Data Comms Compiled Questions

1. Why is Congestion Control necessary in Frame Relay?
a. because there's no error and flow control

b. Because of the high or faster speed of data transfer
c. both a and b
d. None of the above
Answer: c. both a and b
2. What are the layers present in Frame Relay

a. Physical Layer
b. Data Link Layer
c. Network Layer
d. Application Layer
Answer: Physical and Data Link Layer
3. It is the keepalives of the Frame Relay

a. Local Management Interface (LMI)
b. Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI)
c. Frame Relay Switch
d. Access Link
Answer: A. Local Management Interface (LMI)
4. It gives Frame Relay services/access and can also terminate that access
a. Frame Relay Switch
b. Access Link
c. Local Management Interface (LMI)
d. Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI)
Answer: A. Frame Relay Switch
5. A Virtual Circuit that is always available

a. Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC)
b. Switched Virtual Circuit (CVC)
c. Both a and b
Answer: A. Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC)

6. An operational state of SVC/PVC where it is active but no data transferred
a. Idle
b. Data transfer
c. Call termination
d. none of the above
Answer: A. Idle
7. It is owned by the service provider

a. Frame Relay Network
b. Routers
c. Permanent Virtual Circuit
Answer: A. Frame Relay Network
8. It is the logical connection between DTEs

a. Virtual Circuit
b. Idle
c. Partial Mesh
d. Full Mesh
Answer: A. Virtual Circuit
9. What are the two types of virtual circuits?

a. PVC (PERMANENT VIRTUAL CIRCUIT) and SVC (SWITCHED VIRTUAL CIRCUIT)
b. PVC (Primary Virtual Circuit) and SVC (Secondary Virtual Circuit)
c. PVC (Private Virtual Circuit) and PVC (Public Virtual Circuit)
d. None of the above.
Answer: A. PVC (PERMANENT VIRTUAL CIRCUIT) and SVC (SWITCHED VIRTUAL CIRCUIT)
10. PVC has _ operational states

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
Answer: B. 2
11. SVC has _ operational states

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4.
Answer: D. 4
12. In FULL MESH, how many DTEs are connected by PVCs?

a. 1
b. none
c. only some
d. all
Answer: D. all
13. In PARTIAL MESH, how many DTEs are connected by PVCs?

a. 1
b. none
c. only some
d. all
Answer: C. only some
14. What is Committed Information Rate (CIR)?

a. Bandwidth guaranteed by an internet service provider.
b. Data is transmitted
c. Active but no data transferred
d. Logical connection between DTEs
Answer: A. Bandwidth guaranteed by an internet service provider.
15. It is used when FECN or BECN does not work to control congestion.
a. Discard Eligibility
b. Frame Relay
c. Frame Check Sequence
d. Cyclic Redundancy Check
Answer: A. Discard Eligibility

16. It is an error checking field
b. Frame Relay
d. Forward Explicit Congestion Notification
Answer: C. Frame Check Sequence
17. It is decided by the bandwidth of the channel that means it is the maximum rate of introduction
packet.
a. Access Rate
b. Committed Burst Size Bc
c. Committed Information rate
d. Excess Burst Size Be
Answer: A. Access Rate
18. It is the maximum number of bits in a predetermined period.

a. Access Rate
Answer: B. Committed Burst Size Bc
19. It tells the destination that the delivered frame traversed a congested virtual circuit.
a. Forward Explicit Congestion Control (FECN)
b. Backward Explicit Congestion Control (BECN)
Answer: A. Forward Explicit Congestion Control (FECN)
20. It tells the source that the frame experienced congestion when it was sent across the network.
Answer: B. Backward Explicit Congestion Control (BECN)

21. Widely used protocols Kermit
a. Kermit
b. Blast
c. Zmodem
22. Combination of x and y modem Zmodem
a. Zmodem
b. Kermit
c. Blast
23. Similar to xmodem but can operate in full duplex. Kermit
a. Kermit
b. Ymodem
c. Zmodem
24. Who developed xmodem? Ward Christiansen
a. Chuck Forsberg
b. Ward Christiansen
c. Samuel Morse
25. What is the meaning of ACK? ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
a. Negative Acknowledgment
b. Acknowledgment
c. Cancel
26. What is the meaning of NAK? NEGATIVE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
b. Acknowledgment
c. Cancel
27. What is the meaning of CAN? CANCEL
b. Cancel
c. Acknowledgment
28. Commonly used to facilitate communications between two personal computers over the
public switched telephone network. XMODEM AND YMODEM
a. Xmodem and Zmodem
b. Xmodem and Ymodem
c. Ymodem and Zmodem
29. A protocol intended for low-speed applications. XMODEM

