumerians Eridu ?
9.
M MELIS P Melis (honeybee, → [Telling the bees]) Melis Dutch
(naam)
10.
C CHURN P Churn – "to stir or agitate (milk or cream) to make churn English
K KIRNA P butter," or a vessel to churn. Old Norse
11.
Q QUERN P quern (n.) - small mill for grinding hand-mill English
K KVERN P kvern millstone Old Norse
G GIRNA - girna (millstone) Lithuanian
12.
W WHIRL P whirl whirl English

Table 2 Dictionary with the pentagrams AMRIT, WHIRL, CHURN & QUERN

The pentagrams AMRIT (nectar), MELIS (honeybee), CHURN (to stir or agitate milk or cream to make
butter") , QUERN (a hand-mill), WHIRL are words for the dynamic churning, querning and whirling
the milk or the earth's axis.
The pentagrams AMRIT (nectar), respectively MELIS (honeybee) refer to the production
immortalizing nectar, which (in Greek and Vedic mythology) may play a role to guarantee
immortality.

ERIDU
Eridu (ERIDU) (present day Abu Shahrein, Iraq) was considered the first city in the world by the
ancient Sumerians and is among the most ancient of the ruins from Mesopotamia. Founded in circa
5400 BCE, Eridu was thought to have been created by the gods and was home to the great god Enki
(also known as Ea by the Akkadians)9 .
This is the Vortex that swallows all waters, the one that comes of the destruction of Grotte,
which must be dealt with later. Its Norse name is Hvergelmer; its most ancient name is ERIDU.
But that name belongs to another story and world. 10

Enki was associated with fresh water, as was Eridu itself since it was located in the southern
marshes of the Euphrates River, and so it is no surprise that both Enki and ERIDU feature in the
earliest of the Great Flood stories from which the later tale of Noah and his Ark was developed.
The Eridu Genesis (composed c. 2300 BCE) is the earliest description of the Great Flood, pre-
dating the biblical book of Genesis, and is the tale of the good man Utnapishtim (also known as
Atrahasis or Ziusudra) who builds a great boat by the will of the gods and gathers inside 'the
seed of life' at Enki's suggestion11.

9 Eridu
10 Hamlet's Mill - Full Text - The Many-Colored Cover (07)
11 Eridu
Archaic legends in the Iberian peninsula

The Atlantic inventor of the static celestial sphere

In archaic Greek mythology (8th – 7th century BC) the most legendary characteristic of SPAIN may
have been the Titan Atlas (Ἄτλας, Átlas), who at the entrance of the Atlantic Ocean was condemned
to uphold the “celestial heavens” for eternity after the Titanomachy.
And Atlas through hard constraint upholds the wide heaven with unwearying head and
arms, standing at the borders of the earth before the clear-voiced Hesperides; [520] for
this lot wise Zeus assigned to him12.

In archaic legends king Atlas invented the sky and the astronomy:
Atlas also plays a role in the myths of two of the greatest Greek heroes: Heracles
(Hercules in Roman mythology) and Perseus. According to the ancient Greek poet
Hesiod, Atlas stood at the ends of the earth in extreme west.[2] Later, he became
commonly identified with the Atlas Mountains in northwest Africa and was said to be
the first King of Mauretania.[3] Atlas was said to have been skilled in philosophy,
mathematics, and astronomy. In antiquity, he was credited with inventing the first
celestial sphere. In some texts, he is even credited with the invention of astronomy
itself.[4] 13

The installer of the static Atlantic celestial sphere

Another definition for the global or Atlantic SPINE was the Pillars of Hercules/Heracles, owing to
the story that Heracles set up two massive PILLARS (or spires, SPIRES) of stone to stabilize the
area and ensure the safety of ships sailing between the two landmasses.
Eurystheus set two more tasks for Heracles, fetching the Golden Apples of Hesperides and
capturing Cerberus. In the end, with ease, the hero successfully performed each added task, bringing
the total number of labours up to the magic number twelve.
The immediate necessity for the Labours of Hercules is as penance for Heracles' murder
of his own family, in a fit of madness, which had been sent by Hera; however, further
human rather than mythic motivation is supplied by mythographers who note that their
respective families had been rivals for the throne of Mycenae.

Both the Pillars of Hercules/Heracles and the Atlantic Titan did not move the Atlas, the PILLARS or
the celestial sphere. The European mythologies seemed to be static.
Sallust mentions in his work on the Jugurthine War that the Africans believe Heracles to
have died in Spain where, his multicultural army being left without a leader, the Medes,
Persians, and Armenians who were once under his command split off and populated the
Mediterranean coast of Africa.[80]

Temples dedicated to Heracles abounded all along the Mediterranean coastal countries.
For example, the temple of Heracles Monoikos (i.e. the lone dweller), built far from any
nearby town upon a promontory in what is now the Côte d'Azur, gave its name to the
area's more recent name, Monaco.

12 Hesiod, Theogony 517–520. (8th – 7th century BC)

13 Source: Atlas
 The gateway to the Mediterranean Sea from the Atlantic Ocean, where the southernmost
tip of Spain and the northernmost of Morocco face each other is, classically speaking,
referred to as the Pillars of Hercules/Heracles, owing to the story that he set up two
massive spires of stone to stabilize the area and ensure the safety of ships sailing
between the two landmasses.14

Legends also involve Heracles who had a garden in Spain, which inherited its name from a nephew
(ESPAN) of king Heracles:
Two 15th-century Spanish Jewish scholars, Don Isaac Abravanel and Solomon ibn
Verga, gave an explanation now considered folkloric. Both men wrote in two different
published works that the first Jews to reach Spain were brought by ship by Phiros who
was confederate with the king of Babylon when he laid siege to Jerusalem. Phiros was a
Grecian by birth, but who had been given a kingdom in Spain. Phiros became related by
marriage to ESPAN, the nephew of king Heracles, who also ruled over a kingdom in
Spain. Heracles later renounced his throne in preference for his native Greece, leaving
his kingdom to his nephew, Espan, from whom the country of España (Spain) took its
name. Based upon their testimonies, this eponym would have already been in use in
Spain by c. 350 BCE.[26] 15

14 Source: Heracles (Other cultures)

15 Source: Spain
An etymology for the Etruscan name SPINA
Strange as it may seem is the Etruscan name SPINA for a powerful city at the mouth of the Po-river,
which had been discovered in 1922 near the location, where today modern Venice (VENEZIA16) is
located.
Maybe the Etruscan name SPINA is derived from the palisade at Spina, which may be interpreted as
a “row of thorns”:

