Chapter 11 SAFMEDS

Term or Phrase Full Definition

Response behavior is immediately followed by
Positive Reinforcement presentation of a stimulus change that # future frequency
of the behavior & similar response behaviors
Stimulus presented as a consequence & is responsible for
Reinforcer
the subsequent # in responding
Rule Verbal statement of an A-B-C contingency
Behavior controlled by a rule that enables human behavior
Rule-Governed Behavior to come under the indirect control of temporarily remote
or improbable, but potentially significant, consequences
An individual learns to demonstrate response(s) MORE in
What is “stimulus”
the presence of the discriminative stimulus rather than in
control?
its absence.
Three-Term SD (discriminative stimulus) " R (response) " SR+ " # future
Contingency of Positive frequency of the response, and similar responses, in the
Reinforcement presence of the SD
1) Establishing Operation (EO) – # current effectiveness
What are the 2 forms of of a reinforcer
motivating operations? 2) Abolishing Operation (AO) – $ current effectiveness of
a reinforcer
Establishing Operation (EO) (#momentary effectiveness of
a stimulus change as a reinforcer) " SD " R " SR+ " # future
Four-Term Contingency
frequency of the response, & similar responses, under
similar conditions
Reinforcer effectiveness
goes ___ with # levels of
deprivation & goes ___ Up (#); Down ($)
with $ levels of
satisfaction.
For reinforcement to occur, an individual need not
Automaticity of understand or verbalize the relation between their actions
Reinforcement & a reinforcing consequence, nor does the individual need
to be aware that a consequence has occurred
What are the 2 meanings 1) Determined by the absence of social mediation
Applied Behavior 2) Assumed to be the controlling variable WHEN
Analysts use to define behavior persists in the absence of ANY known
automatic reinforcer
reinforcement?
Stimulus change that functions as a reinforcement
Unconditioned procedure even though the learner has no particular
Reinforcer learning history with it (e.g., food, water, oxygen, warmth,
sexual stimulation; phylogeny)
Previously neutral stimulus change that has acquired the
Conditioned Reinforcer capability to function as a reinforcer via stimulus-stimulus
pairing with 1+ unconditioned or conditioned reinforcers
Reinforcement-based system capable of improving
multiple behaviors of multiple participants; participants
Token Economy
receive tokens contingent on a variety of specified target
behaviors
Edible
Reinforcers are typically
Sensory
classified as _____,
Tangible
______, _____, _____,
Activity; OR
or _____.
Social
Making the opportunity to engage in a behavior that
occurs at a relatively high baseline rate contingent on the
Premack Principle
occurrence of low-frequency behavior will function as
reinforcement for the low-occurrence behavior.
Across a series of trials, stimuli are presented 1 at a
Single-Stimulus (SS) time. Approach responses are recorded. Preference
Assessment hierarchies are established by calculating the percentage
of approach response per stimulus.
Across a series of trials, stimuli are presented 2 at a
time; individuals can approach only 1 item on a trial.
Paired-Stimulus (PS) Approach responses are recorded. Preference hierarchies
are established by calculating the percentage of approach
response per stimulus.
At the start of each session, multiple stimuli are placed in
front of the individual, who can select 1. Approach
responses are recorded. The selected item is NOT
Multiple-Stimulus- replaced, & positions of remaining stimuli are changed.
Without-Replacement Then, individual selects from the remaining items.
(MSWO) Continue in this manner until all items have been selected
OR until individual stops selecting items. Preference
hierarchies are established by calculating the percentage
of approach response per stimulus across all sessions.
 Multiple stimuli are placed on a tabletop, & participants
are free to engage with any of the items for 5min. Duration
Brief Free Operant (FO) of engagement with each object is measured. Preference
hierarchies are established by ranking items according to
the duration of object manipulation per stimulus.
1) Reversal design using withdrawal of the reinforcement
What 4 conditions can contingency as the control condition
be used as control 2) Noncontingent Reinforcement (NCR)
conditions for 3) Differential Reinforcement of other behavior (DRO)
reinforcement? 4) Differential Reinforcement of alternative behavior
(DRA)