a. Kermit
b. Xmodem
c. Ymodem
30. What comprises the Header field? SEQUENCE NUMBER AND ONES COMPLEMENT
a. 1’s Complement
b. Sequence Number
c. Both a and b
31. Signals sent to sender. ACK, NAK, CAN
a. ACK, NAK, CAN
b. ACK, NAK
c. NAK, CAN
32. The information field has a maximum capacity of 1024 bytes. YMODEM
a. Xmodem
b. Ymodem
c. Zmodem
33. Multiple frames can be sent in succession and then acknowledged with a single ACK or
NAK character. YMODEM
a. Xmodem
b. Ymodem
c. Zmodem
34. - Provides faster data transfer rates and better error detection. ZMODEM
a. Xmodem
b. Ymodem
c. Zmodem
35. Can also be used between a PC and a mainframe or host computer. XMODEM
a. Xmodem
b. Ymodem
c. Zmodem
36. Sends data bytes between the sender and receiver by packaging the data in an
envelope. ASYNCHRONOUS DATA-LINK PROTOCOL
a. Asynchronous data-link protocol
b. Synchronous data-link protocol
c. Character - oriented protocols
37. Maximum information capacity of Ymodem. 1024 BYTES
a. 1024 bytes
b. 128 bytes
c. 255 bytes
38. Who developed Ymodem? Chuck Forsberg

d. Chuck Forsberg
e. Ward Christiansen
f. Samuel Morse
39. The Asynchronous Data-Link protocol makes use of “__________” bits in sending and
receiving data. START AND STOP
a. Start
b. Stop
c. Both a and b
40. This protocol is more powerful than XMODEM because it makes use of a Full-Duplex
Communication. BLAST
a. BLAST
b. Kermit
c. YMODEM
SDLC:
1. The transparency mechanism used with SDLC.
A. Both B and D
B. Zero Stuffing
C. Both B and E
D. Zero-bit Insertion
E. Zero Transparency
2. It is used to achieve character synchronization in SDLC.
A. Flag Field
B. Control Field
C. Frame Check Character
D. Information Field
3. A command that places a secondary station in the normal disconnect mode.
A. Disconnect Mode (DM)
B. Request Disconnect (RD)
C. Disconnect (DISC)
D. Frame Reject (FRMR)
4. A flag followed by 8 consecutive logic 0s.
A. Message Abort
B. Invert-on-zero Coding
C. Go-ahead Sequence
D. Turnaround Sequence
5. Any occurrence of seven to 14 consecutive logic 1s.
A. Message Abort
6. A flag followed by 8 consecutive logic 1s.
A. Message Abort
7. A command that places a secondary station into the initialization mode.
A. Set Normal Response Mode
B. Set Initialization Mode
C. Exchange Station Identification
D. Unnumbered Information
8. It contains the error detection mechanism.
A. Flag Field
B. Control Field
C. Frame Check Character
D. Information Field
9. A subcommand that causes the secondary receiving it to turn on (00000001) or turn
off (00000000) its carrier.
A. Monitor Mode
B. Wrap
C. Self Test
D. Beacon Test
10. It can transmit only in response to a frame received with the P bit set.
A. Initialization Mode
B. Normal Response Mode
C. Normal Disconnect Mode
D. Both B and D
For numbers 11-13
11. Binary Configuration of SNRM
A. 100P0011
B. 100F0111
C. 101F0011
D. 101P0111
12. Does it resets ns and nr?
A. Yes
B. No
13. Is information field prohibited?
A. Yes
B. No
14. If we get six 1s, is it not a valid flag?
A. Yes
B. No
15. How many characters are there in the data frame of an SDLC?
A. 253
B. 254
C. 255
D. 256
16. Determine the bit pattern for the control field of an information frame sent from a
secondary station to the primary for the following conditions:
a. Secondary is sending information frame 6
b. Secondary is not sending its final frame
c. Secondary is confirming correct reception of frames 3 and 4 from the primary
Answer: 10101100
17. Determine the bit pattern for the control field of an information frame sent from the
primary to a secondary station for the following conditions:
a. Primary is sending information frame 4
b. Primary is polling the secondary
c. Primary is confirming correct reception of frames 2, 3, and 4 from the secondary
Answer: 10111000
18. Determine the bit pattern for the control field of a supervisory frame sent from a secondary
station to the primary for the following conditions:
a. Secondary is ready to receive
b. It is a final frame
c. Secondary station is confirming correct reception of frames 3, 4, and 5
Answer: 11010001
a. Secondary is ready not to receive
b. It is not a final frame
c. Secondary station is confirming correct reception of frames 1, 2, and 3
Answer: 10000101
a. Secondary is rejected
b. It is not a final frame
c. Secondary station is conveying correct reception of frames 3, 4, and 5
d. Secondary is conveying that frame 6 is in error
Answer: 11001001
HDLC
1. Is an unbalanced configuration in which only the primary terminal may initiate data transfer.
a. Asynchronous Response Mode

