The BIM Dimensions

Learning Objectives
– Following this lesson you will be able to
explain the industry adopted model
dimensions (2D, 3D, 4D, 5D, 6D)
BIM – How Many Dimensions (D’s)?
Hopefully everyone is familiar with the concept of 2D
line modelling.
2D - Two dimensional line work (Drafting)
– Typically, 2D modelling involves using computer
generated drafted lines to represent an
object such as the wall shown
– An example of this is the diagram to the right;
At this point however, it isn’t a wall it is a
rectangle filled with patterns which is
recognised as a wall
 – It is worth noting that traditional drawings are 2D
so this is not an exclusive BIM term
3D - Three dimensional (Object Models)
– Following further industry developments,
following the advent of 3D object modelling,
instead of using lines, we now have 3D objects.
– As part of this process the objects each have data
attached
– From the attached data you can define its height,
width, depth and even apply specification
information
– The data can be exist as part of the model or be
referenced from another database or other source
and referenced to the model

4D - Time (Construction programming)

– In construction, when we talk about the 4th
dimension, we typically refer to time
– Typically this stage involves integrating the project
program with the 3D model
 – This can be done either by including constructed
and demolished program information or assigning
it through additional software
– It is worth noting that Traditional project
programmes are an example of 4D

5D - Cost (£/$/€/¥)
– Typically, 5D involves the use of additional
software in order to complete take-offs and apply
additional costs
– However, to carry out effective 5D modelling there
are also complex requirements and modelling
techniques to enable effective cost take-offs
– A traditional cost estimate is an example of 5D. It
is also worth noting these dimensions are not
sequential and a 5D object may not include any
forwardee data