Fig. 3: Remains of a palisade at Spina

Source: Venezia Autentica, a website about Life
and travel in Venice

The city of Spina

Spina (SPINA) was an Etruscan port city, established by the end of the 6th century BCE,[1] on the
Adriatic at the ancient mouth of the Po, south of the lagoon which would become the site of Venice.
Pliny the Elder, a Roman author and fleet commander, wrote about a system of channels
in Atria that was, “first made by the Tuscans [i.e. Etruscans], thus discharging the flow
of the river across the marshes of the Atriani called the Seven Seas, with the famous
harbor of the Tuscan town of Atria which formerly gave the name of Atriatic to the sea
now called the Adriatic.” Those “Seven Seas” were interlinked coastal lagoons,
separated from the open sea by sand pits and barrier islands.[10] The Etruscans
extended this natural inland waterway with new canals to extend the navigation
possibilities of the tidal reaches of the Po all the way north to Atria. As late as the time
of the emperor Vespasian, shallow draft galleys could still be rowed from Ravenna into
the heart of Etruria. Under Roman occupation the town ceded importance to the former
Greek colony Ravenna as the continued siltation of the Po delta carried the seafront
further to the east. The sea is now about 22 kilometers (14 miles) from Adria. 17

16 As shown by the comparative material, Germanic languages had two terms of different origin: Old High German
Winida 'Wende' points to Pre-Germanic *Wenétos, while Lat.-Germ. Venedi (as attested in Tacitus) and Old English
Winedas 'Wends' call for Pre-Germanic *Wenetós. (Ethnonym in Adriatic Veneti)
17 Ancient era (Adria)
 This mouth, which was formerly called by some the Eridanian, has been by others
styled the Spinetic mouth, from the city of SPINA, a very powerful place, which
formerly stood in the vicinity, if we may form a conclusion from the amount of its
treasure deposited at Delphi; it was founded by Diomedes18. At this spot the river
Yatrenus, which flows from the territory of Forum Cornell, swells the waters of the
Padus.19

Etruscan hydraulic engineers managed to confine the wide Po river at SPINA to its bed, by the
means of constructing many canals to direct its flow. As a result the disastrous spring floods were
mitigated. Spina was founded around 525 BC, soon after Atria. It had the predominantly Etruscan
population, but also a significant Greek trading emporium.[2]
The site of SPINA was lost until modern times, when drainage schemes in the delta of
the Po River in 1922 first officially revealed a necropolis of Etruscan Spina about four
miles west of the commune of Comacchio 20.

Pliny, who, as the commander of a fleet, may be presumed knowledgeable on such

matters, says that this system was "first made by the Tuscans, thus discharging the flow
of the river across the marshes of the Atriani called the Seven Seas, with the famous
harbor of the Tuscan town of Atria which formerly gave the name of Atriatic to the sea
now called the Adriatic." The "Seven Seas" mentioned by Pliny were lagoons, separated
from the open sea by sandbanks. Amid this chain of lagoons the Etruscans made new
canals to act as auxiliary branches of the river Po. They constructed cross-connections
between the individual lagoons, and then further connections between the former. The
most northerly of these canals, the "Philistma”, led to Atria. Thus an extensive system of
inland waterways was constructed along the coast. As late as the time of the emperor
Vespasian, says Pliny, galleys could still travel from Ravenna to Etruria.

Etruscan hydraulic experts contrived to do what seemed impossible, namely, to confine

the wide river at Spina to its continually rising bed. They did this by means of the
artificially constructed branches of the river and the canals. Even when "the melting of
the snows at the rising of the Dogstar causes it to swell in volume," as Pliny puts it, this
system carried the annual floods away into the lagoons and the sea. By this means they
mastered the terrible inundations, with their dangers to land and people, which even
now still occur in the region. "The masterpiece of their hydraulic know-how," says
Mario Lopes Pegna, "was their abolition of the periodic scourge of floods in the lower
reaches of the Po. This was a gigantic undertaking. Accomplished by digging a whole
network of coordinated canals, and at the same time damming the river with caissons or
brushwood. much further afield. 21

18 The Greeks and Romans credited Diomedes with the foundation of several Greek settlements in Magna Graeca in
southern Italy: Argyrippa or Arpi, Aequum Tuticum (Ariano Irpino), Beneventum (Benevento), Brundusium
(Brindisi), Canusium (Canosa), Venafrum (Venafro), Salapia, Spina, Garganum, Sipus (near Santa Maria di
Siponto),[27] Histonium (Vasto),Drione (San Severo), and Aphrodisia or Venusia (Venosa).
19 Natural History (Rackham, Jones, & Eichholz)
20 Source: Spina
21 Source: The port of Spina in Etruscan Engineering & Agricultural Achievements (Mysteriousetruscans.Com)
Comments to the book Hamlet's Mill
The Chapter X of Hamlet's Mill, titled “The Twilight of the Gods” contains 4 drawings for churning
processes and the following pentagrams:

# Pentagram P Information Definition Language

1.
S SIBYL P sibyls are female prophets in Ancient Greece. sibyl English
2.
V VANIR P Vanir- House of the Wise (group of gods Vanir English
associated with health, fertility, wisdom, and
the ability to see the future. )
3.
V VIDAR P Víðarr - the son of Odin Víðarr Old Norse
4.
W WHIRL P whirl to go round, spin English
5.
C CHURN P Churn To Churn English
Table 3 Pentagrams in the Chapter X of Hamlet's Mill - The Twilight of the Gods

Santillana's and von Dechend's essay Hamlet's Mill is mostly about the claim of a Megalithic era
discovery of axial precession and the encoding of this knowledge in mythology. Static support of
rigid pillars could not be discovered in the essay Hamlet's Mill, but I may have overseen some
details.
The main argument of the book may be summarized as the claim of an early (Neolithic) discovery
of the precession of the equinoxes (usually attributed to Hipparchus, 2nd century BCE), and an
associated very long-lived Megalithic civilization of "unsuspected sophistication" that was
particularly preoccupied with astronomical observation.
The knowledge of this civilization about axial precession, and the associated astrological ages,
would have been encoded in mythology, typically in the form of a story relating to a millstone and a
young protagonist—the "Hamlet's Mill" of the book's title, a reference to the kenning Amlóða kvern
recorded in the Old Icelandic Skáldskaparmál.[1].
The main topic (precession of the equinoxes) of the book Hamlet's Mill must be considered as a
dynamically moving and spinning device, which is symbolized by the chapters Amlodhi's Quern,
Amlodhi the Titan and His Spinning Top and The Whirlpool.