b. Normal Response Mode
c. Asynchronous Balanced Mode
d. Normal Disconnected Mode
2. Which of the following is not an operational mode?
3. Used with a balanced configuration. Either combined station may initiate transmission without
receiving permission from the other combined station.
4. In asynchronous Response Mode (ARM) The secondary station does not have to wait to
receive explicit permission from ____________ to transfer any frames.
a. Primary Station
b. Secondary Station
c. Any Station
d. Combined Stations
5. Opposite state of Asynchronous Balanced Mode.
c. Asynchronous Disconnect Mode.

6. It's an unbalanced configuration in which secondary terminals may transmit without

permission from the primary terminal.
7. A bit-oriented protocol and also known as the superset of SDLC.
a. Synchronous Data Link Control
b. Data Link Control
c. High-level data-link control
d. Link Access Procedure-Balanced
8. A standard that defines the frame structure, delimiting sequence, transparency mechanism, and
error-detection method used with HDLC.
a. ISO 3309
b. ISO 4335
c. ISO 7809
d. ISO 9091
9. Type of station in HDLC responsible for controlling all other stations on the link.
a. Primary Station
c. Combined Station
d. Control Station
10. A configuration in an HDLC link consists of a primary station and one or more secondary
stations.
a. Balanced Configuration
b. Unbalanced Configuration
c. Symmetrical Configuration
d. Asymmetrical Configuration
11. The station in HDLC which is under the control of the primary station.
a. Primary Station
c. Combined Station
d. Control Station
12. The _________ configuration in an HDLC link consists of two or more combined stations.
Each of the stations has equal and complimentary responsibility compared to each other.
a. Balanced Configuration
b. Unbalanced Configuration
c. Symmetrical Configuration
d. Asymmetrical Configuration
13. What is the station in HDLC that is able to send and receive commands and responses
without any permission from any other stations on the link?
a. Primary Station
c. Combined Station
d. Control Station
14. The main feature of HDLC protocol
a. to delineate the various fields of a message and to control the required protocol
functions
b. opens and closes each message frame with start-frame and stop-frame characters
c. a protocol governs: line control, framing, error control, and sequence control.
15. What frame format has no sequence numbers included?
a. I-frame
b. S-frame
c. U-frame
d. C-frame
16. The flag character is a byte with the value of
a. 01111100
b. 01101110
c. 01111110
d. 00111111
17. If the least-significant bit of the address field bit is a logical 1, the following byte is an
extension of the address field.
a. True
b. False
18. This ensures that HDLC data is transparent?
a. Flag
b. C-frame
c. Bit stuffing
d. Control
19. HDLC puts no restrictions whatsoever on the nature of the data carried across the link.
a. True
b. False
20. In the body of the frame, the transmitter will insert a 0 bit after each sequence of five
consecutive 1s. What is this technique?
a. Deletion
b. Zero insertion
c. Bit stuffing
d. All of the above
X Series
1. X – SERIES is developed by:

a. IETF
b. ITU - T
c. IEEE
d. ANSI
2. TRUE OR FALSE: ITU – T recommendations are not mandated unless acquired by
national law. a. TRUE
b. FALSE
3. It is a standard for public data networks which means providing data transmission to the
public.
a. X - series
b. I - series
c. V – series
d. Q – series
4. A category of X – series that deals with services and facilities, terminals, and interfaces.
a. X.1 – X.50
b. X.50 – X.100
c. X.1 – X.39
d. X.40 – X.199
5. It is an X – series standard that has a title of: International user classes of service in, and
categories of access to, public data networks and Integrated Services Digital Networks
(ISDNs). a. X.2
b. X.25
c. X.20
d. X.1
6. It is an X – series standard that has a title of: International data transmission services and
optional user facilities in public data networks. a. X.2
b. X.25
c. X.20
d. X.1
7. This provides DTE/DCE interface to facilitate access to the public data network from the
public telephone network, circuit-switched public data networks and leased circuits. a.
X.75
b. X.29
c. X.121
d. X.28
8. This provides procedures to facilitate international interworking between PADs or

between a PAD and a packet mode DTE. a. X.75
b. X.29
c. X.121
d. X.28
9. This describes a packet-switched signaling system between public networks providing

data transmission services. a. X.75
b. X.29
c. X.121
d. X.28
10. This Recommendation defines the design, characteristics and application of the
Numbering Plan for Public Data Networks. a. X.75
b. X.29
c. X.121
d. X.28
11. This developed in order to facilitate the operation of public data networks and provide
for their interworking on a worldwide basis.
a. International Numbering Plan for Public Data Networks
b. International Telecommunication Union
c. International Standard Organization
d. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
12. The numbering plan allows for the identification of a country as well as a specific public
data network in that country thru ___ and ____. a. Data networking and coding
b. Data Country Codes and Data Network Identification Codes
c. Data transmission and Data Network
d. Data Country Network and Data transmission
13. X.29 facilitates between PADs or between PAD and a _____.

a. DTE
b. Packet Mode DTE
c. Network
d. segment
14. This is a recommendation used for packet assembly/disassembly facility or PAD in a

public data network.
A.) X.1 B.) X.2 C.) X.3 D.) X.4
15. This is a recommendation that allows the use of V.24/V.28 for use on public data
networks of DTE designed for interfacing to asynchronous full-duplex V-series modems.
A.) X.19bis B.) X.20bis C.) X.21bis D.) X.22bis
16. This is a recommendation that allows the use of V.24/V.28 for use on public data
networks of DTE designed for interfacing to synchronous full-duplex V-series modems.
17. ___________ is found normally on a 15-pin D-Sub connector and is capable of running
full-duplex data transmissions.
18. This recommendation is the interface between DTE and DCE for terminals operating in
the packet mode on public data networks.
A.) X.19 B.) X.21 C.) X.23 D.) X.25
19. It was originally defined by the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative
Committee in early 1970s and finalized in a publication known as the Orange Book in
1976.
A.) X.19 B.) X.21 C.) X.23 D.) X.25

X.25
1. These are switches that compose the bulk of the carrier’s network
a. Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)
b. Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment (DCE)
c. Packet Switching Exchange (PSE)
d. Packet Assembler/Disassembler (PAD)
ANSWER: c
2. Located between the DCE and DTE in a x.25 network that performs buffering, packet
assembly and disassembly.
a. Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)
b. Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment (DCE)
c. Packet Switching Exchange (PSE)
d. Packet Assembler/Disassembler (PAD)
ANSWER: d
3. Protocol used at the data-link level of x.25

a. Linking Access Procedure Balanced
b. Link Accessing Procedure Balanced
c. Link Access Procedures Balanced
d. Link Access Procedure Balanced
ANSWER: d
4. A command or response in that means “receiver not ready”

a. RNR
b. RR
c. REJ
d. DISC
ANSWER: a
5. A command or response in LAPB that means “receiver ready”

a. RNR
b. RR
c. REJ
d. DISC
ANSWER: b
6. A command in LAPB that simply means “disconnect”

a. RNR
b. RR
c. REJ
d. DISC
ANSWER: d
7. A command or response in LAPB that simply means “reject”

a. RNR
b. RR
c. REJ
d. DISC
ANSWER: c
8. It is a logically equivalent to a two-point dedicated private-line circuit except slower.
a. Switched Virtual Circuit

b. Permanent Virtual Circuit
c. Datagram
d. Both A and B
ANSWER: b
9. This is a packet format with 12-bit binary number that identifies the source and the
destination users for a given virtual call.
a. Facilities Field
b. Format Identifier
c. Protocol Identifier
d. Logical Channel Identifier
ANSWER: d
10. How many user data bits does X.25 data transfer packet format have?
a. 96 bits
b. 258 bits
c. 1024 bits
d. 1020 bits
ANSWER: c
11. It is a temporary and exists as a logical entity only for the duration of the call.
a. Datagram
b. Switched Virtual Circuit
d. Short Virtual Circuit
ANSWER: b
12. What are the three switching services offered by the X.25 switched network?
a. Physical Virtual Circuit, Short Virtual Circuit, Datagram