Hamlet's SPINE
Before the discovery of the axial precession and the accurate determination of the repetition cycles
in the wobbling movements the astronomers must have been used a simpler static model for the
spine. In this era the earth's movements may have been interpreted as a spinning around a statically
fixed "polar axis".
This archaic era of a simple rotation is a model in which a fixed axis may be understood as a
magnificent tree such as Yggdrasil, Odin's Oak or the Irminsul. Other fixed axes are large
mountains such as the Pillars of Hercules/Heracles. These simplified fixed axes may have existed in
various uninformed locations.
This simplified model may have existed up to the insight of the precession movements, which may
have occurred around A.D. 150:
The starting place is Greece. Cleomedes (c. A.D. 150), speaking of the northern
latitudes, states (1.7): "The heavens there turn around in the way a millstone does." Al-
Farghani in the East takes up the same idea, and his colleagues will supply the details.
 They call the star Kochab, beta Ursae Minoris, "mill peg," and the stars of the Little
Bear, surrounding the North Pole, and Fas al-rahha (the hole of the mill peg) "because
they represent, as it were, a hole (the axle ring) in which the mill axle turns, since the
axle of the equator (the polar axis) is to be found in this region, fairly close to the star
Al-jadi (he-goat, Polaris: alpha Ursae Minoris)."22

The simplified model with a fixed axis allows also spinning millstones, which (in the European
territories) could be modeled in the Norse Maelstrom without including a precession movement.
The story of Shakespeare's Hamlet may be based on the legend of Amleth, preserved by 13th-
century chronicler Saxo Grammaticus in his Gesta Danorum, as subsequently retold by the 16th-
century scholar François de Belleforest.

Saxo's version
Saxo's version is similar to the one given in the 12th-century Chronicon Lethrense. In both versions,
prince Amleth (Amblothæ) is the son of Horvendill (Orwendel), king of the Jutes (JUTES).
Amlodhi was identified, in the crude and vivid imagery of the Norse, by the ownership
of a fabled mill which, in his own time, ground out peace and plenty. Later, in decaying
times, it ground out salt; and now finally, having landed at the bottom of the sea, it is
grinding rock and sand, creating a vast WHIRLpool, the Maelstrom (i.e., the grinding
stream, from the verb mala, "to grind"), which is supposed to be a way to the land of the
dead.23

Now Frodhi happened to be the owner of a huge mill, or QUERN, that no human
strength could budge. Its name was Grotte, "the crusher." We are not told how he got it,
it just happened, as in a fairy tale. He traveled around looking for someone who could
work it, and in Sweden he recruited two giant maidens, Fenja and Menja, who were able
to work the Grotte. It was a magic mill, and Frodhi told them to grind out gold, peace
and happiness. So they did. But Frodhi in his greed drove them night and day. He
allowed them rest only for so long as it took to recite a certain verse. One night, when
everybody else was sleeping, the giantess Menja in her anger stopped work, and sang a
dire song.

However obscure the prophecy, it brought its own fulfillment. The maidens ground out
for Frodhi's "a sudden host," and that very day Mysingr, the Sea-King, landed and killed
Frodhi. Mysingr ("son of the Mouse"—see appendix #6) loaded Grotte on his ship, and
with him he also took the giantesses. He ordered them to grind again. But this time they
ground out salt.

"And at midnight they asked whether Mysingr were not weary of salt. He bade them
grind longer. They had ground but a little while, when down sank the ship,"

"And from that time there has been a WHIRLpool in the sea where the water falls
through the hole in the mill-stone. It was then that the sea became salt."

Here ends Snorri's tale (appendix #7).

22 Hamlet's Mill (chapter 9. Amlodhi the Titan and His Spinning Top)
23 Introduction to Hamlet's Mill
Hesiod's and Ovid's Ages of Man
Saxo's version seems to be related to Hesiod's and Ovid's Ages of Man: the Golden Age, the Silver
Age the Bronze Age and Iron Age.
Both Hesiod and Ovid offered accounts of the successive ages of humanity, which tend
to progress from an original, long-gone age in which humans enjoyed a nearly divine
existence to the current age of the writer, in which humans are beset by innumerable
pains and evils. In the two accounts that survive from ancient Greece and Rome, this
degradation of the human condition over time is indicated symbolically with metals of
successively decreasing value.

Ovid's Four Ages of Man

The Norse description of Hamlet's Mill may have integrated the magic mill into Ovid's legendary
ages of man: (1) gold, peace and happiness, (2) then salt and (3) ultimately rock and sand.
The Roman poet Ovid (1st century BC – 1st century AD) tells a similar myth of Four
Ages in Book 1.89–150 of the Metamorphoses. His account is similar to Hesiod's, with
the exception that he omits the Heroic Age. Ovid emphasizes that justice and peace
defined the Golden Age. He adds that in this age, men did not yet know the art of
navigation and therefore did not explore the larger world. Further, no man had
knowledge of any arts but primitive agriculture. In the Silver Age, Jupiter introduces the
seasons, and men consequently learn the art of agriculture and architecture. In the
Bronze Age, Ovid writes, men were prone to warfare, but not impiety. Finally, in the
Iron Age, men demarcate nations with boundaries; they learn the arts of navigation and
mining; they are warlike, greedy, and impious. Truth, modesty, and loyalty are nowhere
to be found. 24

Strictly spoken the Norse legends do not really symbolize the axial precession, but describe the ages
of man.

24 Ovid's Four Ages

Conclusions
In the dictionary of pentagrams a subset of words concentrates on the symbolism of pillars, spines,
churning, and querning. The pillars and spines are used to hold up the sky. The “Churning of the
Milky Ocean” may symbolize the axial precession of the earth's axis.
Probably the words for these celestial mechanisms were designed as pentagrams to stabilize the
symbolic fundamentals of the world.
The pentagrams SPAIN (the location of the Pillars of Hercules/Heracles and the Atlantic Titan),
SPANIA (the Phoenician name for Spain), PILAR (one of the Pillars of Hercules) and SPĪNA (the
backbone of Heracles or Atlas as the axis of the world) are used for the words in static support for
the global architecture.
The pentagrams AMRIT (nectar), MELIS (honeybee), CHURN (to stir or agitate milk or cream to make
butter"), QUERN (a hand-mill) and WHIRL are words for the dynamic churning, whirling the milk to
produce the immortalizing nectar or querning the earth's axis to produce peace and plenty.
In some European mythologies the dynamic churning may have started with whirling the milk, but
later, in decaying times, the mill produced salt and now ultimately it is grinding rock and sand....
The Norse description of Hamlet's Mill may have integrated the magic mill into Ovid's legendary
ages of man: (1) gold, peace and happiness, (2) then salt and (3) ultimately rock and sand.
Strictly spoken the Norse legends do not really symbolize the axial precession, but describe the
ages of man.
Contents
Abstract.................................................................................................................................................1
Introduction..........................................................................................................................................2
SPAIN as the “Land with the SPINE”..................................................................................................3
The etymology of the Spine.............................................................................................................3
The Dutch word for the SPINE........................................................................................................3
The etymology of the names for SPAIN .........................................................................................4
Overview of the pentagrams in the global architecture........................................................................5
Dictionary with pentagrams for static pillars...................................................................................5
The etymology of “Spine”..........................................................................................................5
The etymology of “Spila”, “Spile” and Spike (nail)..................................................................5
Pilar.............................................................................................................................................6
Dictionary with pentagrams for dynamic churning, querning & whirling......................................7
ERIDU........................................................................................................................................7
Archaic legends in the Iberian peninsula.........................................................................................8
The Atlantic inventor of the static celestial sphere.....................................................................8
The installer of the static Atlantic celestial sphere......................................................................8
An etymology for the Etruscan name SPINA................................................................................10
The city of Spina.......................................................................................................................10
Comments to the book Hamlet's Mill.................................................................................................12
Hamlet's SPINE.............................................................................................................................12
Saxo's version................................................................................................................................13
Hesiod's and Ovid's Ages of Man..................................................................................................14
Ovid's Four Ages of Man..........................................................................................................14
Conclusions........................................................................................................................................15
Appendices.........................................................................................................................................17
Appendix 1 - The (incomplete) overview of perfect pentagrams..................................................17
Appendix 3 – Notes of J. Richter in Academia.edu and Scribd.....................................................24
January – December 2021.........................................................................................................24
January – December 2020.........................................................................................................24
January – December 2019.........................................................................................................26
January – December 2018.........................................................................................................27
January – December 2017.........................................................................................................29
December 2011 ........................................................................................................................29
Appendices