b. Permanent Virtual Circuit, Short Virtual Circuit, Datagram
c. Permanent Virtual Circuit, Switched Virtual Circuit, Datagram
ANSWER: c
13. Datagram is also called?
a. Single-packet-per-Segment Protocol
b. Multi-packet-per-Segment Protocol
c. Single-packet-per-Bundle Protocol
ANSWER: a
14. When was Consultative Committee for International Telephony and Telegraphy
established?
a. 1976
b. 1865
c. 1956
d. 1986
ANSWER: c
15. When was CCITT designate the X.25 user interface as the international standard for
packet network access?
a. 1976
b. 1865
c. 1956
d. 1986
ANSWER: a
16. In this layer it is basically concerned with electrical or mechanical Characteristics.

a. Packet/Network layer
b. Transport layer
c. Frame/data link layer
d. Physical layer
ANSWER: d
17. This agency is built to standardize the telegraph networks.

a. ITU (International Telegraph Union)
b. CCITT (Consultive Committee for International Telephony)
c. NTC (National Telecommunications Commission)
d. PLDT (Philippine Long Distance Company)
ANSWER: a
18. Protocol that is being used in some ATMs and credit card verification networks now a
days.
a. X.26
b. X.21
c. X.27
d. X.25
ANSWER: d
19. When was ITU (International Telegraph Union) erected?

a. 1998
b. 1865
c. 1956
d. 1986
ANSWER: b
20. In this protocol it addresses only the physical, data-link, and network layers in the ISO
seven-layer model.
a. X.26
b. X.21
c. X.27
d. X.25
ANSWER: d
20. It provides a synchronous data transmission at rates from 600 bit/s to 10 Mbit/s.
FRAME RELAY
1. Why is Congestion Control necessary in Frame Relay?
a. because there's no error and flow control
b. Because of the high or faster speed of data transfer
c. both a and b
Answer: c. both a and b
2. What are the layers present in Frame Relay?

a. Physical Layer
b. Data Link Layer
c. Network Layer
d. Application Layer
Answer: Physical and Data Link Layer
3. It is the keepalives of the Frame Relay

a. Local Management Interface (LMI)
b. Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI)
c. Frame Relay Switch
d. Access Link
Answer: A. Local Management Interface (LMI)
4. It gives Frame Relay services/access and can also terminate that access
a. Frame Relay Switch
b. Access Link
c. Local Management Interface (LMI)
d. Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI)
Answer: A. Frame Relay Switch
5. A Virtual Circuit that is always available

a. Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC)
b. Switched Virtual Circuit (CVC)
c. Both a and b
Answer: A. Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC)
6. An operational state of SVC/PVC where it is active but no data transferred

a. Idle
b. Data transfer
c. Call termination
Answer: A. Idle
21. It is owned by the service provider

a. Frame Relay Network
b. Routers
Answer: A. Frame Relay Network
22. It is the logical connection between DTEs

a. Virtual Circuit
b. Idle
c. Partial Mesh
d. Full Mesh
Answer: A. Virtual Circuit
23. What are the two types of virtual circuits?

a. PVC (PERMANENT VIRTUAL CIRCUIT) and SVC (SWITCHED VIRTUAL
CIRCUIT)
b. PVC (Primary Virtual Circuit) and SVC (Secondary Virtual Circuit)
c. PVC (Private Virtual Circuit) and PVC (Public Virtual Circuit)
Answer: A. PVC (PERMANENT VIRTUAL CIRCUIT) and SVC (SWITCHED

VIRTUAL CIRCUIT)
24. PVC has _ operational states

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
Answer: B. 2
25. SVC has _ operational states

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4.
Answer: D. 4
26. In FULL MESH, how many DTEs are connected by PVCs?

a. 1
b. none
c. only some
d. all
Answer: D. all
27. In PARTIAL MESH, how many DTEs are connected by PVCs?
a. 1
b. none
c. only some
d. all
Answer: C. only some
28. What is Committed Information Rate (CIR)?

a. Bandwidth guaranteed by an internet service provider.
b. Data is transmitted
c. Active but no data transferred
d. Logical connection between DTEs
Answer: A. Bandwidth guaranteed by an internet service provider.
29. It is used when FECN or BECN does not work to control congestion.
b. Frame Relay
d. Cyclic Redundancy Check
Answer: A. Discard Eligibility
30. It is an error checking field
b. Frame Relay
d. Forward Explicit Congestion Notification
Answer: C. Frame Check Sequence
31. It is decided by the bandwidth of the channel that means it is the maximum rate of
introduction packet.
a. Access Rate
Answer: A. Access Rate
32. It is the maximum number of bits in a predetermined period.

a. Access Rate
Answer: B. Committed Burst Size Bc
33. It tells the destination that the delivered frame traversed a congested virtual circuit.
Answer: A. Forward Explicit Congestion Control (FECN)
34. It tells the source that the frame experienced congestion when it was sent across the
network.
Answer: B. Backward Explicit Congestion Control (BECN)
QUESTIONS:
1. These are switches that compose the bulk of the carrier’s network
ANSWER: Packet Switching Exchange or PSE
2. Located between the DCE and DTE in a x.25 network that performs buffering, packet assembly
and disassembly.
ANSWER: Packet Assembler/Disassembler or PAD
3. Protocol used at the data-link level of x.25

ANSWER: Link Access Procedure Balanced or LAPB
4. A command or response in that means “receiver not ready”

ANSWER: RNR
5. A command or response in LAPB that means “receiver ready”

ANSWER: RR
6. A command in LAPB that simply means “disconnect”

ANSWER: DISC
7. A command or response in LAPB that simply means “reject”

ANSWER: REJ
8. It is a logically equivalent to a two-point dedicated private-line circuit except slower.

ANSWER: PERMANENT VIRTUAL CIRCUIT
9. This is a packet format with 12-bit binary number that identifies the source and the destination
users for a given virtual call.
ANSWER: LOGICAL CHANNEL IDENTIFIER
10. How many user data bits does X.25 data transfer packet format have?
ANSWER: 1024 bits
11. It is a temporary and exists as a logical entity only for the duration of the call.
ANSWER: SWITCHED VIRTUAL CIRCUIT
12. What are the three switching services offered by the X.25 switched network?
ANSWER: PERMANENT VIRTUAL CIRCUIT, SWITCHED VIRTUAL CIRCUIT &
DATAGRAM
13. Datagram is also called?

ANSWER: SINGLE-PACKET-PER-SEGMENT PROTOCOL
14. When was Consultative Committee for International Telephony and Telegraphy established?
ANSWER: 1956
15. When was CCITT designate the X.25 user interface as the international standard for packet
network access?
ANSWER: 1976
16. In this layer it is basically concerned with electrical or mechanical Characteristics.

ANSWER: Physical Layer
17. This agency is built to standardize the telegraph networks.

ANSWER: ITU (International Telegraph Union)
18. Protocol that is being used in some ATMs and credit card verification networks now a days.
ANSWER: X.25
19. When was ITU (International Telegraph Union) erected?

ANSWER: 1865
20. In this protocol it addresses only the physical, data-link, and network layers in the ISO seven-
layer model.
ANSWER: X.25
1. X – SERIES is developed by:
a. IETF
b. ITU - T
c. IEEE
d. ANSI
2. TRUE OR FALSE: ITU – T recommendations are not mandated unless acquired by national law.
a. TRUE
b. FALSE
3. It is a standard for public data networks which means providing data transmission to the public.
a. X - series
b. I - series
c. V – series
d. Q – series
4. A category of X – series that deals with services and facilities, terminals, and interfaces.
a. X.1 – X.50
b. X.50 – X.100
c. X.1 – X.39
d. X.40 – X.199
5. It is an X – series standard that has a title of: International user classes of service in, and categories
of access to, public data networks and Integrated Services Digital Networks (ISDNs).
a. X.2
b. X.25
c. X.20
d. X.1
6. It is an X – series standard that has a title of: International data transmission services and optional
user facilities in public data networks.
a. X.2
b. X.25
c. X.20
d. X.1
7. This provides DTE/DCE interface to facilitate access to the public data network from the public
telephone network, circuit-switched public data networks and leased circuits.
a. X.75
b. X.29
c. X.121
d. X.28
8. This provides procedures to facilitate international interworking between PADs or between a PAD
and a packet mode DTE.
a. X.75
b. X.29
c. X.121
d. X.28
9. This describes a packet-switched signaling system between public networks providing data
transmission services.
a. X.75
b. X.29
c. X.121
d. X.28
10. This Recommendation defines the design, characteristics and application of the Numbering Plan
for Public Data Networks.
a. X.75
b. X.29
c. X.121
d. X.28
11. This developed in order to facilitate the operation of public data networks and provide for their
interworking on a worldwide basis.
a. International Numbering Plan for Public Data Networks
b. International Telecommunication Union
c. International Standard Organization
d. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
12. The numbering plan allows for the identification of a country as well as a specific public data
network in that country thru ___ and ____.
a. Data networking and coding
b. Data Country Codes and Data Network Identification Codes
c. Data transmission and Data Network
d. Data Country Network and Data transmission
13. X.29 facilitates between PADs or between PAD and a _____.