Appendix 1 - The (incomplete) overview of perfect pentagrams

The following dictionary documents a number (~165) of perfect pentagrams in various languages.
Only a subset of these words have been composed as pentagrams. Other words unintentionally may
have turned into pentagrams.
Most of the following Latin pentagrams (AGNUS, ANGUS, BISON, CĀNUS, DECUS, FĒLIS,
GENUS , LACUS, LAPIS, LEVIS, TIMOR, , ) had been found in the wiktionary-database, which
may be filtered for 5-letter words: Find a word > Latin word games.
# Pentagram P Information Definition Language
1.
J (D)JOUR - Jour day French
2.
W (W)ILUŠA - Wiluša (Ἴλιον, ĪĪlion ) Troy, ĪĪlion Hittitisch
3.
K *KHLAIBU - loaf (n.), the Germanic origin is uncertain bread Germanic
H ZHLEIFR Hleifr Old-Norse
H HLAIFS Hlaifs Gothic
4.
L *LIB(A)RŌ P Lever (Germanic: *LIB(A)RŌ-) liver English
5.
M *MELKS P Melk(en) milk Dutch
M MÉLŽTI – (Litouws MÉLŽTI; Sloveens MLÉSTI < Lithuanian
M MLÉSTI - *MELZTI; alle ‘melken’.) Slovene
6.
T *TEIWS P The name of a Gothic deity named *TEIWS *TEIWS (later Gothic
(later *Tīus) *Tīus)
7.
A AGNUS P agnus, Agnus Dei - (Noun) A lamb, especially Lamb Latin
one used as a sacrifice.
8.
A AMRIT P Nectar, s. AMṚTAṂ in Amrit – Yogawiki nectar Sanskrit
9.
A AMRIT P Amrit - a Phoenician port located near present- Amrit Punic (?)
day Tartus in Syria.
10.
A ANGUS P Angus Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Angus Scottish
Aonghas, perhaps literally "one choice". In Irish
myth, Aonghus was the god of love and youth.
11.
A APRIL P fourth month, AUERIL, from Latin (mensis) april (month), English
AVRIL P Aprilis 2nd Month Old French
12.
A ARJUN(A) P Kern: Arjun Arjuna Sanskrit
13.
A ARMIN P The etymology of the Latin name Arminius is Armin Dutch
A ARMINIUS - unknown Latin
14.
B BATIR P Batir beat Spanish
15.
B BÂTIR P bastir "build, construct, sew up, baste, make to build French
B BASIN P baste (v.2) - Water vessel (of unknown origin) basin English
16.
B BEIT P Beit covenant Hebrew
17.
B BESIN P king Bisinus ( BESIN in Frankish) Thuringian king Dutch
P PISΕN P PISΕN in Lombard Basina v. Frankisch
B BASIN(A) P Basina, the queen of Thuringia (5th century). Thuringia Lombard
B BAZIN P woman in charge woman in charge Thuringian
18.
B BINZA P binza Pellicle Spanish
 # Pentagram P Information Definition Language
19.
B BISEL P bisel bezel Spanish
20.
B BISON P from Latin bison "wild ox," bison Latin
21.
B BÔZINE - Dialect: bôzine ‘landlady’. (bazin) landlady French
22.
B BRAIN P Brain, brein, hersenen; of uncertain origin, evt. Brain Dutch
B BREIN P van fr. PIE root *mregh-m(n)o- "skull, brain" English
23.
B BREChT P Schitterend (Brecht) splendid Dutch
P PRAChT P Brecht (voornaam) bright Germanic
B BRIGHT - bright (schitterend) English
24.
B BRENG P To bring To bring Dutch
25.
B BRIAN P Brian. Etymology: Uncertain; possibly Brian Irish
borrowed from Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėnt (“high,
noble”).
26.
B BRIDE P Bride – Oudfries BREID; Dutch BRUID bride Dutch
B BREID P English
B BRUID - Old-Frisian
27.
C CĀNUS cānus (canus): grey, old, aged, venerable gray-haired Latin
28.
C CHURL P Churl (ceorl or CHURL), lowest rank of Churl (freeman) English
freemen).
29.
C CHURN P Churn (karn , karnen (boter uit melk scheiden) karn, karnen English
30.
C CROWN P "crown" – from Latin corona crown English
31.
D DECUS P deeds of honor, Grace, splendor, beauty. Honor, decus Latin
distinction, glory. Pride, dignity.
32.
D DIAUS P Dyáuṣ Pitṛа Sky-Father Sanskrit
33.
D DIÉU(S) P Dieu God French
34.
D DIVES P dives rich, wealthy Latin
35.
D DYEUS P *Dyeus DIEUS PIE
36.
E ELPIS P Elpis hope Greek
37.
E ERIDU P Eridu is the first city in the world by the ancient Eridu ?
Sumerians
38.
E ERMÏN P Tacitus's Germania (AD 98): (Irminones) (H)ERMÏN – Latin
(ARMIN) Herman
39.
F FAÐIR P faðir Father Old-Norse
40.
F FASTI P Fasti - Allowed days Fasti Latin
41.
F FĒLIS P Fēlis – katachtigen – Kat, fret ("Felis" ) cat Latin
42.
F FELIZ P feliz (happy) feliz Spanish
43.
F FESTI P Festī, Festî - ‘strength, power, document’ (veste) fort Ohd.
44.
F FIDES P Fides, (confidence, trust)25 Fides Dutch
S ΣΦΊΔΗ P σφίδη (sphídē). σφίδη (sphídē). Latin
F BIDDEN - Old English: BIDDAN "to ask, beg, pray” to ask, beg, pray Old Greek
45.
F FIETS P Origin uncertain. Maybe from “vietse” bicycle Dutch

25 Numa is said to have built a temple to Fides publica; Source: fides in William Smith, editor (1848) A
Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology
 # Pentagram P Information Definition Language
‘running’; etymology from fiets (rijwiel)
46.
ΦΦ FILOS P Filos, bijvoorbeeld in Filosoof love Greek
L ΦIΛOΣ P ΦIΛOΣ Greek
L LIEF(S) P Dutch
LIeBES - German
47.
F FINAR P finar to die Spanish
48.
F FRANC P Frank vrij Dutch
FRANK P
49.
G GAUTR P Runen-Sprachschatz (Runen woordenboek, wise man Icelandic
German)
50.
G GENUS P genus (GENUS, “kind, sort, ancestry, birth”) Family, pedigree Latin
51.
I IANUS P Janus -god van het begin, einde, poorten, Janus Latin
J JANUS P dualiteit, tijd, en doorgangen. [1]
52.
I IOU-piter – Jupiter (D)IOU(S) JOU-piter Latin
*DJOUS P (*DJOUS PATĒR)
53.
I ISLAM P Islam – "submission [to God]" Islam English
54.
I ISTÆV P Tacitus's Germania (AD 98) – Istvaeones ISTÆV – Latin
55.
J JANUS P Janus Janus (godheid) French
56.
J JUDAS P Judas Judas Dutch
57.
J JULES P Jules Jules (naam) French
58.
J JURAT P Jurat in Guernsey en Jersey Jury (rechtbank) French
59.
J JURON P juron curse French
60.
J JUSTE P Just "just, righteous; sincere" just French
JUSTO P Spanish
61.
J JUTES P Jutes People of Jutland English
62.
K KAUTR P Related to (runes) “Kuþlant” (Gotland) and wise runic
“Guth” (God)
63.
K KOTUS P Kotys (war, slaughter) war, slaughter Greek
64.
K KRAUT P Kraut / cruyt – Gothic *krûþ (genitive *krûdis), herbs Dutch
K KRUID – neuter, might be taken for krû-da German
C CRUYT - Indo-European references are unsecure.
65.
L LACUS P the l-rune (OE lagu, ON lǫgr/laugr (i, k, l, m ) water in some Latin
LAGUZ Laguz form Old-Norse
LAUGR
66.
L LAPIS P Stone - May be connected with Ancient Greek lapis Latin
λέπας (lépas, “bare rock, crag”), from Proto-
Indo-European *lep- (“to peel”)
67.
L LEVIS P Levis, light (not heavy), quick, swift . Fickle , Levis (light) Latin
dispensable , trivial, trifling , easy (e.g. food)
68.
L LEWIS P Lewis (Louis, Clovis) Lewis English
69.
L LIBAR P libar suck Spanish
70.
L LIBER P Liber - free, independent, unrestricted, free Latin
L LIURE P unchecked (→ freeman) Old
 # Pentagram P Information Definition Language
L LIBRO P Old Occitan: liure ; Provencal libro Occitan
L LIVRE P Portuguese: livre Provencal
L LIBRE P French: libre Portuguese
French
71.
L LIBRA P libra Pond Spanish
P Libra Libra (astrology)
72.
L LIBRA P Libra scales Latin
73.
L LIBRE P libre (adj.) free Spanish
74.
L LIEF(S) P Lief – crefte lieuis ‘de krachten van het lieve’ Love Dutch
[10e eeuw; W.Ps.]
75.
L LIMES P Limes (border) border Latin
76.
L LII MOS Limos starvation Greek
77.
L LIVER P liver liver English
78.
L LIVES P lives lives English
79.
L LIVRE P livre book French
80.
L LOCUS P Location – Latin locus is ontstaan uit Vroeglatijn Location Latin
stlocus ‘id.’, verdere herkomst onzeker;
misschien verwant met → stal. (loco-.)
81.
L LOUIS P Clovis (Chlodovechus) (Ch)LOUIS Clovis French
82.
L LOUIS P Louis (Chlodowig) - LOUIS Louis French
83.
L LUGAR P lugar {m} location Spanish
84.
L LUIER P luier (kinderdoek) diaper Dutch
85.
M MANUS - Manus - (मनस):—[from man] m. man or Manu man, mankind Sanskrit
(the father of men)
86.
M MEDIR P medir (algo) {verb} measure Spanish
87.
M MELIS P Melis (honeybee, → [Telling the bees]) Melis (name) Dutch
88.
M MENSCh P man (person) Man (person) Dutch
89.
M MERIT P Merit (Christianity), Merit (Buddhism), Merit English
MARIT P Variants: Maret (Estonia)/Marit (Swedish). (Name)
90.
M METIS P Metis (personified by Athena, pag. 2-59) Mind, wisdom Greek
(ΜΗΗΤΙΣ) P wisdom. She was the first wife of Zeus.
91.
M MIDAS P Midas (/ˈmaɪdəs/; Greek: Μίδας) is the name of Midas Greek
one of at least three members of the royal house
of Phrygia.
92.
M MILES P Latin mīles (“soldaat”) ; Myles (given name) mīles (“soldaat”) Latin
93.
M MÌNAS P Μήνας (moon) moon Greek
94.
M MINOR P minor (“less, smaller, inferior”) minor Latin
95.
M MINOS P Royal Name Minos Linear A
(Cretan)
96.
M MITRA P Mitra (Godheid in de Rigveda) Mitra (god) Sanskrit
97.
M MÓÐIR P Móðir - mother mother Icelandic
98.
M MΑRKT P markt (from Mercatus?) (market) market Dutch
 # Pentagram P Information Definition Language
99.
N NĪRAṂ P Nīraṃ water Sanskrit
100.
P PANIS P Pānis (bread, loaf ) bread, loaf Latin
101.
P PATRIE - vaderland Fatherland French
102.
P PEDIR P pedir algo {verb} request Spanish
103.
P PIeTER P Pieter (symbolic “PITER” or “PITAR”, because Pieter Dutch
the E indicates a long I vowel)
104.
P PILAR P Pilar (Catalan, Norwegian Bokmål, Nynorsk) pillar Catalaans
Noors
105.
P PILAR P short for "Maria del Pilar" and a popular Pilar (name) Spanish
Spanish given name
106.
P PITAR P Pitar (father) Father Sanskrit
107.
P PITER P Initial Name Sankt-Piter-Boerch (Санкт-Питер- Saint-Piter- Russian
Бурхъ) for Saint Petersburg (from Geschiedenis) Borough
108.
P POLISh P from Latin polire "to polish, make smooth; To polish (E) English
P POLIRE - decorate, embellish;" , ontwikkeld uit Latin polieren (D) Latin
P POLIS P polīre ‘gladmaken’, van onbekende herkomst. polijsten (NL) French
109.
P POLIS P ancient Greek city-state, 1894, from Greek polis, polis Greek
P PTOLIS - ptolis "citadel, fort, city, .." from PIE *tpolh-
"citadel; .. high ground; hilltop"
110.
P POTIS P Potis - (able, capable, possible) Potis Latin
111.
P PRAChT P Pracht (splendor) splendor Dutch
112.
P PRANG P Prang (nose clip) nose clip Dutch
113.
P PRITHVI - Prithvi earth Sanskrit
114.
P PRONG P Prong ([Fish-]fork) (Fish-)fork English
115.
P PYOTR P Pjotr (name) Peter Russian
116.
P PĒNIS P Penis ; Old Low German root: *PISA penis Latin
117.
Q QUERN P quern (n.) quern English
118.
Q QUR'AN P Quran – het heilige Boek van de Islam Quran Arabic
119.
R RIJPΕN P Rijpen (met onzekere etymologie) ripen Dutch
R RIPΕN P ripen English
R REIFΕN - reifen German
120.
R RIVΕT P Rivet Rivet English
121.
R RUÏNΕ P maybe from Latin verb ruere ruin Dutch
R RUINA P (plural: RUINÆ) Latin
122.
S SAUIL P sauil (Gothic), Sun and the letter “S” Sun, (letter S) Gothic
S SAULI P sauli Lithuanian, Indo-European Languages Lithuanian
S SÁULĖ - sáulė (Lithuanian)
123.
S SABIN P Sabijn [member of an Italian tribe] {1625} Sabine Etruscan
S SABIJN P etymology: ‘kin’ sabijn
124.
S SIBYL P sibyls are female prophets in Ancient Greece. sibyl English
125.
S SILVA P Silva (wood, forest ) Silva Latin
126.
S SIMLA P Simla (Stad in India) Simla (stad) Indian (?)
 # Pentagram P Information Definition Language
127.
S SIMON P simon simon Dutch
128.
H (HI)SPANIA - Spain Spain Spanish
S SPAIN P English
S SPANIA - Phoenician
129.
S SPILE P Spile wooden fork Lettish
130.
S SPINE P spine (thorn, backbone, needle) Thorn, back English
S SPĪNA P spīna (thorn, backbone, needle) Needle Latin
S SPINÁ P spiná (спинаа, back) backbone Russian
S ΣΠΊΛΟΣ - σπίλος (spílos) (rock, reef, cliff) cliff Greek
E ESPIÑA - espiña spine Galician
S SPELD - speld, diminutive form of SPINE needle Dutch
131.
S SPINA P Spina - Etruscan city at the mouth of the Po- Spina (city) Etruscan
river
132.
S SUTHI P Graf tomb Etruscan
133.
T TAMIS P tamis sifter French
134.
T TAPIR P Tapir Tapir English
135.
T TAPIS P Tapis, rug French
T TAPIS P Byzantijns-Greek byz-Greek
T TÁPĒS - Tápēs, Greek Greek
136.
T TERUG P terug (backwords) backwards Dutch
137. nd
T ThEMIS P ThEMIS – After METIS the 2 wife of Zeus Themis (justice) Greek
(ΘEMIΣ) P
138.
T THIUS P Thius (Late Latin) uncle Thius Latin
From Ancient Greek θεῖος (theîos).
139.
T THUIS P thuis (at home) thuis (“at home”) Dutch
140.
T TIBER P Tiber (name) Tiber as a river Latin
141.
T TIEUS P TIEUS (Tieu) plural of - A surname, borrowed Tieu(s) Vietnamees
from Vietnamese Tiêu, from Chinese 蕭.
142.
T TIMOR P timor (Latin) awe, reverence. fear, dread. timor Latin
143.
T TIVAR P Plural for the deity týr gods Old-Norse
144.
T TIVAS P *Tīwaz deity Proto-
Germanic
145.
T TIWAS P Tiwaz Sun (as a deity) Luwian
146.
T TIWAZ P Rune (ᛏ) for the deity Týr Týr rune
147.
T TJEUS P nickname to define the JEU-sayers Val Medel Surselvisch
(Suisse)
148.
T TRIBΕ P Tribe (stam) Tribe English
149.
T TUROG P Locale pagan deity in Sussex Turog (god) Celtic (?)
150.
U ÛÐIRA P uier (melkklier) udder Germanic
U UIDER P
151.
U UNIRΕ P ūnīre (to join, to unite, to put together), ūnīre Latin
152.
U URINA P from Latin urina "urine," from PIE *ur- (source Urine Dutch
U URINΕ P also of Greek ouron "urine"), variant of root sperm (source: Latin
 # Pentagram P Information Definition Language
*we-r- "water, liquid, milk, sperm" urine) English
153.
U UUATIRO – water (in watrischafo [709; ONW]) water (vloeistof) Dutch
W WATRIS – Old-Irish uisce ‘water’ (zie ook → whisky); Dutch
U UISCE - Old-Irish
154.
V VAÐIR P vaðir (from váð; piece of cloth; garment) Clothes (plural) Old-Norse
155.
V VANIR P Vanir- House of the Wise (group of gods Vanir English
associated with health, fertility, wisdom, and
the ability to see the future. )
156.
V VENUS – Goddess for love, beauty, desire, sex, fertility, Venus Latin
(VANIR) P prosperity and victory fertility gods Norse
157.
V VIDAR P Víðarr - son of Odin Víðarr Old Norse
158.
V VIRAL P Viral viral English
159.
V VLIES P vlies (vel, membraan) membrane Dutch
160.
V VRAChT P Vracht (freight) freight Dutch
161.
V VRIJEN P (1): “het VRIJEN”: vrijen (verkering hebben; 1: To court Dutch
minnekozen; (1240). Originally: “to love” 2: The free people
(from: vriend in Etymologiebank). (“the FRANKs”)
(2): “de VRIJEN”: the “free people”
162.
W WETEN - “To have seen” - to wit (v.), weten To know Dutch
W WISSEN - weten (German) German
163.
W WHIRL P whirl to go round, spin English
164.
W WIJZEN P wijzen (aanduiden) wijzen Dutch
(aanduiden)
165.
W WIZARD - Wizard – (originally): "to know the future." (?) philosopher English
166.
W WRANG P Wrang (sourish) sourish Dutch
167.
W WRONG P wrong wrong English
168.
Z ZEMLJA zemlja earth Slavic
Dictionary with a number of (~168) perfect pentagrams26

26 Source: Over de indrukwekkendheid en harmonie van de woordenschat (24.4.2021)

Appendix 3 – Notes of J. Richter in Academia.edu and Scribd
The publications (~220 titles) are sorted according to their storage date 27. This storage is my own
record of documentations.

January – December 2021

• De rol van de pentagrammen in de articulatie
• Swap Mutations in the Pentagram List
• The Role of the Pentagrams in the Globe's Architecture
• The Pentagrams in the Kernel of the PIE-Dictionary
• Gebeitelde woorden (Over de indrukwekkendheid en harmonie van de woordenschat)
(24.4.2021)
• The Reconstruction of a PIE-Language's Core
• Een reconstructie van de Dutche woordenschat
• The Secrets of the 2-Dimensional Alphabets
• A Self-Repair System for Languages (9.4.2021)
• Het MINOS Project
• An Etymology for the Pentagrams
• The Purpose of Chilperic's Additional Letters (30.3.2021)
• De etymologie van de woorden “Bazin” en „Baas“
• Het alfabetische pentagram (Het verhaal van de taal)
• A Theory of Hierarchical Alphabets
• The Role of the Pentagrams for the Merovingian Kingdom
• De rol van de bijen (of cicaden) uit het koningsgraf van Childerik I
• A New Chapter to the Philosophy of Language
• Overview of the Alphabetic Arrays (14.2.2021)
• Bericht over de analyse van een reeks alfabetten
• The Arrays (and the Presumed Theonym TIEU) of the Ogham Signary (11.02.2021)
• How to Read the Theonym „TIWÆS“ in the Runic „Futhark"-Signary... (30.01.2021)
• The Pentagrams in the Name-giving of the Runes
• De etymologie van de namen Diaus, Dieus en Djous
• The Etymology of the Words Diaus, Dieus and Djous ... (Scribd)
• The Evidence of Perfect Pentagrams in Greek, Roman...
• The Evidence of Perfect and Imperfect Pentagrams
• De woordenlijsten der perfecte en imperfecte pentagrammen

January – December 2020

• Verbale echo's in de Europese talen – Over de naamgeving van de Frankenkoningen (Dutch)
• Patterns of the European Languages
• Another View on the Design of the Frankish Language
• The Generation of Perfect Pentagrams (Like LIBER, FRANK and DYAUS)
• The Naming Convention for Kings in Francia
• Over de naamgeving voor de goden en vorsten van het Frankenrijk
• Hoe de adelgeslachten met de namen Franken, Willem en Lodewijk de onsterfelijkheid
konden pachten
• The Nomenclature of the Sky-Gods - How the Royals achieved Immortality - (Scribd)

27 https://independent.academia.edu/JoannesRichter, respectively https://independent.academia.edu/richterJoannes

• Standardizing the Signaries - The Encryption and Decryption of alphabets (Scribd)
• Another View on the Sefer Yetzirah (Scribd)
• Alphabets With Integrated Dictionaries (Scribd)
◦ The Quantization of the Ugaritic Alphabet (Scribd)
◦ De architectuur van het Oegaritische alfabet (Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Table for Ugaritic Signaries as a Root for the Sky-god Dyaus and the
Personal Pronouns for the 1st Person Singular and Dual Form
◦ Periodic Tables for the Gaelic (Irish and Scottish) alphabets (Scribd)
• Did the Word „Deus“ Exist in the Archaic Alphabets (Scribd)
◦ Periodic Tables for the Euboean and Etruscan Alphabets (Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Table for the Greek Alphabet
◦ Periodic Tables for the Upper and Lower Sorbian Alphabets
◦ Overview of the Periodic Tables of the Sami Languages
◦ Eight Periodic Tables for the Sámi Languages
• Het hart van de Dutche taal
◦ Periodic Tables for the Sami Alphabets
◦ A Periodic Table for the Dutch Language
◦ Periodic Tables for the Dalecarlian Runes and the Elfdalian Alphabet (Scribd)
• The Hierarchical Structure of the Hebrew Alphabet (Scribd)
• De hiërarchische structuur van het Hebreeuwse alfabet (Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Table for the Phoenician and Hebrew Alpabet (Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Table for the Icelandic Alphabet (Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Table for the Coptic Alphabet (Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Table for the Cyrillic Alphabet (Scribd)
• The Impact of Ternary Coding Systems (Scribd)
• A Pedigree for Alphabets (Scribd)
• The Composition of the European Alphabets (Scribd)
• The Letter Repositioning in the Greek and Latin Alphabets
• Unstably Classified Letters in Alphabets (Scribd)
• Notes on the Common Architecture of Alphabetical Structures (Academia.edu)
◦ A Periodic Table for PIE-Alphabets
◦ A Periodic Classification for the Gothic Alphabet (obsolete, Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Classification for the Futhark-Alphabets (obsolete, Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Classification for the Latin Alphabet (obsolete, Scribd)
• The Model of a Language as a Communication Link (Scribd)
• The Roots of the Indo-European Alphabets (12.5.2020)
• Samenvatting van "The Alphabet as an Elementary Document"
• The Alphabet as an Elementary Document
• The Origin of the Name Dyaus
• De oorsprong van de naam Diaus
• The History of Designing an Alphabet (Scribd)
• Een architectuur voor de PIE-talen (Scribd)
• An Architecture for the PIE-Languages
• A Suggested Restoration of the 'Futhark'-Sequence (Scribd)
• The Composition of the Sky- God's Name in PIE-Languages
• The Ternary Codes in Language and Creation (Scribd)
• The Role of Saussure's Letter "E"
• The Optimal Number of Vowels in Languages (Scribd)
 • A Ternary Encoding to Optimize Communications and Cooperation
• A Golden Box to Control the Lightnings
• The Ancient Lightning Rods around the Mediterranean Sea
• Die ältesten Blitz(ab)leiter am Mittelmeer (Scribd)
• Pyramids in the Role as Power Plants
• Piramides als energiecentrales (Scribd)
• The Role of the Pyramids in Melting Glass and Meta... (Scribd)
• The Egyptian Drilling Technology (Scribd)
• The Architecture of the Younger Futhark Alphabet

January – December 2019

• The Sources for the IΩ- Pronouns
• Notes to Herodotus' Histories of IΩ, Europa and Medea
• The Role of Irrigation and Drainage in a Successful Civilisation
• De rol van de irrigatie en drainage in een succesv... (Scribd)
• Notes to Frazer's "Pausanias's Description of Greece"
• The Initials of European Philosophy
• Atlantis vormde 3400 jaar geleden een Helleens Delta-project
• The War against Atlantis
• The "Ego"-Root inside the Name "Thebes"
• The Role of the AEtts in the Futharc Alpabet
• The Reconstruction of a European Philosophy
• Traces of an old religion (The Root "Wit" in Wittekind)
• Woden (Wuþ) as the Designer and Author of the Futhark Alphabet
• Is the Core "Wut" in "Wutach" symbolizing "Wutan" ("Woden")
• The Bipolar Core of Germanic Languages
• Simon Stevin's Redefinition of Scientific Arts
• Simon Stevin's definitie van wetenschappelijk onderz
• De etymologie van de woorden met Wit-, Wita en Witan-kernen
• The "Vit"-Roots in the Anglo-Saxon Pedigree
• The Traces of "Wit" in Saxony
• King Chilperic I's letters (ΔΘZΨ) may be found at the beginning ("Futha") of the runic
alphabet and at the end (WIJZAE) of the Danish alphabet
• Aan het slot (WIJZAE) van het Deense alfabet en aan het begin ("Futha") van het
runenalfabet bevinden zich de letters (ΔΘZΨ) van koning Chilperic I
• The Role of the Ligature AE in the European Creation Legend
• A Concept for a Runic Dictionary
• Concentrating the Runes in the Runic Alphabets
• Traces of Vit, Rod and Chrodo
• De sleutelwoorden van het Futhark alfabet
• The Keywords of the Futhark Alphabet
• Het runenboek met het unieke woord Tiw
• A short Essay about the Evolution of European Personal Pronouns
• The Evolution of the European Personal Pronouns
• De miraculeuze transformatie van de Europese samenleving
• The Miraculous Transformation of European Civilization
• The Duality in Greek and Germanic Philosophy
• Bericht van de altaarschellist over de Lof der Zotheid
• De bronnen van Brabant (de Helleputten aan de Brabantse breuklijnen)
 • De fundamenten van de samenleving
• De rol van de waterbronnen bij de kerstening van Nederland
• De etymologie van "wijst" en "wijstgrond"
• The Antipodes Mith and With
• The Role of the Dual Form in the Evolution of European Languages
• De rol van de dualis in de ontwikkeling der Europese talen
• The Search for Traces of a Dual Form in Quebec French
• Synthese van de Germanistische & Griekse mythologie en etymologie
• De restanten van de dualis in het Dutch, English en German
• Notes to the Corner Wedge in the Ugaritic Alphabet
• The Origin of the long IJ-symbol in the Dutch alphabet
• Over de oorsprong van de „lange IJ“ in het Dutche alfabet
• The Backbones of the Alphabets
• The Alphabet and and the Symbolic Structure of Europe
• The Unseen Words in the Runic Alphabet
• De ongelezen woorden in het runenalfabet
• The Role of the Vowels in Personal Pronouns of the 1st Person Singular
• Over de volgorde van de klinkers in woorden en in godennamen
• The Creation Legends of Hesiod and Ovid
• De taal van Adam en Eva (published: ca. 2.2.2019)

January – December 2018

• King Chilperic's 4 Letters and the Alphabet's Adaptation
• De 4 letters van koning Chilperic I en de aanpassing van het Frankenalfabet
• The Symbolism of Hair Braids and Bonnets in Magical Powers
• The Antipodes in PIE-Languages
• In het Dutch, German en English is de dualis nog lang niet uitgestorven
• In English, Dutch and German the dual form is still alive
• The Descendants of the Dual Form " Wit "
• A Structured Etymology for Germanic, Slavic and Romance Languages
• The “Rod”-Core in Slavic Etymology (published: ca. 27.11.2018)
• Encoding and decoding the runic alphabet
• Über die Evolution der Sprachen
• Over het ontwerpen van talen
• The Art of Designing Languages
• Notes to the usage of the Spanish words Nos and Vos, Nosotros and Vosotros
• Notes to the Dual Form and the Nous-Concept in the Inari Sami language
• Over het filosofische Nous-concept
• Notes to the Philosophical Nous-Concept
• The Common Root for European Religions (published: ca. 27.10.2018)
• A Scenario for the Medieval Christianization of a Pagan Culture
• Een scenario voor de middeleeuwse kerstening van een heidens volk
• The Role of the Slavic gods Rod and Vid in the Futhorc-alphabet
• The Unification of Medieval Europe
• The Divergence of Germanic Religions
• De correlatie tussen de dualis, Vut, Svantevit en de Sint-Vituskerken
• The Correlation between Dual Forms, Vut, Svantevit and the Saint Vitus Churches
• Die Rekonstruktion der Lage des Drususkanals (published: ca. 27.9.2018)
• Die Entzifferung der Symbolik einer Runenreihe
• Deciphering the Symbolism in Runic Alphabets
• The Sky-God, Adam and the Personal Pronouns
• Notities rond het boek Tiw (Published ca. 6.2.2018)
• Notes to the book TIW
• Von den Völkern, die nach dem Futhark benannt worden sind
• Designing an Alphabet for the Runes
• Die Wörter innerhalb der „Futhark“-Reihe
• The hidden Symbolism of European Alphabets
• Etymology, Religions and Myths
• The Symbolism of the Yampoos and Wampoos in Poe's “Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym
from Nantucket”
• Notizen zu " Über den Dualis " und " Gesammelte sprachwissenschaftliche Schriften "
• Ϝut - Het Dutche sleutelwoord
• Concepts for the Dual Forms
• The etymology of the Greek dual form νώ (νῶϊ)
• Proceedings in the Ego-pronouns' Etymology
• Notities bij „De godsdiensten der volken“
• The Role of *Teiwaz and *Dyeus in Filosofy
• A Linguistic Control of Egotism
• The Design of the Futhark Alphabet
• An Architecture for the Runic Alphabets
• The Celtic Hair Bonnets (Published Jun 24, 2018)
• Die keltische Haarhauben
• De sculpturen van de Walterich-kapel te Murrhardt
• The rediscovery of a lost symbolism
• Het herontdekken van een vergeten symbolisme
• De god met de twee gezichten
• The 3-faced sculpture at Michael's Church in Forchtenberg
• Over de woorden en namen, die eeuwenlang bewaard gebleven zijn
• De zeven Planeten in zeven Brabantse plaatsnamen
• Analysis of the Futhorc-Header
• The Gods in the Days of the Week and inside the Futhor-alphabet
• Een reconstructie van de Dutche scheppingslegende
• The Symbolism in Roman Numerals
• The Keywords in the Alphabets Notes to the Futharc's Symbolism
• The Mechanisms for Depositing Loess in the Netherlands
• Over het ontstaan van de Halserug, de Heelwegen en Heilwegen in de windschaduw van de
Veluwe
• Investigations of the Rue d'Enfer-Markers in France
• Die Entwicklung des französischen Hellwegs ( " Rue d'Enfer "
• De oorsprong van de Heelwegen op de Halserug, bij Dinxperlo en Beltrum
• The Reconstruction of the Gothic Alphabet's Design
• Von der Entstehungsphase eines Hellwegs in Dinxperlo-Bocholt
• Over de etymologie van de Hel-namen (Heelweg, Hellweg, Helle..) in Nederland
• Recapitulatie van de projecten Ego-Pronomina, Futhark en Hellweg
• Over het ontstaan en de ondergang van het Futhark-alfabet
• Die Etymologie der Wörter Hellweg, Heelweg, Rue d'Enfer, Rue de l'Enfer und Santerre
 • The Etymology of the Words Hellweg, Rue d'Enfer and Santerre
• The Decoding of the Kylver Stone' Runes
• The Digamma-Joker of the Futhark
• The Kernel of the Futhorc Languages
• De kern van de Futhark-talen
• Der Kern der Futhark-Sprachen
• De symboolkern IE van het Dutch
• Notes to Guy Deutscher's "Through the Language Glass"
• Another Sight on the Unfolding of Language (Published 1 maart, 2018)

January – December 2017

• Notes to the Finnish linguistic symbolism of the sky-god's name and the days of the week
• A modified Swadesh List (Published 12 / 17 / 2017)
• A Paradise Made of Words
• The Sky-God Names and the Correlating Personal Pronouns
• The Nuclear Pillars of Symbolism (Published 10 / 28 / 2017)
• The Role of the Dual Form in Symbolism and Linguistics (Oct 17, 2017)
• The Correlation between the Central European Loess Belt, the Hellweg-Markers and the
Main Isoglosses
• The Central Symbolic Core of Provencal Language (Oct 7, 2017)

December 2011
• The Hermetic Codex II - Bipolar Monotheism (Scribd)