a. DTE
b. Packet Mode DTE
c. Network
d. segment
14. This is a recommendation used for packet assembly/disassembly facility or PAD in a public data
network.
A.) X.1 B.) X.2 C.) X.3 D.) X.4
15. This is a recommendation that allows the use of V.24/V.28 for use on public data networks of
DTE designed for interfacing to asynchronous full-duplex V-series modems.
16. This is a recommendation that allows the use of V.24/V.28 for use on public data networks of
DTE designed for interfacing to synchronous full-duplex V-series modems.
17. ___________ is found normally on a 15-pin D-Sub connector and is capable of running full-
duplex data transmissions.
18. This recommendation is the interface between DTE and DCE for terminals operating in the
packet mode on public data networks.
A.) X.19 B.) X.21 C.) X.23 D.) X.25
19. It was originally defined by the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee
in early 1970s and finalized in a publication known as the Orange Book in 1976.
A.) X.19 B.) X.21 C.) X.23 D.) X.25
20. It provides a synchronous data transmission at rates from 600 bit/s to 10 Mbit/s.

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1. Why is Congestion Control necessary in Frame Relay?

a. because there's no error and flow control

Answer: c. both a and b

2. What are the layers present in Frame Relay

Answer: Physical and Data Link Layer

3. It is the keepalives of the Frame Relay

Answer: A. Local Management Interface (LMI)

Answer: A. Frame Relay Switch

5. A Virtual Circuit that is always available

Answer: A. Permanent Virtual Circuit (PVC)

7. It is owned by the service provider

Answer: A. Frame Relay Network

8. It is the logical connection between DTEs

Answer: A. Virtual Circuit

9. What are the two types of virtual circuits?

10. PVC has _ operational states

11. SVC has _ operational states

12. In FULL MESH, how many DTEs are connected by PVCs?

13. In PARTIAL MESH, how many DTEs are connected by PVCs?

Answer: C. only some

14. What is Committed Information Rate (CIR)?

Answer: A. Bandwidth guaranteed by an internet service provider.

Answer: A. Discard Eligibility

Answer: C. Frame Check Sequence

Answer: A. Access Rate

18. It is the maximum number of bits in a predetermined period.

Answer: B. Committed Burst Size Bc

Answer: A. Forward Explicit Congestion Control (FECN)

Answer: B. Backward Explicit Congestion Control (BECN)

29. A protocol intended for low-speed applications. XMODEM

38. Who developed Ymodem? Chuck Forsberg

a. Asynchronous Response Mode

c. Asynchronous Balanced Mode

d. Normal Disconnected Mode

2. Which of the following is not an operational mode?

a. Asynchronous Response Mode

b. Normal Response Mode

c. Asynchronous Balanced Mode

d. Normal Disconnected Mode

a. Asynchronous Response Mode

b. Normal Response Mode

c. Asynchronous Balanced Mode

d. Normal Disconnected Mode

5. Opposite state of Asynchronous Balanced Mode.

a. Asynchronous Response Mode

b. Normal Response Mode

c. Asynchronous Disconnect Mode.

6. It's an unbalanced configuration in which secondary terminals may transmit without

a. Asynchronous Response Mode

b. Normal Response Mode

c. Asynchronous Balanced Mode

d. Normal Disconnected Mode

7. A bit-oriented protocol and also known as the superset of SDLC.

a. Synchronous Data Link Control

b. Data Link Control

c. High-level data-link control

d. Link Access Procedure-Balanced

14. The main feature of HDLC protocol

d. None of the above

15. What frame format has no sequence numbers included?

16. The flag character is a byte with the value of

18. This ensures that HDLC data is transparent?

d. All of the above

1. X – SERIES is developed by: